### the enforcement authorities of the member states should have the necessary powers that enable them to effectively gather any factual information by way of information requests . they should have the power to order the termination of a prohibited practice , where applicable . the existence of a deterrent , such as the power to impose fines and the publication of investigation results , can encourage behavioural change and pre - litigation solutions between the parties and should therefore be part of the powers of the enforcement authorities . the commission and the enforcement authorities of the member states should cooperate closely so as to ensure a common approach with respect to the application of the rules set out in this directive . in particular , the enforcement authorities should provide each other mutual assistance , for example by sharing information and assisting in investigations which have a cross - border dimension . ### the enforcement authorities of the member states should have the necessary powers that enable them to effectively gather any factual information by way of information requests . for the effective implementation of this directive , enforcement authorities should have the power to outlaw a prohibited unfair trading practice , impose fines , sanctions and publish the results of investigations . these powers can act as a deterrent and encourage behavioural change and pre - litigation solutions between the parties and should therefore be part of the powers of the enforcement authorities . enforcement authorities should take repeated infringements of this directive into account . the commission and the enforcement authorities of the member states should cooperate closely so as to ensure a common approach with respect to the application of the rules set out in this directive , particularly with regard to fines and sanctions . in particular , the enforcement authorities should provide each other mutual assistance , for example by sharing information and assisting in investigations which have a cross - border dimension .


### the enforcement authorities of the member states should have the necessary powers that enable them to effectively gather any factual information by way of information requests . they should have the power to order the termination of a prohibited practice , where applicable . the existence of a deterrent , such as the power to impose fines and the publication of investigation results , can encourage behavioural change and pre - litigation solutions between the parties and should therefore be part of the powers of the enforcement authorities . the commission and the enforcement authorities of the member states should cooperate closely so as to ensure a common approach with respect to the application of the rules set out in this directive . in particular , the enforcement authorities should provide each other mutual assistance , for example by sharing information and assisting in investigations which have a cross - border dimension . ### the enforcement authorities of the member states should have the necessary powers that enable them to effectively gather any factual information by way of information requests . for the effective implementation of this directive , enforcement authorities should have the power to prohibit unfair trading practice , impose fines and sanctions and publish the results of their investigations . those powers can act as a deterrent and encourage behavioural change and pre - litigation solutions between the parties and should therefore be part of the powers of the enforcement authorities . enforcement authorities should take repeated infringements of this directive into account . the commission and the enforcement authorities of the member states should cooperate closely so as to ensure a common approach with respect to the application of the rules set out in this directive , particularly with regard to fines and sanctions . in particular , the enforcement authorities should provide each other mutual assistance , for example by sharing information and assisting in investigations which have a cross - border dimension .


### the rules laid down in this directive should not impair the possibility for the member states to maintain existing rules that are further - reaching or to adopt such rules in the future , subject to the limits of union law applicable to the functioning of the internal market . the rules would apply alongside voluntary governance measures . ### the rules laid down in this directive should not impair the possibility for the member states to maintain existing rules that are further - reaching or to adopt such rules in the future , subject to the limits of union law applicable to the functioning of the internal market , in particular the principles of the free circulation of goods and services , freedom of establishment , non - distrimination and access to an impartial and independent judicial review . the rules would apply alongside voluntary governance measures .


### the rules laid down in this directive should not impair the possibility for the member states to maintain existing rules that are further - reaching or to adopt such rules in the future , subject to the limits of union law applicable to the functioning of the internal market . the rules would apply alongside voluntary governance measures . ### the rules laid down in this directive should not impair the possibility for the member states to maintain existing rules that are stricter or to adopt such rules in the future , subject to the limits of union law applicable to the functioning of the internal market . the rules should be subject to a pre - notification procedure and would apply alongside voluntary governance measures .


### “supplier” means any agricultural producer or any natural or legal person , irrespective of their place of establishment , who sells food products . the term “supplier” may include a group of such agricultural producers or such natural and legal persons , including producer organisations and associations of producer organisations ; ### ' supplier ' means any agricultural producer or any natural or legal person , established in the union , who sells agri - food products . the term ' supplier ' may include a group of such agricultural producers or such natural and legal persons , including producer organisations and associations of producer organisations ;


### “supplier” means any agricultural producer or any natural or legal person , irrespective of their place of establishment , who sells food products . the term “supplier” may include a group of such agricultural producers or such natural and legal persons , including producer organisations and associations of producer organisations ; ### “supplier” means any agricultural producer or any natural or legal person , irrespective of their place of establishment , who sells agricultural and food products . the term “supplier” may include a group of such agricultural producers or such natural and legal persons , including agricultural cooperatives , producer organisations and associations of producer organisations ;


### if a payment is requested by the buyer for the situations described in points , and of paragraph 2 , the buyer shall , if requested by the supplier , provide the supplier with an estimate of the payments per unit or overall , whichever is appropriate , and insofar as the situations described in points and of paragraph 2 are concerned also an estimate of the costs and the basis for such estimate . ### if a payment is requested by the buyer for the situations described in points , and of paragraph 2 : this payment must strictly be linked to the service provided and the costs incurred by the buyer ; the buyer shall provide the supplier with an estimate of the payments per unit or overall , whichever is appropriate , and insofar as the situations described in points and of paragraph 2 are concerned also an estimate of the costs and the basis for such estimate .


### member states may provide for rules designed to combat unfair trading practices going beyond those set out in articles 3 , 5 , 6 and 7 , provided that such national rules are compatible with the rules on the functioning of the internal market . ### with a view to ensuring a higher level of protection , member states may maintain or introduce rules designed to combat unfair trading practices which are stricter than those set out in this directive , provided that such national rules are compatible with the rules on the functioning of the internal market . 2 . this directive shall be without prejudice to national rules aimed at combating unfair trading practices that are not within the scope of this directive , provided that such rules are compatible with the rules on the functioning of the internal market .


### it is the union ' s objective to strengthen its scientific and technological bases and encourage its competitiveness , including in its industry , while promoting all research and innovation activities to deliver on the union ' s strategic priorities , which ultimately aim at promoting peace , the union ' s values and the well - being of its peoples . ### it is the union ' s objective to promote social progress , strengthen its scientific and technological bases and encourage sustainability and resilience of its society and its competitiveness , including in its industry , while promoting all research and innovation activities to deliver on the union ' s strategic priorities and fulfil its commitments , which aim at tackling global societal challenges and promoting peace , the union ' s values , the well - being of its peoples and sustainable development .


### to deliver scientific , economic and societal impact in pursuit of this general objective , the union should invest in research and innovation through horizon europe - a framework programme for research and innovation 2021 - 2027 to support the creation and diffusion of high - quality knowledge and technologies , to strengthen the impact of research and innovation in developing , supporting and implementing union policies , to support the uptake of innovative solutions in industry and society to address global challenges and promote industrial competitiveness ; to foster all forms of innovation , including breakthrough innovation , and strengthen market deployment of innovative solutions ; and optimise the delivery of such investment for increased impact within a strengthened european research area . ### to deliver scientific , economic and societal impact in pursuit of this general objective , the union should invest in research and innovation through horizon europe - a framework programme for research and innovation 2021 - 2027 to support the creation , diffusion and transfer of high - quality knowledge and technologies , to strengthen the impact of research and innovation in addressing global societal challenges as defined by the sustainable development goals and in the paris agreement , and in developing , supporting and implementing union policies and international commitments , to support the uptake of innovative solutions in industry and society to foster economic growth , improve people’s well - being , create jobs address global challenges , actively accompany our transition towards sustainable growth , and promote industrial competitiveness ; to foster all forms of innovation , including breakthrough innovation , and strengthen market deployment of innovative solutions ; and optimise the delivery of such investment for increased impact within a strengthened european research area .


### to deliver scientific , economic and societal impact in pursuit of this general objective , the union should invest in research and innovation through horizon europe - a framework programme for research and innovation 2021 - 2027 to support the creation and diffusion of high - quality knowledge and technologies , to strengthen the impact of research and innovation in developing , supporting and implementing union policies , to support the uptake of innovative solutions in industry and society to address global challenges and promote industrial competitiveness ; to foster all forms of innovation , including breakthrough innovation , and strengthen market deployment of innovative solutions ; and optimise the delivery of such investment for increased impact within a strengthened european research area . ### to deliver scientific , economic , climate and societal impact in pursuit of this general objective , the union should invest in research and innovation through horizon europe - a framework programme for research and innovation 2021 - 2027 to support the creation and diffusion of high - quality knowledge and technologies , to strengthen the impact of research and innovation in developing , supporting and implementing union policies and commitments , to support the uptake of innovative solutions in industry and society to address global challenges , including those embodied by the un sustainability goals and in the paris agreement on climate change and promote industrial competitiveness , to stimulate economic growth , job creation and higher quality of life ; to foster all forms of innovation , including incremental , breakthrough and non technological innovation , and strengthen market deployment of innovative and sustainable solutions ; and optimise the delivery of such investment for increased impact within a strengthened european research area , placing special emphasis on young researchers and developers , and strengthening the value of the eu , notably for smes and start - ups , and promoting its technological autonomy in strategic areas .


### open science , open innovation , open to the world constitute general principles , which should ensure excellence and impact of the union ' s investment in research and innovation . they should be adhered in the implementation of the programme , in particular for the strategic planning in respect of the pillar ' global challenges and industrial competitiveness ' . ### open science , open innovation , open to the world constitute general principles , which should ensure excellence and impact of the union ' s investment in research and innovation , both within the eu and under programmes of cooperation with third countries to achieve the proposed goals . they should be adhered in the implementation of the programme , in particular for the strategic planning in respect of the pillar ' global challenges and industrial competitiveness ' .


### the conception and design of the programme should respond to the need for establishing a critical mass of supported activities , throughout the eu union and through international cooperation , in line with the un sustainable development goals . programme implementation should reinforce the pursuit of this aim . ### the conception and design of the programme should respond to the need for establishing a critical mass of supported activities , throughout the european union , with balanced roles of research , academia and industry , and through targeted international cooperation , safeguarding balanced participation of all member states in the programme , in line with the un sustainable development goals . programme implementation should reinforce the pursuit of this aim .


### the programme should maintain a balanced approach between bottom - up and top - down funding , according to the nature of the research and innovation communities that are engaged , the types and purpose of the activities carried out and the impacts that are sought . the mix of these factors should determine the choice of approach for the respective parts of the programme , all of which contribute to all of the programme’s general and specific objectives . ### the programme should maintain a balanced approach between bottom - up and top - down funding , according to the nature of the research and innovation communities that are engaged , the types and purpose of the activities carried out and the impacts that are sought . the mix of these factors should determine the choice of approach for the respective parts of the programme , all of which contribute to all of the programme’s general and specific objectives . the balance between basic and applied research should be ensured .


### the programme should maintain a balanced approach between bottom - up and top - down funding , according to the nature of the research and innovation communities that are engaged , the types and purpose of the activities carried out and the impacts that are sought . the mix of these factors should determine the choice of approach for the respective parts of the programme , all of which contribute to all of the programme’s general and specific objectives . ### the programme should maintain a balanced and clear approach between bottom - up and top - down funding , according to the nature of the research and innovation communities that are engaged , the types and purpose of the activities carried out and the impacts that are sought . the mix of these factors should determine the choice of approach for the respective parts of the programme , all of which contribute to all of the programme’s general and specific objectives .


### research activities carried out under the pillar ' open science ' should be determined according to the needs and opportunities of science . the research agenda should be set in close liaison with the scientific community . research should be funded on the basis of excellence . ### research activities carried out under the pillar ' excellent and open science’ should be determined according to the needs and opportunities of science . the research agenda should be set in close liaison with the scientific community . research should be funded on the basis of excellence , taking into account when relevant the territorial dimension in targeted initiatives such as the eit regional innovation scheme , as well as taking into consideration smart specialisation strategies at national and regional levels , in order to ensure the development of an overall union capacity for innovation .


### the pillar ' global challenges and industrial competitiveness ' should be established through clusters of research and innovation activities , in order to maximise integration across the respective work areas while securing high and sustainable levels of impact in relation to the resources that are expended . it will encourage cross - disciplinary , cross - sectoral , cross - policy and cross - border collaboration in pursuit of the un sdgs and the competitiveness of the union ' s industries therein . ### the pillar ' global challenges and industrial competitiveness ' should be established through clusters of research and innovation activities , with a particular focus on supporting small and medium - sized enterprises , especially those developed by young people , in order to maximise integration across the respective work areas while securing high and sustainable levels of impact in relation to the resources that are expended . it will encourage cross - disciplinary , cross - sectoral , cross - policy , cross - border and cross - regional collaboration in pursuit of the un sdgs , the competitiveness of the union ' s industries , as well as of its cities and regions and the eu’s commitments under the paris agreement .


### the pillar ' global challenges and industrial competitiveness ' should be established through clusters of research and innovation activities , in order to maximise integration across the respective work areas while securing high and sustainable levels of impact in relation to the resources that are expended . it will encourage cross - disciplinary , cross - sectoral , cross - policy and cross - border collaboration in pursuit of the un sdgs and the competitiveness of the union ' s industries therein . ### european research priorities extend beyond scientific ambitions . they include support for human well - being , environmental stability and economic sustainability . the pillar ' global challenges and industrial competitiveness ' should be established through clusters of research and innovation activities , in order to maximise integration across the respective work areas while securing high and sustainable levels of impact in relation to the resources that are expended . it will also facilitate the development of appropriate metrics and evaluation criteria methodologies to measure policy and programme impact on all dimensions of sustainable development , including human development .


### full engagement of industry in the programme , at all levels from the individual entrepreneur and small and medium - sized enterprises to large scale enterprises , should constitute one of the main channels through which the programme ' s objectives are to be realised , specifically towards the creation of sustainable jobs and growth . industry should contribute to the perspectives and priorities established through the strategic planning process which should support the development of work programmes . such engagement by industry should see its participation in the actions supported at levels at least commensurate with those under the previous framework programme horizon 2020 established by regulation no 1291 / 2013 of the european parliament and the council ### full engagement of industry in the programme , at all levels from the individual entrepreneur and small and medium - sized enterprises to large scale enterprises and producer groups , should constitute one of the main channels through which the programme ' s objectives are to be realised , specifically towards the creation of sustainable jobs and growth . industry should contribute to the perspectives and priorities established through the strategic planning process which should support the development of work programmes . such engagement by industry should see its participation in the actions supported at levels at least commensurate with those under the previous framework programme horizon 2020 established by regulation no 1291 / 2013 of the european parliament and the council .


### full engagement of industry in the programme , at all levels from the individual entrepreneur and small and medium - sized enterprises to large scale enterprises , should constitute one of the main channels through which the programme ' s objectives are to be realised , specifically towards the creation of sustainable jobs and growth . industry should contribute to the perspectives and priorities established through the strategic planning process which should support the development of work programmes . such engagement by industry should see its participation in the actions supported at levels at least commensurate with those under the previous framework programme horizon 2020 established by regulation no 1291 / 2013 of the european parliament and the council1 . ### the implementation of horizon europe should respond to the evolving opportunities and needs from citizens , society , policy , science and technology and industry . full engagement of industry in the programme , at all levels from the individual entrepreneur and small and medium - sized enterprises to large scale enterprises , should constitute one of the main channels through which the programme ' s objectives are to be realised , specifically towards the creation of sustainable jobs and growth . industry and civil society organisations should contribute in a transparent way , also through multi - stakeholders consultations , to the perspectives and priorities established through the strategic planning process which should support the development of work programmes . such engagement by industry and civil society organisations should see its participation in the actions supported at levels at least commensurate with those under the previous framework programme horizon 2020 established by regulation no 1291 / 2013 of the european parliament and the council1 and should ensure that societal concerns and needs are addressed adequately , and that both economic and societal innovation is being pursued .


### it is important to support industry to stay or become world leader in innovation , digitisation and decarbonisation , notably through investments in key enabling technologies that will underpin tomorrow ' s business . the programme ' s actions should be used to address market failures or sub - optimal investment situations , in a proportionate manner , without duplicating or crowding out private financing and have a clear european added value . this will ensure consistency between the actions of the programme and eu state aid rules , avoiding undue distortions of competition in the internal market . ### it is essential to support industry to stay or become world leader in innovation , digitisation , resource efficiency , circular economy and decarbonisation , notably through investments in key enabling technologies that will underpin tomorrow ' s business and support the transition towards the net zero emissions goal adopted in the paris agreement in a cost - efficient way . the programme ' s actions should be used to address global challenges as embodied in the paris agreement and the un sdgs , market failures or sub - optimal investment situations , in a proportionate manner , without duplicating or crowding out private financing and have a clear european added value . this will ensure consistency between the actions of the programme and eu state aid rules , avoiding undue distortions of competition in the internal market .


### it is important to support industry to stay or become world leader in innovation , digitisation and decarbonisation , notably through investments in key enabling technologies that will underpin tomorrow ' s business . the programme ' s actions should be used to address market failures or sub - optimal investment situations , in a proportionate manner , without duplicating or crowding out private financing and have a clear european added value . this will ensure consistency between the actions of the programme and eu state aid rules , avoiding undue distortions of competition in the internal market . ### it is important to support industry to stay or become world leader in new technologies and innovation , including in eco - innovation , resource and energy efficient processes , digitisation and decarbonisation , notably through investments in key enabling technologies that will underpin tomorrow ' s business and will also contribute to the transition towards a net - zero carbon economy by 2050 . the programme ' s actions should support technological development necessary to enforce the eu’s industry on an increasingly competitive global market and be used to address market failures or sub - optimal investment situations , in a proportionate manner , without duplicating or crowding out private financing and have a clear european added value , fair return on investments and should also foster quality employment . this will ensure consistency between the actions of the programme and eu state aid rules , avoiding undue distortions of competition in the internal market .


### the programme should seek synergies with other union programmes , from their design and strategic planning , to project selection , management , communication , dissemination and exploitation of results , to monitoring , auditing and governance . with a view to avoiding overlaps and duplication and increasing the leverage of union funding , transfers from other union programmes to horizon europe activities can take place . in such cases they will follow horizon europe rules . ### in order to break silo approaches within and between union policies , the programme should seek synergies with other union programmes , from their design and strategic planning , to project selection , management , communication , dissemination and exploitation of results , to monitoring , auditing and governance . missions should be established to bring all relevant actors around a common purpose . missions should have a clear eu - added value and contribute to reaching union priorities ; they should be bold and inspirational and have clear and significant societal relevance . the eradication of paediatric cancer by 2040 would be a first ambitious yet realistic mission for the union . with a view to avoiding overlaps and duplication , it is necessary to verify interaction with other programmes . in order to increase the leverage of union funding , transfers from other union programmes to horizon europe activities can take place . in such cases they will follow horizon europe rules .


### the programme should seek synergies with other union programmes , from their design and strategic planning , to project selection , management , communication , dissemination and exploitation of results , to monitoring , auditing and governance . with a view to avoiding overlaps and duplication and increasing the leverage of union funding , transfers from other union programmes to horizon europe activities can take place . in such cases they will follow horizon europe rules . ### the programme should seek synergies with other union programmes , especially with the esi funds , from their design and strategic planning , to project selection , management , communication , including informing potential beneficiaries , dissemination and exploitation of results , to monitoring , auditing and governance . with a view to avoiding overlaps and duplication and increasing the leverage of union funding , transfers from other union programmes to horizon europe activities can take place , in justified cases , on a voluntary basis . in such cases they will follow horizon europe rules , but they will be used only for the benefit of the member state deciding to make the transfer .


### the programme should seek synergies with other union programmes , from their design and strategic planning , to project selection , management , communication , dissemination and exploitation of results , to monitoring , auditing and governance . with a view to avoiding overlaps and duplication and increasing the leverage of union funding , transfers from other union programmes to horizon europe activities can take place . in such cases they will follow horizon europe rules . ### the programme should seek synergies with other union programmes , from their design , simplification and strategic planning , to project selection , management , communication , dissemination and exploitation of results , to monitoring , auditing and governance . with a view to avoiding overlaps and duplication and increasing the leverage of union funding , transfers from other union programmes to horizon europe activities can take place . in such cases they will follow horizon europe rules .


### in order to achieve the greatest possible impact of union funding and the most effective contribution to the union ' s policy objectives , the programme should enter into european partnerships with private and / or public sector partners . such partners include industry , research organisations , bodies with a public service mission at local , regional , national or international level , and civil society organisations such as foundations that support and / or carry out research and innovation , provided that desired impacts can be achieved more effectively in partnership than by the union alone . ### in order to achieve the greatest possible impact of union funding and the most effective contribution to the union ' s policy objectives and fulfilment of its commitments , the programme should enter into european partnerships with private and / or public sector partners . such partners include industry , producer groups where appropriate , research organisations , local and regional authorities and other bodies with a public service mission at local , regional , national or international level , and both national and international civil society organisations such as foundations , including regional innovation ecosystems , where appropriate , that support and / or carry out research and innovation , provided that desired impacts can be achieved more effectively in partnership than by the union alone . territorial diversity should also be considered where appropriate , in order to exploit the potential of the different territories in the eu at its best .


### the programme should strengthen cooperation between european partnerships and private and / or public sector partners at the international level including by joining up research and innovation programmes and cross - border investment in research and innovation bringing mutual benefits to people and businesses while ensuring that the eu can uphold its interests in strategic areas14 . _________________ 14 see e . g . the commission ' s proposal for a regulation establishing a framework for screening foreign direct investment into the eu 487 ) . ### the programme should strengthen cooperation between european partnerships and private and / or public sector partners at the international level including by joining up research and innovation programmes and supporting european innovation ecosystems and cross - border investment in research and innovation , with a particular focus on new technologies , bringing mutual benefits to people and businesses while ensuring that the eu can uphold its interests in strategic areas14 . _________________ 14 see e . g . the commission ' s proposal for a regulation establishing a framework for screening foreign direct investment into the eu 487 ) .


### the pillar ' open innovation ' should establish a series of measures for integrated support to the needs of entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship aiming at realising and accelerating breakthrough innovation for rapid market growth . it should attract innovative companies with potential for scaling up at international and at union level and offer fast , flexible grants and co - investments , including with private investors . these objectives should be pursued through the creation of a european innovation council . this pillar should also support the european institute of innovation and technology and european innovation ecosystems at large , notably through co - funding partnerships with national and regional innovation support actors . ### the pillar ' innovative europe ' should establish a series of measures for integrated support to the needs of entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship aiming at realising and accelerating breakthrough innovation for rapid market growth . it should attract innovative companies , in particular smes and start - ups , with potential for scaling up at international and at union level and offer fast , flexible grants and co - investments , including with private investors . these objectives should be pursued through the creation of a european innovation council . this pillar should also support the european institute of innovation and technology and european innovation ecosystems at large , notably through co - funding partnerships with national and also regional innovation support actors , in order to ensure the development of an overall union capacity for innovation and excellence , aiming at the widest territorial coverage of funding under horizon europe programme .


### through eic blended finance , the accelerator should bridge the “valley of death” between research , pre - mass commercialisation and the scaling - up of companies . in particular , the accelerator should provide support to operations presenting such technological or market risks that they are not considered as bankable and cannot leverage significant investments from the market , hence complementing the investeu programme established by regulation …15 . . _________________ 15 null ### through eic blended finance , the accelerator should bridge the gap between research , pre - mass commercialisation and the scaling - up of companies . in particular , the accelerator should provide support to operations presenting such technological or market risks that they are not considered as bankable and cannot leverage significant investments from the market , hence complementing the investeu programme established by regulation …15 . .


### the eit , primarily through its knowledge and innovation communities , should aim at strengthening innovation ecosystems that tackle global challenges , by fostering the integration of business , research , higher education and entrepreneurship . the eit should foster innovation in its activities and should support the integration of higher education within the innovation ecosystem , in particular by : stimulating entrepreneurial education , fostering strong non - disciplinary collaborations between industry and academia ; and identifying prospective skills for future innovators to address global challenges , which includes advanced digital and innovation skills . support schemes provided by the eit should benefit to eic beneficiaries , while start - ups emerging from eit kics should have access to eic actions . while the eit’s focus on innovation ecosystems should make it naturally fit within the pillar ' open innovation ' , the planning of its kics should be aligned through the strategic planning process with the pillar ' global challenges and industrial competitiveness ' . ### the eit , primarily through its knowledge and innovation communities , should aim at strengthening innovation ecosystems that tackle global challenges , by fostering the integration of business , research , higher education and entrepreneurship . the eit should foster innovation in its activities , facilitate access to research and innovation and support the integration of higher education within the innovation ecosystem , in particular by : stimulating entrepreneurial education , fostering strong non - disciplinary collaborations between industry and academia ; and identifying prospective skills for future innovators to address global challenges , which includes advanced digital and innovation skills . support schemes provided by the eit should benefit to eic beneficiaries , while start - ups emerging from eit kics should have access to eic actions . while the eit’s focus on innovation ecosystems should make it naturally fit within the pillar ' open innovation ' , the planning of its kics should be aligned through the strategic planning process with the pillar ' global challenges and industrial competitiveness ' .


### the eit , primarily through its knowledge and innovation communities , should aim at strengthening innovation ecosystems that tackle global challenges , by fostering the integration of business , research , higher education and entrepreneurship . the eit should foster innovation in its activities and should support the integration of higher education within the innovation ecosystem , in particular by : stimulating entrepreneurial education , fostering strong non - disciplinary collaborations between industry and academia ; and identifying prospective skills for future innovators to address global challenges , which includes advanced digital and innovation skills . support schemes provided by the eit should benefit to eic beneficiaries , while start - ups emerging from eit kics should have access to eic actions . while the eit’s focus on innovation ecosystems should make it naturally fit within the pillar ' open innovation ' , the planning of its kics should be aligned through the strategic planning process with the pillar ' global challenges and industrial competitiveness ' . ### the eit , primarily through its knowledge and innovation communities , should aim at strengthening innovation ecosystems that tackle global challenges , by fostering the integration of business , research , higher education and entrepreneurship , including social entrepreneurship . the eit should foster innovation in its activities and should support the integration of higher education within the innovation ecosystem , in particular by : stimulating entrepreneurial education ; fostering strong non - disciplinary collaborations between industry and academia ; and identifying prospective skills for future innovators to address global challenges , which includes advanced digital and innovation skills . support schemes provided by the eit should benefit eic beneficiaries , while start - ups emerging from eit kics should have access to eic actions . while the eit’s focus on innovation ecosystems should make it naturally fit within the ' open innovation ' pillar , the planning of its kics should be aligned through the strategic planning process with the ' global challenges and industrial competitiveness ' pillar . cooperation with pillar ii and the missions under development is also important ; the development of a smoothly - functioning distribution of tasks and coordination between the eic and the eit is also important if overlapping is to be avoided .


### the programme should promote and integrate cooperation with third countries and international organisations and initiatives based on common interest , mutual benefit and global commitments to implement the un sdgs . international cooperation should aim to strengthen the union ' s research and innovation excellence , attractiveness and economic and industrial competitiveness , to tackle global challenges , as embodied in the un sdgs , and to support the union ' s external policies . an approach of general opening for international participation and targeted international cooperation actions should be followed , including through appropriate eligibility for funding of entities established in low to middle income countries . at the same time , association of third countries to the programme should be promoted . ### the programme should promote and integrate cooperation with third countries and international organisations and initiatives based on common interest , mutual benefits and global commitments to implement the un sdgs and the paris agreement . international cooperation should aim to strengthen the union ' s research and innovation excellence , including eco - innovation , attractiveness and economic and industrial sustainability and competitiveness , to tackle societal challenges , as embodied in the un sdgs and the paris agreement , and to support the union ' s external policies . an approach of general opening for fair access and international participation and targeted international cooperation actions should be followed , including through appropriate eligibility for funding of entities established in low to middle income countries . at the same time , association of third countries to the programme should be promoted . where appropriate , synergies with other programmes implemented by the eu with third countries and international organisation should be established .


### with the aim of deepening the relationship between science and society and maximising benefits of their interactions , the programme should engage and involve citizens and civil society organisations in co - designing and co - creating responsible research and innovation agendas and contents , promoting science education , making scientific knowledge publicly accessible , and facilitating participation by citizens and civil society organisations in its activities . it should do so across the programme and through dedicated activities in the part ' strengthening the european research area ' . the engagement of citizens and civil society in research and innovation should be coupled with public outreach activities to generate and sustain public support for the programme . the programme should also seek to remove barriers and boost synergies between science , technology , culture and the arts to obtain a new quality of sustainable innovation . ### with the aim of deepening the relationship between science and society and maximising benefits of their interactions across europe , the programme should engage and involve citizens , academia , including universities and research centres and civil society organisations in a partnership whose aim is co - designing and co - creating responsible research and innovation agendas and contents , promoting science education , making scientific knowledge publicly accessible , and facilitating participation by citizens and civil society organisations in its activities , as well as encouraging the existence of fair remuneration systems for researchers . it should do so across the programme , including through multi - actor approach and through dedicated activities in the part ' strengthening the european research area ' . the programme “science with and for society” is a good example of building capacities and developing innovative ways of connecting science to society as well as making science more attractive . the engagement of citizens and civil society in research and innovation should be coupled with public outreach activities involving local and regional bodies and organisations to generate and sustain public support for the programme and a communication strategy regarding research and innovation funding opportunities . the programme should also seek to remove barriers and boost synergies between science , technology , culture and the arts to obtain a new quality of sustainable innovation .


### pursuant to article 349 of the tfeu , the union ' s outermost regions are entitled to specific measures regarding access to horizontal union programmes . the programme should therefore take into account the specific characteristics of those regions in line with the commission ' s communication on ' a stronger and renewed strategic partnership with the eu ' s outermost regions ' 623 final ) as endorsed by the council on 12 april 2018 . ### pursuant to article 349 of the tfeu , the union ' s outermost regions are entitled to specific measures regarding access to horizontal union programmes . the programme should therefore take into account the specific characteristics of those regions in line with the commission ' s communication on ' a stronger and renewed strategic partnership with the eu ' s outermost regions ' 623 final ) as endorsed by the council on 12 april 2018 . less developed regions should be also considered in some parts of horizon europe as for example in the sharing excellence programme . the criteria for selecting those regions should be based on the criteria of european structural and investment funds and the innovation scoreboard regional indicator .


### pursuant to article 349 of the tfeu , the union ' s outermost regions are entitled to specific measures regarding access to horizontal union programmes . the programme should therefore take into account the specific characteristics of those regions in line with the commission ' s communication on ' a stronger and renewed strategic partnership with the eu ' s outermost regions ' 623 final ) as endorsed by the council on 12 april 2018 . ### pursuant to article 349 of the tfeu , the union ' s outermost regions are entitled to specific measures regarding access to horizontal union programmes . the programme should therefore take into account the specific characteristics of those regions in line with the commission ' s communication on ' a stronger and renewed strategic partnership with the eu ' s outermost regions ' 623 final ) as endorsed by the council on 12 april 2018 , and create an investment segment targeted at those regions .


### the activities developed under the programme should aim at eliminating gender inequalities and promoting equality between women and men in research and innovation , in compliance with articles 2 and 3 of the treaty on european union and article 8 of the tfeu . the gender dimension should be adequately integrated in research and innovation content and followed through at all stages of the research cycle . ### the activities developed under the programme should aim at eliminating gender inequalities and ensuring equality between women and men in research and innovation , in compliance with articles 2 and 3 of the treaty on european union and article 8 of the tfeu . the gender dimension should be adequately integrated in research and innovation content and followed through at all stages of the research cycle , applying equal remuneration and , where possible , equal participation in the projects presented .


### the activities developed under the programme should aim at eliminating gender inequalities and promoting equality between women and men in research and innovation , in compliance with articles 2 and 3 of the treaty on european union and article 8 of the tfeu . the gender dimension should be adequately integrated in research and innovation content and followed through at all stages of the research cycle . ### the activities developed under the programme should aim at eliminating gender inequalities , enhancing family / work life balance , promoting equality between women and men in , as well as ensuring accessibility of researchers with disabilities to , research and innovation , as well as access to the scientific community and decision - making positions in the field of research , in compliance with articles 2 and 3 of the treaty on european union and article 8 of the tfeu . these dimensions should be adequately integrated in research and innovation content and followed through at all stages of the research cycle .


### in light of the specificities of the defence industry sector , the detailed provisions for union funding to defence research projects should be fixed in the regulation … establishing the european defence fund16 which defines the rules of participation for defence research . research and innovation activities carried out under the european defence fund should have an exclusive focus on defence applications . _________________ 16 ### horizon europe should focus exclusively on civil research and applications . any defence research and innovation activities , including on civilian - military dual - use technologies , is therefore expressly excluded under this programme . under no circumstance should there be a structured cooperation between this programme and the european defence fund16 nor should any spending allocations under this programme be transferred to the edf .


### pursuant to paragraph 22 and 23 of the inter - institutional agreement for better law - making of 13 april 2016 , there is a need to evaluate this programme on the basis of information collected through specific monitoring requirements , while avoiding overregulation and administrative burdens , in particular on member states . these requirements , where appropriate , can include measurable indicators , as a basis for evaluating the effects of the programme on the ground . ### pursuant to paragraph 22 and 23 of the inter - institutional agreement for better law - making of 13 april 2016 , there is a need to evaluate this programme on the basis of information collected through specific monitoring requirements , while ensuring flexibility and avoiding overregulation and administrative burdens , in particular on member states and beneficiaries . these requirements , where appropriate , can include measurable indicators , as a basis for evaluating the effects of the programme on the ground .


### reflecting the importance of tackling climate change in line with the union ' s commitments to implement the paris agreement and the united nations sustainable development goals , this programme will contribute to mainstream climate actions and to the achievement of an overall target of 25 % of the eu budget expenditures supporting climate objectives . ### acknowledging climate change as one of the most important global challenges and reflecting the urgency of responding to it in line with the union ' s commitments to implement the paris agreement and the united nations sustainable development goals , this programme should commit to eliminating activities that are harmful to the climate and contribute to mainstream climate actions and to the achievement of an overall target of 30 % of the eu budget expenditures supporting climate objectives and the development of the circular economy , which will allow the union to stay at the forefront of climate change fight . in order to address the european court of auditors recommendations [ report 31 / 2016 ] , climate action targets could be laid out in the specific programme legislation and earmarked ex - ante through the programming .


### the key elements of the proposal evaluation and selection system of the predecessor programme horizon 2020 with its particular focus on excellence should be maintained . proposals should continue to be selected based on the evaluation made by independent experts . where relevant , the necessity to ensure the overall coherence of the portfolio of projects should be taken into account . ### the key elements of the proposal evaluation and selection system of the predecessor programme horizon 2020 with its particular focus on ‘ excellence’ , ‘ impact’ and ‘ quality and efficiency of implementation’ criteria , should be maintained . proposals should continue to be selected based on the evaluation made by independent experts . the commission should organise blind - evaluation pilots and analyse its results in order to implement , if justified , blind - evaluation procedure in all parts of horizon europe . where relevant , the necessity to ensure the overall coherence of the portfolio of projects should be taken into account by independent experts .


### the key elements of the proposal evaluation and selection system of the predecessor programme horizon 2020 with its particular focus on excellence should be maintained . proposals should continue to be selected based on the evaluation made by independent experts . where relevant , the necessity to ensure the overall coherence of the portfolio of projects should be taken into account . ### the key elements of the proposal evaluation and selection system of the predecessor programme horizon 2020 with its particular focus on excellence should be maintained , while ensuring , where appropriate a more balanced geographical inclusion of the member states and regions . proposals should continue to be selected based on the evaluation made by independent experts stemming from as many member states as possible . where relevant , the necessity to ensure the overall coherence of the portfolio of projects should be taken into account . the selection of experts should take into account the need to ensure a multidisciplinary approach , including experts with social science and humanities background , gender equality and reflect a wide range of knowledge and views .


### the types of financing and the methods of implementation under this regulation shall be chosen on the basis of their ability to achieve the specific objectives of the actions and to deliver results , taking into account , in particular , the costs of controls , the administrative burden , and the expected risk of non - compliance . for grants , this shall include consideration of the use of lump sums , flat rates and scales of unit costs . ### the types of financing and the methods of implementation under this regulation shall be chosen on the basis of their ability to achieve the specific objectives of the actions and to deliver results , taking into account , in particular , the costs of controls , the administrative burden , and the expected risk of non - compliance . for grants , which should continue to be the main source of financing , this shall include consideration of the use of lump sums , where appropriate , flat rates and scales of unit costs .


### ' european partnership ' means an initiative where the union , together with private and / or public partners , commit to jointly support the development and implementation of a programme of research and innovation activities , including those related to market , regulatory or policy uptake ; ### ' european partnership ' means an initiative where the union , together with private and / or public partners ( such as industry , research organisations , local and regional authorities and other bodies with a public service mission at local , regional , national or international level or civil society organisations such as foundations , including regional innovation ecosystems , where appropriate , commit to jointly support the development and implementation of a programme of research and innovation activities , including those related to market , regulatory or policy uptake ;


### “dissemination” means the public disclosure of the results by appropriate means , including by scientific publications in any medium ; ### “dissemination” means the public disclosure of the results by appropriate means , including by scientific publications in any medium and by standardization activities ;


### “funding body” means a body or organisation , other than the commission , as referred to in point of article 62 of the financial regulation , to which the commission has entrusted budget implementation tasks under the programme ; ### “funding body” means a body or organisation , other than the commission , as referred to in point of article 62 of the financial regulation , to which the commission or a legislative act has entrusted budget implementation tasks under the programme ;


### “seal of excellence” means a certified label which shows that a proposal submitted to a call for proposals exceeded all of the thresholds set out in the work programme , but could not be funded due to lack of budget available to that call in the work programme ; ### “seal of excellence” means a certified label which shows that a proposal submitted to a call for proposals exceeded all of the thresholds set out in the work programme , but and could not be funded due to lack of budget available to that call in the work programme , but which might receive support from the european regional development fund , the european social fund + or the european agricultural fund for rural development ;


### ' reimbursable advance ' means the part of a horizon europe or eic blended finance corresponding to a loan under title x of the financial regulation , but that is directly awarded by the union on a non - profit basis to cover the costs of activities corresponding to an innovation action , and to be reimbursed by the beneficiary to the union under the conditions provided for in the contract ; ### ' reimbursable advance ' means the part of a programme blended finance corresponding to a loan under title x of the financial regulation , but that is directly awarded by the union on a non - profit basis to cover the costs of activities corresponding to an innovation action , and to be reimbursed by the beneficiary to the union under the conditions provided for in the contract ;


### “contract” means the agreement concluded between the commission or a funding body with a legal entity implementing an innovation and market deployment action and supported by a horizon europe or eic blended finance . ### “contract ' means the agreement concluded between the commission or a funding body with a legal entity implementing an innovation and market deployment action and supported by a programme blended finance .


### “horizon europe or eic blended finance” means a single financial support to an innovation and market deployment action , consisting in a specific combination of a grant or a reimbursable advance with an investment in equity ; ### “horizon europe or eic blended finance” means a financial support to an innovation and market deployment action , consisting in a specific combination of a grant plus a follow - on reimbursable advance with an investment in equity ;


### “horizon europe or eic blended finance” means a single financial support to an innovation and market deployment action , consisting in a specific combination of a grant or a reimbursable advance with an investment in equity ; ### “programme blended finance” means a single financial support to an innovation and market deployment action , consisting in a combination of a grant or a reimbursable advance with an investment in equity ;


### the programme ' s general objective is to deliver scientific , economic and societal impact from the union ' s investments in research and innovation so as to strengthen the scientific and technological bases of the union and foster its competitiveness , including in its industry , deliver on the union strategic priorities , and contribute to tackling global challenges , including the sustainable development goals . ### the programme ' s general objective is to deliver scientific , economic , societal and climate impact from the union ' s investments in research and innovation across the union so as to strengthen the scientific and technological bases of the union as a whole and foster its competitiveness , also in the outermost regions , mountainous regions and those with a demographic deficit , including in its industry ; it should also contribute to the creation of quality employment , deliver on the union strategic priorities , objectives and commitments , and commit to tackling global challenges , including the sustainable development goals and those embodied in the paris agreement , as well as to contribute to the strengthening of the european research area .


### to support the creation and diffusion of high - quality new knowledge , skills , technologies and solutions to global challenges ; ### to support the creation , diffusion and adoption of high - quality new knowledge , skills , technologies , advanced studies and solutions which allow adequate answers to global societal challenges , including climate change and diminish the gap in research and innovation between the different regions of the eu ;


### the programme ' s general objective is to deliver scientific , economic and societal impact from the union ' s investments in research and innovation so as to strengthen the scientific and technological bases of the union and foster its competitiveness , including in its industry , deliver on the union strategic priorities , and contribute to tackling global challenges , including the sustainable development goals . ### the programme ' s general objective is to deliver scientific , technological , economic and societal impact from the union ' s investments in research and innovation so as to strengthen the scientific and technological bases of the union , and foster eu competitiveness , including in its industry , deliver on the union strategic priorities and policies , contribute to tackling global societal challenges , as set out in the sustainable development goals , and achieve a balanced european research area . the objectives will take into consideration societal concerns and implications to contribute to a knowledge - based learning society and strengthen shared values , acceptance of scientific insights and social cohesion .


### to support the creation and diffusion of high - quality new knowledge , skills , technologies and solutions to global challenges ; ### to support the creation and diffusion of high - quality new knowledge , excellent science , skills , technologies and solutions to global challenges ;


### to optimise the programme ' s delivery for increased impact within a strengthened european research area . ### to optimise and balance across the union the programme ' s delivery for increased impact within a strengthened european research area .


### reforming and enhancing the european r&i system . ### reforming and enhancing the european research and innovation system with a focus on young researchers .


### pillar i ' open science ' , pursuing the specific objective set out in article 3 and also supporting specific objectives set out in article 3 and , with the following components : ### pillar i excellent and ' open science ' , pursuing the specific objective set out in article 3 and also supporting specific objectives set out in article 3 and , with the following components :


### cluster ' climate , energy and mobility ' ; ### cluster ' climate , energy , natural resources and mobility ' ;


### cluster ' climate , energy and mobility ' ; ### cluster ' digital , energy and mobility ' ;


### part ' strengthening the european research area ' , pursuing the specific objective set out in article 3 and also supporting the specific objectives set out in article 3 , and , with the following components : ### part ' european research area ' , pursuing the specific objective set out in article 3 and also supporting the specific objectives set out in article 3 , and , with the following components :


### the programme may provide funding to indirect actions in any of the forms laid down in the financial regulation , in particular grants , prizes and procurements it may also provide financing in the form of financial instruments within blending operations . ### the programme may provide funding to direct and indirect actions in the forms of grants , prizes and procurements as laid down in the financial regulation .


### the rules for participation and dissemination laid down in this regulation shall apply to indirect actions . ### the rules for participation and dissemination laid down in this regulation shall apply to both direct and indirect actions .


### the main types of action to be used under the programme are set out and defined in annex ii . all forms of funding shall be used in a flexible manner across all objectives of the programme with their use being determined on the basis of the needs and the characteristics of the particular objectives . ### the main types of action to be used under the programme are set out and defined in annex ii . the forms of funding , as provided in paragraph 2 , shall be used in a flexible manner across all objectives of the programme with their use being determined on the basis of the needs and the characteristics of the particular objectives .


### horizon europe activities shall be primarily delivered through calls for proposals , some of which organised as parts of missions and european partnerships . ### all types of programme activities shall be delivered through calls for proposals .


### missions shall be programmed within the pillar ' global challenges and industrial competitiveness ' , but may also benefit from actions carried out within other parts of the programme . ### missions shall be programmed within the pillar ' global challenges and industrial competitiveness ' , but may also benefit from actions carried out within other parts of the programme . the proportion that should be covered by the programme of the total estimated cost to achieve the missions will vary from mission to mission . missions requiring significant funds from outside the programme will include a plan for how this money will be raised .


### adhere to the principles of union added value , transparency , openness , impact , leverage effect , long - term financial commitment of all the involved parties , flexibility , coherence and complementarity with union , local , regional national and international initiatives ; ### adhere to the principles of union added value , transparency , openness , impact , leverage effect , harmonious development long - term financial commitment of all the , involved parties , flexibility , coherence , compatibility and complementarity with union , local , regional , national and international initiatives ;


### parts of horizon europe may be implemented through european partnerships . the involvement of the union in european partnerships may take any of the following forms : ### parts of horizon europe shall be implemented through european partnerships . the involvement of the union in european partnerships may take any of the following forms :


### participation in partnerships set up on the basis of memoranda of understanding and / or contractual arrangements between the commission and the partners referred to in article 2 , specifying the objectives of the partnership , related commitments for financial and / or in - kind contributions of the partners , key performance and impact indicators , and outputs to be delivered . they include the identification of complementary research and innovation activities that are implemented by the partners and by the programme ; ### participation in partnerships set up on the basis of memoranda of understanding and / or contractual arrangements between the commission or the funding body and the partners referred to in article 2 , specifying the objectives of the partnership , related commitments for financial and / or in - kind contributions of the partners , key performance and impact indicators , and outputs to be delivered . they include the identification of complementary research and innovation activities that are implemented by the partners and by the programme ;


### the amount referred to in paragraph 1 , first half sentence , may also cover expenses for preparation , monitoring , control , audit , evaluation and other activities and expenditures necessary for managing and implementing the programme , including all administrative expenditure , as well as evaluating the achievement of its objectives . it may moreover cover expenses relating to the studies , meetings of experts , information and communication actions , in so far as they are related to the objectives of the programme , as well as expenses linked to information technology networks focusing on information processing and exchange , including corporate information technology tools and other technical and administrative assistance needed in connection with the management of the programme . ### the amount referred to in paragraph 1 , first half sentence , may also cover expenses for preparation , monitoring , control , audit , evaluation and other activities and expenditures necessary for managing and implementing the programme , including all necessary and agreed administrative expenditure , as well as evaluating the achievement of its objectives . it may moreover cover expenses relating to the meetings of experts , information and communication actions , in so far as they are related to the objectives of the programme , increasing the visibility of the programme , as well as expenses linked to information technology networks focusing on information processing and exchange , including corporate information technology tools , and other relevant expenses relating to technical and administrative assistance needed in connection with the management of the programme .


### the financial envelope for the implementation of the framework programme for the period 2021 &#8211 ; 2027 shall be eur 94 100 000 000 in current prices for the specific programme referred to in article 1 and , in addition , the amount for the specific programme referred to in article 1 , as laid down in regulation&#8230 ; . establishing the european defence fund . ### the financial envelope for the implementation of the framework programme for the period 2021 &#8211 ; 2027 shall be eur 116 895 000 in constant prices for the specific programme referred to in article 1 and , in addition , the amount for the specific programme referred to in article 1 , as laid down in regulation&#8230 ; . establishing the european defence fund and in addition eur 3 105 000 000 in constant prices transferred to invest eu .


### eur 15 000 000 000 for cluster ' climate , energy and mobility ' ; ### eur 20 000 000 000 for cluster ' digital , energy and mobility ' ;


### eur 2 100 000 000 for part ' strengthening the european research area ' for the period 2021 - 2027 , of which ### eur 9 995 000 000 for part ' european research area ' for the period 2021 - 2027 , of which


### the amount referred to in paragraph 1 , first half sentence , may also cover expenses for preparation , monitoring , control , audit , evaluation and other activities and expenditures necessary for managing and implementing the programme , including all administrative expenditure , as well as evaluating the achievement of its objectives . it may moreover cover expenses relating to the studies , meetings of experts , information and communication actions , in so far as they are related to the objectives of the programme , as well as expenses linked to information technology networks focusing on information processing and exchange , including corporate information technology tools and other technical and administrative assistance needed in connection with the management of the programme . ### the amount referred to in paragraph 1 , first half sentence , may also cover commission expenses , not exceeding 2 % of the total amount of the programme , for preparation , monitoring , control , audit , evaluation and other activities and expenditures necessary for managing and implementing the programme , including all administrative expenditure , as well as evaluating the achievement of its objectives .


### open access to scientific publications resulting from research funded under the programme shall be ensured in accordance with article 35 . open access to research data shall be ensured in line with the principle ' as open as possible , as closed as necessary ' . open access to other research outputs shall be encouraged . ### open and non - discriminatory access to scientific publications resulting from research funded under the programme shall be ensured in accordance with article 35 . open access to research data shall take into account the competitiveness and economic interests of the eu , intellectual property rights and the protection and confidentiality of personal data . reciprocal open access to research outputs shall be laid down in the association and cooperation agreements with third countries .


### open access to scientific publications resulting from research funded under the programme shall be ensured in accordance with article 35 . open access to research data shall be ensured in line with the principle ' as open as possible , as closed as necessary ' . open access to other research outputs shall be encouraged . ### open access to scientific publications resulting from research funded under the programme shall be ensured in accordance with article 35 . open access to digital research data shall be ensured in line with the principle ' as open as possible , as closed as necessary ' .


### they comply with the minimum quality requirements of that call for proposals ; ### they comply with the quality requirements of that call for proposals ;


### may receive support from the european regional development fund , the cohesion fund , the european social fund + or the european agricultural fund for rural development , in accordance with paragraph 5 of article [ 67 ] of regulation xx [ common provisions regulation ] and article [ 8 ] or regulation xx [ financing , management and monitoring of the common agricultural policy ] , provided that such actions are consistent with the objectives of the programme concerned . the rules of the fund providing support shall apply . ### may receive support from the european regional development fund , the cohesion fund , the european social fund + , the european maritime and fisheries fund or the european agricultural fund for rural development , in accordance with paragraph 5 of article [ 67 ] of regulation xx [ common provisions regulation ] and article [ 8 ] or regulation xx [ financing , management and monitoring of the common agricultural policy ] , provided that such actions are consistent with the objectives of the programme concerned . the rules of the fund providing support shall apply .


### commitment to a rules - based open market economy , including fair and equitable dealing with intellectual property rights , backed by democratic institutions ; ### commitment to a rules - based open market economy , including respect of human rights and rule of law , as well as fair and equitable dealing with intellectual property rights , backed by democratic institutions ;


### –guarantees the rights of the union to ensure sound financial management and to protect its financial interests . ### –guarantees the rights of the union to ensure sound financial management and to protect its financial , scientific and social interests .


### a good capacity in science , technology and innovation ; ### a sufficient capacity in science , technology and innovation ;


### the scope of association of each third country to the programme shall take into account the objective of driving economic growth in the union through innovation . accordingly , with the exception of eea members , acceding countries , candidate countries and potential candidates , parts of the programme may be excluded from an association agreement for a specific country . ### the scope of association of each third country to the programme shall take into account the objective of driving economic growth in the union through innovation and by further developing the union as an open and globally accessible area for excellent research , promoting the involvement of expertise and competence from third countries . accordingly , with the exception of eea members , acceding countries , candidate countries and potential candidates , parts of the programme may be excluded from an association agreement for a specific country .


### the association agreement shall , where appropriate , provide for the participation of legal entities established in the union in equivalent programmes of associated countries in accordance with the conditions laid down therein . ### the association agreement shall pursue , where appropriate , the participation of legal entities established in the union in equivalent programmes of associated countries in accordance with the conditions laid down therein .


### the conditions determining the level of financial contribution shall ensure an automatic correction of any significant imbalance compared to the amount that entities established in the associated country receive through participation in the programme , taking into account the costs in the management , execution and operation of the programme . ### the association agreement conditions determining the level of financial contribution shall ensure a biannual correction of any significant imbalance compared to the amount that entities established in the associated country receive through participation in the programme , taking into account the costs in the management , execution and operation of the programme .


### proposals shall be systematically screened to identify those actions raising complex or serious ethics issues and submit them to an ethics assessment . the ethics assessment shall be carried out by the commission unless it is delegated to the funding body . for actions involving the use of human embryonic stem cells or human embryos , an ethics assessment shall be mandatory . ethics screenings and assessments shall be carried out with the support of ethics experts . the commission and the funding bodies shall ensure the transparency of the ethics procedures as much as possible . ### proposals shall be systematically screened to identify those actions raising complex or serious ethics issues and submit them to an ethics assessment . the ethics assessment shall be carried out by the commission unless it is delegated to the funding body . for actions involving the use of human embryonic stem cells or human embryos , an ethics assessment shall be mandatory . ethics screenings and assessments shall be carried out with the support of independent ethics experts . the commission and the funding bodies shall ensure the transparency of the ethics procedures as much as possible .


### proposals shall be systematically screened to identify those actions raising complex or serious ethics issues and submit them to an ethics assessment . the ethics assessment shall be carried out by the commission unless it is delegated to the funding body . for actions involving the use of human embryonic stem cells or human embryos , an ethics assessment shall be mandatory . ethics screenings and assessments shall be carried out with the support of ethics experts . the commission and the funding bodies shall ensure the transparency of the ethics procedures as much as possible . ### proposals shall be systematically screened to identify those actions raising complex or serious ethics issues and submit them to an ethics assessment . the ethics assessment shall be carried out by the commission unless it is delegated to the funding body . for actions involving the use of animals , human embryonic stem cells or human embryos , an ethics assessment shall be mandatory . ethics screenings and assessments shall be carried out with the support of ethics experts . the commission and the funding bodies shall ensure the transparency of the ethics procedures as much as possible .


### actions which do not comply with security rules may be rejected or terminated at any time . ### actions which do not comply with security rules shall be immediately rejected or terminated .


### entities participating in the action shall ensure the protection against unauthorised disclosure of classified information used and / or generated by the action . they shall provide proof of personal and / or facility security clearance from the relevant national security authorities , prior to the start of the activities concerned . ### entities participating in the action shall ensure the protection against unauthorised disclosure of classified information used and / or generated by the action . they shall provide proof of personal and / or facility security clearance from the relevant national security authorities , prior to the start of the activities concerned on demand of the commission or funding body .


### european research council frontier research actions , european innovation council actions , training and mobility actions or programme co - fund actions may be implemented by one or more legal entities , one of which must be established in a member state or associated country . ### training and mobility actions or programme co - fund actions may be implemented by one or more legal entities , one of which must be established in a member state or associated country .


### european research council frontier research actions , european innovation council actions , training and mobility actions or programme co - fund actions may be implemented by one or more legal entities , one of which must be established in a member state or associated country . ### european research council frontier research actions , european innovation council actions , training and mobility actions or programme co - fund actions may be implemented by one or more legal entities , one of which must be established in a member state , an overseas country or territory belonging to a member state or an associated country .


### for actions related to union strategic assets , interests , autonomy or security , the work programme may provide that the participation can be limited to those legal entities established in member states only , or to those legal entities established in specified associated or other third countries in addition to member states . ### for actions related to union strategic assets , interests , autonomy or security , the work programme may provide that the participation can be limited to those legal entities established in member states only or in an overseas country or territory belonging to a member state , or to those legal entities established in specified associated or other third countries in addition to member states .


### entities are eligible for funding if they are established in a member state or associated country . ### entities are eligible for funding if they are established in a member state , in an overseas country or territory belonging to a member state or in an associated country .


### for actions benefiting from amounts under article 9 , only entities established in the jurisdiction of the delegating managing authority shall be eligible for funding out of these amounts . ### for actions benefiting from amounts under article 9 , only entities established in the jurisdiction of the member state that transferred the amounts of money shall be eligible for funding out of these amounts .


### affiliated entities are eligible for funding in an action if they are established in a member state , associated country , or in a third country identified in the work programme adopted by the commission . ### affiliated entities and entities with a legal link are only eligible for funding in an action if they are established in a member state , associated country , or in a third country identified in the work programme adopted by the commission .


### for all actions , except for eic pathfinder transition activities , the content of the calls for proposals shall be included in the work programme . ### for all actions the content of the calls for proposals shall be included in the work programme .


### for all actions , except for eic pathfinder transition activities , the content of the calls for proposals shall be included in the work programme . ### for all actions , the content of the calls for proposals shall be included in the work programme .


### in the case of a joint call , joint procedures shall be established for selection and evaluation of proposals . the procedures shall involve a balanced group of experts appointed by each party . ### in the case of a joint call , joint procedures shall be established for selection and evaluation of proposals . the procedures shall involve a balanced group of independent experts appointed by each party .


### for pre - commercial procurement , may provide for specific conditions such as the place of performance of the procured activities being limited to the territory of the member states and of associated countries ; ### for pre - commercial procurement , the simplified and / or accelerated procedure may be used , and may provide for specific conditions such as the place of performance of the procured activities being limited to the territory of the member states and of associated countries ;


### the contractor generating results in pre - commercial procurement shall own at least the attached intellectual property rights . the contracting authorities shall enjoy at least royalty - free access rights to the results for their own use and the right to grant , or require the participating contractors to grant , non - exclusive licences to third parties to exploit the results for the contracting authority under fair and reasonable conditions without any right to sub - license . if a contractor fails to commercially exploit the results within a given period after the pre - commercial procurement as identified in the contract , the contracting authorities can require it to transfer any ownership of the results to the contracting authorities . ### the contractor generating results in pre - commercial procurement shall own at least the attached intellectual property rights . the contracting authorities shall royalty - free access rights to the results for their own use . if a contractor fails to commercially exploit the results within a given period after the pre - commercial procurement as identified in the contract , the contracting authorities shall consult with the contractor and investigate the reasons for such lack of exploitation . after such consultation , the contracting authority can require it to transfer any ownership or licence of the results to the contracting authorities .


### a proposal shall be evaluated on the basis of the following award criteria : ### a proposal shall be evaluated on the basis of its excellence ; in addition , it may be evaluated on the basis of the following award criteria :


### impact ; ### impact ; including territorial impact ;


### innovation actions : up to 70 % of the total eligible costs , except for non - profit legal entities where the programme may reimburse up to 100 % of the total eligible costs ; ### innovation actions : up to 70% of the total eligible costs , except for non - profit legal entities , secondary and higher education establishments , research organisations and smes , where the programme may reimburse up to 100 % of the total eligible costs ;


### where appropriate , indirect costs included in unit costs or lump sums shall be calculated using the flat rate set out in paragraph 1 , except for unit costs for internally invoiced goods and services which shall be calculated on the basis of actual costs , in accordance with the beneficiaries ' usual costs accounting practices . ### where appropriate , instead of using the flat rate set out in paragraph 1 , indirect costs can be determined by unit costs for internally invoiced goods and services which would also cover the equivalent to horizon 2020 large research infrastructures and which shall be calculated on the basis of actual costs allowing for allocation keys , in accordance with the beneficiaries ' usual costs accounting practices .


### the joint owners shall agree in writing on the allocation and terms of exercise of their joint ownership . unless otherwise agreed , each joint owner may grant non - exclusive licences to third parties to exploit the jointly - owned results , if the other joint owners are given advance notice and fair and reasonable compensation . the joint owners may agree in writing to apply another regime than joint ownership . ### the joint owners shall agree in writing on the allocation and terms of exercise of their joint ownership . unless otherwise agreed , each joint owner may grant non - exclusive licences to third parties to exploit the jointly - owned results , if the other joint owners are given advance notice and fair and reasonable compensation . the joint owners may agree in writing to apply another regime than joint ownership at any time including prior to the generation of the results .


### beneficiaries having received union funding shall adequately protect their results if protection is possible and justified , taking into account all relevant considerations , including the prospects for commercial exploitation . when deciding on protection , beneficiaries shall also consider the legitimate interests of the other beneficiaries in the action . ### beneficiaries having received union funding shall adequately protect their results in compliance with the existing intellectual property law , if protection is possible and justified , taking into account all relevant considerations , including the prospects for commercial exploitation . when deciding on protection , beneficiaries shall also consider the legitimate interests of the other beneficiaries in the action .


### beneficiaries shall manage all research data in accordance with the terms and conditions laid down in the grant agreement and shall establish a data management plan . ### beneficiaries shall manage all research data generated in a horizon europe action in accordance with the terms and conditions laid down in the grant agreement and shall establish a data management plan .


### for the purposes of monitoring and dissemination by the commission or funding body , the beneficiaries shall provide any requested information regarding the exploitation and dissemination of their results . subject to the legitimate interests of the beneficiaries , such information shall be made publicly available . ### for the purposes of monitoring and dissemination by the commission or funding body , the beneficiaries shall provide any necessary information regarding the exploitation and dissemination of their results in accordance with the conditions laid down in the grant agreement . subject to the legitimate interests of the beneficiaries , such information shall be made publicly available .


### unless agreed otherwise in writing for specifically - identified third parties or unless impossible under applicable law , beneficiaries that intend to transfer ownership of results shall give advance notice to any other beneficiary that still has access rights to the results . the notification must include sufficient information on the new owner to enable a beneficiary to assess the effects on its access rights . ### unless agreed otherwise in writing for specifically - identified third parties and for its affiliated entities or unless impossible under applicable law , or due to confidentiality obligations arising out of or in connection with merger & acquisition transactions , beneficiaries that intend to transfer ownership of results shall give advance notice to any other beneficiary that still has access rights to the results or still may request the granting of access rights .


### unless agreed otherwise in writing for specifically - identified third parties , a beneficiary may object to the transfer if it can show that the transfer would adversely affect its access rights . in this case , the transfer may not take place until agreement has been reached between the beneficiaries concerned . ### unless agreed otherwise in writing for specifically - identified third parties and for its affiliated entities , a beneficiary may object to the transfer if it can show that the transfer would adversely affect its access rights . in this case , the transfer may not take place until agreement has been reached between the beneficiaries concerned .


### beneficiaries may grant licences to their results or otherwise give the right to exploit them , if this does not affect compliance with their obligations . ### provided that access rights to the results can be exercised , and that any additional exploitation obligations are complied with by the participant which owns the results , the latter may grant licences or otherwise grant the right to exploit them to any legal entity , including on an exclusive basis . exclusive licences for results may be granted subject to consent by all the other participants concerned that they will waive their access rights thereto .


### where this is justified , the grant agreement shall lay down the right to object to transfers of ownership of results , or to grants of an exclusive licence regarding results , if : ### where this is justified , the grant agreement shall lay down the right for the commission to object to transfers of ownership of results , or to grants of an exclusive licence regarding results , if :


### access shall be granted under fair and reasonable conditions to be agreed upon . ### access shall be granted to such legal entity under the same fair and reasonable conditions for the relevant type of access rights as applying to the beneficiary referred to in point of paragraph 2 .


### a request for access for exploitation purposes may be made up to one year after the end of the action , unless the beneficiaries agree on a different time - limit . ### the beneficiaries shall agree on an appropriate time limit for requesting access for exploitation purposes after the end of the action .


### specific rules on ownership , exploitation and dissemination , transfer and licensing as well as access rights may apply for erc actions , training and mobility actions , pre - commercial procurement actions , public procurement of innovative solutions actions , programme co - fund actions and coordination and support actions . ### specific rules on ownership , exploitation and dissemination , transfer and licensing as well as access rights may apply for erc actions , eit actions , training and mobility actions , pre - commercial procurement actions , public procurement of innovative solutions actions , programme co - fund actions and coordination and support actions .


### specific rules on ownership , exploitation and dissemination , transfer and licensing as well as access rights may apply for erc actions , training and mobility actions , pre - commercial procurement actions , public procurement of innovative solutions actions , programme co - fund actions and coordination and support actions . ### specific rules on exploitation and dissemination , transfer and licensing as well as access rights may apply for erc actions , training and mobility actions , pre - commercial procurement actions , public procurement of innovative solutions actions , programme co - fund actions and coordination and support actions .


### the commission or funding body may organise prizes with : ### the commission or funding body may , where appropriate , organise prizes with :


### the grant and reimbursable advance components of horizon europe or eic blended finance shall be subject to articles 30 to 33 . ### the grant and reimbursable advance components of programme blended finance shall be subject to articles 19 , 20 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 30 to 33 .


### eic blended finance shall be implemented in accordance with article 43 . the support under the eic blended finance may be granted until the action can be financed as a blending operation or as a financing and investment operation fully covered by the eu guarantee under investeu . by derogation from article 209 of the financial regulation , the conditions laid down in paragraph and , in particular , paragraph and , do not apply at the time of the award of eic blended finance ### eic blended finance shall be implemented in accordance with article 43 . the support under the eic blended finance may be granted until the action can be financed as a financing and investment operation fully covered by the eu guarantee under investeu . by derogation from article 209 of the financial regulation , the conditions laid down in paragraph and , in particular , paragraph and , do not apply at the time of the award of eic blended finance


### horizon europe and eic blended finance shall be provided in a manner that does not distort competition . ### horizon europe and eic blended finance shall be provided in a manner that does not distort competition and that increases the competitiveness of the eu .


### the beneficiary of the eic accelerator shall be a legal entity qualifying as a start - up , an sme or as a mid - cap , established in a member state or associated country . the proposal may be submitted by the beneficiary , or by one or more natural persons or legal entities intending to establish or support that beneficiary . ### the beneficiary of the eic accelerator shall be a legal entity qualifying as a start - up or as an sme , established in a member state or associated country . the proposal shall be submitted by the beneficiary , or by one or more natural persons or legal entities intending to establish that beneficiary .


### a single award decision shall cover and provide funding for all forms of union contribution provided under eic blended finance . ### a single award decision shall provide a grant of at least 70% of the total eligible costs .


### –impact ; ### –impact ; including territorial impact ;