### 50. highlights the divergences in healthcare systems among member states and among regions within member states , in particular remote rural areas , the outermost regions and peripheral islands; calls for the use of cohesion policy to even out these divergences; ### 50. highlights the divergences in healthcare systems among member states and among regions within member states , in particular remote rural areas , the outermost regions and peripheral islands; calls for the use of cohesion policy to help address these divergences;


### 51. notes that economic support , the government response and stringency indices differed depending on each member state’s income support , fiscal measures and restriction measures; highlights that different demographics and cultural specificities , such as the large population of older people in italy and tourism as an active business sector in southern countries , led to different pandemic socio-economic impacts; ### 51. notes that economic support , the government response and stringency indices differed depending on each member state’s income support , fiscal measures and restriction measures; highlights that different demographics and cultural specificities , and tourism as an active business sector in southern countries , led to different pandemic socio-economic impacts;


### 52. notes that lessons learned showed a lack of investment at eu and member state level in comprehensive , integrated surveillance systems and the management of validated , comparable and interoperable data , which led to poor planning and preparedness , although previous investments in research and development (r&d) made it possible for vaccines to be produced; ### 52. notes that lessons learned showed insufficient investment at eu and member states level in comprehensive , integrated surveillance systems and the management of validated , comparable and interoperable data , which led to poor planning and preparedness , although previous investments in research and development (r&d) facilitated the development of vaccines;


### 54. calls for better coordination to enable the timely stockpiling and joint procurement of medical countermeasures in line with the eu’s civil protection mechanism and the resceu stockpile; ### 54. calls for better coordination to avoid the over-stockpiling of medicines in the member states and to establish a european emergency reserve of essential medicines at high risk of shortage , along the lines of the eu’s civil protection mechanism and the resceu stockpile; notes that , in pandemic situations , uncoordinated national actions can have an adverse effect on the supply of medicines across the eu;


### 54. calls for better coordination to enable the timely stockpiling and joint procurement of medical countermeasures in line with the eu’s civil protection mechanism and the resceu stockpile; ### 54. calls for better coordination to enable the timely stockpiling and joint procurement of medical countermeasures in serious cross-border emergency situations in line with the eu’s civil protection mechanism and the resceu stockpile;


### 55. calls for the eu and the member states to reduce the eu’s dependence on third countries and to act decisively to prevent drug shortages , address supply chain vulnerabilities in the european system of sourcing medical products and active pharmaceutical ingredients from outside europe and ensure better sharing of data from the industry , earlier projections on where shortages may occur in the future and greater transparency in the production and distribution chain of medicinal products; ### 55. calls for the eu and the member states to reduce the eu’s dependence on unreliable trade partners and to act decisively to prevent drug shortages , address supply chain vulnerabilities in the european system of sourcing medical products and active pharmaceutical ingredients from outside europe and ensure better sharing of data from the industry , earlier projections on where shortages may occur in the future and greater transparency in the production and distribution chain of medicinal products;


### 56. underlines the importance of robust ip protection in offering incentives in medicinal research and development , and in making europe the leading place for pharmaceutical r&d ### 56. underlines that robust ip protection is essential in offering incentives in medicinal research and development , and in making europe the leading place for pharmaceutical r&d is of the opinion that ip protection played a key role in the development of vaccines and therapeutics against covid-19; underlines that upholding robust ip protection is foundational for incentivising the pharmaceutical r&d needed for addressing future pandemics;


### 56. underlines the importance of robust ip protection in offering incentives in medicinal research and development , and in making europe the leading place for pharmaceutical r&d ### 56. expresses concerns about the growing trend of eu lagging behind other global players in terms of r&d and clinical trials; underlines the importance to revitalize r&d activities within the eu that will not only create more job opportunities but also enhance the eu's export capacity and global competitiveness; underlines the importance of robust ip protection in offering incentives in medicinal research and development , and in making europe the leading place for pharmaceutical r&d


### 56. underlines the importance of robust ip protection in offering incentives in medicinal research and development , and in making europe the leading place for pharmaceutical r&d ### 56. underlines the benefits of robust ip protection in offering incentives in medicinal research and development , and in its role of making europe the leading place for pharmaceutical r&d


### 57. stresses that stepping up research on and development of responses to pathogens with epidemic and pandemic potential prior to epidemics and pandemics is crucial; recognises that nothing was known about sars-cov-2 and the disease caused by this new virus , including nothing about its genetic sequence (even if the sequence was then shared very soon) or its other characteristics and epidemiological behaviour , such as the methods of infection and transmission and infection , transmission and mutation rates; highlights that , therefore , in the beginning , research was required before a vaccine could be developed and that affected the industry production capacity to develop and deploy vaccines; ### 57. stresses that stepping up research on and development of responses to pathogens with epidemic and pandemic potential prior to epidemics and pandemics is crucial; recognises that at the beginning of the covid-19 pandemic very little was known about sars-cov-2 and the disease caused by this new virus. notes that its characteristics , including its genetic sequence , and epidemiological behaviour , such as modes of transmission as well as infection , transmission and mutation rates , had to be studied and defined through additional research before a vaccine could be developed and produced;


### 57. stresses that stepping up research on and development of responses to pathogens with epidemic and pandemic potential prior to epidemics and pandemics is crucial; recognises that nothing was known about sars-cov-2 and the disease caused by this new virus , including nothing about its genetic sequence (even if the sequence was then shared very soon) or its other characteristics and epidemiological behaviour , such as the methods of infection and transmission and infection , transmission and mutation rates; highlights that , therefore , in the beginning , research was required before a vaccine could be developed and that affected the industry production capacity to develop and deploy vaccines; ### 57. stresses that stepping up research on and development of responses to pathogens with epidemic and pandemic potential prior to epidemics and pandemics is crucial; recognises that nothing was known about sars-cov-2 and the disease caused by this new virus , including limited information about its genetic sequence (even if the sequence was then shared very soon) or its other characteristics and epidemiological behaviour , such as the methods of infection and transmission and infection , transmission and mutation rates; highlights that , therefore , in the beginning , research was required before a vaccine could be developed and that affected the industry production capacity to develop and deploy vaccines;


### 59. highlights that the access to covid-19 tools accelerator demonstrated the power of international collaboration , speed , equity , transparency and innovation , because it enabled a rapid response and an unprecedented level of coordination and collaboration among global health agencies to address the pandemic; emphasises , at the same time , the importance of learning lessons from this initiative; ### 59. highlights that the access to covid-19 tools accelerator (act-a) underlined the importance of international collaboration , speed , equity , transparency and innovation , because it enabled a rapid response and an unprecedented level of coordination and collaboration among global health agencies to address the pandemic; emphasises , at the same time , the importance of learning lessons from this initiative; notes that improving the accessibility of medicines in low- and middle-income countries requires stepping up regulatory and manufacturing capacities in those countries , as well as facilitating technology transfers and training; welcomes team europe initiatives (tei mav+) contributing to these objectives;


### 142. notes that the labour market is still affected by the consequences of the pandemic and 94 % of workers were living in countries with workplace closures just over one year ago29 , moreover the war in ukraine and the food and energy crises have led to a further global economic downturn; ### 142. notes that the labour market was directly affected by the consequences of the pandemic;


### 143. welcomes efforts by the eu to quickly put in place economic measures such as the pandemic emergency purchase programme , the triggering of the general escape clause in the stability and growth pact and the commission’s adoption of an extraordinary state aid framework to help member states and businesses; ### 143. notes efforts by the eu to quickly put in place temporary economic measures such as the ecb’s pandemic emergency purchase programme , the triggering of the general escape clause in the stability and growth pact and the commission’s adoption of an extraordinary state aid framework to help member states and businesses;


### 149. highlights that during lockdowns resulting from the pandemic , male violence towards women increased significantly as the restrictive measures fostered a particularly enabling environment for abusers; notes , moreover that digitalisation drove an observable rise in online abuse particularly affecting vulnerable populations; ### 149. highlights that during lockdowns resulting from the pandemic , violence towards women and children increased significantly as the restrictive measures fostered a particularly enabling environment for abusers and isolated their victims yet further; notes , moreover that digitalisation drove an observable rise in online abuse particularly affecting vulnerable populations;


### 152. reports that social inequalities have always affected children’s mental well-being but that this has become a serious social issue in the wake of the pandemic; notes that the pandemic exacerbated domestic violence and abuse towards children and widened educational and digital divides , particularly for those from disadvantaged backgrounds; believes that school closures also complicated the situation of disadvantaged children making their position even more precarious; ### 152. reports that social inequalities have always affected children’s mental well-being but that this has become a serious social issue in the wake of the pandemic; notes that the pandemic exacerbated domestic violence and abuse towards children , widened educational and digital divides , and had impacts on children’s physical and mental health , particularly for those from disadvantaged backgrounds; believes that school closures also complicated the situation of disadvantaged children making their position even more precarious;


### 154. finds that the pandemic had a disastrous impact on people with disabilities; emphasises that people with disabilities faced discrimination in terms of access to healthcare and difficulty obtaining ppe; stresses that lockdowns resulted in feelings of loneliness , which exacerbated addiction and mental health issues , particularly among low-income families , women , the elderly , children , and people with disabilities , who were the most vulnerable group; notes that the needs of socially disadvantaged groups were not met at the beginning of the first lockdown; points out that social services were not considered critical infrastructure and the important role of socio-economic factors in health risks was not recognised; ### 154. finds that the pandemic had a disastrous impact on people with disabilities and in many cases led to violations of disabled persons’ most basic human rights , such as access to healthcare treatment and long-term care , as well as resulted in feelings of loneliness and isolation , which exacerbated addiction and mental health issues , particularly among low-income families , women , the elderly , children , and people with disabilities , who were the most vulnerable group; notes that due to the difficult situation during the covid-19 crisis , institutions for disabled persons temporarily closed on occasion , and even in the ones that remained open , persons were highly affected during the pandemic due to lack of staff , personal protective equipment and disinfectant products , as well as in some cases experienced appalling treatment conditions (as raised in a number of petitions submitted to the european parliament) and , as a consequence , high rates of illness and increased numbers of deaths; notes that the needs of socially disadvantaged groups were not met at the beginning of the first lockdown; points out that social services were not considered critical infrastructure and the important role of socio-economic factors in health risks was not recognised; recalls the obligations and commitments of the eu and the member states for transition from segregated institutional settings to community and family based care and the promotion of different models of independent living and support; calls on the member states to use the available european and national funds to accelerate this transition and to support individual autonomy and independent living by supporting ways to enhance independence , such as home adaptation or installation of digital detection systems and assistive technologies at home , with full adherence to the provisions and objectives of the uncrpd; urges the commission to take effective measures to make sure that eu funds are used to transition from institutionalized care to community and family-based care , while ensuring the family care in all its diversity;


### 154. finds that the pandemic had a disastrous impact on people with disabilities; emphasises that people with disabilities faced discrimination in terms of access to healthcare and difficulty obtaining ppe; stresses that lockdowns resulted in feelings of loneliness , which exacerbated addiction and mental health issues , particularly among low-income families , women , the elderly , children , and people with disabilities , who were the most vulnerable group; notes that the needs of socially disadvantaged groups were not met at the beginning of the first lockdown; points out that social services were not considered critical infrastructure and the important role of socio-economic factors in health risks was not recognised; ### 154. finds that the pandemic had a disastrous impact on people with disabilities; emphasises that people with disabilities faced discrimination in terms of access to healthcare and difficulty obtaining ppe; stresses that lockdowns resulted in feelings of loneliness , which exacerbated addiction and mental health issues , particularly among low-income families , women , the elderly , children , and people with disabilities , who were the most vulnerable group; notes that the needs of socially disadvantaged groups were not met at the beginning of the first lockdown; points out that social services were not considered critical infrastructure and the important role of socio-economic factors in health risks was not recognised; points out that immunocompromised people may have been especially affected by negative consequences of lockdown measures , as measures in practice applied to this group longer than for non-immunocompromised people;


### 154. finds that the pandemic had a disastrous impact on people with disabilities; emphasises that people with disabilities faced discrimination in terms of access to healthcare and difficulty obtaining ppe; stresses that lockdowns resulted in feelings of loneliness , which exacerbated addiction and mental health issues , particularly among low-income families , women , the elderly , children , and people with disabilities , who were the most vulnerable group; notes that the needs of socially disadvantaged groups were not met at the beginning of the first lockdown; points out that social services were not considered critical infrastructure and the important role of socio-economic factors in health risks was not recognised; ### 154. finds that the pandemic had a disastrous impact on people with disabilities; emphasises that people with disabilities faced discrimination in terms of access to healthcare and difficulty obtaining ppe; stresses that lockdowns ,while inevitable in certain situations , resulted in feelings of loneliness , which exacerbated addiction and mental health issues , particularly among low-income families , women , the elderly , children , and people with disabilities , who were the most vulnerable group; notes that the needs of socially disadvantaged groups were not met at the beginning of the first lockdown; points out that social services were not considered critical infrastructure and the important role of socio-economic factors in health risks was not recognised;


### 154. finds that the pandemic had a disastrous impact on people with disabilities; emphasises that people with disabilities faced discrimination in terms of access to healthcare and difficulty obtaining ppe; stresses that lockdowns resulted in feelings of loneliness , which exacerbated addiction and mental health issues , particularly among low-income families , women , the elderly , children , and people with disabilities , who were the most vulnerable group; notes that the needs of socially disadvantaged groups were not met at the beginning of the first lockdown; points out that social services were not considered critical infrastructure and the important role of socio-economic factors in health risks was not recognised; ### 154. finds that the pandemic had a disastrous impact on people with disabilities; emphasises that people with disabilities faced discrimination in terms of access to healthcare and difficulty obtaining ppe; stresses that lockdowns , while inevitable , resulted in feelings of loneliness , which exacerbated addiction and mental health issues , particularly among low-income families , women , the elderly , children , and people with disabilities , who were the most vulnerable group; notes that the needs of socially disadvantaged groups were not met at the beginning of the first lockdown; points out that social services were not considered critical infrastructure and the important role of socio-economic factors in health risks was not recognised;


### 160. stresses the need to strengthen support for member states’ social policies , with due respect for the principle of subsidiarity , so that no one is left behind; to achieve equal and effective access to social protection , strengthening efforts to achieve higher levels of employment while narrowing inequalities and gender gaps in relation to pay and benefits , and further reinforcing social dialogue; ### 160. stresses the eu’s efforts to support member states’ social policies , with due respect for the principle of subsidiarity , so that no one is left behind; to achieve equal and effective access to social protection , strengthening efforts to achieve higher levels of employment while narrowing inequalities and gender gaps in relation to pay and benefits , and further reinforcing social dialogue;


### 161. calls on the commission and member states to support , strengthen and safeguard freedom of movement (of people , goods and services) in future pandemics and minimise the burden of documentation and legislation; emphasises the need for rules and guidelines on travelling and disease detection to be harmonised between the member states to simplify procedures for smes; ### 161. calls on the commission and member states to support , strengthen and safeguard freedom of movement (of people , goods and services) in future pandemics and minimise the burden of documentation and legislation; emphasises the need for rules and guidelines on travelling and disease detection to be harmonised between the member states to simplify procedures for smes; recalls that the free movement of goods is foundational for well-functioning value chains , notably for vaccines and other medical countermeasures;


### 162. emphasises that the support to mitigate unemployment risks in an emergency (sure) instrument helps safeguard jobs , as do other similar programmes in the form of one-off economic and social solidarity measures in europe , while emphasising that such programmes should be based on loans , and only activated in the event of severe external financial or economic shocks; ### 162. emphasises that the support to mitigate unemployment risks in an emergency (sure) instrument helped safeguard jobs , as did other similar programmes in the form of one-off economic and social solidarity measures in europe , while emphasising that such programmes were based on loans and were only activated due to the severe external financial and economic shocks created by the covid outbreak;


### 165. recommends that lockdowns or other drastic safety measures should be taken in consultation with social partners at all the different stages of an unfolding emergency; ### 165. recommends that lockdowns or other drastic safety measures should be taken in consultation with social partners at all the different stages of an unfolding emergency; believes that a continuous dialogue with social partners , also outside of emergency situations , can strengthen eu resilience and support pandemic preparedness;


### 165. recommends that lockdowns or other drastic safety measures should be taken in consultation with social partners at all the different stages of an unfolding emergency; ### 165. recommends that lockdowns or other drastic safety measures should be taken in consultation with local and regional level authorities , economic and social partners and relevant civil society organisations in accordance with national law and practices at all the different stages of an unfolding emergency;


### 166. concludes that measures to preserve sme jobs where possible through support schemes , income support , upskilling and reskilling of workers , reinforced support to the hardest-hit self-employed sectors should be further boosted; ### 166. concludes that eu member states recognized the critical role that smes play in their economies and implemented various measures to strengthen their position during the pandemic; concludes that measures to preserve sme jobs where possible through support schemes , income support , upskilling and reskilling of workers , reinforced support to the hardest-hit self-employed sectors should be further boosted;


### 167. calls on the member states to take full advantage of rrf funding , which is built on the notion of ‘build back better’ , with a view to reinforcing research and innovation and kick-starting the economy through ambitious proposals and policies , focusing particularly on the green and digital transition , in order to make the eu stronger; ### 167. calls on the member states to take full advantage of rrf funding , which is built on the notion of ‘build back better’ , with a view to reinforcing research and innovation and kick-starting the economy through ambitious proposals and policies , focusing particularly on the green and digital transition , and demographic change , in order to make the eu stronger;


### 167. calls on the member states to take full advantage of rrf funding , which is built on the notion of ‘build back better’ , with a view to reinforcing research and innovation and kick-starting the economy through ambitious proposals and policies , focusing particularly on the green and digital transition , in order to make the eu stronger; ### 167. calls on the member states to take full advantage of rrf funding , which is built on the notion of ‘build back better’ , with a view to reinforcing research and innovation and kick-starting the economy through ambitious proposals and policies , focusing particularly on the green and digital transition and demographic change in order to make the eu stronger;


### 174. calls for the eu and member states to closely monitor the use of rrf funds and their role in supporting measures for children , young people and young families; considers that investments should be made in compensatory policies , focusing on low socio-economic status individuals , programmes to prevent learning deficits , evidence-based education , adaptation of curricula , and investment in technology , school infrastructure and teachers’ professional development; is convinced that more eu funding on research is needed; ### 174. calls for the eu and member states to closely monitor the use of rrf funds and their role in supporting measures for children , young people and young families; considers that investments under the ‘policies for a next generation’ pillar of the rrf should also be made in compensatory policies , focusing on low socio-economic status individuals , programmes to prevent learning deficits , evidence-based education , adaptation of curricula , and investment in technology , school infrastructure and teachers’ professional development; is convinced that more eu funding on research is needed in line with the eu strategy on the rights of the child and the european child guarantee;


### 174. calls for the eu and member states to closely monitor the use of rrf funds and their role in supporting measures for children , young people and young families; considers that investments should be made in compensatory policies , focusing on low socio-economic status individuals , programmes to prevent learning deficits , evidence-based education , adaptation of curricula , and investment in technology , school infrastructure and teachers’ professional development; is convinced that more eu funding on research is needed; ### 174. calls for the eu and member states to closely monitor the use of rrf funds and their role in supporting measures for children , young people and young families; considers that investments should be made in compensatory policies , focusing on low socio-economic status individuals , programmes to prevent learning deficits , evidence-based education , adaptation of curricula , and investment in technology , school infrastructure and teachers’ professional development; is convinced that more eu funding on research is needed in line with the eu strategy on the rights of the child and the european child guarantee;


### 175. calls on the commission to gather more information about the impact of the pandemic on children’s rights and psycho-social development , the empowerment of children regarding their rights , the inclusion of emergency measures concerning children in policy and legislation; ### 175. calls on the commission to gather more information about the impact of the pandemic on children’s rights , such as right to health , in particular with view to long covid in children and psycho-social development , the empowerment of children regarding their rights , the inclusion of emergency measures , but also health consequences of pandemics concerning children in policy and legislation;


### 60. notes that the pandemic put pressure on global supply chains , including the pharmaceutical sector , resulting in disruptions and unpredictability in the supply of vaccines and other countermeasures; ### 60. notes that the pandemic put pressure on global supply chains , including the pharmaceutical sector , resulting in disruptions and unpredictability in the supply of vaccines and other countermeasures; underlines that it is therefore important to introduce policies at eu and national level , aiming at strengthening global supply chains to support the production and free flow of medical countermeasures , such as vaccines , including by removing export restrictions. reiterates the key role that the ecdc should play in aggregating surveillance monitoring data at eu level , and facilitating forecasting of future demands for vaccines and therapeutics against infectious diseases;


### 60. notes that the pandemic put pressure on global supply chains , including the pharmaceutical sector , resulting in disruptions and unpredictability in the supply of vaccines and other countermeasures; ### 60. notes that the pandemic put pressure on global supply chains , including the pharmaceutical sector , resulting in disruptions and unpredictability in the supply of vaccines and other countermeasures; underlines that it is therefore important to introduce eu and national policies aiming at strengthening global supply chains to support the production and free flow of medical countermeasures , including vaccines , also by removing export restrictions within the single market;


### 60. notes that the pandemic put pressure on global supply chains , including the pharmaceutical sector , resulting in disruptions and unpredictability in the supply of vaccines and other countermeasures; ### 60. notes that the pandemic put pressure on global supply chains , including the pharmaceutical sector , resulting in disruptions and unpredictability in the supply of vaccines and other countermeasures; is of the opinion that such challenges of supply chains should be mitigated via initiatives at eu and member state level supporting free trade flows of medical countermeasures and their components;


### 62. calls on the commission to consider new processes to promote the repurposing of medicinal products to facilitate broader off-label use of medicines , including less expensive medicines , whenever there is strong scientific evidence of efficacy and safety for patients in order to avoid shortages of medical countermeasures and the effects of disruption in pharmaceutical global supply chains; highlights , in addition , the opportunity for a new framework to support the marketing and use of drugs with new approved indications; ### 62. calls on the commission to consider new processes to promote the repurposing of medicinal products to facilitate the inclusion of off-label uses of medicines , including less expensive medicines , under a formal authorisation , whenever there is strong scientific evidence of efficacy and safety for patients in order to avoid shortages of medical countermeasures and the effects of disruption in pharmaceutical global supply chains; highlights , in addition , the opportunity for a new framework to support the marketing and use of drugs with new approved indications;


### 66. highlights that a framework for compulsory licensing is provided for under the existing agreement on trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights , enabling governments to supply their citizens with generic versions of patented treatments either through domestic production or foreign imports; ### 66. highlights that a framework for compulsory licensing is provided for under the existing agreement on trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights , enabling governments to supply their citizens with generic versions of patented treatments either through domestic production or foreign imports; recalls the potential harmful effects of compulsory licensing , such as undermining the certainty of ip protection for future innovation; underlines the positive role of voluntary licensing agreements in upscaling production and increasing access to covid-19 vaccines;


### 66. highlights that a framework for compulsory licensing is provided for under the existing agreement on trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights , enabling governments to supply their citizens with generic versions of patented treatments either through domestic production or foreign imports; ### 66. highlights that a framework for compulsory licensing is provided for under the existing agreement on trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights , enabling governments to supply their citizens with generic versions of patented treatments either through domestic production or foreign imports; recalls that through 138 voluntary licensing agreements , tiered pricing policies and partnerships with multilateral organisations , access to covid-19 therapeutics has been provided worldwide through other means than trips waivers;


### 67. acknowledges that the eu is a major exporter of vaccines in the world and that it contributed to the worldwide solidarity efforts with the donation of 500 million doses of vaccines; ### 67. acknowledges that the eu is a major exporter of vaccines in the world and that it contributed to the worldwide solidarity efforts with the donation of 500 million doses of vaccines and therefore a worldwide frontrunner;


### 67. acknowledges that the eu is a major exporter of vaccines in the world and that it contributed to the worldwide solidarity efforts with the donation of 500 million doses of vaccines; ### 67. acknowledges that the eu is the major exporter of vaccines in the world and that it contributed to the worldwide solidarity efforts with the donation of 500 million doses of vaccines;


### 68. believes that the eu needed a common approach for vaccine procurement in order to avoid competition among member states and the undermining of the european project; believes that the exclusivity in the negotiations of vaccines and the early engagement from the member states were successful points in this process; ### 68. believes that the eu needed a common approach for vaccine procurement in order to avoid counter-productive competition among member states and ensure the availability of vaccines for all european citizens , independent of their home member state; believes that the exclusivity in the negotiations of vaccines and the early engagement from the member states were successful points in this process;


### 69. takes the view that joint procurement procedures could provide the eu and its member states with more flexibility according to their needs , whereas negotiations for the advanced purchase agreements were beneficial at a time when the development of vaccines was risky and production lines were prepared without knowing which vaccine would actually succeed or whether the vaccines would actually be approved; ### 69. takes the view that joint procurement procedures could provide the eu and its member states with more flexibility according to their needs , whereas negotiations for the advanced purchase agreements were beneficial at a time when the development of vaccines was risky and production lines were prepared without knowing which vaccine would actually succeed or whether the vaccines would actually be approved; believes that following the model of successful joint procurement of vaccines , the eu should strive to expand joint public procurement of expensive and innovative medicines , especially for the treatment of rare diseases;


### 69. takes the view that joint procurement procedures could provide the eu and its member states with more flexibility according to their needs , whereas negotiations for the advanced purchase agreements were beneficial at a time when the development of vaccines was risky and production lines were prepared without knowing which vaccine would actually succeed or whether the vaccines would actually be approved; ### 69. takes the view that negotiations for the advanced purchase agreements were beneficial at a time when the development of vaccines was risky and production lines were prepared without knowing which vaccine or therapeutic would actually succeed or whether the vaccines would actually be approved; notes in this regard the success in preserving competitiveness among manufacturers and vaccine technologies;


### 70. stresses the importance of new joint eu voluntary public-procurement contracts by the commission and the member states , especially for , but not limited to , emergency medicines and unmet therapeutic needs , to improve their affordability and access to them at eu level; calls for such practices to be explored in areas such as rare diseases and cancer through clearly outlined milestones , objectives and commitments agreed on by all parties involved; highlights the need to ensure high levels of transparency in these initiatives and to apply lessons learned from the joint procurement of covid-19 products; stresses that joint procurement must not risk having a negative impact on supply flows by increasing the risk of shortages in the eu; ### 70. stresses the importance of further research into the potential of new joint eu voluntary public-procurement contracts by the commission and the member states , especially for emergency medicines and unmet therapeutic needs , to improve their affordability and access to them at eu level; calls for such practices to be explored in areas such as rare diseases and cancer through clearly outlined milestones , objectives and commitments agreed on by all parties involved; highlights the need to ensure high levels of transparency in these initiatives and to apply lessons learned from the joint procurement of covid-19 products; stresses that joint procurement must not risk having a negative impact on supply flows by increasing the risk of shortages in the eu;


### 73. observes that the causes of long covid are still scientifically uncertain , as are the specifics of what it includes and its long-term impact; highlights that the eu needs a strategic approach in order to address long covid , focusing on increasing research , training and primary care awareness; ### 73. observes that the risk factors for developing long covid are still scientifically uncertain , as are the pathophysiological mechanisms and its long-term impact; highlights that the eu needs a strategic approach in order to address long covid , focusing on increasing the collection of meaningful , comparable data , research , eu-wide clinical trials , training , primary care awareness; exchange of data , experiences and best practices between member states; and on establishing a common definition , registries , biobanks and reference centres;


### 74. stresses that the pandemic had consequences for the health of patients with communicable diseases (cds) and non-communicable diseases (ncds) linked to delays and disruptions in diagnostics and treatments , particularly for hiv , hepatitis , cancer and rare diseases , with a massive decrease in screenings for breast and colorectal cancer; ### 74. stresses that the pandemic had consequences for the health of patients with communicable diseases (cds) and non-communicable diseases (ncds) linked to delays and disruptions in diagnostics and treatments , particularly for hiv , hepatitis , cancer , rare diseases and obesity , with a massive decrease in screenings for breast and colorectal cancer;


### 79. recognises that restrictions and lockdowns led to a rise in mental health issues , particularly for youth; underlines , therefore , the importance of introducing such limiting measures as a last resort; calls for support for eu governments’ actions on mental health with a focus on youth and children , while taking into account the limitations of eu competence in this area; ### 79. recognises that restrictions and lockdowns led to a rise in mental health issues , particularly for youth , the elderly , immunocomprimized persons and their carers , and other socially distanced groups; underlines , therefore , the importance of introducing such limiting measures as a last resort; calls for support for eu governments’ actions on mental health with a focus on youth and children , while taking into account the limitations of eu competence in this area;


### 79. recognises that restrictions and lockdowns led to a rise in mental health issues , particularly for youth; underlines , therefore , the importance of introducing such limiting measures as a last resort; calls for support for eu governments’ actions on mental health with a focus on youth and children , while taking into account the limitations of eu competence in this area; ### 79. recognises that a rise in mental health issues was an unfortunate and possibly avoidable consequence of restrictions and lockdowns , particularly for youth; underlines , therefore , the importance of introducing such limiting measures in a more reasonable , coordinated and structured manner and as a last resort; calls for support for eu governments’ actions on mental health with a focus on youth and children , with respect to subsidiarity;


### 79. recognises that restrictions and lockdowns led to a rise in mental health issues , particularly for youth; underlines , therefore , the importance of introducing such limiting measures as a last resort; calls for support for eu governments’ actions on mental health with a focus on youth and children , while taking into account the limitations of eu competence in this area; ### 79. recognises a rise in mental health issues was an unfortunate and possibly avoidable consequence of restrictions and lockdowns particularly for youth; underlines , therefore , the importance of introducing such limiting measures in a more reasonable , coordinated and structured manner; calls for support for eu governments’ actions on mental health with a focus on youth and children , with respect to subsidiarity;


### 80. regrets that routine vaccination suffered from setbacks; acknowledges the importance of carrying on and improving these activities to avoid outbreaks of other vaccine-preventable diseases; ### 80. underlines that routine vaccination is the most cost effective public health instrument; regrets that routine vaccination suffered from setbacks; recognises that the pandemic has revealed the vulnerability of immunisation systems worldwide; stresses that the interruption of immunization services raises concerns about the possibility of future outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases; acknowledges the importance of carrying on and improving these activities to avoid outbreaks of other vaccine-preventable diseases;


### 82. underline that mainstreaming one health means better able to prevent , predict , prepare for , detect and respond to global health threats at both global and eu level; recommends that the one health approach be designed and implemented through public policies , legislation and research with the engagement of multiple sectors; ### 82. underline that mainstreaming one health means better able to prevent , predict , prepare for , detect and respond to global health threats at both global and eu level; recommends that the one health approach be designed and implemented through public policies , legislation and research with the engagement of multiple sectors; stresses that pandemic preparedness actions should be taken also in regard to vector control for emerging zoonoses;


### 83. encourages the eu and member states to implement the european health union package , developing a permanent agenda for health and looking at healthcare as an investment; calls for basic health services to be strengthened , as a way of improving the general state of health of the population; ### 83. encourages the eu and member states to implement the european health union package , developing a permanent agenda for health and looking at healthcare as an investment; calls for basic health services to be strengthened , as a way of improving the general state of health of the population; encourages the eu to establish a european platform for the exchange of experience and approaches to address the impact of the effects of long covid;


### 83. encourages the eu and member states to implement the european health union package , developing a permanent agenda for health and looking at healthcare as an investment; calls for basic health services to be strengthened , as a way of improving the general state of health of the population; ### 83. encourages the eu and member states to implement the european health union package , developing a permanent agenda for health and looking at healthcare as an investment; calls for basic health services to be strengthened , as a way of improving the general state of health of the population , effectively disseminating healthy lifestyles through health promotion , education and literacy;


### 83. encourages the eu and member states to implement the european health union package , developing a permanent agenda for health and looking at healthcare as an investment; calls for basic health services to be strengthened , as a way of improving the general state of health of the population; ### 83. encourages the eu and member states to implement the european health union package , developing a permanent agenda for health and looking at improving the health of our populations as an investment and obligation; calls for basic health services to be strengthened , as a way of improving the general state of health of the population;


### 86. urges the further digitalisation of administrative services and , wherever appropriate and feasible , the use of online healthcare services; ### 86. urges the further digitalisation of healthcare management and administrative services and , wherever appropriate and feasible , the use of quality online healthcare services , while taking appropriate measures to protect personal data and ensuring cyber resilience of the national health systems and their infrastructures;


### 86. urges the further digitalisation of administrative services and , wherever appropriate and feasible , the use of online healthcare services; ### 86. urges the further digitalisation of administrative services and , wherever appropriate and feasible , the use of online healthcare services as a tool for health promotion and prevention , as well as treatment;


### 177. recommends that , in future pandemics , schools and other education facilities should remain open , and education policy should be part of an emergency response strategy; ### 177. states that the shift to e-learning during covid-19 posed several challenges for students , teachers , and educational institutions , mainly due to unequal access to technology and internet connectivity , especially for students from low-income families or living in rural areas , resulting in disparities in educational opportunities; highlights that e-learning can never replace traditional physical education; recommends that , in future pandemics , schools and other education facilities should remain open , and education policy should be part of an emergency response strategy;


### 180. welcomes the green paper on ageing and calls for the eu and member states to take urgent action to address the health and care needs of an ageing european population including addressing ncds; ### 180. welcomes the green paper on ageing , the reports on the impact of demographic change and the european care strategy and calls for the eu and member states to take urgent action to address the health and care needs of an ageing european population including addressing ncds;


### 181. notes that as the potential for longevity increases , so does the importance of health-related behaviours at all ages (including middle and older ages); calls therefore for healthy longevity research and measures to better prevent ncds , to reduce the impact of cds , and make ageing an opportunity rather than an adversity; ### 181. notes that as the potential for longevity increases , so does the importance of health-related behaviours at all ages (including middle and older ages); calls therefore for healthy longevity research and measures to better prevent ncds , improve the management and care for ncds , to reduce the impact of cds , and make ageing an opportunity rather than an adversity;


### 186. calls for the eu and member states to invest in a disability-inclusive process of preparedness , to prevent the devastating impacts of future crises; ### 186. calls for the eu and member states to invest in a process of preparedness and communication that is disability-inclusive and takes account of needs of immunocompromised people , to prevent the devastating impacts of future crises; recalls that all member states have ratified the un convention on the rights of persons with disabilities , and underlines in this regard that preparedness plans and pandemic measures must be in line with this;


### 188. notes that it is the governments’ responsibility to facilitate the distribution of medical products and that the wto’s role in this regard is to implement international trade facilitation , to promote international regulatory cooperation in order to boost goods imports and to reduce export bans or restrictions which are detrimental for access to vaccines; ### 188. notes that pandemic has revealed weaknesses in the crisis management system in whole world and that the principle of solidarity was called into question as never before; notes that it is the governments’ responsibility to facilitate the distribution of medical products and that the wto’s role in this regard is to implement international trade facilitation , to promote international regulatory cooperation in order to boost goods imports and to reduce export bans or restrictions which are detrimental for access to vaccines;


### 189. notes the eu’s dependency on external sources of personal protection equipment and questions the role of the wto in terms of supply chains in this regard; ### 189. regrets the eu’s dependency on external sources of personal protection equipment and questions the role of the wto in terms of supply chains in this regard;


### 191. calls for the eu to focus on open strategic autonomy supporting supply chain diversification and resilience , with an open , rules-based multilateral trading system at its core to ensure the global availability of medical products and complemented by a ‘strategic supply chain diversification fund’ to actively support our companies; encourages all countries to join the wto’s agreement on trade in pharmaceutical products and urge for its scope to be extended to all pharmaceutical and medicinal products; ### 191. calls for the eu to focus on open strategic autonomy supporting supply chain diversification and resilience , and reshoring production where needed to address unacceptably high dependencies on third countries , with an open , rules-based multilateral trading system at its core to ensure the global availability of medical products and complemented by a ‘strategic supply chain diversification fund’ to actively support our companies; encourages all countries to join the wto’s agreement on trade in pharmaceutical products and urge for its scope to be extended to all pharmaceutical and medicinal products;


### 192. notes that patent protection is a key incentive for companies to invest in innovation and to produce new medicines; notes , at the same time , that the exclusionary effect of patents may lead to limited market supply and reduced access to medicines and pharmaceutical products; stresses that a balance should be struck between encouraging innovation through the exclusionary effect of patents and ensuring access to medicines and protecting public health; ### 192. notes that patent protection is a key incentive for companies to invest in innovation and to produce new medicines; notes , at the same time , the need for wisely-devised incentives and obligations in pharmaceutical legislation taking into account the relationship with intellectual property rights , to support innovation , access and affordability of medicines , the need to explore new types of incentives for innovative antimicrobials and the need to support development of medicines for children and rare diseases; stresses that a balance should be struck between supporting initiatives to protect ip;


### 192. notes that patent protection is a key incentive for companies to invest in innovation and to produce new medicines; notes , at the same time , that the exclusionary effect of patents may lead to limited market supply and reduced access to medicines and pharmaceutical products; stresses that a balance should be struck between encouraging innovation through the exclusionary effect of patents and ensuring access to medicines and protecting public health; ### 192. notes that patent protection is a key incentive for companies to invest in innovation and to produce new medicines; stresses that a balance should be struck between encouraging innovation through the exclusionary effect of patents and ensuring access to medicines and protecting public health;


### 194. welcomes the fact that the eu and who have been and remain in close cooperation on every aspect of responses to the pandemic; calls for stronger , more coordinated , international cooperation taking a long-term view and with a stronger who at the centre; ### 194. welcomes the fact that the eu and who have been and remain in close cooperation on every aspect of responses to the pandemic; recalls particularly the important role in surveillance and evaluation of european health programmes by the who europe office; calls for stronger , more coordinated , international cooperation taking a long-term view and with a stronger who at the centre;


### 205. notes that the covid-19 task force of the commission’s directorate-general for internal market , industry , entrepreneurship and smes (dg grow) was central to increasing the eu’s strategic autonomy and resilience in the face of the pandemic , by supporting research and innovation , strengthening supply chains , and encouraging greater cooperation and coordination between member states; ### 205. notes that the covid-19 task force of the commission’s directorate-general for internal market , industry , entrepreneurship and smes (dg grow) was central to increasing the eu’s open strategic autonomy and resilience in the face of the pandemic , by supporting research and innovation , strengthening supply chains , and encouraging greater cooperation and coordination between member states;


### 207. considers that although the level of public funding for r&d was sufficient for the rapid development of vaccines , manufacturing capacities in the eu were scaled up too slowly to match needs; ### 207. considers that although the level of public funding for r&d was sufficient for the rapid development of vaccines , manufacturing capacities in the eu were scaled up too slowly to match needs; at the same time , recalls that the complexity of vaccine manufacturing , and of procuring the ‘ingredients’ needed for them demand for global sustainable and resilient supply chain , considering that no country can be certain to be in a position to produce all the vaccines it needs;


### 207. considers that although the level of public funding for r&d was sufficient for the rapid development of vaccines , manufacturing capacities in the eu were scaled up too slowly to match needs; ### 207. considers that although the level of public funding for r&d was sufficient for the rapid development of vaccines , manufacturing capacities in the eu were scaled up too slowly to match needs; recalls that the complexity of vaccine manufacturing , and of procuring the ingredients needed for them , is such that no country can be certain to be in a position to produce all the vaccines it needs;


### 210. emphasises that the eu has taken the lead in the global response and solidarity and must continue to play this role; considers that the eu must continue to lead vaccine solidarity around the world and that vaccine solidarity is part of the eu’s one health approach; ### 210. emphasises that the eu has taken the lead in the global response and solidarity and must continue to play this role; considers that the eu must continue to lead vaccine solidarity around the world and that vaccine solidarity is part of the eu’s one health approach; calls for greater attention by member states to planning , outside of pandemic times , of coordinated efforts in regard to vaccine distribution;


### 213. underlines the need to shift to a more pragmatic trade policy and that targeted protectionist instruments can be appropriate tools to enhance the eu’s bargaining power , protect the eu’s fundamental interests and ultimately ensure that global supply chains are actually open to the eu; ### 213. underlines the need to shift to a more pragmatic trade policy and that targeted instruments can be appropriate tools to enhance the eu’s bargaining power , protect the eu’s fundamental interests and ultimately ensure that global supply chains are actually open to the eu;


### 214. notes the close cooperation between the coalition for epidemic preparedness innovations (cepi) and the global alliance for vaccines and immunizations (gavi) , under the auspices of the who and unicef , leading to the creation of covax , which aimed to ensure that cepi’s funding led to vaccines that would be accessible to all; ### 214. notes that unitaid , a global health agency engaged in low- and middle-income countries was at the forefront of global efforts to ensure equitable access to treatments for covid-19 , including medical oxygen and making 170 million rapid diagnostic tests; notes the close cooperation between the coalition for epidemic preparedness innovations (cepi) and the global alliance for vaccines and immunizations (gavi) , under the auspices of the who and unicef , leading to the creation of covax , which aimed to ensure that cepi’s funding led to vaccines that would be accessible to all;


### 214. notes the close cooperation between the coalition for epidemic preparedness innovations (cepi) and the global alliance for vaccines and immunizations (gavi) , under the auspices of the who and unicef , leading to the creation of covax , which aimed to ensure that cepi’s funding led to vaccines that would be accessible to all; ### 214. notes that covax was co-led by the coalition for epidemic preparedness innovations (cepi) , gavi , the vaccine alliance , the united nations children’s fund (unicef) and the world health organization (who) , aiming to accelerate the development and manufacture of covid-19 vaccines , and ensure global equitable access to vaccines;


### 215. notes that cepi used recoverable loans to secure doses on behalf of covax facilities; underlines the fact that while cepi had some contingency funding solutions it had to rely mostly on fundraising; ### 215. notes that gavi designed and managed the covax facility , covax’s global risk sharing and pooled procurement mechanism , and secured doses for covax through advance purchase agreements (apas) and the covax dose sharing mechanism , leading global procurement and delivery at scale for covax; notes that cepi used recoverable loans to secure doses on behalf of covax facilities; underlines the fact that while cepi had some contingency funding solutions it had to rely mostly on fundraising;


### 216. welcomes the fact that equitable access to vaccines has been the top priority of global foundations , including cepi and gavi , and that cepi has been putting in practice the not-for-profit / no-loss principle for vaccines intended for low- and middle-income countries; ### 216. welcomes the fact that equitable access to vaccines has been the top priority of global foundations , including cepi and gavi , and that cepi has been putting in practice the not-for-profit / no-loss principle for vaccines intended for low- and middle-income countries;


### 88. looks forwards to the inclusion of mental health in the eu health union; ### 88. looks forwards to the inclusion of mental health in the eu health union; calls in this regard for recognition of the effect of arts on health and well-being , including mental health , and the role of arts in pandemic responses across the eu; takes note of initiatives such as open-air or virtual community singing , online concerts , digital theater , and open-air concerts;


### 88. looks forwards to the inclusion of mental health in the eu health union; ### 88. strongly supports the inclusion of mental health in the eu health union;


### 90. believes , considering that by nature pandemics are very unpredictable and with the benefit of hindsight , that lessons need to be learned on how to be better prepared for negotiations with companies in order to avoid ending up with surplus vaccines and medical countermeasures; ### deleted


### 92. recommends that the eu establish adequate systems to provide manufacturers with proper at-risk funding during emergencies in order to quickly adapt and scale-up production , avoiding disruptions and shortages of medicines , medical devices and services; ### 92. recommends that the eu establish adequate systems to provide manufacturers with proper at-risk funding during cross-border emergencies in order to quickly adapt and scale-up production , avoiding disruptions and shortages of medicines , medical devices and services , for instance through reservation fees in joint procurement contracts , which can be particularly helpful for smes;


### 93. calls on the commission to ensure that the revision of the general pharmaceutical legislation builds on a good understanding of the root causes of medicine shortages; highlights the need for the union’s pharmaceutical industry to have a diversified supply chain and a medicine-shortage risk-mitigation plan to cope with any vulnerabilities and risks to the supply chain; ### 93. calls on the commission to ensure that the revision of the general pharmaceutical legislation builds on a good understanding of the root causes of medicine shortages; highlights the need for the union’s pharmaceutical industry to have a diversified supply chain and a medicine-shortage risk-mitigation plan to cope with any vulnerabilities and risks to the supply chain and reshoring the pharmaceutical industry when needed to address unacceptably high dependencies;


### 93. calls on the commission to ensure that the revision of the general pharmaceutical legislation builds on a good understanding of the root causes of medicine shortages; highlights the need for the union’s pharmaceutical industry to have a diversified supply chain and a medicine-shortage risk-mitigation plan to cope with any vulnerabilities and risks to the supply chain; ### 93. calls on the commission to ensure that the revision of the general pharmaceutical legislation builds on a good understanding of the root causes of medicine shortages; highlights the need for the union’s pharmaceutical industry to have a diversified supply chain and a medicine-shortage risk-mitigation plan for defined critical medicines , to cope with any vulnerabilities and risks to the supply chain;


### 100. recommends the simplification and harmonisation of regulatory procedures for the approval of vaccines and medicines in order to improve the fluidity of global supply chains; ### 100. recommends the simplification and harmonisation of regulatory procedures for the approval of vaccines and medicines in order to improve the fluidity of global supply chains; highlights the importance of reducing administrative delays between the submission of a marketing authorisation request for a drug and its authorisation by the european medicines agency , while maintaining a high level of patient safety;


### 100. recommends the simplification and harmonisation of regulatory procedures for the approval of vaccines and medicines in order to improve the fluidity of global supply chains; ### 100. recommends the simplification and harmonisation of regulatory procedures for the approval of vaccines and medicines without lowering safety , efficacy and quality standards , in order to improve the fluidity of global supply chains while ensuring patient safety;


### 102. encourages further investment in r&d , by increasing the resources of the eu framework programme for research and innovation and the eu4health programme , and establishing hera as a future eu agency supporting research to make vaccines available in times of crisis; ### 102. encourages further investment in r&d , by increasing the resources of the eu framework programme for research and innovation and the eu4health programme , and establishing hera as a future eu agency supporting research to make vaccines available in times of crisis; calls on the ema , the european commission and member states to further support the conduct of robust multi-national clinical research in the eu;


### 103. calls for more research to determine the underlying causes , frequency , and best treatment options for long covid and post-acute covid-19 syndrome , since these conditions are still not fully understood; calls therefore for a coordinated programme of surveillance systems that includes data from each member state , using consistent case definitions and methodologies , and encompassing the impact of this condition on health , employment , and the economy; ### 103. calls for more research to determine the underlying causes , frequency , and best treatment options for long covid and post-acute covid-19 syndrome , since these conditions are still not fully understood; calls therefore for a coordinated programme of surveillance systems that includes data from each member state , using consistent case definitions and methodologies , and encompassing the impact of this condition on health , employment , and the economy; calls therefore the commission to use horizon europe funding for long-covid research and commission and member states to use european partnership on rare diseases to fund long-covid research;


### 104. calls on the commission to periodically evaluate and review the incentive system , increase price transparency , and highlight the factors limiting affordability and patient access to medicinal products; ### 104. calls on the commission to provide a stable and predictable incentive system , increase price transparency while respecting business confidentiality , and highlight the factors limiting affordability and patient access to medicinal products;


### 105. encourages responsible ways to enhance transparency regarding public vaccine funding and procurement , the real costs of r&d , and access to clinical trials results and related data through the clinical trial information system; ### 105. encourages responsible ways to enhance transparency regarding public vaccine funding and procurement , the real costs of r&d , and access to clinical trials results and related data through the clinical trial information system , while respecting information subject to business confidentiality;


### 106. urges the commission , member states and manufacturers to communicate the potential side effects of vaccines better and to do so in a consistent and coordinated way so as to avoid vaccine hesitancy and misinformation; ### 106. urges the commission , ema , member states and manufacturers to communicate the potential side effects of vaccines better and to do so in a consistent and coordinated way so as to help address vaccine hesitancy and misinformation;


### 108. welcomes the commission healthier together – eu ncd initiative to support eu countries in identifying and implementing effective policies and actions to reduce the burden of major ncds and improve citizens’ health and well-being; ### 108. welcomes the commission healthier together – eu ncd initiative to support eu countries in identifying and implementing effective policies and actions to reduce the burden of major ncds and improve citizens’ health and well-being; notes that obesity is considered by the european commission as a chronic relapsing disease , which affects almost 60% of europeans; calls in this regard on the commission to include obesity prevention , management and care in its ncd initiative;


### 109. is concerned that during the pandemic the executive branch had the upper hand in emergency decision-making , which undermined the role of the european parliament; calls on the commission and the council to refrain from using article 122 tfeu , and to increase parliamentary control and codecision for various instruments so as to bolster the legitimacy of emergency response actions; ### 109. is concerned that during the pandemic the executive branch had the upper hand in emergency decision-making , which undermined the role of the european parliament; calls on the commission and the council to limit the use of article 122 tfeu , and to increase parliamentary control and codecision for various instruments so as to bolster the legitimacy of emergency response actions;


### — having regard to the charter of fundamental rights of the european union , in particular to articles 31 , 32 , and 35 thereof , ### — having regard to the charter of fundamental rights of the european union , in particular to articles 2 , 11 , 12 , 16 , 21 , 31 , 32 , and 35 thereof ,


### 2. considers that , despite shortcomings and gaps in prevention , preparedness and response , the eu developed a common response to the pandemic and took actions to ensure the swift development and fair distribution of vaccines on the european continent and globally; ### 2. considers that , despite shortcomings and gaps in prevention , preparedness and response , the eu developed a common response to the pandemic and took actions to ensure the swift development and fair distribution of vaccines on the european continent and globally; underlines the potential of taking lessons learned from the covid-19 pandemic response , and using the time until next pandemic to plan at eu and member state level for more efficient cooperation and coordination regarding prevention , preparedness and response , including for the distribution of vaccines;


### 2. considers that , despite shortcomings and gaps in prevention , preparedness and response , the eu developed a common response to the pandemic and took actions to ensure the swift development and fair distribution of vaccines on the european continent and globally; ### 2. considers that , despite shortcomings and gaps in health promotion , diseases prevention , preparedness and response , the eu developed a common response to the pandemic and took actions to ensure the swift development and fair distribution of vaccines on the european continent and globally;


### 3. notes that the covid-19 pandemic acted as a catalyst to speed up transformations on the path to the digital and green transitions , and to pay deeper attention to health; ### 3. notes that the covid-19 pandemic acted as a catalyst to speed up transformations on the path to the digital and green transitions , including a significant uptake of digital health technologies , and to pay deeper attention to health;


### 3. notes that the covid-19 pandemic acted as a catalyst to speed up transformations on the path to the digital and green transitions , and to pay deeper attention to health; ### 3. notes that the covid-19 pandemic acted as a catalyst to speed up transformations on the path to the digital and green transitions , and to pay deeper attention to health across the eu;


### 3. notes that the covid-19 pandemic acted as a catalyst to speed up transformations on the path to the digital and green transitions , and to pay deeper attention to health; ### 3. notes that the covid-19 pandemic acted as a catalyst to speed up transformations on the path to the digital transition , and to pay deeper attention to health;


### 4. highlights that the pandemic exacerbated existing structural issues in the health sector , in particular workforce shortages; ### 4. highlights that the pandemic exacerbated existing structural issues in the health sector , in particular workforce shortages and aggravated shortages of medicinal products and medical equipment with considerable risks to patient health and care;


### 4. highlights that the pandemic exacerbated existing structural issues in the health sector , in particular workforce shortages; ### 4. highlights that the pandemic exacerbated existing structural issues in the health sector , in particular workforce shortages , while also leading to "burnout" (a state of emotional , physical , and mental exhaustion caused by excessive and prolonged stress) among health workers;


### 4. highlights that the pandemic exacerbated existing structural issues in the health sector , in particular workforce shortages; ### 4. highlights that the pandemic exacerbated existing structural issues in the health sector , in particular workforce shortages and fragmented more the access to health services , also due to the poor financial resources;


### 5. affirms the importance of preparedness and resilience in the face of crises , particularly in terms of healthcare systems and supplies , in increasing strategic autonomy in key areas , such as vaccine production and distribution; ### 5. affirms the importance of preparedness and resilience in the face of crises , particularly in terms of healthcare systems and supplies , in increasing strategic autonomy in key areas , such as the production and distribution of vaccines , medicinal products and medical devices;


### 5. affirms the importance of preparedness and resilience in the face of crises , particularly in terms of healthcare systems and supplies , in increasing strategic autonomy in key areas , such as vaccine production and distribution; ### 5. affirms the importance of preparedness and resilience in the face of crises , particularly in terms of healthcare systems and supplies , in increasing open strategic autonomy in key areas , such as production and distribution of vaccines , medicines and therapeutics;


### 5. affirms the importance of preparedness and resilience in the face of crises , particularly in terms of healthcare systems and supplies , in increasing strategic autonomy in key areas , such as vaccine production and distribution; ### 5. affirms the importance of prevention , preparedness and resilience in the face of crises , particularly in terms of healthcare systems and supplies , in increasing strategic autonomy in key areas , such as vaccine production and distribution;


### 9. highlights that the pandemic has increased inequalities between countries and within countries , that life expectancy in europe has dropped for the first time in 50 years and that the future of the universal coverage and social welfare model has been jeopardised; ### 9. highlights that the pandemic has increased inequalities between countries and within countries , that life expectancy in europe has dropped for the first time in 50 years due to the asymmetric demographic impact of the infections and of the fatalities , and that the future of the universal coverage and social welfare model has been jeopardised;


### 9. highlights that the pandemic has increased inequalities between countries and within countries , that life expectancy in europe has dropped for the first time in 50 years and that the future of the universal coverage and social welfare model has been jeopardised; ### 9. highlights that the pandemic has increased inequalities between countries and within countries , that life expectancy in europe has dropped for the first time in 50 years due to the asymmetric demographic impact of the infections and of the fatalities and that health care and social welfare systems were under stress across the eu;


### 9. highlights that the pandemic has increased inequalities between countries and within countries , that life expectancy in europe has dropped for the first time in 50 years and that the future of the universal coverage and social welfare model has been jeopardised; ### 9. highlights that the pandemic has increased inequalities between countries and within countries , that life expectancy in europe has temporarily dropped for the first time in 50 years and that the future of the universal coverage and social welfare model has been jeopardised;


### 12. stresses that europe can only pull through future pandemics if the european family stands together in solidarity and responsibility , and fully utilises its capabilities to coordinate better and deliver the needed added-value to eu governments and their citizens; ### 12. stresses that europe can only pull through future pandemics if the european family stands together in solidarity and responsibility , and fully utilises its capabilities to coordinate better both in pandemic preparedness and management , and deliver the needed added-value to eu governments and their citizens;


### 13. underlines the importance of science-based decision-making and consistent communication with citizens from all the stakeholders involved , including eu and member state public institutions , the scientific community , the private sector and civil society organisations; ### 13. underlines the importance of science-based decision-making and communication; calls for consistent communication , which takes account of different levels of health literacy , with citizens from all the stakeholders involved , including eu and member state public institutions , the scientific community , the private sector and civil society organisations;


### 13. underlines the importance of science-based decision-making and consistent communication with citizens from all the stakeholders involved , including eu and member state public institutions , the scientific community , the private sector and civil society organisations; ### 13. underlines the importance of science-based decision-making and transparent and coordinated communication with citizens from all the stakeholders involved , including eu and member states' public institutions , the scientific community , the private sector and civil society organisations;


### 15. recognises that all the actions taken during the pandemic were meant to safeguard the right to health and life , but that some actions nevertheless implied the existence of limitations on other fundamental rights; highlights that , because the crisis was unprecedented , governments had to take swift action with very little preparation and a lack of internal expertise; ### 15. recognises that all the actions taken during the pandemic were meant to safeguard the right to health and life , but that some actions nevertheless implied the existence of limitations on other fundamental rights; highlights that , because the crisis was unprecedented , governments had to take swift action with very little preparation and a lack of scientific knowledge and internal expertise;


### 15. recognises that all the actions taken during the pandemic were meant to safeguard the right to health and life , but that some actions nevertheless implied the existence of limitations on other fundamental rights; highlights that , because the crisis was unprecedented , governments had to take swift action with very little preparation and a lack of internal expertise; ### 15. recognises that all the actions taken during the pandemic were meant to safeguard the right to health and life , but that some actions nevertheless implied the existence of limitations on other fundamental rights; highlights that , because the crisis was unprecedented , governments had to take swift action with very little preparation and insufficient internal expertise;


### 6. recalls that personalised services to be provided to the workers and self-employed persons consist of the following actions: information , job-search assistance , occupational guidance and outplacement assistance , trainings , retraining and vocational training , and support towards and contribution to business creation , as well as incentives and allowances; ### 6. recalls that personalised services to be provided to the workers and self-employed persons consist of the following actions: information , job-search assistance , including identifying job perspectives in other regions or member states , occupational guidance and outplacement assistance , trainings (inter alia horizontal competencies , reskilling , upskilling and internships) , retraining , vocational training , and support towards and contribution to business creation , as well as incentives and allowances;


### 5. considers that the displaced workers will need additional support to find new employment in the regional labour market , taking into account that 35 % of them belong to the age group 45+ and may experience additional reemployment challenges; , notes that this age group makes up 60 % of the registered job seekers in a coruña , and that alu ibérica is exempted from the legal obligation to provide redeployment support given its bankruptcy; ### 5. considers that the displaced workers will need additional support to find new employment in the labour market , taking into account that 35 % of them belong to the age group 45+ and may experience additional reemployment challenges; notes that this age group makes up 60 % of the registered job seekers in a coruña , and that alu ibérica is exempted from the legal obligation to provide redeployment support given its bankruptcy;


### 7. recalls that personalised services to be provided to the workers and self-employed persons consist of the following actions: information services and preparatory workshops , occupational guidance , training , intensive job-search assistance , tutoring after reintegration into work , as well as incentives , including payments for the participation in agreed reintegration measures , contributions to expenses for commuting and caring of dependents , as well as for outplacement; ### 7. recalls that personalised services to be provided to the workers and self-employed persons consist of the following actions: information , job-search assistance , including identifying job perspectives in other regions or member states , occupational guidance and outplacement assistance , trainings (inter alia , horizontal competencies , re-skilling , up-skilling and internships) , retraining , vocational training , support towards and contribution to business creation , as well as incentives and allowances;


### 1. underlines the exceptionally uncertain eu economic outlook resulting from the lasting impact of the covid-19 pandemic and the consequences of the war against ukraine; ### 1. underlines the exceptionally uncertain eu economic outlook resulting from the lasting impact of the covid-19 pandemic and the consequences of the russian unjustified war against ukraine; highlights the role of nextgenerationeu in the swift , coordinated and united economic policy response to the covid crisis and its contribution to the fast recovery with real gdp expanding by 5.4% in 2021;


### 1. is concerned that the eu is one of the most exposed advanced economies to downward risks , given its geographical proximity to ukraine and heavy reliance on gas imports from russia; notes that the impact of high energy prices and inflation leads to the erosion of household purchasing power; highlights that a reduction in aggregate demand , combined with less favourable financing conditions , could lead to a sharp decline in investment and therefore in economic growth; ### 1. is concerned that the eu is one of the most exposed advanced economies to downward risks , given its geographical proximity to ukraine and heavy reliance on gas imports from russia; notes that the impact of high inflation , and in particular high energy prices , leads to the erosion of household purchasing power; highlights that a reduction in the inflation rate towards target level , while potentially painful in the short run , will create the preconditions for long-term sustainable economic growth;


### 1. is concerned that the eu is one of the most exposed advanced economies to downward risks , given its geographical proximity to ukraine and heavy reliance on gas imports from russia; notes that the impact of high energy prices and inflation leads to the erosion of household purchasing power; highlights that a reduction in aggregate demand , combined with less favourable financing conditions , could lead to a sharp decline in investment and therefore in economic growth; ### 1. is concerned that the eu is one of the most exposed advanced economies to downward risks , given its geographical proximity to ukraine and heavy reliance on gas imports from russia; acknowledges the initiatives of the commission and the council to tackle this problem and its effects; notes that the impact of high energy prices and inflation leads to the erosion of household purchasing power; highlights that a reduction in aggregate demand , combined with less favourable financing conditions , could lead to a sharp decline in investment and therefore in economic growth;


### 2. welcomes the robustness of the labour market; highlights the stabilising effect of national short-time work schemes supported by the european instrument for temporary support to mitigate unemployment risks in an emergency (sure); welcomes the fact that the recovery and resilience facility is mitigating those consequences and contributing to the union’s competitive sustainability; stresses that its successful implementation requires the completion of milestones and targets , in particular compliance with the rule of law and the general regime of conditionality , to be monitored transparently and thoroughly; welcomes the commission’s proposal to include a repowereu chapter in the national recovery and resilience plans; insists that the financing of repowereu must not divert resources away from other eu priorities; ### 2. welcomes the robustness of the labour market; highlights the stabilising effect of national short-time work schemes supported by the european instrument for temporary support to mitigate unemployment risks in an emergency (sure); in particular in cushioning the social and economic consequences of pandemic , preserving human capital in companies and facilitating the ramping up of companies’ activity; welcomes the fact that the recovery and resilience facility is mitigating those consequences and contributing to the union’s competitive sustainability; stresses that its successful implementation requires the completion of milestones and targets , in particular compliance with the rule of law and the general regime of conditionality , to be monitored transparently and thoroughly;


### 2. stresses that while the primary objective of the european central bank (ecb) is to maintain price stability , the primary objective of the union as a whole should be to minimise the impact of current turbulences on the real economy , thereby defending the wellbeing of its citizens and preserving its production structure and the international competitiveness of its companies; underlines , in this regard , the importance of adequate and coordinated fiscal , structural and regulatory policies that complement the ecb’s monetary policy actions , which are also capable of supporting household incomes and providing targeted support to companies suffering from supply bottlenecks and high energy costs; ### 2. stresses that the primary objective of the european central bank (ecb) is to maintain price stability; underlines , in this regard , the importance of adequate and coordinated fiscal , structural and regulatory policies that complement the ecb’s monetary policy actions to bring down inflation; shares ecb president lagarde's consideration that all supportive fiscal policy measures must be temporary , targeted and tailored in order not to furter spur inflation;


### 2. stresses that while the primary objective of the european central bank (ecb) is to maintain price stability , the primary objective of the union as a whole should be to minimise the impact of current turbulences on the real economy , thereby defending the wellbeing of its citizens and preserving its production structure and the international competitiveness of its companies; underlines , in this regard , the importance of adequate and coordinated fiscal , structural and regulatory policies that complement the ecb’s monetary policy actions , which are also capable of supporting household incomes and providing targeted support to companies suffering from supply bottlenecks and high energy costs; ### 2. stresses that the primary objective of the european central bank (ecb) is to maintain price stability , which is a necessary condition in order to defend the wellbeing and purchasing power of our citizens , our production structure and the international competitiveness of our companies; underlines , in this regard , the importance of adequate and coordinated fiscal , structural and regulatory policies that complement the ecb’s monetary policy actions , which do not aggrevate inflation but are also capable of supporting vulnerable household incomes and providing targeted and temporary support to companies suffering from supply bottlenecks and high energy costs;


### 2. stresses that while the primary objective of the european central bank (ecb) is to maintain price stability , the primary objective of the union as a whole should be to minimise the impact of current turbulences on the real economy , thereby defending the wellbeing of its citizens and preserving its production structure and the international competitiveness of its companies; underlines , in this regard , the importance of adequate and coordinated fiscal , structural and regulatory policies that complement the ecb’s monetary policy actions , which are also capable of supporting household incomes and providing targeted support to companies suffering from supply bottlenecks and high energy costs; ### 2. stresses that while the primary objective of the european central bank (ecb) is to maintain price stability , the objectives of the european union are also those set out in article 3 teu; underlines , in this regard , the importance of adequate and coordinated fiscal , structural and regulatory policies that complement the ecb’s monetary policy actions , which are also capable of supporting household incomes and providing targeted support to companies suffering from supply bottlenecks and high energy costs;


### 3. observes the sizeable impact of the nextgenerationeu (ngeu) instrument as estimated by the commission , the ecb and the international monetary fund , in particular an increase in gdp growth of up to 1.5 % higher than without ngeu investment if the instrument is implemented effectively; ### 3. observes the sizeable impact of the nextgenerationeu (ngeu) instrument as estimated by the commission , the ecb and the international monetary fund , in particular an increase in gdp growth of up to 1.5 % higher than without ngeu investment if the instrument is implemented effectively; notes that a key channel for the effectiveness of ngeu is the implementation of the reform component in order to increase the long-term potential output levels of eu member states;


### 3. observes the sizeable impact of the nextgenerationeu (ngeu) instrument as estimated by the commission , the ecb and the international monetary fund , in particular an increase in gdp growth of up to 1.5 % higher than without ngeu investment if the instrument is implemented effectively; ### 3. observes the sizeable impact of the nextgenerationeu (ngeu) instrument as estimated by the commission , the ecb and the international monetary fund , in particular an increase in gdp growth of up to 1.5 % higher than without ngeu investment if the instrument is implemented effectively; stresses that the majority of reforms and investments are yet to be implemented;


### 3. observes the sizeable impact of the nextgenerationeu (ngeu) instrument as estimated by the commission , the ecb and the international monetary fund , in particular an increase in gdp growth of up to 1.5 % higher than without ngeu investment if the instrument is implemented effectively; ### 3. observes the sizeable impact of the nextgenerationeu (ngeu) instrument as estimated by the commission , the ecb and the international monetary fund , in particular an increase in gdp growth of up to 1.5 % higher than without ngeu investment if the instrument is implemented effectively; stresses that the european court of auditors , in its special report 21/2022 , calls for greater transparency and further action to improve the control mechanisms proposed by the member states;


### 4. recalls that the european semester is a well-established framework for coordinating the budgetary , economic , social and employment policies across the european union; ### 4. recalls that the european semester is a well-established framework for coordinating the budgetary , economic , social and employment policies across the european union; recalls that the commission underlines that the european semester aims to identify relevant policy options , clarify policy priorities , provide policy guidance and ensure policy monitoring and follow-up;


### 4. recalls that the european semester is a well-established framework for coordinating the budgetary , economic , social and employment policies across the european union; ### 4. recalls that the european semester for economic policy coordination is a well-established framework for coordinating the budgetary , economic , social and employment policies across the european union;


### — having regard to the paris agreement of the united nations framework convention on climate change and the sustainable development goals , ### deleted


### — having regard to the commission communication of 4 march 2021 entitled ‘the european pillar of social rights action plan’ (com(2021)0102) , ### deleted


### — having regard to the porto social commitment of 7 may 2021 of the council , the commission , parliament and social partners , ### deleted


### — having regard to the proposal for a joint employment report from the commission and the council of 22 november 2022 (com(2022)0783) , ### deleted


### b. whereas the eu labour market has proved particularly resilient , with an additional two million people in employment , leading to a record low unemployment rate of 6.2 % in 2022; whereas according to the commission’s autumn economic forecast the public sector was a key contributor to the increase in employment; whereas despite labour market tightness wage growth has remained moderate; whereas the unemployment rate is expected to increase slightly in 2023 (6.5 %) , before marginally coming down again in 2024 (6.2 %); ### deleted


### b. whereas the eu labour market has proved particularly resilient , with an additional two million people in employment , leading to a record low unemployment rate of 6.2 % in 2022; whereas according to the commission’s autumn economic forecast the public sector was a key contributor to the increase in employment; whereas despite labour market tightness wage growth has remained moderate; whereas the unemployment rate is expected to increase slightly in 2023 (6.5 %) , before marginally coming down again in 2024 (6.2 %); ### b. whereas the eu labour market has proved particularly resilient , with an additional two million people in employment , leading to a record low unemployment rate of 6.2 % in 2022; whereas it is worrying that according to the commission’s autumn economic forecast it was the public sector which was a key contributor to the increase in employment; whereas despite labour market tightness wage growth has remained moderate; whereas the unemployment rate is expected to increase slightly in 2023 (6.5 %) , before marginally coming down again in 2024 (6.2 %);


### c. whereas according to the annual sustainable growth survey , inflation should peak at 10.7 % in 2022 and then gradually decrease to 7.0 % in 2023 and 3 % in 2024; whereas wage growth is expected to only partially mitigate losses in real incomes , without triggering a persistent feedback loop between wages and inflation; ### c. whereas according to the annual sustainable growth survey , inflation should peak at 10.7 % in 2022 and then gradually decrease to 7.0 % in 2023 and 3 % in 2024; whereas inflation excluding energy and food , however , is estimated by the december 2022 ecb projections to rise from 3.9% in 2022 to 4.2% in 2023 , which is far above the ecb's medium-term target of 2%; whereas wage growth is expected to partially mitigate losses in real incomes , which at the moment seems unlikely to trigger a persistent feedback loop between wages and inflation , but may nevertheless contribute to keeping (core) inflation rates signficantly above the ecb's 2% inflation target.


### d. whereas according to the commission’s autumn forecast , the debt-to-gdp ratio is expected to fall to 86 % in the eu at the end of 2022 (94 % in the euro area) from the historically high level of 91.5 % recorded in 2020 (99 % in the euro area); whereas the debt-to-gdp ratio is expected to decline marginally in the eu to around 85 % in 2023 and 84 % in 2024 (92 % and 91 % in the euro area); ### d. whereas according to the commission’s autumn forecast , the debt-to-gdp ratio is expected to fall to 86 % in the eu at the end of 2022 (94 % in the euro area) from the historically high level of 91.5 % recorded in 2020 (99 % in the euro area); whereas the debt-to-gdp ratio is expected to decline marginally in the eu to around 85 % in 2023 and 84 % in 2024 (92 % and 91 % in the euro area); whereas this is significantly above the reference value of 60%;


### 5. recalls the close link between the european semester and the implementation of the rrf , whereby the national recovery and resilience plans (nrrps) are expected to contribute effectively to addressing all or a significant subset of the challenges identified in the relevant country-specific recommendations addressed to each member state in the context of the european semester; ### 5. welcomes the close link between the european semester and the implementation of the rrf , whereby the national recovery and resilience plans (nrrps) are expected to contribute effectively to addressing all or a significant subset of the challenges identified in the relevant country-specific recommendations addressed to each member state in the context of the european semester;