### the erc ' s scientific council shall continuously monitor the erc ' s operations and consider how best to achieve its objectives by means of grant schemes that emphasise clarity , stability and simplicity , both for applicants and in their implementation and management , and , as necessary , to respond to emerging needs . it shall endeavour to sustain and further refine the erc ' s world - class peer - review system which is based on transparent , fair and impartial treatment of proposals so that it can identify ground - breaking scientific excellence and talent regardless of a researcher ' s gender , nationality or age . finally , the erc shall continue conducting its own strategic studies to prepare for and support its activities , maintain close contacts with the scientific community and other stakeholders and look to make its activities complement research conducted at other levels . ### the erc ' s scientific council shall continuously monitor the erc ' s operations and evaluation procedures and consider how best to achieve its objectives by means of grant schemes that emphasise effectiveness , clarity , stability and simplicity , both for applicants and in their implementation and management , and , as necessary , to respond to emerging needs . it shall endeavour to sustain and further refine the erc ' s world - class peer - review system which is based on transparent , fair and impartial treatment of proposals so that it can identify ground - breaking scientific excellence and talent regardless of a researcher ' s gender , nationality or age . if these criteria are not fulfilled , participants may ask the exclusion of experts in order to avoid possible damages . the erc shall continue conducting its own strategic studies to prepare for and support its activities , maintain close contacts with the scientific community , the regional and national funding agencies and other stakeholders and look to make its activities complement research conducted at other levels . finally , the erc will ensure transparency in communication about its activities and results to the scientific community and the general public and maintain updated data from funded projects , including data portability .


### by nurturing emerging themes and communities , fet shall address a number of promising exploratory research themes with the potential to generate a critical mass of inter - related projects that , together , make up a broad and multi - faceted exploration of the themes and build a european pool of knowledge . ### by nurturing emerging themes and communities in close association with societal challenges and industrial technological themes , fet shall address a number of promising exploratory research themes with the potential to generate a critical mass of inter - related projects that , together , make up a broad and multi - faceted exploration of the themes and build a european pool of knowledge .


### by pursuing grand interdisciplinary s&t challenges , fet shall support ambitious large - scale , science - driven research aiming to achieve a scientific breakthrough . such activities will benefit from the alignment of european and national agendas . the scientific advance should provide a strong and broad basis for future technological innovation and economic application in a variety of areas , plus novel benefits for society . ### by pursuing grand interdisciplinary s&t challenges , fet shall support ambitious large - scale , science - driven research aiming to achieve a scientific and technological breakthrough . such activities will benefit from the alignment of european and national and regional agendas . the scientific advance should provide a strong and broad basis for future technological innovation and economic application in a variety of areas , plus novel benefits for society . activities with high societal impact should be prioritized .


### state - of - the - art research infrastructures are becoming increasingly complex and costly , often requiring integration of different equipment , services and data sources and extensive transnational collaboration . no single country has enough resources to support all the research infrastructures it needs . the european approach to research infrastructures has made remarkable progress in recent years with implementing the esfri roadmap for infrastructures , integrating and opening national research facilities and developing e - infrastructures underpinning a digital european research area . the networks of research infrastructures across europe strengthen its human capital base by providing world - class training for a new generation of researchers and engineers and promoting interdisciplinary collaboration . ### state - of - the - art research infrastructures are becoming increasingly complex and costly , often requiring integration of different equipment , services and data sources and extensive transnational collaboration . no single country has enough resources to support all the research infrastructures it needs . the european approach to research infrastructures has made remarkable progress in recent years with continuously developing and implementing the esfri roadmap for infrastructures , integrating and opening national research facilities and developing e - infrastructures underpinning a digital european research area . the networks of research infrastructures across europe strengthen its human resources base by providing world - class training for a new generation of researchers and engineers and promoting interdisciplinary collaboration .


### further development and wider use of research infrastructures at union level will make a significant contribution to development of the european research area . while the role of member states remains central in developing and financing research infrastructures , the union plays an important part in supporting infrastructure at union level , fostering the emergence of new facilities , opening up broad access to national and european infrastructures , and making sure that regional , national , european and international policies are consistent and effective . it is not only necessary to avoid duplication of effort and to coordinate and rationalise use of the facilities , but also to pool resources so that the union can also acquire and operate research infrastructures at world level . ### further development and wider use of research infrastructures at a european level will make a significant contribution to development of the european research area . while the role of member states remains central in developing and financing research infrastructures , the union plays an important part in supporting infrastructure at european level , such as encouraging co - ordination of distributed research infrastructures , fostering the emergence of new facilities , opening up and supporting broad access to national and european infrastructures , and making sure that regional , national , european and international policies are consistent and effective . it is necessary to avoid duplication of efforts , to foster coordinated and effective use of the facilities and where appropriate to pool resources so that the union can also acquire and operate research infrastructures at world level .


### the activities shall aim at developing the european research infrastructures for 2020 and beyond , fostering their innovation potential and human capital and reinforcing european research infrastructure policy . ### the activities shall aim at developing the european research infrastructures for 2020 and beyond , fostering their innovation potential and human resources and reinforcing european research infrastructure policy .


### successive evaluations of ict activities in the union ' s framework programme for research and innovation have shown that focused ict research and innovation investment undertaken at union level has been instrumental in building industrial leadership in areas like mobile communications , safety - critical ict systems , and to address challenges like energy - efficiency or demographic change . union investments in ict research infrastructures have provided european researchers with the world ' s best research networking and computing facilities . ### successive evaluations of ict activities in the union ' s framework programme for research and innovation have shown that focused ict research and innovation investment undertaken at union level has been instrumental in building industrial leadership in areas like mobile communications , safety - critical ict systems , and to address challenges like energy - efficiency or demographic change and better health systems delivery . union investments in ict research infrastructures have provided european researchers with the world ' s best research networking and computing facilities .


### these six activity lines shall also include ict specific research infrastructures such as living labs for large - scale experimentation , and infrastructures for underlying key enabling technologies and their integration in advanced products and innovative smart systems , including equipment , tools , support services , clean rooms and access to foundries for prototyping . ### these six activity lines shall also include ict specific research infrastructures such as living labs and urban infrastructures provided in the frame of the smartcity context for large - scale experimentation , and infrastructures for underlying key enabling technologies and their integration in advanced products and innovative smart systems , including equipment , tools , support services , clean rooms and access to foundries for prototyping .


### developing capacity - enhancing techniques , measuring methods and equipment ### developing capacity - enhancing techniques , characterization , measuring methods and equipment


### novel green innovation alliances and industrial symbiosis shall be fostered allowing industries to diversify , expand their business models , re - using their waste as a basis for new productions , e . g . co2 as carbon base for fine chemicals and alternative fuels . ### novel green innovation alliances and industrial symbiosis shall be fostered allowing industries to diversify , expand their business models , using renewable raw materials from biomass and re - using their waste compounds as a basis for new productions , e . g . co2 as carbon base for fine chemicals and alternative fuels .


### research and development to ensure efficient and sustainable scale up to enable industrial manufacturing of future products ### research and development to ensure efficient and sustainable scale up to enable industrial manufacturing of smart future products


### developing new products and applications , and consumer behaviour that reduce energy demand , and facilitate low - carbon production . ### developing new products and applications , coming from biomass and co2 as carbon source and consumer behaviour that reduce energy demand , and facilitate low - carbon production and also reducing environmental impact .


### promoting technologies such as characterisation , non - destructive evaluation and predictive modelling of performance for progress in materials science and engineering . ### promoting technologies such as characterisation , non - destructive evaluation , continuous assessing and monitoring and predictive modelling of performance for progress in materials science and engineering .


### developing industrial biotechnology for competitive industrial products and processes and its environmental dimension . ### developing industrial biotechnology and industrial scale bio - process design for competitive industrial products and processes and its environmental dimension .


### development of platform technologies to enhance leadership and competitive advantage in a wide number of economic sectors . ### development of platform technologies , molecular tools sensing , biomarker discovery and analysis and drug discovery and analysis ) to enhance leadership and competitive advantage in a wide number of economic sectors .


### the specific objective of advanced manufacturing and processing research and innovation is to transform today ' s industrial forms of production towards more knowledge intensive , sustainable , trans - sectoral manufacturing and processing technologies , resulting in more innovative products , processes and services . ### the specific objective of advanced manufacturing and processing research and innovation is to transform today ' s manufacturing enterprises , systems , and processes by leveraging key enabling technologies in order to achieve knowledge intensive , sustainable , trans - sectoral manufacturing and processing technologies , resulting in more innovative products , processes and services .


### the manufacturing sector is of high importance to the european economy , contributing to around 17 % of gdp and accounting for some 22 million jobs in the union in 2007 . with the lowering of economic barriers to trade and the enabling effect of communications technology , manufacturing is subject to strong competition and has been gravitating to countries of lowest overall cost . due to high wages , the european approach to manufacturing therefore has to change radically to remain globally competitive and horizon 2020 can help bring together all the relevant stakeholders to achieve this . ### the manufacturing sector is of high importance to the european economy , contributing to around 17 % of gdp and accounting for some 22 million jobs in the union in 2007 being most of the enterprises small and medium . with the lowering of economic barriers to trade and the enabling effect of communications technology , manufacturing is subject to strong competition and has been gravitating to countries of lowest overall cost . due to high wages , the european approach to manufacturing therefore has to change radically to remain globally competitive and horizon 2020 can help bring together all the relevant stakeholders to achieve this .


### reducing energy consumption and co2 emissions by the development and deployment of sustainable construction technologies . ### reducing energy consumption and co2 emissions by the development and deployment of sustainable construction , automation and control technologies .


### the debt and equity facilities , supported by a set of accompanying measures , will support the achievement of horizon 2020 ‘ s policy objectives . to this end , they will be dedicated to consolidating and raising the quality of europe ' s science base ; promoting research and innovation with a business - driven agenda ; and addressing societal challenges , with a focus on activities such as piloting , demonstration , test - beds and market uptake . ### the debt and equity facilities , supported by a set of accompanying measures managed by the european investment bank and the european investment fund , will support the achievement of horizon 2020 ‘ s policy objectives . to this end , they will be dedicated to consolidating and raising the quality of europe ' s science base ; promoting research and innovation with a business - driven agenda ; and addressing societal challenges , with a focus on activities such as piloting , demonstration , test - beds and market uptake . in the interest of ensuring critical mass and a whole - innovation - chain approach , they will preferentially target activities resulting from other actions funded under horizon 2020 , including the new dedicated sme instrument .


### in addition , they will help tackle the r&i objectives of other programmes and policy areas , such as the common agricultural policy , climate action , and the common fisheries policy . complementarities with national and regional financial instruments will be developed in the context of the common strategic framework for cohesion policy , where an increased role for financial instruments is foreseen . ### in addition , they will help tackle the r&i objectives of other programmes and policy areas , such as the common agricultural policy , climate action , the common fisheries policy , the cohesion policy and the programme for sme competitiveness . complementarities with national and regional financial instruments will be developed in the context of the common strategic framework for cohesion policy , where an increased role for financial instruments is foreseen .


### smes shall be supported across horizon 2020 . for this purpose a dedicated sme instrument shall provide staged and seamless support covering the whole innovation cycle . the sme instrument shall be targeted at all types of innovative smes showing a strong ambition to develop , grow and internationalise . it shall be provided for all types of innovation , including service , non - technological and social innovations . the aim is to develop and capitalise on the innovation potential of smes by filling the gap in funding for early stage high risk research and innovation , stimulating innovations and increasing private - sector commercialisation of research results . ### smes shall be supported across horizon 2020 . for this purpose , to participate in horizon 2020 , better conditions for smes shall be established . in addition , a dedicated sme instrument shall provide staged and seamless support covering the whole innovation cycle . the sme instrument shall be targeted at all types of innovative smes showing a strong ambition to develop , grow and internationalise . it shall be provided for all types of innovation , including service , non - technological and social innovations , given each activity has a clear european added - value . the aim is to develop and capitalise on the innovation potential of smes by filling the gap in funding for early stage high risk research and innovation , stimulating innovations and increasing private - sector commercialisation of research results .


### smes shall be supported across horizon 2020 . for this purpose a dedicated sme instrument shall provide staged and seamless support covering the whole innovation cycle . the sme instrument shall be targeted at all types of innovative smes showing a strong ambition to develop , grow and internationalise . it shall be provided for all types of innovation , including service , non - technological and social innovations . the aim is to develop and capitalise on the innovation potential of smes by filling the gap in funding for early stage high risk research and innovation , stimulating innovations and increasing private - sector commercialisation of research results . ### smes shall be supported across horizon 2020 . for this purpose a dedicated sme instrument shall provide staged and seamless support covering the whole innovation cycle . the sme instrument shall include visible funding modules for simple and fast access and be targeted at all types of innovative smes showing a strong ambition to develop , grow and internationalise . it shall be provided for all types of innovation , including service , non - technological and social innovations . the aim is to develop and capitalise on the innovation potential of smes by filling the gap in funding for early stage high risk research and innovation , stimulating innovations and increasing private - sector commercialisation of research results . the sme instrument shall be implemented in a bottom - up logic with open calls .


### in the union , cvd annually accounts for more than 2 million deaths and costs the economy more than eur 192 billion while cancer accounts for a quarter of all deaths and is the number one cause of death in people aged 45 - 64 . over 27 million people in the union suffer from diabetes and the total cost of brain disorders has been estimated at eur 800 billion . environmental , life - style and socio - economic factors are relevant in several of these conditions with up to one third of the global disease burden estimated to be related to these . ### in the union , cvd annually accounts for more than 2 million deaths and costs the economy more than eur 192 billion while cancer accounts for a quarter of all deaths and is the number one cause of death in people aged 45 - 64 . over 120 million citizens suffer from rheumatic and musculoskeletal conditions in the union and 27 million people in the union suffer from diabetes while the total cost of brain disorders has been estimated at eur 800 billion and the total cost of rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases at eur 240 billion . environmental , life - style and socio - economic factors are relevant in several of these conditions with up to one third of the global disease burden estimated to be related to these .


### meanwhile , drug and vaccine development processes are becoming more expensive and less effective . persistent health inequalities must be addressed , and access to effective and competent health systems must be ensured for all europeans . ### meanwhile , drug and vaccine development processes are becoming more expensive and less effective . persistent health inequalities must be addressed , and access to effective and competent health systems must be ensured globally , in order to assure the best possible health for all europeans .


### to maximise the impact of union level actions , support will be provided to the full spectrum of research and innovation activities . from basic research through translation of knowledge to large trials and demonstration actions , mobilising private investment ; to public and pre - commercial procurement for new products , services , scalable solutions , which are when necessary , interoperable and supported by defined standards and / or common guidelines . this co - ordinated , european effort will contribute to the ongoing development of the era . it will also interface , as and when appropriate , with activities developed in the context of the health for growth programme and the european innovation partnership on active and health ageing . ### to maximise the impact of union level actions and create long - term benefits to its objectives , support will be provided to the full spectrum of research and innovation activities . from basic research through translation of knowledge to large trials and demonstration actions , mobilising private investment ; to public and pre - commercial procurement for new products , services , scalable solutions , which are when necessary , interoperable and supported by defined standards and / or common guidelines . this co - ordinated , european effort will contribute to the ongoing development of the era . it will also complement and create synergies , as and when appropriate , with activities developed in the context of the health for growth programme and the european innovation partnership on active and healthy ageing , the council conclusions on the role of the eu in global health and union external programmes and international commitments in the field of global health .


### effective health promotion , supported by a robust evidence base , prevents disease , improves wellbeing and is cost effective . health promotion and disease prevention also depend on an understanding of the determinants of health , on effective preventive tools , such as vaccines , on effective health and disease surveillance and preparedness , and on effective screening programmes . ### effective health promotion , supported by a robust evidence base , prevents disease , improves wellbeing and is cost effective . health promotion , wellbeing and disease prevention also depend on an understanding of the biological and social determinants of health , on effective preventive tools , on effective health promotion , health and disease surveillance and preparedness , and on effective screening programmes .


### specific activities shall include : understanding the determinants of health , improving health promotion and disease prevention ; understanding disease and improving diagnosis ; developing effective screening programmes and improving the assessment of disease susceptibility ; improving surveillance and preparedness ; developing better preventive vaccines ; using in - silico medicine for improving disease management and prediction ; treating disease ; transferring knowledge to clinical practice and scalable innovation actions ; better use of health data ; active ageing , independent and assisted living ; individual empowerment for self - management of health ; promotion of integrated care ; improving scientific tools and methods to support policy making and regulatory needs ; and optimising the efficiency and effectiveness of healthcare systems and reducing inequalities by evidence based decision making and dissemination of best practice , and innovative technologies and approaches . ### specific activities shall include : understanding the determinants of health , improving health promotion and disease prevention ; understanding disease and improving diagnosis ; developing effective screening programmes and improving the assessment of disease susceptibility ; improving surveillance and preparedness ; developing better preventive vaccines ; using in - silico medicine for improving disease management and prediction ; design of environments to aid recovery and rehabilitation ; treating disease ; transferring knowledge to clinical practice and scalable innovation actions ; better use of health , cohort and administrative data ; active ageing , independent and assisted living ; individual empowerment for self - management of health ; promotion of integrated care ; broadening understanding of demographic change to inform policy development ; improving scientific tools and methods to support policy making and regulatory needs ; and optimising the efficiency and effectiveness of healthcare systems and reducing inequalities by evidence based decision making and dissemination of best practice , and innovative technologies and approaches .


### on the international scene , the action taken at union level provides a ' critical mass ' to attract interest from other technology leaders and foster international partnerships to achieve the union ' s objectives . it will make it easier for international partners to interact with the union to build common action where there is mutual benefit and interest . ### on the international scene , the action taken at union level provides a ' critical mass ' to attract interest from other technology leaders and foster international partnerships to achieve the union ' s objectives . it will make it easier for international partners to interact with the union to build common action where there is mutual benefit and interest . in this regard special consideration will be paid to union initiatives and international commitments on universal energy access and climate change adaptation and mitigation .


### the union intends to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 20 % below 1990 levels by 2020 , with a further reduction to 80 - 95 % by 2050 . in addition , renewables should cover 20 % of final energy consumption in 2020 coupled with a 20 % energy efficiency target . achieving these objectives will require an overhaul of the energy system combining low carbon profile , energy security and affordability , while at the same time reinforcing europe ' s economic competitiveness . europe is currently far from this overall goal . 80 % of the european energy system still relies on fossil fuels , and the sector produces 80 % of all the union ' s greenhouse gas emissions . every year 2 . 5 % of the union ' s gross domestic product is spent on energy imports and this is likely to increase . this trend would lead to total dependence on oil and gas imports by 2050 . faced with volatile energy prices on the world market , coupled with concerns over security of supply , european industries and consumers are spending an increasing share of their income on energy . ### the union intends to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 20 % below 1990 levels by 2020 , with a further reduction to 80 - 95 % by 2050 . in addition , renewables should cover 20 % of final energy consumption in 2020 coupled with a 20 % energy savings target . by 2050 greenhouse gas emission reductions of 80 - 95% must be achieved . to reach this goal , renewable energy technologies must , by the middle of this century , account for the biggest share of europe ' s energy supply . this must be accompanied by an ambitious energy efficiency policy as the most cost - effective way of reaching our long - term decarbonisation goals . it is therefore appropriate for three quarters of the budget under this challenge to go towards research and innovation in renewable energy and energy efficiency . achieving these objectives will require an overhaul of the energy system combining sustainable low carbon profile , energy security and affordability , while at the same time reinforcing europe ' s economic competitiveness . europe is currently far from this overall goal . 80 % of the european energy system still relies on fossil fuels , and the sector produces 80 % of all the union ' s greenhouse gas emissions . every year 2 . 5 % of the union ' s gross domestic product is spent on energy imports and this is likely to increase . this trend would lead to total dependence on oil and gas imports by 2050 . faced with volatile energy prices on the world market , coupled with concerns over security of supply , european industries and consumers are spending an increasing share of their income on energy .


### to achieve these reductions , significant investments need to be made in research , development , demonstration and market roll - out of efficient , safe and reliable low - carbon energy technologies and services . these must go hand in hand with non - technological solutions on both the supply and demand sides . all this must be part of an integrated low - carbon policy , including mastering key enabling technologies , in particular ict solutions and advanced manufacturing , processing and materials . the goal is to produce efficient energy technologies and services that can be taken up widely on european and international markets and to establish intelligent demand - side management based on an open and transparent energy trade market and intelligent energy efficiency management systems . ### to achieve these reductions , significant investments need to be made in research , development , demonstration and market roll - out of efficient , safe and secure and reliable low - carbon energy technologies and services , including electricity storage technologies . these must go hand in hand with non - technological solutions on both the supply and demand sides . all this must be part of an integrated low - carbon policy , including mastering key enabling technologies , in particular ict solutions and advanced manufacturing , processing and materials . the goal is to produce efficient and secure energy technologies and services that can be taken up widely on european and international markets and to establish intelligent demand - side management based on an open and transparent energy trade market and intelligent energy efficiency and security management systems .


### to achieve these reductions , significant investments need to be made in research , development , demonstration and market roll - out of efficient , safe and reliable low - carbon energy technologies and services . these must go hand in hand with non - technological solutions on both the supply and demand sides . all this must be part of an integrated low - carbon policy , including mastering key enabling technologies , in particular ict solutions and advanced manufacturing , processing and materials . the goal is to produce efficient energy technologies and services that can be taken up widely on european and international markets and to establish intelligent demand - side management based on an open and transparent energy trade market and intelligent energy efficiency management systems . ### to achieve these reductions , significant investments need to be made in research , development , demonstration and market roll - out of efficient , safe and reliable low - carbon energy technologies and services . these must go hand in hand with non - technological solutions on both the supply and demand sides . all this must be part of an integrated sustainable low - carbon policy , including mastering key enabling technologies , in particular ict solutions and advanced manufacturing , processing and materials . the goal is to produce efficient energy technologies and services that can be taken up widely on european and international markets and to establish intelligent demand - side management based on an open and transparent energy trade market and intelligent energy efficiency management systems .


### new technologies and solutions must compete on cost and reliability against highly optimised energy systems with well - established incumbents and technologies . research and innovation are critical to make these new , cleaner , low - carbon , more efficient energy sources commercially attractive on the scale needed . neither industry alone , nor member states individually , are able to bear the costs and risks , for which the main drivers are outside the market . ### new technologies and solutions must compete with energy systems designed for historic incumbents and technologies which have benefited from high levels of research funding and subsidies to date . research and innovation are critical to make these new , clean , low - carbon , more efficient energy sources commercially attractive on the scale needed . funding for research and development of fossil fuel technologies is therefore not eligible under this societal challenge . neither industry alone , nor member states individually , are able to bear the costs and risks , for which the main drivers are outside the market .


### research and innovation activities on nuclear fission and fusion energy are carried out in the euratom part of horizon 2020 . ### research and innovation activities on nuclear fusion and on the safety and security aspects of nuclear fission energy are carried out in the euratom part of horizon 2020 .


### activities shall focus on research and full - scale testing of new concepts , non - technological solutions , more efficient , socially acceptable and affordable technology components and systems with in - built intelligence , to allow real - time energy management for near - zero - emission buildings , renewable heating and cooling , highly efficient industries and mass take - up of energy efficiency solutions by companies , individuals , communities and cities . ### activities shall focus on research and full - scale testing of new concepts , non - technological solutions , more efficient , socially acceptable and affordable technology components and control systems with in - built intelligence , to allow optimising real - time energy management for near - zero - emission buildings , renewable heating and cooling , balance between efficiency and low quality , highly efficient industries and mass take - up of energy efficiency solutions by companies , individuals , communities and cities adopting co - generation technologies , microgrid technologies and sustainable vehicles among other solutions .


### activities shall focus on research and full - scale testing of new concepts , non - technological solutions , more efficient , socially acceptable and affordable technology components and systems with in - built intelligence , to allow real - time energy management for near - zero - emission buildings , renewable heating and cooling , highly efficient industries and mass take - up of energy efficiency solutions by companies , individuals , communities and cities . ### activities shall focus on research and full - scale testing of new concepts , non - technological solutions , more efficient , socially acceptable and affordable technology components and systems with in - built intelligence , to allow real - time energy management for cities and territories , near - zero - emission buildings , retrofitted buildings , renewable heating and cooling , including recovery of energy from waste , highly efficient industries and mass take - up of energy efficiency solutions and services by companies , individuals , communities and cities .


### activities shall focus on research and full - scale testing of new concepts , non - technological solutions , more efficient , socially acceptable and affordable technology components and systems with in - built intelligence , to allow real - time energy management for near - zero - emission buildings , renewable heating and cooling , highly efficient industries and mass take - up of energy efficiency solutions by companies , individuals , communities and cities . ### activities shall focus on research and full - scale testing of new concepts , non - technological solutions , more efficient , socially acceptable and affordable technology components and systems with in - built intelligence , to allow real - time energy management for near - zero - emission and positive energy buildings , renewable heating and cooling , highly efficient industries and mass take - up of energy efficiency and energy saving solutions by companies , individuals , communities and cities .


### low - cost , low - carbon electricity supply ### sustainable low - carbon electricity supply


### activities shall focus on research , development and full scale demonstration of new grid technologies , including storage , systems and market designs to plan , monitor , control and safely operate interoperable networks in an open , decarbonised , climate resilient and competitive market , under normal and emergency conditions . ### activities shall focus on research , development and full scale demonstration of new grid technologies , including flexible energy storage systems along the whole electricity chain from power generation , transmission , distributions to the end - user systems and market designs to plan , monitor , control and safely operate interoperable networks in an open , decarbonised , climate resilient and competitive market , under normal and emergency conditions .


### activities shall focus on research , development and full scale demonstration of new grid technologies , including storage , systems and market designs to plan , monitor , control and safely operate interoperable networks in an open , decarbonised , climate resilient and competitive market , under normal and emergency conditions . ### activities shall focus on research , development and full scale demonstration of new grid technologies , including storage , systems and market designs to plan , monitor , control , safely operate interoperable networks and balance an increasing share of variable renewables in an open , decarbonised , climate resilient and competitive market , under normal and emergency conditions .


### activities shall focus on multi - disciplinary research for energy technologies and joint implementation of pan - european research programmes and world - class facilities . ### activities shall focus on multi - disciplinary research for sustainable energy technologies and joint implementation of pan - european research programmes and world - class facilities .


### activities shall focus on applied innovation to facilitate the market uptake of energy technologies and services , to address non - technological barriers and to accelerate the cost effective implementation of the union ' s energy policies . ### activities shall focus on applied innovation to facilitate the market uptake of sustainable energy technologies and services , to address non - technological barriers and to accelerate the cost effective implementation of the union ' s energy policies .


### the eit kics are highly integrated ventures , bringing together partners from industry , higher education , research and technology institutes , renowned for their excellence . kics allow world - class partners to unite in new , cross - border configurations , optimise existing resources and open up access to new business opportunities via new value chains , addressing higher - risk , larger - scale challenges . ### the eit kics are highly integrated ventures , bringing together partners from industry , including sme , higher education , research and technology institutes , renowned for their excellence . kics allow world - class partners to unite in new , cross - border configurations , optimise existing resources and open up access to new business opportunities via new value chains , addressing higher - risk , larger - scale challenges .


### the eit shall operate mainly , but not exclusively , via the knowledge and innovation communities in areas of societal challenges that are of utmost relevance to europe ' s common future . while the kics have a large degree of autonomy in defining their own strategies and activities , there are a number of innovative features common to all kics . the eit will moreover enhance its impact by making the experiences from the kics available across the union and by actively fostering a new culture of knowledge sharing . ### the eit shall operate mainly , but not exclusively , via the knowledge and innovation communities in areas of societal challenges that are of utmost relevance to europe ' s common future . while the kics have a large degree of autonomy in defining their own strategies and activities , there are a number of innovative features common to all kics where coordination and synergies shall be sought . the eit will moreover enhance its impact by making the experiences from the kics available across the union , by disseminating good practices on how to integrate the knowledge triangle and the development of entrepreneurship , promoting the inclusion of additional partners and by actively fostering a new culture of knowledge sharing .


### these activities will contribute to the objectives of the europe 2020 flagship initiatives on innovation union , resource efficient europe , an industrial policy for the globalisation era , and a digital agenda for europe as well as union space policy objectives . ### these activities will contribute to the objectives of the europe 2020 flagship initiatives on innovation union , resource efficient europe , an industrial policy for the globalisation era , and a digital agenda for europe . they will also contribute to union policy objectives and international commitments in the fields of space , health , environment , energy and food security .


### space is a rapidly growing sector which delivers information vital to many areas of modern society , meeting its fundamental demands , addresses universal scientific questions , and serves to secure the union ' s position as a major player on the international stage . space research underpins all activities undertaken in space , but is currently fragmented in national programmes run by a subset of union member states . union level coordination and investment in space research are required to maintain the competitive edge , to safeguard union space infrastructure such as galileo and to sustain a future role for the union in space . in addition , innovative downstream services and applications using space derived information represent an important source of growth and job creation . ### space is a rapidly growing sector which delivers information vital to many areas of modern society , meeting its fundamental demands , addresses universal scientific questions and global challenges such as climate change , and serves to secure the union ' s position as a major player on the international stage . space research underpins all activities undertaken in space , but is currently fragmented in national programmes run by a subset of union member states . union level coordination and investment in space research are required to maintain the competitive edge , to safeguard union space infrastructure such as galileo and to sustain a future role for the union in space . in addition , innovative downstream services and applications using space derived information represent an important source of growth and job creation , whilst also contributing to the fulfilment of union external objectives and international commitments in the fields of humanitarian crisis response and environment , for example .


### for all the enabling and industrial technologies , including the kets , a major aim will be to foster interactions between the technologies , and with the applications under the societal challenges . this shall be fully taken into account in developing and implementing the agendas and priorities . it requires that stakeholders representing the different perspectives are fully involved in priority setting and implementation . in certain cases , it will also require actions that are jointly funded by the enabling and industrial technologies , and by the relevant societal challenges . this will include joint funding for public - private partnerships that aim to develop technologies and apply them to address societal challenges . ### for all the enabling and industrial technologies , including the kets , a major aim will be to foster interactions between the technologies , and with the applications under the societal challenges . this shall be fully taken into account in developing and implementing the agendas and priorities . it requires that stakeholders representing the different perspectives , including civil society , are fully involved in priority setting and implementation . in certain cases , it will also require actions that are jointly funded by the enabling and industrial technologies , and by the relevant societal challenges . this will include joint funding for public - private partnerships and for partnerships with civil society organisations that aim to develop technologies and innovations and apply them to address societal challenges .


### where possible , organisations representative of disabled persons or persons with reduced mobility should be consulted or involved in the organisation of the disability - related training . ### organisations representative of disabled persons or persons with reduced mobility should be consulted or involved in preparing the content of the disability - related training .


### through their professional associations , carriers should cooperate in order to adopt arrangements at national or european level with the involvement of stakeholders , professional associations and associations of customers , passengers and disabled persons , aiming to improve care for passengers , especially in the event of cancellations and long delays . ### through their professional associations , carriers should cooperate in order to adopt arrangements at regional , national or european level with the involvement of stakeholders , professional associations and associations of customers , passengers and disabled persons , aiming to improve provision of information and care for passengers , especially in the event of cancellations and long delays .


### with the exception of articles 4 , 9 and 10 , member states may exempt urban , suburban and regional regular services , including cross - border services of that type , from the application of this regulation . ### with the exception of articles 4 , 9 and 10 , member states may exempt urban , suburban and regional regular services , including cross - border services of that type , from the application of this regulation . with a view to identifying urban , suburban and regional services , member states may apply the definitions set out in regulation no 1371 / 2007 of the european parliament and of the council of 23 october 2007 on the rights and obligations of rail passengers1 . in applying these definitions , member states shall use the following criteria : distance , frequency of services , number of scheduled stops , ticketing schemes , fluctuations in passenger numbers between peak and off - peak periods , timetables . _______________ 1 jo l 315 , 3 . 12 . 2007 , p . 14 .


### in the event of a refusal to accept a reservation or to issue or otherwise provide a ticket on the grounds referred to in paragraph 1 , carriers , travel agents and tour operators shall make reasonable efforts to inform the person concerned about an acceptable alternative service operated by the carrier . ### in the event of a refusal to accept a reservation or to issue or otherwise provide a ticket on the grounds referred to in paragraph 1 , carriers , travel agents and tour operators shall inform the person concerned about an acceptable alternative service operated by the carrier .


### under the same conditions set out in paragraph 1 , a carrier , travel agent or tour operator may require that a disabled person or person with reduced mobility be accompanied by another person who is capable of providing the assistance required by the disabled person or person with reduced mobility , if this is strictly necessary . such an accompanying person shall be transported free of charge and , where feasible , seated next to the disabled person or person with reduced mobility . ### if a carrier , travel agent or tour operator refuses to accept a reservation from , to issue or otherwise provide a ticket to or to take on board a person on the grounds of disability or of reduced mobility for the reasons set out in paragraph 1 , a disabled person or person with reduced mobility may request to be accompanied by another person who is capable of providing the assistance required by the disabled person or person with reduced mobility . such an accompanying person shall be transported free of charge and , where feasible , seated next to the disabled person or person with reduced mobility .


### where a carrier reasonably expects a regular service to be cancelled or delayed in departure from a terminal for more than 120 minutes , the passenger shall immediately be offered the choice between : ### where a carrier reasonably expects a regular service to be cancelled or delayed in departure from a terminal for more than 120 minutes or in the case of overbooking , the passenger shall immediately be offered the choice between :


### carriers and terminal managing bodies shall , within their respective areas of competence , provide passengers with adequate information throughout their travel . where feasible this information shall be provided in accessible formats upon request . ### carriers and terminal managing bodies shall , within their respective areas of competence , provide passengers with adequate information from the moment of reservation and throughout their travel in accessible formats and according to a common conceptual model for public transport data and systems .


### carriers and terminal managing bodies shall , within their respective areas of competence , ensure that passengers are provided with appropriate and comprehensible information regarding their rights under this regulation at the latest on departure . the information shall be provided at terminals and where applicable , on the internet . at the request of a disabled person or person with reduced mobility the information shall be provided in an accessible format . this information shall include contact details of the enforcement body or bodies designated by the member state pursuant to article&#160 ; 27 . ### carriers and terminal managing bodies shall , within their respective areas of competence , ensure that passengers are provided with appropriate and comprehensible information regarding their rights under this regulation upon reservation and at the latest on departure . the information shall be provided in accessible formats at terminals and where applicable , on the internet . this information shall include contact details of the enforcement body or bodies designated by the member state pursuant to article&#160 ; 27 .


### the delegation of power referred to in articles 2 , 6 , 8 , 10 , 10a , 13 , 15 and and 19 of this regulation and in articles 4 of annex iv and 2 , 3 and of annex vii to this regulation shall be conferred on the commission for an indeterminate period of time . ### the delegation of power referred to in articles 2 , 6 , 8 , 10 , 10a , 13 , 15 and and 19 of this regulation and in articles 4 of annex iv and 2 , 3 and of annex vii to this regulation shall be conferred on the commission for a period of 5 years from . . . * . the commission shall draw up a report in respect of the delegation of power not later than nine months before the end of the 5 year period . the delegation of power shall be tacitly extended for periods of an identical duration , unless the european parliament or the council opposes such extension not later than three months before the end of each period . –––––––––––––––– * oj : please insert the date of entry into force of this regulation .


### the delegation of power referred to in articles 3 , 5 , 12 , 13 , 16 and 28 shall be conferred on the commission for an indeterminate period of time . ### the delegation of power referred to in articles 3 , 5 , 12 , 13 , 16 and 28 shall be conferred on the commission for a period of 5 years from . . . * . the commission shall draw up a report in respect of the delegation of power not later than nine months before the end of the 5 year period . the delegation of power shall be tacitly extended for periods of an identical duration , unless the european parliament or the council opposes such extension not later than three months before the end of each period . ––––––––––––––– * oj : please insert the date of entry into force of this regulation .


### the delegation of power referred to in article 4 shall be conferred on the commission for an indeterminate period of time . ### the delegation of power referred to in article 4 shall be conferred on the commission for a period of 5 years from . . . * . the commission shall draw up a report in respect of the delegation of power not later than nine months before the end of the 5 year period . the delegation of power shall be tacitly extended for periods of an identical duration , unless the european parliament or the council opposes such extension not later than three months before the end of each period . ––––––––––––––––– * oj : please insert the date of entry into force of this regulation .


### the delegation of power referred to in article 3 shall be conferred on the commission for an indeterminate period of time . ### the delegation of power referred to in article 3 shall be conferred on the commission for a period of 5 years from . . . * . the commission shall draw up a report in respect of the delegation of power not later than nine months before the end of the 5 year period . the delegation of power shall be tacitly extended for periods of an identical duration , unless the european parliament or the council opposes such extension not later than three months before the end of each period . _____________ * oj : please insert the date of entry into force of this regulation .


### the delegation of power referred to in articles 5 , 6 and 12 shall be conferred on the commission for an indeterminate period of time . ### the delegation of power referred to in articles 5 , 6 and 12 shall be conferred on the commission for a period of 5 years from . . . * . the commission shall draw up a report in respect of the delegation of power not later than nine months before the end of the 5 year period . the delegation of power shall be tacitly extended for periods of an identical duration , unless the european parliament or the council opposes such extension not later than three months before the end of each period . ______________ * oj : please insert the date of entry into force of this regulation .


### the delegation of power referred to in article 7 shall be conferred on the commission for an indeterminate period of time . ### the delegation of power referred to in article 7 shall be conferred on the commission for a period of 5 years from . . . * . the commission shall draw up a report in respect of the delegation of power not later than nine months before the end of the 5 year period . the delegation of power shall be tacitly extended for periods of an identical duration , unless the european parliament or the council opposes such extension not later than three months before the end of each period . _______________ * oj : please insert the date of entry into force of this regulation .


### the delegation of power referred to in article 5 shall be conferred on the commission for an indeterminate period of time . ### the delegation of power referred to in article 5 shall be conferred on the commission for a period of 5 years from . . . * . the commission shall draw up a report in respect of the delegation of power not later than nine months before the end of the 5 year period . the delegation of power shall be tacitly extended for periods of an identical duration , unless the european parliament or the council opposes such extension not later than three months before the end of each period . _____________ * oj : please insert the date of entry into force of this regulation .


### the commission shall be empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with article [ insert the number of the article laying down the procedure for the adoption of delegated acts , currently articles 24a to 24c of proposal com 82 final ] concerning technical amendments to annex ii necessary as a result of the application of that annex . ### the commission shall be empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with article 24a concerning technical amendments to annex ii necessary as a result of the application of that annex .


### the commission shall be empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with article [ insert the number of the article laying down the procedure for the adoption of delegated acts , currently articles 24a to 24c of proposal com 82 final ] concerning technical amendments to articles 5 and 8 to 22 which may be required as a result of differences between this regulation and agreements signed with provisional application or concluded in accordance with article 218 of the treaty with the regions or states listed in annex i . ### the commission shall be empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with article 24a concerning technical amendments to articles 5 and 8 to 22 which may be required as a result of differences between this regulation and agreements signed with provisional application or concluded in accordance with article 218 of the treaty with the regions or states listed in annex i .


### subject to safety constraints , where a tarmac delay exceeds one hour , the operating air carrier shall provide free of charge access to toilet facilities and drinking water , shall ensure adequate heating or cooling of the passenger cabin , and shall ensure that adequate medical attention is available if needed . where a tarmac delay reaches a maximum of five hours , the aircraft shall return to the gate or another suitable disembarkation point where passengers shall be allowed to disembark and to benefit from the same assistance as specified in paragraph 1 , unless there are safety - related or security - related reasons why the aircraft cannot leave its position on the tarmac . ' ### subject to safety constraints , where a tarmac delay exceeds one hour , the operating air carrier shall provide free of charge access to toilet facilities and drinking water , shall ensure adequate heating or cooling of the passenger cabin , and shall ensure that adequate medical attention is available if needed . where a tarmac delay reaches a maximum of four hours , the aircraft shall return to the gate or another suitable disembarkation point where passengers shall be allowed to disembark and to benefit from the same assistance as specified in paragraph 1 , unless there are safety - related , security - related or legislative reasons why the aircraft cannot leave its position on the tarmac .


### a safeguard measure may be imposed in accordance with the provisions set out in this regulation where a product originating in korea is , as a result of the reduction or the elimination of the customs duties on that product , being imported in the union in such increased quantities , in absolute terms or relative to domestic production , and under such conditions as to cause or threaten to cause serious injury to the union industry producing a like or directly competitive product . ### a safeguard measure may be imposed in accordance with the provisions set out in this regulation where a product originating in korea is , following the reduction or the elimination of the customs duties on that product , being imported in the union in such increased quantities , in absolute terms or relative to domestic production , and under such conditions as to cause or threaten to cause serious injury to the union industry or to the regional industry producing a like or directly competitive product .


### provisional safeguard measures shall be applied in critical circumstances where a delay would cause damage which it would be difficult to repair , pursuant to a preliminary determination that there is clear evidence that imports of an originating good from the republic of korea have increased as the result of the reduction or elimination of a customs duty under the agreement , and such imports cause serious injury , or threat thereof , to the domestic industry . provisional measures shall be taken on the basis of the procedure referred to in article 11 . 1 . ### provisional safeguard measures shall be applied in critical circumstances where a delay would cause damage which it would be difficult to repair , pursuant to a preliminary determination that there is sufficient evidence that imports of an originating good from the republic of korea have increased as the result of the reduction or elimination of a customs duty under the agreement , and such imports cause serious injury , or threat thereof , to the domestic industry . provisional measures shall be taken on the basis of the procedure referred to in article 11 . 1 .


### for the smooth functioning of direct payments in calendar year 2013 , it is necessary to extend the net ceilings set out for calendar year 2012 to 2013 and adjust them where necessary , in particular as regards the increases resulting from the phasing - in of direct payments in the new member states and the cessation of voluntary modulation provided for in council regulation no 378 / 2007 of 27 march 2007 laying down rules for voluntary modulation of direct payments provided for in regulation no 1782 / 2003 establishing common rules for direct support schemes under the common agricultural policy and establishing certain support schemes for farmers . ### for the smooth functioning of direct payments in calendar year 2013 , it is necessary to extend the net ceilings set out for calendar year 2012 to 2013 and adjust them where necessary , in particular as regards the increases resulting from the phasing - in of direct payments in the new member states .


### the financial transfers to the european agricultural fund for rural development provided for in articles 134 , 135 and 136 of regulation no 73 / 2009 relate to the 2007 - 2013 multi - annual financial perspectives . however , calendar year 2013 corresponds to financial year 2014 falling under the next multi - annual financial framework which permanently sets out the amounts available for rural development programming . consequently , such financial transfers should be abolished . ### the financial transfers to the european agricultural fund for rural development provided for in articles 134 and 135 of regulation no 73 / 2009 relate to the 2007 - 2013 multi - annual financial perspectives . however , calendar year 2013 corresponds to financial year 2014 falling under the next multi - annual financial framework which permanently sets out the amounts available for rural development programming . consequently , such financial transfers should be abolished .


### articles 134 , 135 and 136 are deleted . ### articles 134 and 135 are deleted .


### decision no 768 / 2008 / ec of the european parliament and of the council of 9 july 2008 on a common framework for the marketing of products provides common principles and reference provisions for the purposes of legislation based on the new approach principles . in order to ensure consistency with other sectoral product legislation , it is appropriate to align certain provisions of this directive to that decision , in so far as sectoral specificities do not require a different solution . therefore , certain definitions , the general obligations of economic operators , the presumption of conformity , formal objections against harmonised standards , rules on ce marking , requirements for conformity assessment bodies and notification procedures and the provisions concerning procedures dealing with products presenting a risk should be aligned to that decision . ### decision no 768 / 2008 / ec of the european parliament and of the council of 9 july 2008 on a common framework for the marketing of products provides common principles and reference provisions for the purposes of legislation based on the new approach principles . in order to ensure consistency with other sectoral product legislation , it is appropriate to align certain provisions of this directive to that decision , in so far as sectoral specificities do not require a different solution . therefore , certain definitions , the general obligations of economic operators , the presumption of conformity , rules on ce marking , requirements for conformity assessment bodies and notification procedures and the provisions concerning procedures dealing with products presenting a risk should be aligned to that decision . regulation no [ . . . / . . . ] of the european parliament and of the council of . . . on european standardisation1* provides for a procedure for objections to harmonised standards where those standards do not entirely satisfy the requirements of this directive . _____________ 1 oj l . . . . * oj : please insert the number , date and oj reference of that regulation .


### in order to take into account the progress of technical knowledge and new scientific evidence , the power to adopt acts in accordance with article 290 of the treaty on the functioning of the european union should be delegated to the commission to amend section 2 of part b and section 1 of part c of annex i , with the exception of direct or indirect modifications to exhaust or noise emission values and to the froude and p / d ratio values , and annexes v , vii and ix . it is of particular importance that the commission carry out appropriate consultations during its preparatory work , including at expert level . ### in order to take into account the progress of technical knowledge and new scientific evidence , the power to adopt acts in accordance with article 290 of the treaty on the functioning of the european union should be delegated to the commission to amend section 2 of part b of annex i , in particular to include test cycles for hybrid engines and to introduce biofuel blended test fuels in the table of test fuels once these test fuels have been internationally accepted , and section 1 of part c of annex i , with the exception of direct or indirect modifications to exhaust or noise emission values and to the froude and p / d ratio values , and annexes v , vii and ix . it is of particular importance that the commission carry out appropriate consultations during its preparatory work , including at expert level .


### ‘ manufacturer’ means any natural or legal person who manufactures a product or has such a product designed or manufactured and markets that product under his name or trademark ; ### ‘ manufacturer’ means any natural or legal person who manufactures a product or has such a product designed or manufactured and markets that product under his name or trademark ; this shall include any natural or legal person who adapts engines for marine use where the source engine is already type - approved in accordance with directive 97 / 68 / ec or directive 2005 / 55 / ec without altering the exhaust emissions characteristics of the engine ;


### member states shall not impede the making available on the market or putting into service of any of the following : propulsion engines , whether or not installed in watercraft , complying with this directive ; engines type - approved in accordance with directive 97 / 68 / ec of the european parliament and the council23 which are in compliance with stage iiia , iiib or stage iv emission limits for ci engines used in other applications than propulsion of inland waterway vessels , locomotives and railcars , as provided for in point 4 . 1 . 2 . of annex i to that directive ; engines type - approved in accordance with directive 2005 / 55 / ec of the european parliament and the council24 where the manufacturer declares in accordance with point 9 of annex iv that the engine will meet the exhaust emission requirements of this directive when installed in a watercraft in accordance with the manufacturer ' s supplied instructions . ### member states shall not impede the making available on the market or putting into service of propulsion engines , whether or not installed in watercraft , complying with this directive .


### the amendments referred to in point may include amendments to reference fuels and to the requirements for exhaust and noise emissions testing and to durability criteria . ### the amendments referred to in point may include amendments to reference fuels and to the requirements for exhaust and noise emissions testing and to durability criteria . in particular such amendments may include test cycles for hybrid engines and introduce biofuel blended test fuels in the table of test fuels set out in section 2 of part b of annex i once those test fuels have been agreed in the form of internationally accepted standards .


### the commission shall make available , in an appropriate manner , information on the recipients of funds deriving from the budget held by it when the budget is implemented on a centralised basis and directly by its departments or by union delegations in accordance with the second paragraph of article 53 , and information on the recipients of funds as provided by the entities to which budget implementation tasks are delegated under other modes of management . ### the commission shall make available , in an appropriate manner , information on the recipients of funds deriving from the budget held by it when the budget is implemented on a centralised basis and directly by its departments or by union delegations in accordance with the second paragraph of article 53 , and information on the recipients of funds as provided by the entities to which budget implementation tasks are delegated under other modes of management . in particular , the commission and the eeas shall make available and update on their websites information concerning the way in which the union funds have been used under heading 4 , the results achieved by them , the recipients of the funds and the precise nature and purpose of the measures financed by the budget .


### the current use of different reporting formats makes it difficult for manufacturers and importers to fulfil their reporting obligations and burdensome for the member states and the commission to compare , analyse and draw conclusions from the information received . in this light there should be a common mandatory format for the reporting of ingredients and emissions . the greatest possible transparency of product information should be ensured for the general public , while ensuring that appropriate account is taken of the commercial and intellectual property rights of the manufacturers of tobacco products . ### the current use of different reporting formats makes it difficult for manufacturers and importers to fulfil their reporting obligations and burdensome for the member states and the commission to compare , analyse and draw conclusions from the information received . a mandatory list of ingredients must be compiled with a view to ensuring the greatest possible transparency for the general public in respect of the contents of tobacco products , while ensuring that appropriate account is taken of the commercial and intellectual property rights of the manufacturers of tobacco products . the list must include a statement of the most dangerous ingredients along similar lines to that required by the us family smoking prevention and tobacco control act , which obliges manufacturers to disclose the presence of any substances in cigarette smoke identified by the us food and drug administration as ‘ hazardous or potentially hazardous’ for human health . annexes i and have been provided for the purposes of setting out such a list .


### the lack of a harmonised approach on ingredients regulation affects the functioning of the internal market and impacts on the free movement of goods across the eu . some member states have adopted legislation or entered into binding agreements with the industry allowing or prohibiting certain ingredients . as a result , some ingredients are regulated in some member states , but not in others . member states are also taking different approaches as regards additives integrated in the filter of cigarettes as well as additives colouring the tobacco smoke . without harmonisation , the obstacles on the internal market are expected to increase in the coming years taking into account the implementation of the fctc and its guidelines and considering experience gained in other jurisdictions outside the union . the guidelines on articles 9 and 10 fctc call in particular for the removal of ingredients that increase palatability , create the impression that the tobacco products have health benefits , are associated with energy and vitality or have colouring properties . ### the lack of a harmonised approach on ingredients regulation affects the functioning of the internal market and impacts on the free movement of goods across the eu . some member states have adopted legislation or entered into binding agreements with the industry allowing or prohibiting certain ingredients . as a result , some ingredients are regulated in some member states , but not in others . member states are also taking different approaches as regards ingredients integrated in the filter of cigarettes as well as ingredients colouring the tobacco smoke . without harmonisation , the obstacles on the internal market are expected to increase in the coming years taking into account the implementation of the fctc and its guidelines and considering experience gained in other jurisdictions outside the union . the guidelines on articles 9 and 10 fctc call in particular for the removal of ingredients that increase palatability , create the impression that the tobacco products have health benefits , are associated with energy and vitality or have colouring properties .


### considerable volumes of illicit products , which do not comply with the requirements laid down in directive 2001 / 37 / ec , are placed on the market and indications are that these volumes might increase . such products undermine the free circulation of compliant products and the protection provided for by tobacco control legislations . in addition , the fctc obliges the union to fight against illicit products , as part of a comprehensive tobacco control policy . provision should thus be made for unit packets of tobacco products to be marked in a unique and secure way and their movements to be recorded so that these products can be tracked and traced in the union and their compliance with this directive can be monitored and better enforced . in addition , provision should be made for the introduction of security features that will facilitate the verification of whether or not products are authentic . ### considerable volumes of illicit products , which do not comply with the requirements laid down in directive 2001 / 37 / ec , are placed on the market and indications are that these volumes might increase . such products undermine the free circulation of compliant products and the protection provided for by tobacco control legislations . in addition , the fctc obliges the union to fight against illicit products , as part of a comprehensive tobacco control policy . provision should thus be made for unit packets and any outside packaging of tobacco products to be marked in a unique and secure way and their movements to be recorded so that these products can be tracked and traced in the union and the illegal trafficking of tobacco and tobacco products can be combated , particularly along the external borders of the union but also from non - eu countries ; and so that their compliance with this directive can be monitored and better enforced . in addition , provision should be made for the introduction of security features for individual authentication that will facilitate the verification of whether or not products are authentic . the eu and the member states must take and must reinforce adequate steps to combat contraband and counterfeiting by improving checks of the product supply chain and imposing penalties on criminal networks .


### each unit packet of tobacco products and any outside packaging shall carry health warnings in the official language or languages of the member state where the product is placed on the market . ### with the exception of products referred to in article 15 , each unit packet of tobacco products and any outside packaging shall carry health warnings in the official language or languages of the member state where the product is placed on the market .


### the general warning shall be printed on the most visible surface of the unit packet and any outside packaging . the text warnings listed in annex i shall be rotated in such a way as to guarantee their regular appearance . these warnings shall be printed on the other most visible surface of the unit packet and any outside packaging . ### the general warning shall be printed on the most visible surface of the unit packet and any outside packaging . the text warnings listed in annex i shall be rotated in such a way as to guarantee their regular appearance . these warnings shall be printed on the other most visible surface of the unit packet and any outside packaging , except where this duplication affects the legibility of the message , as in the case of transparent wrapping covering the rigid or paper packaging used in retail sales .


### the text warning referred to in paragraph 1 shall cover 40 % of the external area of the corresponding surface of the unit packet and any outside packaging . that proportion shall be increased to 45 % for member states with two official languages and 50 % for member states with three official languages . ### the text warning referred to in paragraph 1 shall cover 40 % of the external area of the corresponding surface of the unit packet and any outside packaging and may also be displayed by means of undetachable stickers on goods with small production runs . that proportion shall be increased to 45 % for member states with two official languages and 50 % for member states with three official languages .


### centred in the area in which they are required to be printed , parallel to the top edge of the unit packet and any outside packaging ; ### centred in the area in which they are required to be printed , in the most legible position in relation to the logic of reading and handling of the unit packet and any outside packaging ;


### this tobacco product can damage your health and is addictive ### this tobacco product can damage your health and is addictive , but presents substantially lower risks to your health than smoking


### member states shall ensure that all economic operators involved in the trade of tobacco products from the manufacturer to the last economic operator before the first retail outlet , record the entry of all unit packets into their possession , as well as all intermediate movements and the final exit from their possession . this obligation can be fulfilled by recording in aggregated form , e . g . of outside packaging , provided that tracking and tracing of unit packets remains possible . ### member states shall require that track and trace technology capable of reading and transmitting data electronically to the storage facility pursuant to paragraph 6 , the ownership for which is outside the control of tobacco manufacturers and their partners in the supply chain , is made available to all economic operators involved in the trade of tobacco products from the manufacturer to the last economic operator before the first retail outlet , including importers , warehouses and transporting companies . such economic operators shall record the entry of all unit packets and outside packaging into their possession , as well as all intermediate movements and the final exit from their possession . in conformity with article 14 , this obligation shall be fulfilled by recording in aggregated form , e . g . of outside packaging , provided that tracking and tracing of unit packets remains possible .


### this product can damage your health ### this natural product can damage your health


### contracts should be awarded on the basis of objective criteria that ensure compliance with the principles of transparency , non - discrimination and equal treatment . these criteria should guarantee that tenders are assessed in conditions of effective competition , also where contracting authorities require high - quality works , supplies and services that are optimally suited to their needs , for instance where the chosen award criteria include factors linked to the production process . as a result , contracting authorities should be allowed to adopt as award criteria either ‘ the most economically advantageous tender’ or ‘ the lowest cost’ , taking into account that in the latter case they are free to set adequate quality standards by using technical specifications or contract performance conditions . ### contracts should be awarded on the basis of objective criteria that ensure compliance with the principles of transparency , non - discrimination and equal treatment . those criteria should guarantee that tenders are assessed in conditions of effective competition , also where contracting authorities require high - quality works , supplies and services that are optimally suited to their needs . as a result , contracting authorities should be allowed to adopt as award criteria either ' the most economically advantageous tender ' or , in case of standardised goods , ' the lowest prize ' .


### these sector - specific measures must be complemented by an adaptation of the public procurement directives empowering contracting authorities to pursue the objectives of the europe 2020 strategy in their purchasing strategies . it should hence be made clear that contracting authorities can determine the most economically advantageous tender and the lowest cost using a life - cycle costing approach , provided that the methodology to be used is established in an objective and non - discriminatory manner and accessible to all interested parties . the notion of life - cycle costing includes all costs over the life cycle of works , supplies or services , both their internal costs and their external costs , provided they can be monetised and monitored . common methodologies should be developed at the level of the union for the calculation of life - cycle costs for specific categories of supplies or services ; whenever such a methodology is developed its use should be made compulsory . ### these sector - specific measures must be complemented by an adaptation of the public procurement directives empowering contracting authorities to pursue the objectives of the europe 2020 strategy in their purchasing strategies . it should hence be made clear that contracting authorities can determine the most economically advantageous tender using a life - cycle costing approach , provided that the methodology to be used is established in an objective and non - discriminatory manner and accessible to all interested parties . the notion of life - cycle costing includes all internal costs over the life cycle of works , supplies or services .


### contract performance conditions are compatible with this directive provided that they are not directly or indirectly discriminatory , are linked to the subject - matter of the contract and are indicated in the contract notice , the prior information notice used as a means of calling for competition or the procurement documents . they may , in particular , be intended to favour on - site vocational training , the employment of people experiencing particular difficulty in achieving integration , the fight against unemployment , protection of the environment or animal welfare . for instance , mention may be made , amongst other things , of the requirements ‐ applicable during performance of the contract ‐ to recruit long - term job - seekers or to implement training measures for the unemployed or young persons , to comply in substance with fundamental international labour organisation conventions , even where such conventions have not been implemented in national law , and to recruit more disadvantaged persons than are required under national legislation . ### contract performance conditions are compatible with this directive provided that they are not directly or indirectly discriminatory , are linked to the subject - matter of the contract and are indicated in the notice used to make the call for competition , or in the procurement documents . they may , in particular , be intended to favour on - site vocational or professional training . for example , mention may be made of the requirements applicable during the performance of the contract to implement training measures for the unemployed or for young persons .


### every two years from 30 june 2014 , the commission shall verify that the thresholds set out in points , and of article 4 correspond to the thresholds established in the government procurement agreement and shall , where necessary , revise them . ### every two years from 30 june 2014 , the commission shall verify that the thresholds set out in points , and of article 4 correspond to the thresholds established in the government procurement agreement and shall , where necessary , revise them . the commission shall increase the thresholds , where possible , and , should they be established in the government procurement agreement , give priority to increasing them during the next round of negotiations .


### at least 90 % of the activities of that legal person are carried out for the controlling contracting authority or for other legal persons controlled by that contracting authority ; ### the legal person works mainly for the controlling contracting authority or for other legal persons controlled by that contracting authority . the legal person shall be assumed to work mainly for the controlling contracting authority or for other legal persons controlled by that contracting authority if at least 90 % of its activities governed by the contract are carried out for it / them ;


### at least 90 % of the activities of that legal person are carried out for the controlling contracting authority or for other legal persons controlled by that contracting authority ; ### at least 90 % of the activities in their entirety of that legal person are carried out for the controlling contracting authority or for other legal persons controlled by that contracting authority ;


### at least 90 % of the activities of that legal person are carried out for the controlling contracting authority or for other legal persons controlled by that contracting authority ; ### all of the activities of that legal person are carried out for the controlling contracting authority or for other legal persons controlled by that contracting authority ;


### at least 90 % of the activities of that legal person are carried out for the controlling contracting authority or for other legal persons controlled by that contracting authority ; ### at least 50 % of the activities of that legal person are carried out for the controlling contracting authority or for other legal persons controlled by that contracting authority ;


### at least 90 % of the activities of that legal person are carried out for the controlling contracting authorities or other legal persons controlled by the same contracting authorities ; ### the legal person essentially carries out activities for the controlling contracting authorities or for other legal persons controlled by the same contracting authorities . it is assumed that the legal person essentially carries out activities for the controlling contracting authorities or for other legal persons controlled by the same contracting authorities where it carries out at least 90 % of its activities which are the subject of the contract for that legal person or those legal persons ;


### at least 90 % of the activities of that legal person are carried out for the controlling contracting authorities or other legal persons controlled by the same contracting authorities ; ### all of the activities of that legal person are carried out for the controlling contracting authorities or other legal persons controlled by the same contracting authorities ;


### at least 90 % of the activities of that legal person are carried out for the controlling contracting authorities or other legal persons controlled by the same contracting authorities ; ### at least 50 % of the activities of that legal person are carried out for the controlling contracting authorities or other legal persons controlled by the same contracting authorities ;


### there is no private participation in the controlled legal person . ### the private participation in the controlled legal person does not exceed 50% of its voting shares .


### the decision - making bodies of the controlled legal person are composed of representatives of all participating contracting authorities ; ### the decision - making bodies of the controlled legal person are composed of representatives of the participating contracting authorities ;


### the call for competition may be made by one of the following means : ### the call for competition shall be made by a contract notice pursuant to article 47 .


### in the case referred to in point , economic operators having expressed their interest following the publication of the prior information notice shall subsequently be invited to confirm their interest in writing by means of an ‘ invitation to confirm interest’ in conformity with article 52 . ### where the contract is awarded by restricted or competitive procedure with negotiation by a sub - central contracting authority , member states shall provide , notwithstanding the 1st subparagraph , that the call for competition may be made by means of a prior information notice pursuant to article 46 . they may also reserve this possibility to specific categories of sub - central contracting authorities . where the call for competition is made by means of a prior information notice pursuant to article 46 , economic operators , having expressed their interest following the publication of the prior information notice , shall subsequently be invited to confirm their interest in writing by means of an ' invitation to confirm interest ' in conformity with article 52 .


### sub - central contracting authorities may set the time limit for the receipt of tenders by mutual agreement between the contracting authority and the selected candidates , provided that all candidates have the same time to prepare and submit their tenders . where it is not possible to reach agreement on the time limit for the receipt of tenders , the contracting authority shall fix a time limit which shall be at least 10 days from the date of the invitation to tender . ### member states shall provide that all or specific categories of sub - central contracting authorities may set the time limit for the receipt of tenders by mutual agreement between the contracting authority and the selected candidates , provided that all candidates have the same time to prepare and submit their tenders . in the absence of an agreement on the time limit for the receipt of tenders , the contracting authority shall fix a time limit which shall be at least 10 days from the date of the invitation to tender .


### in competitive procedures with negotiation , any economic operator may submit a request to participate in response to a call for competition by providing the requested information for qualitative selection . ### in competitive procedures with negotiation , any economic operator may submit a request to participate in response to a call for competition containing the information set out in annex vi parts b and c by providing the information for qualitative selection that is requested by the contracting authority .


### in the contract notice or in the invitation to confirm interest contracting authorities shall describe the procurement and the minimum requirements to be met and specify the award criteria so as to enable economic operators to identify the nature and scope of the procurement and decide whether to request to participate in the negotiations . in the technical specifications , contracting authorities shall specify which parts thereof define the minimum requirements . ### in the procurement documents , contracting authorities shall indicate which elements define the minimum requirements to be met . the indications shall be sufficiently precise as to enable economic operators to identify the precise nature and scope of the procurement and decide whether to request to participate in the procedure .


### only those economic operators invited by the contracting authority following their assessment of the requested information may submit a written tender which shall be the basis for the subsequent negotiations . contracting authorities may limit the number of suitable candidates to be invited to participate in the procedure in accordance with article 64 . ### only those economic operators invited by the contracting authority following their assessment of the requested information may submit an initial tender which shall be the basis for the subsequent negotiations . contracting authorities may limit the number of suitable candidates to be invited to participate in the procedure in accordance with article 64 .


### during the negotiations , contracting authorities shall ensure the equal treatment of all tenderers . to that end , they shall not provide information in a discriminatory manner which may give some tenderers an advantage over others . they shall take particular care to ensure that all tenderers , whose tenders have not been eliminated pursuant to paragraph 5 , are informed in writing of any changes to the technical specifications other than those setting out the minimum requirements , in adequate time to allow such tenderers to modify and re - submit amended tenders following these changes , as appropriate . ### during the negotiations , contracting authorities shall ensure the equal treatment of all tenderers . to that end , they shall not provide information in a discriminatory manner which may give some tenderers an advantage over others . they shall take particular care to ensure that all tenderers , whose tenders have not been eliminated pursuant to paragraph 5 , are informed in writing of any changes to the technical specifications or other procurement documents , other than those setting out the minimum requirements , providing sufficient time for such tenderers to modify and re - submit amended tenders following these changes .


### where necessary , in order to finalise financial commitments or other terms of the contract , the contracting authority may negotiate the final terms of the contract with the tenderer identified as having submitted the most economically advantageous tender in accordance with article 66 provided such negotiations do not have the effect of modifying essential aspects of the tender or of the public procurement , including the needs and requirements set out in the contract notice or in the descriptive document and does not risk distorting competition or causing discrimination . ### at the request of the contracting authority , the tenderer identified as having submitted the most economically advantageous tender in accordance with article 66 may be asked to clarify aspects of the tender or confirm commitments contained in the tender provided this does not have the effect of modifying essential aspects of the tender or of the public procurement , including the needs and requirements set out in the contract notice or in the descriptive document and does not risk distorting competition or causing discrimination .


### in innovation partnerships , any economic operator may submit a request to participate in response to a contract notice with a view to establishing a structured partnership for the development of an innovative product , service or works and the subsequent purchase of the resulting supplies , services or works provided that they correspond to the agreed performance levels and costs . ### in innovation partnerships , any economic operator may submit a request to participate in response to a contract notice with a view to establishing a structured partnership for the development of an innovative product , service or works and the subsequent purchase of the resulting supplies , services or works , provided that they correspond to the agreed performance levels and costs . the contract setting up the innovation partnership shall be awarded on the sole basis of the award criterion of the most economically advantageous tender in accordance with article 66 .


### not later than 48 days after the award of a contract or the conclusion of a framework agreement , contracting authorities shall send a contract award notice on the results of the procurement procedure . ### not later than 14 days after the award of a contract or the conclusion of a framework agreement , contracting authorities shall send a contract award notice on the results of the procurement procedure . in case of an incomplete or incoherent contract award notice , the commission will contact the contracting authority with the aim to receive completion or clarification of the contract award notice .


### where the economic operator is the subject of insolvency or winding - up proceedings , where its assets are being administered by a liquidator or by the court , where it has entered into an arrangement with creditors , where it has suspended business activities or is in any analogous situation arising from a similar procedure under national laws and regulations ; ### where the economic operator is the subject of insolvency or winding - up proceedings , where its assets are being administered by a liquidator or by the court , where it has suspended business activities or is in any analogous situation arising from a similar procedure under national laws and regulations ;