### b. whereas at least 16 969 people have lost their lives in the mediterranean since 2014; whereas non-assistance to people in distress at sea and push-backs to unsafe ports in third countries violate the international law of the sea and the right to life; ### b. whereas at least 16 969 people have lost their lives in the mediterranean since 2014; whereas one of the ways to tackle this phenomenon is to reduce drastically the migratory flows across the mediterranean;


### b. whereas the commission communication of 7 june 2016 on establishing a new partnership framework with third countries under the european agenda on migration , which builds on the gamm principles , stresses that migration issues are at the top of the eu’s external relations priorities; whereas this framework calls for intensified cooperation with third countries , through ‘partnerships’ aiming at ensuring cooperation on migration management , in effectively preventing irregular migration and readmitting irregular migrants , including with positive and negative incentives stemming from different policy elements within eu competence , including neighbourhood , development aid , trade , mobility , energy , security and digital policies , all leveraged towards the same objective; ### b. whereas the commission communication of 7 june 2016 on establishing a new partnership framework with third countries under the european agenda on migration , which builds on the gamm principles , stresses that migration issues are at the top of the eu’s external relations priorities; whereas this framework calls for intensified cooperation with third countries , through ‘partnerships’ aiming at ensuring cooperation on migration management , in effectively preventing irregular migration and readmitting irregular migrants , including with positive and negative incentives stemming from different policy elements within eu competence , including neighbourhood , development assistance , trade , mobility , energy , security and digital policies , all leveraged towards the same objective;


### 1. calls on the commission to carry out a comprehensive evaluation of the human rights implications of the eu’s external migration policy , paying particular attention to the eu-turkey statement , cooperation with libya , the joint way forward with afghanistan , projects carried under the khartoum process and frontex cooperation; ### 1. calls on the commission to carry out a comprehensive evaluation of the human rights implications of the eu’s external migration policy , paying particular attention to the eu-turkey statement , cooperation with libya , the joint way forward with afghanistan , projects carried under the khartoum process and frontex cooperation; emphasizes the need for a stronger and better cooperation and for a continuous dialogue between the eu and third countries , in order to improve the human rights situation and to ensure a better migration management;


### 1. calls on the commission to carry out a comprehensive evaluation of the human rights implications of the eu’s external migration policy , paying particular attention to the eu-turkey statement , cooperation with libya , the joint way forward with afghanistan , projects carried under the khartoum process and frontex cooperation; ### 1. calls on the commission to carry out a comprehensive evaluation of the human rights implications of the eu’s external migration policy , including the implications for european citizens;


### 1. calls on the commission to carry out a comprehensive evaluation of the human rights implications of the eu’s external migration policy , paying particular attention to the eu-turkey statement , cooperation with libya , the joint way forward with afghanistan , projects carried under the khartoum process and frontex cooperation; ### 1. calls on the commission to carry out an evaluation of the eu’s external migration policy , targeting specifically its implications on the respect of human rights of third country nationals;


### 1. highlights that , alongside the treaty-based obligation to pursue the values of respect for human dignity , the rule of law and respect for human rights and international law in all external dealings , the eu and its member states have human rights obligations towards third-country nationals (tcns) when cooperating on migration with third countries and other non-eu actors such as private contractors or international organisations; ### 1. highlights that , alongside the treaty-based obligation to pursue the values of respect for human dignity , the rule of law and respect for human rights and international law in all external dealings , the eu and its member states have human rights obligations towards third-country nationals (tcns) when cooperating on migration with third countries and other non-eu actors;


### 1. reaffirms that the right to migrate is a human right; calls on the commission to promote development and humanitarian policies that protect the human and social rights of all migrants , wherever eu action is deployed and irrespective of their legal status; ### 1. reaffirms that the right to migrate is a human right; calls on the commission to promote development and humanitarian policies that protect the human and social rights of all people , including idps and vulnerable groups such as women and girls in conflict affected regions , disabled , elderly people , wherever eu action is deployed and irrespective of their legal status;


### 2. deplores the lack of transparency of the eutf and the fact that parliament is not involved in its scrutiny; calls on the commission to comprehensively review the implementation of the eutf , including by involving human rights csos; ### 2. deplores the lack of transparency of the eutf and the fact that parliament is not involved in its scrutiny; calls on the commission to comprehensively review the implementation of the eutf;


### 2. deplores the lack of transparency of the eutf and the fact that parliament is not involved in its scrutiny; calls on the commission to comprehensively review the implementation of the eutf , including by involving human rights csos; ### 2. notes the lack of transparency of the eutf and the fact that parliament is not involved in its scrutiny; calls on the commission to take measures to improve transparency in the implementation of the eutf and keeping the parliament informed at all stages;


### 2. stresses that these obligations require not only the abstract recognition of the applicability of the relevant standards , but also an appropriate operationalisation through detailed and specific instruments that allow for effective protection in practice as well as through a human rights-based approach to the entire migration policy cycle , from formulation to adoption , implementation and evaluation; ### 2. stresses that these obligations require not only the recognition of the applicability of the relevant standards , but also an appropriate operationalisation through detailed and specific instruments that allow for effective protection in practice;


### 2. recalls that eu development cooperation must have as its main objective the reduction and eradication of poverty and that it must be based on partner countries’ development agendas , following a needs and rights-based approach , and not on eu domestic interests; ### 2. recalls that eu development cooperation must have as its main objective the reduction and eradication of poverty and that it must be based on partner countries’ development agendas , following a needs and rights-based approach , , and calls for strong regional cooperation and involvement of local partners in the joint programming;


### 3. condemns the increasing use by the eu and member states of informal arrangements with third countries such as statements , declarations , standard operating procedures and memoranda of understanding that aim to step up returns and prevent people from finding safety in europe; calls for the suspension of arrangements that are incompatible with the charter of fundamental rights , the eu treaties and international law; calls for full transparency over such arrangements and their implementation. ### 3. stresses that arrangements with third countries should take place in accordance with the charter of fundamental rights , the eu treaties and international law; calls for full transparency over such arrangements and their implementation; stresses the need for an increased and mutually beneficial cooperation with the third countries based on “more for more principle”;


### 3. condemns the increasing use by the eu and member states of informal arrangements with third countries such as statements , declarations , standard operating procedures and memoranda of understanding that aim to step up returns and prevent people from finding safety in europe; calls for the suspension of arrangements that are incompatible with the charter of fundamental rights , the eu treaties and international law; calls for full transparency over such arrangements and their implementation. ### 3. encourages the eu to make every effort to tackle the misuse of its migration policy and the right to asylum by using all of the levers at its disposal to make third countries of origin and transit take responsibility and to ensure that they achieve tangible results , including when it comes to taking in migrants rescued at sea;


### 3. recalls that the eu and , when applying eu law , the member states , in their external and extraterritorial actions in the areas of migration , borders and asylum , should pay specific attention to the rights enshrined in the charter of fundamental rights , including the right to liberty , the right to asylum , human dignity and security , the prohibition of ill-treatment , slavery and forced labour , and the obligation to take the interests of the child as a primary consideration and to ensure non-discrimination and procedural guarantees such as the right to an effective remedy and data protection; ### 3. recalls that the eu and , when applying eu law , the member states , in their external and extraterritorial actions in the areas of migration , borders and asylum , should pay specific attention to the rights enshrined in the charter of fundamental rights , including the right to liberty , the right to asylum , human dignity and security , the prohibition of ill-treatment , slavery and forced labour , and the obligation to take the interests of the child as a primary consideration and to ensure non-discrimination and procedural guarantees such as the right to an effective remedy and data protection including the right to family reunification and preventing the situation of dividing children from their parents or legal guardians;


### 3. recalls that the eu and , when applying eu law , the member states , in their external and extraterritorial actions in the areas of migration , borders and asylum , should pay specific attention to the rights enshrined in the charter of fundamental rights , including the right to liberty , the right to asylum , human dignity and security , the prohibition of ill-treatment , slavery and forced labour , and the obligation to take the interests of the child as a primary consideration and to ensure non-discrimination and procedural guarantees such as the right to an effective remedy and data protection; ### 3. recalls that the eu and , when applying eu law , the member states , in their external and extraterritorial actions in the areas of migration , borders and asylum , should pay specific attention to the rights enshrined in the charter of fundamental rights , including the right to liberty , the right to freedom of religion , the right to asylum , human dignity and security , the prohibition of ill-treatment , slavery and forced labour , and the obligation to take the interests of the child as a primary consideration and to ensure non-discrimination and procedural guarantees such as the right to an effective remedy and data protection;


### 3. takes note of the eu’s new pact on migration and asylum; expresses its regret that the proposed measures are insufficient to ensure respect for migrants’ human rights and is especially worried about the externalisation of eu border management and migration control; ### 3. takes note of the eu’s new pact on migration and asylum; expresses its regret that the proposed measures are insufficient to establish a sustainable asylum system , strongly based on cooperation on return and readmission and to ensure respect for human rights and notes that the return and local resettlement of idps must be prioritised and supported to grant their rights to stay in their homeland;


### — having regard to the global compact for safe , orderly and regular migration and the global compact on refugees , adopted by the un general assembly in 2018 , ### deleted


### d. whereas since 2016 the eu has multiplied the number of informal agreements and arrangements on return and readmission with third countries , including joint migration declarations , memoranda of understanding , joint ways forward , standard operating procedures and good practices; whereas , similarly to formal readmission agreements , such informal arrangements affirm states’ commitments to readmitting their nationals (or others) and establish procedures to carry out returns in practice; whereas since 2016 , the eu has concluded at least 11 informal agreements but only one new readmission agreement; ### d. whereas since 2016 the eu has multiplied the number of informal agreements and arrangements on return and readmission with third countries , including joint migration declarations , memoranda of understanding , joint ways forward , standard operating procedures and good practices; whereas , similarly to formal readmission agreements , such informal arrangements affirm states’ commitments to readmitting their nationals (or others) and establish procedures to carry out returns in practice; whereas since 2016 , the eu has concluded at least 11 informal agreements but only one new readmission agreement; whereas negotiations for the signing of readmission agreements with nigeria , china , tunisia and morocco are in progress; whereas the draft readmission agreement between the european union and morocco dates back more than two decades , during which time the commission has failed to resolve the issue of readmission with morocco , while informal agreements between the eu and third countries do not provide a predictable policy or any stable and coherent statutory framework provisions regarding illegal migration;


### d. whereas since 2016 the eu has multiplied the number of informal agreements and arrangements on return and readmission with third countries , including joint migration declarations , memoranda of understanding , joint ways forward , standard operating procedures and good practices; whereas , similarly to formal readmission agreements , such informal arrangements affirm states’ commitments to readmitting their nationals (or others) and establish procedures to carry out returns in practice; whereas since 2016 , the eu has concluded at least 11 informal agreements but only one new readmission agreement; ### d. whereas since 2016 the eu has multiplied the number of informal agreements and arrangements with third countries , aiming to strengthen their operational capacities in border control and management , the fight against human trafficking as well as regarding return and readmission procedures , including joint migration declarations , memoranda of understanding , joint ways forward , standard operating procedures and good practices; whereas , similarly to formal readmission agreements , such informal arrangements affirm states’ commitments to readmitting their nationals (or others) and establish procedures to carry out returns in practice; whereas since 2016 , the eu has concluded at least 11 informal agreements but only one new readmission agreement;


### e. whereas in its communication on the new pact on migration and asylum of 23 september 2020 , the commission reiterated that in the framework of comprehensive partnerships with third countries migration should be built in as a core issue and linked to other policies , such as those relating to development cooperation , security , visas , trade , agriculture , investment and employment , energy , environment and climate change and education; ### e. whereas in its communication on the new pact on migration and asylum of 23 september 2020 , the commission reiterated that the internal and external dimensions of migration are inextricably linked and that working in close collaboration with third countries is essential , therefore , in order to address valuable objectives for both sides , such as the root causes of illegal migration , combating migrant smuggling , helping refugees residing in third countries and supporting well-managed legal migration; whereas it emphasised , furthermore , that in the framework of these comprehensive partnerships with third countries migration should be built in as a core issue and linked to other policies , such as those relating to development cooperation , security , visas , trade , agriculture , investment and employment , energy , environment and climate change and education;


### f. whereas the eu action plan on human rights and democracy 2020-2024 commits the eu and its member states to ‘advocate for the specific protection to which migrants , refugees , and internally displaced and stateless persons are entitled’; whereas this action plan commits the eu to ‘promoting non-discriminatory access to social services , including quality and affordable healthcare and education (also online) , and build[ing] practitioners’ capacity to respond to the specific needs of (...) migrants [and] refugees’ and to ‘support[ing] a human rights-based approach to migration governance and strengthen[ing] the capacity of states , civil society and un partners to implement this approach’; ### f. whereas the eu action plan on human rights and democracy 2020-2024 lays down lines of ambition and priorities , including the protection of individuals and the elimination of inequalities , discrimination and exclusion , specifically ‘advocating for the specific protection to which migrants , refugees , and internally displaced and stateless persons are entitled’; whereas with this action plan the eu will promote ‘non-discriminatory access to social services , including quality and affordable healthcare and education (also online) , and build practitioners’ capacity to respond to the specific needs of (...) migrants [and] refugees’ and ‘support a human rights-based approach to migration governance and strengthen the capacity of states , civil society and un partners to implement this approach’;


### g. whereas the former un special rapporteur on the human rights of migrants has criticised the eu’s approach to migration for its lack of transparency and clarity , and for the weak status of many of the agreements reached in this framework , which in his view generally lack monitoring and accountability measures; whereas the special rapporteur also concludes that there are few signs that mobility partnerships have resulted in additional human rights or development benefits , while the overall focus on security and the lack of policy coherence within the approach as a whole create a risk that any benefits arising from human rights and development projects would be overshadowed by the secondary effects of more security-focused policies; ### g. whereas the 2015 report of the former un special rapporteur on the human rights of migrants notes shortcomings with the eu’s approach to migration and with the agreements reached in this framework , which in his view generally lack monitoring and accountability measures;


### h. whereas un human rights experts warned that the covid-19 pandemic is having serious and disproportionate effects on migrants and their families globally; whereas they have called on states to protect the rights of migrants and their families , regardless of their migration status , both during and after the pandemic; ### h. whereas un human rights experts warned that the covid-19 pandemic is having serious and disproportionate effects on migrants and their families globally; whereas they have called on states to protect the rights of migrants and their families;


### 4. observes that the commission has yet to evaluate the impact of the implementation of its successive migration policy frameworks , notably the gamm and the new partnership framework , on the human rights of tcns as well as the human rights impact of the eu’s cooperation on migration with third countries; insists on the need to carry out such an evaluation in a comprehensive , inclusive and public format with a view to ensuring the full human rights compliance of the eu’s external migration policy; ### 4. observes that the commission has yet to evaluate the impact of the implementation of its successive migration policy frameworks , notably the gamm and the new partnership framework , on the human rights of tcns as well as the human rights impact of the eu’s cooperation on migration with third countries; insists on the need to carry out such an evaluation in a comprehensive , inclusive and public format with a view to ensuring the full human rights compliance of the eu’s external migration policy; calls on the commission to review the eu's migration policy on an annual basis;


### 4. insists on the need for humanitarian corridors and safe and legal migration pathways from neighbouring and developing countries into the eu; ### 4. calls on the commission for more efficient conflict management , in cooperation with local actors , insists on the need for humanitarian corridors to the nearest safe destination , in the case of armed conflicts and natural disasters , and calls for addressing the humanitarian needs at local level and for providing assistance for people voluntarily returning to their place of origin;


### 5. notes with concern the absence of operational , reporting , monitoring and accountability mechanisms at the level of individual cases to track and respond to potential violations , as well as the lack of effective judicial remedies for persons whose rights are allegedly violated as a consequence of eu cooperation with third countries , especially in the case of informal agreements and financial cooperation; ### 5. notes with concern the absence of operational , reporting , monitoring and accountability mechanisms at the level of individual cases to track and respond to potential violations , as well as the lack of effective judicial remedies for persons whose rights are allegedly violated;


### 5. reiterates that neither development assistance nor bilateral or multilateral partnerships with developing countries must be conditional on cooperation on migration policies; ### 5. notes that without strong cooperation on return and readmission policies there is no possibility to establish a sustainably asylum system in europe , and notes that young people are the most valuable resource of developing countries in africa , therefore it is the interest of partner countries to ensure that these people can return to their country of origin;


### 6. calls for the eu to ensure that readmission agreements and agreements for cooperation on border management are only concluded with third countries that explicitly commit to respecting human rights and the rights enshrined in the un refugee convention , and to ensure that such cooperation does not lead to violations of those rights and offers operational means to nullify these agreements , seek remedy and ensure accountability should such violations occur; ### 6. calls for the eu to ensure that readmission agreements and agreements for cooperation on border management are only concluded with third countries that explicitly commit to respecting human rights and the rights enshrined in the un refugee convention , and to ensure that such cooperation does not lead to violations of those rights and offers operational means to nullify these agreements , seek remedy and ensure accountability should such violations occur; calls on the european commission to formulate a plan and take all necessary measures to initiate or finalise negotiations and accordingly sign readmission agreements as soon as possible with migrants' countries of origin and transit , so as to ensure that they comply with international standards regarding the rights of migrants; calls on the council to mandate the commission to commence negotiations for the signing of readmission agreements with syria , afghanistan and iraq; calls on the council to mandate the commission to negotiate european union cooperation agreements with transit countries , with a view to combating organised crime networks engaged in the trafficking of illegal migrants;


### 6. calls for the eu to ensure that readmission agreements and agreements for cooperation on border management are only concluded with third countries that explicitly commit to respecting human rights and the rights enshrined in the un refugee convention , and to ensure that such cooperation does not lead to violations of those rights and offers operational means to nullify these agreements , seek remedy and ensure accountability should such violations occur; ### 6. calls for the eu to ensure that readmission agreements and agreements for cooperation on border management are applied in a way that respects human rights , including the principle of non-refoulement , and the rights enshrined in the un refugee convention;


### 6. calls for the eu to ensure that readmission agreements and agreements for cooperation on border management are only concluded with third countries that explicitly commit to respecting human rights and the rights enshrined in the un refugee convention , and to ensure that such cooperation does not lead to violations of those rights and offers operational means to nullify these agreements , seek remedy and ensure accountability should such violations occur; ### 6. calls for the eu to strive that readmission agreements and agreements for cooperation on border management are only concluded with third countries that commit to respecting human rights and the rights enshrined in the un refugee convention , and to ensure that such cooperation does not lead to violations of those rights and to ensure accountability should such violations occur;


### 6. expresses its deep concern about the possible misuse of development funds for border control purposes , including those of the eu emergency trust fund for africa (eutf) , and the suspected human rights violations linked to the eutf in libya , ethiopia and niger; ### 6. acknowledges that eu emergency trust fund for africa (eutf) is a flexible and effective tool of addressing root causes of migration as lack of security , unemployment , lack of education and poverty , expresses its concern about the possible misuse of development funds and calls for investigations any cases where the possibility of misuse of eu funds occurs , including validly proofed human rights violations;


### 7. calls on the commission to ensure ex ante risk assessments , performed by independent agencies , on the impact of any formal , informal or financial eu cooperation with third countries on the rights of migrants and refugees; calls on the commission to set implementation guidelines for eu agencies and member states before entering into cooperation with third countries; calls in this respect for particular vigilance in relation to countries which are experiencing ongoing or frozen conflicts and face increased risks of human rights violations; ### 7. calls on the commission to ensure ex ante risk assessments , performed by independent agencies , on the impact of any formal , informal or financial eu cooperation with third countries on the rights of migrants and refugees; calls on the commission to set implementation guidelines for eu agencies and member states before entering into cooperation with third countries; calls in this respect for particular vigilance in relation to countries which are experiencing ongoing or frozen conflicts and face increased risks of human rights violations; calls on the commission to formulate an action plan to bring illegal migration under control and streamline readmission procedures by tightening application deadlines and clarifying the circumstances requiring the accelerated readmission procedure;


### 7. calls on the commission to ensure ex ante risk assessments , performed by independent agencies , on the impact of any formal , informal or financial eu cooperation with third countries on the rights of migrants and refugees; calls on the commission to set implementation guidelines for eu agencies and member states before entering into cooperation with third countries; calls in this respect for particular vigilance in relation to countries which are experiencing ongoing or frozen conflicts and face increased risks of human rights violations; ### 7. calls on the commission to ensure risk assessments , performed by the eu agency for fundamental rights on the impact of any formal , informal or financial eu cooperation with third countries on the rights of migrants and refugees; calls on the commission to set implementation guidelines for eu agencies and member states before entering into cooperation with third countries; calls in this respect for particular vigilance in relation to countries which are experiencing ongoing or frozen conflicts and face increased risks of human rights violations;


### 7. calls on the commission to ensure ex ante risk assessments , performed by independent agencies , on the impact of any formal , informal or financial eu cooperation with third countries on the rights of migrants and refugees; calls on the commission to set implementation guidelines for eu agencies and member states before entering into cooperation with third countries; calls in this respect for particular vigilance in relation to countries which are experiencing ongoing or frozen conflicts and face increased risks of human rights violations; ### 7. calls on the commission to ensure transparent ex ante risk assessments , performed by independent agencies , on the impact of any formal , informal or financial eu cooperation with third countries on the rights of migrants and refugees; calls on the commission to set implementation guidelines for eu agencies and member states before entering into cooperation with third countries; calls in this respect for particular vigilance in relation to countries which are experiencing ongoing or frozen conflicts and face increased risks of human rights violations;


### 7. deplores the lack of transparency of the eutf and the fact that parliament is not involved in its scrutiny; calls on the commission to comprehensively review the implementation of the eutf to ensure that it falls in line with development and humanitarian objectives; ### 7. deplores the lack of transparency of the eutf and the fact that parliament's role is limited in its scrutiny; calls on the commission to comprehensively review the implementation of the eutf to ensure that it falls in line with development and humanitarian objectives , by acknowledging that the financial architecture and coordination of the trust funds highly contributed to the application of nexus-approach in fragile settings;


### 8. calls on the commission to establish an independent , transparent and effective monitoring mechanism , which entails periodic reports on the implementation of formal , informal and financial agreements that can potentially impact the rights of migrants and refugees in third countries , such as migration partnerships , readmission agreements , and international cooperation on migration management and governance , including direct targeting of challenges connected to migration and forced displacement; stresses that such a monitoring mechanism has to be transparent , participatory for civil society and field workers , and publicly available; insists on the need to ensure means for civil society and other interested stakeholders to be able to contribute to the work of the mechanism; ### 8. calls on the commission to establish an independent , transparent and effective monitoring mechanism , which entails periodic reports on the implementation of formal , informal and financial agreements that can potentially impact the rights of migrants and refugees in third countries , such as migration partnerships , readmission agreements , and international cooperation on migration management and governance;


### 8. calls on the commission to establish an independent , transparent and effective monitoring mechanism , which entails periodic reports on the implementation of formal , informal and financial agreements that can potentially impact the rights of migrants and refugees in third countries , such as migration partnerships , readmission agreements , and international cooperation on migration management and governance , including direct targeting of challenges connected to migration and forced displacement; stresses that such a monitoring mechanism has to be transparent , participatory for civil society and field workers , and publicly available; insists on the need to ensure means for civil society and other interested stakeholders to be able to contribute to the work of the mechanism; ### 8. calls on the commission to establish an independent , transparent and effective monitoring mechanism , which entails periodic reports on the implementation of formal , informal and financial agreements that can potentially impact the rights of migrants and refugees in third countries , such as migration partnerships , readmission agreements , and international cooperation on migration management and governance , including direct targeting of challenges connected to migration and forced displacement; stresses that such a monitoring mechanism has to be transparent , participatory for civil society and field workers , and publicly available; insists on the need to ensure means for civil society and other interested stakeholders to be able to contribute to the work of the mechanism; calls on the commission to establish a general framework for the effective monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of all present and future eu readmission agreements and the inclusion therein of special monitoring provisions and penalty clauses for non-compliance , including financial penalties regarding eu funding; points out that eu funding should also be reduced for third countries of origin and transit that refuse or unduly postpone the conclusion of readmission agreements with the eu;


### 8. reiterates that the ndici budget dedicated to migration should be used to address the root causes of migration and not to control migratory flows or fund external border management. ### 8. reiterates that the ndici budget dedicated to migration should be used to address the root causes of migration and to improve human security also with facilitating peacekeeping and conflict management , better border control at the external border management.


### 10. notes that the implementation and funding of the eu’s external migration policy is assigned to different commission directorates-general and mainstreamed across the eu’s migration , asylum , development and foreign policies without a designated lead institutional actor; notes with concern that this blending of executive responsibilities has created a lack of sufficient and coherent oversight of the commission’s activities that would enable parliament to exert democratic control over the eu’s external migration policy and exercise budgetary authority over development funds; urges the commission to designate a single lead institutional interlocutor at commissioner level on the external dimension of migration; ### 10. notes that the implementation and funding of the eu’s external migration policy is assigned to different commission directorates-general and mainstreamed across the eu’s migration , asylum , development and foreign policies without a designated lead institutional actor; notes with concern that this blending of executive responsibilities has created a lack of sufficient and coherent oversight of the commission’s activities that would enable parliament to exert democratic control over the eu’s external migration policy and exercise budgetary authority over development funds; urges the commission to designate a single existing lead institutional interlocutor at commissioner level on the external dimension of migration;


### 11. highlights the practical human rights implications stemming from the increasing number , and hence the extrajudicial nature , of informal arrangements on return and readmission , which are concluded in the absence of due democratic scrutiny and parliamentary oversight and are not subject to judicial scrutiny; calls on the commission to prioritise the conclusion of formal readmission agreements , thus ensuring full respect for article 218(6) teu , and to ensure that formal eu readmission agreements (euras) exclude the application of informal agreements; believes that parliament must assess the legality of informal agreements which include commitments on issues that fall within its competencies , such as readmission , and must be ready to undertake further action if these informal agreements appear to be incompatible with the treaties; ### deleted


### 12. highlights the increased role of the european border and coast guard agency in practical and operational cooperation with third countries , including on return and readmission , provision of training , operational and technical assistance to authorities of third countries for the purpose of border management and border control , carrying out operations or joint operations at the eu’s external borders or in the territories of third countries , and deploying liaison officers and operational staff in third countries; ### 12. highlights the increased role of the european border and coast guard agency in practical and operational cooperation with third countries , including on return and readmission , provision of training , operational and technical assistance to authorities of third countries for the purpose of border management and border control , carrying out operations or joint operations at the eu’s external borders or in the territories of third countries , and deploying liaison officers and operational staff in third countries; notes the continued efforts of the european border and coast guard agency to protect human rights , including by its actions and achievements in the fight against human trafficking;


### 12. highlights the increased role of the european border and coast guard agency in practical and operational cooperation with third countries , including on return and readmission , provision of training , operational and technical assistance to authorities of third countries for the purpose of border management and border control , carrying out operations or joint operations at the eu’s external borders or in the territories of third countries , and deploying liaison officers and operational staff in third countries; ### 12. highlights the increased role of the european border and coast guard agency in practical and operational cooperation with third countries , including on return and readmission , provision of training , operational and technical assistance to authorities of third countries for the purpose of border management and border control , carrying out operations or joint operations at the eu’s external borders or in the territories of third countries , and deploying liaison officers and operational staff in third countries; financial and technical help for border protection for all sou- th-eastern eu member states , eu candidate countries and other partner countries in the region;


### 12. highlights the increased role of the european border and coast guard agency in practical and operational cooperation with third countries , including on return and readmission , provision of training , operational and technical assistance to authorities of third countries for the purpose of border management and border control , carrying out operations or joint operations at the eu’s external borders or in the territories of third countries , and deploying liaison officers and operational staff in third countries; ### 12. highlights the increased role of the european border and coast guard agency in practical and operational cooperation with third countries , including on return and readmission , provision of training , operational and technical assistance to authorities of third countries for the purpose of border management and border control , carrying out operations or joint operations at the eu’s external borders or in the territories of third countries , and deploying liaison officers and operational staff in third countries; calls for an assessment of the needs of the agency on a regular basis to ensure its optimal functioning and to strengthen its capacities where necessary;


### 13. recalls that ad hoc status agreements , to be approved by the european parliament , are required for the deployment of the european border and coast guard agency’s border management teams to a third country where the members of the teams will exercise executive powers; regrets that the two status agreements concluded to date do not include specific measures for the operationalisation of human rights as part of border management , and also fail to clearly regulate accountability for potential human rights violations , and calls for any future status agreements to include such measures; ### 13. recalls that ad hoc status agreements are required for the deployment of the european border and coast guard agency’s border management teams to a third country where the members of the teams will exercise executive powers; regrets that the two status agreements concluded to date do not include specific measures for the operationalisation of human rights as part of border management;


### 15. calls for the extension of the mandate of the fundamental rights agency to allow it to exercise an advisory role in the external dimension of eu asylum and migration policies and its involvement in monitoring exercises; ### deleted


### 15. calls for the extension of the mandate of the fundamental rights agency to allow it to exercise an advisory role in the external dimension of eu asylum and migration policies and its involvement in monitoring exercises; ### 15. calls for the mandate of the fundamental rights agency to be extended temporarily (for a maximum of three years) to allow it to exercise an advisory role in the external dimension of eu asylum and migration policies and its involvement in monitoring exercises;


### 15. calls for the extension of the mandate of the fundamental rights agency to allow it to exercise an advisory role in the external dimension of eu asylum and migration policies and its involvement in monitoring exercises; ### 15. calls on the fundamental rights agency to exercise an advisory role in the external dimension of eu asylum and migration policies , within the framework of its mandate;


### 16. notes with concern the increasing recourse since 2016 to enhanced conditionality between development cooperation and migration management , including return and readmission; stresses , however , that according to article 208 tfeu the primary objective of union development cooperation policy shall be the reduction and , in the long term , the eradication of poverty; calls , therefore , on the commission to ensure that policies on development cooperation do not contravene the principles enshrined in article 208 tfeu; stresses that the use of development cooperation as an incentive for migration management undermines meaningful action on the needs of people in developing countries , the rights of refugees and migrants , and their potential impact on regional migration patterns and contribution to local economies , and thus also undermines a wide range of rights stemming from the sustainable development goals; ### 16. notes the need to ensure that development assistance helps partner countries manage migration more effectively; calls for an enhanced conditionality between development cooperation and migration management whereby additional efforts by countries of origin and transit are to be incentivised with increased cooperation and additional support; however , stresses that making humanitarian aid and emergency aid conditional on cooperation with the eu on migration is not compatible with humanitarian aid principles;


### 16. notes with concern the increasing recourse since 2016 to enhanced conditionality between development cooperation and migration management , including return and readmission; stresses , however , that according to article 208 tfeu the primary objective of union development cooperation policy shall be the reduction and , in the long term , the eradication of poverty; calls , therefore , on the commission to ensure that policies on development cooperation do not contravene the principles enshrined in article 208 tfeu; stresses that the use of development cooperation as an incentive for migration management undermines meaningful action on the needs of people in developing countries , the rights of refugees and migrants , and their potential impact on regional migration patterns and contribution to local economies , and thus also undermines a wide range of rights stemming from the sustainable development goals; ### 16. stresses that according to article 208 tfeu the primary objective of union development cooperation policy shall be the reduction and , in the long term , the eradication of poverty; calls , therefore , on the commission to ensure that policies on development cooperation do not contravene the principles enshrined in article 208 tfeu;


### 16. notes with concern the increasing recourse since 2016 to enhanced conditionality between development cooperation and migration management , including return and readmission; stresses , however , that according to article 208 tfeu the primary objective of union development cooperation policy shall be the reduction and , in the long term , the eradication of poverty; calls , therefore , on the commission to ensure that policies on development cooperation do not contravene the principles enshrined in article 208 tfeu; stresses that the use of development cooperation as an incentive for migration management undermines meaningful action on the needs of people in developing countries , the rights of refugees and migrants , and their potential impact on regional migration patterns and contribution to local economies , and thus also undermines a wide range of rights stemming from the sustainable development goals; ### 16. notes that european development cooperation and public investments should promote eradicating poverty , climate and environmental action , economic and trade policies and addressing illegal migration , and should also be fully aligned with the principles of universal human rights , democracy and good governance;


### 16. notes with concern the increasing recourse since 2016 to enhanced conditionality between development cooperation and migration management , including return and readmission; stresses , however , that according to article 208 tfeu the primary objective of union development cooperation policy shall be the reduction and , in the long term , the eradication of poverty; calls , therefore , on the commission to ensure that policies on development cooperation do not contravene the principles enshrined in article 208 tfeu; stresses that the use of development cooperation as an incentive for migration management undermines meaningful action on the needs of people in developing countries , the rights of refugees and migrants , and their potential impact on regional migration patterns and contribution to local economies , and thus also undermines a wide range of rights stemming from the sustainable development goals; ### 16. expresses its grave concern that economic and security problems in africa , exacerbated by the crisis resulting from the covid-19 pandemic , are encouraging migration; calls on the union to draw up a joint cooperation agenda with our african partners at the european union-african union summit to be held in 2021; urges the union to make use of the neighbourhood , development and international cooperation instrument (ndici) to address the root causes of migration , such as conflicts , climate and environmental causes , extreme poverty and social exclusion;


### 16. notes with concern the increasing recourse since 2016 to enhanced conditionality between development cooperation and migration management , including return and readmission; stresses , however , that according to article 208 tfeu the primary objective of union development cooperation policy shall be the reduction and , in the long term , the eradication of poverty; calls , therefore , on the commission to ensure that policies on development cooperation do not contravene the principles enshrined in article 208 tfeu; stresses that the use of development cooperation as an incentive for migration management undermines meaningful action on the needs of people in developing countries , the rights of refugees and migrants , and their potential impact on regional migration patterns and contribution to local economies , and thus also undermines a wide range of rights stemming from the sustainable development goals; ### 16. notes the increasing recourse since 2016 to enhanced conditionality between development cooperation and migration management , including return and readmission; stresses that according to article 208 tfeu the primary objective of union development cooperation policy shall be the reduction and , in the long term , the eradication of poverty; believes that european development aid and public investments should promote joint priorities and policy objectives including eradicating poverty , climate and environmental action , economic and trade policies and migration management; stresses that the use of humanitarian aid and emergency aid as an incentive for migration management undermines meaningful action on the needs of people in developing countries , the rights of refugees and migrants , and their potential impact on regional migration patterns and contribution to local economies; calls , therefore , on the commission to ensure that policies on development cooperation do not contravene the principles enshrined in article 208 tfeu and that they are fully align with the principles of fundamental human rights , democracy and good governance;


### 16. notes with concern the increasing recourse since 2016 to enhanced conditionality between development cooperation and migration management , including return and readmission; stresses , however , that according to article 208 tfeu the primary objective of union development cooperation policy shall be the reduction and , in the long term , the eradication of poverty; calls , therefore , on the commission to ensure that policies on development cooperation do not contravene the principles enshrined in article 208 tfeu; stresses that the use of development cooperation as an incentive for migration management undermines meaningful action on the needs of people in developing countries , the rights of refugees and migrants , and their potential impact on regional migration patterns and contribution to local economies , and thus also undermines a wide range of rights stemming from the sustainable development goals; ### 16. reiterates that according to article 208 tfeu the primary objective of union development cooperation policy must be the reduction and , in the long term , the eradication of poverty , without excluding other joint objectives such as climate and environmental action , economic and trade policies and migration management , and full and unconditional respect for the principles of fundamental human rights , democracy and good governance; calls , therefore , on the commission to ensure that policies on development cooperation do not contravene the principles enshrined in article 208 tfeu; calls on it also to ensure that cooperation under these policies should be based on the 'more for more' principle , concluding that any unwillingness to achieve comparable standards of human rights protection should lead to a reduction in eu support , without affecting humanitarian aid;


### 17. notes that a complete , public overview of eu funding to third countries to facilitate cooperation on migration issues remains unavailable; calls on the commission to provide improved transparency , including by establishing a clear overview of the funds used to finance cooperation with third countries in the field of migration management across all its financial instruments and their implementation , including information on the amount , purpose and source of funding as well as detailed information on any other potential support measures provided by eu agencies such as the european border and coast guard agency , in order to ensure that parliament can efficiently perform its institutional role of scrutiny of the implementation of the eu budget; ### 17. is deeply concerned that a complete , public overview of eu funding to third countries to facilitate cooperation on migration issues remains unavailable; urges the commission to provide improved transparency , including by establishing a clear overview of the funds used to finance cooperation with third countries in the field of migration management across all its financial instruments and their implementation , including information on the amount , purpose and source of funding as well as detailed information on any other potential support measures provided by eu agencies such as the european border and coast guard agency , in order to ensure that parliament can efficiently perform its institutional role of scrutiny of the implementation of the eu budget;


### 17. notes that a complete , public overview of eu funding to third countries to facilitate cooperation on migration issues remains unavailable; calls on the commission to provide improved transparency , including by establishing a clear overview of the funds used to finance cooperation with third countries in the field of migration management across all its financial instruments and their implementation , including information on the amount , purpose and source of funding as well as detailed information on any other potential support measures provided by eu agencies such as the european border and coast guard agency , in order to ensure that parliament can efficiently perform its institutional role of scrutiny of the implementation of the eu budget; ### 17. notes that a complete , public overview of eu funding to third countries to facilitate cooperation on migration issues remains unavailable; calls on the commission to provide improved transparency , including by establishing a clear overview of all instruments within the eu budget used to finance cooperation with third countries in the field of migration management , including information on the amount , purpose and source of funding as well as detailed information on any other potential support measures provided by eu agencies such as the european border and coast guard agency , in order to ensure that parliament can efficiently perform its institutional role of scrutiny of the implementation of the eu budget;


### 18. stresses the importance of allocating a substantial share of future eu funding in the field of migration to civil society groups in third countries for providing assistance and for the protection and monitoring of the rights of migrants , and of ensuring that a significant part of eu funding is earmarked for the improvement of human rights , international protection , and the future perspective of refugees; ### 18. highlights the objective of european financial instruments to support third countries in the development of the necessary institutional framework and capacities to manage migration in all its aspects , while aligning with european and international standards; stresses the important contribution of civil society groups in the field of migration for providing assistance and for the protection and monitoring of the rights of migrants; stresses the need that a part of eu funding is allocated for the improvement of human rights , international protection , and the future perspective of refugees;


### 18. stresses the importance of allocating a substantial share of future eu funding in the field of migration to civil society groups in third countries for providing assistance and for the protection and monitoring of the rights of migrants , and of ensuring that a significant part of eu funding is earmarked for the improvement of human rights , international protection , and the future perspective of refugees; ### 18. stresses the importance of allocating a substantial share of future eu funding in the field of migration to civil society groups , assist the creation of decent life for people in their home countries for providing health care , education and supporting job creation;


### 18. stresses the importance of allocating a substantial share of future eu funding in the field of migration to civil society groups in third countries for providing assistance and for the protection and monitoring of the rights of migrants , and of ensuring that a significant part of eu funding is earmarked for the improvement of human rights , international protection , and the future perspective of refugees; ### 18. stresses the importance of allocating a substantial share of future eu funding in the field of migration to civil society groups in third countries for providing assistance and for the protection and monitoring of the rights of migrants , and of ensuring that a significant part of eu funding is earmarked for the improvement of human rights , international protection , the prevention of and appropriate intervention in the case of human trafficking , and the future perspective of refugees;


### 18. stresses the importance of allocating a substantial share of future eu funding in the field of migration to civil society groups in third countries for providing assistance and for the protection and monitoring of the rights of migrants , and of ensuring that a significant part of eu funding is earmarked for the improvement of human rights , international protection , and the future perspective of refugees; ### 18. stresses the importance of allocating a substantial share of future eu funding in the field of migration to civil society groups in third countries for providing assistance and for the protection and monitoring of the rights of migrants , and of ensuring that a significant part of eu funding is earmarked for the improvement of human rights , international protection , and the future perspective of refugees , and for measures to protect freedom of religion and belief;


### 18. stresses the importance of allocating a substantial share of future eu funding in the field of migration to civil society groups in third countries for providing assistance and for the protection and monitoring of the rights of migrants , and of ensuring that a significant part of eu funding is earmarked for the improvement of human rights , international protection , and the future perspective of refugees; ### 18. stresses the importance of allocating a substantial share of future eu funding in the field of migration to governmental , regional , local authorities and certified ngos by un in third countries for providing assistance and for the protection and monitoring of the rights of migrants , and of ensuring that a significant part of eu funding is earmarked for the improvement of human rights , international protection , and the future perspective of refugees;


### 18. stresses the importance of allocating a substantial share of future eu funding in the field of migration to civil society groups in third countries for providing assistance and for the protection and monitoring of the rights of migrants , and of ensuring that a significant part of eu funding is earmarked for the improvement of human rights , international protection , and the future perspective of refugees; ### 18. stresses the importance of allocating a substantial share of future eu funding in the field of migration to civil society groups in third countries for providing assistance and for the protection and monitoring of the rights of migrants , and of ensuring that a significant part of eu funding is earmarked for the improvement of human rights , international protection , and the future perspective of refugees in their country of origin;


### 19. notes that the possibilities of mainstreaming migration policy in eu external policy are significantly broadened by the inclusion of migration in the thematic , geographical and rapid response component of the proposed neighbourhood , development , international cooperation instrument (ndici); notes with concern , however , that through the ‘rapid response’ component , cooperation with third countries on migration management can be funded without the need for the commission to publish any programming documents or consult civil society actors , and without the involvement of parliament , including in the framework of the ‘migration preparedness and crisis blueprint’ , which lacks mechanisms to assess the possible adverse impact of such interventions; insists in this regard on the need to ensure that the 2021-2027 multiannual financial framework is accompanied by a robust human rights framework for the identification , implementation and monitoring of future migration cooperation programmes; ### 19. notes that the possibilities of mainstreaming migration policy in eu external policy are significantly broadened by the inclusion of migration in the thematic , geographical and rapid response component of the proposed neighbourhood , development , international cooperation instrument (ndici); notes that a non-programmed , flexible facility in the ndici will be necessary to provide swift , effective and targeted response to emerging challenges as natural disasters , armed conflicts and mass migration;


### 19. notes that the possibilities of mainstreaming migration policy in eu external policy are significantly broadened by the inclusion of migration in the thematic , geographical and rapid response component of the proposed neighbourhood , development , international cooperation instrument (ndici); notes with concern , however , that through the ‘rapid response’ component , cooperation with third countries on migration management can be funded without the need for the commission to publish any programming documents or consult civil society actors , and without the involvement of parliament , including in the framework of the ‘migration preparedness and crisis blueprint’ , which lacks mechanisms to assess the possible adverse impact of such interventions; insists in this regard on the need to ensure that the 2021-2027 multiannual financial framework is accompanied by a robust human rights framework for the identification , implementation and monitoring of future migration cooperation programmes; ### 19. welcomes that the possibilities of mainstreaming migration policy in eu external policy are significantly broadened by the inclusion of migration in the thematic , geographical and rapid response component of the proposed neighbourhood , development , international cooperation instrument (ndici); notes with concern , however , that through the ‘rapid response’ component , cooperation with third countries on migration management can be funded without the need for the commission to publish any programming documents or consult civil society actors , and without the involvement of parliament , including in the framework of the ‘migration preparedness and crisis blueprint’ , which lacks mechanisms to assess the possible adverse impact of such interventions; insists in this regard on the need to ensure that the 2021-2027 multiannual financial framework is accompanied by a robust human rights framework for the identification , implementation and monitoring of future migration cooperation programmes;


### 21. believes that parliament must make full use of its powers of implementation , scrutiny and budgetary control and ensure that eu funding decisions and related allocations comply with the union’s principles of legality and sound financial management; ### 21. believes that parliament must make full use of its powers of implementation , scrutiny and budgetary control and ensure that eu funding decisions and related allocations comply with the union’s principles of legality and sound financial management , in line with the eu’s financial regulation;


### 22. recalls the commitment of the eu and its member states under the global compact on refugees to share responsibility for the protection of refugees and ease the pressure on host countries; stresses in this regard that the eu and its member states should contribute to a more structural and substantial funding of the regions hosting most refugees , and should not use financial means to shift responsibility for the protection of refugees to third countries; reiterates the importance of fully implementing the 23 objectives of the global compact for safe , orderly and regular migration; believes that parliament must ensure the proper scrutiny of the implementation of both compacts by the eu; ### deleted


### 22. recalls the commitment of the eu and its member states under the global compact on refugees to share responsibility for the protection of refugees and ease the pressure on host countries; stresses in this regard that the eu and its member states should contribute to a more structural and substantial funding of the regions hosting most refugees , and should not use financial means to shift responsibility for the protection of refugees to third countries; reiterates the importance of fully implementing the 23 objectives of the global compact for safe , orderly and regular migration; believes that parliament must ensure the proper scrutiny of the implementation of both compacts by the eu; ### 22. recalls the commitment of the eu and its member states under the global compact on refugees to share responsibility for the protection of refugees and ease the pressure on host countries; stresses in this regard that the eu and its member states should contribute to a more structural and substantial funding of the regions hosting most refugees; recalls the 23 objectives of the global compact for safe , orderly and regular migration; believes that parliament must ensure the proper scrutiny of the implementation of both compacts by the eu;


### 22. recalls the commitment of the eu and its member states under the global compact on refugees to share responsibility for the protection of refugees and ease the pressure on host countries; stresses in this regard that the eu and its member states should contribute to a more structural and substantial funding of the regions hosting most refugees , and should not use financial means to shift responsibility for the protection of refugees to third countries; reiterates the importance of fully implementing the 23 objectives of the global compact for safe , orderly and regular migration; believes that parliament must ensure the proper scrutiny of the implementation of both compacts by the eu; ### 22. recalls the commitment of the eu and its member states under the global compact on refugees to share responsibility for the protection of refugees and ease the pressure on host countries; stresses in this regard that the eu and its member states should contribute to a more structural and substantial funding of the regions hosting most refugees; reiterates the importance of fully implementing the 23 objectives of the global compact for safe , orderly and regular migration; believes that parliament must ensure the proper scrutiny of the implementation of both compacts by the eu;


### 23. calls for the eu and its member states to pursue a migration policy that fully reflects the human rights of migrants as enshrined in both international and regional law; calls on the eeas , the commission and the member states to engage with third countries on the rights of migrants as an integral dimension of the eu’s human rights policy; insists that the human rights and migration nexus be adequately covered within the framework of bilateral eu human rights dialogues with the relevant countries; calls on the eu delegations in those countries to monitor closely the rights of migrants , particularly in countries of transit; insists on the proactive engagement of the eu in countries where human rights defenders and civil society organisations , including those who are protecting the lives of migrants and asylum seekers who are at risk , are under threat or are being criminalised for their legitimate work; ### 23. calls for the eu and its member states to pursue a migration policy that fully reflects the human rights of refugees as enshrined in both international and regional law; calls on the eeas , the commission and the member states to engage with third countries to address the root causes of migration as an integral dimension of the eu’s development policy; calls on the eu delegations in those countries to monitor closely the rights of refugees and internally displaced people , particularly in countries of transit; insists on the proactive engagement of the eu in developing partner countries with civil society organisations , as csos , churches , fbos and other organisations with humanitarian , education and human rights protection activities , including those who are protecting the lives of people in need , notably refugees , women and girls in armed conflicts , elderly and disabled people and other marginalised groups;


### 23. calls for the eu and its member states to pursue a migration policy that fully reflects the human rights of migrants as enshrined in both international and regional law; calls on the eeas , the commission and the member states to engage with third countries on the rights of migrants as an integral dimension of the eu’s human rights policy; insists that the human rights and migration nexus be adequately covered within the framework of bilateral eu human rights dialogues with the relevant countries; calls on the eu delegations in those countries to monitor closely the rights of migrants , particularly in countries of transit; insists on the proactive engagement of the eu in countries where human rights defenders and civil society organisations , including those who are protecting the lives of migrants and asylum seekers who are at risk , are under threat or are being criminalised for their legitimate work; ### 23. calls for the eu and its member states to pursue a migration policy that fully reflects the human rights of migrants as enshrined in both international and regional law; insists that the human rights and migration nexus be adequately covered within the framework of bilateral eu human rights dialogues with the relevant countries; calls on the eu delegations in those countries to monitor closely the rights of migrants , particularly in countries of transit; insists on the proactive engagement of the eu in countries where human rights defenders and civil society organisations , including those who are protecting the lives of migrants and asylum seekers who are at risk , are under threat or are being criminalised for their legitimate work;


### 23. calls for the eu and its member states to pursue a migration policy that fully reflects the human rights of migrants as enshrined in both international and regional law; calls on the eeas , the commission and the member states to engage with third countries on the rights of migrants as an integral dimension of the eu’s human rights policy; insists that the human rights and migration nexus be adequately covered within the framework of bilateral eu human rights dialogues with the relevant countries; calls on the eu delegations in those countries to monitor closely the rights of migrants , particularly in countries of transit; insists on the proactive engagement of the eu in countries where human rights defenders and civil society organisations , including those who are protecting the lives of migrants and asylum seekers who are at risk , are under threat or are being criminalised for their legitimate work; ### 23. calls for the eu and its member states to pursue a migration policy that fully reflects the human rights of migrants as enshrined in both international and regional law; calls on the eeas , the commission and the member states to engage with third countries on the rights of migrants as an integral dimension of the eu’s human rights policy; insists that the human rights and migration nexus be adequately covered within the framework of bilateral eu human rights dialogues with the relevant countries; calls on the eu delegations in those countries to monitor closely the rights of migrants , particularly in countries of transit , including freedom of religion and belief; insists on the proactive engagement of the eu in countries where human rights defenders and civil society organisations , including those who are protecting the lives of migrants and asylum seekers who are at risk , are under threat or are being criminalised for their legitimate work;


### 24. calls for the eu to carry out a global campaign to support universal ratification of the geneva convention relating to the status of refugees; urges member states to lead by example by adhering to the un convention on the rights of migrant workers , as one of the core un human rights conventions; ### deleted


### 25. believes that the eu must take a leading role in supporting policy and normative developments in relation to the rights of migrants in multilateral fora; calls on the commission and the member states to provide financial and political support for the relevant international and regional bodies , including ngos , the international committee of the red cross , the un high commissioner for refugees (unhcr) and unrwa , as well the ohchr and the un special rapporteur on the human rights of migrants; ### 25. believes that the eu must take a leading role in supporting policy and normative developments in relation to the rights of migrants in multilateral fora; calls on the commission and the member states to provide financial and political support for the relevant international and regional bodies.


### 25. believes that the eu must take a leading role in supporting policy and normative developments in relation to the rights of migrants in multilateral fora; calls on the commission and the member states to provide financial and political support for the relevant international and regional bodies , including ngos , the international committee of the red cross , the un high commissioner for refugees (unhcr) and unrwa , as well the ohchr and the un special rapporteur on the human rights of migrants; ### 25. believes that the eu must take a leading role in supporting sustainable development and policy dialogue on universal human rights in multilateral fora; calls on the commission and the member states to increase the efficiency of implementation of development funding , and urge to provide more visibility and accountability for eu funding for international and regional bodies , including ngos , the international committee of the red cross , the un high commissioner for refugees (unhcr) and unrwa , as well the ohchr and the un special rapporteur on the human rights of migrants;


### 25. believes that the eu must take a leading role in supporting policy and normative developments in relation to the rights of migrants in multilateral fora; calls on the commission and the member states to provide financial and political support for the relevant international and regional bodies , including ngos , the international committee of the red cross , the un high commissioner for refugees (unhcr) and unrwa , as well the ohchr and the un special rapporteur on the human rights of migrants; ### 25. believes that the eu must take a leading role in supporting policy and normative developments in relation to the rights of migrants in multilateral fora; calls on the commission and the member states to provide financial and political support for the relevant international and regional bodies , including ngos , the international committee of the red cross , the un high commissioner for refugees (unhcr) , as well the ohchr and the un special rapporteur on the human rights of migrants;


### a. whereas all persons , local communities or populations have the right to the full enjoyment of their human rights , as enshrined in the universal declaration of human rights; ### a. whereas all persons , local communities or populations have the right to the full enjoyment of their human rights , as enshrined in the international bill of human rights;


### b. whereas the causal link between climate change and violations of the human rights of any population must be scientifically verified; ### deleted


### b. whereas the un , along with other international organisations and experts , is calling for global recognition of the right to a healthy environment; ### b. whereas the un , along with other international organisations and experts , is calling for global recognition of the right to a healthy and safe environment;


### 1. acknowledges the role of human rights defenders and their legal representatives; deplores the fact that environmental defenders are facing threats of violence; ### 1. acknowledges the role of human rights defenders and their legal representatives; deplores the increasing rate of killings and violent acts that environmental defenders are facing , such as gender-based violence , threats , harassment , intimidation , smear campaigns , criminalization , judicial harassment , forced eviction and displacement;


### 1. stresses that human rights and a healthy planet are mutually dependent; calls for the eu and its member states to act as a credible and reliable partner on the global stage through the adoption , strengthening and implementation of legislation aligned with a comprehensive human rights-based approach to climate action (hrba) , to guide policies and measures of climate change mitigation and adaptation while protecting the rights of all; ### 1. stresses that the protection and promotion of human rights rooted in human dignity and a healthy planet are mutually dependent; calls for the eu and its member states to act as a credible and reliable partner on the global stage through the adoption , strengthening and implementation of legislation aligned with a comprehensive human rights-based approach to climate action (hrba) , to guide policies and measures of climate change mitigation and adaptation while protecting the fundamental rights of all;


### 1. stresses that human rights and a healthy planet are mutually dependent; calls for the eu and its member states to act as a credible and reliable partner on the global stage through the adoption , strengthening and implementation of legislation aligned with a comprehensive human rights-based approach to climate action (hrba) , to guide policies and measures of climate change mitigation and adaptation while protecting the rights of all; ### 1. stresses that human rights and a healthy planet are partially dependent; calls for the eu and its member states to act as a credible and reliable partner on the global stage through the adoption , strengthening and implementation of legislation aligned with a comprehensive human rights-based approach to climate action (hrba) , to guide policies and measures of climate change mitigation and adaptation while protecting the rights of all;


### 1. stresses that developing countries are the most exposed to climate change , and that their human rights activists and environmental defenders are particularly subjected to threats , repression and judicial persecution for defending their land , heritage and environment from the consequences of the exploitation of natural resources; ### 1. stresses that developing countries , including small island developing states (sids) , are the most exposed to climate change , and that their human rights activists and environmental defenders are particularly subjected to threats , repression and judicial persecution for defending their land , heritage and environment from climate change;


### 2. recalls the obligation to respect the legal recognition of the right to a safe , clean , healthy and sustainable environment; recalls that international human rights law provides legal remedies to redress the damage caused by climate change , implement measures to combat climate change and hold states and businesses accountable for their activities which impact climate change and human rights; in this respect , calls on the eu to make the fight against impunity one of its key priorities; ### 2. recalls the obligation to respect the legal recognition of the right to a safe , clean , healthy and sustainable environment that at the same time allows sustainable economic activities which are the source for the well-being and the livelihoods of individuals , families and communities; recalls that international human rights law provides legal remedies to redress the damage caused by climate change , implement measures to combat climate change and hold states and businesses accountable for their activities which impact climate change and human rights; in this respect , calls on the eu to make the fight against impunity one of its key priorities;


### 2. is deeply concerned about the increased criminalisation and persecution of environmental activists in developing countries by governments and multinational companies that are investing in the exploitation of natural , non-renewable resources , thus contributing to deforestation , loss of biodiversity and human rights violations , mostly affecting indigenous peoples; ### 2. is deeply concerned of increased actions against environmental activists in developing countries;


### 2. is deeply concerned about the increased criminalisation and persecution of environmental activists in developing countries by governments and multinational companies that are investing in the exploitation of natural , non-renewable resources , thus contributing to deforestation , loss of biodiversity and human rights violations , mostly affecting indigenous peoples; ### 2. is deeply concerned about the increased criminalisation and persecution of environmental activists in developing countries by governments , as well as their intimidation by some multinational companies , that are , in some places , investing in the exploitation of natural , non-renewable resources , thus contributing to deforestation , loss of biodiversity and human rights violations , mostly affecting indigenous peoples;


### 3. supports the commission in strengthening democracy , the rule of law and human rights in the eu’s external action and in developing initiatives to combat organised crime , illegal land grabs and deforestation; strongly supports the development of stable institutions and enforceable justice and the promotion of good governance in the countries concerned; ### 3. supports the commission in strengthening democracy , the rule of law and human rights in the eu’s external action and in developing initiatives to combat organised crime , illegal land grabs and deforestation as these are essential components to ensure the protection of environmental human rights defenders; strongly supports the development of stable institutions and enforceable justice and the promotion of good governance in the countries concerned;


### 3. calls on the commission to ensure that the concrete commitments on human rights , environment and climate change already established in the eu action plan on human rights and democracy 2020-2024 are effectively implemented and monitored , and that a gender perspective is included in its implementation; ### 3. calls on the commission to ensure that the concrete commitments on human rights , environment and climate change already established in the eu action plan on human rights and democracy 2020-2024 are effectively implemented and monitored , and that a gender and family perspective is included in its implementation;


### 3. believes that in the next few years climate change will create more environmental migrants from developing countries , and that in order to better protect their human rights , environmental refugee status needs international recognition; ### deleted


### 3. believes that in the next few years climate change will create more environmental migrants from developing countries , and that in order to better protect their human rights , environmental refugee status needs international recognition; ### 3. believes that in the next few years the impact of climate change will force many to move due to necessity as their land is no longer habitable , and as such , will create more environmental migrants from developing countries; to that end and to ensure that human rights and dignity are preserved , international recognition of environmental refugee status needs consideration;


### 3. believes that in the next few years climate change will create more environmental migrants from developing countries , and that in order to better protect their human rights , environmental refugee status needs international recognition; ### 3. believes that in the next few years climate change will aggravate existing vulnerabilities and will increase the displacement of people , and that in order to better protect their human rights , more targeted and more effective implementation of the relevant eu instruments is crucial; as well as the increase of the actions under the ndici which contribute to climate change and mitigation as stressed in the european parliament first reading position on the ndici , adopted in its legislative resolution of 27 march 2019 on the proposal for a regulation of the european parliament and the council establishing the ndici (p8_ta(2019)0298);


### 4. deems that the introduction of binding eu legislation on business due diligence can help improve the defence of human rights and compliance with environmental standards in the fight against climate change in developing countries; calls on the commission to continue working towards the approval of the un binding treaty for transnational corporations on human rights; ### 4. deems that the introduction of eu legislation on business due diligence can help improve the defence of human rights and compliance with environmental standards in the fight against climate change in developing countries; calls on the commission to continue working towards the approval of the un treaty for transnational corporations on human rights;


### 4. deems that the introduction of binding eu legislation on business due diligence can help improve the defence of human rights and compliance with environmental standards in the fight against climate change in developing countries; calls on the commission to continue working towards the approval of the un binding treaty for transnational corporations on human rights; ### 4. stresses the proven benefits for companies of having effective responsible business conduct practices in place , which include better risk-management; lower cost of capital; overall better financial performance; and enhanced competitiveness; emphasises that due diligence is primarily a preventative mechanism and companies should be first and foremost required to identify risks or adverse impacts and adopt policies and measures to address them; stresses that should an undertaking cause or contribute to an adverse impact it should provide for a remedy and should be subject to corporate accountability for such impacts; emphasises that corporate accountability , including for harms linked to an undertaking’s operations , is necessary to ensure undertakings are incentivised to undertake due diligence and for due diligence to be effective; deems that the introduction of binding eu legislation on business due diligence can help improve the defence of human rights and compliance with environmental standards in the fight against climate change in developing countries; calls on the commission to continue working towards the approval of the un binding treaty for transnational corporations on human rights; stresses however that this should apply to all undertakings operating in the eu single market;


### 4. deems that the introduction of binding eu legislation on business due diligence can help improve the defence of human rights and compliance with environmental standards in the fight against climate change in developing countries; calls on the commission to continue working towards the approval of the un binding treaty for transnational corporations on human rights; ### 4. deems that the introduction of binding eu legislation on business due diligence can help improve the defence of human rights and compliance with environmental standards in the fight against climate change in developing countries; calls on the commission to continue working towards the approval of the un treaty for transnational corporations on human rights;


### 5. urges the commission to establish a horizontal monitoring programme on human rights and climate change in order to assess the progress in integrating and mainstreaming human rights into all aspects of climate action at domestic and international level in close cooperation with the un human rights council / un high commissioner on human rights; calls for the union , in this regard , to introduce the right to a safe and healthy environment in the charter of fundamental rights of the eu; ### 5. urges the commission to establish a horizontal monitoring programme on human rights and climate change in order to assess the progress in integrating and mainstreaming human rights into all aspects of climate action at domestic and international level in close cooperation with the un human rights council / un high commissioner on human rights; calls for the union , in this regard , to take actions and fully integrate the article 37 of the charter of fundamental rights of the eu to its policies;


### 5. urges the commission to establish a horizontal monitoring programme on human rights and climate change in order to assess the progress in integrating and mainstreaming human rights into all aspects of climate action at domestic and international level in close cooperation with the un human rights council / un high commissioner on human rights; calls for the union , in this regard , to introduce the right to a safe and healthy environment in the charter of fundamental rights of the eu; ### 5. urges the commission to continue to monitor the situation for human rights and climate change in order to assess the progress in integrating and mainstreaming human rights into all aspects of climate action at domestic and international level in close cooperation with the un human rights council / un high commissioner on human rights; calls for the union , in this regard , to introduce the right to a safe and healthy environment in the charter of fundamental rights of the eu;


### 6. supports a human rights-based approach to migration governance in third countries and the strengthening of the capacity of states , civil society and un partners to implement this approach. ### 6. supports a human rights-based approach to migration governance in third countries which considers any human rights protection gaps in the context of migration and the displacement of persons due to the adverse effects of climate change and the strengthening of the capacity of states , civil society and un partners to implement this approach;


### 6. invites the commission to do more to protect human rights defenders , environmental activists and organisations engaged in the fight against climate change in developing countries. ### 6. invites the commission to do more to protect human rights defenders , environmental activists and notably local organisations engaged in addressing the vulnerabilities aggravated by the climate change in developing countries , if they face unfounded legal actions or discrimination due to their activities in the field of environment protection;


### c. whereas addressing climate change raises issues of justice and equity , both between and within nations and generations; whereas access to justice in environmental matters , access to information and public participation in decision-making are enshrined under implementing principle 10 of the rio declaration on environment and development , the aarhus convention of 25 june 1998 and the escazu convention of 4 march 2018; ### c. whereas addressing climate change in particular when provoked by human actions , raises issues of justice and equity , both between and within peoples and generations; whereas access to justice in environmental matters , access to information and public participation in decision-making are enshrined under implementing principle 10 of the rio declaration on environment and development , the aarhus convention of 25 june 1998 and the escazu convention of 4 march 2018;


### f. whereas approaching climate change from a human rights perspective highlights the principles of universality and non-discrimination , emphasising that rights are guaranteed for all persons in the world , including vulnerable groups; ### f. whereas approaching climate change from a human rights perspective highlights the principles of universality and non-discrimination , emphasising that rights are guaranteed for all persons in the world , without distinction of any kind , such as , race , colour , sex , language , religion , political or other opinion , national or social origin , property , birth or other status , including vulnerable groups;


### f. whereas approaching climate change from a human rights perspective highlights the principles of universality and non-discrimination , emphasising that rights are guaranteed for all persons in the world , including vulnerable groups; ### f. whereas approaching climate change from a human rights perspective highlights the principles of universality , independence and non-discrimination , emphasising that fundamental rights rooted in human dignity should be guaranteed for all persons in the world , including vulnerable individuals , families and groups;


### g. whereas states have an ethical and inter-generational responsibility to take action to protect present and future generations from negative human rights impacts of climate change; ### g. whereas societies and peoples have an ethical and inter-generational responsibility to take action to preserve the planet as our “common home” that will allow a sustainable and dignified life for present and future generations from negative impacts of climate change;


### h. whereas it is widely recognised that the human rights obligations of states and the human rights responsibilities of the private sector have specific implications in relation to climate change; whereas failure to protect the environment and those who defend it is contrary to the legally binding human rights obligations of states and could constitute a violation of the right to a healthy environment; ### h. whereas it is widely recognised that the human rights obligations of states and the human rights responsibilities of the private sector have specific implications in relation to climate change; whereas failure to protect the environment and those who peacefully defend it is contrary to the legally binding human rights obligations of states and could constitute a violation of the right to a healthy environment;


### i. whereas the paris agreement is the first international treaty to explicitly recognise the link between climate action and human rights , thus allowing the use of existing human rights-related legal instruments to urge states and private corporates to reduce emissions; whereas the are no concrete instruments within the paris agreement to hold state and corporate actors accountable; ### i. whereas the paris agreement is the first international treaty to explicitly recognise the link between climate action and human rights , thus allowing the use of existing human rights-related legal instruments to urge states and private corporates to reduce emissions; whereas there are no concrete instruments within the paris agreement to hold state and corporate actors accountable;


### j. whereas climate justice aims at addressing the climate crisis using human rights law to bridge the accountability gap in climate governance , by using climate change litigation against states and corporate actors; ### j. whereas climate justice aims at addressing the climate crisis using human rights law to bridge the accountability gap in climate governance , by using climate change litigation against states and corporate actors to be responsible for their actions in terms of the due preservation of nature that allows a dignified and healthy life for present and future generations;


### m. whereas climate change impacts are asymmetric and their adverse effects are destructive for present and future generations , especially in developing countries; whereas climate change intensely affects developing countries and exacerbates existing social and economic inequalities , causing vulnerable groups such as indigenous peoples , women , children , persons with disabilities , refugees and displaced people to suffer disproportionately from its adverse effects; ### m. whereas climate change impacts are asymmetric and their adverse effects are destructive for present and future generations , especially in developing countries; whereas climate change intensely affects developing countries and exacerbates existing social and economic inequalities , causing vulnerable groups such as indigenous peoples , women , children , persons with disabilities , religious minorities , refugees and displaced people to suffer disproportionately from its adverse effects;