### ' following consultation with the operator , member states may exclude from the community scheme installations which have reported to the competent authority emissions of less than 25 000 tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent and , where they carry out combustion activities , have a rated thermal input below 35 mw , excluding emissions from biomass , in each of the three years preceding the notification under point , and which are subject to measures that will achieve an equivalent contribution to emission reductions , if the member state concerned complies with the following conditions : it notifies the commission of each such installation , specifying the equivalent measures applying to that installation that will achieve an equivalent contribution to emission reductions that are in place , before the list of installations pursuant to article 11 has to be submitted and at the latest when this list is submitted to the commission ; it confirms that monitoring arrangements are in place to assess whether any installation emits 25 000 tonnes or more of carbon dioxide equivalent , excluding emissions from biomass , in any one calendar year . member states may allow simplified monitoring , reporting and verification measures for installations with average annual verified emissions between 2008 and 2010 which are below 5 000 tonnes a year , in accordance with article 14 ; it confirms that if any installation emits 25 000 tonnes or more of carbon dioxide equivalent , excluding emissions from biomass , in any one calendar year or the measures applying to that installation that will achieve an equivalent contribution to emission reductions are no longer in place , the installation will be reintroduced into the community scheme ; it publishes the information referred to in points , and for public comment . hospitals may also be excluded if they undertake equivalent measures . ' ### in article 27 , paragraph 1 is replaced by the following : ' following consultation with the operator , member states may exclude from the eu ets installations which have reported to the competent authority emissions of less than 50 000 tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent , excluding emissions from biomass , in each of the three years preceding the notification under point , and which are subject to measures that will achieve an equivalent contribution to emission reductions , if the member state concerned complies with the following conditions : it notifies the commission of each such installation , specifying the equivalent measures applying to that installation that will achieve an equivalent contribution to emission reductions that are in place , before the list of installations pursuant to article 11 has to be submitted and at the latest when this list is submitted to the commission ; it confirms that monitoring arrangements are in place to assess whether any installation emits 50 000 tonnes or more of carbon dioxide equivalent , excluding emissions from biomass , in any one calendar year . member states may allow simplified monitoring , reporting and verification measures for installations with average annual verified emissions between 2008 and 2010 which are below 5 000 tonnes a year , in accordance with article 14 ; it confirms that if any installation emits 50 000 tonnes or more of carbon dioxide equivalent , excluding emissions from biomass , in any one calendar year or the measures applying to that installation that will achieve an equivalent contribution to emission reductions are no longer in place , the installation will be reintroduced into the eu ets ; it makes the information referred to in points , and available to the public . hospitals may also be excluded if they undertake equivalent measures . '


### the existing provisions which are in place for small installations to be excluded from the eu ets allow the installations which are excluded to remain so , and it should be made possible for member states to update their list of excluded installations and for member states currently not making use of this option to do so at the beginning of each trading period . ### the existing provisions which are in place for small installations to be excluded from the eu ets should be extended to cover installations emitting less than 50 , 000 tonnes of co2 equivalent in each of the three years preceding the year of application for exclusion . it should be made possible for member states to update their list of excluded installations and for member states currently not making use of this option to do so at the beginning of each trading period and halfway through the period . it should also be possible for installations emitting less than 5 , 000 tonnes of co2 equivalent in each of the three years preceding the beginning of each trading period to be excluded from the eu ets subject to revision every five years .


### in order to respect the auctioning share set out in article 10 , the sum of free allocations in every year where the sum of free allocations does not reach the maximum level that respects the member state auctioning share , the remaining allowances up to that level shall be used to prevent or limit reduction of free allocations to respect the member state auctioning share in later years . where , nonetheless , the maximum level is reached , free allocations shall be adjusted accordingly . any such adjustment shall be done in a uniform manner . ### where the sum of free allocations in a given year does not reach the maximum level that respects the member state auctioning share , the remaining allowances up to that level shall be used to prevent or limit the reduction of free allocations in subsequent years . where , however , the maximum level is reached , an amount of allowances equivalent to a reduction of up to two percentage points of the share of allowances to be auctioned by member states , pursuant to article 10 , shall be distributed free of charge to sectors and sub - sectors pursuant to article 10b . where , nonetheless , this reduction is insufficient to meet the demand of sectors or sub - sectors pursuant to article 10b , free allocations shall be adjusted accordingly by a uniform cross sectoral correction factor .


### in order to respect the auctioning share set out in article 10 , the sum of free allocations in every year where the sum of free allocations does not reach the maximum level that respects the member state auctioning share , the remaining allowances up to that level shall be used to prevent or limit reduction of free allocations to respect the member state auctioning share in later years . where , nonetheless , the maximum level is reached , free allocations shall be adjusted accordingly . any such adjustment shall be done in a uniform manner . ### in order to respect the auctioning share set out in article 10 , the sum of free allocations in every year where the sum of free allocations does not reach the maximum level that respects the member state auctioning share , the remaining allowances up to that level shall be used to prevent or limit reduction of free allocations to respect the member state auctioning share in later years . where , nonetheless , the maximum level is reached and the allocations from the reserve referred to in paragraph 7 are used up , free allocations shall be adjusted accordingly . any such adjustment shall be done in a uniform manner , excluding unavoidable process - related emissions , which are not subject to adjustment .


### in article 3d , the second subparagraph is replaced by the following : ' the commission shall be empowered to adopt a delegated act in accordance with article 23 . ' ; ### in article 3d , paragraph 3 is replaced by the following : ' 3 . the commission is empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with article 30b to supplement this directive and concerning the detailed arrangements for the auctioning by member states of allowances not required to be issued free of charge in accordance with paragraphs 1 and 2 of this article or article 3f . the number of allowances to be auctioned in each period by each member state shall be proportionate to its share of the total attributed aviation emissions for all member states for the reference year reported pursuant to article 14 and verified pursuant to article 15 . for the period referred to in article 3c , the reference year shall be 2010 and for each subsequent period referred to in article 3c the reference year shall be the calendar year ending 24 months before the start of the period to which the auction relates . '


### the main long - term incentive from this directive for the capture and storage of co2 , new renewable energy technologies and breakthrough innovation in low - carbon technologies and processes is the carbon price signal it creates and that allowances will not need to be surrendered for co2 emissions which are permanently stored or avoided . in addition , to supplement the resources already being used to accelerate demonstration of commercial ccs facilities and innovative renewable energy technologies , eu ets allowances should be used to provide guaranteed rewards for deployment of ccs facilities , new renewable energy technologies and industrial innovation in low - carbon technologies and processes in the union for co2 stored or avoided on a sufficient scale , provided an agreement on knowledge sharing is in place . the majority of this support should be dependent on verified avoidance of greenhouse gas emissions , while some support may be given when pre - determined milestones are reached taking into account the technology deployed . the maximum percentage of project costs to be supported may vary by category of project . ### the main long - term incentive from this directive for carbon capture and storage or carbon capture and use , new renewable energy technologies and breakthrough innovation in low - carbon technologies and processes is the carbon price signal it creates and that allowances will not need to be surrendered for co2 emissions which are permanently stored , reused in industrial processes or avoided . in addition , to supplement the resources already being used to accelerate demonstration of commercial ccs / ccu facilities and innovative renewable energy technologies , eu ets allowances should be used to provide guaranteed rewards for deployment of ccs / ccu facilities , new renewable energy technologies and industrial innovation in low - carbon technologies and processes in the union for co2 stored , reused or avoided on a sufficient scale , provided an agreement on knowledge sharing is in place . this support should be dependent on verified avoidance of greenhouse gas emissions or when pre - determined milestones are reached taking into account the technology deployed . the maximum percentage of project costs to be supported may vary by category of project .


### the investment board shall elect a representative from the commission as chairman . the investment board shall strive to take decisions by consensus . if the investment board is not able to decide by consensus within a deadline set by the chairman , the investment board shall take a decision by simple majority . ### the advisory board shall elect a representative from the commission as chairman . the advisory board shall strive to take decisions by consensus . if the investment board is not able to decide by consensus within a deadline set by the chairman , the investment board shall take a decision by simple majority .


### the commission shall be empowered to adopt a delegated act in accordance with article 23 to implement this article . ### the commission is empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with article 30b to supplement this directive and concerning the detailed arrangements for the effective functioning of the modernisation fund . this subparagraph shall not apply to paragraph 2 .


### the benchmark values for free allocation shall be adjusted in order to avoid windfall profits and reflect technological progress in the period between 2007 - 8 and each later period for which free allocations are determined in accordance with article 11 . this adjustment shall reduce the benchmark values set by the act adopted pursuant to article 10a by 1 % of the value that was set based on 2007 - 8 data in respect of each year between 2008 and the middle of the relevant period of free allocation , unless : ### in defining the principles for setting ex - ante benchmarks in individual sectors or subsectors for the years 2021 - 2030 , the starting point shall be the average performance of the 20 % most efficient installations in a sector or subsector in the community in the years 2013 - 2017 .


### ensure that only projects which contribute to the diversification of their energy mix and sources of supply , the necessary restructuring , environmental upgrading and retrofitting of the infrastructure , clean technologies and modernisation of the energy production , transmission and distribution sectors are eligible to bid ; ### ensure that only projects which contribute to the diversification of their energy mix and sources of supply , the necessary restructuring , environmental upgrading and retrofitting of the infrastructure , clean technologies or modernisation of the energy production , transmission and distribution sectors are eligible to bid ;


### by derogation from article 10a to , member states which had in 2013 a gdp per capita in &#8364 ; at market prices below 60% of the union average may give a transitional free allocation to installations for electricity production for the modernisation of the energy sector . ### by way of derogation from article 10a to , member states which had in 2013 a gdp per capita in eur at market prices below 60% of the union average may give transitional free allocation to installations for electricity generation for the modernisation of the energy sector .


### member states shall require benefiting electricity generators and network operators to report by 28 february of each year on the implementation of their selected investments . member states shall report on this to the commission , and the commission shall make such reports public . ### member states shall require benefiting electricity generators and network operators to report by 31 march of each year on the implementation of their selected investments . member states shall report on this to the commission , and the commission shall make such reports public .


### it is a key union priority to establish a resilient energy union to provide secure , sustainable , competitive and affordable energy to its citizens . achieving this requires continuation of ambitious climate action with the eu ets as the cornerstone of europe’s climate policy , and progress on the other aspects of energy union17 . implementing the ambition decided in the 2030 framework contributes to delivering a meaningful carbon price and continuing to stimulate cost - efficient greenhouse gas emission reductions . __________________ 17 com80 , establishing a framework strategy for a resilient energy union with a forward - looking climate change policy ### it is a key union priority to establish a resilient energy union to provide secure , sustainable , competitive and affordable energy to its citizens . achieving this while continuing ambitious climate action with the eu ets as the cornerstone of europe’s climate policy , and progress on the other aspects of energy union17 , requires that measures be put in place to reduce the negative impact of climate policy on the security of energy supplies , on energy poverty and on the competitiveness of european industry . __________________ 17 com80 , establishing a framework strategy for a resilient energy union with a forward - looking climate change policy


### ensure that only projects which contribute to the diversification of their energy mix and sources of supply , the necessary restructuring , environmental upgrading and retrofitting of the infrastructure , clean technologies and modernisation of the energy production , transmission and distribution sectors are eligible to bid ; ### ensure that are eligible to bid only projects which contribute to : - the diversification of their energy mix and sources of supply , - the necessary restructuring , environmental upgrading and retrofitting of the infrastructure , - clean technologies , - use of cogeneration and / or - modernisation of the energy production , transmission and distribution sectors ;


### 400 million allowances shall be available to support innovation in low - carbon technologies and processes in industrial sectors listed in annex i , and to help stimulate the construction and operation of commercial demonstration projects that aim at the environmentally safe capture and geological storage of co2 as well as demonstration projects of innovative renewable energy technologies , in the territory of the union . ### 400 million allowances shall be available to support innovation in low - carbon technologies and processes in industrial sectors listed in annex i , for energy - efficient district heating and cogeneration , and to help stimulate the construction and operation of commercial demonstration projects that aim at the environmentally safe capture and geological storage and use in industrial processes of co2 as well as demonstration projects of innovative renewable energy technologies , in the territory of the union .


### the european council confirmed that a well - functioning , reformed eu ets with an instrument to stabilise the market will be the main european instrument to achieve this target , with an annual reduction factor of 2 . 2% from 2021 onwards , free allocation not expiring but existing measures continuing after 2020 to prevent the risk of carbon leakage due to climate policy , as long as no comparable efforts are undertaken in other major economies , without reducing the share of allowances to be auctioned . the auction share should be expressed as a percentage figure in the legislation , to enhance planning certainty as regards investment decisions , to increase transparency and to render the overall system simpler and more easily understandable . ### the european council confirmed that a well - functioning , reformed eu ets with an instrument to stabilise the market will be the main european instrument to achieve this target , with an annual linear reduction factor of 2 . 2% from 2021 onwards , free allocation not expiring but existing measures continuing after 2020 to prevent the risk of carbon leakage due to climate policy , as long as no comparable efforts are undertaken in other major economies , without reducing the share of allowances to be auctioned . the auction share should be expressed as a percentage figure in the legislation , to enhance planning certainty as regards investment decisions , to increase transparency and to render the overall system simpler and more easily understandable .


### the fund shall also finance small - scale investment projects in the modernisation of energy systems and energy efficiency . to this end , the investment board shall develop guidelines and investment selection criteria specific to such projects . ### the fund shall also finance small - scale investment projects in the modernisation of energy systems and energy efficiency . to this end , the beneficiary member states shall develop national rules and investment selection criteria specific to such projects based on the guidance from the commission . the national rules shall be communicated to the commission and be subject to public consultation before their adoption and publication . for the purpose of this paragraph a small - scale investment project means a project funded through loans provided by a national promotional bank or through grants contributing to the implementation of a national programme serving specific objectives that are in line with those of the modernisation fund , of a total amount not exceeding eur 20 million and provided that not more than 20% of the member states ' share set out in annex iib is used .


### ensure that only projects which contribute to the diversification of their energy mix and sources of supply , the necessary restructuring , environmental upgrading and retrofitting of the infrastructure , clean technologies and modernisation of the energy production , transmission and distribution sectors are eligible to bid ; ### ensure that only projects which contribute to at least one of the following goals are eligible to bid : the diversification of their energy mix and sources of supply , the strengthening of energy security , the reduction of energy poverty , the necessary restructuring , environmental upgrading and retrofitting of the infrastructure , clean technologies and modernisation of the energy production , transmission and distribution sectors ;


### a modernisation fund should be established from 2% of the total eu ets allowances , and auctioned in accordance with the rules and modalities for auctions taking place on the common auction platform set out in regulation 1031 / 2010 . member states who in 2013 had a gdp per capita at market exchange rates of below 60% below the union average should be eligible for funding from the modernisation fund and derogate up to 2030 from the principle of full auctioning for electricity generation by using the option of free allocation in order to transparently promote real investments modernising their energy sector while avoiding distortions of the internal energy market . the rules for governing the modernisation fund should provide a coherent , comprehensive and transparent framework to ensure the most efficient implementation possible , taking into account the need for easy access by all participants . the function of the governance structure should be commensurate with the purpose of ensuring the appropriate use of the funds . that governance structure should be composed of an investment board and a management committee and due account should be taken of the expertise of the eib in the decision - making process unless support is provided to small projects through loans from a national promotional banks or through grants via a national programme sharing the objectives of the modernisation fund . investments financed from the fund should be proposed by the member states . to ensure that the investment needs in low income member states are adequately addressed , the distribution of funds will take into account in equal shares verified emissions and gdp criteria . the financial assistance from the modernisation fund could be provided through different forms . ### a modernisation fund should be established from 2% of the total eu ets allowances , and should be sold at auction by the european investment bank in accordance with the rules and modalities for auctions taking place on the common auction platform set out in regulation 1031 / 2010 . member states who in 2013 had a gdp per capita at market exchange rates of below 60% below the union average should be eligible for funding from the modernisation fund and derogate up to 2030 from the principle of full auctioning for electricity generation by using the option of free allocation in order to transparently promote real investments modernising their energy sector while avoiding distortions of the internal energy market . the rules for governing the modernisation fund should provide a coherent , comprehensive and transparent framework to ensure the most efficient implementation possible , taking into account the need for easy access by all participants . the function of the governance structure should be commensurate with the purpose of ensuring the appropriate use of the funds . member states , as the beneficiaries of the fund , should be supported by an advisory board , and due account should be taken of the expertise of the eib in the decision - making process unless support is provided to small projects through loans from a national promotional banks or through grants via a national programme sharing the objectives of the modernisation fund . investments financed from the fund should be proposed by the member states . to ensure that the investment needs in low income member states are adequately addressed , the distribution of funds will take into account in equal shares verified emissions and gdp criteria . the financial assistance from the modernisation fund could be provided through different forms .


### ' following consultation with the operator , member states may exclude from the community scheme installations which have reported to the competent authority emissions of less than 25 000 tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent and , where they carry out combustion activities , have a rated thermal input below 35 mw , excluding emissions from biomass , in each of the three years preceding the notification under point , and which are subject to measures that will achieve an equivalent contribution to emission reductions , if the member state concerned complies with the following conditions : it notifies the commission of each such installation , specifying the equivalent measures applying to that installation that will achieve an equivalent contribution to emission reductions that are in place , before the list of installations pursuant to article 11 has to be submitted and at the latest when this list is submitted to the commission ; it confirms that monitoring arrangements are in place to assess whether any installation emits 25 000 tonnes or more of carbon dioxide equivalent , excluding emissions from biomass , in any one calendar year . member states may allow simplified monitoring , reporting and verification measures for installations with average annual verified emissions between 2008 and 2010 which are below 5 000 tonnes a year , in accordance with article 14 ; it confirms that if any installation emits 25 000 tonnes or more of carbon dioxide equivalent , excluding emissions from biomass , in any one calendar year or the measures applying to that installation that will achieve an equivalent contribution to emission reductions are no longer in place , the installation will be reintroduced into the community scheme ; it publishes the information referred to in points , and for public comment . hospitals may also be excluded if they undertake equivalent measures . ' ### in article 27 , paragraph 1 is replaced by the following : ' following consultation with the operator , member states may exclude from the eu ets installations which have reported to the competent authority emissions of less than 50 000 tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent , excluding emissions from biomass , in each of the three years preceding the notification under point , and which are subject to measures that will achieve an equivalent contribution to emission reductions , if the member state concerned complies with the following conditions : it notifies the commission of each such installation , specifying the equivalent measures applying to that installation that will achieve an equivalent contribution to emission reductions that are in place , before the list of installations pursuant to article 11 has to be submitted and at the latest when this list is submitted to the commission ; it confirms that monitoring arrangements are in place to assess whether any installation emits 50 000 tonnes or more of carbon dioxide equivalent , excluding emissions from biomass , in any one calendar year . member states may allow simplified monitoring , reporting and verification measures for installations with average annual verified emissions between 2008 and 2010 which are below 5 000 tonnes a year , in accordance with article 14 ; it confirms that if any installation emits 50 000 tonnes or more of carbon dioxide equivalent , excluding emissions from biomass , in any one calendar year or the measures applying to that installation that will achieve an equivalent contribution to emission reductions are no longer in place , the installation will be reintroduced into the eu ets ; it makes the information referred to in points , and available to the public . hospitals may also be excluded if they undertake equivalent measures . '


### member states should partially compensate , in accordance with state aid rules , certain installations in sectors or sub - sectors which have been determined to be exposed to a significant risk of carbon leakage because of costs related to greenhouse gas emissions passed on in electricity prices . the protocol and accompanying decisions adopted by the conference of the parties in paris need to provide for the dynamic mobilisation of climate finance , technology transfer and capacity building for eligible parties , particularly those with least capabilities . public sector climate finance will continue to play an important role in mobilising resources after 2020 . therefore , auction revenues should also be used for climate financing actions in vulnerable third countries , including adaptation to the impacts of climate . the amount of climate finance to be mobilised will also depend on the ambition and quality of the proposed intended nationally determined contributions , subsequent investment plans and national adaptation planning processes . member states should also use auction revenues to promote skill formation and reallocation of labour affected by the transition of jobs in a decarbonising economy . ### member states may partially compensate , in accordance with state aid rules , certain installations in sectors or sub - sectors which have been determined to be exposed to a significant risk of carbon leakage because of costs related to greenhouse gas emissions passed on in electricity prices . public sector climate finance will continue to play an important role in mobilising resources after 2020 . therefore , auction revenues should also be used for climate financing actions in vulnerable third countries , including adaptation to the impacts of climate change . the amount of climate finance to be mobilised will also depend on the ambition and quality of the proposed indcs , subsequent investment plans and national adaptation planning processes . member states should also use auction revenues to promote skill formation and reallocation of labour affected by the transition of jobs in a decarbonising economy .


### for reasons of transparency and in order to strengthen the scrutiny and the democratic accountability of european political parties and the link between european civil society and the union institutions , in particular the european parliament , access to funding from the general budget of the european union should be made conditional upon the publication by the member parties of the programme and logo of the european political party concerned , as well as information regarding the gender representation among the candidates at the last elections to the european parliament and among the members of the european parliament . ### for reasons of transparency and in order to strengthen the scrutiny and the democratic accountability of european political parties and the link between european civil society and the union institutions , in particular the european parliament , access to funding from the general budget of the european union should be made conditional upon the publication by the majority of its member parties of the programme and logo of the european political party concerned .


### –95 % shall be distributed in proportion to their share of elected members of the european parliament among the beneficiary european political parties . ### –90 % shall be distributed in proportion to their share of elected members of the european parliament among the beneficiary european political parties .


### –5 % shall be distributed in equal shares among the beneficiary european political parties , ### –10 % shall be distributed in equal shares among the beneficiary european political parties ,


### a european political party shall include in its application evidence demonstrating that its member parties have continuously published on their websites , during 12 months preceding the moment at which the applications is made , the political programme and logo of the european political party as well as information , in relation to each of the member parties of the european political party , on the gender representation among the candidates at the last elections to the european parliament and among the members of the european parliament . ### a european political party shall include in its application evidence demonstrating that the majority of its member partiesand in any event a minimum of seven of them have continuously published on their websites , during 12 months preceding the moment at which the applications is made , the political programme and logo of the european political party as well as information , in relation to each of the member parties of the european political party , on the gender representation among the candidates at the last elections to the european parliament and among the members of the european parliament .


### in view of the fact that the access of third country goods and services to the public procurement market of the union falls within the scope of the common commercial policy , member states and their contracting authorities and contracting entities should not be able to restrict the access of third country goods or services to their tendering procedures by any other measure than those provided for in this regulation . ### in view of the fact that the access of third country goods and services to the public procurement market of the union falls within the scope of the common commercial policy , member states and their contracting authorities and contracting entities should not be able to restrict the access of third country goods or services to their tendering procedures by any other measure than those provided for in this regulation . notwithstanding , the member states should be able to provide for the use of the competitive procedure with negotiation or the competitive dialogue in various situations where the classic open or restricted procedures without negotiations are unlikely to deliver satisfactory outcomes .


### in order to facilitate the return to work following parental leave , workers and employers should be encouraged to maintain contact during the period of leave and may make arrangements for any appropriate reintegration measures , to be decided between the parties concerned , taking into account national law , collective agreements and practice ### in order to facilitate the return to work following parental leave , workers and employers should be encouraged to make arrangements for any appropriate reintegration measures , to be decided between the parties concerned , taking into account national law , collective agreements and practice


### work - life balance remains however a considerable challenge for many parents and workers with caring responsibilities , with a negative impact on female employment . a major factor contributing to the underrepresentation of women in the labour market is the difficulty of balancing work and family obligations . when they have children , women tend to work less hours in paid employment and spend more time fulfilling unpaid care responsibilities . having an ill or dependent relative has also been shown to have a negative impact on female employment , leading some women to drop out of the labour market entirely . ### work - life balance remains however a considerable challenge for many parents and workers involved in caring for children and the elderly , which has consequences for female employment . a major factor contributing to the lesser representation of women in the labour market is the difficulty of balancing work and family obligations . when they have children , women tend to work less hours in paid employment and spend more time fulfilling irreplaceable and invaluable care responsibilities for children and the elderly . having an ill or dependent relative has also been shown to influence female employment , leading some women to drop out of the labour market entirely . maternity leave is a mother’s inalienable right to care for her newborn child and to recover after giving birth .


### in order to encourage a more equal sharing of caring responsibilities between women and men , the right to paternity leave for fathers to be taken on the occasion of the birth of a child should be introduced . in order to take account of differences among member states , the right to paternity leave should be irrespective of marital or family status as defined in national law . ### in order to encourage a more equal sharing of caring responsibilities between women and men , the right to paternity leave for fathers to be taken within the first two years of a child’s life , preferably on the occasion of the birth or adoption of a child should be introduced . in order to take account of differences among member states , the right to paternity leave should be irrespective of marital or family status as defined in national law . in order to deter potential abuse , the member states should be able to introduce a requirement of a minimum period of service before a worker is entitled to benefit from that right , with a maximum duration of one year .


### member states shall take the necessary measures to ensure that fathers have the right to take paternity leave of at least ten working days on the occasion of the birth of a child . ### member states shall take the necessary measures to ensure that fathers have the right to take paternity leave of at least ten working days within the first year of a child ' s life , preferably on the occasion of the birth or adoption of a child .


### in order to provide greater possibility for parents to use parental leave as their children grow up , the right to parental leave should be granted until the child is at least twelve years old . member states should be able to specify the period of notice to be given by the worker to the employer when applying for parental leave and to decide whether the right to parental leave may be subject to a certain period of service . in view of the growing diversity of contractual arrangements , the sum of successive fixed - term contracts with the same employer should be taken into account for the purpose of calculating the period of service . to balance the needs of workers with those of employers , member states should also be able to decide whether they define if the employer may be allowed to postpone the granting of parental leave under certain circumstances . in such cases , the employer should provide justification for the postponement . given that flexibility makes it more likely that second parents , in particular fathers , will take up their entitlement to such leave , workers should be able to request to take parental leave on a full - time or part - time basis or in other flexible forms . it should be up to the employer whether or not to accept such a request for parental leave in other flexible forms than full - time . member states should also assess if the conditions and detailed arrangements of parental leave should be adapted to the specific needs of parents in particularly disadvantaged situations . ### in order to provide greater possibility for parents to use parental leave as their children grow up , the right to parental leave should be granted until the child is at least eight years old . member states should be able to specify taking into account in particular the constraints of micro , small and medium - sized businesses , a reasonable period of notice to be given by the worker to the employer when applying for parental leave . in order to deter potential abuse , the member states should be able to introduce a requirement of a minimum period of service before a worker is entitled to benefit from that right , with a maximum duration of one year . in view of the growing diversity of contractual arrangements , the sum of successive fixed - term contracts with the same employer should be taken into account for the purpose of calculating the period of service . to balance the needs of workers with those of employers , member states should also be able to decide whether they define if the employer may be allowed to postpone the granting of parental leave under certain circumstances . in such cases , the employer should provide justification for the postponement . given that flexibility makes it more likely that second parents , in particular fathers , will take up their entitlement to such leave , workers should be able to request to take parental leave on a full - time or part - time basis or in other flexible forms . it should be up to the employer whether or not to accept such a request for parental leave in other flexible forms than full - time . member states should also assess if the conditions and detailed arrangements of parental leave should be adapted to the specific needs of parents in particularly disadvantaged situations , in particular with regard to children with disabilities , serious medical conditions or illness , in accordance with their national law and practice .


### to increase the incentives for workers with children and caring responsibilities , men in particular , to take the periods of leave provided for in this directive , they should have the right to an adequate allowance while on leave . the level of the allowance should be at least equivalent to what the worker concerned would receive in case of sick leave . member states should take into account the importance of the continuity of the entitlements to social security , including healthcare . ### to increase the incentives for workers with children and caring responsibilities , both men and women , to take the periods of leave provided for in this directive , they should have the right to an adequate allowance while on maternity , parental or paternity leave . the level of the allowance should be at least equivalent to what the worker concerned would receive in case of sick leave . member states should take into account the importance of the continuity of the entitlements to social security , including healthcare .


### member states may define the circumstances in which an employer , following consultation in accordance with national law , collective agreements and / or practice , may be allowed to postpone the granting of parental leave by a reasonable period of time on the grounds that it would seriously disrupt the good functioning of the establishment . employers shall justify any postponement of parental leave in writing . ### member states may define the exceptional circumstances in which an employer , following consultation in accordance with national law , collective agreements and / or practice , may be allowed to postpone the granting of parental leave by a reasonable period of time on the grounds that it would seriously disrupt the good functioning of the establishment . employers shall justify any postponement of parental leave in writing .


### “carer” means a worker providing personal care or support in case of a serious illness or dependency of a relative ; ### “carer” means a worker providing personal care or support to a relative with support needs due to a serious medical reason , chronic illness , disability or mental health problem ;


### in order to encourage a more equal sharing of caring responsibilities between women and men , the right to paternity leave for fathers to be taken on the occasion of the birth of a child should be introduced . in order to take account of differences among member states , the right to paternity leave should be irrespective of marital or family status as defined in national law . ### in order to encourage a more equal sharing of caring responsibilities between women and men , the right to paternity leave for fathers to be taken on the occasion of the birth or adoption of a child should be introduced . in order to take account of differences among member states , the right to paternity leave should be irrespective of marital or family status as defined in national law .


### &#8220 ; paternity leave&#8221 ; means leave from work for fathers to be taken on the occasion of the birth of a child ; ### &#8220 ; paternity leave&#8221 ; means paid leave from work for fathers on the grounds of the birth or adoption of a child , to be taken within the first two years , of the child ' s life , preferably on the occasion of the birth or adoption of a child ;


### in order to provide greater possibility for parents to use parental leave as their children grow up , the right to parental leave should be granted until the child is at least twelve years old . member states should be able to specify the period of notice to be given by the worker to the employer when applying for parental leave and to decide whether the right to parental leave may be subject to a certain period of service . in view of the growing diversity of contractual arrangements , the sum of successive fixed - term contracts with the same employer should be taken into account for the purpose of calculating the period of service . to balance the needs of workers with those of employers , member states should also be able to decide whether they define if the employer may be allowed to postpone the granting of parental leave under certain circumstances . in such cases , the employer should provide justification for the postponement . given that flexibility makes it more likely that second parents , in particular fathers , will take up their entitlement to such leave , workers should be able to request to take parental leave on a full - time or part - time basis or in other flexible forms . it should be up to the employer whether or not to accept such a request for parental leave in other flexible forms than full - time . member states should also assess if the conditions and detailed arrangements of parental leave should be adapted to the specific needs of parents in particularly disadvantaged situations . ### in order to provide greater possibility for parents to use parental leave as their children grow up , the right to parental leave should be granted until the child is at most eight years old . member states should be able to specify taking into account in particular the constraints of micro , small and medium - sized businesses , a reasonable period of notice to be given by the worker to the employer when applying for parental leave . in order to deter potential abuse , the member states should be able to introduce a requirement of a minimum period of service before a worker is entitled to benefit from that right , with a maximum duration of one year . in view of the growing diversity of contractual arrangements , the sum of successive fixed - term contracts with the same employer should be taken into account for the purpose of calculating the period of service . to balance the needs of workers with those of employers , member states should also be able to decide whether they define if the employer may be allowed to postpone the granting of parental leave under certain circumstances . in such cases , the employer should provide justification for the postponement . given that flexibility makes it more likely that second parents , in particular fathers , will take up their entitlement to such leave , workers should be able to request to take parental leave on a full - time or part - time basis or in other flexible forms . it should be up to the employer whether or not to accept such a request for parental leave in other flexible forms than full - time . member states should also assess if the conditions and detailed arrangements of parental leave should be adapted to the specific needs of parents in particularly disadvantaged situations , in particular with regard to children with disabilities , serious medical conditions or illness , in accordance with their national law and practice .


### &#8220 ; paternity leave&#8221 ; means leave from work for fathers to be taken on the occasion of the birth of a child ; ### &#8220 ; paternity leave&#8221 ; means paid leave from work for fathers or an equivalent second parent as defined in national law to be taken on the occasion of the birth , stillbirth or adoption of a child ;


### to increase the incentives for workers with children and caring responsibilities , men in particular , to take the periods of leave provided for in this directive , they should have the right to an adequate allowance while on leave . the level of the allowance should be at least equivalent to what the worker concerned would receive in case of sick leave . member states should take into account the importance of the continuity of the entitlements to social security , including healthcare . ### to increase the incentives for workers with children and caring responsibilities , men in particular , to take the periods of leave provided for in this directive , they should have the right to an adequate allowance while on leave . the level of the allowance should be defined by the member state and should be at least equivalent to what the worker concerned would receive in case of sick leave . member states ensure that the payment or allowance is set at a level that encourages parents to better share the entitlements and should take into account the importance of the continuity of the entitlements to social security , including healthcare .


### this directive should avoid imposing administrative , financial and legal constraints in a way which would hold back the creation and development of small and medium - sized undertakings . member states are therefore invited to assess the impact of their transposition act on smes in order to make sure that smes are not disproportionately affected , with specific attention for micro - enterprises and for administrative burden . ### in implementing this directive member states should avoid imposing administrative , financial and legal constraints in a way which would hold back the creation and development of micro , small and medium - sized undertakings . member states are therefore invited to assess the impact of their transposition act on smes in order to make sure that smes are not disproportionately affected , with specific attention for micro - enterprises and for administrative burden , particularly concerning the impact of arrangements for parental leave and patterns of flexible work on the work organisation , and to publish the results of such assessments .


### &#8220 ; paternity leave ' means leave from work for fathers to be taken on the occasion of the birth of a child ; ### &#8220 ; paternity leave&#8221 ; means paid leave from work for fathers to be taken on the occasion of the birth or adoption of a child ;


### this directive should avoid imposing administrative , financial and legal constraints in a way which would hold back the creation and development of small and medium - sized undertakings . member states are therefore invited to assess the impact of their transposition act on smes in order to make sure that smes are not disproportionately affected , with specific attention for micro - enterprises and for administrative burden . ### this directive should avoid imposing administrative , financial and legal constraints in a way which would hold back the creation and development of small and medium - sized undertakings . member states are therefore invited to regularly assess the impact of their transposition act on smes in order to make sure that smes are not disproportionately affected , with specific attention for micro and small enterprises and for administrative burden , in particular the changes in work organisation .


### this directive applies to all workers , men and women , who have an employment contract or employment relationship . ### this directive applies to all workers , men and women , who have an employment contract or an actual employment relationship , regardless of the name or legal form of the document on which the employment is based .


### where member states allow one parent to transfer their parental leave entitlement to the other parent , they shall ensure that at least four months of parental leave cannot be transferred . ### where member states allow one parent to transfer their parental leave entitlement to the other parent , they shall ensure full discretion and freedom in the use of this leave .


### work - life balance policies should contribute to the achievement of gender equality by promoting the participation of women in the labour market , making it easier for men to share caring responsibilities on an equal basis with women , and closing gender gaps in earnings and pay . such policies should take into account demographic changes including the effects of an ageing population . ### work - life balance policies should support and facilitate parents’ participation and inclusion in the labour market , including in flexible forms , and contribute to reducing gender gaps in earnings and pay . such policies should take into account demographic changes including the effects of an ageing population .


### the co - financing rate at the level of each interreg programme shall be not higher than 70 % , unless , with regard to external cross - border or component 3 interreg programmes , a higher percentage is fixed in regulations [ ipa iii ] , [ ndici ] or council decision [ octp ] respectively or in any act adopted thereunder . ### the co - financing rate at the level of each interreg programme shall be not higher than 70 % , unless , with regard to external cross - border or component 3 interreg programmes , a higher percentage is fixed in regulations [ ipa iii ] , [ ndici ] or council decision [ octp ] respectively or in any act adopted thereunder ; national co - funding shall therefore be excluded from the calculation of the stability pact to make the implementation of each programme truly efficient and effective and fully guarantee the principle of additionality ;


### the enlargement policy of the union is an investment in peace , security and stability in europe . it provides increased economic and trade opportunities to the mutual benefit of the union and the aspiring member states . the prospect of union membership has a powerful transformative effect , embedding positive democratic , political , economic and societal change . ### the enlargement policy of the union is an investment in peace , security and stability in europe . it has the potential to provide increased economic and trade opportunities to the mutual benefit of the union and the aspiring member states . the prospect of union membership can have a powerful transformative effect , embedding positive democratic , political , economic and societal change .


### strengthening the rule of law , including the fight against corruption and organised crime , and good governance , including public administration reform , remain key challenges in most of the beneficiaries listed in annex i and are essential in order for beneficiaries to come closer to the union and later to fully assume the obligations of union membership . in view of the longer - term nature of the reforms pursued in those areas and the need to build up track records , financial assistance under this regulation should address the requirements placed on the beneficiaries listed in annex i as early as possible . ### strengthening the rule of law , including the fight against corruption and organised crime , and good governance , including public administration reform , remain key challenges of the beneficiaries listed in annex i and are essential in order for beneficiaries to move towards closer ties with the union . in view of the longer - term nature of the reforms pursued in those areas and the need to build on a solid foundation of sustainable results , financial assistance under this regulation should address the requirements placed on the beneficiaries listed in annex i in a manner that ensures lasting and real change .


### it is essential to further step up cooperation on migration including border management , ensuring access to international protection , sharing relevant information , strengthening the development benefits of migration , facilitating legal and labour migration , enhancing border control and pursuing our effort in the fight against irregular migration , trafficking in human beings and migrant smuggling . ### it is essential to further step up cooperation on migration including border management , ensuring access to international protection , sharing relevant information , strengthening the development benefits of migration , facilitating legal and labour migration , enhancing border control and pursuing our effort in the fight against irregular migration , trafficking in human beings , migrant smuggling and terrorism .


### it is essential to further step up cooperation on migration including border management , ensuring access to international protection , sharing relevant information , strengthening the development benefits of migration , facilitating legal and labour migration , enhancing border control and pursuing our effort in the fight against irregular migration , trafficking in human beings and migrant smuggling . ### it is essential to further step up cooperation on migration including border management , ensuring effective management of irregular migration , the prompt and safe return of illegal migrants , and the capability to determine the need for and possible provision of international protection , sharing relevant information , enhancing border control in the fight against irregular migration , trafficking in human beings , migrant smuggling and terrorism .


### enhanced strategic and operational cooperation between the union and the beneficiaries listed in annex i on security is pivotal to addressing effectively and efficiently security and terrorism threats . ### enhanced strategic and operational cooperation between the union and the beneficiaries listed in annex i on security is pivotal to addressing effectively and efficiently security , terrorism and other threats to stability and peace within member states .


### promoting social protection and inclusion and combating poverty . interventions in this area shall aim at modernising social protection systems to provide effective , efficient , and adequate protection throughout all stages of a person ' s life , fostering social inclusion , promoting equal opportunities and addressing inequalities and poverty . interventions in this area shall also focus on : integrating marginalised communities such as the roma ; combating discrimination based on sex , racial or ethnic origin , religion or belief , disability , age or sexual orientation ; enhancing access to affordable , sustainable and high quality services , such as early childhood education and care , housing , healthcare and essential social services and long term care , including through the modernisation of social protection systems . ### promoting social protection and inclusion and combating poverty . interventions in this area shall aim at modernising social protection systems to be sustainable and subsequently&#160 ; effective , efficient , and provide adequate protection throughout all stages of a person ' s life , fostering social inclusion , promoting equal opportunities and addressing inequalities and poverty . interventions in this area shall also focus on : integrating marginalised communities ; combating the discrimination of minorities , &#160 ; providing sustainable and high quality services , such as early childhood education and care , housing , healthcare and essential social services and long term care , including through the modernisation of social protection systems .


### since the objective of this regulation , namely to contribute to the institutional , administrative and structural reforms in the member states by providing support to national authorities for measures aimed at reforming institutions , governance , administration , economic and social sectors , including through assistance for the efficient and effective use of the union funds cannot be sufficiently achieved by the member states alone , but can rather , by reason of their scale and effects , be better achieved at union level , the union may adopt measures , in accordance with the principle of subsidiarity as set out in article 5 of the treaty on european union . in accordance with the principle of proportionality , as set out in that article , this regulation does not go beyond what is necessary in order to achieve that objective , since the scope of the support would be mutually agreed with the member state concerned . ### since the objective of this regulation , namely to contribute to the institutional , administrative and structural reforms in the member states by providing support to local , regional and national authorities for measures aimed at reforming institutions , governance , administration , economic and social sectors , including through assistance for the efficient and effective use of the union funds cannot be sufficiently achieved by the member states alone , but can rather , by reason of their scale and effects , be better achieved at union level , the union may adopt measures , in accordance with the principle of subsidiarity as set out in article 5 of the treaty on european union . in accordance with the principle of proportionality , as set out in that article , this regulation does not go beyond what is necessary in order to achieve that objective , since the scope of the support would be mutually agreed with the member state concerned .


### member states may continue cooperation at an operational level with other member states and / or third countries at external borders , including military operations on a law enforcement mission and in the field of return , where such cooperation is compatible with the action of the agency . member states shall refrain from any activity which could jeopardise the functioning of the agency or the attainment of its objectives . ### member states may continue cooperation at an operational level with other member states and / or third countries at external borders , including military operations on a law enforcement mission and in the field of return .


### the european border and coast guard agency shall facilitate the application of union measures relating to the management of external borders by reinforcing , assessing and coordinating the actions of member states in the implementation of those measures , and in return . member states shall ensure the management of their section of the external borders , in their interests and in interest of all member states which have abolished internal border control , in full compliance with union law and in accordance with the technical and operational strategy referred to in article 3 , and in close cooperation with the agency . ### the european border and coast guard agency shall facilitate the application of union measures relating to the management of eu external borders by assessing and reinforcing the actions of member states in the implementation of those measures , and in return , member states shall ensure the management of their section of the external borders , in their interests and in the interest of all member states , in full compliance with union law and in accordance with the technical and operational strategy referred to in article 3 , and in close cooperation with the agency .


### the european border and coast guard agency shall establish an operational and technical strategy for the european integrated border management . it shall promote and ensure the implementation of european integrated border management in all member states . ### the european border and coastguard agency shall be established for a 3 - year period and propose an annual operational and technical strategy , with clear objectives and measurable targets for improved border security and management .


### report regularly to the executive director on the situation at the external border and the capacity of the member state concerned to deal effectively with the situation at the external borders ; ### report regularly to the executive director and to the head of the relevant national authority on the situation at the external border and the capacity of the member state concerned to deal effectively with the situation ;


### cooperation with third countries in the areas of covered by this regulation , focusing in particular on neighbouring countries and on those third countries which have been identified through risk analysis as being countries of origin and transit for irregular immigration ; ### cooperation with third countries in the areas of covered by this regulation , focusing in particular on neighbouring countries and on those third countries which have been identified through risk analysis as being countries of origin and transit for irregular immigration ; in cooperation with member states , the commission and the eeas ;


### the european border and coast guard agency should have the necessary equipment and staff at its disposal to be deployed in joint operations or rapid border interventions . to this end , when launching rapid border interventions at the request of a member state or in the context of a situation requiring urgent action , the european border and coast guard agency should be able to deploy european border and coast guard teams from a rapid reserve pool which should be a standing corps composed of a small percentage of the total number of border guards in the member states , which should amount to a minimum of 1 500 . the deployment of the european border and coast guard teams from the rapid reserve pool should be immediately complemented by additional european border and coast guard teams as appropriate . ### the european border and coast guard agency should have the necessary equipment and staff at its disposal to be deployed in joint operations or rapid border interventions . to this end , when launching rapid border interventions at the request of a member state or in the context of a situation requiring urgent action , the european border and coast guard agency should be able to deploy european border and coast guard teams from a rapid reserve pool which should be a standing corps composed of an adequate percentage of the total number of border guards in the member states , which should amount to a minimum of 1 500 . the deployment of the european border and coast guard teams from the rapid reserve pool should be immediately complemented by additional european border and coast guard teams as appropriate .


### the european border and coast guard agency shall facilitate the application of union measures relating to the management of external borders by reinforcing , assessing and coordinating the actions of member states in the implementation of those measures , and in return , member states shall ensure the management of their section of the external borders , in their interests and in interest of all member states which have abolished internal border control , in full compliance with union law and in accordance with the technical and operational strategy referred to in article 3 , and in close cooperation with the agency . ### the european border and coast guard agency shall facilitate the application of union measures relating to the management of eu external borders by reinforcing , assessing and coordinating the actions of member states in the implementation of those measures , and in return , member states shall ensure the management of their section of the external borders , in their interests and in interest of all member states which have abolished internal border control , in full compliance with union law and in accordance with the technical and operational strategy referred to in article 3 , and in close cooperation with the agency .


### the european border and coast guard shall guarantee the protection of fundamental rights in the performance of its tasks under this regulation in accordance with relevant union law , in particular the charter of fundamental rights of the european union , relevant international law , including the convention relating to the status of refugees and obligations related to access to international protection , in particular the principle of non - refoulement . for that purpose , the agency shall draw up and further develop and implement a fundamental rights strategy . ### the european border and coast guard shall respect protection of human rights in the performance of its tasks under this regulation .


### in a spirit of shared responsibility , the role of the european border and coast guard agency should be to regularly monitor the management of the external borders . the agency should ensure proper and effective monitoring not only through risk analysis , information exchange and eurosur , but also through presence of experts from its own staff in member states . the agency should therefore be able to deploy liaison officers to specific member states for a period of time during which the liaison officer reports to the executive director . the report of the liaison officers should form part of the vulnerability assessment . ### undertaking a shared responsibility with the member states , the role of the european border and coast guard agency should be to regularly monitor the management of the external borders . the agency should ensure proper and effective monitoring not only through risk analysis , information exchange and eurosur , but also through presence of experts from its own staff in member states . the agency should therefore be able to deploy liaison officers to specific member states for a period of time during which the liaison officer reports to the executive director . the report of the liaison officers should form part of the vulnerability assessment .


### the european border and coast guard agency should organise the appropriate technical and operational assistance to member states so as to reinforce their capacity to implement their obligations with regard to the control of the external borders , and to face challenges at the external border resulting from irregular immigration or cross - border crime . in this respect , the european border and coast guard agency should , at the request of a member state or on its own initiative , organise and coordinate joint operations for one or more member states and deploy european border and coast guard teams as well as the necessary technical equipment , and it may deploy experts from its own staff . ### the european border and coast guard agency should offer appropriate additional technical and operational assistance to member states so as to reinforce their capacity to implement their obligations with regard to the control of the external borders , and to face challenges at the external border . in this respect , the european border and coast guard agency should , at the request of a member state , engage in joint operations for one or more member states and deploy european border and coast guard teams as well as the necessary technical equipment , and it may deploy experts from its own staff as required and when requested .


### selection of expert evaluators , briefing of expert evaluators and evaluation criteria and their weighting ; ### selection of expert evaluators , briefing of expert evaluators and evaluation criteria and their weighting in addition to the standard selection criteria namely ' excellence ; impact ; and quality and efficiency of the implementation ' , as mentioned in the regulation under the heading ' the rules for participation and dissemination’ ;


### for each mission , a mission board may be established . it shall be composed of around 15 high level individuals including relevant end - users ' representatives . the mission board shall advise upon the following : ### for each mission , a mission board should be established . it shall be composed of high level individuals , on per member state , including relevant end - users ' representatives and representatives from industry , smes and civil - society . the mission board shall facilitate the decision making process and advise the european commission upon the following :


### connecting and developing research infrastructures across the european research area ; ### connecting , developing and facilitating wide access to research infrastructures across the european research area ;


### their term of office shall be limited to two years , renewable twice , with a rolling appointments system . ### their term of office shall be limited to two years , renewable once , with a rolling appointments system .


### the eic will be implemented primarily through two complementary types of action , namely the pathfinder for advanced research , for the early stages of technology development , and the accelerator for innovation and market deployment actions , including the pre - mass commercialisation stages and company growth . with the idea to offer a single one - stop shop and a single process of support , the accelerator will also award blended finance , combining grants with equity investments . it will in addition also channel access to loans provided under the investeu programme . ### the eic will be implemented primarily through two complementary types of action , namely the eic pathfinder for advanced research , for the early stages of technology development , and the eic accelerator for innovation and market deployment actions , including the pre - mass commercialisation stages and company growth . with the idea to complement the eit in offering a single one - stop shop and a single process of support , the accelerator will also award blended finance , combining grants with equity investments . it will in addition also channel access to loans provided under the investeu programme .


### for each mission , a mission board may be established . it shall be composed of around 15 high level individuals including relevant end - users ' representatives . the mission board shall advise upon the following : ### for each mission , a mission board shall be established with the task of co - designing and implementation . it shall be composed of around 15 independent high - level individuals , including research experts in various fields and relevant end - users ' representatives . each mission committee shall be selected through a call for nominations or a call for expressions of interest . the mission board shall recommend and advise upon the following :


### the implementation of horizon europe ' s programme - level objectives in an integrated manner will be ensured by multiannual strategic planning . such planning will provide the focus on impact for the programme overall and coherence between its different pillars , as well as synergy with other eu programmes and support to and from other eu policies . ### the implementation of horizon europe shall be steered by an inclusive and transparent strategic planning process of the research and innovation activities funded by the programme . the strategic planning process shall implement the horizon europe ' s programme - level objectives by defining the funding priorities . it will provide focus on impact for the programme and coherence between its different pillars , as well as synergy with other eu programmes and support to and from other eu policies . the strategic planning process and the adoption of the strategic r&i plan by means of a delegated act will increase ownership and understanding for the purpose of the programme by a wider public and will allow the co - legislators , stakeholders and member states to be fully informed on the envisaged initiatives . the strategic planning will help to develop and implement policy for the relevant areas covered , at union level as well as complementing policies in the member states . it will allow the simplification of the funding landscape , avoid duplication and overlaps between funding possibilities and promote faster dissemination and uptake of research and innovation results . in order to respond to those objectives , the commission will launch an open consultation phase with member states , the european parliament , stakeholders , including civil society organisations , about the strategic priorities including missions , under the global challenges and european industrial competitiveness pillar , and the suitable types of instruments , in particular the european partnerships . all partnerships and missions or any other strategic new initiative shall be identified in this strategic r&i plan before being implemented in work programmes . as regards european partnerships , the strategic r&i plan will outline and give the rationale for the creation , merge and phasing out of the european partnerships . all well - established partnerships , such as the joint technology initiatives , will be considered for continuation beyond 2020 due to their added - value in bringing and leveraging private investment and contribution to synergies of funds . as in horizon 2020 , proposals for joint undertakings will be presented as council regulations . on - going and new kics will be identified in the legislative proposal for a decision of the european parliament and the council on the eit strategic innovation agenda . ' fet flagships ' supported under horizon 2020 will continue to be supported under the programme . as they present substantial analogies with missions , other ' fet flagships ' , if any , maybe be supported under this framework programme as missions geared towards future and emerging technologies . the missions should strengthen the collaborative aspects of the programme and reinforce existing european partnerships , which could work as supporting implementation pillars of the missions . the missions will have technological and societal elements and will be defined in close cooperation with all relevant dgs . the strategic planning will identify existing links between horizon europe and other union programmes , including the euratom programme , which offer possibilities for synergies between union funds . horizon europe will become a point of reference for research and innovation in all related programmes across the union budget and non - funding instruments . this will also promote faster dissemination and uptake of research and innovation results and avoid duplication and overlaps between funding possibilities . it will provide the frame for linking the direct research actions of the joint research centre and other actions supported under the programme , including the use of results for support to policy .


### the accelerator will allow for fast - track take - up of innovations stemming from pathfinder - supported projects from the pathfinder , from similar member states ' advanced research programmes ' and from other pillars of the eu framework programmes28 , in order to support them to reach the market . this identification of projects supported in other pillars of horizon europe and also previous framework programmes will be based on pertinent methodologies , such as the innovation radar . _________________ 28 such as erc proof of concept , from projects supported under the ' global challenges and industrial competitiveness ' pillar , startups emerging from the kics of the european institute of innovation and technology , … including from horizon 2020 activities , particularly project selected under horizon 2020 sme phase 2 and related seal of excellence financed by member states , european partnerships . ### the accelerator will allow for fast - track take - up of innovations stemming from pathfinder - supported projects from the pathfinder and from other pillars of the eu framework programmes28 , in order to support them to reach the market . this identification of projects supported in other pillars of horizon europe and also previous framework programmes will be based on pertinent methodologies , such as the innovation radar . _________________ 28 such as erc proof of concept , from projects supported under the ' global challenges and industrial competitiveness ' pillar , startups emerging from the kics of the european institute of innovation and technology , … including from horizon 2020 activities , particularly project selected under horizon 2020 sme phase 2 and related seal of excellence financed by member states , european partnerships .


### –low zero - carbon hydrogen including fuel cells , and the eu value chain from design to end use across various applications . ### –storage – and related infrastructure - of low carbon hydrogen and other substances and materials enabling the storage of energy including but not limited to the technology of fuel cells and the eu value chain from design to end use across various applications .


### –industrial co2 valorisation ; ### –industrial co2 valorisation by ccu technologies and other solutions ;


### –providing researchers with attractive career environments , skills and competences needed in the modern knowledge economy36 . linking the era and the european higher education area by supporting the modernisation of universities and other research and innovation organisations , through recognition and reward mechanisms to spur actions at national level , as well as incentives promoting the adoption of open science practices , entrepreneurship , trans - disciplinarity , citizen engagement , international and inter - sectoral mobility , gender equality plans and comprehensive approaches to institutional changes . in that context , also complementing the erasmus programme support for the european universities initiative , in particular its research dimension , as part of developing new joint and integrated long term and sustainable strategies on education , research and innovation based on trans - disciplinary and cross - sectoral approaches to make the knowledge triangle a reality , providing impetus to economic growth . _________________ 36 including notably the european charter for researchers , the code of conduct for the recruitment of researchers , euraxess and resaver pension fund . ### –providing researchers with attractive career environments , skills and competences needed in the modern knowledge economy36 . linking the era and the european higher education area by supporting the modernisation of universities and other research and innovation organisations , through recognition and reward mechanisms to spur actions at national level , as well as incentives promoting the adoption of open science practices , entrepreneurship , trans - disciplinarity , citizen engagement , international and cross - sectoral mobility , gender equality plans and comprehensive approaches to institutional changes . in that context , also complementing the erasmus programme support for the european universities initiative , in particular its research dimension , as part of developing new joint and integrated long term and sustainable strategies on education , research and innovation based on trans - disciplinary and cross - sectoral approaches to make the knowledge triangle a reality , providing impetus to economic growth . _________________ 36 including notably the european charter for researchers , the code of conduct for the recruitment of researchers , euraxess and resaver pension fund .


### breakthrough technologies to achieve significant reductions in greenhouse gases and pollutants , often combined with the technologies for circular industry above , will lead to strong industrial value chains , revolutionise manufacturing capacities and improve the global competitiveness of industry ; and at the same time make key contributions to our targets for climate action and environmental quality . ### breakthrough technologies to achieve significant reductions in greenhouse gases and pollutants , often combined with the technologies for circular industry above , but also to the technologies of energy supply , energy systems , energy grids and energy storage , will lead to strong industrial value chains , revolutionise manufacturing capacities and improve the global competitiveness of industry ; and at the same time make key contributions to our targets for climate action and environmental quality , by prioritising those sectors that are responsible for a higher share of global co2 emissions , such as steel , chemicals and cement .


### activities will be implemented to ensure effective complementarity between eic’s types of action and their specific focus on breakthrough innovation , with activities implemented by member states and associated countries , but also by private initiatives , in order to support all types of innovation , reach out to all innovators across the eu , and provide them with enhanced and adequate support . ### activities will be implemented to ensure effective complementarity and cooperation between eit and eic’s types of action and their specific focus on breakthrough innovation , with activities implemented by member states and associated countries , but also by private initiatives , in order to support all types of innovation , reach out to all innovators across the eu , and provide them with enhanced and adequate support .


### meeting the goals of sustainable development , guaranteeing the production and consumption of safe and healthy food , promoting sustainable practices in agriculture , aquaculture , fisheries and forestry , ensuring access to clean water , soil and air for all , cleaning up the seas and oceans , preserving and restoring the planet’s vital natural systems and environment requires that we harness the potential of research and innovation . but the pathways for the transition to sustainability and ways to overconme reslient barriers are hardly understood . making the transition to sustainable consumption and production and restoring planetary health requires investing in technologies , new business models , and social and environmental innovation . this creates new opportunities for a sustainable , resilient , innovative and responsible european economy , boosting resource efficiency , productivity and competitiveness , and generating jobs and growth . ### meeting the goals of sustainable development , guaranteeing the production and consumption of safe and healthy food , promoting sustainable practices in agriculture , aquaculture , fisheries and forestry , ensuring access to clean water , soil and air for all , cleaning up the seas and oceans , preserving and restoring the planet’s vital natural systems and environment requires that we harness the potential of research and innovation . but the pathways for the transition to sustainability and ways to overcome resilient barriers are hardly understood . making the transition to sustainable consumption and production and restoring planetary health requires investing in technologies , new business models , and social and environmental innovation . this creates new opportunities for a sustainable , resilient , innovative and responsible european economy , boosting resource efficiency , productivity and competitiveness , and generating jobs and growth .


### many of the challenges which confront the eu are also global challenges . the scale and complexity of the problems are vast , and need to be matched by the appropriate money , resources and effort in order to find solutions . these are precisely the areas where the eu must work together ; smart , flexible and joined - up for the benefit and well - being of our citizens . ### many of the challenges which confront the eu are also global challenges . the scale and complexity of the problems are vast , and need to be matched by the appropriate money , resources and effort in order to find solutions . these are precisely the areas where the eu must work collaboratively and with global partners ; smart , flexible and joined - up for the benefit and well - being of our citizens .


### the eic will be implemented primarily through two complementary types of action , namely the pathfinder for advanced research , for the early stages of technology development , and the accelerator for innovation and market deployment actions , including the pre - mass commercialisation stages and company growth . with the idea to offer a single one - stop shop and a single process of support , the accelerator will also award blended finance , combining grants with equity investments . it will in addition also channel access to loans provided under the investeu programme . ### the eic will be implemented primarily through two complementary types of action , namely the eic pathfinder for advanced research , for the early stages of technology development , and the eic accelerator for innovation and market deployment actions , including the pre - mass commercialisation stages and company growth . with the idea to complement the eit and cooperate with it in offering a single one - stop shop and a single process of support , the accelerator will also award blended finance , combining grants with equity investments . it will in addition also channel access to loans provided under the investeu programme .


### reinforcing the link between research and innovation and other policies , including sustainable development goals ; ### reinforcing the link between research , innovation and education , and other policies , including sustainable development goals ;


### –batteries and the eu value chain , including design , large - scale battery cell production technologies , reuse and recycling methods ; ### –batteries and the eu value chain , including design , large - scale battery cell production technologies , reuse and recycling methods , advanced materials solutions for energy storage ;


### –eic business acceleration services in support of pathfinder and accelerator activities and actions . the aim will be to connect the eic community of funded innovators , including funded seal of excellence , to investors , partners and public buyers . it will provide a range of coaching and mentoring services to eic actions . it will provide innovators with access to international networks of potential partners , including industrial ones , to complement a value chain or develop market opportunities , and find investors and other sources of private or corporate finance . activities will include live events but also , the development of matching platforms or use of existing ones , in close relation with financial intermediaries supported by the investeu and with the eib group . these activities will also encourage peer exchanges as a source of learning in innovation ecosystem , making particular good use of members of the high level advisory board of the eic and eic fellows ; ### –eic business acceleration services in support of pathfinder and accelerator activities and actions . the aim will be to connect the eic community of funded innovators , including funded seal of excellence , to investors , partners and public buyers . it will provide a range of coaching and mentoring services to eic actions . it will provide innovators with access to international networks of potential partners , including industrial ones , to complement a value chain or develop market opportunities , and find investors and other sources of private or corporate finance . activities will include live events but also , the development of matching platforms or use of existing ones , in close relation with financial intermediaries supported by the investeu and with the eib group . these activities will also encourage peer exchanges as a source of learning in innovation ecosystem , making particular good use of members of the high level advisory board of the eic and eic fellows . those additional eic activities focused on breakthrough / high - risk innovations will complement the similar portfolio of the eit activities targeting entrepreneurs , innovators and start - ups . eic shall make use of the kics’ expertise and experience , when providing support to innovators .


### the eic board shall be composed of 15 to 20 high level individuals drawn from various parts of europe ' s innovation ecosystem , including entrepreneurs , corporate leaders , investors and researchers . it shall contribute to outreach actions , with eic board members striving to enhance the prestige of the eic brand . ### the eic board shall be composed of one high level individuals per member state drawn from various parts of europe ' s innovation ecosystem , including entrepreneurs , corporate leaders , investors and researchers . it shall contribute to outreach actions , with eic board members striving to enhance the prestige of the eic brand .


### for each mission , a mission board may be established . it shall be composed of around 15 high level individuals including relevant end - users ' representatives . the mission board shall advise upon the following : ### for each mission , a mission board should be established . it shall be composed of high level individuals , on per member state , including relevant end - users ' representatives and representatives from industry , smes and civil - society . the mission board shall facilitate the decision making process and advise the european commission upon the following :


### cluster ' digital and industry ' , as described in annex i , pillar ii , section 3 ; ### cluster ' digital , industry and space ' , as described in annex i , pillar ii , section 3 ;


### research funded by the erc is expected to lead to advances at the frontier of knowledge , with scientific publications of the highest quality , to research results with high societal and economic potential impact and with the erc setting a clear and inspirational target for frontier research across the eu , europe and internationally . aiming to make the eu a more attractive environment for the world ' s best scientists , the erc will target a measurable improvement in the eu ' s share of the world ' s top 1 % most highly cited publications , and aim at a substantial increase in the number of excellent researchers from outside europe which it funds . erc funding shall be awarded in accordance with the following well - established principles . scientific excellence shall be the sole criterion on which erc grants are awarded . the erc shall operate on a ' bottom - up ' basis without predetermined priorities . ### research funded by the erc is expected to lead to advances at the frontier of knowledge , with scientific publications of the highest quality , to research results with high societal and economic potential impact and with the erc setting a clear and inspirational target for frontier research across the eu , europe and internationally . aiming to make the eu a more attractive environment for the world ' s best scientists , the erc will target a measurable improvement in the eu ' s share of the world ' s top 1 % most highly cited publications , and aim at a substantial increase in the number of excellent researchers from outside europe which it funds . erc funding shall be awarded in accordance with the following well - established principles . scientific excellence shall be the sole criterion on which erc grants are awarded . the erc shall operate on a ' bottom - up ' basis without predetermined priorities . there should be a balance of fundamental , applied and transnational research and development to ensure efficient , fast translation of new discoveries into actual technologies and commercial products .


### for the eu to reach its air quality , climate , and energy goals , including a 60% reduction in green - house gas emissions by 2050 as well as noise reduction , will require rethinking the whole mobility system including users , vehicles , fuels and infrastructures . it will also require the deployment of low - emission alternative energies and market uptake of zero - emission vehicles / vessels / aircrafts . in addition to the harmful effects of greenhouse gas emissions , transport contributes significantly to poor air quality and noise in europe with negative consequences for the health of citizens18 . building on progress with electrification and the use of fuel cells for cars , buses and light duty vehicles it is essential to accelerate research and innovation solutions for other sectors such as aviation , maritime and inland navigation and lorries . _________________ 18 around one - third of eu citizens live in urban areas with concentration levels of pollutants above legal thresholds ### for the eu to reach its air quality , climate , and energy goals , including a 60% reduction in green - house gas emissions by 2050 as well as noise reduction , will require rethinking the whole mobility system including users , vehicles , fuels and infrastructures as well as new transport solutions . it will also require the deployment of low - emission alternative energies and market uptake of zero - emission vehicles / vessels / aircrafts . in addition to the harmful effects of greenhouse gas emissions , transport contributes significantly to poor air quality and noise in europe with negative consequences for the health of citizens18 . building on progress with electrification and the use of fuel cells for cars , buses and light duty vehicles it is essential to accelerate research and innovation solutions for other sectors such as aviation , rail sector as well as maritime and inland navigation and lorries . _________________ 18 around one - third of eu citizens live in urban areas with concentration levels of pollutants above legal thresholds