### 19. supports the creation of the eu-us security and defence dialogue and calls on the vp/hr to launch it as soon as possible; ### 19. supports the creation of the eu-us security and defence dialogue and calls on the vp/hr to launch it as soon as possible; stresses , however , that such dialogue must also include nato representatives , and avoid duplication;


### 20. stresses the common need to defend global democracy against rising authoritarianism , also within the transatlantic community , by , inter alia , fostering inclusive social and economic policies that address the root causes of inequalities and fighting extreme nationalist views that provide a fertile ground for far-right movements to thrive; ### 20. stresses the common need for our societies to engage in an introspective process on our common democratic values , as well as the on the respect for the other and for the diversity of opinions in order to defend global democracy against rising authoritarianism , also within the transatlantic community , by , inter alia , fostering inclusive social and economic policies that address the root causes of inequalities , overcome populism and fighting extreme nationalist views that provide a fertile ground for far-right movements to thrive;


### 20. stresses the common need to defend global democracy against rising authoritarianism , also within the transatlantic community , by , inter alia , fostering inclusive social and economic policies that address the root causes of inequalities and fighting extreme nationalist views that provide a fertile ground for far-right movements to thrive; ### 20. stresses the common need to defend global democracy against rising authoritarianism , also within the transatlantic community: inter alia , by strengthening the accountability and resilience of our democratic systems , by countering extremist views that provide a fertile ground for anti-democratic movements to thrive , and by standing up , with one united voice , against the malign influence of authoritarian actors geopolitically;


### 20. stresses the common need to defend global democracy against rising authoritarianism , also within the transatlantic community , by , inter alia , fostering inclusive social and economic policies that address the root causes of inequalities and fighting extreme nationalist views that provide a fertile ground for far-right movements to thrive; ### 20. stresses the common need to defend global democracy against rising authoritarianism , also within the transatlantic community , by , inter alia , fostering inclusive social and economic policies that address the root causes of inequalities and fighting extreme nationalist views that provide a fertile ground for far-right movements and other extremist elements to thrive;


### 20. stresses the common need to defend global democracy against rising authoritarianism , also within the transatlantic community , by , inter alia , fostering inclusive social and economic policies that address the root causes of inequalities and fighting extreme nationalist views that provide a fertile ground for far-right movements to thrive; ### 20. stresses the common need to defend global democracy against rising authoritarianism , also within the transatlantic community , by , inter alia , fostering inclusive social and economic policies that address the root causes of inequalities and fighting extreme populist and nationalist views that provide a fertile ground for radical movements to thrive;


### 20. stresses the common need to defend global democracy against rising authoritarianism , also within the transatlantic community , by , inter alia , fostering inclusive social and economic policies that address the root causes of inequalities and fighting extreme nationalist views that provide a fertile ground for far-right movements to thrive; ### 20. stresses the common need to defend global democracy against rising malign influence of authoritarian regimes , also within the transatlantic community , by , inter alia , addressing disinformation and other tools used to divide democratic societies , as well as the need to address far-left and far-right extremism on both sides of the atlantic;


### 21. supports the proposal of president biden to hold a summit for democracy with like-minded democracies; ### 21. supports the proposal of president biden to hold a summit for democracy with like-minded democracies , proposes that the eu establishes together with the us a transatlantic alliance to defend democracy globally and elaborate a democracy defence toolkit , which should include joint actions on sanctions , anti-money laundering policies , rules on the conditionality of economic and financial assistance , international investigations , and support for human rights activists and defenders of democracy;


### 21. supports the proposal of president biden to hold a summit for democracy with like-minded democracies; ### 21. underlines the fundamental importance of democratic principles , which are the basis of our social and economic progress and our free societies; supports the proposal of president biden to hold a summit for democracy to promote universal values inclusive of cultural , religious or ethnic background; calls on the us to draw experience from the eu's conference of the future of europe;


### 21. supports the proposal of president biden to hold a summit for democracy with like-minded democracies; ### 21. supports the proposal of president biden to hold a summit for democracy with like-minded democracies; emphasizes in this regard that such an effort could help chart a clear course forward to counter populism and authoritarianism as well as to protect fundamental democratic and human rights values;


### 21. supports the proposal of president biden to hold a summit for democracy with like-minded democracies; ### 21. supports the proposal of president biden to hold a summit for democracy and to develop closer coordination with like-minded democracies in order to address the growing influence of authoritarian regimes;


### 22. believes that the eu should engage more with the us in the western balkans and eastern europe in order to build resilient , prosperous , democratic multi-ethnic societies there , capable of resisting the disruptive influence of both local and external authoritarian forces; ### 22. believes that the eu should engage more with the us and renew the strategic partnership in relation to the western balkans and eastern europe in order to build resilient , prosperous , democratic multi-ethnic societies there , capable of resisting the disruptive influence of both local and external authoritarian forces; recalls that the stability of the western balkans are a matter of peace and security for the region as well as for the eu; welcomes the highly increased coordination of the us with the eu to supporting the countries of the western balkans on their path to european integration and membership , as expressed in the letters of secretary of state of the united states antony blinken to the president of serbia , prime minister of kosovo and presidency of bosnia and herzegovina;


### 22. believes that the eu should engage more with the us in the western balkans and eastern europe in order to build resilient , prosperous , democratic multi-ethnic societies there , capable of resisting the disruptive influence of both local and external authoritarian forces; ### 22. believes that the eu should engage more with the us in the western balkans and eastern europe in order to build resilient , prosperous , democratic multi-ethnic societies there , capable of resisting the disruptive influence of both local and external authoritarian forces; in this regard , welcomes the renewed engagement of the united states in the western balkans; welcomes the constructive role the united states plays in supporting eu enlargement; underlines the eu’s leading role in the process of normalisation of relations between serbia and kosovo;


### 22. believes that the eu should engage more with the us in the western balkans and eastern europe in order to build resilient , prosperous , democratic multi-ethnic societies there , capable of resisting the disruptive influence of both local and external authoritarian forces; ### 22. believes that the eu should engage more with the us in the western balkans and eastern europe in order to build resilient , prosperous , democratic multi-ethnic societies there , capable of resisting the disruptive influence of both local and external authoritarian forces; in particular , calls on the eu and the us to work together to address chinese malign investment across the regions , and its corrosive impact of democratic governance and the environment;


### 22. believes that the eu should engage more with the us in the western balkans and eastern europe in order to build resilient , prosperous , democratic multi-ethnic societies there , capable of resisting the disruptive influence of both local and external authoritarian forces; ### 22. believes that the eu should engage more with the us in the western balkans and eastern europe in order to build resilient , prosperous , democratic multi-ethnic societies there , capable of resisting the disruptive influence of both local and external authoritarian forces , such as the russian federation;


### 22. believes that the eu should engage more with the us in the western balkans and eastern europe in order to build resilient , prosperous , democratic multi-ethnic societies there , capable of resisting the disruptive influence of both local and external authoritarian forces; ### 22. believes that the eu should engage more with the us in eastern europe and western balkans in order to build resilient , prosperous , democratic multi-ethnic societies there , capable of resisting the disruptive influence of both local and external authoritarian forces;


### 23. calls for a comprehensive eu-us dialogue on china that should address the areas of divergence , such as the comprehensive agreement on investments , and explore possibilities for eu-us cooperation with china in multilateral frameworks on common challenges , such as climate change; ### 23. notes that china’s economic influence , geopolitical power and various forms of chinese power projection as well as military strength have brought its system of authoritarian governance into conflict with western systems of governance that are based on liberal democratic values , stresses in this regard that china has become a systemic rival but is also an important partner in tackling many global problems; calls in this context for a comprehensive eu-us dialogue on china that should provide a key mechanism for advancing our interests and managing our differences and that should address the areas of divergence , such as the comprehensive agreement on investments , and explore possibilities for eu-us cooperation with china in multilateral frameworks on common challenges , such as climate change; calls for developing a broad range of policy instruments and , where possible , search for transatlantic synergies for dealing with china; emphasizes in this regard that the eu and the us share very serious concerns over systematic human rights violations in china;


### 23. calls for a comprehensive eu-us dialogue on china that should address the areas of divergence , such as the comprehensive agreement on investments , and explore possibilities for eu-us cooperation with china in multilateral frameworks on common challenges , such as climate change; ### 23. calls for a comprehensive eu-us dialogue on china that should address the areas of divergence , such as the comprehensive agreement on investments , and explore possibilities for eu-us cooperation with the people’s republic of china (prc) in multilateral frameworks on common challenges , such as climate change; strongly believes that relations with the prc , both bilateral and otherwise , must always include the safeguarding and the promotion of shared democratic values and that any multilateral agenda must have at its core the notion of full compliance with international law and the protection of human rights;


### 23. calls for a comprehensive eu-us dialogue on china that should address the areas of divergence , such as the comprehensive agreement on investments , and explore possibilities for eu-us cooperation with china in multilateral frameworks on common challenges , such as climate change; ### 23. calls for a comprehensive eu-us dialogue on china to commence as soon as possible;


### 23. calls for a comprehensive eu-us dialogue on china that should address the areas of divergence , such as the comprehensive agreement on investments , and explore possibilities for eu-us cooperation with china in multilateral frameworks on common challenges , such as climate change; ### 23. supports the eu-us dialogue on china , a critical new institutional framework which should address common systemic challenges posed by china , as well as areas of potential eu-us divergence , such as the comprehensive agreement on investments; the high-level dialogue should also explore possibilities for eu-us cooperation with china in multilateral frameworks on common challenges , such as climate change;


### 23. calls for a comprehensive eu-us dialogue on china that should address the areas of divergence , such as the comprehensive agreement on investments , and explore possibilities for eu-us cooperation with china in multilateral frameworks on common challenges , such as climate change; ### 23. calls for a comprehensive eu-us dialogue on china , and to explore possibilities for cooperation with china in multilateral frameworks on common challenges , such as climate change;


### 24. underscores the need to explore areas of convergence and possible cooperation with the us on china , notably regarding the protection of human and minority rights , de-escalation of tensions in south-east asia , coordination of actions in the indo-pacific region , setting technological standards , protecting intellectual property rights and the fight against disinformation; supports closer coordination on these and other issues of common concern; ### 24. underscores the need to explore areas of convergence and cooperation with the us on china , notably regarding the protection of human and minority rights , de-escalation of tensions in south-east asia , coordination of actions in the indo-pacific region and on sanctions , building resilience against disinformation , cyber and other hybrid threats , setting technological standards , cooperating in 5g and 6g development , strengthening democracy and human rights worldwide , providing a sustainable alternative to the belt & road initiative , reducing strategic dependency on china and protection of supply chains , protecting intellectual property rights against theft and forced technology transfer , and setting due diligence standards for european and us companies; supports closer coordination on these and other issues of common concern;


### 24. underscores the need to explore areas of convergence and possible cooperation with the us on china , notably regarding the protection of human and minority rights , de-escalation of tensions in south-east asia , coordination of actions in the indo-pacific region , setting technological standards , protecting intellectual property rights and the fight against disinformation; supports closer coordination on these and other issues of common concern; ### 24. underscores the need to explore areas of convergence and possible cooperation with the us on china , notably regarding the protection of human and minority rights , de-escalation of tensions in south-east asia , coordination of actions in the indo-pacific region , standard-setting , especially on emerging technologies , protecting intellectual property rights , and the fight against disinformation and interference in democratic processes in the eu and the us including elections; supports closer coordination on these and other issues of common concern;


### 25. calls for close cooperation to jointly address the range of threats emanating from the russian federation , such as the continued destabilisation of ukraine and georgia , interferences in democratic processes in the eu and the us , hybrid threats and disinformation campaigns , while at the same pursuing selective cooperation in the areas of shared transatlantic interest , notably in the area of arms control; ### 25. calls for close cooperation to jointly address the range of threats emanating from the russian federation , such as the continued destabilisation of ukraine and georgia , interferences in democratic processes in the eu and the us , hybrid threats and disinformation campaigns , while at the same pursuing selective cooperation in the areas of shared transatlantic interest , notably in the area of arms control; insists that , the eu and the us together , must do their utmost to support the legitimate democratic aspirations of the russian people , encourage the civil society organisms under threat from the regime and endorse the right of individuals to protest and to oppose any internal oppression that goes against basic human rights;


### 25. calls for close cooperation to jointly address the range of threats emanating from the russian federation , such as the continued destabilisation of ukraine and georgia , interferences in democratic processes in the eu and the us , hybrid threats and disinformation campaigns , while at the same pursuing selective cooperation in the areas of shared transatlantic interest , notably in the area of arms control; ### 25. calls for close cooperation to jointly address the range of threats emanating from the russian federation , such as the continued destabilisation of ukraine and georgia , the illegal occupation of territories and fuelling of conflicts in eastern partnership countries , interferences in democratic processes in the eu and the us , hybrid threats and disinformation campaigns , while at the same pursuing selective cooperation in the areas of shared transatlantic interest , notably in the area of arms control;


### 25. calls for close cooperation to jointly address the range of threats emanating from the russian federation , such as the continued destabilisation of ukraine and georgia , interferences in democratic processes in the eu and the us , hybrid threats and disinformation campaigns , while at the same pursuing selective cooperation in the areas of shared transatlantic interest , notably in the area of arms control; ### 25. calls for close cooperation to jointly address the range of threats emanating from the russian federation , such as the continued destabilisation of ukraine and georgia , interference in democratic processes in the eu and the us , including elections , hybrid threats , and disinformation campaigns , attacks on critical infrastructure , including through the use of cyber warfare , while at the same pursuing selective cooperation in the areas of shared transatlantic interest , notably in the area of arms control;


### 25. calls for close cooperation to jointly address the range of threats emanating from the russian federation , such as the continued destabilisation of ukraine and georgia , interferences in democratic processes in the eu and the us , hybrid threats and disinformation campaigns , while at the same pursuing selective cooperation in the areas of shared transatlantic interest , notably in the area of arms control; ### 25. calls for close cooperation to jointly address the range of threats emanating from the russian federation , such as the continued destabilisation of ukraine and georgia , and russia’s continued threat to their respective territorial integrity , interferences in democratic processes in the eu and the us , hybrid threats and disinformation campaigns , while at the same pursuing selective cooperation in the areas of shared transatlantic interest , notably in the area of arms control;


### 25. calls for close cooperation to jointly address the range of threats emanating from the russian federation , such as the continued destabilisation of ukraine and georgia , interferences in democratic processes in the eu and the us , hybrid threats and disinformation campaigns , while at the same pursuing selective cooperation in the areas of shared transatlantic interest , notably in the area of arms control; ### 25. calls for close cooperation to jointly address the range of threats emanating from the russian federation , such as the continued destabilisation of the eastern neighbourhood and western balkan countries , interferences in democratic processes in the eu and the us , hybrid threats , strategic corruption , cyber attacks and disinformation campaigns , deplores the russian federation's destabilising activities on the territories of eu member states;


### 25. calls for close cooperation to jointly address the range of threats emanating from the russian federation , such as the continued destabilisation of ukraine and georgia , interferences in democratic processes in the eu and the us , hybrid threats and disinformation campaigns , while at the same pursuing selective cooperation in the areas of shared transatlantic interest , notably in the area of arms control; ### 25. calls for close cooperation to jointly address the range of threats emanating from the russian federation , such as the continued destabilisation of the eastern neighbourhood and western balkan countries , interferences in democratic processes in the eu and the us , hybrid threats and disinformation campaigns , while at the same pursuing selective cooperation in the areas of shared transatlantic interest , notably in the area of arms control;


### 25. calls for close cooperation to jointly address the range of threats emanating from the russian federation , such as the continued destabilisation of ukraine and georgia , interferences in democratic processes in the eu and the us , hybrid threats and disinformation campaigns , while at the same pursuing selective cooperation in the areas of shared transatlantic interest , notably in the area of arms control; ### 25. calls for close cooperation to jointly address the range of threats emanating from the russian federation , such as the continued destabilisation of ukraine , moldova and georgia , interferences in democratic processes in the eu and the us , hybrid threats and disinformation campaigns , while at the same pursuing selective cooperation in the areas of shared transatlantic interest , notably in the area of arms control;


### 26. supports closer cooperation with the us and latin american countries in promoting multilateralism , democratic values , sustainable development , human rights and international law standards; ### 26. supports closer cooperation with the us and latin american countries in promoting multilateralism , democratic values , sustainable development , human rights , international law standards , economic growth , the fight against inequalities , the fight against drug trafficking and organised crime , the promotion of biodiversity and the fight against climate change;


### 26. supports closer cooperation with the us and latin american countries in promoting multilateralism , democratic values , sustainable development , human rights and international law standards; ### 26. supports closer cooperation with the us and latin american countries in promoting multilateralism , democratic values , sustainable development , human rights and international law standards; calls for greater eu-us coordination on sanctions targeting the maduro regime in venezuela and provide support to the democratic opposition;


### 26. supports closer cooperation with the us and latin american countries in promoting multilateralism , democratic values , sustainable development , human rights and international law standards; ### 26. supports closer cooperation with the us and with countries in latin america and in africa in promoting multilateralism , democratic values , sustainable development , human rights and international law;


### 27. welcomes the recent engagement of the us in the negotiations on a revival of the joint comprehensive plan of action (jcpoa) as a cornerstone of a global non-proliferation regime and a foundation for de-escalation in the middle east and the persian gulf region; calls for renewed transatlantic efforts to meaningfully revive the middle east peace process , leading to a viable two-state solution; ### 27. welcomes the recent engagement of the us in the negotiations on a revival of the joint comprehensive plan of action (jcpoa) as a cornerstone of a global non-proliferation regime and a foundation for de-escalation in the middle east and the persian gulf region; echoes us secretary of state antony blinken’s call for a “longer and stronger” nuclear agreement with iran and urges transatlantic collaboration to counter tehran’s other malign behaviour , including regional aggression , ballistic missiles , and terrorism calls for renewed transatlantic efforts to meaningfully revive the middle east peace process , leading to a viable two-state solution; hails the historic u.s.-brokered abraham accords between israel , the united arab emirates , and bahrain and encourages transatlantic cooperation on deepening those ties;


### 27. welcomes the recent engagement of the us in the negotiations on a revival of the joint comprehensive plan of action (jcpoa) as a cornerstone of a global non-proliferation regime and a foundation for de-escalation in the middle east and the persian gulf region; calls for renewed transatlantic efforts to meaningfully revive the middle east peace process , leading to a viable two-state solution; ### 27. welcomes the recent engagement of the us in the negotiations on a revival of the joint comprehensive plan of action (jcpoa) , however notes that any future deal must address the wider destabilising activities of iran across the region and its declared intent to destroy the state of israel; welcomes the signing and implementation of the abraham accords and calls for coordinated transatlantic efforts to build on their momentum to meaningfully revive the middle east peace process , leading to a viable two-state solution and wider peace and cooperation in the region;


### 27. welcomes the recent engagement of the us in the negotiations on a revival of the joint comprehensive plan of action (jcpoa) as a cornerstone of a global non-proliferation regime and a foundation for de-escalation in the middle east and the persian gulf region; calls for renewed transatlantic efforts to meaningfully revive the middle east peace process , leading to a viable two-state solution; ### 27. urges the us to re-join the joint comprehensive plan of action (jcpoa) as a cornerstone of a global non-proliferation regime and a foundation for the de-escalation of tensions in the middle east and the persian gulf region; calls for renewed transatlantic efforts to successfully conclude the middle east peace process , leading to a viable two-state solution;


### (1) in its 2 december 2020 communication on the digitalisation of justice in the eu29the commission identified the need to modernise the legislative framework of the union’s cross-border procedures in civil , commercial and criminal law , in line with the “digital by default” principle , while ensuring all necessary safeguards to avoid social exclusion. ### (1) in its 2 december 2020 communication on the digitalisation of justice in the eu29 the commission identified the need to modernise the legislative framework of the union’s cross-border procedures in civil , commercial and criminal law , in line with the “digital by default” principle , while ensuring all necessary safeguards to avoid social exclusion and ensure mutual trust , interoperability and security , as well as full respect for fundamental rights , such as the right to a fair trial and effective legal remedy.


### (2) facilitating access to justice for natural and legal persons , and facilitating judicial cooperation between the member states are among the main objectives of the area of freedom , security and justice enshrined in title v of part three of the treaty on the functioning of the european union. ### (2) facilitating access to justice for natural and legal persons , and facilitating judicial cooperation between the member states are among the main objectives of the area of freedom , security and justice enshrined in title v of part three of the treaty on the functioning of the european union. at the same time , in order to achieve a fully functional area of freedom , security and justice , it is important that all member states seek to reduce existing disparities regarding digitalisation , address the fragmentation of national justice systems and take advantage of the opportunities offered by the relevant eu funding mechanisms.


### (4) this regulation seeks to improve the effectiveness and speed of judicial procedures and facilitate access to justice by digitalising the existing communication channels , which should lead to cost and time savings , reduction of the administrative burden , and improved resilience in force majeure circumstances for all authorities involved in cross-border judicial cooperation. the use of digital channels of communication between competent authorities should lead to reduced delays in processing of the cases , which should benefit individuals and legal entities. this is also particularly important in the area of cross-border criminal proceedings in the context of the union’s fight against crime. in this regard , the high level of security that digital channels of communication can provide constitutes a step forward , also with respect to safeguarding the rights of the persons concerned and protection of their privacy and personal data. ### (4) this regulation seeks to improve the effectiveness and speed of judicial procedures and facilitate access to justice by digitalising the existing communication channels , which should lead to cost and time savings , reduction of the administrative burden , and improved resilience in force majeure circumstances for all authorities involved in cross-border judicial cooperation. the use of digital channels of communication between competent authorities should lead to reduced delays in processing of the cases , which should benefit individuals and legal entities. this is also particularly important in the area of cross-border criminal proceedings in the context of the union’s fight against crime. in this regard , the high level of security that digital channels of communication can provide constitutes a step forward , also with respect to safeguarding the rights of the persons concerned and protection of their privacy and personal data , strengthening confidence in justice systems and increasing the possibility of achieving a higher degree of compliance with the rule of law.


### (4) this regulation seeks to improve the effectiveness and speed of judicial procedures and facilitate access to justice by digitalising the existing communication channels , which should lead to cost and time savings , reduction of the administrative burden , and improved resilience in force majeure circumstances for all authorities involved in cross-border judicial cooperation. the use of digital channels of communication between competent authorities should lead to reduced delays in processing of the cases , which should benefit individuals and legal entities. this is also particularly important in the area of cross-border criminal proceedings in the context of the union’s fight against crime. in this regard , the high level of security that digital channels of communication can provide constitutes a step forward , also with respect to safeguarding the rights of the persons concerned and protection of their privacy and personal data. ### (4) this regulation seeks to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of judicial procedures and facilitate access to justice by digitalising the existing communication channels , which should lead to cost and time savings , reduction of the administrative burden , and improved resilience in force majeure circumstances for all authorities involved in cross-border judicial cooperation. the use of digital channels of communication between competent authorities should lead to reduced delays in processing of the cases , which should benefit individuals and legal entities. this is also particularly important in the area of cross-border criminal proceedings in the context of the union’s fight against crime. in this regard , the high level of security that digital channels of communication can provide constitutes a step forward , also with respect to safeguarding the rights of the persons concerned and protection of their privacy and personal data.


### (5) it is important that appropriate channels are developed to ensure that justice systems can efficiently cooperate digitally. therefore , it is essential to establish , at union level , an information technology instrument that allows swift , direct , interoperable , reliable and secure cross-border electronic exchange of case related data among competent authorities. ### (does not affect the english version.)


### (5) it is important that appropriate channels are developed to ensure that justice systems can efficiently cooperate digitally. therefore , it is essential to establish , at union level , an information technology instrument that allows swift , direct , interoperable , reliable and secure cross-border electronic exchange of case related data among competent authorities. ### (5) it is important that appropriate channels are developed to ensure that justice systems can efficiently cooperate digitally. therefore , it is essential to establish , at union level , an information technology instrument that allows swift , direct , interoperable , reliable , secure and efficient cross-border electronic exchange of case related data among competent authorities.


### (10) in order to ensure secure , swift , interoperable , confidential and reliable communication between member states for the purposes of cross-border judicial procedures in civil , commercial and criminal matters , any appropriate modern communications technology should be used , provided that certain conditions as to the integrity and reliability of the document received and the identification of the participants in the communication are met. therefore , a secure and reliable decentralised it system should be used. accordingly , it is necessary to establish such an it system for data exchanges in cross-border judicial procedures. the decentralised nature of that it system would enable secure data exchanges exclusively between one member state and another , without any of the union institutions being involved in the substance of those exchanges. ### (10) in order to ensure secure , efficient , swift , interoperable , confidential and reliable communication between member states for the purposes of cross-border judicial procedures in civil , commercial and criminal matters , any appropriate modern communications technology should be used , provided that certain conditions as to the security , integrity and reliability of the document received and the identification of the participants in the communication are met. therefore , a secure and reliable decentralised it system should be used. accordingly , it is necessary to establish such a safe , rapid and efficient it system for data exchanges in cross-border judicial procedures. the decentralised nature of that it system would enable secure data exchanges exclusively between one member state and another , without any of the union institutions being involved in the substance of those exchanges. in cases falling under the scope of the legal acts listed in annex ii , the decentralised it system should , at the same time , facilitate secure data exchanges between a member state and a union agency or body such as eurojust.


### (11) the decentralised it system should be comprised of the back-end systems of member states and the union agencies and bodies , and interoperable access points , through which they are interconnected. the access points of the decentralised it system should be based on e-codex. ### (11) the decentralised it system should be comprised of the back-end systems of member states and the union agencies and bodies and interoperable access points , through which they are linked using fully secure interconnections. the access points of the decentralised it system should be based on e-codex.


### (16) in relation to the components of the decentralised it system , which are under the responsibility of the union , the entity managing the system’s components should have sufficient resources in order to ensure their proper functioning. ### (16) in relation to the components of the decentralised it system , which are under the responsibility of the union , the entity managing the system’s components should have sufficient resources in order to ensure their proper and fully secure functioning.


### (18) member states should be responsible for the establishment , maintenance and development of national electronic portals (national it portals) for the purposes of electronic communication between natural and legal persons and the respective authorities which are competent in the proceedings under the legal acts listed in annex i. ### (18) member states should be responsible for the establishment , maintenance and development of national electronic portals (national it portals) for the purposes of electronic communication between natural and legal persons and the respective authorities which are competent in the proceedings under the legal acts listed in annex i. the commission must provide member states with assistance in setting up , maintaining and developing national electronic portals.


### (21) in order to facilitate oral hearings in proceedings in civil , commercial and criminal matters with cross-border implications , this regulation should provide for the optional use of videoconferencing or other distance communication technology for the participation of the parties in such hearings. the procedure for applying and conducting of hearings through videoconferencing or other distance communication technology should be governed by the law of the member state conducting the videoconference. conducting a hearing by videoconferencing or other distance communication technology should not be refused solely based on the non-existence of national rules governing the use of distance communication technology. in such cases the most appropriate rules available under the national law , such as rules for taking of evidence , should apply mutatis mutandis. ### (21) in order to facilitate oral hearings in proceedings in civil , commercial and criminal matters with cross-border implications , this regulation should provide for the optional use of videoconferencing or other distance communication technology for the participation of the parties in such hearings. the procedure for applying and conducting of hearings through videoconferencing or other distance communication technology should be governed by the law of the member state conducting the videoconference. member states should make every effort to ensure that videoconferencing is available in cross-border proceedings. however , conducting a hearing by videoconferencing or other distance communication technology should not be refused solely based on the non-existence of national rules governing the use of distance communication technology. in such cases the most appropriate rules available under the national law , such as rules for taking of evidence , should apply mutatis mutandis.


### (24) for the purposes of facilitating payment of fees in cases with cross-border implications falling under the scope of the union legal acts in civil and commercial matters , electronic payment of fees should be possible in an online environment by payment methods widely available throughout the union , such as credit cards , debit cards , e-wallet and bank transfers. ### (24) for the purposes of facilitating payment of fees in cases with cross-border implications falling under the scope of the union legal acts in civil and commercial matters , electronic payment of fees should be possible in an online environment by payment methods widely available throughout the union and enabling proof of payment to be provided , such as credit cards , debit cards , e-wallet and bank transfers.


### 1. this regulation establishes a legal framework for electronic communication between competent authorities in judicial cooperation procedures in civil , commercial and criminal matters and for electronic communication between natural or legal persons and competent authorities in judicial procedures in civil and commercial and criminal matters. ### 1. this regulation establishes a uniform legal framework for the implementation and use of electronic communication between competent authorities in judicial cooperation procedures in civil , commercial and criminal matters and for the implementation and use of electronic communication between natural or legal persons and competent authorities in judicial procedures in civil and commercial and criminal matters.


### 2. this regulation shall apply to: ### deleted


### 1. written communication between competent authorities in cases falling under the scope of the legal acts listed in annex i and annex ii , including the exchange of forms established by these acts , shall be carried out through a secure and reliable decentralised it system. ### 1. written communication between competent authorities in cases falling under the scope of the legal acts listed in annex i and annex ii , including the exchange of forms established by these acts , shall be carried out through a secure , efficient and reliable decentralised it system.


### 1. written communication between competent authorities in cases falling under the scope of the legal acts listed in annex i and annex ii , including the exchange of forms established by these acts , shall be carried out through a secure and reliable decentralised it system. ### 1. communication between competent authorities in cases falling under the scope of the legal acts listed in annex i and annex ii , including the exchange of forms established by these acts , shall be carried out through a secure and reliable decentralised it system.


### 2. where electronic communication in accordance with paragraph 1 is not possible due to the disruption of the decentralised it system , the nature of the transmitted material or exceptional circumstances , the transmission shall be carried out by the swiftest , most appropriate alternative means , taking into account the need to ensure a secure and reliable exchange of information. ### 2. where electronic communication in accordance with paragraph 1 is not possible due to the disruption of the decentralised it system , the nature of the transmitted material , the sensitive nature of criminal proceedings or other exceptional circumstances , the transmission shall be carried out by the swiftest , most appropriate and reliable alternative means , ensuring a secure exchange of information , based on the assessment of competent national authorities.


### 3. where the use of the decentralised it system is not appropriate in view of the specific circumstances of the communication in question , any other means of communication may be used. ### 3. where , in exceptional cases other than those covered by paragraph 2 , the use of the decentralised it system is not appropriate in view of the specific circumstances of the communication in question , the competent authority may take a reasoned decision to use any other means of communication that ensures the secure , efficient and reliable exchange of information.


### 3. where the use of the decentralised it system is not appropriate in view of the specific circumstances of the communication in question , any other means of communication may be used. ### 3. where the use of the decentralised it system is not appropriate in view of the specific circumstances of the communication in question , any other means of communication may be used by the competent authority.


### 3. the european electronic access point shall allow natural and legal persons to file claims , launch requests , send and receive procedurally relevant information and communicate with the competent authorities. ### 3. the european electronic access point shall refer to the european e-justice portal as regards the information for natural and legal persons on their right to legal assistance and shall allow natural and legal persons to file claims , launch requests , send and receive procedurally relevant information and communicate with the competent authorities.the european electronic access point shall be accessible from the european e-justice portal which is available in all eu official languages and contains all necessary forms.


### 1. written communication between natural or legal persons and competent authorities falling within the scope of the legal acts listed in annex i , may be carried out by the following electronic means: ### 1. written electronic communication between natural or legal persons , or their representatives , and competent authorities falling within the scope of the legal acts listed in annex i may be carried out by the following electronic means:


### 1. written communication between natural or legal persons and competent authorities falling within the scope of the legal acts listed in annex i , may be carried out by the following electronic means: ### 1. written electronic communication between natural or legal persons and competent authorities falling within the scope of the legal acts listed in annex i , may be carried out by the following electronic means:


### 3. communication under paragraph 1 shall be considered equivalent to written communication under the applicable procedural rules. ### 3. communication which fulfils the conditions set out in paragraph 1 shall be considered equivalent to written communication under the applicable procedural rules.


### competent authorities shall accept electronic communication under article 5(1) , transmitted through the european electronic access point or national it portals , where available. ### competent authorities shall accept electronic communication which fulfils the conditions set out under article 5(1) , and which is transmitted through the european electronic access point or national it portals , where available.


### competent authorities shall accept electronic communication under article 5(1) , transmitted through the european electronic access point or national it portals , where available. ### competent authorities shall accept electronic communication under article 5(1) , transmitted through the european electronic access point.


### hearing through videoconferencing or other distance communication technology in civil and commercial matters ### hearing through videoconferencing or other distance communication technology in civil and commercial matters when one of the parties is present in another member states


### hearing through videoconferencing or other distance communication technology in civil and commercial matters ### hearing through videoconferencing or other distance communication technology in cross-border civil and commercial matters


### 1. without prejudice to specific provisions regulating the use of videoconferencing or other distance communication technology in proceedings under the legal acts listed in annex i , and upon request of a party to proceedings falling under the scope of these legal acts or in other civil and commercial matters where one of the parties is present in another member state , or upon request of their legal or authorised representative , competent authorities shall allow their participation to a hearing by videoconferencing or other distance communication technology , provided that: ### 1. without prejudice to specific provisions regulating the use of videoconferencing or other distance communication technology in proceedings under the legal acts listed in annex i , competent authorities shall allow their participation to a hearing by videoconferencing or other distance communication technology , provided that:


### 2. a request for conducting an oral hearing through videoconferencing or other distance communication technology may be refused by the competent authority where the particular circumstances of the case are not compatible with the use of such technology. ### deleted


### 3. competent authorities may on their own motion allow the participation of parties to hearings by videoconference , provided that all parties to the proceedings are given the possibility to submit an opinion on the use of videoconferencing or other distance communication technology. ### deleted


### 4. subject to this regulation , the procedure for requesting and conducting a videoconference shall be regulated by the national law of the member state conducting videoconference. ### 4. the procedure for requesting and conducting a videoconference shall be regulated by the national law of the member state conducting the hearing.


### hearing through videoconferencing or other distance communication technology in criminal proceedings ### hearing through videoconferencing or other distance communication technology in cross-border criminal proceedings


### the suspect , accused or convicted persons expressed consent on the use of videoconferencing or other distance communication technology. before expressing consent on the use of videoconferencing or other distance communication technology the suspect or the accused person shall have the possibility to seek the advice of a lawyer in accordance with directive 2013/48/eu. ### deleted


### 4. the confidentiality of communication between suspects , accused or convicted persons and their lawyer before and during the hearing through videoconferencing or other distance communication technology shall be ensured. ### 4. the confidentiality of communication between suspects , accused or convicted persons and their lawyer before and during the hearing through videoconferencing or other distance communication technology shall be ensured. the defendants should be able to communicate with their legal representative over a secured system. the use of a secured line , different from the video connection provided for the remote hearing ,´will be ensured.


### 5. before hearing a child through videoconferencing or other distance communication technology , holders of parental responsibility as defined in article 3 , point 2 of directive (eu) 2016/800 of the european parliament and of the council50or another appropriate adult as referred to in article 5(2) of that directive shall be informed promptly. when deciding whether to hear a child through videoconferencing or other distance communication technology , the competent authority shall take into account the best interests of the child. ### 5. before hearing a minor through videoconferencing or other distance communication technology , holders of parental responsibility as defined in article 3 , point 2 of directive (eu) 2016/800 of the european parliament and of the council50 , or another appropriate adult as referred to in article 5(2) of that directive , shall be informed promptly. when deciding whether or not to hear a minor by videoconference or other distance communication technology , the competent authority shall take into account the best interests of the child as well as the full range of their rights as provided for in european and national law.


### 7. a suspect , an accused and the convicted person shall have the right to an effective legal remedy under national law in the event of a breach of this article. ### deleted


### 7. a suspect , an accused and the convicted person shall have the right to an effective legal remedy under national law in the event of a breach of this article. ### 7. a suspect , an accused and the convicted person shall be informed about the right to an effective legal remedy under national law in the event of a breach of this article.


### documents transmitted as part of electronic communication shall not be denied legal effect or be considered inadmissible in the context of cross-border judicial procedures under the legal acts listed in annex i and annex ii solely on the ground that they are in electronic form. ### documents transmitted as part of electronic communication shall not be denied legal effect or be considered inadmissible in the context of cross-border judicial procedures under the legal acts listed in annex i and annex ii solely on the ground that they are in electronic form , if they fulfil all the conditions set out in this regulation.


### 3. member states shall not be prevented from applying for grants to support the activities referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 , under the relevant union financial programmes. ### 3. member states shall be encouraged and supported by the commission to apply for grants to support the activities referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 , under the relevant union financial programmes.


### 1. every five years after the date of application of article 25 , the commission shall carry out an evaluation of this regulation and present to the european parliament and to the council a report supported by information supplied by the member states and collected by the commission. ### 1. every two years after the date of application of article 25 , the commission shall carry out an evaluation of this regulation and present to the european parliament and to the council a report supported by information supplied by the member states and collected by the commission.


### 1. member states shall start using the decentralised it system referred to in articles 3(1) , and 5(1) and (2) from the first day of the month following the period of two years after the adoption of the implementing act referred to in article 12(3). ### 1. member states shall start using the decentralised it system referred to in articles 3(1) , and 5(1) and (2) from the first day of the month following the period one year after the adoption of the implementing act referred to in article 12(3).


### 2. member states shall start using the decentralised it system referred to in articles 3(1) , and 5(1) and (2) from the first day of the month following the period of two years after the adoption of the implementing act referred to in article 12(4). ### 2. member states shall start using the decentralised it system referred to in articles 3(1) , and 5(1) and (2) from the first day of the month following the period of one year after the adoption of the implementing act referred to in article 12(4).


### 3. member states shall start using the decentralised it system referred to in 3(1) , and 5(1) and (2) from the first day of the month following the period of two years after the adoption of the implementing act referred to in article 12(5). ### 3. member states shall start using the decentralised it system referred to in 3(1) , and 5(1) and (2) from the first day of the month following the period of one year after the adoption of the implementing act referred to in article 12(5).


### 4. member states shall start using the decentralised it system referred to in 3(1) , and 5(1) and (2) from the first day of the month following the period of two years after the adoption of the implementing act referred to in article 12(6). ### 4. member states shall start using the decentralised it system referred to in 3(1) , and 5(1) and (2) from the first day of the month following the period of one year after the adoption of the implementing act referred to in article 12(6).


### it shall apply from [the first day of the month following the period of two years after the date of entry into force]. ### it shall apply from [the first day of the month following the period of one year after the date of entry into force].


### — having regard to the universal declaration of human rights , ### — having regard to the universal declaration of human rights , in particular article 191a


### a. whereas independent journalism and access to pluralistic information are key pillars of democracy; whereas civil society is essential for any democracy to thrive; ### a. whereas the rights to freedom of expression , to information and to public participation , are among the cornerstones of the european understanding of democracy; whereas independent journalism and access to pluralistic information are key pillars of democracy; whereas the information , reports , opinions , claims , arguments , and other expressions provided by civil society are vital for any democracy to thrive;


### a. whereas independent journalism and access to pluralistic information are key pillars of democracy; whereas civil society is essential for any democracy to thrive; ### a. whereas independent journalism and access to pluralistic information are key pillars of democracy; whereas civil society is essential for any democracy to thrive and the shrinking of the space available for civil society work can negatively impact democracies;


### a. whereas independent journalism and access to pluralistic information are key pillars of democracy; whereas civil society is essential for any democracy to thrive; ### a. whereas independent and impartial journalism and unhindered access to pluralistic and accurate information are key pillars of democracy; whereas the freedom of expression of civil society is essential for any democracy to thrive;


### b. whereas strategic lawsuits against public participation (slapps) are lawsuits or other legal actions (e.g. injunctions , asset-freezing) based on civil and criminal law , as well as the threats of such actions , with the purpose of preventing reporting on breaches of union and national law , corruption or other fraudulent practices or of blocking public participation; ### b. whereas strategic lawsuits against public participation (slapps) are lawsuits or other legal actions (e.g. injunctions , asset-freezing) brought forward by private individuals and entities but also inter alia by public officials , public bodies and publicly controlled entities , directed to one or more individuals or groups based on civil and criminal law , as well as the threats of such actions , with the purpose of preventing reporting on breaches of union and national law , corruption or other fraudulent practices or of blocking public participation; whereas silencing views on public matters has a direct , detrimental impact on democratic participation and dialogue and impairs the principles and european foundational values , enshrined in article 2 of the teu;


### legislative measures - a package addressing slapps should include proposals: ### legislative measures - a package addressing slapps , including early dismissal mechanisms , should include proposals:


### 1. underlines that an independent , impartial , professional and responsible media is a key pillar of democracy; expresses serious concerns about the situation in some member states whereby media laws allow for greater political interference; ### 1. underlines that an independent , impartial , professional and responsible media is a key pillar of democracy; expresses serious concerns about the situation in some member states whereby media laws allow for greater political interference; call on the member states to ensure that media ownership including shareholders is transparent given their role to guarantee media pluralism;


### 2. is concerned that the current covid-19 pandemic not only continues to have a significant negative impact on public health , social welfare and the economy , but also entails a serious threat to media freedom; warns that governments across the world could use the coronavirus emergency as an excuse to implement draconian new restrictions on freedom of expression and tighten media censorship; calls on the commission to mobilise funds to encourage anti-corruption investigative journalism; ### 2. is concerned that the current covid-19 pandemic not only continues to have a significant negative impact on public health , social welfare and the economy , but also entails a serious threat to media freedom; warns that governments across the world could use the coronavirus emergency as an excuse to implement draconian new restrictions on freedom of expression and tighten media censorship; stresses that no eu funds should be allocated to media that is controlled by member states government ; calls on the commission to mobilise funds to encourage anti-corruption investigative journalism;


### 4. calls on the commission to propose a directive against strategic lawsuits against public participation (slapps) in order to protect independent media and journalists from vexatious lawsuits intended to silence or intimidate them; ### 4. calls on the commission to propose a directive against strategic lawsuits to set minimum standards for all member states against public participation (slapps) in order to protect independent media and journalists from vexatious lawsuits intended to silence or intimidate them; to provide eu harmonized rules recognising and defining slapps to identify abusive lawsuits and have them dismissed at an early stage; to support at eu level trainings for press publishers’ in-house lawyers to allow them to identify and deal with slapps faced by the company and its editorial team , stresses the need to create an eu fund to support victims of slapp; supports the creation of networks between slapp victims so they can coordinate and come together;


### 4. calls on the commission to propose a directive against strategic lawsuits against public participation (slapps) in order to protect independent media and journalists from vexatious lawsuits intended to silence or intimidate them; ### 4. calls on the commission to propose a directive against strategic lawsuits against public participation (slapps) in order to protect independent media and journalists , press publishers and media organisations from vexatious lawsuits intended to silence or intimidate them;


### 6. calls on the member states to guarantee that the public service media is free from censorship and political influence; invites the member states , in this regard , to establish the necessary regulatory frameworks to monitor media ownership and ensure full transparency; ### 6. calls on the member states to guarantee that media are free from censorship and political influence including economic pressures; invites the member states , in this regard , to establish the necessary regulatory frameworks to monitor media ownership and ensure full transparency;


### 7. encourages the member states to introduce effective measures to ensure better protection for the personal safety of journalists , in particular investigative journalists. ### 7. encourages the member states to introduce effective measures to ensure better protection for the personal safety of journalists , in particular investigative journalists. calls on the member states to adopt preventive measures , such as police protection and availability of schemes providing relocation , safe houses or shelters whenever there is a threat to journalists; emphasises that ensuring the safety of journalists is paramount to ensuring that democracy and freedom of expression is protected;


### 7. encourages the member states to introduce effective measures to ensure better protection for the personal safety of journalists , in particular investigative journalists. ### 7. encourages the member states to introduce effective measures to ensure better protection for the personal safety of journalists , in particular investigative journalists; calls on the commission and the member states to present legislative and non-legislative proposals to protect journalist resources;


### (4) the e-codex system is a tool specifically designed to facilitate the cross-border electronic exchange of messages in the justice area. in the context of increased digitalisation of proceedings in civil and criminal matters , the aim of the e-codex system is to improve the efficiency of cross-border communication between the competent authorities and facilitate access to justice of citizens and businesses. it has been managed up to date by a consortium of member states and organisations with funding from union programmes ### (4) the e-codex system is a tool specifically designed to be adopted on a preferential basis to facilitate the cross-border electronic exchange of content by electronic means , in the field of judicial cooperation , both in civil and criminal proceedings. in the context of increased digitalisation of proceedings in civil and criminal matters , the aim of the e-codex system is to improve the efficiency of cross-border communication between the competent authorities and facilitate access to justice of citizens and businesses. it has been managed up to date by a consortium of member states and organisations with funding from union programmes


### (15) the member states should maintain a list of authorised e-codex access points operated within their territory , and communicate them to eu-lisa in order to enable the interaction between them in the context of the relevant procedures. the commission should maintain a similar list of authorised e-codex access points operated by the union institutions , bodies and agencies for the same reason. the entities operating the access points at national level may be public authorities , organisations representing legal practitioners or private companies. bearing in mind the decentralised nature of the e-codex system , while eu-lisa should ensure the operational management of the e-codex system , the responsibility for setting up and operating the authorised e-codex access points should lie exclusively with the entities operating the relevant access points. the entities operating the authorised e-codex access point should bear the responsibility for any damage resulting from the operation of the authorised e-codex access point. ### (15) the member states should maintain a list of authorised e-codex access points operated within their territory , and communicate them to eu-lisa in order to enable the interaction between them in the context of the relevant procedures. the commission should maintain a similar list of authorised e-codex access points operated by the union institutions , bodies and agencies for the same reason. the entities operating the access points at national level may be public authorities , organisations representing legal practitioners or private companies. in the case of entities which are not part of the public administration , member states should be directly responsible for their actions. bearing in mind the decentralised nature of the e-codex system , while eu-lisa should ensure the operational management of the e-codex system , the responsibility for setting up and operating the authorised e-codex access points should lie exclusively with the entities operating the relevant access points. the entities operating the authorised e-codex access point should bear the responsibility for any damage resulting from the operation of the authorised e-codex access point.


### 1. the board shall have a secretariat , which shall be provided by the commission. ### 1. the board shall be assisted by an independent bureau.


### 3. the secretariat shall provide administrative and organisational support to the activities of the board. the secretariat shall also assist the board in carrying out its tasks. ### 3. the bureau of the european body for media services shall be established as a legally autonomous body. the main task of the bureau should be to assist the board in carrying out its tasks , laid down in this regulation and in directive 2010/13/eu.


### in agreement with the commission , draw up opinions with respect to: ### draw up opinions with respect to:


### upon request of the commission , draw up opinions with respect to: ### on its own initiative , or upon request of the commission , draw up opinions with respect to:


### 4. the board shall foster cooperation between media service providers , standardisation bodies or any other relevant stakeholders in order to facilitate the development of technical standards related to digital signals or design of devices or user interfaces controlling or managing access to and use of audiovisual media services. ### 4. the board shall foster cooperation between media service providers , standardisation bodies or any other relevant stakeholders in order to promote the development of eu-wide harmonised technical standards related to digital signals , such as hybrid broadband television broadcasting , and design of devices or user interfaces controlling or managing access to and use of audiovisual media services.


### it is subject to regulatory requirements for the exercise of editorial responsibility in one or more member states , or adheres to a co-regulatory or self-regulatory mechanism governing editorial standards , widely recognised and accepted in the relevant media sector in one or more member states. ### it is subject to regulatory requirements for the exercise of editorial responsibility in one or more member states , or adheres to a co-regulatory or self-regulatory mechanism governing editorial standards , widely recognised and accepted in the relevant media sector in one or more member states. media service providers’ self-declarations must be easy to verify. member states shall be responsible for verifying media service providers’ self-declarations and shall provide for an independent , rapid and effective complaint and redress mechanism.


### 2. where a provider of very large online platform decides to suspend the provision of its online intermediation services in relation to content provided by a media service provider that submitted a declaration pursuant to paragraph 1 of this article , on the grounds that such content is incompatible with its terms and conditions , without that content contributing to a systemic risk referred to in article 26 of the regulation (eu) 2022/xxx [digital services act] , it shall take all possible measures , to the extent consistent with their obligations under union law , including regulation (eu) 2022/xxx [digital services act] , to communicate to the media service provider concerned the statement of reasons accompanying that decision , as required by article 4(1) of regulation (eu) 2019/1150 , prior to the suspension taking effect. ### 2. where a provider of very large online platform decides to restrict or suspend the provision of its online intermediation services in relation to content provided by a media service provider that submitted a declaration pursuant to paragraph 1 of this article , on the grounds that such content is incompatible with its terms and conditions , without that content contributing to a systemic risk referred to in article 26 of the regulation (eu) 2022/xxx [digital services act] , it shall take all possible measures , to the extent consistent with their obligations under union law , including regulation (eu) 2022/xxx [digital services act] , to communicate to the media service provider concerned the statement of reasons accompanying that decision , as required by article 4(1) of regulation (eu) 2019/1150 and article 17(3) of regulation (eu) 2022/2065 , and must give the media service provider the opportunity to respond to that statement , prior to the suspension or restriction taking effect. if the provider of a large online platform subsequently decides to suspend or restrict content or services , at the time of the decision taking effect , it shall provide detailed reasons in writing as to why it rejects the media service provider’s objections.


### 3. providers of very large online platforms shall take all the necessary technical and organisational measures to ensure that complaints under article 11 of regulation (eu) 2019/1150 by media service providers that submitted a declaration pursuant to paragraph 1 of this article are processed and decided upon with priority and without undue delay. ### 3. providers of very large online platforms shall take all the necessary technical and organisational measures to ensure that complaints under article 11 of regulation (eu) 2019/1150 and article 20 of regulation (eu) 2022/2065 by media service providers that submitted a declaration pursuant to paragraph 1 of this article are processed and decided upon with priority and within no longer than 48 hours from a complaint being lodged. if the large online platform does not respect this time limit , it shall restore the content or service without undue delay.


### 4. where a media service provider that submitted a declaration pursuant to paragraph 1 considers that a provider of very large online platform frequently restricts or suspends the provision of its services in relation to content provided by the media service provider without sufficient grounds , the provider of very large online platform shall engage in a meaningful and effective dialogue with the media service provider , upon its request , in good faith with a view to finding an amicable solution for terminating unjustified restrictions or suspensions and avoiding them in the future. the media service provider may notify the outcome of such exchanges to the board. ### 4. where a media service provider that submitted a declaration pursuant to paragraph 1 considers that a provider of very large online platform restricts or suspends the provision of its services in relation to content provided by the media service provider without sufficient grounds , the provider of very large online platform shall engage in a meaningful and effective dialogue with the media service provider , upon its request , in good faith with a view to finding an amicable solution for terminating unjustified restrictions or suspensions and avoiding them in the future. the media service provider may notify the outcome of such exchanges to the board.


### 1. users shall have a right to easily change the default settings of any device or user interface controlling or managing access to and use of audiovisual media services in order to customise the audiovisual media offer according to their interests or preferences in compliance with the law. this provision shall not affect national measures implementing article 7a of directive 2010/13/eu. ### 1. users shall have a right to easily change the default settings of any device or user interface controlling or managing access to and use of audiovisual media services according to their preferences and in compliance with the law. device , hardware or user interface elements that are not directly linked to controlling or accessing audiovisual media services as such shall not be subject to this provision.


### 2. when placing the devices and user interfaces referred to in paragraph 1 on the market , manufacturers and developers shall ensure that they include a functionality enabling users to freely and easily change the default settings controlling or managing access to and use of the audiovisual media services offered. ### 2. when placing the devices and user interfaces referred to in paragraph 1 on the market , manufacturers and developers shall ensure that they include a software-based functionality enabling users to easily and free of charge to the users change the settings in the meaning of paragraph 1 of this article.


### 1. any legislative , regulatory or administrative measure taken by a member state that is liable to affect the operation of media service providers in the internal market shall be duly justified and proportionate. such measures shall be reasoned , transparent , objective and non-discriminatory. ### 1. any legislative , regulatory or administrative measure taken by a member state that is liable to affect the provision of media services or operation of media service providers in the internal market shall be duly and objectively justified , proportionate and minimise disruptions to the operations of multimedia service providers. such measures shall be adequate , reasoned , transparent , objective and non-discriminatory.


### 4. the board , upon request of the commission , shall draw up an opinion where a national legislative , regulatory or administrative measure is likely to affect the functioning of the internal market for media services. following the opinion of the board , and without prejudice to its powers under the treaties , the commission may issue its own opinion on the matter. opinions by the board and , where applicable , by the commission shall be made publicly available. ### 4. the board , upon request of the commission or on its own initiative , shall draw up an opinion where a national legislative , regulatory or administrative measure is likely to affect the functioning of the internal market for media services. following the opinion of the board , and without prejudice to its powers under the treaties , the commission may issue its own opinion on the matter. opinions by the board and , where applicable , by the commission shall be made publicly available. the board , upon request by a media service provider individually and directly affected by a measure or by the commission , shall draw up an opinion on the measure.


### assessment of media market concentrations ### assessment of market concentrations significantly impacting media pluralism


### member states shall provide , in their national legal systems , substantive and procedural rules which ensure an assessment of media market concentrations that could have a significant impact on media pluralism and editorial independence. these rules shall: ### where member states decide to lay down rules for the assessment of market concentrations significantly impacting media pluralism


### require the parties to a media market concentration that could have a significant impact on media pluralism and editorial independence to notify that concentration in advance to the relevant national authorities or bodies; ### deleted


### designate the national regulatory authority or body as responsible for the assessment of the impact of a notifiable concentration on media pluralism and editorial independence or ensure the involvement of the national regulatory authority or body in such assessment; ### deleted


### 2. in the assessment referred to in paragraph 1 , the following elements shall be taken into account: ### 2. in the assessment referred to in paragraph 1 , the following elements may be taken into account:


### the impact of the concentration on media pluralism , including its effects on the formation of public opinion and on the diversity of media players on the market , taking into account the online environment and the parties’ interests , links or activities in other media or non-media businesses; ### the impact of the concentration on media pluralism , including its effects on the formation of public opinion and on the diversity of media players on the market , focusing on activities related to the provision of information , taking into account the online environment , the important role of public service media providers and the parties’ interests , links or activities in other media or non-media businesses;


### whether , in the absence of the concentration , the acquiring and acquired entity would remain economically sustainable , and whether there are any possible alternatives to ensure its economic sustainability. ### deleted


### 4. the national regulatory authority or body shall consult the board in advance on any opinion or decision it aims to adopt assessing the impact on media pluralism and editorial independence of a notifiable media market concentration where such concentrations may affect the functioning of the internal market. ### 4. the national regulatory authority or body shall consult the board in advance on any opinion or decision it aims to adopt assessing the impact on media pluralism of a notifiable media market concentration significantly impacting media pluralism where such concentrations may affect the functioning of the internal market.


### 1. in the absence of an assessment or a consultation pursuant to article 21 , the board , upon request of the commission , shall draw up an opinion on the impact of a media market concentration on media pluralism and editorial independence , where a media market concentration is likely to affect the functioning of the internal market for media services. the board shall base its opinion on the elements set out in article 21(2). the board may bring media market concentrations likely to affect the functioning of the internal market for media services to the attention of the commission. ### 1. in the absence of an assessment or a consultation pursuant to article 21 , the board , upon request of the commission or on its own initiative , shall draw up an opinion on the impact of a media market concentration on media pluralism and editorial independence , where a media market concentration is likely to affect the functioning of the internal market for media services. the board shall base its opinion on the elements set out in article 21(2). the board may bring media market concentrations likely to affect the functioning of the internal market for media services to the attention of the commission.


### 2. without prejudice to the protection of undertakings’ business secrets , providers of proprietary audience measurement systems shall provide , without undue delay and free of costs , to media service providers and advertisers , as well as to third parties authorised by media service providers and advertisers , accurate , detailed , comprehensive , intelligible and up-to-date information on the methodology used by their audience measurement systems. this provision shall not affect the union’s data protection and privacy rules. ### 2. providers of proprietary audience measurement systems developed without market governance or outside of european or national industry standards agreed by the relevant national self-regulatory bodies shall provide , without undue delay and free of costs , to media service providers , advertisers , and right holders as well as to third parties authorised by media service providers , advertisers or right holders , accurate , detailed , comprehensive , intelligible and up-to-date information on the data collected and on the methodology used by their audience measurement systems. right holders should also have access to consumption and performance data collected regarding their programs. this provision shall not affect the union’s data protection and privacy rules.


### 2. without prejudice to the protection of undertakings’ business secrets , providers of proprietary audience measurement systems shall provide , without undue delay and free of costs , to media service providers and advertisers , as well as to third parties authorised by media service providers and advertisers , accurate , detailed , comprehensive , intelligible and up-to-date information on the methodology used by their audience measurement systems. this provision shall not affect the union’s data protection and privacy rules. ### 2. providers of audience measurement systems developed without market governance , or outside of industry standards , shall in agreement with the relevant national self-regulatory bodies provide , without undue delay and free of costs , to media service providers and advertisers , as well as to third parties authorised by media service providers and advertisers , accurate , detailed , comprehensive , intelligible and up-to-date information on the methodology used by their audience measurement systems. the methodology and its application shall be verified at least once a year by an independent body. this provision shall not affect the union’s data protection and privacy rules.


### 3. national regulatory authorities or bodies shall encourage the drawing up of codes of conduct by providers of audience measurement systems , together with media service providers , their representative organisations and any other interested parties , that are intended to contribute to compliance with the principles referred to in paragraph 1 , including by promoting independent and transparent audits. ### 3. media service providers , their representative organisations and any other interested parties , should draw up codes of conduct with the support of national regulatory bodies that are intended to contribute to compliance with the principles referred to in paragraph 1 , including by promoting independent and transparent audits. the same principles and provisions should also apply to online platforms. the codes of conduct should provide for: regular , transparent and independent monitoring , assessment of compliance with the principles contained therein and effective implementation , including through proportionate sanctions , where appropriate.


### 4. the commission , assisted by the board , may issue guidelines on the practical application of paragraphs 1 , 2 and 3 of this article. ### 4. the commission , assisted by the board and experts from media service providers , research companies or organisations , such as the joint industry committees that provide audience measurements for the market , may issue guidelines on the practical application of paragraphs 1 , 2 and 3 of this article.


### allocation of state advertising ### allocation of state funding


### 1. public funds or any other consideration or advantage granted by public authorities to media service providers for the purposes of advertising shall be awarded according to transparent , objective , proportionate and non-discriminatory criteria and through open , proportionate and non-discriminatory procedures. this article shall not affect public procurement rules. ### 1. public funds or any other consideration or advantage granted by public authorities to media service providers and providers of online platforms , including for the purposes of advertising shall be awarded according to transparent , objective , proportionate and non-discriminatory criteria and through open , proportionate and non-discriminatory procedures. this article shall not affect public procurement rules.


### 2. public authorities , including national , federal or regional governments , regulatory authorities or bodies , as well as state-owned enterprises or other state-controlled entities at the national or regional level , or local governments of territorial entities of more than 1 million inhabitants , shall make publicly available accurate , comprehensive , intelligible , detailed and yearly information about their advertising expenditure allocated to media service providers , which shall include at least the following details: ### 2. public authorities , including national , federal or regional governments , regulatory authorities or bodies , as well as state-owned enterprises or other state-controlled entities at the national or regional level , or local governments of territorial entities of more than 1 million inhabitants , shall make publicly available accurate , comprehensive , intelligible , detailed and yearly information about their expenditures allocated to media service providers and providers of online platforms , which shall include at least the following details:


### the legal names of media service providers from which advertising services were purchased; ### the legal names of media service providers from which advertising services were purchased and who received state funding;


### the total annual amount spent as well as the amounts spent per media service provider. ### the total annual amount spent as well as the amounts spent per media service provider or providers of online platforms.


### 3. national regulatory authorities or bodies shall monitor the allocation of state advertising in media markets. in order to assess the accuracy of the information on state advertising made available pursuant to paragraph 2 , national regulatory authorities or bodies may request from the entities referred to in paragraph 2 further information , including information on the application of criteria referred to in paragraph 1. ### 3. national regulatory authorities or bodies shall monitor the allocation of state funding , including advertising in media markets and to providers of online platforms. in order to assess the accuracy of the information on state funding , including advertising , made available pursuant to paragraph 2 , national regulatory authorities or bodies may request from the entities referred to in paragraph 2 further information , including information on the application of criteria referred to in paragraph 1.


### however , articles 7 to 12 and 27 shall apply from [3 months after the entry into force] and article 19(2) shall apply from [48 months after the entry into force]. ### however , articles 7 to 12 and 27 shall apply from [3 months after the entry into force] and article 19 shall apply from [60 months after the entry into force].


### (37) recipients of audiovisual media services should be able to effectively choose the audiovisual content they want to watch according to their preferences. their freedom in this area may however be constrained by commercial practices in the media sector , namely agreements for content prioritisation between manufacturers of devices or providers of user interfaces controlling or managing access to and use of audiovisual media services , such as connected televisions , and media service providers. prioritisation can be implemented , for example , on the home screen of a device , through hardware or software shortcuts , applications and search areas , which have implications on the recipients’ viewing behaviour , who may be unduly incentivised to choose certain audiovisual media offers over others. service recipients should have the possibility to change , in a simple and user-friendly manner , the default settings of a device or user interface controlling and managing access to , and use of , audiovisual media services , without prejudice to measures to ensure the appropriate prominence of audiovisual media services of general interest implementing article 7a of directive 2010/13/ec , taken in the pursuit of legitimate public policy considerations. ### (37) recipients of audiovisual media services should be able to effectively choose the audiovisual content they want to watch according to their preferences. their freedom in this area may however be constrained by commercial practices in the media sector , such as agreements for content prioritisation between manufacturers of devices or providers of user interfaces controlling or managing access to and use of audiovisual media services , such as connected televisions , and media service providers. prioritisation can be implemented , for example , on the home screen of a user interface , through hardware shortcuts such as dedicated buttons on remote controls or software shortcuts , applications and search areas , which have implications on the recipients’ viewing behaviour. service recipients should have the possibility to change , in a simple and user-friendly manner , the default settings of a device or user interface controlling and managing access to , and use of , audiovisual media services , without prejudice to measures to ensure the appropriate prominence of audiovisual media services of general interest implementing article 7a of directive 2010/13/ec , taken in the pursuit of legitimate public policy considerations. user interface elements or hardware elements that are unrelated to controlling or accessing audiovisual media services as such should not be subject to the requirement for changing settings. for instance , user interface elements primarily serving the operation of the device such as menu guides or buttons dedicated to regulating volume or brightness should not be subject to this obligation.


### (38) different legislative , regulatory or administrative measures can negatively affect the operation of media service providers in the internal market. they include , for example , rules to limit the ownership of media companies by other companies active in the media sector or non-media related sectors; they also include decisions related to licensing , authorisation or prior notification for media service providers. in order to mitigate their potential negative impact on the functioning of the internal market for media services and enhance legal certainty , it is important that such measures comply with the principles of objective justification , transparency , non-discrimination and proportionality. ### (38) the operation of media service providers in the internal market has been restricted and negatively affected by several legislative measures , including , for example , by the rules limit the ownership of media companies by other companies active in the media sector or non-media related sectors , as well as by decisions related to licensing , authorisation or prior notification for media service providers. in order to mitigate their potential negative impact on the functioning of the internal market for media services and enhance legal certainty , it is important that such measures minimise disruptions to the operations of multimedia service providers and comply with the principles of objective justification , adequacy , transparency , non-discrimination and proportionality.


### (39) it is also key that the board is empowered to issue an opinion , on the commission’s request , where national measures are likely to affect the functioning of the internal market for media services. this is , for example , the case when a national administrative measure is addressed to a media service provider providing its services towards more than one member state , or when the concerned media service provider has a significant influence on the formation of public opinion in that member state. ### (39) it is also key that the board is empowered to issue an opinion , on the commission’s request , where national measures are likely to affect the functioning of the internal market for media services. this is , for example , the case when a national administrative measure is addressed to a media service provider providing its services towards more than one member state , or when the concerned media service provider has a significant influence on the formation of public opinion in that member state. media service providers individually and directly affected by a measure should be able to request that the board draw up opinions on such measures.


### (45) audience measurement has a direct impact on the allocation and the prices of advertising , which represents a key revenue source for the media sector. it is a crucial tool to evaluate the performance of media content and understand the preferences of audiences in order to plan the future production of content. accordingly , media market players , in particular media service providers and advertisers , should be able to rely on objective audience data stemming from transparent , unbiased and verifiable audience measurement solutions. however , certain new players that have emerged in the media ecosystem provide their own measurement services without making available information on their methodologies. this could result in information asymmetries among media market players and in potential market distortions , to the detriment of equality of opportunities for media service providers in the market. ### (45) audience measurement has a direct impact on the allocation and the prices of advertising , which represents a key revenue source for the media sector. it is a crucial tool to evaluate the performance of media content and understand the preferences of audiences in order to plan the advertising inventory , purchasing , scheduling , sale and future production of content. accordingly , media market players , in particular media service providers and advertisers , should be able to rely on objective audience data stemming from transparent , unbiased and verifiable audience measurement solutions. however , certain new players that have emerged in the media ecosystem provide their own measurement services without making available information on their methodologies. this could result in information asymmetries among media market players and in potential market distortions , to the detriment of equality of opportunities for media service providers in the market.


### (45) audience measurement has a direct impact on the allocation and the prices of advertising , which represents a key revenue source for the media sector. it is a crucial tool to evaluate the performance of media content and understand the preferences of audiences in order to plan the future production of content. accordingly , media market players , in particular media service providers and advertisers , should be able to rely on objective audience data stemming from transparent , unbiased and verifiable audience measurement solutions. however , certain new players that have emerged in the media ecosystem provide their own measurement services without making available information on their methodologies. this could result in information asymmetries among media market players and in potential market distortions , to the detriment of equality of opportunities for media service providers in the market. ### (45) audience measurement has a direct impact on the allocation and the prices of advertising , which represents a key revenue source for the media sector. accordingly , media market players , in particular media service providers , right holders and advertisers should be able to rely on objective audience data stemming from transparent , unbiased and verifiable audience or consumption and performance measurement solutions. however , certain new players such as very large online platforms and very large search engines provide their own measurement services without making available information on their methodologies. this could result in incomparable measurement systems and information asymmetries among media market players and in potential market distortions , to the detriment of equality of opportunities for media service providers in the market.