### m. whereas agriculture is the largest consumer of the world’s freshwater resources and 41% irrigation worldwide occurs at the expense of ecosystems; whereas 33% of arable land is used to grow fodder to feed livestock; ### m. whereas agriculture is the largest consumer of the world’s freshwater resources and where rain fall is insufficient , supplemental irrigation provides essential soil moisture and , thus , increases water productivity , with a potential increase of global cereal production by 35% , the largest potential being in africa and asia , as suggested by the fao 2020 report on “the state of food and agriculture , overcoming water challenges in agriculture”;9a whereas the same report suggests that food productivity and rural incomes10a can be significantly enhanced through investments in new irrigation systems or the habilitation and modernization of existing ones , and this should be combined with improved water management practices including improved agricultural practices , such as the use of drought-tolerant varieties; whereas irrigation covers only 20% of the total land use for agriculture , but supports 40% of global food and fodder output , and 55% of output value;11a


### n. whereas the energy sector is currently responsible for 10% of global water extraction and its water consumption is expected to rise by almost 60% by 2040; ### deleted


### n. whereas the energy sector is currently responsible for 10% of global water extraction and its water consumption is expected to rise by almost 60% by 2040; ### n. whereas the energy sector represents 10% of global water extraction and its water consumption is expected to rise by almost 60% by 2040;


### o. whereas the extractive industries have contributed to the overexploitation of surface and groundwater resources , pollution and the destruction of glaciers , forests , wetlands , rivers and other vital water sources for human consumption; ### o. whereas more efficient and sustainable methods and processes should be implemented in the extractive sector to avoid overexploitation of surface and groundwater resources , as well as high levels of pollution and serious impact on glaciers , forests , wetlands , rivers and other vital water sources for human consumption; whereas economic incentives would create opportunities for more efficient use of energy and water resources among these businesses;12a


### o. whereas the extractive industries have contributed to the overexploitation of surface and groundwater resources , pollution and the destruction of glaciers , forests , wetlands , rivers and other vital water sources for human consumption; ### o. whereas the abusive and often illegal extractive industries have contributed to the overexploitation of surface and groundwater resources , pollution and the destruction of glaciers , forests , wetlands , rivers and other vital water sources for human consumption;


### o. whereas the extractive industries have contributed to the overexploitation of surface and groundwater resources , pollution and the destruction of glaciers , forests , wetlands , rivers and other vital water sources for human consumption; ### o. whereas the extractive industries have considerable impact on the surface and groundwater resources , pollution and the destruction of glaciers , forests , wetlands , rivers and other vital water sources for human consumption;


### p. whereas the textile industry counts among the sectors that consume the most water in the world , and whereas apparel and textiles are produced in some of the world’s most water-scarce regions; whereas this industry is ranked as the second most polluting in the world and a large part of that pollution ends up in bodies of water; ### p. whereas the garment and textile industries is one of the biggest employers worldwide , with 150 million people’s lives touched by the global apparel industry , that is to say 1 in 6 people on the planet working in the global fashion supply chains , being 75% of them women;13a whereas it is among the sectors that consume the most water in the world , and apparel and textiles are produced in some of the world’s most water-scarce regions; whereas this industry is ranked as the second most polluting in the world and a large part of that pollution ends up in bodies of water;


### p. whereas the textile industry counts among the sectors that consume the most water in the world , and whereas apparel and textiles are produced in some of the world's most water-scarce regions; whereas this industry is ranked as the second most polluting in the world and a large part of that pollution ends up in bodies of water; ### p. whereas the textile industry counts among the sectors that consume the most water in the world , and whereas apparel and textiles are produced in some of the world's most water-scarce regions; whereas this industry is ranked as the second most polluting in the world and a large part of that pollution ends up in bodies of water; whereas the commission plans to adopt , in the first quarter of 2022 , the ‘eu strategy for sustainable textiles’ , which sets out to help the eu to move towards a circular economy in which textile products are designed to last longer and be reusable , repairable , recyclable and energy efficient;


### q. whereas the growing demand for water is causing water resources to be overexploited and water’s scarcity has made it a disputed resource; whereas , according to the un , conflicts over water are expected in some 300 areas across the world; ### q. whereas the growing demand for water is causing water resources to be strained and water’s scarcity has made it a disputed resource; whereas , according to the un , conflicts over water are expected in some 300 areas across the world;


### q. whereas the growing demand for water is causing water resources to be overexploited and water’s scarcity has made it a disputed resource; whereas , according to the un , conflicts over water are expected in some 300 areas across the world; ### q. whereas the growing demand for water is causing water resources to be overexploited and water’s scarcity has made it a disputed resource; whereas 263 transboundary lake and river basins cover almost half of the earth’s surface , 145 states have territory in these basins , and 30 countries lie entirely within them; whereas there are approximately 300 transboundary aquifers , helping to serve the 2 billion people who depend on groundwater; whereas around two-thirds of the world’s transboundary rivers do not have a cooperative management framework;14a whereas , according to the un , conflicts over water are expected in some 300 areas across the world;


### r. whereas the preservation of water resources is under attack and has been made a criminal offence in many countries; whereas in recent years water has become a disputed resource in many countries; ### r. whereas environmental legislation in some countries criminalises certain actions that substantially damages the quality of water , as for example , the directive 2008/99/ec of the european parliament and of the council of 19 november 2008 on the protection of the environment through criminal law;15a


### s. whereas , according to global witness , more than a third of the land and environmental defenders murdered worldwide between 2015 and 2019 belonged to indigenous communities , whose land and water management skills are crucial in combating the climate crisis and biodiversity loss; ### s. whereas , according to global witness , more than a third of the land and environmental defenders murdered worldwide between 2015 and 2019 belonged to indigenous communities , whose land and water management skills are important in combating the climate crisis and biodiversity loss;


### t. whereas denying access to water and destroying water infrastructure have been used as an essential tactic by occupying powers to annex occupied territories and displace people from their lands; ### t. whereas the intentional deprivation of water leading to the extermination of civilians is a crime against humanity (articles 7.1 and 7.2.b of the icc statute) and may constitute genocide if the victims form a national , ethnical , racial or religious group (article 6.c of the icc statute); whereas it may also be considered as a war crime under article 8(2)(b)(xxv) of the 1998 icc statute , as any attack or destruction to drinking water installations and supplies and irrigation works is banned by article 54(2) of the 1977 additional protocol i and article 14 of the 1977 additional protocol ii to the 1949 geneva conventions;


### v. whereas since 6 december 2020 water has been traded on the wall street commodities futures market; whereas , in the words of pedro arrojo , un special rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation , ‘water has a set of vital values for our society that the market logic does not recognise and therefore , cannot manage adequately , let alone in a financial space so prone to speculation’; whereas the un has warned that trading water on the wall street futures market is in breach of basic human rights; ### v. whereas since 6 december 2020 water has been traded on the wall street commodities futures market; whereas , in the words of pedro arrojo , un special rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation , ‘water has a set of vital values for our society that the market logic does not recognise and therefore , cannot manage adequately , let alone in a financial space so prone to speculation’;


### 1. reaffirms the right to safe drinking water and sanitation as a human right , which is in turn fundamental for the development of other rights , and as such must be guided by a logic grounded in the public interest and common good; ### 1. reaffirms the right to safe drinking water and sanitation as a human right , which guarantees access to water for personal and domestic use , as is essential for the development of human dignity; highlights the fact that the right to water is a fundamental precondition for the enjoyment of other rights , and as such must be guided by a logic grounded in the public interest and common good;


### 1. reaffirms that access to water is a vital imperative and a fundamental right; ### 1. reaffirms that access to safe , clean , accessible and affordable water is a vital imperative and a fundamental right;


### 1. reaffirms that access to water is a vital imperative and a fundamental right; ### 1. reaffirms that access to water is a vital imperative and a fundamental right , in the context of the 64/292 resolution of the un general assembly;


### 2. underlines that enshrining the right to safe drinking water and sanitation as a human right was a crucial milestone on the road to greater social and environmental justice; affirms , however , that progress in access to these rights is hampered by the low political priority given to the sector , poor implementation and monitoring of policies , underfunding , lack of accountability and gaps in public participation , particularly among the most marginalised in society; ### 2. underlines that enshrining the right to safe drinking water and sanitation as a human right was a crucial milestone on the road to greater social and environmental justice;


### 2. underlines that enshrining the right to safe drinking water and sanitation as a human right was a crucial milestone on the road to greater social and environmental justice; affirms , however , that progress in access to these rights is hampered by the low political priority given to the sector , poor implementation and monitoring of policies , underfunding , lack of accountability and gaps in public participation , particularly among the most marginalised in society; ### 2. underlines that enshrining the right to safe drinking water and sanitation as a human right was a crucial milestone on the road to greater social and environmental justice; affirms that progress could be improved by putting it higher in political priority given to the sector , better implementation and monitoring of policies , more efficient funding , accountability and public participation , particularly among the most marginalised in society;


### 2. underlines that enshrining the right to safe drinking water and sanitation as a human right was a crucial milestone on the road to greater social and environmental justice; affirms , however , that progress in access to these rights is hampered by the low political priority given to the sector , poor implementation and monitoring of policies , underfunding , lack of accountability and gaps in public participation , particularly among the most marginalised in society; ### 2. underlines that enshrining the right to safe drinking water and sanitation as a human right was a crucial milestone on the road to greater social and environmental justice; affirms , however , that progress in access to these rights is hampered by the low political priority given to the sector , poor implementation and monitoring of policies , underfunding , lack of accountability and gaps in public participation , particularly among the most marginalised in society , in particular in developing countries;


### 2. calls on the european union to promote a rights-based approach to access to water and sanitation in its external action in accordance with the un-declared water action decade 2018-2028 , and in keeping with sustainable development goal 6; ### 2. calls on the european union to promote a rights-based approach to access to water and sanitation in its external action in accordance with the un-declared water action decade 2018-2028 , and in keeping with sustainable development goal 6 , while progress on delivering safe drinking water to all is threatened by the lack of infrastructure , financing required to deliver , by the competing demands from industry and agriculture and climate change;


### 3. recalls the responsibility of states to promote and safeguard all human rights; reiterates , therefore , that states must ensure universal access to safe drinking water in sufficient quantity and quality; ### 3. recalls the responsibility of states to promote and safeguard all human rights; reiterates , therefore , that states must ensure the affordability of universal access to safe drinking water in sufficient quantity and quality;


### 3. recalls the responsibility of states to promote and safeguard all human rights; reiterates , therefore , that states must ensure universal access to safe drinking water in sufficient quantity and quality; ### 3. recalls the responsibility of states to promote and safeguard all human rights; reiterates , therefore , that states must ensure proper access to safe drinking water in sufficient quantity and quality;


### 3. recalls the responsibility of states to promote and safeguard all human rights; reiterates , therefore , that states must ensure universal access to safe drinking water in sufficient quantity and quality; ### 3. recalls the responsibility of states to promote and safeguard all human rights; reiterates , therefore , that states must ensure universal access to safe drinking water and water for sanitation and hygienic purposes in sufficient quantity and quality;


### 3. is concerned that easy access to drinking water is severely restricted in developing countries (only one person in two enjoys such access) and extremely limited in sub-saharan africa (only one person in eight in rural areas); ### 3. is concerned that easy access to drinking water is severely restricted in developing countries (only one person in two enjoys such access) and extremely limited in sub-saharan africa (only one person in eight in rural areas); calls on the eu to ensure the progressive realization of the human right to safe drinking water and sanitation for all in a non-discriminatory manner while eliminating inequalities in access for vulnerable and marginalized groups;


### 4. recalls that states that ratify a human rights treaty undertake to protect , respect and fulfil the commitments adopted in the international , regional and national framework for the protection of these rights; takes the view in this regard that the international community’s recognition of the right to water and sanitation must encompass protection and enforceability arrangements and , therefore , calls on the eu to promote protection mechanisms at international , regional and national level to ensure that upholding the right to water and sanitation is not optional for states but rather an enforceable right; ### 4. recalls that states that ratify a human rights treaty undertake to protect , respect and fulfil the commitments adopted in the international , regional and national framework for the protection of these rights; takes the view in this regard that the international community’s recognition of the right to water and sanitation must encompass protection and enforceability arrangements and , therefore , calls on the eu to promote protection mechanisms at international level to ensure that upholding the right to water and sanitation is not optional for states but rather an enforceable right;


### 4. recalls that states that ratify a human rights treaty undertake to protect , respect and fulfil the commitments adopted in the international , regional and national framework for the protection of these rights; takes the view in this regard that the international community’s recognition of the right to water and sanitation must encompass protection and enforceability arrangements and , therefore , calls on the eu to promote protection mechanisms at international , regional and national level to ensure that upholding the right to water and sanitation is not optional for states but rather an enforceable right; ### 4. recalls that states that ratify a human rights treaty undertake to protect , respect and fulfil the commitments adopted in the international , regional , national and local framework for the protection of these rights; takes the view in this regard that the international community’s recognition of the right to water and sanitation must encompass protection and enforceability arrangements and , therefore , calls on the eu to promote protection mechanisms at international , regional and national level to ensure that upholding the right to water and sanitation is not optional for states but rather an enforceable right;


### 4. recalls that states that ratify a human rights treaty undertake to protect , respect and fulfil the commitments adopted in the international , regional and national framework for the protection of these rights; takes the view in this regard that the international community’s recognition of the right to water and sanitation must encompass protection and enforceability arrangements and , therefore , calls on the eu to promote protection mechanisms at international , regional and national level to ensure that upholding the right to water and sanitation is not optional for states but rather an enforceable right; ### 4. recalls that states that ratify a human rights treaty undertake to protect , respect and fulfil the commitments adopted in the international , regional and national framework for the protection of these rights; takes the view in this regard that the international community’s recognition of the right to water and sanitation must encompass protection and enforceability arrangements and , therefore , calls on the eu to promote protection mechanisms at international , regional and national level to ensure that upholding the right to water and sanitation is not optional for states but rather an enforceable right; recalls that the right to water means that water supply services must be affordable for all and that nobody should be deprived of access to them;


### 4. calls urgently , following the covid-19 pandemic and given the increasing number of climate change-related natural disasters , for access to water and sanitation to be made a priority in developing countries , in particular in the least developed countries and small island developing states; ### 4. points out that clean water , good hygiene and sanitation services are crucial for sustainable growth and to build the resilience of the most vulnerable communities; is of the opinion that access to these basic services is an essential element of the fight against the impacts of climate change as well as covid-19 pandemic; calls urgently , given the increasing number of climate change-related natural disasters , for access to water and sanitation to be made a priority in developing countries , in particular in the least developed countries and small island developing states , as it is one of the key element of human development;


### 5. maintains that the full exercise of the right to water depends on the preservation of biodiversity , and therefore demands that water management should respond primarily to environmental and social interests and not to those of the various sectors of the economy; ### 5. demands that water management should respond primarily to environmental and social interests , including labour integration and increasing the incomes and safety conditions of people in poverty and not only to those of the various sectors of the economy;


### 5. maintains that the full exercise of the right to water depends on the preservation of biodiversity , and therefore demands that water management should respond primarily to environmental and social interests and not to those of the various sectors of the economy; ### 5. maintains that the full exercise of the right to water depends on the preservation of biodiversity , and therefore believes that proper water management can greatly improve environmental and social interests;


### 5. maintains that the full exercise of the right to water depends on the preservation of biodiversity , and therefore demands that water management should respond primarily to environmental and social interests and not to those of the various sectors of the economy; ### 5. maintains that the full exercise of the right to water depends on the preservation of biodiversity , and therefore demands that water management should respond primarily to social and environmental interests;


### 6. stresses that development models that favour vast projects and large-scale business activities undermine the availability and quality of water in all countries and increase competition for water and exacerbate other water-related conflicts; ### deleted


### 6. stresses that development models that favour vast projects and large-scale business activities undermine the availability and quality of water in all countries and increase competition for water and exacerbate other water-related conflicts; ### 6. stresses that certain development models that favour vast projects and large-scale business activities undermine the availability and quality of water in all countries and increase competition for water and exacerbate other water-related conflicts;


### 6. draws attention to the major geostrategic dimension of water , which can give rise to sudden conflict and forced displacement; calls on the commission to promote regional cooperation on the shared management of water resources around the 286 transboundary river basins; ### 6. draws attention to the major geostrategic dimension of water , which can give rise to sudden conflict and forced displacement; calls on the commission to promote regional cooperation on the shared management of water resources around the 286 transboundary river basins and stronger governance of water systems based on an ecosystem approach , supported by data and innovation to address the consequences of water scarcity , and in particular the risk of protracted conflicts;


### 7. underlines that pollution and the excessive extraction of water resources by means of industrial activities or discharge are among the most commonly identified threats to the exercise of the human rights to water and sanitation; ### 7. underlines that the inefficient management of water resources and pollution caused by some industrial activities negatively affect the exercise of the human rights to water and sanitation;


### 7. underlines that pollution and the excessive extraction of water resources by means of industrial activities or discharge are among the most commonly identified threats to the exercise of the human rights to water and sanitation; ### 7. underlines that pollution and the excessive extraction of water resources are among the most commonly identified threats to the exercise of the human rights to water and sanitation;


### 7. calls for coordinated and coherent water management in developing countries with regard to its various uses (agriculture , energy production , industry , etc.) , and calls on the european union to provide better support to developing countries for sustainable water management; ### 7. calls for coordinated and coherent water management in developing countries with regard to its various uses (agriculture , energy production , industry , etc.) , and calls on the european union to provide better support to developing countries for sustainable water management particularly support to agricultural sector for sustainable irrigation systems and investments in wastewater management , reservoirs , wetland restoration and in water storage systems;


### 8. calls on the commission to discourage the practices of water-grabbing and hydraulic fracturing and make them subject to environmental and human-rights impact assessments; ### deleted


### 9. recognises the important work undertaken by environmental rights defenders , in particular those safeguarding the right to water , and roundly condemns the killings , abductions , torture , gender-based violence , threats , harassment , intimidation , smear campaigns , criminalisation , judicial harassment , forced evictions and displacements carried out by numerous perpetrators , including governments and multinational corporations; ### 9. recognises the important work undertaken by environmental rights defenders , in particular those safeguarding the right to water , and roundly condemns carried out crimes by numerous perpetrators , including governments and multinational corporations;


### 9. recognises the important work undertaken by environmental rights defenders , in particular those safeguarding the right to water , and roundly condemns the killings , abductions , torture , gender-based violence , threats , harassment , intimidation , smear campaigns , criminalisation , judicial harassment , forced evictions and displacements carried out by numerous perpetrators , including governments and multinational corporations; ### 9. recognises the important work undertaken by environmental rights defenders , in particular those safeguarding the right to water , and roundly condemns the killings , abductions , torture , gender-based violence , threats , harassment , intimidation , smear campaigns , criminalisation , judicial harassment , forced evictions and displacements carried out by numerous perpetrators , including state and non-state actors;


### 9. recognises the important work undertaken by environmental rights defenders , in particular those safeguarding the right to water , and roundly condemns the killings , abductions , torture , gender-based violence , threats , harassment , intimidation , smear campaigns , criminalisation , judicial harassment , forced evictions and displacements carried out by numerous perpetrators , including governments and multinational corporations; ### 9. (does not affect the english version.)


### 10. recalls that indigenous people play a vital role for the sustainable management of natural resources and the conservation of biodiversity; asks the eu and its member states to recognise and protect indigenous people’s rights to customary ownership and control of their lands and natural resources as set out in the un declaration on the rights of indigenous people and ilo convention 169 , and to comply with the principle of free , prior and informed consent; requests that the eu member states which have not yet done so ratify ilo convention 169 on indigenous and tribal peoples; ### 10. recalls that indigenous people can play an important role for the sustainable management of natural resources and the conservation of biodiversity; asks the eu and its member states to recognise and protect the rights of indigenous people (those who , complying with the rules , may potentially become environmental defenders and also condemns those who damage the environment) to customary ownership and control of their lands and natural resources as set out in the un declaration on the rights of indigenous people and ilo convention 169 , and to comply with the principle of free , prior and informed consent; requests that the eu member states which have not yet done so ratify ilo convention 169 on indigenous and tribal peoples;


### 11. calls on the commission to check carefully that the infrastructure and energy projects financed through the various development cooperation and external policy instruments , including the european investment bank , uphold and neither jeopardise human rights and the sustainable development goals nor contribute to the expulsion of indigenous peoples from their lands; ### 11. calls on the commission to check carefully that the infrastructure and energy projects financed through the various development cooperation and external policy instruments , including the european investment bank , uphold and neither jeopardise internationally recognized human rights and the sustainable development goals nor contribute to the expulsion of indigenous peoples from the lands where they traditionally live;


### 12. notes with concern that the lack of access to water and adequate sanitation has a devastating effect on women’s rights , making it difficult for women and girls to lead safe and healthy lives; ### 12. notes with concern that the lack of access to water and adequate sanitation leads to discrimination between women and men; also notes that it has a devastating effect on women’s rights , making it difficult for women and girls to lead safe and healthy lives;


### 12. notes with concern that the lack of access to water and adequate sanitation has a devastating effect on women's rights , making it difficult for women and girls to lead safe and healthy lives; ### 12. notes with concern that the lack of access to water and adequate sanitation has a devastating effect on the rights of women and children , making it difficult , on the one hand , for women to lead safe and healthy lives and , on the other , impacting the health of children and the quality of the education they receive for their future development;


### 12. notes with concern that the lack of access to water and adequate sanitation has a devastating effect on women’s rights , making it difficult for women and girls to lead safe and healthy lives; ### 12. notes with concern that the lack of access to water and adequate sanitation has a devastating effect on women’s rights , the human rights of disabled as well as elderly people , making it difficult for them to lead safe and healthy lives;


### 13. is gravely concerned that violations of the right to water and sanitation in occupied territories aim to displace people from their lands and is worried about the denial of access to and control over water resources and infrastructure; ### 13. is gravely concerned about violations of the right to water and sanitation of displaced people when they are living in precarious conditions in informal settlements;


### 13. is gravely concerned that violations of the right to water and sanitation in occupied territories aim to displace people from their lands and is worried about the denial of access to and control over water resources and infrastructure; ### 13. is gravely concerned that violations of the right to water and sanitation in occupied territories aim to displace people from their lands;


### 14. stresses that companies worldwide must ensure that their activities do not encroach on the enjoyment of the human right of access to safe drinking water; demands support for the binding treaty being drafted at the united nations; ### 14. stresses that companies worldwide should be incentivised to ensure that their activities do not endanger the enjoyment of the human right of access to safe drinking water; demands support for the binding treaty being drafted at the united nations; encourages to build up public-private partnerships that , recognising water as a public good , promotes a better and more affordable access to water , sanitation and hygiene for all , in particular in the creation , the efficient maintenance and management of water infrastructures;


### 14. stresses that companies worldwide must ensure that their activities do not encroach on the enjoyment of the human right of access to safe drinking water; demands support for the binding treaty being drafted at the united nations; ### 14. stresses that companies worldwide must ensure that their activities do not encroach on the enjoyment of the human right of access to safe drinking water; demands support for the declarations , pacts and treaties at the united nations that have included this right;


### 15. deplores that , as several un experts have stated , the commodification of water and speculation in futures markets is in breach of basic human rights and contributes to increasing environmental degradation and exacerbating the vulnerability of the poorest and most marginalised in society , flying in the face of the sustainable development goals; ### 15. highlights the fact that , as several un experts have stated , the commodification of water poses a threat since it can contribute to increasing environmental degradation and exacerbating the vulnerability of the poorest and most marginalised in society , flying in the face of the sustainable development goals;


### 15. deplores that , as several un experts have stated , the commodification of water and speculation in futures markets is in breach of basic human rights and contributes to increasing environmental degradation and exacerbating the vulnerability of the poorest and most marginalised in society , flying in the face of the sustainable development goals; ### 15. deplores that , as several un experts have stated , water is treated as a mere commodity without further social and cultural considerations , subject to speculation in futures markets , in breach of basic human rights and contributes to increasing environmental degradation and exacerbating the vulnerability of the poorest and most marginalised in societies , particularly in less developed and developing countries , flying in the face of the sustainable development goals;


### 16. calls on states to take legal measures as a matter of urgency to prevent water from being subject to financial speculation on futures markets and to promote democratic governance of water and sanitation services under a approach grounded in human rights and common goods; ### deleted


### 16. calls on states to take legal measures as a matter of urgency to prevent water from being subject to financial speculation on futures markets and to promote democratic governance of water and sanitation services under a approach grounded in human rights and common goods; ### 16. calls on states to take legal measures preventing water from being subject to financial speculation on futures markets and to promote an appropriate framework of governance of water and sanitation and hygiene services under a approach primarily grounded in human rights and common good considerations;


### 17. recalls that , as the eu water framework directive recognises , water is not a commodity but a public good that is vital to human life and dignity; calls on the commission , given that these are services of general interest that fall , therefore , primarily in the public interest , to permanently exclude water and sanitation and wastewater treatment from the scope of any trade agreements and to check carefully that trade agreements and the activities of european companies do not undermine , whether by action or omission , the right to drinking water and sanitation; ### 17. recalls that , as the eu water framework directive recognises , water is a good that is vital to human life and dignity; calls on the commission , given that these are services of general interest that fall , therefore , primarily in the public interest , to permanently exclude water and sanitation and wastewater treatment from the scope of any trade agreements and to check carefully that trade agreements and the activities of european companies do not undermine , whether by action or omission , the right to drinking water and sanitation;


### 17. recalls that , as the eu water framework directive recognises , water is not a commodity but a public good that is vital to human life and dignity; calls on the commission , given that these are services of general interest that fall , therefore , primarily in the public interest , to permanently exclude water and sanitation and wastewater treatment from the scope of any trade agreements and to check carefully that trade agreements and the activities of european companies do not undermine , whether by action or omission , the right to drinking water and sanitation; ### 17. recalls that , as the eu water framework directive recognises , water is not a mere commodity but a public good that is vital to human life and dignity; calls on the commission , given that these are services of general interest that fall , therefore , primarily in the public interest , to check that trade agreements and the activities of european companies do not undermine , whether by action or omission , the right to drinking water and sanitation;


### 18. calls on states to adopt a policy implementing the human right to water and sanitation and promoting the provision of water and sanitation as essential public services for all; ### 18. (does not affect the english version.)


### 19. stresses that public provision is the most appropriate model for the exercise of the human rights to water and sanitation; urges states in this regard to engage in a transparent and robust deprivatisation process to improve the effective enjoyment of the human rights to water and sanitation; calls on governments to increase public investments in sustainable water-related infrastructure and to safeguard water as an essential public good; ### 19. urges states to improve the effective enjoyment of the human rights to water and sanitation; calls on governments to increase public investments in sustainable water-related infrastructure and to safeguard water as an essential public good;


### 19. stresses that public provision is the most appropriate model for the exercise of the human rights to water and sanitation; urges states in this regard to engage in a transparent and robust deprivatisation process to improve the effective enjoyment of the human rights to water and sanitation; calls on governments to increase public investments in sustainable water-related infrastructure and to safeguard water as an essential public good; ### 19. stresses that public provision is the most appropriate model for the exercise of the human rights to water and sanitation; urges states in this regard to adopt the model that is best suited to improving the effective enjoyment of the human rights to water and sanitation in their societies; calls on governments to increase public investments in sustainable water-related infrastructure and to safeguard water as an essential public good;


### 19. stresses that public provision is the most appropriate model for the exercise of the human rights to water and sanitation; urges states in this regard to engage in a transparent and robust deprivatisation process to improve the effective enjoyment of the human rights to water and sanitation; calls on governments to increase public investments in sustainable water-related infrastructure and to safeguard water as an essential public good; ### 19. stresses that public provision is the most appropriate model for the exercise of the human rights to water and sanitation; urges states in this regard to engage in a process to improve the effective enjoyment of the human rights to water and sanitation; calls on governments to increase public investments in sustainable water-related infrastructure and to safeguard water as an essential public good;


### 20. calls on the world bank and the imf to prohibit the imposition of conditions requiring governments to privatise water and sanitation services when providing grants , loans and technical assistance; stresses that the widespread privatisation of public goods in many societies is systematically dismantling human rights safeguards and further marginalising those living in the most abject poverty; ### deleted


### 20. calls on the world bank and the imf to prohibit the imposition of conditions requiring governments to privatise water and sanitation services when providing grants , loans and technical assistance; stresses that the widespread privatisation of public goods in many societies is systematically dismantling human rights safeguards and further marginalising those living in the most abject poverty; ### 20. calls on the world bank and the imf to disincentivise the imposition of conditions requiring governments to privatise water and sanitation services when providing grants , loans and technical assistance; stresses that the widespread privatisation of public goods in many societies is systematically dismantling human rights safeguards and further marginalising those living in the most abject poverty;


### 20. calls on the world bank and the imf to prohibit the imposition of conditions requiring governments to privatise water and sanitation services when providing grants , loans and technical assistance; stresses that the widespread privatisation of public goods in many societies is systematically dismantling human rights safeguards and further marginalising those living in the most abject poverty; ### 20. calls on the world bank and the imf to prohibit the imposition of conditions requiring governments to privatise water and sanitation services when providing grants , loans and technical assistance;


### 21. demands that civil society organisations working to address breaches of the rights to water and sanitation have adequate resources and access to relevant information and the ability to participate meaningfully in water-related decision-making processes; ### 21. encourages the promotion of stakeholder engagement for informed and outcome-oriented contributions to water policy design and implementation ,17a including civil society organisations working to address breaches of the rights to water and sanitation allowing them to have access to relevant information and the ability to participate in water-related decision-making processes;


### 21. demands that civil society organisations working to address breaches of the rights to water and sanitation have adequate resources and access to relevant information and the ability to participate meaningfully in water-related decision-making processes; ### 21. calls on the commission and the eeas to grant civil society organisations working to address breaches of the rights to water and sanitation , access to relevant information and the ability to participate meaningfully in water-related decision-making processes when appropriate;


### 22. stresses that inequalities in access to water and sanitation are often attributable to systemic inequalities or exclusion; calls on governments to guarantee the absence of discrimination in access to water and sanitation services , as a public good , ensuring the provision thereof for all , in particular by affording priority to access for marginalised groups with a view to remedying systemic discrimination; ### 22. stresses that lack or limited access to water and sanitation are often suffered by people that are poor or socially excluded; calls on governments to guarantee the absence of discrimination in access to water and sanitation services , as a public good , ensuring the provision thereof for all , in particular by affording priority to access for marginalised groups;


### 22. stresses that inequalities in access to water and sanitation are often attributable to systemic inequalities or exclusion; calls on governments to guarantee the absence of discrimination in access to water and sanitation services , as a public good , ensuring the provision thereof for all , in particular by affording priority to access for marginalised groups with a view to remedying systemic discrimination; ### 22. stresses that inequalities in access to water and sanitation are often attributable to systemic inequalities or exclusion; calls on governments to guarantee the absence of discrimination in access to water and sanitation services , ensuring the provision thereof for all , in particular by affording priority to access for marginalised groups with a view to remedying systemic discrimination;


### 22. stresses that inequalities in access to water and sanitation are often attributable to systemic inequalities or exclusion; calls on governments to guarantee the absence of discrimination in access to water and sanitation services , as a public good , ensuring the provision thereof for all , in particular by affording priority to access for marginalised groups with a view to remedying systemic discrimination; ### 22. stresses that inequalities in access to water and sanitation are often attributable to systemic inequalities or exclusion; (does not affect the english version.)


### b. whereas in recent years , we have seen continuous growth in cyber operations conducted by state and non-state actors; ### b. whereas in recent years , we have seen continuous growth in cyber operations conducted by state and non-state actors that have revealed vulnerabilities in networks essential to european security; whereas these attacks make it a matter of priority to step up defence capacity and develop european offensive and defensive capabilities;


### c. whereas conflicts can take place in all physical (land , air , sea and space) and virtual (cyber) domains , and may be amplified through elements of hybrid warfare , proxy wars , offensive and defensive use of cyber capabilities and strategic attacks to disrupt critical infrastructure; ### c. whereas conflicts can take place in all physical (land , air , sea and space) and virtual(cyber) domains , and may be amplified through elements of hybrid warfare , such as cyber-enabled disinformation campaigns , proxy wars , offensive and defensive use of cyber capabilities and strategic attacks on digital service providers to disrupt critical infrastructure as well as our democratic institutions;


### g. whereas raising the level of cyber security within the eu is a necessary corollary to the success of europe’s digital ambitions; ### g. whereas raising the level of cyber security within the eu is a necessary corollary to the success of europe’s digital ambitions; as well as the security of its member states;


### g. whereas raising the level of cyber security within the eu is a necessary corollary to the success of europe’s digital ambitions; ### g. whereas raising the level of cyber security within the eu is a necessary corollary to the success of europe’s digital ambitions and would create greater resilience;


### 1. underlines that a common cyber defence policy and a substantial cyber defence capability are core elements for the development of the european defence union; stresses the urgent need to strengthen eu and the member state cyber defence capabilities; ### 1. underlines that a common cyber defence policy and a substantial cyber defence capability are core elements for the development of the european defence union and require a complex mix of technical , strategic and operational abilities; stresses the urgent need to strengthen eu and the member state cyber defence capabilities; underlines the key operational capabilities of detection , attribution , and incident response , and underlines in this regard the need of multi-domain-awareness monitoring schemes;


### 1. underlines that a common cyber defence policy and a substantial cyber defence capability are core elements for the development of the european defence union; stresses the urgent need to strengthen eu and the member state cyber defence capabilities; ### 1. underlines that a common cyber defence policy and a substantial cyber defence capability are core elements for the development of deepened and enhanced european defence cooperation; stresses the urgent need to strengthen eu and the member state cyber defence capabilities;


### 2. recalls that the borderless nature of cyber space and the substantial number of cyber-attacks make them a threat requiring intensified eu-nato cooperation and a coordinated union-level response , including common member state support capabilities; ### 2. recalls that the borderless nature of cyber space as well as the substantial number and increasing complexity of cyber-attacks require intensified eu-nato cooperation and a coordinated union-level response , including common member state support capabilities and member state support for measures of the eu’s cyber diplomacy toolbox;


### 4. calls on the eeas to further develop a coherent it security policy to strengthen cyber defence coordination; urges a cooperation strategy with the eu’s computer emergency response teams (cert-eu) to protect networks used by all eu institutions; calls on the european parliament to ensure its participation in cert-eu results to ensured a level of it security that will allow it to receive all the necessary classified and non-classified information to carry out its responsibilities under the treaties , including as a result of the current process to replace the 2002 inter-institutional agreement on access to information in the area of security and defence; ### 4. calls on the eeas and the european commission , in cooperation with the member states to further develop comprehensive set of measures and a coherent it security policy to strengthen cyber defence and resilience coordination; urges a cooperation strategy with the eu’s computer emergency response teams(cert-eu) to protect networks used by all eu institutions bodies and agencies; improve information sharing on technical information , analysis and threat intelligence between member states at eu-level that could enable collective attribution on eu-level; calls on the european parliament to ensure its participation in cert-eu results to ensured a level of it security that will allow it to receive all the necessary classified and non-classified information to carry out its responsibilities under the treaties , including as a result of the current process to replace the 2002 inter-institutional agreement on access to information in the area of security and defence;


### 4. calls on the eeas to further develop a coherent it security policy to strengthen cyber defence coordination; urges a cooperation strategy with the eu’s computer emergency response teams (cert-eu) to protect networks used by all eu institutions; calls on the european parliament to ensure its participation in cert-eu results to ensured a level of it security that will allow it to receive all the necessary classified and non-classified information to carry out its responsibilities under the treaties , including as a result of the current process to replace the 2002 inter-institutional agreement on access to information in the area of security and defence; ### 4. calls on the eeas to further develop a coherent it security policy to strengthen cyber defence coordination; urges a cooperation strategy with the eu’s computer emergency response teams (cert-eu) to protect networks used by all eu institutions and its communication with member states; calls on the european parliament to ensure its participation in cert-eu results to ensured a level of it security that will allow it to receive all the necessary classified and non-classified information to carry out its responsibilities under the treaties , including as a result of the current process to replace the 2002 inter-institutional agreement on access to information in the area of security and defence;


### 5. notes the 2018 cdpf’s objective to setup an eu military cert-network; calls on member states to significantly increase classified information sharing , to develop a european rapid and secure network to counter cyber-attacks; ### 5. notes the 2018 cdpf’s objective to setup an eu military cert-network; welcomes the launch of cyber crises liaison organisation network (cyclone) on 29 september 2020 , which further improved ability for timely information sharing and situational awareness by closing the gap between eu’s technical and political levels; calls on the eu member states to significantly increase classified information sharing , to develop a european rapid and secure network to counter cyber-attacks; also notes that an effective cyber defence capability requires a change from “need-to-know” based culture of information sharing into a “need-to-share” one;


### 6. recalls that the 2018 eu capability development priorities (cdp) made cyber defence a key priority; welcomes the eda’s projects to improve overall eu member states efforts in this field; takes note of the eda’s cydre project , which should develop an enterprise architecture for cyberspace operations , including scope , functionalities and requirements , based upon national and eu legislation; ### 6. recalls that the 2018 eu capability development priorities established in the framework of the capability development plan (cdp) made cyber defence a key priority (i.e.“enabling capabilities for cyber responsive operations”); welcomes eda for supporting member states in developing their capabilities to improve cyber resilience , as the ability to detect , withstand and recover from any cyber attack ; takes note of different activities undertaken by member states in the framework of eda including by promoting best practices in system engineering framework for cyber operations to harmonize the design and development of national cyber defence capabilities following a shared vision through the ‘cyber defence requirements engineering’ (cydre) project;


### 7. underlines that the coordinated annual review on defence (card) is a key tool that supports of overall coherence in member states’ defence planning , and should contribute to promoting investment in defence cyber capabilities; ### 7. welcomes the coordinated annual review on defence (card) – a first fully fledged defence review at eu level , which is a key tool that supports the overall coherence in member states’ defence spending , defence planning and defence cooperation , and should contribute to promoting investment in developing cyber defence capabilities;


### 7. underlines that the coordinated annual review on defence (card) is a key tool that supports of overall coherence in member states’ defence planning , and should contribute to promoting investment in defence cyber capabilities; ### 7. underlines that the coordinated annual review on defence (card) is one of the key tools that support the overall coherence in member states’ defence planning , and should contribute to promoting investment in defence cyber capabilities;


### 8. notes that the european defence fund (edf) , will also support strengthening resilience , and improve preparedness , responsiveness and cooperation in the cyber domain; ### 8. notes that the european defence fund (edf) , will also support strengthening resilience , and improve preparedness , responsiveness and cooperation in the cyber domain;


### 9. welcomes the progress achieved by the permanent structured cooperation (pesco) cyber rapid response team; recalls that pesco offers excellent ways to speed up cyber security initiatives , such as through the cyber threats and incident response information sharing platform and cyber and information domain coordination centre; ### 9. welcomes the progress achieved by the permanent structured cooperation (pesco) , including by implementing concrete projects such as cyber rapid response team and mutual assistance in cybersecurity project; recalls that pesco through the more binding commitments as well as different projects taken forward in pesco framework offers excellent ways to speed up cyber security initiatives , such as through the cyber threats and incident response information sharing platform and cyber and information domain coordination centre;


### 10. emphasises that in line with the civilian csdp compact , civilian csdp must be cyber resilient and support third countries , including through monitoring , mentoring and advice; ### 10. emphasises that in line with the civilian csdp compact , civilian csdp missions must be cyber resilient and support host countries where appropriate , including through monitoring , mentoring and advice;


### 11. welcomes the council’s june 2019 framework , which allows targeted restrictive measures to deter and respond to cyber-attacks that constitute a threat to the eu or its member states , including cyber-attacks against third countries or international organisations; welcomes the imposition of such restrictive measures in july 2020 and october 2020 as a credible step in strengthening the eu’s cyber diplomacy toolbox; ### 11. welcomes the council’s june 2019 framework , which allows targeted restrictive measures to deter and respond to cyber-attacks that constitute a threat to the eu or its member states , including cyber-attacks against third countries or international organisations; welcomes the imposition of such restrictive measures in july 2020 and october 2020 as a credible step in implementing the eu’s cyber diplomacy toolbox and strengthening eu’s cyber deterrence posture;


### 12. welcomes the work led by enisa involving the member states and interested stakeholders to provide the eu with certification schemes for ict products , services and processes in order to raise the overall level of cybersecurity within the digital single market; stresses the eu’s pivotal pioneering role in developing standards that shape the cybersecurity landscape , contribute to fair competition within the eu and on the global stage , and react to extraterritorial measures and security risks from third countries; ### 12. welcomes the work led by enisa involving the member states and interested stakeholders to provide the eu with certification schemes for ict products , services and processes in order to raise the overall level of cybersecurity within the digital single market; stresses the eu’s pivotal pioneering role in developing standards that shape the cybersecurity landscape , contribute to fair competition within the eu and on the global stage , and react to extraterritorial measures and security risks from third countries; also acknowledges the important role of enisa in supporting research initiatives and other forms of co-operation aimed at enhancing cybersecurity;


### 13. notes that the strategic compass will enhance and guide the implementation of the eu’s level of ambition in security and defence , and translate that ambition into capability needs , including in cyber defence , thereby increasing the ability of the eu and member states to prevent , discourage , deter , respond to and recover from malicious cyber activities by strengthening its posture , situational awareness , tools , procedures and partnerships; ### 13. notes that the strategic compass will enhance and guide the implementation of the eu’s level of ambition in security and defence , and translate that ambition into capability needs , including in cyber defence as a priority item , thereby increasing the ability of the eu and member states to prevent , discourage , deter , respond to and recover from malicious cyber activities by strengthening its posture , situational awareness , tools , procedures and partnerships;


### 14. insists that the strategic compass should deepen the strategic culture in the cyber domain and remove any duplication of capabilities and mandates; stresses that it is essential to overcome the current fragmentation and complexity of the overall cyber architecture within the eu; ### 14. insists that the strategic compass should deepen the strategic culture in the cyber domain and remove any duplication of capabilities and mandates; stresses that it is essential to overcome the current fragmentation and complexity of the overall cyber architecture within the eu and to develop a common vision on how to achieve security and stability in cyberspace;


### 15. stresses that fragmentation is accompanied by serious concerns over resources and staff at the eu level; urges the vp/hr and/or the member states to increase financial and personnel resources , in particular experts in cyberforensics; calls for further funding for cert-eu and the creation of an eu security operations centre; ### 15. stresses that fragmentation is accompanied by serious concerns over resources and staff at the eu level; urges the vp/hr and/or the member states to significantly increase financial and personnel resources , in particular experts in cyberforensics; calls for further funding for cert-eu and support member states in establishing and strengthening security operation centres (socs) in order to build a network of socs across the eu;


### 15. stresses that fragmentation is accompanied by serious concerns over resources and staff at the eu level; urges the vp/hr and/or the member states to increase financial and personnel resources , in particular experts in cyberforensics; calls for further funding for cert-eu and the creation of an eu security operations centre; ### 15. stresses that fragmentation is accompanied by serious concerns over resources and staff at the eu level; urges the vp/hr and/or the member states to increase financial and personnel resources , in particular experts in cyberforensics; calls for further funding for cert-eu , intcen and the creation of an eu security operations centre;


### 16. recalls that cyber defence has both military and civilian dimensions; calls on the vp/hr , therefore , to develop an integrated policy approach and close cooperation between the military cert-network and cert-eu; ### 16. recalls that cyber defence has both military and civilian dimensions; calls on the vp/hr , therefore , to develop an integrated policy approach and close cooperation between the computer security incident response teams csirts network and the foreseen military cert-network;


### 17. welcomes the joint communication by the vp/hr and the commission entitled ‘the eu’s cybersecurity strategy for the digital decade’ , which aims to enhance synergies and cooperation between civilian , defence and space cyber work; considers the strategy a milestone for strengthening the eu’s and member states’ cyber resilience , thereby contributing to european strategic sovereignty; ### 17. welcomes the joint communication by the vp/hr and the commission entitled ‘the eu’s cybersecurity strategy for the digital decade’ , which aims to enhance synergies and cooperation between civilian , defence and space cyber work; considers the strategy a milestone for strengthening the eu’s and member states’ cyber resilience , thereby strengthening eu’s digital leadership and its strategic capacities;


### 18. recalls that improving cyber defence capabilities also requires civilian network and information security expertise; welcomes the proposed revision of the directive on security of network and information systems (nis) and of current eu law , seeking to protect critical infrastructures , enhance supply chain security and the inclusion of regulated actors in the digital ecosystem; ### 18. recalls that improving cyber defence capabilities also requires civilian network and information security expertise; welcomes the proposed revision of the directive on security of network and information systems (nis) and of current eu law , seeking to protect critical infrastructures , enhance supply chain security and the inclusion of regulated actors in the digital ecosystem; recalls that , on a national level , each eu member state should have a dedicated policy towards cybersecurity supply chain risk management addressing , in particular , the question of trusted vendors; recalls that on eu level , existing platforms such as nis cooperation group could be used to carry out coordinated security risk assessments of specific critical ict services , systems or products supply chains , building on successful cooperation between the member states on establishing 5g toolbox;


### 19. welcomes the commission’s action plan on synergies between civil , defence and space industries , and recalls the close interdependence of these three sectors in cyber defence; notes that , differently from other military domains , cyber space is mainly owned by commercial entities based mostly outside the eu , which leads to industrial and technological dependencies on third parties; strongly believes that the eu needs to increase its technological sovereignty and innovation , investing in the use of new technologies in security and defence such as artificial intelligence (ai) and quantum computing; ### 19. welcomes the commission’s action plan on synergies between civil , defence and space industries , and recalls the close interdependence of these three sectors in cyber defence; notes that , differently from other military domains , cyber space is mainly owned by commercial entities based mostly outside the eu , which leads to industrial and technological dependencies on third parties; strongly believes that the eu needs to increase its technological sovereignty and innovation , investing in the use of new technologies in security defence and it security such as artificial intelligence (ai) and quantum computing; further underlines the relevance of a the new european cybersecurity industrial , technology and research competence centre;


### 19. welcomes the commission’s action plan on synergies between civil , defence and space industries , and recalls the close interdependence of these three sectors in cyber defence; notes that , differently from other military domains , cyber space is mainly owned by commercial entities based mostly outside the eu , which leads to industrial and technological dependencies on third parties; strongly believes that the eu needs to increase its technological sovereignty and innovation , investing in the use of new technologies in security and defence such as artificial intelligence (ai) and quantum computing; ### 19. welcomes the commission’s action plan on synergies between civil , defence and space industries , and recalls the close interdependence of these three sectors in cyber defence; notes that , differently from other military domains , the infrastructure used to “create” cyber space is mainly owned by commercial entities based mostly outside the eu , which leads to industrial and technological dependencies on third parties; strongly believes that the eu needs to increase its technological sovereignty and innovation , and additionally investing in the use of new technologies in security and defence such as artificial intelligence (ai) and quantum computing;


### 19. welcomes the commission’s action plan on synergies between civil , defence and space industries , and recalls the close interdependence of these three sectors in cyber defence; notes that , differently from other military domains , cyber space is mainly owned by commercial entities based mostly outside the eu , which leads to industrial and technological dependencies on third parties; strongly believes that the eu needs to increase its technological sovereignty and innovation , investing in the use of new technologies in security and defence such as artificial intelligence (ai) and quantum computing; ### 19. welcomes the commission’s action plan on synergies between civil , defence and space industries , and recalls the close interdependence of these three sectors in cyber defence; notes that , differently from other military domains , cyber space is mainly owned by commercial entities based mostly outside the eu , which leads to industrial and technological dependencies on third parties; strongly believes that the eu needs to evaluate its technological sovereignty and boost innovation , investing in the use of new technologies in security and defence such as artificial intelligence (ai) and quantum computing;


### 19. welcomes the commission’s action plan on synergies between civil , defence and space industries , and recalls the close interdependence of these three sectors in cyber defence; notes that , differently from other military domains , cyber space is mainly owned by commercial entities based mostly outside the eu , which leads to industrial and technological dependencies on third parties; strongly believes that the eu needs to increase its technological sovereignty and innovation , investing in the use of new technologies in security and defence such as artificial intelligence (ai) and quantum computing; ### 19. welcomes the commission’s action plan on synergies between civil , defence and space industries , and recalls the close interdependence of these three sectors in cyber defence; notes that , differently from other military domains , cyber space is mainly operated by commercial entities based mostly outside the eu , which leads to industrial and technological dependencies on third parties; strongly believes that the eu needs to increase its technological sovereignty and innovation , investing in the use of new technologies in security and defence such as artificial intelligence (ai) and quantum computing;


### 21. calls for enhanced mutual operational assistance between member states; strongly emphasises the importance of further exercises and scenario-based policy discussions on crisis management , including on the mutual assistance clause (article 42(7) of the teu) in a hypothetical cyber attack scenario; calls for increased coordination with nato in this matter through participation in cyber exercises and joint training , such as the parallel and coordinated exercises (pace); calls for such initiatives to strengthen the common understanding on the implementation procedures for mutual assistance and/or solidarity in line with article 42(7) of the teu and article 222 of the tfeu , including with a specific objective of operationalising these procedures for cyber-attacks on the eu institutions or member states; ### 21. calls for enhanced mutual operational assistance between member states; strongly emphasises the importance of further exercises and scenario-based policy discussions on crisis management , including on the mutual assistance clause (article 42(7) of the teu) in a hypothetical cyber attack scenario; calls for increased coordination with nato in this matter through participation in cyber exercises and joint training , such as the parallel and coordinated exercises (pace); calls for such initiatives to strengthen the common understanding on the implementation procedures for mutual assistance and/or solidarity in line with article 42(7) of the teu and article 222 of the tfeu , including with a specific objective of operationalising these procedures for cyber-attacks on the eu institutions or member states; expresses its embarrassment and serious concerns about the security of confidential eu meetings , as a dutch journalist managed to access a confidential videoconference at the level of eu defence ministers last year. underlines that such weaknesses in the eu institutions security practices have adverse effects on the credibility of eu cyber defence capabilities;


### 21. calls for enhanced mutual operational assistance between member states; strongly emphasises the importance of further exercises and scenario-based policy discussions on crisis management , including on the mutual assistance clause (article 42(7) of the teu) in a hypothetical cyber attack scenario; calls for increased coordination with nato in this matter through participation in cyber exercises and joint training , such as the parallel and coordinated exercises (pace); calls for such initiatives to strengthen the common understanding on the implementation procedures for mutual assistance and/or solidarity in line with article 42(7) of the teu and article 222 of the tfeu , including with a specific objective of operationalising these procedures for cyber-attacks on the eu institutions or member states; ### 21. calls for enhanced mutual operational assistance between member states; strongly emphasises the importance of joint exercises and scenario-based policy discussions on crisis management between member states to increase interoperability and develop a common understanding of cyber defence , including on the mutual assistance clause (article 42(7) of the teu) in a hypothetical grave cyber attack scenario that amounts to a use of force or an armed attack; calls for increased coordination with nato in this matter through participation in cyber exercises and joint training , such as the parallel and coordinated exercises (pace); calls for such initiatives to strengthen the common understanding on the implementation procedures for mutual assistance and/or solidarity in line with article 42(7) of the teu and article222 of the tfeu , including with a specific objective of operationalising these procedures for cyber-attacks on the eu institutions or member states;


### 22. considers that eu-nato cyber cooperation is crucial , as it enables strong formal attribution and thus the imposition of restrictive sanctions; notes that functioning deterrence would be achieved if adversaries were aware of the catalogue of possible countermeasures (based on the severity , scale , and target of the cyber-attacks); ### 22. considers that cyber defence cooperation with nato plays an important role in preventing , deterring and responding to cyber attacks affecting member states' collective security;


### 22. considers that eu-nato cyber cooperation is crucial , as it enables strong formal attribution and thus the imposition of restrictive sanctions; notes that functioning deterrence would be achieved if adversaries were aware of the catalogue of possible countermeasures (based on the severity , scale , and target of the cyber-attacks); ### 22. considers that eu-nato cyber cooperation is crucial , as it enables strong formal attribution and thus the imposition of restrictive sanctions; notes that functioning deterrence would be achieved if adversaries were aware of the eu-nato’s capacity of effectively attributing cyber attacks to its perpetrators and applying a catalogue of possible countermeasures (based on the severity , scale , and target of the cyber-attacks);


### 22. considers that eu-nato cyber cooperation is crucial , as it enables strong formal attribution and thus the imposition of restrictive sanctions; notes that functioning deterrence would be achieved if adversaries were aware of the catalogue of possible countermeasures (based on the severity , scale , and target of the cyber-attacks); ### 22. considers that eu-nato cyber cooperation is crucial , as it enables and strengthens formal attribution and thus the imposition of restrictive measures; notes that effective deterrence would be achieved if perpetrators were aware of the catalogue of possible countermeasures (based on the severity , scale , and target of the cyber-attacks);


### 22. considers that eu-nato cyber cooperation is crucial , as it enables strong formal attribution and thus the imposition of restrictive sanctions; notes that functioning deterrence would be achieved if adversaries were aware of the catalogue of possible countermeasures (based on the severity , scale , and target of the cyber-attacks); ### 22. considers that eu-nato cyber cooperation is crucial , as it enables strong formal attribution and thus the imposition of restrictive sanctions; notes that functioning resilience would be achieved if adversaries were aware of the catalogue of possible countermeasures (based on the severity , scale , and target of the cyber-attacks);


### 24. calls for further synchronisation of eu-nato cooperation , notably on cyber defence interoperability requirements , by looking for possible complementarities , avoiding duplication and acknowledging their respective responsibilities; ### 24. calls for further eu-nato cooperation , notably on cyber defence interoperability requirements , by looking for possible complementarities , avoiding duplication and acknowledging their respective responsibilities;


### 25. calls for closer coordination on cyber defence between member states , the eu institutions , nato , the united states and other strategic partners; underlines the urgent need for implementing the widely-recognised international normative framework for responsible state behaviour in cyberspace; ### 25. acknowledges the fact that cyber threats are capable of compromising all traditional military domains , such as land , sea , air and space , traditional domains depend on cyber space functionality and not vice versa; calls for closer coordination on cyber defence between member states , the eu institutions , nato , the united states and other strategic partners; underlines the urgent need for implementing a widely-recognised international normative framework for responsible state behaviour in cyberspace;


### 25. calls for closer coordination on cyber defence between member states , the eu institutions , nato , the united states and other strategic partners; underlines the urgent need for implementing the widely-recognised international normative framework for responsible state behaviour in cyberspace; ### 25. calls for closer coordination on cyber defence between member states , the eu institutions , nato , the united states and other strategic partners; underlines the urgent need of states for implementing the widely-recognised international normative framework for responsible state behaviour and to contribute to the ongoing discussion on the modalities of application of international law in cyberspace;


### c. whereas in recent years the dynamics in the region have given rise to intense geopolitical competition , mirrored in an increase in military spending and a more aggressive rhetoric , thereby calling into question the rules-based international order; whereas a new centre of global competition has therefore evolved in the indo-pacific region; whereas there is no overarching regional security order to mitigate the associated challenges; whereas such dynamics represent serious threats to stability and security in the region and beyond , impacting directly the eu’s strategic interests as a key political and economic partner of the countries in the region; whereas the eu is committed to security , peace and international law; ### c. whereas in recent years the dynamics in the region have given rise to intense geopolitical competition , mirrored in an increase in military spending and a more aggressive rhetoric , thereby calling into question the rules-based international order; whereas a new centre of global competition has therefore evolved in the indo-pacific region; whereas there is no overarching regional security order to mitigate the associated challenges; whereas such dynamics represent serious threats to stability and security in the region and beyond , impacting directly the eu’s strategic interests as a key political and economic partner of the countries in the region; whereas a stable and peaceful asia-pacific region based on respect for international law , in line with our principles and standards , is highly desirable for the security and interests of the eu; whereas the eu is committed to security , peace and international law;


### e. whereas china’s rapid military build-up , coupled with its increasingly assertive behaviour in the indo-pacific region and its military activities in the east and south china seas , as well as its deliberate and repetitive violations of taiwan’s air defence identification zone and its increasingly aggressive rhetoric and media campaigns , are leading to rising tensions in the indo-pacific; ### e. whereas china’s rapid military build-up , coupled with its increasingly assertive behaviour and expansionist policies in the indo-pacific region and its military manoeuvres in the taiwan strait , east and south china seas , as well as its deliberate and repetitive violations of taiwan’s air defence identification zone and its increasingly aggressive rhetoric and media campaigns , are leading to rising tensions in the indo-pacific;


### e. whereas china’s rapid military build-up , coupled with its increasingly assertive behaviour in the indo-pacific region and its military activities in the east and south china seas , as well as its deliberate and repetitive violations of taiwan’s air defence identification zone and its increasingly aggressive rhetoric and media campaigns , are leading to rising tensions in the indo-pacific; ### e. whereas china’s rapid military build-up , coupled with its increasingly assertive behaviour in the indo-pacific region and its military activities in the east and south china seas , as well as its deliberate and repetitive violations of taiwan’s air defence identification zone and its increasingly aggressive rhetoric , manipulative disinformation and media campaigns , are leading to rising tensions in the indo-pacific;


### 1. welcomes the recently adopted eu strategy for cooperation in the indo-pacific; recognises the added value of the strategy as the first foundation stone of the eu’s united approach to the region , and praises the inclusive and multifaceted nature of the strategy and the inclusion of security and defence as one of its seven priority areas; calls for the eu to use the strategy as a tool to effectively assert its presence and influence in the region through furthering strategic ties and deepening cooperation on security- and defence-related matters with regional countries and organisations; believes that increased eu engagement in the region would contribute to regional security , and help overcome regional tensions and create more balanced relations among regional players; recalls that the strategy is a team europe project; ### 1. welcomes the recently adopted eu strategy for cooperation in the indo-pacific; recognises the added value of the strategy as the first foundation stone of the eu’s united approach to the region , and praises the inclusive and multifaceted nature of the strategy and the inclusion of security and defence as one of its seven priority areas; calls for the eu to use the strategy as a tool to effectively assert its presence and influence in the region through furthering strategic ties and deepening cooperation on security- and defence-related matters with regional countries and organisations; believes that increased eu engagement in the region would contribute to regional security , and help overcome regional tensions and create more balanced relations among regional players; recalls that the strategy is a team europe project; stresses that , in addition to the formulation of the strategy , the eu should undertake an assessment of the possible consequences of a regional conflict on the eu’s economic and security interests , which should also assess how the eu should respond to a deteriorating security situation in the indo-pacific region and beyond;


### 2. highlights the need to safeguard eu unity as a pre-condition to achieve the eu’s ambition of strategic sovereignty amid the increasing competition between the united states and china; recalls that the eu’s unified approach must be underpinned by a pragmatic and principled foreign and security policy; ### 2. highlights the need to safeguard eu unity as a pre-condition to achieve the eu’s ambition of strategic sovereignty amid the increasing competition between the united states and china; recalls that the eu’s unified approach must be underpinned by a pragmatic and principled foreign and security policy; points out that the increasing commitment of the us to the indo-pacific has implications for european security and therefore reiterates the need for a capable european defence union in order to achieve an adequate burden-sharing between the eu and the us in matters of international and european security;


### 2. highlights the need to safeguard eu unity as a pre-condition to achieve the eu’s ambition of strategic sovereignty amid the increasing competition between the united states and china; recalls that the eu’s unified approach must be underpinned by a pragmatic and principled foreign and security policy; ### 2. highlights the need to safeguard eu unity as a pre-condition to achieve the eu’s ambition of strategic sovereignty amid the increasing competition between the united states and china; recalls that the eu’s unified approach must be underpinned by a pragmatic and principled foreign and security policy and accompanied by a reform of its decision-making procedures that would enable a swift response and facilitate immediate action in the face of serious challenges and provocations;


### 2. highlights the need to safeguard eu unity as a pre-condition to achieve the eu’s ambition of strategic sovereignty amid the increasing competition between the united states and china; recalls that the eu’s unified approach must be underpinned by a pragmatic and principled foreign and security policy; ### 2. underlines that preserving peace , stability and the freedom of navigation in the indo-pacific region remains of critical importance , also to the interests of the eu and its member states; highlights the need to safeguard eu unity with regards to china as a pre-condition to achieve that; recalls that the eu’s unified approach must be underpinned by a pragmatic and principled foreign and security policy;


### 3. stresses the eu’s determination to promote an open , stable and rules-based regional security architecture , based on respect for democracy , the rule of law , human rights and international law , and including secure sea lines of communication , capacity-building and an enhanced naval presence , in accordance with the legal framework established by the united nations convention on the law of the sea (unclos); urges the eu to further engage with the countries and organisations of the indo-pacific to foster and further build inclusive and effective partnerships , and , therefore , strengthen multilateralism via the un and other international organisations; recalls that non-compliance or an explicit violation of these values and principles would have negative repercussions on the eu’s engagement in bilateral and regional partnerships; ### 3. stresses the eu’s determination to promote an open , stable and rules-based regional security architecture , based on respect for democracy , the rule of law , human rights and international law , and including secure sea lines of communication , capacity-building and an enhanced naval presence , in accordance with the legal framework established by the united nations convention on the law of the sea (unclos); urges the eu to further engage with the countries and organisations of the indo-pacific to foster and further build inclusive and effective partnerships , and , therefore , strengthen multilateralism via the un and other international organisations; recalls that non-compliance or an explicit violation of these values and principles would have negative repercussions on the eu’s engagement in bilateral and regional partnerships , as this approach represents the keystone of the eu’s unitary response to international crises and other developments;


### 3. stresses the eu’s determination to promote an open , stable and rules-based regional security architecture , based on respect for democracy , the rule of law , human rights and international law , and including secure sea lines of communication , capacity-building and an enhanced naval presence , in accordance with the legal framework established by the united nations convention on the law of the sea (unclos); urges the eu to further engage with the countries and organisations of the indo-pacific to foster and further build inclusive and effective partnerships , and , therefore , strengthen multilateralism via the un and other international organisations; recalls that non-compliance or an explicit violation of these values and principles would have negative repercussions on the eu’s engagement in bilateral and regional partnerships; ### 3. stresses the eu’s determination to promote an open , stable and rules-based regional security architecture , based on respect for democracy , the rule of law , human rights and international law , and including secure sea lines of communication , capacity-building and an enhanced naval presence , in accordance with the legal framework established by the united nations convention on the law of the sea (unclos); urges the eu to further engage with the countries and organisations of the indo-pacific to foster and further build inclusive and effective partnerships , and , therefore , strengthen multilateralism via the un and other international organisations; recalls that non-compliance or an explicit violation of these values and principles would have negative repercussions on the eu’s vital economic and security interests;


### 4. calls on the eu to make use of its reputation as a credible and reliable actor amid the growing geopolitical competition between global and regional powers in the indo-pacific; recalls that the added value of eu engagement in the indo-pacific lies in its comprehensive range of civilian and military assistance measures , including well developed non-military contributions; recalls that the eu has a vast network of diplomatic assets to facilitate dialogue on conflict-resolution , legal solutions and expertise in setting up confidence-building measures; ### 4. calls on the eu to make use of its reputation as a credible and reliable actor amid the growing geopolitical competition between global and regional powers in the indo-pacific; recalls that the added value of eu engagement in the indo-pacific lies in its comprehensive range of civilian and military assistance measures , including well developed non-military contributions; recalls that the eu has a vast network of diplomatic assets to facilitate dialogue on conflict-resolution , legal solutions and expertise in setting up confidence-building measures; highlights the increasing relevance of disinformation originating in the indo-pacific which threatens to undermine eu activities in the region and therefore calls on the council and the commission to address this challenge in a similar way like disinformation originating from the eastern flank of the eu;


### 4. calls on the eu to make use of its reputation as a credible and reliable actor amid the growing geopolitical competition between global and regional powers in the indo-pacific; recalls that the added value of eu engagement in the indo-pacific lies in its comprehensive range of civilian and military assistance measures , including well developed non-military contributions; recalls that the eu has a vast network of diplomatic assets to facilitate dialogue on conflict-resolution , legal solutions and expertise in setting up confidence-building measures; ### 4. calls on the eu to make use of its reputation as a credible and reliable actor amid the growing geopolitical competition between global and regional powers in the indo-pacific; recalls that the added value of eu engagement in the indo-pacific lies in its comprehensive range of civilian and military assistance measures , including well developed non-military contributions; recalls that the eu has a vast network of diplomatic assets to facilitate dialogue on conflict-resolution , legal solutions and expertise in setting up confidence-building measures; considers it appropriate to strengthen the diplomatic and consular network of the member states in the region;


### 4. calls on the eu to make use of its reputation as a credible and reliable actor amid the growing geopolitical competition between global and regional powers in the indo-pacific; recalls that the added value of eu engagement in the indo-pacific lies in its comprehensive range of civilian and military assistance measures , including well developed non-military contributions; recalls that the eu has a vast network of diplomatic assets to facilitate dialogue on conflict-resolution , legal solutions and expertise in setting up confidence-building measures; ### 4. calls on the eu to make use of its reputation as a credible and reliable actor amid the growing geopolitical competition between global and regional powers in the indo-pacific; recalls that the added value of eu engagement in the indo-pacific lies in its comprehensive range of civilian and military assistance measures , including well developed non-military contributions; recalls that the eu has a vast network of diplomatic assets to facilitate dialogue on conflict-resolution , legal solutions and expertise in setting up confidence-building measures , which can also be shared with partners that act in the spirit of good faith;


### 4. calls on the eu to make use of its reputation as a credible and reliable actor amid the growing geopolitical competition between global and regional powers in the indo-pacific; recalls that the added value of eu engagement in the indo-pacific lies in its comprehensive range of civilian and military assistance measures , including well developed non-military contributions; recalls that the eu has a vast network of diplomatic assets to facilitate dialogue on conflict-resolution , legal solutions and expertise in setting up confidence-building measures; ### 4. calls on the eu to make use of its reputation as a credible and reliable actor amid the growing geopolitical competition between global and regional powers in the indo-pacific; recalls that the added value of eu engagement in the indo-pacific lies in its comprehensive range of civilian and military assistance measures , including well developed non-military contributions; recalls that the eu has a vast network of diplomatic assets to facilitate dialogue on conflict-resolution , disarmament , non-proliferation and denuclearisation as well as legal solutions and expertise in setting up confidence-building measures;


### 5. stresses its concern that the current tensions and disputes in the region , unless properly mediated and managed , pose a threat to free and open communication in the maritime , air , space and cyber areas , which are essential to maintain regional and global trading routes; ### 5. stresses its concern that the current tensions and disputes in the region , unless properly mediated and managed , pose a threat to free and open communication in the maritime , air , space and cyber areas , which are essential to maintain regional and global trading routes; reiterates the stabilising role that the eu can play in the region and the fact that the eu is a major and indispensable trading partner to most countries in the wider area , including china;


### 6. expresses deep concerns about china’s rapid military build-up , including its test of a hypersonic missile , and its increasingly assertive behaviour , which aims , among other things , to advance its territorial claims in the east and south china seas; highlights that security hotspots and unresolved issues , such as the democratic people’s republic of korea’s nuclear programme , the recent china-india border standoffs , the crackdown on democracy in hong kong , and threats posed by china to the territorial integrity of taiwan , exert further strain on regional security and stability; highlights that the eu’s approach towards china must be unified , pragmatic , multifaceted and principled , including cooperating on issues of shared interest , such as climate change , on the one hand , and competing when it comes to providing economic , political and strategic alternatives to third countries , and confronting china on matters where our respective views diverge substantially , on the other hand; ### 6. expresses deep concerns about china’s rapid military build-up , including its test of a hypersonic missile , and its increasingly assertive behaviour , which aims , among other things , to advance its territorial claims in the east and south china seas; highlights that security hotspots and unresolved issues , such as the democratic people’s republic of korea’s nuclear programme , the recent china-india border standoffs , the crackdown on democracy in hong kong , and threats posed by china to the territorial integrity of taiwan , exert further strain on regional security and stability; highlights that the eu’s approach towards china must be unified , pragmatic , multifaceted and principled , including cooperating on issues of shared interest , such as climate change , on the one hand , and competing when it comes to providing economic , political and strategic alternatives to third countries , and confronting china on matters where our respective views diverge substantially , on the other hand; reiterates that the relationship between china and taiwan should be developed constructively through dialogues , without coercion or destabilizing tactics by either side; stresses the opposition to any unilateral action that may undermine the status quo of the taiwan strait and that any change to cross-strait relations must not be made against the will of taiwan’s citizens;