### the further approximation of rules on the recognition and content of refugee and subsidiary protection status should moreover help to limit the secondary movement of applicants for international protection and beneficiaries of international protection between member states , where such movement may have been caused by any differences in the national legal measures taken to transpose the qualification directive replaced by this regulation . ### the further approximation of rules on the recognition and content of refugee and subsidiary protection status should moreover help to limit the secondary movement of applicants for international protection and beneficiaries of international protection between member states , where such movement may have been caused , for example , by any differences in the national legal measures taken to transpose the qualification directive replaced by this regulation .


### in addition , especially to avoid social hardship , it is appropriate to provide beneficiaries of international protection with social assistance without discrimination . however , as regards beneficiaries of subsidiary protection , member states should be given some flexibility , to limit such rights to core benefits , which is to be understood as covering at least minimum income support , assistance in the case of illness , or pregnancy , and parental assistance , in so far as those benefits are granted to nationals under national law . in order to facilitate their integration , member states should be given the possibility to make the access to certain type of social assistances specified in national law , for both refugees and beneficiaries of subsidiary protection , conditional on the effective participation of the beneficiary of international protection in integration measures . ### in addition , especially to avoid social hardship and to facilitate integration , it is appropriate to provide beneficiaries of international protection with social and legal assistance without discrimination . however , as regards beneficiaries of subsidiary protection , member states should be given some flexibility , to limit such rights to core benefits , which is to be understood as covering at least minimum income support , assistance in the case of illness , or pregnancy , and parental assistance , in so far as those benefits are granted to nationals under national law . in order to facilitate their integration , member states should be given the possibility to make the access to certain type of social assistances specified in national law , for both refugees and beneficiaries of subsidiary protection , conditional on the effective participation of the beneficiary of international protection in integration measures .


### for a well - functioning ceas , including of the dublin system , substantial progress should be made regarding the convergence of national asylum systems with special regard to differing recognition rates and type of protection status in the member states . in addition , rules on status review should be strengthened to ensure that protection is only granted to those who need it and for so long as it continues to be needed . moreover , divergent practices regarding the duration of the residence permits should be avoided , and the rights granted to beneficiaries of international protection should be further clarified and harmonised . ### for a well - functioning ceas , including of the dublin system , substantial progress should be made regarding the convergence of national asylum systems , particularly with regard to differing recognition rates and type of protection status in the member states . in addition , rules on status review should be strengthened to ensure that protection is only granted to those who need it and for so long as it continues to be needed . moreover , divergent practices regarding the duration of the residence permits should be avoided , and the rights granted to beneficiaries of international protection should be further clarified and harmonised .


### biomass fuels shall have to fulfil the sustainability and greenhouse gas emissions saving criteria set out in paragraphs 2 to 7 only if used in installations producing electricity , heating and cooling or fuels with a fuel capacity equal to or exceeding 20 mw in case of solid biomass fuels and with an electrical capacity equal to or exceeding 0 . 5 mw in case of gaseous biomass fuels . member states may apply the sustainability and greenhouse gas emission saving criteria to installations with lower fuel capacity . ### biomass fuels shall have to fulfil the sustainability and greenhouse gas emissions saving criteria set out in paragraphs 2 to 7 only if used in installations producing electricity , heating , cooling or fuels with a fuel capacity equal to or exceeding 50 mw in case of solid biomass fuels and with an electrical capacity equal to or exceeding 1 mw in case of gaseous biomass fuels .


### the power to adopt delegated acts referred to in articles 7 , 7 ; 19 , 19 , 25 and 28 shall be conferred on the commission for a period of five years from 1st january 2021 . ### the power to adopt delegated acts referred to in articles 19 , 19 , 25 and 28 shall be conferred on the commission for a period of five years from 1st january 2021 .


### the minimum share shall be at least equal to 1 . 5% in 2021 , increasing up to at least 6 . 8% in 2030 , following the trajectory set out in part b of annex x . within this total share , the contribution of advanced biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock listed in part a of annex ix shall be at least 0 . 5% of the transport fuels supplied for consumption or use on the market as of 1 january 2021 , increasing up to at least 3 . 6% by 2030 , following the trajectory set out in part c of annex x . ### the minimum share shall be at least equal to 12% in 2030 . within this total share , the contribution of advanced biofuels and biogas , defined as those obtained from biomass excluding food or feed crops , used cooking oil and animal fats classified as categories 1 and 2 in accordance with regulation nº 106972009 of the european parliament and the council , that comply with the sustainability criteria set out in articles 26 to 2 , shall have an indicative share of 0 . 5% of the transport fuels supplied for consumption or use on the market as of 1 january 2021 .


### the minimum share shall be at least equal to 1 . 5% in 2021 , increasing up to at least 6 . 8% in 2030 , following the trajectory set out in part b of annex x . within this total share , the contribution of advanced biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock listed in part a of annex ix shall be at least 0 . 5% of the transport fuels supplied for consumption or use on the market as of 1 january 2021 , increasing up to at least 3 . 6% by 2030 , following the trajectory set out in part c of annex x . ### the minimum share of advanced biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock listed in annex ix , from renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non - biological origin and from renewable electricity shall be at least equal to 3 % in 2021 , increasing up to at least 8 , 3 % in 2030 , following the trajectory set out in part b of annex x . within this total share , the contribution of advanced biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock listed in part a of annex ix shall be at least 0 . 5% of the transport fuels supplied for consumption or use on the market as of 1 january 2021 , increasing up to at least 4 , 6 % by 2030 , following the trajectory set out in part c of annex x .


### areas of high conservation value , including peatlands and wetlands , are identified and protected ; ### areas designated , by law or by the relevant competent authority , for nature conservation purposes , including wetlands and peatlands , are protected ;


### areas of high conservation value , including peatlands and wetlands , are identified and protected ; ### areas designated by law or by the relevant competent authority for nature conservation purposes , are identified and protected ;


### harvesting is carried out in accordance to the conditions of the harvesting permit within legally gazetted boundaries ; ### harvesting is carried out in accordance to the conditions of the harvesting permit or equivalent proof of the legal right to harvest within the legally gazetted boundaries .


### emission saving from carbon capture and replacement , eccr , shall be related directly to the production of biomass fuel they are attributed to , and shall be limited to emissions avoided through the capture of co2 of which the carbon originates from biomass and which is used to replace fossil - derived co2 used in the energy or transport sector . ### the saving of co2 emissions generated during the production of biofuel or bioliquid they are attributed to via carbon capture , replacement or use , eccr , shall be limited to emissions avoided through the capture of co2 of which the carbon originates from biomass and which is used for commercial purposes .


### impacts of forest harvesting on soil quality and biodiversity are minimised ; ### harvesting is carried out considering maintenance of soil quality and biodiversity ; and


### for the calculation of the numerator , the energy content of advanced biofuels and other biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock listed in annex ix , renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non - biological origin , waste based fossil fuels supplied to all transport sectors , and renewable electricity supplied to road vehicles , shall be taken into account . ### for the calculation of the numerator , the energy content of advanced biofuels and other biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock listed in annex ix , renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non - biological origin supplied to all transport sectors , and renewable electricity supplied to road vehicles , shall be taken into account .


### the forest biomass has been harvested according to a legal permit ; ### harvesting is carried out in accordance with the conditions of the harvesting permit procedure or equivalent proof of the legal right to harvest ;


### emission saving from carbon capture and replacement , eccr , shall be related directly to the production of biofuel or bioliquid they are attributed to , and shall be limited to emissions avoided through the capture of co2 of which the carbon originates from biomass and which is used in the energy or transport sector . ### emission saving from carbon capture and replacement , or use , eccru , of co2 generated by the production of biofuel or bioliquid shall be limited to emissions avoided through the capture of co2 which is used for commercial purposes .


### molasses that are produced as a by - product from of refining sugarcane or sugar beets provided that the best industry standards for the extraction of sugar has been respected . ### molasses that are produced as a co - product from of refining sugarcane or sugar beets provided that the best industry standards for the extraction of sugar has been respected .


### for the calculation of the numerator , the energy content of advanced biofuels and other biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock listed in annex ix , renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non - biological origin , waste based fossil fuels supplied to all transport sectors , and renewable electricity supplied to road vehicles , shall be taken into account . ### for the calculation of the numerator , the energy content of biomass fuels produced from food or feed crops , advanced biofuels and other biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock listed in annex ix , renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non - biological origin , waste based fossil fuels supplied to all transport sectors , and renewable electricity supplied to road vehicles , shall be taken into account .


### with effect from 1 january 2021 , member states shall require fuel suppliers to include a minimum share of energy from advanced biofuels and other biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock listed in annex ix , from renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non - biological origin , from waste - based fossil fuels and from renewable electricity in the total amount of transport fuels they supply for consumption or use on the market in the course of a calendar year . ### with effect from 1 january 2021 , member states shall set the fuel incorporation obligation and shall require fuel suppliers to increase gradually the share of renewable energy from biofuels , advanced biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock listed in annex ix , from renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non - biological origin , and from renewable electricity supplied for transport to at least 15 % in 2030 in the total amount of transport fuels they supply for consumption or use on the market in the course of a calendar year .


### when evidence referred to in the first subparagraph is not available , the biofuels , bioliquids and biomass fuels produced from forest biomass shall be taken into account for the purposes referred to in points , and of paragraph 1 if management systems are in place at forest holding level to ensure that carbon stocks and sinks levels in the forest are maintained . ### when evidence referred to in the first subparagraph is not available , the biofuels , bioliquids and biomass fuels produced from forest biomass shall be taken into account for the purposes referred to in points , and of paragraph 1 if additional information is provided based on adequate inventory data to demonstrate maintenance of long - term carbon stocks at the supply base ;


### the commission shall keep annex v and annex vi under review , with a view , where justified , to add ing or revising values for biofuel , bioliquid and biomass fuel production pathways . that review shall also consider the modification of the methodology laid down in part c of annex v and in part b of annex vi . ### the commission shall keep annex v and annex vi under review , with a view , where justified , to add , but not to revise , values for biofuel , bioliquid and biomass fuel production pathways . that review shall also consider the modification of the methodology laid down in part c of annex v and in part b of annex vi .


### in the event that the commission ' s review concludes that changes to annex v or annex vi should be made , the commission is empowered to adopt delegated acts pursuant to article 32 . ### in the event that the commission ' s review concludes that changes to annex v or annex vi should be made , the commission shall submit a report to the european parliament and to the council . the report shall be accompanied , where appropriate , by legislative proposals amending annex v or vi .


### for the calculation of the denominator , that is the energy content of road and rail transport fuels supplied for consumption or use on the market , petrol , diesel , natural gas , biofuels , biogas , renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non - biological origin , waste - based fossil fuels and electricity , shall be taken into account ; ### for the calculation of the denominator , that is the energy content of road and rail transport fuels supplied for consumption or use on the market , petrol , diesel , natural gas , biofuels , biogas , renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non - biological origin and electricity , shall be taken into account ;


### at least 70 % for biofuels and bioliquids produced in installations starting operation after 1 january 2021 ; ### at least 60 % for electricity , heating and cooling production from gaseous biomass fuels injected in the gas grid in installations starting operation after 1 january 2021 ;


### emission saving from carbon capture and replacement , eccr , shall be related directly to the production of biomass fuel they are attributed to , and shall be limited to emissions avoided through the capture of co2 of which the carbon originates from biomass and which is used to replace fossil - derived co2 used in the energy or transport sector . ### emission saving from carbon capture and replacement or use , ecru of co2 generated by the production of biomass fuel shall be limited to emissions avoided through the capture of co2 which is used for commercial purposes .


### for the calculation of the numerator , the energy content of advanced biofuels and other biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock listed in annex ix , renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non - biological origin , waste based fossil fuels supplied to all transport sectors , and renewable electricity supplied to road vehicles , shall be taken into account . ### for the calculation of the numerator , the energy content of biofuels and other biofuels and biogas , renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non - biological origin , waste based fossil fuels supplied to all transport sectors , and renewable electricity supplied to road vehicles and rail transport , shall be taken into account .


### by 31 december 2023 , the commission shall assess whether the criteria set out in paragraphs 5 and 6 effectively minimise the risk of using unsustainable forest biomass and address lulucf requirements , on the basis of available data . the commission shall , if appropriate , present a proposal to modify the requirements laid down in paragraphs 5 and 6 . ### by 31 december 2026 , the commission shall , in collaboration with the standing forestry committee , assess whether the criteria set out in paragraphs 5 and 6 effectively minimise the risk of using unsustainable forest biomass and address lulucf requirements , on the basis of available data . the commission shall , if appropriate , present a proposal for the period after 2030 to modify the requirements laid down in paragraphs 5 and 6 .


### harvesting does not exceed the long - term production capacity of the forest . ### harvesting maintains or improves long - term productivity capacity of forests at country or regional level .


### in order to exploit the full potential of biomass to contribute to the decarbonisation of the economy through its uses for materials and energy , the union and the member states should promote greater sustainable mobilisation of existing timber and agricultural resources and the development of new forestry and agriculture production systems . ### in order to exploit the full potential of biomass to contribute to the decarbonisation of the economy through its uses for materials and energy , the union and the member states should promote greater sustainable mobilisation of existing timber and agricultural resources and the development of new forestry and agriculture production systems , and explore the possibility of supporting sustainable forestry in connection with the production of local energy , such as peat , in order to maximize long term greenhouse gas savings .


### emission saving from carbon capture and replacement , eccr , shall be related directly to the production of biomass fuel they are attributed to , and shall be limited to emissions avoided through the capture of co2 of which the carbon originates from biomass and which is used to replace fossil - derived co2 used in the energy or transport sector . ### the saving of co2 emissions generated during the production of biofuel or bioliquid they are attributed to via carbon capture , replacement or use , eccr , shall be limited to emissions avoided through the capture of co2 of which the carbon originates from biomass and which is used for commercial purposes .


### from 1 january 2021 onwards , the share of energy from renewable sources in each member state ' s gross final consumption of energy shall not be lower than that shown in the third column of the table in part a of annex i . member states shall take the necessary measures to ensure compliance with this baseline . ### from 1 january 2021 onwards , the share of energy from renewable sources in each member state ' s gross final consumption of energy shall not be lower than that shown in the third column of the table in part a of annex i . member states shall take the necessary measures to ensure compliance with this baseline , which shall include : support for the use of biofuels that are generated in the course of the processing of high - value protein concentrate , other feed or cellulosic by - products which support food security goals and the transition towards a biobased and circular economy in the union ; and phasing out the use of vegetable oils in biofuels and bioliquids that drive direct and illegal land use changes , deforestation and greenhouse gas emissions from peatland .


### ' harvesting permit ' means an official document giving the right to harvest the forest biomass ; ### ' harvesting permit ' means an official right to harvest the forest biomass based on member states ' legislation ;


### the commission may decide that voluntary national or international schemes setting standards for the production of biomass products contain accurate data for the purposes of article 26 , and / or demonstrate that consignments of biofuels , bioliquids or biomass fuels comply with the sustainability criteria set out in article 26 , , , and , and / or that no materials have been intentionally modified or discarded so that the consignment or part thereof would fall under annex ix . when demonstrating that requirements set out in article 26 and for forest biomass are met , the operators may decide to directly provide the required evidence at the forest holding level . the commission may also recognise areas for the protection of rare , threatened or endangered ecosystems or species recognised by international agreements or included in lists drawn up by intergovernmental organisations or the international union for the conservation of nature for the purposes of article 26 . ### the commission may decide that voluntary national or international schemes setting standards for the production of biomass products contain accurate data for the purposes of article 26 , and / or demonstrate that consignments of biofuels , bioliquids or biomass fuels comply with the sustainability criteria set out in article 26 , , , and , and / or that no materials have been intentionally modified or discarded so that the consignment or part thereof would fall under annex ix . when demonstrating that requirements set out in article 26 and for forest biomass are met , the operators may decide to directly provide the required evidence at the supply base level . the commission may also recognise areas for the protection of rare , threatened or endangered ecosystems or species recognised by international agreements or included in lists drawn up by intergovernmental organisations or the international union for the conservation of nature for the purposes of article 26 .


### with effect from 1 january 2021 , member states shall require fuel suppliers to include a minimum share of energy from advanced biofuels and other biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock listed in annex ix , from renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non - biological origin , from waste - based fossil fuels and from renewable electricity in the total amount of transport fuels they supply for consumption or use on the market in the course of a calendar year . ### with effect from 1 january 2021 , member states shall require fuel suppliers to include a minimum share of energy from advanced biofuels and other biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock listed in annex ix , “highly sustainable crop based biofuels” , renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non - biological origin and from renewable electricity in the total amount of transport fuels they supply for consumption or use on the market in the course of a calendar year .


### at least 80 % for electricity , heating and cooling production from biomass fuels used in installations starting operation after 1 january 2021 and 85 % for installations starting operation after 1 january 2026 . ### at least 80 % for electricity , heating and cooling production from biomass fuels , other than biogas fed into the gas system , used in installations starting operation after 1 january 2021 . the commission shall assess , in view of the technology progress made , whether a minimum threshold of 85 % for installations starting operation after 1 january 2026 should be established . the commission shall propose , where appropriate , that this paragraph be revised by means of a delegated act .


### biomass fuels should be converted into electricity and heat in an efficient way in order to maximise energy security and greenhouse gas savings , as well as to limit emissions of air pollutants and minimise the pressure on limited biomass resources . for this reason , public support to installations with a fuel capacity equal to or exceeding 20 mw , if needed , should only be given to highly efficient combined power and heat installations as defined article 2 of directive 2012 / 27 / eu . existing support schemes for biomass - based electricity should however be allowed until their due end date for all biomass installations . in addition electricity produced from biomass in new installations with a fuel capacity equal to or exceeding 20 mw should only count towards renewable energy targets and obligations in the case of highly efficient combined power and heat installations . in accordance with state aid rules , member states should however be allowed to grant public support for the production of renewables to installations , and count the electricity they produce towards renewable energy targets and obligations , in order to avoid an increased reliance on fossil fuels with higher climate and environmental impacts where , after exhausting all technical and economic possibilities to install highly efficient combined heat and power biomass installations , member states would face a substantiated risk to security of supply of electricity . ### biomass fuels should be converted into electricity and heat in an efficient way in order to maximise energy security and greenhouse gas savings , as well as to limit emissions of air pollutants and minimise the pressure on limited biomass resources . for this reason , public support to installations with a fuel capacity equal to or exceeding 20 mw , if needed , should only be given to highly efficient combined power and heat installations as defined article 2 of directive 2012 / 27 / eu . existing support schemes for biomass - based electricity should however be allowed until their due end date for all biomass installations . in addition electricity produced from biomass in new installations with a fuel capacity equal to or exceeding 20 mw should only count towards renewable energy targets and obligations in the case of highly efficient combined power and heat installations . in accordance with state aid rules , member states should however be allowed to grant public support for the production of renewables to installations , and count the electricity they produce towards renewable energy targets and obligations , in order to avoid an increased reliance on fossil fuels with higher climate and environmental impacts where , after exhausting all technical and economic possibilities to install highly efficient combined heat and power biomass installations , member states would face a substantiated risk to security of supply of electricity . in particular , support for renewable energy production from biomass to be set up in outermost regions which are highly reliant on energy imports should be bolstered , provided that the strict sustainability criteria for the production of the renewable energy – adapted to the regions’ specific conditions – are met .


### to ensure that , despite the growing demand for forest biomass , harvesting is carried out in a sustainable manner in forests where regeneration is ensured , that special attention is given to areas explicitly designated for the protection of biodiversity , landscapes and specific natural elements , that biodiversity resources are preserved and that carbon stocks are tracked , woody raw material should come only from forests that are harvested in accordance with the principles of sustainable forest management developed under international forest processes such as forest europe and are implemented through national laws or the best management practices at the forest holding level . operators should take the apporpriate steps in order to minimise the risk of using unsustainable forest biomass for the production of bioenergy . to that end , operators should put in place a risk - based approach . in this context , it is appropriate for the commission to develop operational guidance on the verification of compliance with the risk based approach , following the consultation of the energy union governance committee , and the standing forestry committee established by council decision 89 / 367 / eec24 . _________________ 24 council decision 89 / 367 / eec of 29 may 1989 setting up a standing forestry committee . ### to ensure that , despite the growing demand for forest biomass , harvesting is carried out in a sustainable manner in forests where regeneration is ensured , that special attention is given to areas explicitly designated for the protection of biodiversity , landscapes and specific natural elements , that biodiversity resources are preserved and that carbon stocks are tracked , woody raw material should come only from forests that are harvested in accordance with the principles of sustainable forest management developed under international forest processes such as forest europe and are implemented through national laws or the best management practices at the supply base level . operators should take the appropriate steps in order to minimise the risk of using unsustainable forest biomass for the production of bioenergy . to that end , operators should put in place a risk - based approach . in this context , it is appropriate for the commission to develop operational guidance on the verification of compliance with the risk based approach , following the consultation of the energy union governance committee , and the standing forestry committee established by council decision 89 / 367 / eec24 . _________________ 24 council decision 89 / 367 / eec of 29 may 1989 setting up a standing forestry committee .


### when evidence referred to in the first subparagraph is not available , the biofuels , bioliquids and biomass fuels produced from forest biomass shall be taken into account for the purposes referred to in points , and of paragraph 1 if management systems are in place at forest holding level to ensure that carbon stocks and sinks levels in the forest are maintained . ### when evidence referred to in the first subparagraph is not available , the biofuels , bioliquids and biomass fuels produced from forest biomass shall be taken into account for the purposes referred to in points , and of paragraph 1 if additional information is provided based on adequate inventory data to demonstrate maintenance of long - term carbon stocks at the supply base ;


### areas of high conservation value , including wetlands and peatlands , are protected ; ### areas designated to promote the maintenance of biodiversity , including areas designated to promote the maintenance of biodiversity in wetlands and peatlands , are protected ;


### emission saving from carbon capture and replacement , eccr , shall be related directly to the production of biofuel or bioliquid they are attributed to , and shall be limited to emissions avoided through the capture of co2 of which the carbon originates from biomass and which is used in the energy or transport sector . ### emission saving from carbon capture and replacement or use , eccru , of co2 generated by the production of biofuel or bioliquid shall be limited to emissions avoided through the capture of co2 which is used for commercial purposes .


### at least 70 % for biofuels and bioliquids produced in installations starting operation after 1 january 2021 ; ### at least 60 % for electricity , heating and cooling production from gaseous biomass fuels injected in the gas grid in installations starting operation after 1 january 2021 ;


### agricultural feedstock for the production of biofuels , bioliquids and biomass fuels should not be produced on peatland as the cultivation of feedstock on peatland would result in significant carbon stock loss if the land was further drained for that purpose while the absence of such drainage cannot be easily verified . ### production of agricultural feedstock for biofuels , bioliquids and biomass fuels should not lead to drainage of undrained peatlands or wetlands as the cultivation of feedstock on peatland or wetland would then result in significant carbon stock loss if the land was further drained for that purpose .


### ‘ biofuels’ means liquid fuel for transport produced from biomass ; ### ‘ biofuels’ means liquid or gaseous fuel for transport produced from biomass ;


### for the calculation of the numerator , the contribution from biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock included in part b of annex ix shall be limited to 1 . 7% of the energy content of transport fuels supplied for consumption or use on the market and the contribution of fuels supplied in the aviation and maritime sector shall be considered to be 1 . 2 times their energy content . ### for the calculation of the numerator , the contribution from biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock included in part b of annex ix shall be limited to 4 % of the energy content of transport fuels supplied for consumption or use on the market and the contribution of fuels supplied in the aviation and maritime sector shall be considered to be 1 , 3 times their energy content .


### the minimum share shall be at least equal to 1 . 5% in 2021 , increasing up to at least 6 . 8% in 2030 , following the trajectory set out in part b of annex x . within this total share , the contribution of advanced biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock listed in part a of annex ix shall be at least 0 . 5% of the transport fuels supplied for consumption or use on the market as of 1 january 2021 , increasing up to at least 3 . 6% by 2030 , following the trajectory set out in part c of annex x . ### the minimum share of advanced biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock listed in annex ix , from renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non - biological origin and from renewable electricity shall be at least equal to 3 % in 2021 , increasing up to at least 8 , 3 % in 2030 , following the trajectory set out in part b of annex x . within this total share , the contribution of advanced biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock listed in part a of annex ix shall be at least 0 . 5% of the transport fuels supplied for consumption or use on the market as of 1 january 2021 , increasing up to at least 4 , 6 % by 2030 , following the trajectory set out in part c of annex x .


### by 31 december 2023 , the commission shall assess whether the criteria set out in paragraphs 5 and 6 effectively minimise the risk of using unsustainable forest biomass and address lulucf requirements , on the basis of available data . the commission shall , if appropriate , present a proposal to modify the requirements laid down in paragraphs 5 and 6 . ### by 31 december 2026 , the commission shall , in collaboration with the standing forestry committee , assess whether the criteria set out in paragraphs 5 and 6 effectively minimise the risk of using unsustainable forest biomass and address lulucf requirements , on the basis of available data . the commission shall , if appropriate , present a proposal for the period after 2030 to modify the requirements laid down in paragraphs 5 and 6 .


### with effect from 1 january 2021 , member states shall require fuel suppliers to include a minimum share of energy from advanced biofuels and other biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock listed in annex ix , from renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non - biological origin , from waste - based fossil fuels and from renewable electricity in the total amount of transport fuels they supply for consumption or use on the market in the course of a calendar year . ### with effect from 1 january 2021 , member states shall set the fuel incorporation obligation and shall require fuel suppliers to increase gradually the share of renewable energy from biofuels , advanced biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock listed in annex ix , from renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non - biological origin , and from renewable electricity supplied for transport to at least 15 % in 2030 in the total amount of transport fuels they supply for consumption or use on the market in the course of a calendar year .


### it is appropriate to introduce union - wide sustainability and greenhouse gas emission saving criteria for biomass fuels used in the electricity and heating and cooling generation , in order to continue to ensure high greenhouse gas savings compared to fossil fuel alternatives , to avoid unintended sustainability impacts , and to promote the internal market . ### it is appropriate to introduce union - wide sustainability and greenhouse gas emission saving criteria for biomass fuels used in the electricity and heating and cooling generation , in order to continue to ensure high greenhouse gas savings compared to fossil fuel alternatives , to avoid unintended sustainability impacts , and to promote the internal market . without causing any damage to primary resources of high environmental value , the outermost regions should be able to exploit their resources with a view to boosting how much renewable energy they generate and increasing their energy independence .


### with effect from 1 january 2021 , member states shall require fuel suppliers to include a minimum share of energy from advanced biofuels and other biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock listed in annex ix , from renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non - biological origin , from waste - based fossil fuels and from renewable electricity in the total amount of transport fuels they supply for consumption or use on the market in the course of a calendar year . ### with effect from 1 january 2021 , member states shall require fuel suppliers to gradually increase the share of renewable energy supplied to the transport sector to at least 15 % by 2030 .


### for the calculation of a member state ' s gross final consumption of energy from renewable energy sources , the contribution from biofuels and bioliquids , as well as from biomass fuels consumed in transport , if produced from food or feed crops , shall be no more than 7% of final consumption of energy in road and rail transport in that member state . this limit shall be reduced to 3 , 8% in 2030 following the trajectory set out in part a of annex x . member states may set a lower limit and may distinguish between different types of biofuels , bioliquids and biomass fuels produced from food and feed crops , for instance by setting a lower limit for the contribution from food or feed crop based biofuels produced from oil crops , taking into account indirect land use change . ### from 1 january 2021 , for the calculation of a member state ' s gross final consumption of energy from renewable energy sources , member states may set a limit for the contribution from biofuels and bioliquids produced from food or feed crops , as well as from biomass fuels consumed in transport in that member state , in accordance with article 3 . member states may set a lower limit and may distinguish between different types of biofuels , bioliquids and biomass fuels produced from food and feed crops , for instance by setting a lower limit for the contribution from food or feed crop based biofuels produced from oil crops , taking into account indirect land use change .


### the forest biomass has been harvested according to a legal permit ; ### harvesting is carried out in accordance with the conditions of the harvesting permit procedure or equivalent proof of the legal right to harvest ;


### a lively public debate is taking place on summer - time arrangements and some member states have already expressed their preference to discontinue the application of such arrangements . in the light of these developments , it is necessary to continue safeguarding the proper functioning of the internal market and to avoid any significant disruptions thereto caused by divergences between member states in this area . therefore , it is appropriate to put an end in a coordinated way to summer - time arrangements . ### a lively public debate , such as the 4 , 6 million replies from citizens in the public consultation held by the commission where a majority is against the current system with the seasonal time change , is taking place on summer - time arrangements . this has not yet been accompanied by a scientifically substantiated impact assessment that is not limited to the analysis of existing material on the matter . some member states have also already expressed their preference to discontinue the application of such arrangements . in the light of these developments , it is necessary to continue safeguarding the proper functioning of the internal market as well as cross - border activities of the citizens and to avoid any significant disruptions thereto caused by divergences between member states in this area . therefore , it is essential , in the context of the codecision procedure for this directive , that summer - time arrangements should only be brought to an end , if the member states have first reached agreement on a coordination mechanism . the relevant council presidency will have a leading role to play in establishing this coordination mechanism . this mechanism should take account of the three existing time zones in the eu when the standard time is set up by each member state . where a member state makes such a change , and without prejudice to its right to decide on its standard time , it will make best efforts to ensure that the time difference between it and neighbouring member states does not exceed one hour . an impact assessment may be carried out by the european commission on the impact of the planned change of standard time and its impact to neighbouring member states and the internal market .


### a lively public debate is taking place on summer - time arrangements and some member states have already expressed their preference to discontinue the application of such arrangements . in the light of these developments , it is necessary to continue safeguarding the proper functioning of the internal market and to avoid any significant disruptions thereto caused by divergences between member states in this area . therefore , it is appropriate to put an end in a coordinated way to summer - time arrangements . ### a lively public debate , with a certain number of citizens’ initiatives highlighting their concerns about biannual seasonal changes to time , is taking place and some member states have already expressed their preference to discontinue the application of such arrangements . the same willingness to end the bi - annual seasonal changes to time has been expressed by 4 . 6 million citizens , representing 84% of respondents , in a public consultation organised by the commission in summer 2018 . in the light of these developments , it is necessary to safeguard the proper functioning of the internal market and to avoid any significant disruptions thereto caused by divergences between member states in this area . therefore , it is appropriate to put an end in a coordinated and harmonised way to biannual seasonal time changes .


### without prejudice to article 1 , if a member state decides to change its standard time or times in any territory under its jurisdiction , it shall notify the commission at least 6 months before the change takes effect . where a member state has made such a notification and has not withdrawn it at least 6 months before the date of the envisaged change , the member state shall apply this change . ### without prejudice to article 1 , if a member state decides to change its standard time or times in any territory under its jurisdiction , it shall notify the commission at least 12 months before the change takes effect . where a member state has made such a notification and has not withdrawn it at least 12 months before the date of the envisaged change , the member state shall apply this change .


### notwithstanding paragraph 1 , member states may still apply a seasonal change of their standard time or times in 2019 , provided that they do so at 1 . 00 a . m . , coordinated universal time , on 27 october 2019 . the member states shall notify this decision in accordance with article 2 . ### notwithstanding paragraph 1 , member states may still apply a seasonal change of their standard time or times in 2020 , provided that they do so at 1 . 00 a . m . , coordinated universal time , on 25th of october 2020 . the member states shall notify this decision in accordance with article 2 .


### the commission shall report to the european parliament and to the council on the implementation of this directive by 31 december 2024 at the latest . ### the commission shall report to the european parliament and to the council on the implementation of this directive by 31 december 2025 at the latest . in this implementation report , a&#160 ; special emphasis shall be put on the effects on human health . &#160 ;


### this directive should apply from 1 april 2019 , so that the last summer - time period subject to the rules of directive 2000 / 84 / ec should start , in every member state , at 1 . 00 a . m . , coordinated universal time , on 31 march 2019 . member states that , after that summer - time period , intend to adopt a standard time corresponding to the time applied during the winter season in accordance with directive 2000 / 84 / ec should change their standard time at 1 . 00 a . m . , coordinated universal time , on 27 october 2019 , so that similar and lasting changes occurring in different member states take place simultaneously . it is desirable that member states take the decisions on the standard time that each of them will apply as from 2019 in a concerted manner . ### this directive shall apply from 1 april 2019 , so that the last summer - time period subject to the rules of directive 2000 / 84 / ec should start , in every member state , at 1 . 00 a . m . , coordinated universal time , on 31 march 2019 . member states that , after that summer - time period , intend to adopt a standard time corresponding to the time applied during the winter season in accordance with directive 2000 / 84 / ec should change their standard time at 1 . 00 a . m . , coordinated universal time , on 27 october 2019 , so that similar and lasting changes occurring in different member states take place simultaneously . member states should take the decision on the standard time that each of them will apply as from 2019 in a concerted manner , so that any change implemented at eu level and in the member states in connection with the implementation of this directive maintains the harmonisation of time zones in the eu at least at the current level .


### member states shall adopt and publish , by 1 april 2019 at the latest , the laws , regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this directive . they shall forthwith communicate to the commission the text of those provisions . ### member states shall adopt and publish , by 1 april 2020 at the latest , the laws , regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this directive . they shall forthwith communicate to the commission the text of those provisions .


### in its resolution of 8 february 2018 , the european parliament called on the commission to conduct an assessment of the summer - time arrangements provided by directive 2000 / 84 / ec and , if necessary , to come up with a proposal for its revision . that resolution also confirmed that it is essential to maintain a harmonised approach to time arrangements throughout the union . ### in its resolution of 8 february 2018 , the european parliament called on the commission to conduct a thorough assessment of the summer - time arrangements provided by directive 2000 / 84 / ec and , if necessary , to come up with a proposal for its revision . that resolution also stressed the importance of maintaining a harmonised approach to time arrangements throughout the union and a unified eu time regime .


### without prejudice to article 1 , if a member state decides to change its standard time or times in any territory under its jurisdiction , it shall notify the commission at least 6 months before the change takes effect . where a member state has made such a notification and has not withdrawn it at least 6 months before the date of the envisaged change , the member state shall apply this change . ### without prejudice to article 1 , if a member state decides to change its standard time or times in any territory under its jurisdiction , it shall notify the commission and all other member states at least 18 months before the change takes effect . where a member state has made such a notification and has not withdrawn it at least 18 months before the date of the envisaged change , the member state shall apply this change .


### this directive should apply from 1 april 2019 , so that the last summer - time period subject to the rules of directive 2000 / 84 / ec should start , in every member state , at 1 . 00 a . m . , coordinated universal time , on 31 march 2019 . member states that , after that summer - time period , intend to adopt a standard time corresponding to the time applied during the winter season in accordance with directive 2000 / 84 / ec should change their standard time at 1 . 00 a . m . , coordinated universal time , on 27 october 2019 , so that similar and lasting changes occurring in different member states take place simultaneously . it is desirable that member states take the decisions on the standard time that each of them will apply as from 2019 in a concerted manner . ### this directive should apply without delay , that is from 1 april 2019 , so that the last summer - time period subject to the rules of directive 2000 / 84 / ec should start , in every member state , at 1 . 00 a . m . , coordinated universal time , on 31 march 2019 . member states that , after that summer - time period , intend to adopt a standard time corresponding to the time applied during the winter season in accordance with directive 2000 / 84 / ec should change their standard time at 1 . 00 a . m . , coordinated universal time , on 27 october 2019 , so that similar and lasting changes occurring in different member states take place simultaneously . member states are responsible for ensuring that decisions on the standard time that each of them will apply as from 2019 are taken in a concerted manner .


### without prejudice to article 1 , if a member state decides to change its standard time or times in any territory under its jurisdiction , it shall notify the commission at least 6 months before the change takes effect . where a member state has made such a notification and has not withdrawn it at least 6 months before the date of the envisaged change , the member state shall apply this change . ### without prejudice to article 1 , if a member state decides to change its standard time or times in any territory under its jurisdiction , it shall notify the commission and all other member states at least 24 months before the change takes effect . after notification the european commission shall make an impact assessment of the notified decisions of the member states&#160 ; and shall discuss the result with the member states . where a member state has made such a notification and has not withdrawn it at least 18 months before the date of the envisaged change , the member state shall apply this change .


### member states shall provide the commission with the relevant information by 30 april 2024 at the latest . ### member states shall provide the commission with the relevant information by 30 april 2025 at the latest .


### a lively public debate is taking place on summer - time arrangements and some member states have already expressed their preference to discontinue the application of such arrangements . in the light of these developments , it is necessary to continue safeguarding the proper functioning of the internal market and to avoid any significant disruptions thereto caused by divergences between member states in this area . therefore , it is appropriate to put an end in a coordinated way to summer - time arrangements . ### a lively public debate is taking place on summer - time arrangements and some member states have already expressed their preference to discontinue the application of such arrangements . in the light of these developments , it is necessary to continue safeguarding the proper functioning of the internal market as well as cross - border transport and to avoid any significant disruptions thereto caused by divergences between member states in this area . therefore , it is appropriate to put an end in a coordinated and harmonised way to summer - time arrangements .


### a lively public debate is taking place on summer - time arrangements and some member states have already expressed their preference to discontinue the application of such arrangements . in the light of these developments , it is necessary to continue safeguarding the proper functioning of the internal market and to avoid any significant disruptions thereto caused by divergences between member states in this area . therefore , it is appropriate to put an end in a coordinated way to summer - time arrangements . ### a lively public debate is taking place on summer - time arrangements and some member states have already expressed their preference to discontinue the application of such arrangements . in the light of these developments , it is necessary to continue safeguarding the proper functioning of the internal market and to avoid any significant disruptions thereto caused by divergences between member states in this area . therefore , it is appropriate to put an end in a coordinated way to summer - time arrangements . ensuring sufficient coordination is the responsibility of the member states .


### in its resolution of 8 february 2018 , the european parliament called on the commission to conduct an assessment of the summer - time arrangements provided by directive 2000 / 84 / ec and , if necessary , to come up with a proposal for its revision . that resolution also confirmed that it is essential to maintain a harmonised approach to time arrangements throughout the union . ### against the background of several petitions from citizens , parliamentary questions and a public hearing on the matter , the european parliament , in its resolution of 8 february 2018 , the european parliament called on the commission to conduct a thorough assessment of the summer - time arrangements provided by directive 2000 / 84 / ec and , if necessary , to come up with a proposal for its revision . that resolution also stressed the importance of maintaining a harmonised approach to time arrangements throughout the union and a unified eu time regime .


### this directive should apply from 1 april 2019 , so that the last summer - time period subject to the rules of directive 2000 / 84 / ec should start , in every member state , at 1 . 00 a . m . , coordinated universal time , on 31 march 2019 . member states that , after that summer - time period , intend to adopt a standard time corresponding to the time applied during the winter season in accordance with directive 2000 / 84 / ec should change their standard time at 1 . 00 a . m . , coordinated universal time , on 27 october 2019 , so that similar and lasting changes occurring in different member states take place simultaneously . it is desirable that member states take the decisions on the standard time that each of them will apply as from 2019 in a concerted manner . ### this directive should apply from 1 april 2020 , so that the last summer - time period subject to the rules of directive 2000 / 84 / ec should start , in every member state , at 1 . 00 a . m . , coordinated universal time , on 29 march 2020 . member states that , after that summer - time period , intend to adopt a standard time corresponding to the time applied during the winter season in accordance with directive 2000 / 84 / ec should change their standard time at 1 . 00 a . m . , coordinated universal time , on 25th of october 2020 , so that similar and lasting changes occurring in different member states take place simultaneously . it is a prerequisite for the implementation of this scheme that member states take the decisions on the standard time that each of them will apply as from 2020 in a concerted and a consensual manner , encouraging member states to remain in their current time zone . a network of national contact points on time arrangement might be set up . it is important to avoid possible complications that could occur when member states are implementing this directive . it is therefore necessary to leave them sufficient time and ensure a harmonized and well - coordinated approach .


### this directive should apply from 1 april 2019 , so that the last summer - time period subject to the rules of directive 2000 / 84 / ec should start , in every member state , at 1 . 00 a . m . , coordinated universal time , on 31 march 2019 . member states that , after that summer - time period , intend to adopt a standard time corresponding to the time applied during the winter season in accordance with directive 2000 / 84 / ec should change their standard time at 1 . 00 a . m . , coordinated universal time , on 27 october 2019 , so that similar and lasting changes occurring in different member states take place simultaneously . it is desirable that member states take the decisions on the standard time that each of them will apply as from 2019 in a concerted manner . ### in order to ensure a concerted and coordinated harmonisation of standard time in accordance with the aim of this directive , the power to adopt acts in accordance with article 290 of the treaty on the functioning of the european union should be delegated to the commission in respect of postponing the date of application of this directive in when time arrangements would have the potential to seriously disrupt the proper functioning of the internal market . it is of particular importance that the commission carry out appropriate consultations during its preparatory work , including at expert level , and that those consultations be conducted in accordance with the principles laid down in the interinstitutional agreement on better law - making of 13 april 2016 . in particular , to ensure equal participation in the preparation of delegated acts , the european parliament and the council receive all documents at the same time as member states ' experts , and their experts systematically have access to meetings of commission expert groups dealing with the preparation of delegated acts .


### in view of the specific nature of the exception , its targeted scope and the need for legal certainty for its beneficiaries , member states should not be allowed to impose additional requirements for the application of the exception , such as compensation schemes or the prior verification of the commercial availability of accessible format copies . ### member states and those involved in the sector have already developed solutions and arrangements at national level that take into account the specific nature of the exception , its targeted scope and the need for legal certainty for its beneficiaries . member states should therefore continue to be allowed to impose reasonable and limited additional requirements for the application of the exception , strictly in so far as these are authorised by the marrakesh treaty , as is the case with compensation schemes , in order to be in a position to respond to possible future developments and their impact on the market .


### ‘ authorised entity’ means an organisation providing education , instructional training , adaptive reading or information access to beneficiary persons on a non - profit basis , as its main activity or as one of its main activities or public - interest missions . ### ' authorised entity ' means an organisation authorised or recognised by state institutions providing education , instructional training , adaptive reading or information access to beneficiary persons on a non - profit basis , as its main activity or as one of its main activities or public - interest missions .


### member states shall endeavour to reduce fishing mortality in fisheries targeting north atlantic shortfin mako sharks and report about the progress made to the commission on an annual basis in the annual report referred to in article 70 . ### member states shall take appropriate measures to reduce fishing mortality in fisheries targeting north atlantic shortfin mako sharks and report about the progress made to the commission on an annual basis in the annual report referred to in article 70 .


### this regulation also does not cover fishing opportunities decided by iccat , as article 43 of the treaty on the functioning of the european union provides that measures on fixing prices , levies , aid and quantitative limitations and on the fixing and allocation of fishing opportunities shall be adopted by the council . ### fishing opportunities decided by iccat are allocated to member states by the council in application of article 43 of the treaty on the functioning of the european union and , in turn , by member states to vessel - owners in accordance with the principles laid down in regulations no 1380 / 2013 and 2016 / 1627 , which should encompass , in particular , the promotion of coastal fishing activities and the use of fishing gear and techniques which are selective and have a reduced environmental impact , including gear and techniques used in traditional and artisanal fisheries , thereby contributing to a fair standard of living for local economies .


### the power to adopt delegated acts referred to in article 72 shall be conferred on the commission for an indeterminate period of time from the date of entry into force of this regulation . ### the power to adopt delegated acts referred to in article 72 shall be conferred on the commission for a period of five years from . . . [ date of entry into force of this regulation… ] . the commission shall draw up a report in respect of the delegation of power not later than nine months before the end of the five - year period . the delegation of power shall be tacitly extended for periods of an identical duration , unless the european parliament or the council opposes such extension not later than three months before the end of each period .


### in order to ensure full respect for the principle of family unity and for the best interests of the child , the existence of a relationship of dependency between an applicant and his or her child , sibling or parent on account of the applicant’s pregnancy or maternity , state of health or old age , should become a binding responsibility criterion . when the applicant is an unaccompanied minor , the presence of a family member or relative on the territory of another member state who can take care of him or her should also become a binding responsibility criterion . in order to discourage secondary movements of unaccompanied minors , which are not in their best interests , in the absence of a family member or a relative , the member state responsible should be that where the unaccompanied minor first has lodged his or her application for international protection , unless it is demonstrated that this would not be in the best interests of the child . before transferring an unaccompanied minor to another member state , the transferring member state should make sure that that member state will take all necessary and appropriate measures to ensure the adequate protection of the child , and in particular the prompt appointment of a representative or representatives tasked with safeguarding respect for all the rights to which they are entitled . any decision to transfer an unaccompanied minor should be preceded by an assessment of his / her best interests by staff with the necessary qualifications and expertise . ### in order to ensure full respect for the principle of family unity and for the best interests of the child , the existence of a relationship of dependency between an applicant and his or her child , sibling or parent on account of the applicant ' s pregnancy or maternity , state of health or old age , should become a binding responsibility criterion . when the applicant is an unaccompanied minor , the presence of a family member or relative on the territory of another member state who can take care of him or her should also become a binding responsibility criterion , if this is in their best interests . in order to discourage secondary movements and unnecessary transfers of unaccompanied minors , which are not in their best interests , in the absence of a family member or a relative legally present in the territory of a member state , the member state responsible should be that in which the unaccompanied minor is present , provided that this is in the best interests of the minor . before transferring an unaccompanied minor to another member state , the transferring member state should make sure that that member state will take all necessary and appropriate measures to ensure the adequate protection of the child , and in particular the prompt appointment of a guardian tasked with safeguarding respect for all the rights to which they are entitled . any decision to transfer an unaccompanied minor should be preceded by a multidisciplinary assessment of his / her best interests by staff with the necessary qualifications and expertise , which shall involve his or her guardian and legal advisor or counsellor .


### - the minor children of couples referred to in the first indent or of the applicant , on condition that they are unmarried and regardless of whether they were born in or out of wedlock or adopted as defined under national law , ### - the children of couples referred to in the first indent or of the applicant , regardless of whether they were born in or out of wedlock or adopted as defined under national law ,


### for the purpose of applying article 10 , the member state where the unaccompanied minor lodged an application for international protection shall , as soon as possible , take appropriate action to identify the family members or relatives of the unaccompanied minor on the territory of member states , whilst protecting the best interests of the child . ### for the purpose of applying articles 10 and 19 , the member state where the unaccompanied minor made an application for international protection shall , as soon as possible , take appropriate action to identify the family members , relatives or any other family relations of the unaccompanied minor on the territory of member states , whilst protecting the best interests of the child .


### before transferring an unaccompanied minor to the member state responsible or , where applicable , to the member state of allocation , the transferring member state shall make sure that the member state responsible or the member state of allocation takes the measures referred to in articles 14 and 24 of directive 2013 / 33 / eu and article 25 of directive 2013 / 32 / eu without delay . any decision to transfer an unaccompanied minor shall be preceded by an assessment of his / her best interests . the assessment shall be based on the factors listed in paragraph 3 . the assessment shall be done swiftly by staff with the qualifications and expertise to ensure that the best interests of the minor are taken into consideration . ### any decision on the member state responsible or , where applicable , on the member state of allocation concerning an unaccompanied minor shall be preceded by a multidisciplinary assessment of his / her best interests . the assessment shall be based on the factors listed in paragraph 3 and the conclusions of the assessment on each of the factors shall be clearly stated in the decision on responsibility . the multidisciplinary assessment shall involve competent staff with expertise in child rights , psychology and development and shall involve , at a minimum , the minor ' s guardian and legal advisor or counsellor . before any transfer of an unaccompanied minor takes place , the transferring member state shall obtain individual guarantees that the member state responsible or the member state of allocation takes the measures referred to in articles 14 and 24 of directive 2013 / 33 / eu and article 25 of directive 2013 / 32 / eu without delay . any decision to transfer an unaccompanied minor to another member state shall be preceded by an assessment of his or her best interests , carried out by the competent judicial or administrative authority according to the national law of the member state .


### the minor’s well - being and social development ; ### the minor’s well - being and social development , taking into particular consideration his or her ethnic , religious , cultural and linguistic background and the need for stability and continuity in the minor ' s care and custodial arrangements and access to health and education services ;


### a key based on the size of the population and of the economy of the member states should be applied as a point of reference in the operation of the corrective allocation mechanism in conjunction with a threshold , so as to enable the mechanism to function as a means of assisting member states under disproportionate pressure . the application of the corrective allocation for the benefit of a member state should be triggered automatically where the number of applications for international protection for which a member state is responsible exceeds 150% of the figure identified in the reference key . in order to comprehensively reflect the efforts of each member state , the number of persons effectively resettled to that member state should be added to the number of applications for international protection for the purposes of this calculation . ### a reference key based on the size of the population and of the economy of the member states should be applied as a point of reference in the operation of the corrective allocation mechanism in conjunction with a threshold , so as to enable the mechanism to function as a means of assisting member states under disproportionate pressure . the application of the corrective allocation for the benefit of a member state should be triggered automatically where the number of applications for international protection for which a member state is responsible exceeds 100 % of the figure identified in the reference key . the corrective allocation should cease to apply when the number of applicants for which a member state is responsible drops below 75 % of the figure identified in the reference key . in order to comprehensively reflect the efforts of each member state , the number of persons effectively resettled to that member state should be added to the number of applications for international protection for the purposes of this calculation .


### when there is a significant risk of absconding , member states may detain the person concerned in order to secure transfer procedures in accordance with this regulation , on the basis of an individual assessment and only in so far as detention is proportional and other less coercive alternative measures cannot be applied effectively . ### when there are indications that there is a risk of absconding , in particular when the applicant did not comply with his obligations set out in article 5 , member states shall detain the person concerned in order to secure transfer procedures in accordance with this regulation , on the basis of an individual assessment in so far as detention is proportional . detention shall be kept as short as possible and shall not exceed 4 weeks .


### in order to provide for supplementary rules , the power to adopt acts in accordance with article 290 of the treaty on the functioning of the european union should be delegated to the commission in respect of the identification of family members or relatives of an unaccompanied minor ; the criteria for establishing the existence of proven family links ; the criteria for assessing the capacity of a relative to take care of an unaccompanied minor , including where family members , siblings or relatives of the unaccompanied minor stay in more than one member state ; the elements for assessing a dependency link ; the criteria for assessing the capacity of a person to take care of a dependent person and the elements to be taken into account in order to assess the inability to travel for a significant period of time . in exercising its powers to adopt delegated acts , the commission shall not exceed the scope of the best interests of the child as provided for under article 8 of this regulation . it is of particular importance that the commission carry out appropriate consultations during its preparatory work , including at expert level and that those consultations be conducted in accordance with the principles laid down in the interinstitutional agreement on better law - making of 13 april 2016 . in particular , to ensure equal participation in the preparation of delegated acts , the european parliament and council receive all documents at the same time as member states ' experts , and their experts systematically have access to meetings of commission expert groups dealing with the preparation of delegated acts . . ### in order to provide for supplementary rules , the power to adopt acts in accordance with article 290 of the treaty on the functioning of the european union should be delegated to the commission in respect of the periodicity and modalities for providing information to applicants on the status of the procedures under this regulation concerning them , the identification of family members , relatives or any other family relations of an unaccompanied minor ; the criteria for establishing the existence of proven family links ; the criteria for assessing the capacity of a relative to take care of an unaccompanied minor , including where family members , siblings or relatives of the unaccompanied minor stay in more than one member state ; the elements for assessing a dependency link ; the criteria for assessing the capacity of a person to take care of a dependent person ; and the elements to be taken into account in order to assess the inability to travel for a significant period of time . in exercising its powers to adopt delegated acts , the commission shall not exceed the scope of the best interests of the child as provided for under article 8 of this regulation . it is of particular importance that the commission carry out appropriate consultations during its preparatory work , including at expert level and that those consultations be conducted in accordance with the principles laid down in the interinstitutional agreement on better law - making of 13 april 2016 . in particular , to ensure equal participation in the preparation of delegated acts , the european parliament and council receive all documents at the same time as member states ' experts , and their experts systematically have access to meetings of commission expert groups dealing with the preparation of delegated acts .


### the personal interview shall be conducted in a language that the applicant understands or is reasonably supposed to understand and in which he or she is able to communicate . where necessary , member states shall have recourse to an interpreter who is able to ensure appropriate communication between the applicant and the person conducting the personal interview . ### the personal interview shall be conducted in a language that the applicant understands or is reasonably supposed to understand and in which he or she is able to communicate and , when the applicant is a minor , in a child - friendly manner . where necessary , member states shall have recourse to an interpreter who is able to ensure appropriate communication between the applicant and the person conducting the personal interview .


### in order to ensure full respect for the principle of family unity and for the best interests of the child , the existence of a relationship of dependency between an applicant and his or her child , sibling or parent on account of the applicant’s pregnancy or maternity , state of health or old age , should become a binding responsibility criterion . when the applicant is an unaccompanied minor , the presence of a family member or relative on the territory of another member state who can take care of him or her should also become a binding responsibility criterion . in order to discourage secondary movements of unaccompanied minors , which are not in their best interests , in the absence of a family member or a relative , the member state responsible should be that where the unaccompanied minor first has lodged his or her application for international protection , unless it is demonstrated that this would not be in the best interests of the child . before transferring an unaccompanied minor to another member state , the transferring member state should make sure that that member state will take all necessary and appropriate measures to ensure the adequate protection of the child , and in particular the prompt appointment of a representative or representatives tasked with safeguarding respect for all the rights to which they are entitled . any decision to transfer an unaccompanied minor should be preceded by an assessment of his / her best interests by staff with the necessary qualifications and expertise . ### in order to ensure full respect for the principle of family unity and for the best interests of the child , the existence of a relationship of dependency between an applicant and his or her child , sibling or parent on account of the applicant’s pregnancy or maternity , state of health or old age , should become a binding responsibility criterion . when the applicant is an unaccompanied minor , the presence of a family member or relative on the territory of another member state who can take care of him or her should also become a binding responsibility criterion . in the absence of a family member or a relative , unaccompanied minors should not , as general rule , be transferred among member states . their application should be therefore examined by the member state where the unaccompanied minor is present after having lodged an application , if provisions at article 19 are not applicable and unless it is demonstrated that this would not be in the best interests of the child . before transferring an unaccompanied minor to another member state , the transferring member state should make sure that that member state will take all necessary and appropriate measures to ensure the adequate protection of the child , and in particular the prompt appointment of a representative or representatives tasked with safeguarding respect for all the rights to which they are entitled . any decision to transfer an unaccompanied minor should be preceded by an assessment of his / her best interests by staff with the necessary qualifications and expertise .


### of the personal interview pursuant to article 7 and the obligation of submitting and substantiating information regarding the presence of family members , relatives or any other family relations in the member states , including the means by which the applicant can submit such information ; ### of the purpose of the personal interview pursuant to article 7 as well as what information the applicant will be asked to submit during the interview ;


### the authorities referred to in paragraph 1 shall receive the necessary training with respect to the application of this regulation . ### the authorities referred to in paragraph 1 shall receive the necessary regular training with respect to the application of this regulation , including as regards the operating procedures for gathering relevant information and assessing the best interests of the child . member states shall ensure the availability of specially trained staff , or specialized support services for staff , dedicated to the assessment of the best interests of the child in cases involving unaccompanied minors .


### the competent asylum authorities of the member states referred to in article 47 shall have access to the automated system referred to in article 44 for entering the information referred to in article 20 , article 22 , and , article 37 and point of article 39 . ### the competent asylum authorities of the member states referred to in article 47 shall have access to the automated system referred to in article 44 for entering the information referred to in article 20 , article 22 , and and point of article 39 .


### in order to ensure that the aims of this regulation are achieved and obstacles to its application are prevented , in particular in order to avoid absconding and secondary movements between member states , it is necessary to establish clear obligations to be complied with by the applicant in the context of the procedure , of which he or she should be duly informed in a timely manner . violation of those legal obligations should lead to appropriate and proportionate procedural consequences for the applicant and to appropriate and proportionate consequences in terms of his or her reception conditions . in line with the charter of fundamental rights of the european union , the member state where such an applicant is present should in any case ensure that the immediate material needs of that person are covered . ### in order to ensure that the aims of this regulation are achieved and obstacles to its application are prevented , in particular in order to avoid absconding and secondary movements between member states , it is necessary to establish clear obligations to be complied with by the applicant in the context of the procedure , of which he or she should be duly informed in a timely manner . violation of those legal obligations should lead to appropriate and proportionate consequences in terms of some of his or her reception conditions . in line with the charter of fundamental rights of the european union , the member state where such an applicant is present should in any case ensure that the immediate material needs of that person are covered .


### applicants who lodged their application in the benefitting member state after notification of allocation referred to in article 34 shall be allocated to the member states referred to in paragraph 1 , and these member states shall determine the member state responsible ; ### applicants who lodged their application in the benefitting member state after notification of allocation referred to in article 34 shall be allocated to the member states referred to in paragraph 1 , which becomes the member state responsible unless according to the criteria set out in articles 10 to 14 and 18 a different member state is responsible for examining the application .


### where the applicant is in possession of a valid visa or a visa expired less than six months before lodging the first application , the member state which issued the visa shall be responsible for examining the application for international protection , unless the visa was issued on behalf of another member state under a representation arrangement as provided for in article 8 of regulation no 810 / 2009 of the european parliament and of the council25 . in such a case , the represented member state shall be responsible for examining the application for international protection . _________________ 25 regulation no 810 / 2009 of the european parliament and of the council , of 13 july 2009 , establishing a community code on visas . ### where the applicant is in possession of a valid visa or a visa expired before lodging the first application , the member state which issued the visa shall be responsible for examining the application for international protection , unless the visa was issued on behalf of another member state under a representation arrangement as provided for in article 8 of regulation no 810 / 2009 of the european parliament and of the council25 . in such a case , the represented member state shall be responsible for examining the application for international protection . _________________ 25 regulation no 810 / 2009 of the european parliament and of the council , of 13 july 2009 , establishing a community code on visas .


### each member state where an unaccompanied minor is obliged to be present shall ensure that a representative represents and / or assists the unaccompanied minor with respect to the relevant procedures provided for in this regulation . the representative shall have the qualifications and expertise to ensure that the best interests of the minor are taken into consideration during the procedures carried out under this regulation . such representative shall have access to the content of the relevant documents in the applicant’s file including the specific leaflet for unaccompanied minors . ### each member state where an unaccompanied minor is present shall ensure that a guardian represents and / or assists the unaccompanied minor with respect to all procedures provided for in this regulation . the guardian shall have the qualifications and expertise to ensure that the best interests of the minor are taken into consideration during the procedures carried out under this regulation . such a guardian shall have access to the content of the relevant documents in the applicant’s file including the specific information material for unaccompanied minors . the guardian shall be appointed as soon as possible , but at the latest within five days from the date of the making of the application .


### the applicant shall submit as soon as possible and at the latest during the interview pursuant to article 7 , all the elements and information relevant for determining the member state responsible and cooperate with the competent authorities of the member states . ### the applicant shall submit as soon as possible all the available elements and information relevant for determining the member state responsible and cooperate with the competent authorities of the member states . the competent authorities shall take into account the elements and information relevant for determining the member state responsible only insofar as they have been submitted before the final decision determining the member state responsible .


### the member state conducting the personal interview shall make a written summary thereof which shall contain at least the main information supplied by the applicant at the interview . this summary may either take the form of a report or a standard form . the member state shall ensure that the applicant and / or the legal advisor or other counsellor who is representing the applicant have timely access to the summary . ### the member state conducting the personal interview shall make a written summary thereof which shall contain at least the main information supplied by the applicant at the interview . this summary may either take the form of a report or a standard form . the member state shall ensure that the applicant and / or the guardian , the legal advisor or counsellor who is representing the applicant have access to the summary as soon as possible after the interview , and in any case before a transfer decision is taken .


### in order to ensure that the aims of this regulation are achieved and obstacles to its application are prevented , in particular in order to avoid absconding and secondary movements between member states , it is necessary to establish clear obligations to be complied with by the applicant in the context of the procedure , of which he or she should be duly informed in a timely manner . violation of those legal obligations should lead to appropriate and proportionate procedural consequences for the applicant and to appropriate and proportionate consequences in terms of his or her reception conditions . in line with the charter of fundamental rights of the european union , the member state where such an applicant is present should in any case ensure that the immediate material needs of that person are covered . ### in order to ensure that the aims of this regulation are achieved and obstacles to its application are prevented , in particular in order to avoid absconding and secondary movements between member states , it is necessary to establish clear obligations to be complied with by the applicant in the context of the procedure , of which he or she should be duly informed in a timely manner . in order to encourage applicants to comply and cooperate , violation of those legal obligations should lead to appropriate and proportionate procedural consequences for the applicant and to appropriate and proportionate consequences in terms of his or her reception conditions . in line with the charter of fundamental rights of the european union , the member state where such an applicant is present should in any case ensure that the immediate material needs of that person are covered .


### in order to ensure full respect for the principle of family unity and for the best interests of the child , the existence of a relationship of dependency between an applicant and his or her child , sibling or parent on account of the applicant’s pregnancy or maternity , state of health or old age , should become a binding responsibility criterion . when the applicant is an unaccompanied minor , the presence of a family member or relative on the territory of another member state who can take care of him or her should also become a binding responsibility criterion . in order to discourage secondary movements of unaccompanied minors , which are not in their best interests , in the absence of a family member or a relative , the member state responsible should be that where the unaccompanied minor first has lodged his or her application for international protection , unless it is demonstrated that this would not be in the best interests of the child . before transferring an unaccompanied minor to another member state , the transferring member state should make sure that that member state will take all necessary and appropriate measures to ensure the adequate protection of the child , and in particular the prompt appointment of a representative or representatives tasked with safeguarding respect for all the rights to which they are entitled . any decision to transfer an unaccompanied minor should be preceded by an assessment of his / her best interests by staff with the necessary qualifications and expertise . ### in order to ensure full respect for the principle of family unity and for the best interests of the child , the existence of a relationship of dependency between an applicant and his or her child , sibling or parent on account of the applicant ' s pregnancy or maternity , state of health or old age , should become a binding responsibility criterion . when the applicant is an unaccompanied minor , the presence of a family member or relative on the territory of another member state who can take care of him or her should also become a binding responsibility criterion . in order to discourage secondary movements of unaccompanied minors , which are not in their best interests , in the absence of a family member or a relative , the member state responsible should be that where the unaccompanied minor first has lodged his or her application for international protection , unless it is demonstrated that this would not be in the best interests of the child . before transferring an unaccompanied minor to another member state , the transferring member state should make sure that that member state will take all necessary and appropriate measures to ensure the adequate protection of the child , and in particular the prompt appointment of a representative or representatives tasked with safeguarding respect for all the rights to which they are entitled . any decision to transfer an unaccompanied minor should be preceded by an assessment of his / her best interests by staff with the necessary qualifications and expertise . if for any reason the age of the applicant is not clearly over 18 years of age the member state have the full right to medically investigate the applicant to establish the age of the applicant .


### - when the applicant is a minor and unmarried , the father , mother or another adult responsible for the applicant , whether by law or by the practice of the member state where the adult is present , ### - when the applicant is a minor , the father , mother or another adult responsible for the applicant , whether by law or by the practice of the member state where the adult is present ,


### in a situation referred to in article 20 , , or the member state where the person is present shall make a take back notification at the latest within two weeks after receiving the eurodac hit , and transfer that person to the member state responsible . ### in a situation referred to in article 20 , , or the member state where the person is present shall make a take back request at the latest within two weeks after receiving the eurodac hit .


### the member state in which an application for international protection is made and which is carrying out the process of determining the member state responsible may , at any time before a member state responsible has been determined , request another member state to take charge of an applicant in order to bring together any family relations , even where that other member state is not responsible under the criteria laid down in articles 10 to 13 and 18 . the persons concerned must express their consent in writing . ### the member state in which an application for international protection is lodged and which is carrying out the process of determining the member state responsible , or the member state responsible , may , at any time before a first decision regarding substance is taken , request another member state to take charge of an applicant in order to bring together any family relations , on humanitarian grounds based in particular on family , cultural or social ties or language skills which would facilitate his or her integration into that other member state , even where that other member state is not responsible under the criteria laid down in articles 10 to 13 and 18 . the persons concerned must express their consent in writing .


### where , on account of pregnancy , a new - born child , serious illness , severe disability or old age , an applicant is dependent on the assistance of his or her child , sibling or parent legally resident in one of the member states , or his or her child , sibling or parent legally resident in one of the member states is dependent on the assistance of the applicant , member states shall normally keep or bring together the applicant with that child , sibling or parent , provided that family ties existed in the country of origin , that the child , sibling or parent or the applicant is able to take care of the dependent person and that the persons concerned expressed their desire in writing . ### where , on account of pregnancy , a new - born child , serious illness , severe disability , severe trauma or old age , an applicant is dependent on the assistance of his or her child , sibling or parent legally resident in one of the member states , or his or her child , sibling or parent legally resident in one of the member states is dependent on the assistance of the applicant , member states shall normally keep or bring together the applicant with that child , sibling or parent , insofar as the family ties already existed before the applicant arrived on the territory of the member states , that the child , sibling or parent or the applicant is able to take care of the dependent person and that the persons concerned expressed their desire in writing .


### where it is impossible to transfer an applicant to the member state primarily designated as responsible because there are substantial grounds for believing that there are systemic flaws in the asylum procedure and in the reception conditions for applicants in that member state , resulting in a risk of inhuman or degrading treatment within the meaning of article 4 of the charter of fundamental rights of the european union , the determining member state shall continue to examine the criteria set out in chapter iii in order to establish whether another member state can be designated as responsible . ### where it is impossible to transfer an applicant to the member state designated as responsible because there are substantial grounds for believing that the applicant would be subjected to a real risk of a serious violation of his or her fundamental rights , the determining member state shall continue to examine the criteria set out in chapter iii in order to establish whether another member state can be designated as responsible .


### in the absence of a family member or a relative as referred to in paragraphs 2 and 3 , the member state responsible shall be that where the unaccompanied minor first has lodged his or her application for international protection , unless it is demonstrated that this is not in the best interests of the minor . ### in the absence of a family member or a relative as referred to in paragraphs 2 and 3 , the member state responsible shall be that where the unaccompanied minor is present , unless it is not in the best interests of the minor on the basis of the multidisciplinary best interests assessment conducted in accordance with article 8 . prior to such a determination the applicant shall be allowed to avail himself or herself of the procedures referred to in article 19 .


### the competent asylum authorities of the member states referred to in article 47 shall have access to the automated system referred to in article 44 for entering the information referred to in article 20 , article 22 , and , article 37 and point of article 39 . ### the competent asylum authorities of the member states referred to in article 47 shall have access to the system referred to in article 44 for entering the information referred to in article 20 , article 22 , and .