### 2. recalls that in order to create a free and secure data flow with personal data and the protection of privacy at its core , it must be supported by data savvy and well-informed citizens across the member states; points out that there are currently significant divergences between member states with regard to the digital literacy of their citizens; calls on the commission to propose ambitious targets for digital literacy in the eu through the digital education action plan and to provide substantial support to the member states to help them to achieve these targets; requests that special attention be paid to equal access to digital infrastructure , internet coverage and digital tools , without prejudice to the principles of subsidiarity and proportionality; ### 2. recalls that in order to create a free and secure data flow with personal data and the protection of privacy at its core , it must be supported by data savvy and well-informed citizens across the member states; points out that there are currently significant divergences between member states with regard to the digital literacy of their citizens; calls on the commission to strengthen digital literacy in the eu through the digital education action plan , including through enhancing peer and mutual learning and the exchange of best practices between the members states , and to provide substantial support to the member states to help them to achieve their targets; requests that special attention be paid to equal access to digital infrastructure , internet coverage and digital tools , without prejudice to the principles of subsidiarity and proportionality;


### 3. stresses that the eu should prioritise digital literacy and competencies in its cohesion policy for 2021 and beyond , with a focus on supporting teachers and the heads of education institutions in implementing digital education throughout curricula and on sharing best practices and know-how , without creating additional administrative or financial burdens; considers that education should be focused on practical skills for the future and be based on a long-term and comprehensive analysis of labour market needs; welcomes the commission’s proposal to develop a common european skills database; ### 3. stresses that the eu should strengthen digital literacy and competencies in its cohesion policy for 2021 and beyond , with a focus on supporting education institutions in implementing digital education throughout curricula and on sharing best practices and know-how , without creating additional administrative or financial burdens; considers that education should be focused on practical skills for the future and be based on a long-term and comprehensive analysis of labour market needs; welcomes the commission’s proposal to develop a common european skills database;


### 5. underlines the fact that while the increased use of data will transform our education systems , it will nevertheless be essential to maintain a human-centred and personalised approach to students and their needs; considers that open access to education and to scientific data and publications based on the fair (findable , accessible , interoperable , reusable) data principles is essential for successful innovation and science; ### 5. underlines the fact that while the increased use of data will transform our education systems , it will nevertheless be essential to maintain a human-centred and personalised approach to students and their needs; recalls that digitalised education should be a choice and not the only available option of access to knowledge , and that vulnerable groups are exposed to a greater risk of limitation of their possibilities of participation in traditional forms of education and culture; considers that open access to education and to scientific data and publications based on the fair (findable , accessible , interoperable , reusable) data principles is essential for successful innovation and science;


### 8. recommends further strengthening interoperability and establishing consensus-based , industry-led common standards in order to guarantee that the movement of data between different machines and entities can take place in an innovative manner; ### 8. recommends further strengthening interoperability and establishing consensus-based , industry-led common standards in order to guarantee that the movement of data between different machines and entities can take place in an innovative manner; calls for common , uniform and structured european guidelines for data formats , which should be machine-readable and based on open standards of recording;


### 1. highlights the potential of ai for all autonomous means of road , rail , waterborne and air transport; ### 1. highlights the potential of ai for all autonomous means of road , rail , waterborne and air transport of passengers and goods;


### a. whereas artificial intelligence (ai) is a strategic technology for the transport sector and is expected to benefit citizens and society , by improving the quality of life , creating new employment opportunities and more sustainable business models; ### a. whereas artificial intelligence (ai) is a strategic technology for the transport sector and is expected to benefit citizens and society , by improving the quality of life , raising the safety level of all modes of transport , creating new employment opportunities and more sustainable business models;


### b. whereas a european approach to ai needs to include ethical aspects of ai to ensure that it is human-centric , enhances human well-being , the well-being of society and the environment , and fully respects eu fundamental rights and values; ### b. whereas a european approach to artificial intelligence should address , as a matter of priority , the ethical aspects and dilemmas associated with ai to ensure that it is human-centric , enhances human well-being , a sense of security , the well-being of society and the environment , and fully respects eu fundamental rights and values;


### b. whereas the artificial intelligence (ai) global leadership race , which will determine the source of ethical values and standards shaping the sector worldwide , is picking up the pace; ### b. whereas the artificial intelligence (ai) global leadership race is picking up the pace but should not be separated from ethical values and standards;


### d. whereas the eu aimed to reduce annual road fatalities in the eu by 50% by 2020 compared to 2010 , but , in view of stagnating progress , renewed its efforts in its road safety policy framework 2021 - 2030 - next steps towards "vision zero"; whereas in this regard , automation and new technologies have a great potential to increase road safety by avoiding human error; ### d. whereas the eu aimed to reduce annual road fatalities in the eu by 50% by 2020 compared to 2010 , but , in view of stagnating progress , renewed its efforts in its road safety policy framework 2021 - 2030 - next steps towards "vision zero"; whereas in this regard , automation and new technologies are of vital importance in increasing the level of road safety by avoiding human error;


### 5. calls on the commission to explore the possibility of entrusting a relevant existing eu agency with enforcement and sanction mechanisms , so that actions can be taken if an ai system used in transport violates fundamental rights or the european ethical and security framework; ### deleted


### 6. calls on the commission to further support the development of trustworthy ai systems in order to render transport more efficient , accessible , affordable and inclusive , including for persons with reduced mobility. ### 6. calls on the commission to further support the development of trustworthy ai systems in order to render transport more efficient , accessible , affordable and inclusive , including for persons with reduced mobility , particularly persons with disabilities.


### 6. affirms that possible bias in and discrimination by software , algorithms and data should be addressed by setting rules for the processes through which they are designed and used , as this approach would have the potential to turn software , algorithms and data into a considerable counterbalance to bias and discrimination , and a positive force for social change; ### 6. affirms that possible bias in and discrimination by software , algorithms and data should be addressed by setting rules for the processes through which they are designed and used , as this approach would have the potential to turn software , algorithms and data into a considerable counterbalance to bias and discrimination;


### (46) action at union level as set out in this regulation would be best achieved through the establishment of a european agency for artificial intelligence. such a body would be essential in coordinating the mandates and actions of the national supervisory authorities in each member state , outlining objective criteria for the risk assessment of artificial intelligence , robotics and related technologies , developing and issuing a certification of compliance with the ethical principles laid down in this regulation , supporting regular exchanges with concerned stakeholders and civil society , promoting the union’s approach through international cooperation and ensuring a consistent reply worldwide to the opportunities and risks inherent in these technologies. ### deleted


### 3. the development , deployment and use of development , deployment and use of artificial intelligence , robotics and related technologies , including software , algorithms and data used or produced by such technologies , shall be carried out in the best interest of citizens. in particular , the potential of such technologies and the opportunities that they provide shall be taken into consideration having regard at all times to the need to protect and foster the social , environmental and economic well-being of society. ### 3. the development , deployment and use of development , deployment and use of artificial intelligence , robotics and related technologies , including software , algorithms and data used or produced by such technologies , shall be carried out in the best interest of citizens. in particular , the potential of such technologies and the opportunities that they provide shall be taken into consideration , having regard at all times to the centrality and irreplaceability of human beings and the need to protect and foster the social , environmental and economic well-being of society.


### 2. any software , algorithm or data used or produced by artificial intelligence , robotics and related technologies developed , deployed or used in the union shall be unbiased and , without prejudice to paragraph 3 , shall not discriminate on grounds such as race , gender , sexual orientation , pregnancy , disability , physical or genetic features , age , national minority , ethnic or social origin , language , religion or belief , political views or civic participation , citizenship , civil or economic status , education , or criminal record. ### 2. any software , algorithm or data used or produced by artificial intelligence , robotics and related technologies developed , deployed or used in the union shall be unbiased and , without prejudice to paragraph 3 , shall not discriminate on grounds such as race , gender , sexual orientation , pregnancy , disability , physical or genetic features , age , national minority , ethnic or social origin , language , religion or belief , political views or civic participation , citizenship , civil or economic status , education , or criminal record , and shall not seek to promote certain ideas , values and uniform views of society.


### 1. any artificial intelligence , robotics and related technologies , including software , algorithms and data used or produced by such technologies , shall be developed , deployed and used in the union in compliance with the relevant union law , principles and values , in a manner that ensures optimal social , environmental and economic outcomes and that does not result in injury or harm of any kind to being caused to individuals or society. ### 1. any artificial intelligence , robotics and related technologies , including software , algorithms and data used or produced by such technologies , shall be developed , deployed and used in the union in compliance with the relevant union law , principles and values , in a manner that ensures optimal social , environmental and economic outcomes and that does not result in injury or harm of any kind to being caused to individuals or society , paying particular attention to the possible adverse effects on employment and workers’ rights.


### developed , deployed and used in a manner that contributes to public debate , complements and empowers human cognitive skills , encourages quality education and promotes multilingualism while reflecting the cultural diversity of the union; ### developed , deployed and used in a manner that contributes to public debate , complements and empowers human cognitive skills , encourages quality education and promotes multilingualism while reflecting the cultural diversity of the union and promoting the traditions and customs of its peoples;


### l. whereas parliament continues to call for the establishment of a european agency to ensure a harmonised approach across the union and address the new opportunities and challenges , in particular those of a cross-border nature , arising from ongoing technological developments. ### deleted


### a european agency for artificial intelligence ### deleted


### 22. recalls that parliament’s resolution of 16 february 2017 with recommendations to the commission on civil law rules on robotics asked the commission to consider the designation of a european agency for artificial intelligence; ### deleted


### 23. calls on the commission to follow-up on that request , especially in view of the added-value of having a body at union level coordinating the mandates and actions of each national supervisory authority as referred to in the previous sub-section; ### deleted


### 24. believes that such a body , as well as the certification referred to in the following paragraph , would not only benefit the development of union industry and innovation in that context but also increase the awareness of our citizens regarding the opportunities and risks inherent to these technologies; ### deleted


### 25. suggests that the european agency for artificial intelligence develops common criteria and an application process relating to the granting of a european certificate of ethical compliance following a request by any developer , deployer or user seeking to certify the positive assessment of compliance carried out by the respective national supervisory authority; ### 25. suggests that the commission , together with the national supervisory authorities , develop common criteria and an application process relating to the granting of a european certificate of ethical compliance following a request by any developer , deployer or user seeking to certify the positive assessment of compliance carried out by the respective national supervisory authority;


### 29. concludes , following the above reflections on aspects related to the ethical dimension of artificial intelligence , robotics and related technologies , that the ethical dimension should be framed as a series of principles resulting in a legal framework at union level supervised by national competent authorities , coordinated and enhanced by a european agency for artificial intelligence and duly respected and certified within the internal market; ### 29. concludes , following the above reflections on aspects related to the ethical dimension of artificial intelligence , robotics and related technologies , that the ethical dimension should be framed as a series of principles resulting in a legal framework at union level supervised by national competent authorities , coordinated and enhanced by the commission and duly respected and certified within the internal market;


### 32. considers that the requested proposal would have financial implications if a new european agency for artificial intelligence is set up; ### deleted


### 21. points to the increase in online sales in the construction sector; highlights the need to ensure the effective market surveillance of construction products sold online , especially those purchased from non-eu economic operators; ### 21. calls on the commission to play an active role in the control and suspension of national regulations which are in open opposition to the cpr; calls on the commission to strengthen the dialogue with those member states which hinder the movement of goods by adopting their own national regulations on construction products , with the effect of creating technical barriers to trade in the single market; emphasises the importance of giving adequate powers to the commission to tackle these situations effectively and in a short time;


### — having regard to articles 45 , 56 , 153 and 154 tfeu , ### — having regard to articles 45 , 56 , 153 , 154 and 174 tfeu ,


### b. whereas the free movement of workers , the freedom of establishment and the freedom to provide services are fundamental principles of the internal market; ### b. whereas the free movement of workers , the freedom of establishment and the freedom to provide services are fundamental principles of the internal market; whereas the un 2030 agenda and the sustainable development goals (sdgs) must be fully developed and implemented into and across all internal market policies , in order to tackle any form of environmental and social dumping;


### c. whereas the free movement of persons is essential to the european project , is of mutual benefit to both sending and host member states , and is also a prerequisite for achieving economic , social and territorial cohesion goals; whereas the eu does not currently use the full potential of intra-eu mobility; ### c. whereas the free movement of persons is essential to the european integration process , is of mutual benefit to both sending and host member states , and is also a prerequisite for achieving economic , social and territorial cohesion goals; whereas the eu does not currently use the full potential of intra-eu mobility nor effectively enforces full compliance with applicable rules on labour mobility or addresses shortcomings of the current legal framework on the protection of cross-border , posted , mobile , and migrant workers;


### 1. highlights that the directives in the defence package aim to promote further integration of the eu defence supply chain and increase mutual trust among member states , transparency , equal treatment and the overall competitiveness of europe’s defence industry; ### 1. highlights that the directives in the defence package aim to promote further integration of the eu defence supply chain and increase mutual trust among member states , transparency , equal treatment and the overall competitiveness and operational capability and interoperability of europe’s defence industry;


### 2. emphasises that the commission’s evaluation reports concluded in 2016 that both directives have helped to open up the internal market for defence , but that much more progress is needed; calls for more up-to-date evaluations to be conducted; calls on the member states to fully implement both directives , and on the commission to ensure full and consistent enforcement; ### 2. emphasises that the commission’s evaluation reports concluded in 2016 that both directives have helped to open up the internal market for defence , but that much more progress is needed; calls for more up-to-date evaluations to be conducted; recommends member states implement both directives , and recommends the commission works towards full and consistent enforcement;


### 3. highlights that an overwhelming percentage of contracts are still awarded nationally; regrets the persistently significant degree of opacity in acquisition practices; deplores the widespread use of exemptions and of offset requirements; calls for the systematic and comprehensive reporting of data by member states concerning their use of exemptions in order to improve scrutiny; calls for efforts to ensure the effectiveness of infringement procedures; ### 3. highlights that an overwhelming percentage of contracts are still awarded nationally; encourages greater engagement with small and medium enterprises , particularly those working on emerging and disruptive technologies , to cooperate with prime defence industry companies in acquisition practices to ensure multi-national representation and innovation; encourages member states to expand multi-national cooperation within market parameters of standard trade practices and intellectual property rights; encourages the utmost effort to uphold commercial sensitivity and national security and with every effort taken to avoid inadvertently aiding industrial and third country espionage;


### 4. points to the need to strictly limit the member states’ use of exemptions , and in particular the potentially abusive use of article 346 tfeu , in order to increase transparency and equality; calls on the member states to strictly follow the commission’s interpretative guidance as to the conditions under which article 346 can be invoked; ### deleted


### 6. encourages member states to systematically follow the commission’s 2018 recommendation on cross-border market access for sub-suppliers and smes , notably on translating tenders , announcing large procurement programmes in advance , or dividing them into smaller lots; ### 6. encourages member states to follow the commission’s 2018 recommendation on cross-border market access for sub-suppliers and smes , notably on translating tenders , announcing large procurement programmes in advance , or dividing them into smaller lots; encourages ongoing efforts to provide regulatory relief that encourages sme cooperation via lower entry barriers , reducing complexities for bids , instilling preapproved sme companies and introducing cooperation with private equity firms that invest in smes and assisting sme growth via incubation and capital investment;


### 8. underlines that a more coherent interpretation and consistent implementation of the eu common position on arms exports is needed in order to limit fragmentation of the eu’s internal defence market and ensure the eu’s credibility as a global actor; calls for action to address any loopholes which may exist among the ict directive , the common position and the dual-use regulation; underlines the necessity for prior authorisation before re-exporting products and components , given the discrepancies in the implementation of the common position; ### 8. underlines that implementation of the eu common position on arms exports is subject to the will of member states and must prioritize the need to develop innovative technologies that address the security challenges of the future in a manner that limits fragmentation of the eu’s internal defence market and ensures the eu’s credibility as a global actor; calls for action to address lacks of operational capability , interoperability and sme participation;


### 1. considers that ai has great potential to promote gender equality provided that conscious and unconscious bias are eliminated; stresses the need for ai to respect the principles and values of equality and non-discrimination between women and men; stresses , further , the importance of a risk-based approach and of continuous monitoring of existing and new algorithms; ### 1. considers that ai has great potential to promote gender equality provided that conscious and unconscious bias are eliminated; stresses the need for ai to respect the principles and values of equality and non-discrimination between women and men; stresses , further , the importance of a risk-based approach and of continuous monitoring of existing and new algorithms and of monitoring of the results of their work;


### 1. considers that ai has great potential to promote gender equality provided that conscious and unconscious bias are eliminated; stresses the need for ai to respect the principles and values of equality and non-discrimination between women and men; stresses , further , the importance of a risk-based approach and of continuous monitoring of existing and new algorithms; ### 1. considers that ai has great potential to promote gender equality provided that conscious and unconscious bias are eliminated; stresses the need for ai to respect the principles and values of equality and non-discrimination between women and men; stresses , further , the importance of a risk-based approach and of continuous monitoring of their work;


### a. whereas gender equality is a core principle of the european union enshrined in the treaties , and should be reflected in all eu policies , not least in education , culture and the audiovisual; ### a. whereas gender equality is a core principle of the european union enshrined in the treaties , and should be reflected in all eu policies , including in education , culture and the audiovisual;


### b. whereas gender inequalities and discrimination have been reproduced through the design , input and use of artificial intelligence (ai) systems; whereas incomplete datasets and incorrect bias can distort the reasoning of an ai system , and jeopardise gender equality in society; ### b. whereas gender inequalities and discrimination are often unintentionally reproduced through the design , input and use of artificial intelligence (ai) systems based on immature algorithms , and social contexts in which such algorithms are used , including historical inputs; whereas incomplete or historical datasets , which are subject to bias , and incorrect algorithms can distort the reasoning of an ai system , and jeopardise gender equality in society;


### c. whereas gender inequalities are also created and replicated through the language and images disseminated by the media and ai-powered applications; whereas education , culture programmes and audiovisual contents are a fundamental tool for combatting gender stereotypes; ### c. whereas gender inequalities can also be created and replicated through the language and images disseminated by the media and ai-powered applications; whereas education , culture programmes and audiovisual contents are a fundamental tool for combatting gender stereotypes;


### d. whereas women are significantly underrepresented in the ai sectors , either as creators or consumers; whereas the full potential of women’s skills , knowledge and qualifications in the digital , ai and ict (information , communication and technology) fields can contribute to boosting the european economy; whereas globally only 22 % of ai professionals are female; whereas the lack of women in ai development not only increases the risk of bias , but also deprives the eu of talent , vision and resources , and is therefore an obstacle to innovation; ### d. whereas women are significantly underrepresented in the ai sectors , either as creators or consumers; whereas the full potential of women’s skills , knowledge and qualifications in the digital , ai and ict (information , communication and technology) fields can contribute to boosting the european economy and raise awareness of women's needs in connection with these tools; whereas globally only 22 % of ai professionals are female; whereas the lack of women in ai development not only increases the risk of bias , but also deprives the eu of talent , vision and resources , and is therefore an obstacle to innovation;


### 2. calls for policies targeted at increasing the participation of women in the fields related to science , technology , engineering and mathematics (stem) and ai , and the adoption of a multi-level approach to address the gender gap in all levels of education and employment in the digital sector; ### 2. calls for policies targeted at increasing the participation of women in the fields related to science , technology , engineering and mathematics (stem) and ai , and the adoption of a multi-level approach to address the gender gap in all levels of education and employment in the digital sector; stresses the importance of increasing the number of women trained and employed in ai , which will contribute to women's participation in shaping reality , as well as to reducing the risks associated with the creation of so-called 'biased algorithms';


### 2. calls for policies targeted at increasing the participation of women in the fields related to science , technology , engineering and mathematics (stem) and ai , and the adoption of a multi-level approach to address the gender gap in all levels of education and employment in the digital sector; ### 2. calls for policies targeted at increasing the participation of women in the fields related to science , technology , engineering and mathematics (stem) and ai , and the adoption of a multi-level approach to address the gender gap in all levels of education , with particular emphasis on primary education , and employment in the digital sector;


### 2. calls for policies targeted at increasing the participation of women in the fields related to science , technology , engineering and mathematics (stem) and ai , and the adoption of a multi-level approach to address the gender gap in all levels of education and employment in the digital sector; ### 2. calls for policies targeted at increasing the participation of women in the fields related to science , technology , engineering and mathematics (stem) , ai and the research and innovation sector , and the adoption of a multi-level approach to address the gender gap in all levels of education and employment in the digital sector;


### 3. calls on the commission and member states to take into account ai from a gender perspective when developing policy and legislation , and , if necessary , adapt current legislation , including eu programmes; ### 3. calls on the commission and member states to take into account ethical aspects , including from a gender perspective , when developing ai policy and legislation , and , if necessary , adapt current legislation , including eu programmes;


### 4. calls on the commission and member states to devise policy measures that fully incorporate the gender dimension , such as awareness-raising campaigns , training and curricula , which should provide information to citizens on how algorithms operate , and their impact on citizens’ daily lives; ### 4. calls on the commission and member states to devise measures that fully incorporate the gender dimension , such as awareness-raising campaigns , training and curricula , which should provide information to affected citizens on how algorithms operate , and their impact on citizens’ daily lives;


### 6. stresses the need for diverse teams of developers and engineers working alongside the main actors in the educational , cultural and audiovisual sector in order to prevent gender and cultural bias being inadvertently included in ai algorithms , systems and applications. ### 6. stresses the need for diverse teams of developers and engineers working alongside the main actors in the educational , cultural and audiovisual sector in order to prevent gender , cultural or any other bias being inadvertently included in ai algorithms , systems and applications.


### 6. stresses the need for diverse teams of developers and engineers working alongside the main actors in the educational , cultural and audiovisual sector in order to prevent gender and cultural bias being inadvertently included in ai algorithms , systems and applications. ### 6. stresses the need for diverse teams of developers and engineers working alongside the main actors in the educational , cultural and audiovisual sector in order to prevent a range of social bias (including gender , cultural , skin colour , etc.) being inadvertently included in ai algorithms , systems and applications.


### 14. stresses that algorithms used by media service providers and video sharing platforms should be designed in such a way that they do not privilege specific works by limiting their ‘personalised’ suggestions to the most popular works , for targeted advertising , commercial purposes or to maximise profit; ### 14. stresses that algorithms used by media service providers and video sharing platforms should be designed in such a way that they do not privilege specific works by limiting their ‘personalised’ suggestions to the most popular works , for targeted advertising , commercial purposes or to maximise profit , nor they lead to echo chambers isolating the user from a wider selection of content;


### 16. suggests establishing a clear ethical framework for the use of ai in media to ensure access to culturally and linguistically diverse content at union level , based on accountable , transparent and inclusive algorithms; stresses , in that regard , that the framework should also address the misuse of ai to disseminate fake news and online misinformation; ### 16. suggests establishing a clear ethical framework for the use of ai in media to ensure access to culturally and linguistically diverse content at union level , based on accountable , transparent and inclusive algorithms adjusted by human editorial decisions; stresses , in that regard , that the framework should also address the misuse of ai to disseminate fake news and online misinformation;


### a. whereas the services directive and the professional qualifications directive are key instruments for addressing the barriers to the free movement of services within the european union , but the potential of the single market for services is still largely untapped; ### a. whereas the services directive and the professional qualifications directive are key instruments for addressing the remaining and the newly introduced barriers to the free movement of services within the european union , but the potential of the single market for services is still largely untapped;


### b. whereas services account for around 70 % of all economic activity in the eu and a similar proportion of its employment , while the share of services in intra-eu trade is only around 20 %; ### b. whereas services account for around 73% of the eu gdp and contributes to 74%1a of employment , while the share of services in intra-eu trade is only around 20 %;


### c. whereas studies show that the potential gains of completing the single market for services through effective implementation and better harmonisation of regulations could be at least eur 297 billion , corresponding to 2 % of eu gdp; ### c. whereas studies show that the potential gains of completing the single market for services through effective implementation and better harmonisation of regulations could enable the following growth potential:


### c. whereas directives (eu) 2019/7701 and (eu) 2019/7712 on certain aspects concerning contracts for the supply of digital content and digital services and contracts for the sale of goods have only recently been adopted; ### c. whereas the revision of directive 2005/29/ec1a by directive (eu) 2019/21611b , and directives (eu) 2019/7701 and (eu) 2019/7712 on certain aspects concerning contracts for the supply of digital content and digital services and contracts for the sale of goods have only recently been adopted;


### c. whereas some businesses offering digital services enjoy , due to strong data-driven network effects , market dominance that makes it increasingly difficult for other players to compete; ### c. whereas some businesses offering digital services enjoy , due to strong data-driven network effects , market dominance that makes it increasingly difficult for other players , including start-ups , to compete;


### 1. requests that the commission submit without undue delay a set of legislative proposals comprising a digital services act with a wide material , personal and territorial scope , including the recommendations as set out in the annex to this resolution; considers that , without prejudice to detailed aspects of the future legislative proposals , article 114 of the treaty on the functioning of the european union should be chosen as the legal basis; ### 1. requests that the commission submit without undue delay a set of evidence-based and proportionate legislative proposals comprising a digital services act with a wide material , personal and territorial scope , including the recommendations as set out in the annex to this resolution; considers that , without prejudice to detailed aspects of the future legislative proposals , article 114 of the treaty on the functioning of the european union should be chosen as the legal basis;


### 2. welcomes efforts to bring transparency to advertising online and considers that further clarity and guidance is needed as regards professional diligence and obligations for platforms; believes that where advertisers and intermediaries are established in a third country , they should designate a legal representative , established in the union , who can be held accountable for the content of advertisements , in order to allow for consumer redress in the case of false or misleading advertisements; ### 2. encourages efforts to bring transparency to advertising online and considers that further clarity and guidance is welcomed as regards professional diligence and obligations for platforms; believes that if relevant data shows a significant gap in misleading advertising practices and enforcement between union-based and third country based platforms , it is reasonable to consider further options to reinforce compliance with existing laws , including an obligation for advertisers and intermediaries established in a third country to designate a legal representative , established in the union , who can be held accountable for the content of advertisements , in order to allow for consumer redress in the case of false or misleading advertisements; asks to take into account whether reciprocal obligations from third countries adopted in reaction to the new union rules would not hamper provision of services by union-based companies in third countries;


### 2. proposes that the digital services act include a regulation that establishes contractual rights as regards content management , lays down transparent , binding and uniform standards and procedures for content moderation , and guarantees accessible and independent recourse to judicial redress; ### 2. proposes that the digital services act lays down transparency and reporting requirements and minimum standards and procedures for content moderation which are proportionate to the scale , harm , type of content and platform , while ensuring the availability of accessible and independent recourse to redress;


### 3. asks the commission to clarify what sanctions or other restrictions those advertisement intermediaries and platforms should be subject to if they knowingly accept false or misleading advertisements; believes that online platforms should actively monitor the advertisements shown on their sites , in order to ensure they do not profit from false or misleading advertisements , including from influencer marketing content which is not being disclosed as sponsored; underlines that advertisements for commercial products and services , and advertisements of a political or other nature are different in form and function and therefore should be subject to different guidelines and rules; ### 3. asks the commission to clarify and publish what sanctions or other restrictions those advertisement intermediaries and platforms are subject to in accordance with union and national laws , namely directive 2005/29/ec , concerning unfair business-to-consumer commercial practices in the internal market , as amended by directive (eu) 2019/2161 and directive 2006/114/ec concerning misleading and comparative advertising , if they knowingly accept false or misleading advertisements; acknowledges that misleading advertising is difficult to be detected by platforms , believes that online platforms should be encouraged to actively monitor and remove the misleading advertisements shown on their sites , in order to ensure they do not profit from false or misleading advertisements , including from influencer marketing content which is not being disclosed as sponsored; recalls however that this should be in line with the “no general monitoring” principle; underlines that advertisements for commercial products and services , and advertisements of a political or other nature are different in form and function and therefore should be subject to different guidelines and rules;


### 3. considers that any final decision on the legality of user-generated content must be made by an independent judiciary and not a private commercial entity; ### 3. considers that any final decision on the legality of user-generated content must be made by an independent judiciary or redress system and not a private commercial entity;


### 4. while recalling earlier efforts , asks the commission to further review the practice of end user licensing agreements (eulas) and to seek ways to allow greater and easier engagement for consumers , including in the choice of clauses; notes that eulas are often accepted by users without reading them; moreover notes that when a eula does allow for users to opt-out of clauses , platforms may require users to do so at each use; ### 4. while recalling earlier efforts , asks the commission to further review the practice of end user licensing agreements (eulas) and to seek ways to allow easier engagement for consumers , including in the choice of clauses; notes that eulas are often accepted by users without reading them; moreover notes that when a eula does allow for users to opt-out of clauses , platforms may require users to do so at each use;


### 5. underlines that eulas should always make the sharing of all data with third parties optional unless vital to the functioning of the services; asks the commission to ensure that consumers can still use a connected device for all its primary functions even if a consumer withdraws their consent to share non-operational data with the device manufacturer or third parties; ### 5. underlines that eulas should always make the sharing of all data with third parties optional unless vital to the functioning of the services; asks the commission to ensure that , where reasonable , consumers can still use a connected device for all its primary functions even if a consumer withdraws their consent to share non-operational data with the device manufacturer or third parties;


### 5. recommends the establishment of a european agency tasked with monitoring and enforcing compliance with contractual rights as regards content management , auditing any algorithms used for automated content moderation and curation , and imposing penalties for non-compliance; ### 5. recommends the sharing of best practices and expertise among member states and enhanced coordination and cooperation with the european commission as regards developments in content management procedures , rather than setting up a new european agency;


### 6. underlines that the directive (eu) 2019/770 and directive (eu) 2019/771 are still to be properly transposed and implemented; asks the commission to take this into account before taking additional measures; ### 6. underlines that the directive (eu) 2019/2161 , directive (eu) 2019/770 and directive (eu) 2019/771 are still to be properly transposed and implemented; asks the commission to take this into account before taking additional measures;


### 6. suggests that content hosting platforms regularly submit transparency reports to the european agency , concerning the compliance of their terms and conditions with the provisions of the digital services act; further suggests that content hosting platforms publish their decisions on removing user-generated content on a publicly accessible database; ### 6. suggests that content hosting platforms regularly submit transparency reports concerning the compliance of their terms and conditions with the provisions of the digital services act; further suggests that content hosting platforms publish their decisions regarding removal of illegal user-generated content on a publicly accessible database;


### 8. stresses that any future legislative proposals should seek to remove current and prevent potentially new barriers in the supply of digital services by online platforms; underlines , at the same time , that new union obligations on platforms must be proportional and clear in nature in order to avoid unnecessary regulatory burdens or unnecessary restrictions; underlines the need to prevent gold-plating practices of union legislation by member states. ### 8. stresses that any future legislative proposals should be evidence-based and should seek to remove current and prevent potentially new barriers in the supply of digital services by online platforms; underlines , at the same time , that new union obligations on platforms must be proportional and clear in nature in order to avoid unnecessary regulatory burdens or unnecessary restrictions; underlines the need to prevent gold-plating practices of union legislation by member states.


### 8. takes the firm position that the digital services act must not contain provisions forcing content hosting platforms to employ any form of fully automated ex-ante controls of content , and considers that any such mechanism voluntarily employed by platforms must be subject to audits by the european agency to ensure that there is compliance with the digital services act; ### 8. takes the position that the minimum standards set in the digital services act must not contain provisions forcing content hosting platforms to employ any form of fully automated ex-ante controls of content;


### a. whereas digital services , being a cornerstone of the union’s economy and the livelihood of a large number of its citizens , need to be regulated in a way that balances central concerns like respect for fundamental rights and other rights of citizens , with the need to support development and economic progress; ### a. whereas digital services , being a cornerstone of the union’s economy and the livelihood of a large number of its citizens , need to be regulated in a way that balances central concerns including respect for fundamental rights and protecting citizens from harmful and illegal content , with the need to support development , trust online and economic progress;


### f. whereas content hosting platforms may determine what content is shown to their users , thereby profoundly influencing the way we obtain and communicate information , to the point that content hosting platforms have de facto become public spaces in the digital sphere; whereas public spaces must be managed in a manner that respects fundamental rights and the civil law rights of the users; ### f. whereas content hosting platforms play a key role in determining what content is shown to their users , thereby profoundly influencing the way we obtain and communicate information , to the point that content hosting platforms have de facto become public spaces in the digital sphere; whereas public spaces must be managed in a manner that protects public interests , respects fundamental rights and the civil law rights of the users;


### g. whereas upholding the law in the digital world does not only involve effective enforcement of rights , but also , in particular , ensuring access to justice for all; whereas delegation of the taking of decisions regarding the legality of content or of law enforcement powers to private companies can undermine the right to a fair trial and risks not to provide an effective remedy; ### g. whereas upholding the law in the digital world not only involves effective enforcement of rights , but also access to justice and due process; whereas delegating decisions regarding the legality of content or of law enforcement powers to private companies can undermine transparency and due process , leading to a fragmented approach;


### i. whereas the civil law regimes governing content hosting platforms’ practices in content moderation are based on certain sector-specific provisions at union level as well as on laws passed by member states at national level , and there are notable differences in the obligations imposed on content hosting platforms and in the enforcement mechanisms of the various civil law regimes; whereas this situation requires a response at union level; ### i. whereas the civil law regimes governing content hosting platforms’ practices in content moderation are based on certain sector-specific provisions at union level as well as on laws passed by member states at national level , and there are notable differences in the obligations imposed on content hosting platforms and in the enforcement mechanisms of the various civil law regimes; whereas this situation requires an appropriate response at union level and internationally;


### l. whereas the choice of algorithmic logic behind such recommendation systems , content curation or advertisement placements remains at the discretion of the content hosting platforms with little possibility for public oversight , which raises accountability concerns; ### l. whereas the choice of algorithmic logic behind such recommendation systems , content curation or advertisement placements remains at the discretion of the content hosting platforms with little possibility for public oversight , which has potential transparency and accountability implications;


### - it should provide principles for content moderation , including as regards discriminatory content moderation practices. ### - it should provide proportionate , evidence-based principles for content moderation , including as regards discriminatory content moderation practices.


### - it should provide formal and procedural standards for a notice and action system. ### - it should provide formal and procedural standards for a notice and action system which are proportionate to the platform and the nature and impact of the harm , effective , and future-proof;


### - it should fully respect union rules protecting personal data as well as fundamental rights. ### - it should fully respect union rules protecting personal data , public interests and fundamental rights.


### a european agency on content management should be established with the following main tasks: ### deleted


### - regular auditing of the algorithms employed by content hosting platforms for the purpose of content moderation as well as curation; ### deleted


### - regular review of the compliance of content hosting platforms with the regulation and other provisions that form part of the digital services act , in particular as regards the correct implementation of the standards for notice-and-action procedures and content moderation in their terms and conditions , on the basis of transparency reports provided by the content hosting platforms and the public database of decisions on removal of content to be established by the digital services act; ### deleted


### - working with content hosting platforms on best practices to meet the transparency and accountability requirements for terms and conditions , as well as best practices in content moderation and implementing notice-and-action procedures; ### deleted


### - imposing fines for non-compliance with the digital services act. fines should be set at up to 4% of the total worldwide annual turnover of the content hosting intermediary and take into account the platform’s overall compliance with the digital services act. the fines should contribute to a special dedicated fund intended to finance the operating costs of the dispute settlement bodies described in the regulation. instances of non-compliance should include: ### deleted


### - failure to implement the notice-and-action system provided for in the regulation; ### deleted


### - failure to provide transparent , accessible and non-discriminatory terms and conditions; ### deleted


### - failure to provide access for the european agency to content moderation and curation algorithms for review; ### deleted


### - failure to submit transparency reports to the european agency; ### deleted


### - publishing biannual reports on all of its activities. ### deleted


### the digital services act should contain provisions requiring content hosting platforms to regularly provide transparency reports to the agency. such reports should , in particular , include: ### the digital services act should contain provisions requiring content hosting platforms to regularly provide transparency reports. such reports should , in particular , include:


### - the total number of notices received , ### - the total number of notices received and for which types of content ,


### content hosting platforms should , in addition , publish their decisions on content removal on a publicly accessible database. ### content hosting platforms should , in addition , publish their decisions on content removal on a publicly accessible database to increase transparency for users.


### - users of content hosting platforms should be given the choice to opt in or out of receiving targeted advertisements. ### - users of content hosting platforms should be informed that they can make choices in respect of targeted advertisements , in line with the general data protection regulation.


### (4) given the detrimental effects of the fragmentation of the digital single market , the international character of content hosting and the dominant position of a few content hosting platforms located outside the union , the various issues that arise in respect of content hosting need to be regulated in a manner that entails full harmonisation and therefore by means of a regulation; ### (4) given the detrimental effects of the fragmentation of the digital single market , legal uncertainty for consumers , the international character of content hosting , and the dominant position of a few content hosting platforms located outside the union , the various issues that arise in respect of content hosting need to be regulated in a manner that entails greater convergence by means of minimum standards;


### (5) concerning relations with users , this regulation should lay down minimum standards for the transparency and accountability of terms and conditions of content hosting platforms. terms and conditions should include transparent , binding and uniform standards and procedures for content moderation , which should guarantee accessible and independent recourse to judicial redress. ### (5) concerning relations with users , this regulation should lay down minimum standards for the transparency and accountability of terms and conditions of content hosting platforms. terms and conditions should include transparent , binding and uniform standards and procedures for content moderation , which should guarantee accessible and independent recourse to redress.


### (9) this regulation should not contain provisions forcing content hosting platforms to employ any form of fully automated ex-ante control of content. ### (9) these measures should not contain provisions mandating content hosting platforms to employ any form of fully automated ex-ante control of content.


### (21) action at union level as set out in this regulation would be substantially enhanced with the establishment of a union agency tasked with monitoring and ensuring compliance by content hosting platforms with the provisions of this regulation. the agency should review compliance with the standards laid down for content management on the basis of transparency reports and an audit of algorithms employed by content hosting platforms for the purpose of content management ‒ ### (21) action at union level would be substantially enhanced with greater coordination and sharing of best practices among member states and the commission. the commission should monitor compliance with the proportionate standards laid down for content management , taking into account the type of content and size of the content hosting platforms and on the basis of regular transparency reports and an audit of algorithms employed by content hosting platforms for the purposes of content management ‒


### (4) ‘content moderation’ means the practice of monitoring and applying a pre-determined set of rules and guidelines to user-generated content in order to ensure that the content complies with legal and regulatory requirements , community guidelines and terms and conditions , as well as any resulting measure taken by the platform , such as removal of the content or the deletion or suspension of the user’s account , be it through automated means or human operators; ### (4) ‘content moderation’ means the practice of monitoring and applying a pre-determined set of rules and guidelines to user-generated content in order to protect public interests and ensure that the content complies with proportionate legal and regulatory requirements , community guidelines and terms and conditions , as well as any resulting measure taken by the platform , such as the swift removal of the content or the deletion or suspension of the user’s account , be it through automated means or human operators;


### (5) ‘content curation’ means the practice of selecting , prioritising and recommending content based on individual user profiles for the purpose of its display on a website or application; ### (5) ‘content curation’ means the practice of selecting , optimising , prioritising and recommending content based on individual user profiles for the purpose of its display on a website or application;


### 1. content management shall be conducted in a fair , lawful and transparent manner. content management practices shall be appropriate , relevant and limited to what is necessary in relation to the purposes for which the content is managed. ### 1. content management shall be conducted in a fair , lawful and transparent manner. content management practices shall be appropriate , proportionate to the type and scale of content , relevant and limited to what is necessary in relation to the purposes for which the content is managed.


### 2. following a notice , content hosting platforms shall decide to remove , take down or make invisible content that was the subject of a notice , if such content does not comply with legal and regulatory requirements , community guidelines or terms and conditions. ### 2. following a notice , content hosting platforms shall decide to remove , take down or make invisible content that was the subject of a notice without delay , if such content does not comply with legal and regulatory requirements , community guidelines or terms and conditions.


### without prejudice to judicial or administrative orders regarding content online , content that has been the subject of a notice shall remain visible until a final decision has been taken regarding its removal or takedown. ### deleted


### the number of disputes referred to the independent dispute settlement bodies; ### the number of disputes referred to the independent dispute settlement bodies and the types of content;


### a. whereas cohesion policy is a key instrument that ensures solidarity between european regions in exchange for the opportunities afforded by the internal market; whereas if regions are to access the internal market , they must make a contribution to the cohesion funds – as is the case for european economic area (eea) countries; ### deleted


### 1. considers that the uk should be invited to contribute to the cohesion funds if it wishes to participate in the internal market , in accordance with the model for eea countries; ### deleted


### 2. stresses that the full implementation of the withdrawal agreement , including the protocol on northern ireland , is a prerequisite for and a basic component of a future partnership between the eu and the uk; expresses concern at the uk government’s statements demonstrating a lack of political will to fully comply with its commitments under the withdrawal agreement , namely regarding border controls in the irish sea; notes that no concrete reassurances were given on this matter during the first meeting of the joint committee; underlines that trust between the parties is essential in these negotiations; ### 2. stresses that the full implementation of the withdrawal agreement , including the protocol on northern ireland , is a prerequisite for and a basic component of a future partnership between the eu and the uk; calls on the uk to fully comply with its commitments under the withdrawal agreement , including regarding border controls in the irish sea; underlines that mutual trust between the parties is essential in these negotiations;


### 3. stresses that all eu institutions , businesses and citizens should be prepared for a new partnership with the uk at the end of the transition period; ### 3. stresses that all member states , eu institutions , businesses and citizens should be prepared for a new partnership with the uk at the end of the transition period;


### 3. welcomes the fact that the commission has presented and published a comprehensive legal proposal for a future relationship , broadly in line with its negotiating mandate and the european parliament’s resolution , and deeply regrets the fact that the uk government has refused to accept a similar level of transparency; ### 3. welcomes the fact that the commission has presented and published a comprehensive legal proposal for a future relationship , broadly in line with its negotiating mandate and the european parliament’s resolution , and notes that the uk government has refused to accept a similar level of transparency;


### 4. notes the substantial divergences between both parties at this initial stage of the negotiations , including on the scope and the legal architecture of the text to be negotiated; expresses deep concern at the limited scope of the future partnership envisaged by the uk government , and points out that the uk’s proposals fall short of its commitments under the withdrawal agreement and the political declaration; ### 4. notes the substantial divergences between both parties at this initial stage of the negotiations , including on the scope and the legal architecture of the text to be negotiated; takes note of the limited scope of the future partnership envisaged by the uk government;


### 6. recalls , in the context of financial services , that passporting rights , which are based on mutual recognition and harmonised prudential rules in the internal market , will cease to apply between the eu and the uk at the end of the transitional period; underlines that , thereafter , access to the european financial market must be based on equivalence decisions made within the eu’s legal framework; ### 6. notes that under existing ftas market access for services is limited and subject to exclusions , reservations and exceptions; recalls , in the context of financial services , that passporting rights , which are based on mutual recognition and harmonised prudential rules in the internal market , will cease to apply between the eu and the uk at the end of the transitional period; recalls that eu legislation provides for the possibility to consider third-country rules as equivalent based on a proportional and risk-based approach; underlines that , after the transitional period , negotiating parties’ access to each other’s financial markets must be based on equivalence decisions;


### 7. defends the need to extend the transition period in order to allow enough time to conclude the negotiations on a comprehensive future partnership , while safeguarding citizens’ rights , legal certainty and economic and financial stability. ### 7. recalls the legal possibility to extend the transition period in order to allow more time to conclude the negotiations on a comprehensive future partnership , while safeguarding citizens’ rights , legal certainty and economic and financial stability.


### e. whereas the withdrawal of the uk without a subsequent agreement on its future relationship with the eu would have disruptive effects , creating a significant burden for public finances in the eu; whereas such a failure to reach an agreement on future eu-uk relations would justify activating the solidarity principle; whereas parliament has already approved activating the solidarity principle in such a scenario; ### e. whereas the withdrawal of the uk without a subsequent agreement on its future relationship with the eu would have disruptive effects , creating a significant burden for public finances in the eu; whereas such a failure to reach an agreement on future eu-uk relations would justify activating the solidarity principle;


### 5. recalls the importance of extending the scope of the european union solidarity fund to cover a part of the additional public expenditure incurred in preparation for , or as a consequence of , the end of the transition period without a subsequent agreement on the uk’s future relationship with the eu; calls on the commission to put forward a proposal on the matter , mirroring the proposal previously made to cover a failure to ratify the withdrawal agreement , which was approved by parliament on 24 october 20191. ### deleted


### 5. believes it to be in both parties’ mutual interests to establish an ambitious future economic partnership covering a wide number of sectors; underlines that , in any case , a level playing field must be ensured and eu standards safeguarded in order to avoid a ‘race to the bottom’ and the acquisition of unfair competitive advantages through the undercutting of levels of protection or other regulatory divergences; considers that any future framework should safeguard fair competition , investor and consumer protection , and the integrity of the single market , while respecting the eu’s regulatory regime and decision-making autonomy; ### 5. believes it to be in both parties’ mutual interests to establish an ambitious future economic partnership covering a wide number of sectors; underlines that , in any case , a level playing field must be ensured; considers that any future framework should safeguard fair competition , investor and consumer protection , and the integrity of the single market , while respecting the eu’s regulatory and decision-making autonomy;


### (ii) relevant tax matters , including the fight against tax evasion and avoidance and money laundering; ### (ii) relevant tax matters , including the fight against tax evasion and avoidance and money laundering and terrorism financing;


### 1. underlines that ai can be applied at different levels in vehicles and has an important impact on their autonomy and consequently on civil liability; ### 1. underlines that ai in vehicles is used in different levels of autonomy for automated driving systems , ranging from complete driver control to full autonomy and that , there is a sliding transfer of civil liability of the driver towards other parties , the greater the degree of autonomy of the automated driving systems;


### 1. considers that the challenge related to the introduction of ai-systems into society and the economy is one of the most important questions on the current political agenda; whereas technologies based on a i could improve our lives in almost every sector , from the personal sphere (e.g. personalised education , fitness programs) to global challenges (e.g. climate change , hunger and starvation); ### 1. considers that the challenge related to the introduction of ai-systems into society and the economy is one of the most important questions on the current political agenda; whereas technologies based on a i could improve our lives in almost every sector , from the personal sphere to global challenges;


### 2. firmly believes that in order to efficiently exploit the advantages and prevent potential misuses , principle-based and future-proof legislation across the eu for all ai-systems is crucial; is of the opinion that , while sector specific regulations for the broad range of possible applications are preferable , a horizontal legal framework based on common principles seems necessary to establish equal standards across the union and effectively protect our european values; ### 2. firmly believes that in order to efficiently exploit the advantages and prevent potential misuses , principle-based and future-proof legislation across the eu for all ai-systems is crucial; is of the opinion that , while sector specific regulations for the broad range of possible applications are preferable , a horizontal legal framework based on common principles seems necessary to establish equal standards across the union;


### 3. stresses the importance of defining a clear division of responsibilities between software developers , manufacturers of various components , service providers and operators and end users; ### 3. stresses the importance of defining a clear division of responsibilities between software developers , manufacturers of various components , service providers and operators and end users; stresses that ultimately a natural person must be responsible for the algorithm that guides ethical decisions of vehicles with high levels of automation;


### 5. believes that there is no need for a complete revision of the well-functioning liability regimes but that the complexity , connectivity , opacity , vulnerability and autonomy of ai-systems nevertheless represent a significant challenge; considers that specific adjustments are necessary to avoid a situation in which persons who suffer harm or whose property is damaged end up without compensation; ### 5. believes that the complexity , connectivity , opacity , vulnerability and autonomy of ai-systems nevertheless represent a significant challenge; considers that specific adjustments of the liability regimes are necessary to avoid a situation in which persons who suffer harm or whose property is damaged end up without compensation;


### 6. notes that all physical or virtual activities , devices or processes that are driven by ai-systems may technically be the direct or indirect cause of harm or damage , yet are always the result of someone building , deploying or interfering with the systems; is of the opinion that the opacity and autonomy of ai-systems could make it in practice very difficult or even impossible to trace back specific harmful actions of the ai-systems to specific human input or to decisions in the design; recalls that , in accordance with widely-accepted liability concepts , one is nevertheless able to circumvent this obstacle by making the persons who create , maintain or control the risk associated with the ai-system , accountable; ### 6. notes that all physical or virtual activities , devices or processes that are driven by ai-systems may technically be the direct or indirect cause of harm or damage , yet are overwhelmingly the result of someone building , deploying or interfering with the systems; is of the opinion that the opacity and autonomy of ai-systems could make it in practice very difficult or even impossible to trace back specific harmful actions of the ai-systems to specific human input or to decisions in the design; recalls that , in accordance with widely-accepted liability concepts , one is nevertheless able to circumvent this obstacle by making the persons who create , maintain or control the risk associated with the ai-system , accountable;


### 7. stresses the importance of ensuring that drivers are always fully aware of a vehicle’s level of automation and their level of liability: drivers should be informed about their vehicles’ ai systems and related limitations of such systems such as activation , deactivation , failure; moreover , in-vehicle features should periodically remind the driver that he or she is in charge of monitoring the vehicle status; ### 7. stresses the importance of ensuring that drivers are always fully aware of a vehicle’s level of automation and their level of liability: drivers should be informed about their vehicles’ ai systems and related limitations of such systems such as activation , deactivation , failure; moreover , in-vehicle features should periodically remind the driver that he or she is in charge of monitoring the vehicle status; stresses that drivers cannot be held liable when automatic driving assistance systems err if they are found to have lawfully used these systems.


### 15. recommends that all high-risk ai-systems be listed in an annex to the proposed regulation; recognises that , given the rapid technological change and the required technical expertise , it should be up to the commission to review that annex every six months and if necessary , amend it through a delegated act; believes that the commission should closely cooperate with a newly formed standing committee similar to the existing standing committee on precursors or the technical committee on motor vehicles , which include national experts of the member states and stakeholders; considers that the balanced membership of the ‘high-level expert group on artificial intelligence’ could serve as an example for the formation of the group of stakeholders; ### 15. recommends that all high-risk ai-systems be listed in an annex to the proposed regulation; recognises that , given the rapid technological change and the required technical expertise , it should be up to the commission to review that annex every three months and if necessary , amend it through a delegated act; believes that the commission should closely cooperate with a newly formed standing committee similar to the existing standing committee on precursors or the technical committee on motor vehicles , which include national experts of the member states and stakeholders; considers that the balanced membership of the ‘high-level expert group on artificial intelligence’ could serve as an example for the formation of the group of stakeholders;


### (5) any discussion about required changes in the existing legal framework should start with the clarification that ai-systems have neither legal personality nor human conscience , and that their sole task is to serve humanity. many ai-systems are also not so different from other technologies , which are sometimes based on even more complex software. ultimately , the large majority of ai-systems are used for handling trivial tasks without any risks for the society. there are however also ai-systems that are deployed in a critical manner and are based on neuronal networks and deep-learning processes. their opacity and autonomy could make it very difficult to trace back specific actions to specific human decisions in their design or in their operation. a deployer of such an ai-system might for instance argue that the physical or virtual activity , device or process causing the harm or damage was outside of his or her control because it was caused by an autonomous operation of his or her ai-system. the mere operation of an autonomous ai-system should at the same time not be a sufficient ground for admitting the liability claim. as a result , there might be liability cases in which a person who suffers harm or damage caused by an ai-system cannot prove the fault of the producer , of an interfering third party or of the deployer and ends up without compensation. ### (5) any discussion about required changes in the existing legal framework should start with the clarification that ai-systems have neither legal personality nor human conscience , and that their sole task is to serve humanity. many ai-systems are also not so different from other technologies , which are sometimes based on even more complex software. there are ai-systems that are deployed in a critical manner and are based on neuronal networks and deep-learning processes. their opacity and autonomy could make it very difficult to trace back specific actions to specific human decisions in their design or in their operation. a deployer of such an ai-system might for instance argue that the physical or virtual activity , device or process causing the harm or damage was outside of his or her control because it was caused by an autonomous operation of his or her ai-system. the mere operation of an autonomous ai-system should at the same time not be a sufficient ground for admitting the liability claim. as a result , there might be liability cases in which a person who suffers harm or damage caused by an ai-system cannot prove the fault of the producer , of an interfering third party or of the deployer and ends up without compensation.


### (6) nevertheless , it should always be clear that whoever creates , maintains , controls or interferes with the ai-system , should be accountable for the harm or damage that the activity , device or process causes. this follows from general and widely accepted liability concepts of justice according to which the person that creates a risk for the public is accountable if that risk materializes. consequently , the rise of ai-systems does not pose a need for a complete revision of liability rules throughout the union. specific adjustments of the existing legislation and very few new provisions would be sufficient to accommodate the ai-related challenges. ### (6) nevertheless , it should always be clear that whoever creates , maintains , controls or interferes with the ai-system , should be accountable for the harm or damage that the activity , device or process causes. this follows from general and widely accepted liability concepts of justice according to which the person that creates a risk for the public is accountable if that risk materializes. however , the increasing and rapid emergence of ai-systems is linked to the need to revise liability rules throughout the union. specific adjustments of the existing legislation and very few new provisions would not be enough to accommodate the ai-related challenges.


### 2. any agreement between a deployer of an ai-system and a natural or legal person who suffers harm or damage because of the ai-system , which circumvents or limits the rights and obligations set out in this regulation , whether concluded before or after the harm or damage has been caused , shall be deemed null and void. ### 2. any agreement between a deployer of an ai-system and a natural or legal person who suffers harm or damage because of the ai-system , which circumvents or limits the rights and obligations set out in this regulation , concluded before the harm or damage has been occurred , shall be deemed null and void.


### 3. this regulation is without prejudice to any additional liability claims resulting from contractual relationships between the deployer and the natural or legal person who suffered harm or damage because of the ai-system. ### 3. this regulation is without prejudice to any additional liability claims resulting from contractual relationships between the deployer and the natural or legal person who suffered harm or damage because of the ai-system and that may be brought against the deployer according to union or national law.


### ‘producer’ means the developer or the backend operator of an ai-system , or the producer as defined in article 3 of council directive 85/374/eec7 . ### ‘producer’ means the developer , servicer or the backend operator of an ai-system , or the producer as defined in article 3 of council directive 85/374/eec7 .


### up to a maximum total amount of eur ten million in the event of death or of harm caused to the health or physical integrity of one or several persons as the result of the same operation of the same high-risk ai-system; ### up to a total amount not less than eur ten million in the event of the death or of damage to the health or physical integrity of one or more persons resulting from the same high-risk ai-system;


### up to a maximum total amount of eur two million in the event of damage caused to property , including when several items of property of one or several persons were damaged as a result of the same operation of the same high-risk ai-system; where the affected person also holds a contractual liability claim against the deployer , no compensation shall be paid under this regulation if the total amount of the damage to property is of a value that falls below eur 500. ### up to a total amount not less of eur two million in the event of damage caused to property or data , including when several items of property of one or several persons were damaged as a result of the same operation of the same high-risk ai-system; where the affected person also holds a contractual liability claim against the deployer , no compensation shall be paid under this regulation if the total amount of the damage to property is of a value that falls below eur 100.


### 10 years from the date when the property damage occurred , or ### 15 years from the date when the property damage occurred , or


### 30 years from the date on which the operation of the high-risk ai-system that subsequently caused the property damage took place. ### 40 years from the date on which the operation of the high-risk ai-system that subsequently caused the property damage took place.


### 1. if the harm or damage is caused both by a physical or virtual activity , device or process driven by an ai-system and by the actions of an affected person or of any person for whom the affected person is responsible , the deployer’s extent of liability under this regulation shall be reduced accordingly. the deployer shall not be liable if the affected person or the person for whom he or she is responsible is solely or predominantly accountable for the harm or damage caused. ### 1. if the harm or damage is caused both by a physical or virtual activity , device or process driven by an ai-system and by the actions of an affected person or of any person for whom the affected person is responsible , the deployer’s extent of liability under this regulation shall be reduced accordingly. the deployer shall not be liable if the affected person or the person for whom he or she is responsible is solely accountable for the harm or damage caused.


### 2. stresses that the internal market remains one of the union’s greatest and most tangible achievements , bringing benefits to businesses , consumers and citizens across europe; further deepening the single market and developing the digital single market should be prioritised in the 2020 budget; ### 2. stresses that the internal market remains one of the union’s greatest and most tangible achievements , bringing benefits to businesses , including micro and small businesses , and to consumers and citizens across europe; further deepening the single market and developing the digital single market should be prioritised in the 2020 budget;


### 2. stresses that the internal market remains one of the union’s greatest and most tangible achievements , bringing benefits to businesses , consumers and citizens across europe; further deepening the single market and developing the digital single market should be prioritised in the 2020 budget; ### 2. stresses that the internal market remains one of the union’s greatest and most tangible achievements , bringing benefits to businesses , consumers and citizens across europe; further deepening the single market , reducing red tape that hampers the free movement of services , and developing the digital single market should be prioritised in the 2020 budget;


### 2. stresses that the internal market remains one of the union’s greatest and most tangible achievements , bringing benefits to businesses , consumers and citizens across europe; further deepening the single market and developing the digital single market should be prioritised in the 2020 budget; ### 2. stresses that the internal market remains one of the union’s greatest and most tangible achievements with actual impact on economic growth in the member states , bringing benefits to businesses , consumers and citizens across europe; further deepening the single market and developing the digital single market should be prioritised in the 2020 budget;


### 2. considers that important efforts have been made to increase sound scientific knowledge of marine biological resources. although knowledge has improved , we are still far from optimum in order to provide for an appropriate assessment; considers that union funds must therefore be increased for both international and member states’ scientific research organisations to further improve the evaluation of stocks. ### 2. considers that important efforts have been made to increase sound scientific knowledge of marine biological resources. although knowledge has improved , we are still far from optimum in order to provide for an appropriate assessment; considers that union funds must therefore be increased for both international and member states’ scientific research organisations to further improve the evaluation of stocks and contribute to sustainable fisheries.


### 2. considers that important efforts have been made to increase sound scientific knowledge of marine biological resources. although knowledge has improved , we are still far from optimum in order to provide for an appropriate assessment; considers that union funds must therefore be increased for both international and member states’ scientific research organisations to further improve the evaluation of stocks. ### 2. considers that important efforts have been made up to now to increase sound scientific knowledge of marine biological resources. although knowledge has improved , we are still far from optimum in order to provide for an appropriate assessment; considers that union funds must therefore be increased for both international and member states’ scientific research organisations to further improve the evaluation of stocks.


### 2. considers that important efforts have been made to increase sound scientific knowledge of marine biological resources. although knowledge has improved , we are still far from optimum in order to provide for an appropriate assessment; considers that union funds must therefore be increased for both international and member states’ scientific research organisations to further improve the evaluation of stocks. ### 2. considers that important efforts have been made to increase sound scientific knowledge of marine biological resources. although knowledge has improved , we are still far from optimum in order to provide for an appropriate assessment; considers that union funds must therefore be sufficient for both international and member states’ scientific research organisations to further improve the evaluation of stocks.


### 3. underlines the importance of a robust consumer policy that gives protection and predictability to consumers both offline and online , and confidence to businesses to provide their goods and services across the internal market; ### 3. underlines the importance of a robust and efficiently executed consumer policy that gives protection and predictability to consumers both offline and online , and confidence to businesses to provide their goods and services across the internal market;


### 3. points out that more than half of the union’s supply of fisheries products come from international waters and the exclusive economic zones of third countries; considers that adequate and reliable budgetary provisions must be calculated in the annual budget for 2020 in order to comply with the international fisheries agreement obligations and developing the union's participation in regional fisheries management organisations. ### 3. points out that more than half of the union’s supply of fisheries products come from international waters and/or the exclusive economic zones of third countries; considers that adequate and reliable budgetary provisions must be calculated in the annual budget for 2020 in order to comply with the international fisheries agreement obligations and developing the union's participation in regional fisheries management organisations.


### 3. calls for adequate resources for the european supervisory authorities (esas) in view of their new tasks; underlines that the esas should continue to increase their efficiency without compromising on the quality of their work with a focus on continuous re-assessment of working methods and of effective use of human and financial resources; emphasises that the esas must stick to the tasks and to the mandate assigned to them by the european legislator; ### 3. calls for adequate resources for the european supervisory authorities (esas) in view of their new tasks; calls for a thorough assessment and rationalisation of the new tasks assigned to them to ensure appropriate budgetary allocations only; underlines that the esas should continue to increase their efficiency without compromising on the quality of their work with a focus on continuous re-assessment of working methods and of effective use of human and financial resources; emphasises that the esas must stick to the tasks and to the mandate assigned to them by the european legislator;


### 4. stresses the importance of appropriately financing the transition to a fully automated customs operation , in the interests of greater efficiency for european companies and streamlined protection for consumers; ### 4. stresses the importance of appropriately financing the transition to a fully automated customs operation , in the interests of greater competitiveness for european companies and streamlined protection for consumers;


### 4. recalls that aquaculture is becoming an important element in the objective to cope with increasing consumption of fisheries products in the union. ### 4. recalls that aquaculture is becoming an important element in the objective to cope with increasing consumption of fisheries products in the union. considers that the union must ring-fence more funds , as aquaculture is an innovative economic sector and the fastest growing food production activity;


### 6. reiterates the importance of coastal and small artisanal fleet emphasises that sector represents nearly 75 % of all fishing vessels registered in the union and nearly half of all employment in the fisheries sector; notes that operators from small-scale coastal fisheries are dependent on healthy fish stocks for their main source of income. ### 6. reiterates the importance of funding for small artisanal fleets that represent nearly 75 % of all fishing vessels registered in the union and employ nearly half of those working in the fisheries sector; calls for an increase in funding earmarked for these activities;


### 6. reiterates the importance of coastal and small artisanal fleet emphasises that sector represents nearly 75 % of all fishing vessels registered in the union and nearly half of all employment in the fisheries sector; notes that operators from small-scale coastal fisheries are dependent on healthy fish stocks for their main source of income. ### 6. reiterates the importance of coastal and small artisanal fleet; emphasises that sector represents nearly 75 % of all fishing vessels registered in the union and nearly half of all employment in the fisheries sector; notes that operators from small-scale coastal fisheries are dependent on healthy fish stocks for their main source of income. considers , therefore , that the union must ring-fence more funds for this category of fisheries;


### 6. reiterates the importance of coastal and small artisanal fleet emphasises that sector represents nearly 75 % of all fishing vessels registered in the union and nearly half of all employment in the fisheries sector; notes that operators from small-scale coastal fisheries are dependent on healthy fish stocks for their main source of income. ### 6. reiterates the importance of coastal , island and small artisanal fleet; emphasises that sector represents nearly 75 % of all fishing vessels registered in the union and nearly half of all employment in the fisheries sector; notes that operators from small-scale coastal fisheries are dependent on healthy fish stocks for their main source of income.


### 7. calls on the commission and member states to help communities that depend on fisheries to diversify their economies into other maritime activities such as tourism , and help them to add more value to their fishing activities. ### 7. calls on the commission and member states to help communities that depend on fisheries to diversify their economies into other maritime activities such as tourism , and help them to add more value to their fishing activities by providing the necessary incentives for example;


### 7. calls on the commission and member states to help communities that depend on fisheries to diversify their economies into other maritime activities such as tourism , and help them to add more value to their fishing activities. ### 7. calls on the commission and member states to help communities that depend on fisheries to diversify their economies into other complementary activities such as tourism , and help them to add more value to their fishing activities.


### 9. highlights that the european fisheries control agency (efca) plays a fundamental role in coordinating and implementing the cfp; points out that this should be reflected in its budget. ### 9. points out that the european fisheries control agency (efca) plays a fundamental role in coordinating and implementing the cfp and that funding should accordingly be maintained at current levels;


### 10. draws attention to the decision of the united kingdom to leave the union which will have an impact on the implementation of the 2014-2020 emff; points out that “brexit” means that the utmost importance needs to be given to the establishment of a new financial budgetary framework for the period 2021-2027; considers that a higher degree of additional flexibility of the union budget is necessary to cope with the new situation. ### 10. draws attention to the decision of the united kingdom to leave the union which will have a certain impact on the implementation of the 2014-2020 emff; considers that greater flexibility of the union budget , accompanied by adequate support measures to offset the adverse impact of brexit on the fisheries sector will accordingly be necessary;


### 1. calls for the 2020 budget to contribute to the fulfilment of the priorities outlined in the european semester , namely to deliver high-quality investment and reforms that increase productivity growth , continuing to ensure macro-financial stability and sound public finances , and deepening the single market , as well as the completion of the economic and monetary union (emu); ### 1. calls for the 2020 budget to contribute to the fulfilment of the priorities outlined in the european semester , namely to deliver high-quality investment and reforms that increase productivity growth , continuing to ensure macro-financial stability and sound public finances , and deepening the single market , as well as the completion of the economic and monetary union (emu); recalls that structural reforms are integral to fulfilling these priorities;


### 5. highlights that special importance should be granted in the 2020 budget to the financial resources designated to help the fleet to a smooth implementation of the landing obligation schemes. ### 5. highlights that special importance should be granted in the 2020 budget to the financial resources designated to help the fleet comply fully and more easily with landing obligation provisions , all of which are now in force;


### 8. remarks that the adoption of the current multiannual plans and the implementation of new technical measures to contribute to achieving fishing at sustainable levels requires a robust control policy supported by adequate funds. ### 8. remarks that the adoption of the current multiannual plans and the implementation of new technical measures to contribute to achieving fishing at sustainable levels requires a robust control policy supported by adequate funds. considers , therefore , that the union must ring-fence more funds for the preparation and implementation of multiannual plans;


### 8. remarks that the adoption of the current multiannual plans and the implementation of new technical measures to contribute to achieving fishing at sustainable levels requires a robust control policy supported by adequate funds. ### 8. emphasises strongly that the adoption of new multiannual plans (map) , accompanied by restrictions for the protection of fisheries resources (e.g. reduction of fishing days , geographical and temporal limitations etc.) , requires significant injections of funding to keep undertakings afloat and prevent job losses;


### 11. highlights that , six years after the adoption of the current fund , the level of implementation of the 2014-2020 emff is very low and that commission and member states must speed up the management and control processes and alleviate the administrative burdens to ensure appropriate and timely benefits to the sector. ### 11. notes that , six years after the adoption of the current fund , the level of implementation of the 2014-2020 emff is still very low and that it is therefore necessary to simplify the arrangements as much as possible , while maintaining effective control over public expenditure to ensure appropriate and timely benefits to the sector and implement the cfp more effectively;


### (6) regulation (eu) 2016/64621 introduced the dates of application of the rde test procedure , as well as the compliance criteria for rde. for that purpose , pollutant-specific conformity factors were used to take account of statistical and technical uncertainties of the measurements conducted by means of portable emission measurement systems (pems). ### (6) regulation (eu) 2016/6469 introduced the dates of application of the rde test procedure , as well as the compliance criteria for rde. for that purpose , pollutant-specific conformity factors were introduced , and separate error margins were used to take account of statistical and technical uncertainties of the measurements conducted by means of portable emission measurement systems (pems).


### (6) regulation (eu) 2016/64621 introduced the dates of application of the rde test procedure , as well as the compliance criteria for rde. for that purpose , pollutant-specific conformity factors were used to take account of statistical and technical uncertainties of the measurements conducted by means of portable emission measurement systems (pems). ### (6) regulation (eu) 2016/64621 introduced the dates of application of the rde test procedure , as well as the compliance criteria for rde. for that purpose , pollutant-specific conformity factors (including margins of error) were used to take account of statistical and technical uncertainties of the measurements conducted by means of portable emission measurement systems (pems).