### the eic board may upon request address recommendations to the commission on : ### the eic board may upon request , and wherever appropriate in coordination with the eit governing board , address recommendations to the commission on :


### the eic board may upon request address recommendations to the commission on : ### the eic board may upon request , and in coordination with the eit governing board , address recommendations to the commission on :


### the members of the eic board shall be appointed by the commission , following an open call for nominations or for expression of interests or both , whichever the commission will find more appropriate , , and taking into account the need for balance in expertise , gender , age and geographical distribution . ### the members of the eic board shall be appointed by the commission , following an open call for nominations or for expression of interests or both , whichever the commission will find more appropriate , and taking into account the need for balance in expertise , gender and age .


### the president shall chair the eic board , prepare its meetings , assign tasks to members , and may establish dedicated sub - groups , in particular to identify emerging technology trends from eic ' s portfolio . he or she shall promote the eic , act as interlocutor with the commission and represent the eic in the world of innovation . the commission may provide for administrative support for the president to undertake his or her duties . ### the president shall chair the eic board , prepare its meetings , assign tasks to members , and may establish dedicated sub - groups , in particular to identify emerging technology trends from eic ' s portfolio . he or she shall promote the eic and its role in achieving eu r&i goals , act as interlocutor with the commission and represent the eic in the world of research and innovation . the commission may provide for administrative support for the president to undertake his or her duties .


### a code of conduct addressing , inter alia , the avoidance of conflict of interests shall be established by the commission . members of the eic board are expected to accept the code of conduct upon assuming office . ### a code of conduct addressing , inter alia , the avoidance of conflict of interests shall be established by the commission . members of the eic board are expected to accept the code of conduct upon assuming office , and shall be dismissed in case a conflict of interests arises .


### all clusters under the pillar ' global challenges and industrial competitiveness ' , msca , research infrastructures , support to innovation ecosystems , sharing excellence and reforming and enhancing the european r&i system , in accordance with the examination procedure referred to in article 12 ; ### all clusters under the pillar ' global challenges and industrial competitiveness ' , msca , research infrastructures , support to research and innovation ecosystems , spreading excellence and widening participation , reforming and enhancing the european r&i system , in accordance with the examination procedure referred to in article 12 ;


### greater impact will be obtained through aligning actions with other nations and regions of the world within an international cooperation effort of unprecedented scale . based on mutual benefit , partners from across the world will be invited to join eu efforts as an integral part of initiatives in support of eu action for sustainability , reinforced research and innovation excellence , and competitiveness . ### greater impact will be obtained through aligning actions with other nations and regions of the world within an international cooperation effort of unprecedented scale , to develop a shared future based on sustainable development bringing together knowledge capacity and infrastructure to support actions on both sides . based on mutual benefit , partners from across the world , including research and education partners , industry , government and ngos , will be invited to join eu efforts as an integral part of initiatives in support of eu action for sustainability , reinforced research and innovation excellence , and competitiveness . the transfer of knowledge , capacity and infrastructure between the partners internationally will drive shared approaches and regulation that will bring synergistic trading to both .


### greater impact will be obtained through aligning actions with other nations and regions of the world within an international cooperation effort of unprecedented scale . based on mutual benefit , partners from across the world will be invited to join eu efforts as an integral part of initiatives in support of eu action for sustainability , reinforced research and innovation excellence , and competitiveness . ### greater impact will be obtained through aligning actions with other nations and regions of the world within an international cooperation effort of unprecedented scale . based on mutual benefit , partners from across the world will be invited to join eu efforts as an integral part of initiatives in support of eu action for sustainability , reinforced research and innovation excellence , and competitiveness . with a view to maximising the results , the cooperation agreements will seek to be fully aligned with the objectives and budgets of international partners .


### international joint action will ensure effective tackling of global societal challenges and sustainable development goals , access to the world ' s best talents , expertise and resources , and enhanced supply and demand of innovative solutions . ### international joint action will ensure effective tackling of global societal challenges and sustainable development goals , access to the world ' s best talents , expertise and resources , and enhanced supply and demand of innovative solutions . international collaboration and cooperation will be designed around common goals requiring international collaboration . this will facilitate european researchers to engage with the best researchers in their field .


### the implementation of horizon europe ' s programme - level objectives in an integrated manner will be ensured by multiannual strategic planning . such planning will provide the focus on impact for the programme overall and coherence between its different pillars , as well as synergy with other eu programmes and support to and from other eu policies . ### the implementation of horizon europe shall be steered by an inclusive and transparent strategic planning process of the research and innovation activities funded by the programme . it will provide the focus on impact for the programme and coherence between its different parts , as well as synergy with other eu programmes and support to and from other eu policies . the strategic planning process and the adoption of the strategic r&i plans , forming a part of the legal base of the programme , will increase ownership and understanding for the purpose of the programme by a wider public and will allow the co - legislators , stakeholders and member states to be fully informed on the envisaged initiatives . the strategic planning will help to develop and implement policy for the relevant areas covered , at union level as well as complementing policies in the member states . it will allow the simplification of the funding landscape , avoid duplication and overlaps between funding possibilities and promote faster dissemination and uptake of research and innovation results .


### the commission will also implement information and communication activities relating to horizon europe , to promote the fact that results were obtained with the support of eu funding . they will also seek to raise public awareness on the importance of research and innovation and the broader impact and relevance of eu funded research and innovation , by means of e . g . publications , media relations , events , knowledge repositories , databases , multi - channel platforms , websites or a targeted use of social media . horizon europe will also provide support to the beneficiaries to communicate their work and its impact to society at large . ### the commission will also implement information and communication activities relating to horizon europe , to promote existing financing and the fact that results were obtained with the support of eu funding . they will also seek to raise public awareness on the importance of research and innovation and the broader impact and relevance of eu funded research and innovation , by means of e . g . publications , media relations , events , knowledge repositories , databases , multi - channel platforms , websites or a targeted use of social media . horizon europe will also provide support to the beneficiaries to communicate their work and its impact to society at large .


### although the eu remains the largest producer of scientific publications in the world , it is essentially a ' mass producer ' of knowledge with , relative to its size , comparatively few centres of excellence that standout at the world level and with large areas of average and poor performance . compared with the us and now china to some degree , the eu still tends to follow a ' distributed excellence model ' in which resources are spread across a larger number of researchers and research institutions another challenge is that in many eu countries the public sector still does not offer sufficiently attractive conditions for the best researchers . these factors compound europe ' s relative unattractiveness in the global competition for scientific talent . ### although the eu remains the largest producer of scientific publications in the world , it is essentially a ' mass producer ' of knowledge with , relative to its size , comparatively few centres of excellence that standout at the world level and with large areas of average and poor performance . compared with the us and now china to some degree , the eu still tends to follow a ' distributed excellence model ' in which resources are spread across a larger number of researchers and research institutions another challenge is that in many eu countries the public sector still does not offer sufficiently attractive conditions for the best researchers . these factors compound europe ' s relative unattractiveness in the global competition for scientific talent . consequently , horizon europe should be designed with the purpose of further advancing european excellence .


### –sharing experience and best practices with regional and national research funding agencies to promote the support of excellent researchers ; ### –spreading experience and best practices with other union bodies as well as regional and national research funding agencies to promote the support of excellent researchers ;


### europe is a scientific powerhouse with around 1 . 8 million researchers working in thousands of universities , research centres and world - leading companies . however , it is estimated that the eu will need to train and employ at least one million new researchers by 2027 in order to achieve the targets beings set for increased investment in research and innovation . this need is particularly acute in the non - academic sector . the eu must reinforce its efforts to entice more young women and men to a career in research , to attract researchers from third countries , retain its own researchers and reintegrate european researchers working elsewhere back to europe . in addition , in order to more widely spread excellence , the conditions under which researchers perform must be further improved throughout the european research area . in this respect , stronger links are needed notably with the european education area , the european regional development fund , and european social fund . ### europe is a scientific powerhouse with around 1 . 8 million researchers working in thousands of universities , research centres and world - leading companies . however , it is estimated that the eu will need to train and employ at least one million new researchers by 2027 in order to achieve the targets beings set for increased investment in research and innovation . this need is particularly acute in the non - academic sector . the eu must reinforce its efforts to entice more young women and men to a career in research , to attract researchers from third countries , retain its own researchers and reintegrate european researchers working elsewhere back to europe . to achieve that goal , attention should be paid to schemes facilitating the balance between family and work life , including adding more flexibility for researchers of both sexes to facilitate the reconciliation of work and family life . guaranteeing full gender equality in all sectors including science , technology and innovation is an essential condition for global economic development . in addition , in order to ensure synergies and more widely spread excellence , the seal of excellence label will continue to be applied to calls under msca and the conditions under which researchers perform must be further improved throughout the european research area . in this respect , stronger links are needed notably with the european education area , the european regional development fund , and european social fund .


### europe needs a highly - skilled and resilient human capital base in research and innovation that can easily adapt to and find sustainable solutions for future challenges , such as major demographic changes in europe . to ensure excellence , researchers need to be mobile , collaborate and diffuse knowledge across countries , sectors and disciplines , with the right combination of knowledge and skills to tackle societal challenges and support innovation . ### europe needs a highly - skilled and resilient human capital base in research and innovation that can easily adapt to and find sustainable solutions for future challenges , such as major demographic changes in europe . to ensure excellence , researchers need to be mobile , have full access to top quality infrastructure , collaborate and diffuse knowledge across countries , sectors and disciplines , with the right combination of knowledge and skills to tackle societal challenges and support innovation .


### europe is a scientific powerhouse with around 1 . 8 million researchers working in thousands of universities , research centres and world - leading companies . however , it is estimated that the eu will need to train and employ at least one million new researchers by 2027 in order to achieve the targets beings set for increased investment in research and innovation . this need is particularly acute in the non - academic sector . the eu must reinforce its efforts to entice more young women and men to a career in research , to attract researchers from third countries , retain its own researchers and reintegrate european researchers working elsewhere back to europe . in addition , in order to more widely spread excellence , the conditions under which researchers perform must be further improved throughout the european research area . in this respect , stronger links are needed notably with the european education area , the european regional development fund , and european social fund . ### europe is a scientific powerhouse with around 1 . 8 million researchers working in thousands of universities , research centres and world - leading companies . however , it is estimated that the eu will need to train and employ at least one million new researchers by 2027 in order to achieve the targets beings set for increased investment in research and innovation . this need is particularly acute in the non - academic sector . the eu must reinforce its efforts to entice more young women and men to a career in research , to attract researchers from third countries , retain its own researchers and reintegrate european researchers working elsewhere back to europe . to achieve that goal , attention should be paid to schemes facilitating the balance between family and work life , including adding more flexibility for researchers of both sexes to facilitate the reconciliation of work and family life . guaranteeing full gender equality in all sectors including science , technology and innovation is an essential condition for global economic development . in addition , in order to ensure synergies and more widely spread excellence , the seal of excellence label will continue to be applied to calls under msca ; the conditions under which researchers perform must be further improved throughout the european research area , including addressing the remuneration gap among researchers from different eu members states involved in the eu r&i framework programmes’ projects . in this respect , stronger links are needed notably with the european education area , the european regional development fund , and european social fund .


### the marie skłodowska - curie actions focus on excellent research that is fully bottom - up , open to any field of research and innovation from basic research up to market take - up and innovation services . this includes research fields covered under the treaty on the functioning of the european union and the treaty establishing the european atomic energy community . if specific needs arise and additional funding sources become available , the msca may target certain activities in specific challenges , types of research and innovation institutions , or geographical locations in order to respond to the evolution of europe ' s requirements in terms of skills , research training , career development and knowledge sharing . ### the marie skłodowska - curie actions focus on excellent research that is fully bottom - up , open to any field of research and innovation from basic research up to market take - up and innovation services . this includes research fields covered under the treaty on the functioning of the european union and the treaty establishing the european atomic energy community . additional funding sources that become available shall be used to this end .


### the msca are the main instrument at eu - level for attracting researchers from third countries to europe , thus making a major contribution to global cooperation in research and innovation . evidence shows that the msca not only have a positive impact on individuals , organisations , and at system level , but also yield high - impact and breakthrough research results while at the same time contributing significantly to societal as well as strategic challenges . long - term investment in people pays off , as indicated by the number of nobel prize winners who have been either former msca fellows or supervisors . ### the msca are the main instrument at eu - level for attracting researchers from third countries to europe , thus making a major contribution to european scientific and economic competitiveness and to global cooperation in research and innovation . evidence shows that the msca not only have a positive impact on individuals , organisations , and at system level , but also yield high - impact and breakthrough research results while at the same time contributing significantly to societal as well as strategic challenges . long - term investment in people pays off , as indicated by the number of nobel prize winners who have been either former msca fellows or supervisors .


### the eu needs a strong , resilient and creative human resource base , with the right combination of skills to match the future needs of the labour market , to innovate and to convert knowledge and ideas into products and services for economic and social benefit . this can be achieved through training researchers to further develop their core research competences as well as enhance their transferable skills such as a creative and entrepreneurial mindset . this will allow them to face current and future global challenges , and improve their career prospects and innovation potential . ### the eu needs a strong , resilient and creative human resource base , with the right combination of skills to match the future needs of the labour market , to innovate and to convert knowledge and ideas into products and services for scientific , economic and social benefit . this can be achieved through training researchers to further develop their core research competences , enhance their transferable skills such as a creative and entrepreneurial mindset , including the understanding of the benefits that standards bring to market new products and services . this will allow them to face current and future global challenges , and improve their career prospects and innovation potential .


### the eu needs a strong , resilient and creative human resource base , with the right combination of skills to match the future needs of the labour market , to innovate and to convert knowledge and ideas into products and services for economic and social benefit . this can be achieved through training researchers to further develop their core research competences as well as enhance their transferable skills such as a creative and entrepreneurial mindset . this will allow them to face current and future global challenges , and improve their career prospects and innovation potential . ### the eu needs a strong , resilient and creative human resource base , with the right combination of skills to match the future needs of the labour market , to innovate and to convert knowledge and ideas into products and services for scientific , economic and social benefit . this can be achieved through training researchers to further develop their core research competences as well as enhance their transferable skills such as a creative and entrepreneurial mindset . this will allow them to face current and future societal challenges , and improve their career prospects and innovation potential .


### state of the art research infrastructures provide key services to research and innovation communities , playing an essential role in extending the frontiers of knowledge . supporting research infrastructures at the eu level helps to mitigate what in many cases is the reality of scattered national research infrastructures and pockets of scientific excellence , as well as tackling the low circulation of knowledge across silos . ### state of the art research infrastructures provide key services to research and innovation communities , playing an essential role in extending the frontiers of knowledge . supporting research infrastructures of all sizes at the eu level helps to mitigate what in many cases is the reality of scattered national and regional research infrastructures and pockets of scientific excellence , as well as increasing the circulation of knowledge across silos .


### eu supported activity will provide added value through : consolidating and optimised existing research infrastructures alongside efforts to develop new infrastructures ; establishing the european open science cloud as an effective scalable and sustainable environment for data - driven research ; the interconnection of national and regional research and education networks , enhancing and securing high - capacity network infrastructure for massive amounts of data and access to digital resources across borders and domain boundaries ; overcoming barriers preventing the best research teams from accessing the best research infrastructures services in the eu ; fostering the innovation potential of research infrastructures , focused on technology development and co - innovation as well as increased use of research infrastructures by industry . ### eu supported activity will provide added value through : consolidating and optimised existing research infrastructures alongside efforts to develop new infrastructures ; establishing the european open science cloud and the european cultural heritage cloud - a museum collaboration space - as an effective scalable and sustainable environment for data - driven research ; the interconnection of national and regional research and education networks , enhancing and securing high - capacity network infrastructure for massive amounts of data and access to digital resources across borders and domain boundaries ; creating research and project platforms to overcoming barriers preventing the best research teams from accessing the best research infrastructures services in the eu ; fostering the innovation potential of research infrastructures , focused on technology development and co - innovation as well as increased use of research infrastructures by industry .


### and the international dimension of eu research infrastructures must be reinforced , fostering stronger cooperation with international counterparts and international participation in european research infrastructures for mutual benefit . ### and the international dimension of eu research infrastructures must be reinforced , fostering stronger cooperation and connectivity with international counterparts and international participation in european research infrastructures for mutual benefit .


### the overall aim is to endow europe with world - class sustainable research infrastructures open and accessible to all researchers in europe and beyond , which fully exploit their potential for scientific advance and innovation . key objectives are to reduce the fragmentation of the research and innovation ecosystem , avoiding duplication of effort , and better coordinate the development and use of research infrastructures . it is crucial to support open access to research infrastructures for all european researchers as well as , through the european open science cloud , increased access to digital research resources , specifically tackling the currently sub - optimal embracement of open science and open data practises . equally , the eu needs to tackle the rapid increase of global competition for talent by attracting third country researchers to work with european world - class research infrastructures . increasing the competitiveness of european industry is also a major objective , supporting key technologies and services relevant for research infrastructures and their users , thus improving the conditions for supply of innovative solutions . ### the overall aim is to improve europe ' s endowment with world - class sustainable research infrastructures open and accessible to all researchers in europe and beyond , which fully exploit their potential for scientific advance and innovation . key objectives are to reduce the fragmentation of the research and innovation ecosystem , ensure continuous modernisation , avoiding duplication of effort , and better coordinate the development , use and accessibility of research infrastructures . it is crucial to support open access to research infrastructures in all member states . it is crucial to support open access to research infrastructures for all european researchers as well as , through the european open science cloud , increased access to digital research resources . equally , the eu needs to tackle the rapid increase of global competition for talent by attracting third country researchers to work with european world - class research infrastructures . increasing the competitiveness of european industry is also a major objective , supporting key technologies and services relevant for research infrastructures and their users , thus improving the conditions for supply of innovative solutions .


### past framework programmes have made a significant contribution towards the more efficient and effective use of national infrastructures as well as developed with the european strategy forum on research infrastructures a coherent and strategy - led approach to policy making on pan - european research infrastructures . this strategic approach has generated clear advantages , including reducing duplication of effort with more efficient overall use of resources , as well as standardising processes and procedures . ### past framework programmes have made a significant contribution towards the more efficient and effective use of national infrastructures and towards the removal of barriers for use by all areas of european research through trans - national access , as well as developed with the european strategy forum on research infrastructures a coherent and strategy - led approach to policymaking on pan - european research infrastructures . this strategic approach has generated clear advantages , including reducing duplication of effort with more efficient overall use of resources , as well as standardising and harmonising processes and procedures . creating new excellent r&i networks on the base of research infrastructures founded by the eu seems to be a natural challenge for horizon europe .


### the research landscape will be significantly enhanced through ensuring openness to key international , national and regional research infrastructures for all eu researchers and integrating their services when necessary so as to harmonise access conditions , improve and enlarge service provision and encourage common development strategy of high tech components and advanced services through innovation actions . ### the research landscape will be significantly enhanced through ensuring openness to key international , national and regional research infrastructures for all eu researchers and integrating their services when necessary so as to harmonise access conditions , improve and enlarge service provision and encourage common development strategy of high tech components and advanced services through innovation actions that answer the needs of the researchers ' communities and thus encourage their active participation .


### ii ### iiglobal challenges and european industrial competitiveness


### ii ### iisocietal challenges and industrial competitiveness


### ii ### iicompetitiveness


### many of the challenges which confront the eu are also global challenges . the scale and complexity of the problems are vast , and need to be matched by the appropriate money , resources and effort in order to find solutions . these are precisely the areas where the eu must work together ; smart , flexible and joined - up for the benefit and well - being of our citizens . ### many of the challenges which confront the eu are also societal global challenges . the scale and complexity of the problems are vast , and need to be matched by the appropriate money , resources and effort in order to find solutions . these are precisely the areas where the eu must work together ; smart , flexible and joined - up for the benefit and well - being of our citizens .


### research and innovation under this pillar of horizon europe is grouped into integrated clusters of activities . rather than addressing sectors , the investments aim at systemic changes for our society and economy along a sustainability vector . these will only be achieved if all actors , both private and public , engage in co - designing and co - creating research and innovation ; bringing together end - users , scientists , technologists , producers , innovators , businesses , educators , citizens and civil society organisations . therefore , none of the thematic clusters is intended for only one set of actors . ### research and innovation under this pillar of horizon europe is grouped into integrated clusters of activities . rather than addressing sectors , the investments aim at systemic changes for our society and economy along a sustainability vector . these will only be achieved if all actors , both private and public , engage in co - designing and co - creating research and innovation ; bringing together end - users , researchers , scientists , technologists , producers , innovators , businesses , industry , educators , citizens and civil society organisations . therefore , none of the thematic clusters is intended for only one set of actors .


### these health challenges are complex , interlinked and global in nature and require multidisciplinary , cross - sectorial and transnational collaborations . research and innovation activities will build close linkages between discovery , clinical , epidemiological , environmental and socio - economic research as well as with regulatory sciences . they will harness the combined skills of academia and industry and foster their collaboration with health services , patients , policy - makers and citizens in order to leverage on public funding and ensure the uptake of results in clinical practice as well as in health care systems . they will foster strategic collaboration at eu and international level in order to pool the expertise , capacities and resources needed to create economies of scale , scope and speed as well as to share the expected benefits and financial risks involved . ### these health challenges are complex , interlinked and global in nature and require multidisciplinary , cross - sectorial and transnational collaborations on a transnational level . research and innovation activities including the necessary basic biomedical research will build close linkages between discovery , clinical , epidemiological , environmental and socio - economic research as well as with regulatory sciences . they will harness the combined skills of academia and industry and foster their collaboration with health services , patients , policy - makers and citizens in order to leverage on public funding and ensure the uptake of results in clinical practice as well as in health care systems . they will foster strategic collaboration at eu and international level in order to pool the expertise , capacities and resources needed to create economies of scale , scope and speed as well as to share the expected benefits and financial risks involved .


### health research and innovation research and innovation have played a significant part in this achievement but also in improving productivity and quality in the health and care industry . however , the eu continues to face novel , newly emerging or persisting challenges that are threatening its citizens and public health , the sustainability of its health care and social protection systems , as well as the competitiveness of its health and care industry . major health challenges in the eu include : the lack of effective health promotion and disease prevention ; the rise of non - communicable diseases ; the spread of antimicrobial drug resistance and the emergence of infectious epidemics ; increased environmental pollution ; the persistence of health inequalities among and within countries affecting disproportionally people that are disadvantaged or in vulnerable stages of life ; the detection , understanding , control , prevention and mitigation of health risks in a rapidly changing social , urban and natural environment ; the increasing costs for european health care systems and the progressive introduction of personalised medicine approaches and digitalisation in health and care ; and the increasing pressure on the european health and care industry to remain competitive in and by developing health innovation vis - a - vis new and emerging global players . ### health research and innovation research and innovation have played a significant part in this achievement but also in improving productivity and quality in the health and care industry . however , the eu continues to face novel , newly emerging or persisting challenges that are threatening its citizens and public health , the sustainability of its health care and social protection systems , as well as the competitiveness of its health and care industry . major health challenges in the eu include : the increased cases of cancer ; cardiovascular disease as the main cause of death in europe ; precision medicine ; the lack of effective health promotion and disease prevention ; the rise of non - communicable diseases ; the spread of antimicrobial drug resistance and the emergence of infectious epidemics ; increased environmental pollution ; the persistence of health inequalities among and within countries affecting disproportionally people that are disadvantaged or in vulnerable stages of life ; the detection , understanding , control , prevention and mitigation of health risks in a rapidly changing social , urban and natural environment ; the high prices of some innovative health tools and technologies ; increased interdependence of eu on other regions as a consequence of globalization calling for a global health approach ; the increasing costs for european health care systems and the progressive introduction of personalised medicine approaches and digitalisation in health and care ; and the increasing pressure on the european health and care industry to remain competitive in and by developing health innovation vis - a - vis new and emerging global players .


### these health challenges are complex , interlinked and global in nature and require multidisciplinary , cross - sectorial and transnational collaborations . research and innovation activities will build close linkages between discovery , clinical , epidemiological , environmental and socio - economic research as well as with regulatory sciences . they will harness the combined skills of academia and industry and foster their collaboration with health services , patients , policy - makers and citizens in order to leverage on public funding and ensure the uptake of results in clinical practice as well as in health care systems . they will foster strategic collaboration at eu and international level in order to pool the expertise , capacities and resources needed to create economies of scale , scope and speed as well as to share the expected benefits and financial risks involved . ### these health challenges are complex , interlinked and global in nature and require multidisciplinary , cross - sectorial and translational collaborations . research and innovation activities will build close linkages between clinical , epidemiological , environmental and socio - economic research as well as with regulatory sciences . they will harness the combined skills of academia and industry and foster their collaboration with health services , patients , policy - makers and citizens in order to leverage on public funding and ensure the uptake of results in clinical practice as well as in health care systems . they will foster strategic collaboration at eu and international level in order to pool the expertise , capacities and resources needed to create economies of scale , scope and speed as well as to share the expected benefits and financial risks involved .


### the research and innovation activities of this global challenge will develop the knowledge base , build the research and innovation capacity and develop the solutions needed for a more effective promotion of health and the prevention , treatment and cure of diseases . improving health outcomes will in turn result in increased life expectancy , healthy active lives and productivity of working age people , and sustainability of health and care systems . ### the research and innovation activities of this societal challenge will develop the knowledge base , build the research and innovation capacity and develop the solutions needed for a more effective promotion of health and the prevention , treatment and cure of diseases . improving health outcomes will in turn result in increased life expectancy , healthy active lives and productivity of working age people , and sustainability of health and care systems .


### these health challenges are complex , interlinked and global in nature and require multidisciplinary , cross - sectorial and transnational collaborations . research and innovation activities will build close linkages between discovery , clinical , epidemiological , environmental and socio - economic research as well as with regulatory sciences . they will harness the combined skills of academia and industry and foster their collaboration with health services , patients , policy - makers and citizens in order to leverage on public funding and ensure the uptake of results in clinical practice as well as in health care systems . they will foster strategic collaboration at eu and international level in order to pool the expertise , capacities and resources needed to create economies of scale , scope and speed as well as to share the expected benefits and financial risks involved . ### these health challenges are complex , interlinked and global in nature and require multidisciplinary , cross - sectorial and transnational collaborations , including with low and middle income countries . research and innovation activities will build close linkages between discovery , clinical , epidemiological , environmental and socio - economic research as well as with regulatory sciences . they will harness the combined skills of academia , not - for - profit product developers and industry and foster their collaboration with health services , patients , policy - makers , civil society organisations and citizens in order to leverage on public funding and ensure the uptake of results in clinical practice as well as in health care systems . they will foster strategic collaboration at eu and international level in order to pool the expertise , capacities and resources needed to create economies of scale , scope and speed as well as to share the expected benefits and financial risks involved .


### health research and innovation research and innovation have played a significant part in this achievement but also in improving productivity and quality in the health and care industry . however , the eu continues to face novel , newly emerging or persisting challenges that are threatening its citizens and public health , the sustainability of its health care and social protection systems , as well as the competitiveness of its health and care industry . major health challenges in the eu include : the lack of effective health promotion and disease prevention ; the rise of non - communicable diseases ; the spread of antimicrobial drug resistance and the emergence of infectious epidemics ; increased environmental pollution ; the persistence of health inequalities among and within countries affecting disproportionally people that are disadvantaged or in vulnerable stages of life ; the detection , understanding , control , prevention and mitigation of health risks in a rapidly changing social , urban and natural environment ; the increasing costs for european health care systems and the progressive introduction of personalised medicine approaches and digitalisation in health and care ; and the increasing pressure on the european health and care industry to remain competitive in and by developing health innovation vis - a - vis new and emerging global players . ### health research and innovation research and innovation have played a significant part in this achievement but also in improving productivity and quality in the health and care industry . however , the eu continues to face novel , newly emerging or persisting challenges that are threatening its citizens and public health , the sustainability of its health care and social protection systems , as well as the competitiveness of its health and care industry . major health challenges in the eu include : the lack of effective health promotion and disease prevention ; the rise of non - communicable diseases ; the spread of antimicrobial drug resistance and the emergence of infectious epidemics ; increased environmental pollution ; the persistence of health inequalities among and within countries affecting disproportionally people that are disadvantaged or in vulnerable stages of life ; the earlier detection , understanding and control , prevention and mitigation at population level of health risks in a rapidly changing social , urban and natural environment ; the increasing costs for european health care systems and the progressive introduction of personalised medicine approaches and digitalisation in health and care ; the increasing pressure on the european health and care industry to remain competitive in and by developing health innovation vis - a - vis new and emerging global players ; and the increased interdependence of the union on other regions as a consequence of globalisation calling for a global health approach .


### non - communicable diseases , including rare diseases , pose a major health and societal challenge and call for more effective approaches in prevention , treatment and cure , including personalised medicine approaches . ### non - communicable diseases , including rare diseases , pose a major health and societal challenge and call for more effective approaches in prevention , diagnosis , treatment and cure , including personalised medicine approaches .


### 2 . 3 . non - communicable and rare diseases ### 2 . 3 . non - communicable and rare diseases , including cancer


### non - communicable diseases , including rare diseases , pose a major health and societal challenge and call for more effective approaches in prevention , treatment and cure , including personalised medicine approaches . ### non - communicable diseases , including rare diseases , pose a major health and societal challenge and call for more effective population level approaches in primary and secondary prevention , treatment and cure , including with policy research and personalised medicine approaches .


### –vaccines , diagnostics , treatments and cures for infectious diseases , including co - morbidities and co - infections ; ### – - diagnostics , treatments and cures , including pharmaceuticals , forinfectious diseases , including co - morbidities and co - infections ; - suitable , safe and efficient vaccines for prevention and prophylaxis ofinfectious diseases , including research and discovery of novel vaccine , advanceimmunization technologies and regulatory sciences ;


### protecting people against cross - border health threats is a major challenge for public health , calling for effective international cooperation at eu and global level . this will involve prevention , preparedness , early detection , treatment and cure of infectious diseases , and also tackling antimicrobial resistance following a ' one health approach ' . ### protecting people against communicable diseases , cross - border health threats and poverty - related and neglected diseases is a major challenge for public health , calling for effective international cooperation at eu and global level as well as coordination between union funding instruments in r&i and international development . this will involve developing tools for prevention , preparedness , early detection , treatment and cure of infectious diseases , and also tackling antimicrobial resistance a number of infectious diseases lack private sector r&i investment because of the lack of market incentives to invest in the prevention , treatment , and diagnosis of these often poverty - related diseases , calling for more ambitious public sector investment . especially complex and costly late stage clinical trials and supporting ethical and regulatory strengthening in developing countries require pooled european efforts .


### protecting people against cross - border health threats is a major challenge for public health , calling for effective international cooperation at eu and global level . this will involve prevention , preparedness , early detection , treatment and cure of infectious diseases , and also tackling antimicrobial resistance following a ' one health approach ' . ### protecting people against infectious diseases and cross - border health threats is a major challenge for public health , calling for effective international cooperation at union and global level . this will involve prevention , including vaccination , preparedness , early detection , treatment and cure of infectious diseases , and also tackling antimicrobial resistance following a ' one health approach ' . the world heath organisation has defined a list of neglected diseases that lack private sector r&i investments due to limited commercial incentives . more ambitious public investments are needed to address the burden of such poverty - related and neglected diseases .


### 2 . 5 . tools , technologies and digital solutions for health and care ### 2 . 5 . tools , technologies and digital solutions for health , the manufacturing of health technologies , and care


### health technologies and tools are vital for public health and contributed to a large extent to the important improvements achieved in the quality of life , health and care of people , in the eu . it is thus a key strategic challenge to design , develop , deliver and implement suitable , trustable , safe , and cost - effective tools and technologies for health and care , taking due account of the needs of people with disabilities and the aging society . these include artificial intelligence and other digital technologies , offering significant improvements over existing ones , as well as stimulating a competitive and sustainable health - related industry that creates high - value jobs . the european health - related industry is one of the critical economic sectors in the eu , accounting for 3% of gdp and 1 . 5 million employees . ### health technologies and tools are vital for public health and contributed to a large extent to the important improvements achieved in the quality of life , health and care of people , in the eu . it is thus a key strategic challenge to design , develop , deliver and implement suitable , trustworthy , safe , and cost - effective tools and technologies for health , the manufacturing of health technologies , and care , taking due account of the improvement of medical research , the needs of people with disabilities and the ageing society . these include biotechnologies , as well as artificial intelligence and other digital technologies , offering significant improvements over existing ones , as well as stimulating a competitive and sustainable health - related industry that creates high - value jobs . the european health - related industry is one of the critical economic sectors in the eu , accounting for 3% of gdp and 1 . 5 million employees .


### –tools and technologies for applications across the health spectrum and any relevant medical indication , including functional impairment ; ### –tools and technologies for applications across the health spectrum , including the manufacturing of health technologies and any relevant medical indication , including functional impairment ;


### –innovative processes and services for the development , manufacturing and rapid delivery of tools and technologies for health and care ; ### –innovative processes and services for the development , manufacturing and rapid delivery of tools and technologies for health , the production of medicines and vaccines , and care ;


### health systems are a key asset of the eu social systems , accounting for 24 million employees in the health and social work sector in 2017 . it is a main priority to render health systems accessible , cost - effective , resilient , sustainable and trusted as well as to reduce inequalities , including by unleashing the potential of data - driven and digital innovation for better health and person - centred care building on open european data infrastructures . this will advance the digital transformation of health and care . ### health systems are a key asset of the eu social systems , accounting for 24 million employees in the health and social work sector in 2017 . it is a main priority to render health systems accessible , cost - effective , resilient , sustainable and trusted as well as to reduce inequalities , including by unleashing the potential of data - driven and digital innovation for better health and person - centred care building on open european data infrastructures . this will advance the digital transformation of health and care . the future infrastructure should rely on secure storages , 5g deployment , conditions for iot development , processing healthcare big data in high performance computing centres .


### –improving timely health information and use of health data , including electronic health records , with due attention to security , privacy , interoperability , standards , comparability and integrity ; ### –improving timely health information and use of health data , including electronic health records , with due attention to security , trust , privacy , interoperability , standards , comparability and integrity ;


### 2 . 6 . health care systems ### 2 . 6 . person - centred and equitable health care systems


### health systems are a key asset of the eu social systems , accounting for 24 million employees in the health and social work sector in 2017 . it is a main priority to render health systems accessible , cost - effective , resilient , sustainable and trusted as well as to reduce inequalities , including by unleashing the potential of data - driven and digital innovation for better health and person - centred care building on open european data infrastructures . this will advance the digital transformation of health and care . ### health systems are a key asset of the eu social systems , accounting for 24 million employees in the health and social work sector in 2017 . it is a main priority to render health systems accessible to all , regardless of income , cost - effective , resilient , sustainable , safe and trusted as well as to reduce inequalities , including by unleashing the potential of data - driven and digital innovation for better health and person - centred care building on open european data infrastructures . this will advance the digital transformation of health and care .


### –improving timely health information and use of health data , including electronic health records , with due attention to security , privacy , interoperability , standards , comparability and integrity ; ### –improving timeliness and quality of health information , as well as the infrastructure for the effective collection and use of health data , including electronic health records , with due attention to security , privacy , interoperability , standards , comparability and integrity ;


### activities will contribute directly to the following sustainable development goals in particular : sdg 1 - no poverty ; sdg 4 - quality education ; sdg – decent work and economic growth ; sdg 9 – industry , innovation and infrastructure ; sdg 10 - reducing inequalities ; sdg 11 - sustainable cities and communities ; sdg 16 – peace , justice and strong institutions . ### activities will contribute directly to the following sustainable development goals in particular : sdg 1 - no poverty ; sdg 4 - quality education ; sdg 5 – gender equality ; sdg 8 – decent work and economic growth ; sdg 9 – industry , innovation and infrastructure ; sdg 10 - reducing inequalities ; sdg 11 - sustainable cities and communities ; sdg 16 – peace , justice and strong institutions .


### 2 . 2 . cultural heritage ### 2 . 2 . cultural and creative industries including cultural heritage


### 2 . 2 . cultural heritage ### 2 . 2 . cultural heritage and tourism


### –conservation , safeguarding , enhancement and restoration of cultural heritage and languages with the use of cutting edge technologies including digital ; ### –conservation , safeguarding , enhancement and restoration of cultural heritage , languages and traditional skills and crafts with the use of cutting edge technologies including digital ;


### –conservation , safeguarding , enhancement and restoration of cultural heritage and languages with the use of cutting edge technologies including digital ; ### –conservation , safeguarding , enhancement and restoration of cultural heritage and languages with the use of cutting edge technologies , including digital , with due attention to the development and / or integration of standards .


### –modernisation of public authorities to meet citizens’ expectation regarding service provision , transparency , accessibility , openness , accountability and user centricity . ### –modernisation of public authorities to meet citizens’ expectation regarding service provision , transparency , accessibility , openness , accountability and user centricity , with due attention to the development and / or integration of standards .


### to make the digitised , circular , low - carbon and low - emission economy a reality , action is needed at eu level because of the complexity of value chains , the systemic and multi - disciplinary nature of the technologies and their high development costs , and the cross - sectoral nature of the problems to be addressed . the eu must ensure that all industrial players , and society at large , can benefit from advanced and clean technologies and digitisation . developing technologies alone will not suffice . industrially - oriented infrastructures , including pilot lines , will help set up eu businesses and in particular smes deploy these technologies and improve their innovation performance . ### to make the digitised , circular , low - carbon and low - emission economy a reality , action is needed at eu level because of the complexity of value chains , the systemic and multi - disciplinary nature of the technologies and their high development costs , and the cross - sectoral nature of the problems to be addressed . the eu must ensure that all industrial players , and society at large , can benefit from advanced and clean technologies and digitisation . developing technologies alone will not suffice . industrially - oriented infrastructures , including pilot lines , will help set up eu businesses and in particular smes deploy these technologies and improve their innovation performance . in this context , cultural and creative industries play a major role : ccis are a driving force for innovation and development of ict in europe . they operate in a constantly evolving environment dominated by the development and use of digital information and communications technology on a global scale . digital technology has brought about opportunities for the creation of different types of artistic work or practices for which that digital technology is also an essential part of the creative process .


### bringing together activities on digital , key enabling and space technologies , as well as a sustainable supply of raw materials , will allow for a more systemic approach , and a faster and more profound digital and industrial transformation . it will ensure that research and innovation in these areas feed into , and contribute to the implementation of , the eu’s policies for industry , digitisation , environment , energy and climate , circular economy , raw and advanced materials and space . ### strengthening the interaction between different sectors , industries and systems through creative spill overs and bringing together activities on digital , key enabling and space technologies , as well as a sustainable supply of raw materials , will allow for a more systemic approach , and a faster and more profound digital and industrial transformation . here , synergies between engineering and the arts can help creating digital technologies with a human touch of value to society . this will ensure that research and innovation in these areas feed into , and contribute to the implementation of , the eu’s policies for industry , digitisation , environment , energy and climate , circular economy , raw and advanced materials and space .


### to ensure industrial competitiveness and the capacity to address the global challenges ahead , the eu must reinforce and maintain its technological and industrial capacities in the key areas that underpin the transformation of our economy and society . ### to ensure industrial competitiveness and the capacity to address the societal challenges ahead , the eu must reinforce and maintain its technological and industrial capacities in the key areas that underpin the transformation of our economy and society .


### manufacturing is a key driver of employment and prosperity in the eu , producing over three quarters of the eu ' s global exports and providing over a 100 million direct and indirect jobs . the key challenge for eu manufacturing is to remain competitive at a global level with smarter and more customised products of high added value , produced at much lower energy costs . creative and cultural inputs will be vital to help generate added value . ### manufacturing is a key driver of employment and prosperity in the eu , producing over three quarters of the eu ' s global exports and providing over a 100 million direct and indirect jobs . the key challenge for eu manufacturing is to remain competitive at a global level with smarter and more customised products of high added value , produced at much lower energy costs and a reduced carbon footprint in 21st century europe , with the transition manufacturing processes and traditional value chains . creative and cultural inputs will therefore be vital to help generate added value .


### –breakthrough innovations using different enabling technologies across the value chain ; ### –breakthrough innovations using different enabling technologies supported by standardisation for easier deployment across european and global markets across the value chain ;


### maintaining and autonomously developing strong design and production capacities in essential digital technologies such as micro - and nano - electronics , photonics , software and systems , and their integration as well as advanced materials for these applications will be essential for a competitive eu . ### maintaining and autonomously developing strong design and production capacities in essential digital technologies such as micro - and nano - electronics , photonics , software and systems , their integration and standardisation , as well as advanced materials for these applications will be essential for a competitive eu .


### the eu is a global leader in advanced materials and associated processes , which make up 20% of its industry base and form the root of nearly all value chains through the transformation of raw materials . to remain competitive and meet citizens’ needs for sustainable , safe and advanced materials , the eu must improve the recyclability of materials , reduce the carbon and environmental footprint , and drive cross - sectoral industrial innovation by supporting new applications in all industry sectors . ### the eu is a global leader in advanced materials and associated processes , which make up 20% of its industry base and form the root of nearly all value chains through the transformation of raw materials . to remain competitive and meet citizens’ needs for sustainable , safe and advanced materials , the eu must improve the recyclability of materials , reduce the carbon and environmental footprint , and drive cross - sectoral industrial innovation by supporting new applications and standardisation in all industry sectors .


### making any object and device intelligent is one of the megatrends . researchers and innovators developing artificial intelligence and offering applications in robotics and other areas will be key drivers of future economic and productivity growth . many sectors including health , manufacturing , construction , and farming will use and further develop this key enabling technology , in other parts of the framework programme . developments must ensure the safety of ai - based applications , assess the risks and mitigate its potential for malicious use and unintended discrimination such as gender or racial bias . it must also be ensured that ai is developed within a framework which respects the eu ' s values and the charter of fundamental rights of the european union . ### making any object and device intelligent is one of the megatrends . researchers and innovators developing artificial intelligence and offering applications in robotics and other areas will be key drivers of future economic and productivity growth . many sectors including health , manufacturing , construction , and farming will use and further develop this key enabling technology , in other parts of the framework programme . developments must ensure the safety of ai - based applications , for which standards will be key , assess the risks and mitigate its potential for malicious use and unintended discrimination such as gender or racial bias . it must also be ensured that ai is developed within a framework which respects the eu ' s values and the charter of fundamental rights of the european union .


### making any object and device intelligent is one of the megatrends . researchers and innovators developing artificial intelligence and offering applications in robotics and other areas will be key drivers of future economic and productivity growth . many sectors including health , manufacturing , construction , and farming will use and further develop this key enabling technology , in other parts of the framework programme . developments must ensure the safety of ai - based applications , assess the risks and mitigate its potential for malicious use and unintended discrimination such as gender or racial bias . it must also be ensured that ai is developed within a framework which respects the eu ' s values and the charter of fundamental rights of the european union . ### making any object and device intelligent is one of the megatrends . researchers and innovators developing artificial intelligence and offering applications in robotics and other areas will be key drivers of future economic and productivity growth . many sectors including health , manufacturing , construction , and farming will use and further develop this key enabling technology , in other parts of the framework programme . developments must ensure the safety of ai - based applications for which standards will be key , assess the risks and mitigate its potential for malicious use and unintended discrimination such as gender or racial bias . it must also be ensured that ai is developed within a framework which respects the eu ' s values and the charter of fundamental rights of the european union .


### the internet has become a key enabler of the digital transformation of all sectors of our economy and society . the eu needs to take the lead in driving the next generation internet towards a human - centric ecosystem in line with our social and ethical values . investing in technologies and software for the next generation internet will improve eu industrial competitiveness in the global economy . optimising eu wide take up will require large - scale cooperation across stakeholders . ### the internet has become a key enabler of the digital transformation of all sectors of our economy , the culture and creative industries in particular , and society . the eu needs to take the lead in driving the next generation internet towards a human - centric ecosystem in line with our social and ethical values . investing in technologies and software for the next generation internet will improve eu industrial competitiveness in the global economy . optimising eu wide take up will require large - scale cooperation across stakeholders .


### the internet has become a key enabler of the digital transformation of all sectors of our economy and society . the eu needs to take the lead in driving the next generation internet towards a human - centric ecosystem in line with our social and ethical values . investing in technologies and software for the next generation internet will improve eu industrial competitiveness in the global economy . optimising eu wide take up will require large - scale cooperation across stakeholders . ### the internet has become a key enabler of the digital transformation of all sectors of our economy and society . the eu needs to take the lead in driving the next generation internet towards a human - centric ecosystem in line with our social and ethical values . investing in technologies and software for the next generation internet will improve eu industrial competitiveness in the global economy . optimising eu wide take up will require large - scale cooperation across stakeholders and the development of european and international standardisation .


### –big data : extreme - performance data analytics ; ' privacy by design ' in the analysis of personal and confidential big data ; technologies for full - scale data platforms for re - use of industrial , personal and open data ; data management , interoperability and linking tools ; data applications for global challenges ; ### –big data : extreme - performance data analytics ; ' privacy by design ' in the analysis of personal and confidential big data ; technologies for full - scale data platforms for re - use of industrial , personal and open data ; data management , interoperability and linking tools ; data applications for societal challenges ;


### primary raw materials will continue to play an important role in the circular economy and attention must be paid to their sustainable production . in addition , entirely new materials , products and processes should be designed for circularity . building a circular industry will have several advantages for europe : it will lead to a secure , sustainable and affordable supply of raw materials , which will in turn protect the industry against scarcity of resources and price volatility . it will also create new business opportunities and innovative , more efficient ways of producing . ### primary raw materials will continue to play an important role in the circular economy and attention must be paid to their sustainable production . in addition , entirely new materials , products and processes should be designed for circularity with the support of standards . building a circular industry will have several advantages for europe : it will lead to a secure , sustainable and affordable supply of raw materials , which will in turn protect the industry against scarcity of resources and price volatility . it will also create new business opportunities and innovative , more efficient ways of producing .


### primary raw materials will continue to play an important role in the circular economy and attention must be paid to their sustainable production . in addition , entirely new materials , products and processes should be designed for circularity . building a circular industry will have several advantages for europe : it will lead to a secure , sustainable and affordable supply of raw materials , which will in turn protect the industry against scarcity of resources and price volatility . it will also create new business opportunities and innovative , more efficient ways of producing . ### primary raw materials will continue to play an important role in the circular economy and attention must be paid to their sustainable production and security of their supply . in addition , entirely new materials , products and processes should be designed for circularity . building a circular industry will have several advantages for europe : it will lead to a secure , sustainable and affordable supply of raw materials , which will in turn protect the industry against scarcity of resources and price volatility . it will also create new business opportunities and innovative , more efficient ways of producing .


### –products for enhanced life - cycle performance , durability , upgradeability and ease of repair , dismantling and recycling ; ### –systematic design of products for enhanced life - cycle performance , durability , upgradeability and ease of repair , dismantling and recycling ;


### breakthrough technologies to achieve significant reductions in greenhouse gases and pollutants , often combined with the technologies for circular industry above , will lead to strong industrial value chains , revolutionise manufacturing capacities and improve the global competitiveness of industry ; and at the same time make key contributions to our targets for climate action and environmental quality . ### large - scale breakthrough technologies to achieve significant reductions in greenhouse gases and pollutants , which may be combined with technologies for circular industry above , will lead to strong industrial value chains , revolutionise manufacturing capacities and at the same time make key contributions to our targets for climate action and environmental quality , while a strong focus has to be placed on the global competitiveness of industry .


### breakthrough technologies to achieve significant reductions in greenhouse gases and pollutants , often combined with the technologies for circular industry above , will lead to strong industrial value chains , revolutionise manufacturing capacities and improve the global competitiveness of industry ; and at the same time make key contributions to our targets for climate action and environmental quality . ### breakthrough technologies to achieve significant reductions in greenhouse gases and pollutants , including technologies of energy supply , energy systems , energy grids and energy storage , often combined with the technologies for circular industry above and the introduction of new and modified feedstock , will lead to strong industrial value chains , revolutionize manufacturing capacities and improve the global competitiveness of industry ; and at the same time make key contributions to our targets for climate action and environmental quality .


### –process technologies , including heating and cooling , digital tools and large - scale demonstrations for process performance and efficiency ; substantial reductions or avoidance of industrial emissions of greenhouse gases and pollutants , including particulate matter ; ### –process technologies , including heating and cooling , digital tools and large - scale demonstrations for process performance and efficiency ; substantial reductions or avoidance of industrial emissions of greenhouse gases and pollutants , including particulate matter , with due attention to standardisation ;


### –secure satellite communications for eu governmental actors : solutions for the widest possible range of governmental users and associated user equipment in architectural , technological and system solutions for space infrastructure , supporting the eu’s autonomy ; ### –secure , quantum - safe satellite communications for eu governmental actors : solutions for the widest possible range of governmental users and associated user equipment in architectural , technological and system solutions for space infrastructure , supporting the eu’s autonomy ;


### the issues faced by the transport and energy sectors go however beyond the need for emission reduction . there are several challenges to be tackled , including the increasing penetration of digital and space - based technologies , changes in user behaviour and mobility patterns , new market entrants and disruptive business models , globalisation , increasing international competition and an older , more urban and increasingly diverse , population . ### the issues faced by the transport and energy sectors go however beyond the need for emission reduction . there are several challenges to be tackled , including the increasing penetration of digital and space - based technologies , changes in user behaviour and mobility patterns , new market entrants and disruptive business models , globalisation , increasing international competition and an older , more urban and increasingly diverse population , as well as a rural and suburban population which is being isolated and needs accessible transport .


### the intersection of research and innovation on climate , energy and mobility will address in a highly integrated and effective way , one of the most important global challenges for the sustainability and future of our environment and way of life . ### the intersection of research and innovation on digital , energy and mobility will address in a highly integrated and effective way , one of the most important global challenges for the sustainability and future of our . . . . way of life .


### both sectors are major drivers of europe ' s economic competitiveness and growth . the eu has upwards of 1 . 6 million people working in the field of renewables and energy efficiency . transportation and the storage sectors employ more than 11 million in the eu , accounting for around 5% of gdp and 20% of exports . the eu is a world leader in vehicle , aircraft and vessel design and manufacturing , while patenting of innovative clean energy technologies places the eu in second place worldwide . ### both sectors are major drivers of europe ' s economic competitiveness and growth . the eu has upwards of 1 . 6 million people working in the field of renewables and energy efficiency . transportation and the storage sectors employ more than 11 million in the eu , accounting for around 5% of gdp and 20% of exports . the eu is a world leader in vehicle , aircraft and vessel design and manufacturing , while patenting of innovative clean energy technologies places the eu in second place worldwide . technologies to advance the sector coupling such as power - to - gas - technologies have the potential to strengthen the domestic manufacturing industry .


### activities under this cluster contribute in particular to the goals of the energy union , as well as to those of the digital single market , the jobs , growth and investment agenda , the strengthening of the eu as a global actor , the new eu industrial policy strategy , the circular economy , the raw materials initiative , the security union and the urban agenda , as well as the common agricultural policy of the eu as well as eu legal provisions to reduce noise and air pollution . ### activities under this cluster contribute in particular to the union’s commitments under the paris agreement , the goals of the energy union , as well as to those of the digital single market , the jobs , growth and investment agenda , the strengthening of the eu as a global actor , the new eu industrial policy strategy , the circular economy , the raw materials initiative , the security union and the urban agenda , as well as the common agricultural policy of the eu as well as eu legal provisions to reduce noise and air pollution .


### maintaining and autonomously developing strong design and production capacities in essential digital technologies such as micro - and nano - electronics , photonics , software and systems , and their integration as well as advanced materials for these applications will be essential for a competitive eu . ### effective implementation of the paris agreement has to be based on science , requiring continuously updating of our knowledge on the climate - earth system , as well as the mitigation and adaptations options available , allowing for a systemic and comprehensive picture of challenges and opportunities for the eu ' s economy . on this basis , science - based solutions for a cost - effective transition to a low - carbon , climate - resilient and resource - efficient society will be developed .


### effective implementation of the paris agreement has to be based on science , requiring continuously updating of our knowledge on the climate - earth system , as well as the mitigation and adaptations options available , allowing for a systemic and comprehensive picture of challenges and opportunities for the eu ' s economy . on this basis , science - based solutions for a cost - effective transition to a low - carbon , climate - resilient and resource - efficient society will be developed . ### maintaining and autonomously developing strong design and production capacities in essential digital technologies such as micro - and nano - electronics , photonics , software and systems , and their integration as well as advanced materials for these applications will be essential for a competitive eu .


### the eu aims to be world leader in affordable , secure and sustainable energy technologies improving its competitiveness in global value chains and its position in growth markets . diverse climatic , geographical , environmental and socio - economic conditions in the eu as well as the need to ensure energy security and access to raw materials , dictate a broad portfolio of energy solutions , including of non - technical nature . as regards renewable energy technologies , costs need to decrease further , performance must improve , integration into the energy system must be improved and breakthrough technologies need to be developed . as regards fossil fuels , decarbonising their usage will be essential to meet the climate objectives . ### the eu aims to be world leader in affordable , secure and sustainable energy technologies improving its competitiveness in global value chains and its position in growth markets . diverse climatic , geographical , environmental and socio - economic conditions in the eu as well as the need to ensure energy security and access to raw materials , dictate a broad portfolio of energy solutions , including of non - technical nature and the need to revise and develop european and international standards . as regards renewable energy technologies , costs need to decrease further , performance must improve , integration into the energy system must be improved and breakthrough technologies need to be developed . as regards fossil fuels , decarbonising their usage will be essential to meet the climate objectives .


### –renewable energy technologies and solutions for power generation , heating and cooling , sustainable transport fuels and intermediate carriers , at various scales and development stages , adapted to geographic conditions and markets , both within the eu and worldwide ; ### –renewable energy technologies and solutions for power generation , hydrogen production , industrial process heating and cooling , sustainable transport fuels as cng and lng and intermediate carriers , at various scales and development stages , adapted to geographic conditions and markets , both within the eu and worldwide ; focus on economic efficiency for decarbonisation technologies , such as power - to - gas , that is in an advanced development stage and can be brought to market maturity cost efficiently ;


### –renewable energy technologies and solutions for power generation , heating and cooling , sustainable transport fuels and intermediate carriers , at various scales and development stages , adapted to geographic conditions and markets , both within the eu and worldwide ; ### –renewable energy technologies , including marine energy and its different sub - sectors and solutions for power generation , heating and cooling , sustainable transport fuels and intermediate carriers , at various scales and development stages , adapted to geographic conditions and markets , both within the eu and worldwide ;


### the expected growth of variable electricity production and shift towards more electric heating , cooling and transport dictates the need for new approaches to manage energy grids . next to decarbonisation , the goal is to ensure energy affordability , security and stability of supply , achieved through investments in innovative network infrastructure technologies and innovative system management . energy storage in different forms will play a key role in providing services to the grid , also improving and reinforcing network capacities . exploiting synergies between different networks and actors will be crucial for enabling the smart , integrated operation of the relevant infrastructures . ### the expected growth of variable electricity production and shift towards more electric and hydrogen heating , cooling and transport dictates the need for new approaches to manage energy grids . next to decarbonisation , the goal is to ensure energy affordability , security and stability of supply , achieved through investments in innovative network infrastructure technologies and innovative system management . energy storage in different forms will play a key role in providing services to the grid , also improving and reinforcing network capacities . exploiting synergies between different networks and actors will be crucial for enabling the smart , integrated operation of the relevant infrastructures . it is important to highlight that fuel cell hydrogen technologies have a huge potential to create high skilled jobs and growth in the union . this process will be accelerated by relevant public - private partnerships to be establish in horizon europe .


### the expected growth of variable electricity production and shift towards more electric heating , cooling and transport dictates the need for new approaches to manage energy grids . next to decarbonisation , the goal is to ensure energy affordability , security and stability of supply , achieved through investments in innovative network infrastructure technologies and innovative system management . energy storage in different forms will play a key role in providing services to the grid , also improving and reinforcing network capacities . exploiting synergies between different networks and actors will be crucial for enabling the smart , integrated operation of the relevant infrastructures . ### the expected growth of variable electricity production and shift towards more electric and hydrogen heating , cooling and transport and the increasing importance of sector coupling and flexibility options dictates the need for new approaches to manage energy grids . next to decarbonisation , the goal is to ensure energy affordability , security and stability of supply , achieved through investments in innovative network infrastructure technologies and innovative system management . energy storage in different forms will play a key role in providing services to the grid , also improving and reinforcing network capacities . exploiting synergies between different networks and actors will be crucial for enabling the smart , integrated operation of the relevant infrastructures and for the successful implementation of sector coupling .


### the expected growth of variable electricity production and shift towards more electric heating , cooling and transport dictates the need for new approaches to manage energy grids . next to decarbonisation , the goal is to ensure energy affordability , security and stability of supply , achieved through investments in innovative network infrastructure technologies and innovative system management . energy storage in different forms will play a key role in providing services to the grid , also improving and reinforcing network capacities . exploiting synergies between different networks and actors will be crucial for enabling the smart , integrated operation of the relevant infrastructures . ### the expected growth of variable electricity production and shift towards more electric heating , cooling , production of hydrogen and transport dictates the need for new approaches to manage energy grids . next to decarbonisation , the goal is to ensure energy affordability , security and stability of supply , achieved through investments in innovative network infrastructure technologies , increased flexibility of dispatchable power generation and innovative system management . energy storage in different forms will play a key role in providing services to the grid , also improving and reinforcing network capacities . exploiting synergies between different networks and actors will be crucial for enabling the smart , integrated operation of the relevant infrastructures .


### –technologies and tools for electricity networks to integrate renewables and new loads such as electro - mobility and heat pumps ; ### –technologies and tools for existing networks to integrate renewables and new loads such as electro - mobility , electrolysers , fuel cells and heat pumps and store and transport the increasing decentralized renewable energies by using gas as a key element for a cost efficient , secure , low - carbon and affordable energy system ;


### –network flexibility and synergies between the different energy sources , networks , infrastructures and actors ; ### –network flexibility and synergies between the different energy sources , networks , infrastructures and actors by sector coupling technologies in order to facilitate storage and transport potentials of energy that lead to increased flexibility and supply reliability ;


### –network flexibility and synergies between the different energy sources , networks , infrastructures and actors ; ### –network and generation flexibility and synergies between the different energy sources , networks , infrastructures and actors ;


### buildings and industry installations play an increasingly active role in their interaction with the energy system . therefore , they are crucial elements in the transition to renewable energy . ### buildings installations play an increasingly active role in their interaction with the energy system . therefore , they are crucial elements in the transition to renewable energy .


### buildings are an important factor for quality of life of citizens . integrating different technologies , appliances and systems and linking various energy uses , buildings as well as their inhabitants and users represent a very high potential for energy generation , storage and efficiency improvements . ### buildings are an important factor for quality of life of citizens . integrating different technologies , appliances and systems and linking various energy uses , buildings as well as their inhabitants and users represent a very high potential for energy generation , storage and efficiency improvements . in doing so , the social compatibility and economic efficiency of activities for homeowners and tenants must always be maintained .


### buildings are an important factor for quality of life of citizens . integrating different technologies , appliances and systems and linking various energy uses , buildings as well as their inhabitants and users represent a very high potential for energy generation , storage and efficiency improvements . ### buildings are an important factor for quality of life of citizens . integrating different technologies , appliances , systems and standards and linking various energy uses , buildings as well as their inhabitants and users represent a very high potential for energy generation , storage and efficiency improvements .


### –buildings life - cycle design , construction , operation and dismantling , taking into account circularity and environmental performance , for energy and resource efficiency , climate resilience , and recycling ; ### –buildings life - cycle design , construction , operation and dismantling , taking into account economic efficiency , social compatibility and circularity and environmental performance , for energy and resource efficiency , climate resilience , and recycling ;


### –energy performance of buildings monitoring and optimisation ; ### –– energy performance of buildings including the tourism accommodation monitoring and optimisation ;


### –urban planning , infrastructures and systems including mutual interfaces and interoperability , nature - based solutions and the use of digital technologies and space based services and data , taking into account the effects of projected climate change and integrate climate resilience ; ### –urban planning , infrastructures and systems including mutual interfaces and interoperability , standardisation , nature - based solutions and the use of digital technologies and space based services and data , taking into account the effects of projected climate change and integrate climate resilience ;


### –quality of life for the citizens , safe mobility , urban social innovation , cities ' circular and regenerative capacity , reduced environmental footprint and pollution ; ### –quality of life for the citizens and visitors , safe mobility , urban social innovation , cities ' circular and regenerative capacity , reduced environmental footprint and pollution ; smart destinations ;


### –vehicle / vessel / aircraft concepts and designs , including their spare parts , using improved materials and structures , efficiency , energy storage and recovery , safety and security features with less environment and health impact . ### –vehicle / vessel / aircraft concepts and designs , as the shipyard 4 . 0 . , including their spare parts , using improved advanced materials and structures , advanced security systems against piracy and modular elements including the associated industrial processes , efficiency , energy storage and recovery , safety and security features with less environment and health impact


### for the eu to reach its air quality , climate , and energy goals , including a 60% reduction in green - house gas emissions by 2050 as well as noise reduction , will require rethinking the whole mobility system including users , vehicles , fuels and infrastructures . it will also require the deployment of low - emission alternative energies and market uptake of zero - emission vehicles / vessels / aircrafts . in addition to the harmful effects of greenhouse gas emissions , transport contributes significantly to poor air quality and noise in europe with negative consequences for the health of citizens18 . building on progress with electrification and the use of fuel cells for cars , buses and light duty vehicles it is essential to accelerate research and innovation solutions for other sectors such as aviation , maritime and inland navigation and lorries . _________________ 18 around one - third of eu citizens live in urban areas with concentration levels of pollutants above legal thresholds ### for the eu to reach its air quality , climate , and energy goals , including a 60% reduction in green - house gas emissions by 2050 as well as noise reduction , will require rethinking the whole mobility system including users , vehicles , fuels and infrastructures . it will also require the deployment of low - emission alternative energies and market uptake of zero - emission vehicles / vessels / aircrafts . in addition to the harmful effects of greenhouse gas emissions , transport contributes significantly to poor air quality and noise in europe with negative consequences for the health of citizens18 . building on progress with electrification , hydrogen technologies , biofuels and biogas , the use of fuel cells , the improvement of combustion engines and their adaptation to renewable fuels and other sustainable powertrain technologies for cars , buses and light duty vehicles it is essential to accelerate research and innovation solutions for other sectors such as aviation , maritime and inland navigation and lorries . _________________ 18 around one - third of eu citizens live in urban areas with concentration levels of pollutants above legal thresholds


### for the eu to reach its air quality , climate , and energy goals , including a 60% reduction in green - house gas emissions by 2050 as well as noise reduction , will require rethinking the whole mobility system including users , vehicles , fuels and infrastructures . it will also require the deployment of low - emission alternative energies and market uptake of zero - emission vehicles / vessels / aircrafts . in addition to the harmful effects of greenhouse gas emissions , transport contributes significantly to poor air quality and noise in europe with negative consequences for the health of citizens18 . building on progress with electrification and the use of fuel cells for cars , buses and light duty vehicles it is essential to accelerate research and innovation solutions for other sectors such as aviation , maritime and inland navigation and lorries . _________________ 18 around one - third of eu citizens live in urban areas with concentration levels of pollutants above legal thresholds ### for the eu to reach its air quality , climate , and energy goals , including a 60% reduction in green - house gas emissions by 2050 as well as noise reduction , will require rethinking the whole mobility system including users , vehicles , fuels , co2 measure schemes and infrastructures . it will also require the deployment of low - emission alternative energies and market uptake of low or zero - emission vehicles / vessels / aircrafts . in addition to the harmful effects of greenhouse gas emissions , transport contributes significantly to poor air quality and noise in europe with negative consequences for the health of citizens18 . building on progress with the production and use of alternative fuels , electrification and the use of fuel cells for cars , buses and light duty vehicles it is essential to accelerate research and innovation solutions for other sectors such as aviation , maritime and inland navigation and lorries . _________________ 18 around one - third of eu citizens live in urban areas with concentration levels of pollutants above legal thresholds


### for the eu to reach its air quality , climate , and energy goals , including a 60% reduction in green - house gas emissions by 2050 as well as noise reduction , will require rethinking the whole mobility system including users , vehicles , fuels and infrastructures . it will also require the deployment of low - emission alternative energies and market uptake of zero - emission vehicles / vessels / aircrafts . in addition to the harmful effects of greenhouse gas emissions , transport contributes significantly to poor air quality and noise in europe with negative consequences for the health of citizens18 . building on progress with electrification and the use of fuel cells for cars , buses and light duty vehicles it is essential to accelerate research and innovation solutions for other sectors such as aviation , maritime and inland navigation and lorries . _________________ 18 around one - third of eu citizens live in urban areas with concentration levels of pollutants above legal thresholds ### for the eu to reach its air quality , climate , and energy goals , including a 60% reduction in green - house gas emissions by 2050 as well as noise reduction , will require rethinking the whole mobility system including users , vehicles , fuels and infrastructures . it will also require the deployment of low - emission alternative energies and market uptake of zero - emission vehicles / vessels / aircrafts and the development of european and international standardisation . in addition to the harmful effects of greenhouse gas emissions , transport contributes significantly to poor air quality and noise in europe with negative consequences for the health of citizens18 . building on progress with electrification and the use of fuel cells for cars , buses and light duty vehicles it is essential to accelerate research and innovation solutions for other sectors such as aviation , maritime and inland navigation and lorries . _________________ 18 around one - third of eu citizens live in urban areas with concentration levels of pollutants above legal thresholds