### without prejudice to specific community legislation applicable to particular foods as regards to the requirements referred to in article 9 to , when appearing on the package or on the label attached thereto , the mandatory particulars listed in article&#160 ; 9 shall be printed on the package or on the label in characters of a font size of at least 3mm and shall be presented in a way so as to ensure a significant contrast between the print and background . ### without prejudice to specific community legislation applicable to particular foods as regards to the requirements referred to in article 9 to , the mandatory particulars listed in article 9 shall appear on the package or on the label in a manner which ensures the legibility thereof . in a consultation procedure with representatives of the relevant interest groups , the european commission shall draw up binding rules governing the legibility of food information for consumers . those measures designed to amend non - essential elements of this regulation by supplementing it shall be adopted , in accordance with the regulatory procedure with scrutiny referred to in article 49 .


### in addition to the forms of expression referred to in article&#160 ; 31 and , the nutrition declaration may be given by other forms of expression provided that the following essential requirements are met : the form of expression aims to facilitate consumer understanding of the contribution or importance of the food to the energy and nutrient content of a diet ; and it is based either on harmonised reference intakes , or in their absence , on generally accepted scientific advice on intakes for energy or nutrients ; and it is supported by evidence of understanding of and use of the presentation of the information by the average consumer . 2 . such additional forms of expression referred to in paragraph 1 shall be identified under a national scheme referred to in article 44 . ### in addition to the forms of expression referred to in article&#160 ; 31 and , the nutrition declaration may be given by graphic forms of expression provided that the following essential requirements are met : the form of expression aims to facilitate consumer understanding of the contribution or importance of the food to the energy and nutrient content of a diet ; and it is based on the reference intakes indicated in annex xi , part b , in relation to 100 g or 100 ml . if a product is prepacked as an individual portion or if it is supplied in quantities of less than 100 g / ml , an indication per portion relating to the quantity supplied shall be sufficient . in the absence of such reference intakes , the nutrition declaration is based on generally accepted scientific advice on intakes for energy or nutrients and it is supported by evidence of understanding of and use of the presentation of the information by the average consumer . 2 . model graphic presentations are shown in annex xiii , part ca .


### member states shall ensure that at each airport a compulsory and regular procedure for consultation between the airport managing body and airport users is established with respect to the operation of the system of security charges and the level of such charges . that consultation shall take place at least once a year . ### member states shall ensure that a compulsory procedure for regular consultation between the competent body and airport users or the representatives or associations of airport users and the associations of air passengers is established with respect to the operation of the system of security charges and the level of such charges . such consultation shall take place at least once a year , unless agreed otherwise in the latest consultation . where a multi - annual agreement between the competent body and the airport users exists , the consultations shall take place as provided for in such agreement . member states shall retain the right to request more frequent consultations .


### member states shall ensure that the airport managing body provides each airport user and the representatives or associations of airport users , once a year , with information on the components serving as a basis for determining the level of all security charges levied at the airport . this information shall at least include : ### member states shall ensure that the competent body provides each airport user , or the representatives or associations of airport users , every time consultations as referred to in article 4 are to be held , with information on the components serving as a basis for determining the structure or the level of all security charges levied under its responsibility . the information shall at least include :


### it is vital for airport users to obtain from the airport managing body , on a regular basis , information on how and on what basis aviation security charges are calculated . this information will provide air carriers with an insight into the costs incurred by providing security services and the productivity of related investments . to allow an airport managing body to properly assess the requirements with regard to its future investments , the airport users should be required to share all their operational forecasts , developments projects and specific demands and wishes with the airport managing body on a timely basis . ### it is vital for airport users to obtain from the body setting or applying the charges , on a regular basis , information on how and on what basis aviation security charges are calculated . this information will provide airport users with an insight into the costs incurred by providing security services such as referred to in regulation no 300 / 2008 of 11 march 2008 on common rules in the field of civil aviation security and repealing regulation no 2320 / 20021 and its implementing rules , the productivity of related investments and any grants and subsidies allocated by the authorities for security purposes . to allow the competent body setting or applying the charges to properly assess the requirements with regard to its future investments , airport users should be required to share all their operational forecasts , developments projects and specific demands and wishes with the competent body on a timely basis __________________ 1 oj l 97 , 9 . 4 . 2008 , p . 72 .


### before adopting more stringent measures pursuant to article 6 of regulation no 300 / 2008 , member states shall undertake an impact assessment with regard to the effects on the level of security charges . with regard to more stringent national measures already existing on [ the date of entry into force of this directive ] , member states shall undertake impact assessments during a transitional period of three years from the date of entry into force of this directive . ### the additional costs of implementing more stringent measures pursuant to article 6 of regulation no 300 / 2008 shall be borne by the member states .


### impact assessments of union measures of particular relevance for the competitiveness of enterprises , with a view to identifying areas of existing legislation that need to be simplified , or areas in which new legislative measures need to be proposed ; ### fitness checks of existing legislation and impact assessments of new union measures that are of particular relevance for the competitiveness of enterprises , with a view to identifying areas of existing legislation that need to be simplified or where sme specific exemptions can be applied , and to ensure that burdens on smes are minimised in areas in which new legislative measures need to be proposed ;


### support for sme policy development and cooperation between policy makers , particularly with a view to improving the ease - of - access to programmes and measures for smes . ### support for evidence - based sme policy development and cooperation between policy makers and with sme representative organisations , particularly with a view to improving the ease - of - access to programmes and measures for smes and reducing their administrative burden .


### impact assessments of union measures of particular relevance for the competitiveness of enterprises , with a view to identifying areas of existing legislation that need to be simplified , or areas in which new legislative measures need to be proposed ; ### fitness checks of existing legislation and impact assessments of new union measures that are of particular relevance for the competitiveness of enterprises , with a view to identifying areas of existing legislation that need to be simplified , and ensuring that burdens on smes are minimised in areas in which new legislative measures are being proposed ;


### the financial instruments for growth - oriented smes may , where appropriate , be combined with other financial instruments established by member states and their managing authorities in accordance with [ article 33 of regulation no xxx / 201x [ new regulation on structural funds ] ] , and grants funded from the union , including under this regulation . ### the financial instruments for smes may , where appropriate , be combined with other financial instruments established by member states and their managing authorities in accordance with [ article 33 of regulation no xxx / 201x [ new regulation on structural funds ] ] , and grants funded from the union , including under this regulation .


### strengthening the competitiveness and sustainability of the union ' s enterprises including in the tourism sector ; ### strengthening the sustainable competitiveness of the union ' s enterprises , in particular smes ;


### to improve framework conditions for the competitiveness and sustainability of union enterprises including in the tourism sector ; ### to improve framework conditions for the sustainable competitiveness of union enterprises ;


### the programme should particularly address smes , as defined in commission recommendation 2003 / 361 / ec of 6 may 2003 concerning the definition of micro , small and medium - sized enterprises . particular attention should be paid to micro enterprises , enterprises engaged in craft activities and social enterprises . attention should also be paid to the specific characteristics and requirements of young entrepreneurs , new and potential entrepreneurs and female entrepreneurs , as well as specific target groups , such as migrants and entrepreneurs belonging to socially disadvantaged or vulnerable groups such as persons with disabilities . the programme should also encourage senior citizens to become and remain entrepreneurs and promote second chances for entrepreneurs . ### the programme should particularly address smes , as defined in commission recommendation 2003 / 361 / ec of 6 may 2003 concerning the definition of micro , small and medium - sized enterprises . when implementing the programme , the commission should closely involve relevant stakeholders , in particular sme representative organisations , using existing structures to the greatest extent possible . particular attention should be paid to micro enterprises , enterprises engaged in craft activities , the self - employed , liberal professions and social enterprises . attention should also be paid to the specific characteristics and requirements of young entrepreneurs , new and potential entrepreneurs and female entrepreneurs .


### the commission shall support actions which aim to improve access to finance for smes in their start - up and growth phases , being complementary to the member states ' use of financial instruments for smes at national and regional level . in order to ensure complementarity , these actions will be closely coordinated with those undertaken in the framework of cohesion policy and at national level . such actions shall aim to stimulate the supply of both equity and debt finance . ### the commission shall support actions which aim to improve access to finance for smes in their start - up , growth and transfer phases , being complementary to the member states ' use of financial instruments for smes at national and regional level . in order to ensure complementarity , these actions will be closely coordinated with those undertaken in the framework of cohesion policy , horizon 2020 and at national or regional level . such actions shall aim to stimulate the supply of both equity and debt finance .


### the commission may support actions to improve smes access to the single market including information provision and awareness - raising . ### the commission may support actions to improve smes access to the single market including information provision , creating platforms and awareness - raising .


### in order to contribute to the reinforcement of competitiveness and sustainability of union enterprises , in particular smes , the advancement of the knowledge society , and development based on balanced economic growth , a programme for the competitiveness of enterprises and smes should be established . ### in order to contribute to the reinforcement of sustainable competitiveness of union enterprises , in particular smes , to encourage an entrepreneurial culture and to promote the creation and growth of smes , a programme for the competitiveness of enterprises and smes should be established .


### financial instruments under the programme shall be operated with the aim of facilitating access to finance for growth - oriented smes . the financial instruments shall include an equity facility and a loan guarantee facility . ### financial instruments under the programme shall be operated with the aim of facilitating access to finance for smes in their start - up , growth and transfer phases . the financial instruments shall include an equity facility and a loan guarantee facility . the allocation of funds to different facilities shall be based on market demand and take account of opinions of sme representative organisations .


### another factor which affects competitiveness is the relatively weak entrepreneurial spirit in the union . only 45% of the union citizens would like to be self - employed as compared to 55% of the population in the united states and 71% in china . demonstration and catalytic effects , for example european awards and conferences , as well as coherence and consistency enhancing measures such as benchmarking and exchanges of best practices provide a high european added value . ### another factor which affects competitiveness is the relatively weak entrepreneurial spirit in the union . only 45% of the union citizens would like to be self - employed as compared to 55% of the population in the united states and 71% in china . according to the sba , a business environment favourable to entrepreneurship must provide good framework conditions for all situations that entrepreneurs face , including start - up , growth , transfer and bankruptcy . coherence and consistency enhancing measures such as benchmarking and exchanges of best practices provide a high european added value .


### the commission may support initiatives accelerating the emergence of competitive industries based on cross - sectoral activities in areas characterised by a high proportion of smes and with a high contribution to the union ' s gdp . such initiatives shall stimulate development of new markets and the supply of goods and services based on the most competitive business models or on modified value - chains . they shall include initiatives to enhance productivity , resource efficiency , sustainability and corporate social responsibility . ### the commission shall support cross - sectoral initiatives accelerating the emergence of competitive industries . such initiatives shall stimulate development of new markets and the supply of goods and services based on the most competitive business models , improved products and processes , changed organisational structures or modified value - chains . they shall include initiatives to enhance productivity , sustainability , in particular resource and energy efficiency , and corporate social responsibility . the commission may also support sector - specific activities for those purposes , in areas characterised by a high proportion of smes and with a high contribution to the union ' s gdp , such as the tourism sector , where an added value at union level can be demonstrated .


### the commission adopted the communication ' europe 2020 - a strategy for smart , sustainable and inclusive growth ' in march 2010 . the communication was endorsed by the european council of june 2010 . the europe 2020 strategy responds to the economic crisis and is intended to prepare europe for the next decade . it sets five ambitious objectives on climate and energy , employment , innovation , education and social inclusion to be reached by 2020 and identifies key drivers for growth , which aim at making europe more dynamic and competitive . it also emphasises the importance of reinforcing the growth of the european economy while delivering high levels of employment , a low carbon , resource and energy - efficient economy and social cohesion . ### the commission adopted the communication ' europe 2020 - a strategy for smart , sustainable and inclusive growth ' in march 2010 . the communication was endorsed by the european council of june 2010 . the europe 2020 strategy responds to the economic crisis and is intended to prepare europe for the next decade . it sets five ambitious objectives on climate and energy , employment , innovation , education and social inclusion to be reached by 2020 and identifies key drivers for growth , which aim at making europe more dynamic and competitive . it also emphasises the importance of reinforcing the growth of the european economy while delivering high levels of employment , a low carbon , resource and energy - efficient economy and social cohesion . small and medium - sized enterprises should play a crucial role in reaching the europe 2020 objectives . their role is reflected by the fact that smes are mentioned in six out of seven of its flagship initiatives .


### measures to improve the design , implementation and evaluation of policies affecting the competitiveness and sustainability of enterprises , including disaster resilience , and to secure the development of appropriate infrastructures , world class clusters and business networks , framework conditions and development of sustainable products , services and processes ; ### measures to improve the design , implementation and evaluation of policies affecting the sustainable competitiveness of enterprises and to support business networks , the transnational operation of clusters and the development of sustainable products , services and processes ;


### the enterprise europe network has proven its added value for european smes as a one - stop - shop for business support by helping enterprises to improve their competitiveness and explore business opportunities in the single market and beyond . the streamlining of methodologies and working methods and provisions of a european dimension to business support services can only be achieved at union level . in particular , the network has helped smes to find cooperation or technology transfer partners , get advice on sources of financing , and on intellectual property and on eco - innovation and sustainable production . it has also obtained feedback on union legislation and standards . its unique expertise is particularly important in overcoming information asymmetries and alleviating transaction costs associated with cross - border transactions . ### the enterprise europe network has proven its added value for european smes as a one - stop - shop for business support by helping enterprises to improve their competitiveness and explore business opportunities in the single market and beyond . the streamlining of methodologies and working methods and provisions of a european dimension to business support services can only be achieved at union level . in particular , the network has helped smes to find cooperation or technology transfer partners , get advice on sources of financing , and on intellectual property and on eco - innovation and sustainable production . it has also obtained feedback on union legislation and standards . its unique expertise is particularly important in overcoming information asymmetries and alleviating transaction costs associated with cross - border transactions . nevertheless , the performance of the network should be further optimised , notably by achieving closer cooperation between the network and the national contact points of horizon 2020 , further integrating internationalisation and innovation services , enhancing cooperation of the network with other stakeholders and already existing support structures , increasing consultations of host organisations , reducing bureaucracy , improving it support and enhancing the profile of the network . with a view to further improving the performance of the network , the commission should take stock of the different governance structures across the eu in collaboration with sme organisations and innovation agencies . the tasks of the network should be laid down in the programme , including information , feedback , business cooperation and internationalisation services in the single market and in third countries , innovation services and services encouraging participation of smes in horizon 2020 .


### the competitiveness policy of the union is intended to put into place the institutional and policy arrangements that create conditions under which enterprises can grow in a sustainable way . improved productivity is the dominant source of sustainable income growth , which in turn contributes to improvements in living standards . competitiveness also depends on companies ' ability to take full advantage of opportunities such as the european single market . this is especially important for smes , which account for 99% of the enterprises in the union , provide two out of three existing jobs in the private sector , and 80 % of newly - created jobs , and contribute with more than half of the total value - added created by enterprises in the union . smes are a key driver for economic growth , employment and social integration . ### the competitiveness policy of the union is intended to put into place the institutional and policy arrangements that create conditions under which enterprises can grow in a sustainable way . sustainable competitiveness reflects the ability to achieve and maintain the economic competitiveness of industry in accordance with sustainable development objectives . improved productivity is the dominant source of sustainable income growth , which in turn contributes to improvements in living standards . competitiveness also depends on companies ' ability to take full advantage of opportunities such as the european single market . this is especially important for smes , which account for 99% of the enterprises in the union , provide two out of three existing jobs in the private sector , and 80 % of newly - created jobs , and contribute with more than half of the total value - added created by enterprises in the union . smes are a key driver for economic growth , employment and social integration .


### impact assessments of union measures of particular relevance for the competitiveness of enterprises , with a view to identifying areas of existing legislation that need to be simplified , or areas in which new legislative measures need to be proposed ; ### ‘ fitness checks’ of existing legislation and impact assessments of union measures of particular relevance for the competitiveness and growth of enterprises , and in particular smes , with a view to identifying areas of existing legislation that need to be simplified or repealed and to ensure that burdens on smes are minimised in areas in which new legislative measures are proposed ;


### to improve the competitiveness of european enterprises , notably smes , the member states and the commission need to create a favourable business environment . the interests of smes and the sectors in which they are most active need particular attention . initiatives at union level are necessary in order to develop a level playing field for smes and to exchange information and knowledge on a european scale . ### to improve the competitiveness of european enterprises , notably smes , the member states and the commission need to create a favourable business environment in accordance with the principles of the sba . initiatives at union level are necessary in order to develop a level playing field for smes and to exchange information and knowledge on a european scale .


### the programme should particularly address smes , as defined in commission recommendation 2003 / 361 / ec of 6 may 2003 concerning the definition of micro , small and medium - sized enterprises . 16 particular attention should be paid to micro enterprises , enterprises engaged in craft activities and social enterprises . attention should also be paid to the specific characteristics and requirements of young entrepreneurs , new and potential entrepreneurs and female entrepreneurs , as well as specific target groups , such as migrants and entrepreneurs belonging to socially disadvantaged or vulnerable groups such as persons with disabilities . the programme should also encourage senior citizens to become and remain entrepreneurs and promote second chances for entrepreneurs . ### the programme should particularly address smes , as defined in commission recommendation 2003 / 361 / ec of 6 may 2003 concerning the definition of micro , small and medium - sized enterprises . 16 particular attention should be paid to micro enterprises , enterprises engaged in craft activities and social enterprises . attention should also be paid to the specific characteristics and requirements of young entrepreneurs , new and potential entrepreneurs and female entrepreneurs .


### the evaluation of legislation affecting enterprises , specific industrial policy and competitiveness - related measures . ### the evaluation of legislation affecting enterprises , in particular smes , industrial policy and competitiveness - related measures .


### the commission shall be empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with article 18 concerning changes to the details of the specific actions set out in annex ii to this regulation if economic market developments so require or according to the results achieved by the competitiveness and innovation framework programme loan guarantee facility and the risk sharing instrument of the 7th framework programme for risk sharing financial facility . ### the commission shall be empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with article 18 concerning changes to the indicators in article 2 and annex i , changes to the budget for financial instruments in article 4 and to the financial instruments themselves in articles 14 , 14a and 14b if economic market developments so require or according to the results achieved by the competitiveness and innovation framework programme loan guarantee facility and the risk sharing instrument of the 7th framework programme for risk sharing financial facility .


### the commission shall support actions to improve and strengthen the competitiveness and sustainability of union enterprises , particularly smes , so as to enhance the effectiveness , coherence and consistency of national policies promoting competitiveness , sustainability and the growth of enterprises in europe . ### the commission shall support actions to improve the framework conditions for the sustainable competitiveness of union enterprises , particularly smes , so as to enhance the effectiveness , coherence and consistency of national policies promoting sustainable competitiveness and growth of enterprises in europe , in accordance with the principles of the small business act .


### the commission may support actions to improve smes access to the single market including information provision and awareness - raising . ### the commission shall support actions to improve smes access to the single market including information provision and awareness - raising .


### the programme shall contribute to the following general objectives , paying particular attention to the specific needs of smes at european and global level : ### the programme shall contribute to the following general objectives , paying particular attention to the specific needs of european smes :


### details of the actions referred to in paragraph 1 of this article are laid down in annex ii . ### details of the actions referred to in paragraph 1 of this article are laid down in article 14 .


### impact assessments of union measures of particular relevance for the competitiveness of enterprises , with a view to identifying areas of existing legislation that need to be simplified , or areas in which new legislative measures need to be proposed ; ### fitness checks of existing legislation and impact assessments of new union measures that are of particular relevance for the competitiveness of enterprises , with a view to identifying areas of existing legislation that need to be simplified , and ensuring that burdens on smes are minimised in areas in which new legislative measures are being proposed ;


### support for sme policy development and cooperation between policy makers , particularly with a view to improving the ease - of - access to programmes and measures for smes . ### support for evidence - based sme policy development and cooperation between policy makers and with sme representative organisations , particularly with a view to improving the ease - of - access to programmes and measures for smes and reducing their administrative burden .


### the financial envelope for implementing the programme shall be eur 2 . 522 billion , of which approximately eur 1 . 4 billion shall be allocated to financial instruments . ### the financial envelope for implementing the programme shall be [ eur 2 . 522 billion ] , of which at least 55 , 5 % shall be allocated to financial instruments . the commission may decide to amend the 55 , 5% threshold where the supply of finance under those financial instruments exceeds demand .


### the limited internationalisation of smes both within and outside europe affects competitiveness . according to some estimates currently 25% of the smes in the union export or have exported at some point over the last three years , of which only 13% export outside the union on a regular basis and only 2 % have invested beyond their home country . in line with the small business act , which called on the union and the member states to support and encourage smes to benefit from the growth of markets outside the union , the eu supports a network of european business organisations in more than 20 markets abroad . it provides financial assistance to the eu - japan centre for industrial cooperation , business bodies in hong kong , malaysia and singapore as well as the european business and technology centre in india , eu sme centres in china and in thailand and the china intellectual property rights sme helpdesk . european added value is created by bundling national efforts in this domain , avoiding duplication , promoting cooperation and by offering services that would lack critical mass if provided at national level . ### the limited internationalisation of smes both within and outside europe affects competitiveness . according to some estimates currently 25% of the smes in the union export or have exported at some point over the last three years , of which only 13% export outside the union on a regular basis and only 2 % have invested beyond their home country . in line with the small business act , which called on the union and the member states to support and encourage smes to benefit from the growth of markets outside the union , the eu supports a network of european business organisations in more than 20 markets abroad . it provides financial assistance to the eu - japan centre for industrial cooperation , business bodies in hong kong , malaysia and singapore as well as the european business and technology centre in india , eu sme centres in china and in thailand and the china intellectual property rights sme helpdesk . european added value is created by bundling national efforts in this domain , avoiding duplication , promoting cooperation and by offering services that would lack critical mass if provided at national level . such services could , among others , include information on intellectual property rights , standards and public procurement opportunities .


### many of the union ' s competitiveness problems involve smes ' difficulties in getting access to finance because they struggle to demonstrate their credit - worthiness and have difficulties in gaining access to risk capital . this has a negative effect on the level and quality of the new enterprises created and on the growth of enterprises . the added value for the union of the proposed financial instruments lies inter alia in strengthening the single market for venture capital and in developing a pan - european sme finance market . the union ' s actions should be complementary to the member states ' use of financial instruments for smes . the entities entrusted with the implementation of the actions should ensure additionality and avoid double financing through eu resources . ### many of the union ' s competitiveness problems involve smes ' difficulties in getting access to finance because they struggle to demonstrate their credit - worthiness and have difficulties in gaining access to risk capital . this has a negative effect on the level and quality of the new enterprises created and on the growth and survival rate of enterprises . the added value for the union of the proposed financial instruments lies inter alia in strengthening the single market for venture capital , in developing a pan - european sme finance market and in addressing market failures that cannot be addressed by member states . the union ' s actions should be complementary to the member states ' use of financial instruments for smes . the entities entrusted with the implementation of the actions should ensure additionality and avoid double financing through eu resources . the programme should promote access to finance for smes in their start - up , growth and transfer phases .


### the programme should complement other union programmes , while acknowledging that each instrument should work according to its own specific procedures . thus , the same eligible costs should not receive double funding . with the aim to achieve added value and substantial impact of union funding , close synergies should be developed between the programme , other union programmes and the structural funds . ### the programme should complement other union programmes , while acknowledging that each instrument should work according to its own specific procedures . thus , the same eligible costs should not receive double funding . with the aim to achieve added value and substantial impact of union funding , close synergies should be developed between the programme and other union programmes , in particular horizon 2020 — the new framework programme for research and innovation and the structural funds .


### the commission shall support actions which aim to improve access to finance for smes in their start - up and growth phases , being complementary to the member states ' use of financial instruments for smes at national and regional level . in order to ensure complementarity , these actions will be closely coordinated with those undertaken in the framework of cohesion policy and at national level . such actions shall aim to stimulate the supply of both equity and debt finance . ### the commission shall support actions which aim to improve access to finance for smes in their start - up , growth and transfer phases , being complementary to the member states ' use of financial instruments for smes at national and regional level . in order to ensure complementarity , these actions will be closely coordinated with those undertaken in the framework of cohesion policy , horizon 2020 and at national or regional level . such actions shall aim to stimulate the supply of both equity and debt finance .


### measures to improve the design , implementation and evaluation of policies affecting the competitiveness and sustainability of enterprises , including disaster resilience , and to secure the development of appropriate infrastructures , world class clusters and business networks , framework conditions and development of sustainable products , services and processes ; ### measures to improve the design , implementation and evaluation of policies affecting the sustainable competitiveness of enterprises and to support business networks , the transnational operation of clusters and the development of sustainable products , services and processes ;


### impact assessments of union measures of particular relevance for the competitiveness of enterprises , with a view to identifying areas of existing legislation that need to be simplified , or areas in which new legislative measures need to be proposed ; ### systematic impact assessments of union measures of relevance for the competitiveness of enterprises , in particular smes , with special attention being paid to micro - enterprises , with a view to identifying areas of existing legislation that need to be simplified , or areas in which new legislative measures need to be proposed ;


### the commission may support initiatives accelerating the emergence of competitive industries based on cross - sectoral activities in areas characterised by a high proportion of smes and with a high contribution to the union ' s gdp . such initiatives shall stimulate development of new markets and the supply of goods and services based on the most competitive business models or on modified value - chains . they shall include initiatives to enhance productivity , resource efficiency , sustainability and corporate social responsibility . ### the commission shall support cross - sectoral initiatives accelerating the emergence of competitive industries . such initiatives shall stimulate development of new markets and the supply of goods and services based on the most competitive business models , improved products and processes , changed organisational structures or modified value - chains . they shall include initiatives to enhance productivity , sustainability , in particular resource and energy efficiency , and corporate social responsibility . the commission may also support sector - specific activities for those purposes , in areas characterised by a high proportion of smes and with a high contribution to the union ' s gdp , such as the tourism sector , where an added value at union level can be demonstrated .


### the programme should indicate actions for the objectives , the total financial envelope for pursuing those objectives , different types of implementing measures , and the arrangements for monitoring and evaluation and for protection of the union ' s financial interests . ### the programme should indicate actions for the objectives , the total financial envelope for pursuing those objectives , different types of implementing measures , and the arrangements for monitoring and evaluation and for protection of the union ' s financial interests . the commission should develop a set of performance indicators in cooperation with experts and relevant stakeholders , including sme representative organisations , as a basis for assessing to what extent the actions of the programme have contributed to achieving its objectives .


### the achievement of these objectives shall be measured using notably the relevant eu periodic reports on the implementation of the policy , and for paragraphs 2 , and , the relevant indicators established by international organisations and other relevant bodies ; for paragraphs 2 , and the uptake of the eu regulatory framework by the partner countries as relevant ; for paragraphs 2 and , the number of relevant agreements and cooperation actions . the indicators will include , among others , adequately monitored democratic elections , level of corruption , trade flows , indicators enabling measuring internal economic disparities , including employment levels . ### the achievement of these objectives shall be measured using notably the relevant eu periodic reports on the implementation of the policy , and for paragraphs 2 , and , the relevant indicators established by international organisations and other relevant bodies ; for paragraphs 2 , and the uptake of the eu regulatory framework by the partner countries as relevant ; for paragraphs 2 and , the number of relevant agreements and cooperation actions . the indicators will include , among others , adequately monitored democratic elections , level of corruption , trade flows , indicators enabling measuring internal economic disparities , including the number of people receiving training and employment levels .


### without prejudice to specific community legislation applicable to particular foods as regards to the requirements referred to in article 9 to , when appearing on the package or on the label attached thereto , the mandatory particulars listed in article&#160 ; 9 shall be printed on the package or on the label in characters of a font size of at least 3mm and shall be presented in a way so as to ensure a significant contrast between the print and background . ### without prejudice to specific community legislation applicable to particular foods as regards to the requirements referred to in article 9 to , the mandatory particulars listed in article 9 shall be printed on the package or on the label in a clearly legible manner . in a consultation procedure with representatives of the relevant interest groups , the european commission shall draw up binding rules governing the legibility of food information for consumers . those measures , designed to amend non - essential elements of this regulation by supplementing it , shall be adopted in accordance with the regulatory procedure with scrutiny referred to in article 49 .


### without prejudice to specific community legislation applicable to particular foods as regards to the requirements referred to in article 9 to , when appearing on the package or on the label attached thereto , the mandatory particulars listed in article&#160 ; 9 shall be printed on the package or on the label in characters of a font size of at least 3mm and shall be presented in a way so as to ensure a significant contrast between the print and background . ### without prejudice to specific community legislation applicable to particular foods as regards to the requirements referred to in article 9 to , when appearing on the package or on the label attached thereto , the mandatory particulars listed in article&#160 ; 9 shall be printed on the package or on the label in such a way as to ensure clear legibility . 1a . together with representatives of the relevant interest groups , the commission shall draw up guidelines for legibility .


### in order to prevent a fragmentation of the rules concerning the responsibility of food business operators with respect to food information it is appropriate to clarify the responsibilities of food business operators in this area . ### in order to prevent a fragmentation of the rules concerning the responsibility of food business operators with respect to incorrect , misleading or missing food information it is essential that the responsibilities of food business operators in this area should be clearly laid down .


### the amount of energy and nutrients referred to in paragraph 1 shall be expressed per 100 g or per 100 ml or , subject to article 32 and , per portion . ### the amount of energy and nutrients referred to in paragraph 1 shall be expressed per 100g or per 100ml . in addition , the amount of energy and nutrients may be expressed per portion . if the food is prepacked as an individual portion , the energy and nutrition values referred to in paragraph 1 must also be indicated . if information is provided per portion , the number of portions which the package contains must be indicated , the portion size must be realistic and it must be presented or explained in a manner which is comprehensible to the average consumer . in cooperation with food enterprises and the competent authorities of the member states , the commission shall develop guidelines for the indication of realistic portion sizes . such measures , designed to amend non - essential elements of this regulation , shall be adopted in accordance with the regulatory procedure with scrutiny referred to in article 49 .


### mandatory food information shall be available before the purchase is concluded and shall appear on the material supporting the distance selling or be provided through other appropriate means ; ### the food information stipulated in articles 9 and 29 shall be available at the request of consumers before the purchase is concluded and may appear on the material supporting the distance selling or be provided through other appropriate means .


### in the case of packaging or containers the largest surface of which has an area of less than 10 cm2 only the particulars listed in article 9 , , and shall be mandatory on the package or on the label . the particulars referred to in article 9 shall be provided through other means or shall be available at the request of the consumer . ### in the case of packaging or containers the largest printable surface of which has an area of less than 80 cm2 only the particulars listed in article 9 , , and and article 29 shall be mandatory on the package or on the label . the particulars referred to in article 9 shall be provided through other means or shall be available at the request of the consumer .


### food business operators placing on the market for the first time a food intended for supply to the final consumer or mass caterer shall ensure the presence and accuracy of the food information in accordance with the applicable food information law . ### to the extent that their activities affect the food information within the business under their control , food business operators shall ensure that the information provided satisfies the requirements of this regulation .


### to appeal to the average consumer and to serve the informative purpose for which it is introduced , and given the current level of knowledge on the subject of nutrition , the information provided should be simple and easily understood . research has indicated that consumers find the information in the principal field of view or ‘ front of pack’ is useful when making purchasing decisions . therefore , to ensure that consumers can readily see the essential nutrition information when purchasing foods such information should be in the principal field of view of the label . ### to appeal to the average consumer and to serve the informative purpose for which it is introduced , and given the current level of knowledge on the subject of nutrition , the information provided should be simple and easily understandable . research has shown that consumers want information on four key nutrients in the principal field of view or ‘ front of pack’ as they find this information useful when making purchasing decisions . therefore , this limited amount of information should be mandatory on the front of the pack and should be accompanied by a more complete nutrition declaration on the back of the pack .


### without prejudice to paragraphs 3 and 4 , food business operators , within the businesses under their control , shall ensure compliance with the requirements of food information law which are relevant to their activities and shall verify that such requirements are met . ### the person responsible for food information shall ensure the presence and substantive accuracy of the particulars given .


### the country of origin or place of provenance where failure to indicate this might mislead the consumer to a material degree as to the true country of origin or place of provenance of the food , in particular if the information accompanying the food or the label as a whole would otherwise imply that the food has a different country of origin or place of provenance ; in such cases the indication shall be in accordance with the rules laid down in article 35 and and those established in accordance with article 35 ; ### the country of origin or place of provenance where failure to indicate this might mislead the consumer to a material degree as to the true country of origin or place of provenance of the food ;


### the nutrition declaration may also include the amounts of one or more of the following : trans fats ; mono - unsaturates ; polyunsaturates ; polyols ; starch ; fibre ; protein ; any of the minerals or vitamins listed in point 1 of part a of annex xi , and present in significant amounts as defined in point 2 of part a of annex xi . ### the nutrition declaration may also include the amounts of one or more of the following : mono - unsaturates ; polyunsaturates ; polyols ; starch ; fibre ; any of the minerals or vitamins listed in point 1 of part a of annex xi , and present in significant amounts as defined in point 2 of part a of annex xi .


### recent developments in the expression of the nutrition declaration , other than per 100g / 100ml / portion , by some member states and organisations in the food sector suggest that consumers like such schemes as they can help them make informed choices quickly . however , there is not evidence across all the community on how the average consumer understands and uses the alternative expression of the information . therefore , it is appropriate to allow for different schemes to be developed and to allow research on consumer understanding in different member states to continue so that , if appropriate , harmonised schemes may be introduced . ### recent developments in the expression of the nutrition declaration , other than per 100g / 100ml / portion , by some member states and organisations in the food sector suggest that consumers like schemes with an interpretative element as they can help them make informed healthy choices quickly . the available evidence has proven that a simplified labelling scheme which comprises multiple colour coding for easier and quicker interpretation of nutrition information is the best and preferred option for consumers .


### where food information covered by this regulation is provided on a voluntary basis , such information shall comply with the relevant specific requirements laid down in this regulation . ### where food information covered by this regulation is provided on a voluntary basis , such information shall comply with the relevant specific requirements laid down in this regulation . where food information pursuant to articles 9 and 10 or voluntary information is provided for non - prepacked foods , it shall comply with national law pursuant to article 13 and article 41 . 1a . voluntary information shall not be displayed to the detriment of the space available for mandatory information .


### free movement within the area without internal border controls is a key union achievement . as free movement is affected by the temporary reintroduction of border control at internal borders , any decision to do so should be taken at the union level . in any case , reintroduction of border control at internal borders should only take place as a measure of last resort , for a strictly limited scope and period of time , based on specific objective criteria and on an assessment of its necessity which should be made at union level . in cases where the serious threat to public policy or internal security requires immediate action , a member state should be able to reintroduce border control at its internal borders for a period not exceeding five days , any prolongation of which needs to be decided at union level . ### free movement within the area without internal border controls is a key union achievement . as free movement is affected by the temporary reintroduction of border control at internal borders , any decision to do so should be coordinated . in any case , reintroduction of border control at internal borders should only take place as a measure of last resort , for a strictly limited scope and period of time , based on specific objective criteria and on an assessment of its necessity which should be made in a coordinated manner . in cases where the serious threat to public policy or internal security requires immediate action , a member state should be able to reintroduce border control at its internal borders for a period not exceeding ten days , any prolongation of which needs to be decided in a coordinated manner .


### following a request by a member state pursuant to paragraph 1 , or on its own initiative based on the information specified in sections to of that paragraph , the commission shall decide on the reintroduction of border control at internal borders . those implementing acts shall be adopted in accordance with the examination procedure referred to in article 33a . ### following notification by the member state planning to reintroduce border control and for the purpose of the consultation provided for in paragraph 4 , the commission may issue an opinion without prejudice to article 72 tfeu .


### the situations can arise where a large numbers of third country nationals cross the external border of one or more member states . this might result in an unexpected and significant increase in secondary movements of third country nationals found to be irregularly staying in the territory of another member state or states . taking into account the number of member states affected by such an unexpected and significant increase in secondary movements , and the overall impact of this increase on the migratory situation in the union or in an individual member state , it may be considered necessary to temporarily reintroduce border control at internal borders where the circumstances would be such as to constitute a serious threat to public policy or to internal security at the union or national level . the crossing of the external border of a large number of third - country nationals might , in exceptional circumstances , justify the immediate reintroduction of some internal border controls , if such a measure is needed to safeguard public policy and internal security at the union or national level from a serious and urgent threat . ### the crossing of external borders by a large number of third - country nationals should not per se be considered to be a threat to public policy or internal security .


### the temporary reintroduction of certain controls at internal borders could also be a response to serious deficiencies identified by schengen evaluations in accordance with article 15 of the regulation on the establishment of an evaluation and monitoring mechanism to verify the application of the schengen acquis , where the circumstances would be such as to constitute a serious threat to public policy or to internal security at the union or national level . ### the temporary reintroduction of certain controls at internal borders could also be a response to serious deficiencies identified by schengen evaluations in accordance with article 15 of the regulation on the establishment of an evaluation and monitoring mechanism to verify the application of the schengen acquis , where the circumstances would be such as to constitute a serious threat to public policy or to internal security in the area without internal border controls .


### the commission shall decide on the reintroduction of border control at internal borders . those implementing acts shall be adopted in accordance with the examination procedure referred to in article 33a . ### where no other measures are capable of effectively mitigating the serious threat identified , the commission shall transmit to the european parliament and to the council a report assessing the necessity of the reintroduction of border control at internal borders , as a measure of last resort , to protect common interests in the area without internal border controls . the european parliament and the council may present their opinions within one month after which the commission may decide on the reintroduction of border control at internal borders by means of an implementing act in accordance with the examination procedure referred to in article 33a .


### before any decision is taken on the temporary reintroduction of certain controls at internal borders , the possibility of resorting to measures aimed at addressing the underlying situation , including assistance by union bodies such as frontex or europol , and technical or financial support measures at the national and / or union level , should be fully explored . moreover , any decision to reintroduce internal border control should be based on substantiated information , which may be provided by the member state requesting the reintroduction , or come from other sources , including inspection visits . ### before any decision is taken on the temporary reintroduction of certain controls at internal borders , the possibility of resorting to measures aimed at addressing the underlying situation , including assistance by union bodies such as frontex or europol , and technical or financial support measures at the national and / or union level , should be fully explored . moreover , any decision to reintroduce internal border control should be based on substantiated information , which may be provided by the member states , or come from other sources , including inspection visits .


### the current and likely future impact of any serious deficiencies related to external border control or return procedures identified by schengen evaluations in accordance with the regulation on the establishment of an evaluation and monitoring mechanism to verify the application of the schengen acquis ; ### the current and likely future impact of any serious deficiencies related to external border control identified by schengen evaluations in accordance with the regulation on the establishment of an evaluation and monitoring mechanism to verify the application of the schengen acquis ;


### in cases where the commission finds that there are persistent serious deficiencies related to external border control or return procedures identified in accordance with article 15 of the regulation on the establishment of an evaluation and monitoring mechanism to verify the application of the schengen acquis , and insofar as these deficiencies constitute a serious threat to public policy or internal security at the union or national level , border control at internal borders may be reintroduced for a period of no more than six months . this period can be prolonged by a further period of no more than six months if the serious deficiencies are not remedied . no more than three such prolongations will be possible . ### in cases where the commission finds that there are persistent serious deficiencies related to external border control identified in accordance with article 15 of the regulation on the establishment of an evaluation and monitoring mechanism to verify the application of the schengen acquis , border control at internal borders may be reintroduced for a period of no more than six months . this period can be prolonged by a further period of no more than six months if the serious deficiencies are not remedied . no more than three such prolongations will be possible .


### article 29 report on the reintroduction of border control at internal borders at the latest four weeks after the lifting of border control at internal borders , the member state which has carried out border control at internal borders shall present a report to the european parliament , the council and the commission on the reintroduction of border control at internal borders , outlining , in particular , the operation of the checks and the effectiveness of the reintroduction of border control at internal borders . ### article 29 accountability in order to enhance the dialogue between the european parliament , the council and the commission , and to ensure greater transparency and accountability at the latest four weeks after the lifting of border control at internal borders , the member state which has carried out border control shall present a report to the european parliament , the council and the commission on the reintroduction of border control at internal borders , outlining , in particular , the operation of the checks , the effectiveness of the reintroduction of border control at internal borders and the proportionality of the measures taken . 2 . the commission shall present to the european parliament and to the council an annual report on the functioning of the area without internal border controls . the report shall include a list of all decisions to reintroduce controls at internal borders taken during the year covered . 3 . the representatives of the member states which have reintroduced internal border controls referred to in paragraph 1 shall be invited to the presentation of the report referred to in paragraph 2 .


### in order to ensure uniform conditions for the implementation of this regulation , implementing powers should be conferred on the commission . these powers should be exercised in accordance with regulation no 182 / 2011 of the european parliament and of the council of 16 february 2011 laying down the rules and general principles concerning mechanisms for control by member states of the commission ' s exercise of implementing powers . except in cases of urgency , and in view of the terms of article 2 of that regulation , the examination procedure is applicable . ### in order to ensure uniform conditions for the implementation of article 26 of regulation no 562 / 2006 , implementing powers should be conferred on the commission . those powers should be exercised in accordance with regulation no 182 / 2011 of the european parliament and of the council of 16 february 2011 laying down the rules and general principles concerning mechanisms for control by member states of the commission ' s exercise of implementing powers . in view of the terms of article 2 of that regulation , the examination procedure should be used for the adoption of those implementing acts .


### in order to ensure uniform conditions for the implementation of this regulation , implementing powers should be conferred on the commission . these powers should be exercised in accordance with regulation no 182 / 2011 of the european parliament and of the council of 16 february 2011 laying down the rules and general principles concerning mechanisms for control by member states of the commission ' s exercise of implementing powers . except in cases of urgency , and in view of the terms of article 2 of that regulation , the examination procedure is applicable . ### for cases of persistent serious deficiencies identified in accordance with article 15 of the regulation no . . . / 2012 of the european parliament and of the council of [ . . . ] [ on the establishment of an evaluation and monitoring mechanism to verify the application of the schengen acquis ] and in order to ensure uniform conditions and democratic scrutiny , a european mechanism for the reintroduction of temporary and exceptional border controls at internal borders should be established . under this mechanism , the commission should transmit to the european parliament and to the council a report assessing the necessity of the reintroduction of border controls at internal borders as a measure of last resort . the european parliament and the council should present their opinions within one month after which the commission should be able to decide on the reintroduction of border control at internal borders by way of implementing acts , in accordance with regulation no 182 / 2011 of the european parliament and of the council of 16 february 2011 laying down the rules and general principles concerning mechanisms for control by member states of the commission ' s exercise of implementing powers . in view of the terms of article 2 of that regulation , the examination procedure should be used for the adoption of those implementing acts .


### the creation of an area in which the free movement of persons across internal borders is ensured is one of the main achievements of the european union . in such an area without controls at internal borders , it is necessary to have a common response to situations seriously affecting the public policy or internal security of the european union or of one or more member states by allowing for the reintroduction of border control at internal borders in exceptional circumstances , but without jeopardising the principle of the free movement of persons . a common union response is therefore needed , given the impact that such measures of last resort may have on all persons having the right to circulate within this area without border control at internal borders . ### the creation of an area in which the free movement of persons across internal borders is ensured is one of the main achievements of the european union . in such an area without controls at internal borders , it is necessary to have a common response to situations seriously affecting the public policy or internal security of the european union or of one or more member states by allowing for the reintroduction of border control at internal borders in exceptional circumstances , but without jeopardising the principle of the free movement of persons . a coordinated response is therefore needed , given the impact that such measures of last resort may have on all persons having the right to circulate within this area without border control at internal borders .


### member states may provide that , at the request of the subcontractor and where the nature of the contract so allows , the contracting entity shall transfer due payments directly to the subcontractor for services , supplies or works provided to the main contractor . in such case , member states shall put in place appropriate mechanisms permitting the main contractor to object to undue payments . the arrangements concerning that mode of payment shall be set out in the procurement documents . ### member states may provide that , if requested by the subcontractor and where the nature of the contract so allows , the contracting entity shall transfer due payments directly to the subcontractor for services , supplies or works provided to the main contractor . in such case , member states shall put in place appropriate mechanisms permitting the main contractor to object to undue payments . the arrangements concerning that mode of payment shall be set out in the procurement documents .


### the common fisheries policy shall apply the precautionary approach to fisheries management , and shall aim to ensure , by 2015 , that exploitation of living marine biological resources restores and maintains populations of harvested species above levels which can produce the maximum sustainable yield . ### the common fisheries policy shall apply the precautionary approach to fisheries and aquaculture management , and shall aim to ensure that exploitation of living marine biological resources restores and maintains populations of harvested species above levels which can produce the maximum sustainable yield by 2015 where scientifically , socially and economically feasible , and no later than 2020 for other species on a case - by - case basis .


### for the purpose of achieving the general objectives set out in article 2 , the common fisheries policy shall in particular : eliminate unwanted catches of commercial stocks and gradually ensure that all catches of such stocks are landed ; provide conditions for efficient fishing activities within an economically viable and competitive fishing industry ; promote the development of union aquaculture activities to contribute to food security and employment in coastal and rural areas ; contribute to a fair standard of living for those who depend on fishing activities ; take into account the interests of consumers ; ensure systematic and harmonised data collection and management . ### for the purpose of achieving the general objectives set out in article 2 , the common fisheries policy shall in particular : ensure that by 2015 fishing opportunities are determined in accordance with the best available scientific advice and are set at levels that will restore and maintain populations of all stocks of harvested species above levels capable of producing maximum sustainable yield ; ensure that the management and exploitation of fish stocks is conducted within the framework of multiannual plans embracing every fishery ; eliminate unwanted catches through the development and use of selective gear and other means , starting with commercial stocks and gradually ensuring that catches of all fish are landed , with the exception of species specifically exempted and listed by the commission as being able to survive discard ; provide and promote conditions for efficient , sustainable and low - impact fishing activities within an economically viable and competitive fishing industry where access to resources is based on equitable and transparent criteria ; promote the development of environmentally sustainable and ecosystem - based union aquaculture activities to contribute to food security and employment in coastal and rural areas ; contribute to a fair standard of living for those in coastal communities and those who depend on fishing activities ; protect the interests of consumers by ensuring that labelling is clear , detailed and accurate and by securing the traceability of fisheries and aquaculture products throughout the food chain ; ensure systematic , timely and harmonised collection of the robust biological , technical and environmental data necessary for meeting the objectives of the common fisheries policy ;


### fishing opportunities allocated to member states shall ensure each member state relative stability of fishing activities for each fish stock or fishery . the interests of each member state shall be taken into account when new fishing opportunities are allocated . 2 . by - catch fishing opportunities may be reserved under the total fishing opportunities . 3 . fishing opportunities shall comply with quantifiable targets , time frames and margins established in accordance with article 9 and 11 , and . 4 . member states may , after notifying the commission , exchange all or part of the fishing opportunities allocated to them . ### - 1 . the council , acting on a proposal from the commission under article 43 tfeu , shall decide on fishing opportunities and on the allocation of those fishing opportunities among member states . the commission proposal and council decision shall comply fully with article 4 . such fishing opportunities shall not provide for catches of any species to exceed in any one year , or part of a year , the level necessary to achieve the objective set out in article 10 . fishing opportunities allocated to member states shall ensure each member state relative stability of fishing activities for each fish stock or fishery . the interests of each member state shall be taken into account when new fishing opportunities are allocated in the context of achieving the objective set out in articles 2 and 3 , and applying the good governance principles set out in article 4 . 2 . by - catch fishing opportunities may be reserved under the total fishing opportunities . 3 . fishing opportunities shall not exceed the level specified in the scientific advice and shall comply with the objectives set out in articles 2 and 3 and the good governance principles set out in article 4 , as well as with quantifiable targets , time frames and margins established in accordance with article 9 and 11 , and . 3a . member states shall be responsible for apportioning their allocated fishing opportunities between different segments of their fishing fleets , and , in determining priorities , member states may take into account social and environmental factors including the potential benefits to be derived from increasing the share in which small - scale and low impact fishing is practiced . 4 . member states may , after notifying the commission , exchange all or part of the fishing opportunities allocated to them .


### union fishing vessels shall only catch surplus of the allowable catch determined by the third country as referred to in article 62 of the united nations convention on the law of the sea , and identified on the basis of the best available scientific advice and relevant information exchanged between the union and the third country concerned about the total fishing effort on the affected stocks , in order to ensure that fishery resources remain above levels capable of producing maximum sustainable yield . ### union fishing vessels shall only catch surplus of the allowable catch determined by the third country as referred to in article 62 of the united nations convention on the law of the sea , and identified on the basis of accurate and up - to - date scientific advice and relevant information exchanged between the union and the third country concerned about the total fishing effort on the affected stocks , in order to ensure that fishery resources remain above levels capable of producing maximum sustainable yield , where possible .


### member states shall collect biological , technical , environmental and socio - economic data necessary for ecosystem based fisheries management , manage them and make them available to end users of scientific data , including bodies designated by the commission . those data shall in particular enable the assessment of : ### member states shall collect biological , technical , environmental and socio - economic data necessary for ecosystem based fisheries management , manage them and make them available to end users of scientific data , including bodies designated by the commission , which shall cooperate closely with the regional authorities and the racs . data shall be collected on an annual basis and enable the assessment of :


### in special areas of conservation within the meaning of article 6 of directive 92 / 43 / eec , of article 4 of directive 2009 / 147 / ec and of article 13 of directive 2008 / 56 / ec , fishing activities shall be conducted by member states in such a way so as to alleviate the impact from fishing activities in such special areas of conservation . ### in relation to protected areas within the meaning of article 6 of directive 92 / 43 / eec , of article 4 of directive 2009 / 147 / ec and of article 13 of directive 2008 / 56 / ec , the member state that has designated the site may take non - discriminatory measures for the purpose of complying with the aforementioned directives , after having notified the commission and requested an opinion from member states affected by the measures and , where appropriate , the relevant regional advisory council .


### the common fisheries policy should contribute to the protection of the marine environment and in particular to the achievement of good environmental status by 2020 the latest as set out in article 1 of directive 2008 / 56 / ec of the european parliament and the council of 17 june 2008 establishing a framework for community action in the field of marine environmental policy . ### the common fisheries policy should contribute to the protection of the marine environment , to the sustainable management of all commercially - exploited species , and in particular to the achievement of good environmental status by 2020 at the latest as set out in article 1 of directive 2008 / 56 / ec of the european parliament and the council of 17 june 2008 establishing a framework for community action in the field of marine environmental policy .


### measures for the conservation of marine biological resources may include the following : adopting multiannual plans under articles 9 - 11 establishing targets for the sustainable exploitation of stocks ; adopting measures for the purpose of adapting the number of fishing vessels and / or types of fishing vessels to available fishing opportunities ; establishing incentives , including those of an economic nature , to promote more selective or low impact fishing ; fixing fishing opportunities ; adopting technical measures as referred to in article 14 ; adopting measures concerning the obligation to land all catches ; conducting pilot projects on alternative types of fishing management techniques . ### measures for the conservation , sustainable management and exploitation of marine biological resources shall include some or all of the following : adopting multiannual plans under articles 9 - 11 establishing targets for the sustainable exploitation of stocks ; adopting measures to contribute to achieving good environmental status by 2020 at the latest as set out in directive 2008 / 56 / ec ; adopting measures to contribute to member states’ implementation of directive 92 / 43 / eec and directive 2009 / 147 / ec ; establishing marine and fisheries reserves . adopting measures for the purpose of adapting the number of fishing vessels and / or the quantity of gear deployed and / or types of fishing vessels to available fishing opportunities ; adopting measures for the purpose of restricting or imposing conditions on the exercise of certain fishing activities d ) establishing incentives , including those of an economic nature and in the form of access to fishing opportunities , to promote more selective or low impact fishing , more environmentally sustainable methods of fishing , or to encourage compliance with regulatory requirements ; fixing fishing opportunities ; establishing conservation reference sizes ; adopting technical measures as referred to in article 14 ; g ) adopting measures concerning the obligation to land all catches and measures to reduce and eliminate by - catch ; conducting pilot projects on alternative types of fishing management techniques ; setting targets and providing incentives for measures to improve the marine environment and to increase the health of fish stocks .


### member states shall ensure that from 1 january 2013 the fishing capacity of their fleet does not exceed at any time the fishing capacity ceilings established in accordance with article 35 . ### member states shall ensure that from 1 january 2015 the fishing capacity of their fleet does not exceed at any time the fishing capacity ceilings established in accordance with article 35 .


### the common fisheries policy shall apply the precautionary approach to fisheries management , and shall aim to ensure , by 2015 , that exploitation of living marine biological resources restores and maintains populations of harvested species above levels which can produce the maximum sustainable yield . ### the common fisheries policy shall apply the precautionary approach to fisheries management , and shall aim to ensure that exploitation of living marine biological resources restores and maintains populations of harvested species at least at levels which can produce the maximum sustainable yield . this target is to be achieved by 2015 whenever possible and by 2020 at the latest . in the case of mixed fisheries in the mediterranean as well as the gradual approach based around groups of associated stocks with a deadline of 2020 , a prior specific analysis is needed to provide a practical assessment of its operation , which should allow the sector to be socio - economically sustainable .


### it is important that the management of the common fisheries policy is guided by principles of good governance . those principles include decision - making based on best available scientific advice , broad stakeholder involvement and a long - term perspective . the successful management of the common fisheries policy also depends on a clear definition of responsibilities at union , national , regional and local levels and on the mutual compatibility and consistency of the measures taken with other union policies . ### it is important that the management of the common fisheries policy is guided by principles of good governance . those principles include decision - making based on accurate and up - to - date scientific advice , broad stakeholder involvement and a long - term perspective . the successful management of the common fisheries policy also depends on a clear definition of responsibilities at union , national , regional and local levels and on the mutual compatibility and consistency of the measures taken with other union policies .


### multiannual plans providing for conservation measures to maintain or restore fish stocks above levels capable of producing maximum sustainable yield shall be established as a priority . ### multiannual plans providing for conservation measures to maintain or restore fish stocks at levels capable of producing maximum sustainable yield , where possible , shall be established as a priority .


### for stocks for which no multi - annual plan has been established , exploitation rates delivering maximum sustainable yield should be ensured by setting catch and / or fishing effort limits . ### for stocks for which no multi - annual plan has been established , catch and fishing effort limits should be set to ensure that the exploitation rates do not compromise the objective to restore and maintain population of harvested species above levels which can produce the maximum sustainable yield by 2015 .


### – ‘ precautionary approach to fisheries management’ means an approach according to which the absence of adequate scientific information should not justify postponing or failing to take management measures to conserve target species , associated or dependent species and non - target species and their environment ; ### – ‘ precautionary approach to fisheries management’ means an approach according to which the absence of adequate scientific information should not justify postponing or failing to take the appropriate management measures to ensure target species , associated or dependent species and non - target species are fished at sustainable levels and their environment is not damaged ;


### multiannual plans shall be based on the precautionary approach to fisheries management and shall take into account the limitations of the available data and assessment methods and all quantified sources of uncertainty in a scientifically valid manner . ### multiannual plans shall be based on the precautionary approach to fisheries management and their application shall take into account scientific data and reports and assessment methods and all quantified sources in order to eliminate uncertainty in a scientifically valid manner .


### prohibition or restriction of fishing activities in certain zones and / or periods ; ### restriction of fishing activities in certain zones and / or periods ;


### the commission shall be empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with article 55 concerning the composition and the functioning of advisory councils . ### the commission shall be empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with article 55 concerning the composition , functioning and the funding of advisory councils .


### member states shall record the information on characteristics and activity for union fishing vessels flying their flag that is necessary for the management of measures established under this regulation . ### without prejudice to their data collection obligations under regulation no 199 / 2008 and other union law , member states shall record and publish the information on vessel and gear characteristics , ownership and the spatial and time - related activity of union fishing vessels flying their flag that is necessary for the management of measures established under this regulation .


### for the purpose of achieving the general objectives set out in article 2 , the common fisheries policy shall in particular : eliminate unwanted catches of commercial stocks and gradually ensure that all catches of such stocks are landed ; provide conditions for efficient fishing activities within an economically viable and competitive fishing industry ; promote the development of union aquaculture activities to contribute to food security and employment in coastal and rural areas ; contribute to a fair standard of living for those who depend on fishing activities ; take into account the interests of consumers ; ensure systematic and harmonised data collection and management . ### for the purpose of achieving the general objectives set out in article 2 , the common fisheries policy shall in particular : ensure that by 2015 fishing opportunities are determined in accordance with the best available scientific advice and are set at levels that will restore and maintain populations of all stocks of harvested species above levels capable of producing maximum sustainable yield ; ensure that the management and exploitation of fish stocks is conducted within the framework of multiannual plans embracing every fishery ; eliminate unwanted catches through the development and use of selective gear and other means , starting with commercial stocks and gradually ensuring that catches of all fish are landed , with the exception of species specifically exempted and listed by the commission as being able to survive discard ; provide and promote conditions for efficient , sustainable and low - impact fishing activities within an economically viable and competitive fishing industry where access to resources is based on equitable and transparent criteria ; promote the development of environmentally sustainable and ecosystem - based union aquaculture activities to contribute to food security and employment in coastal and rural areas ; contribute to a fair standard of living for those in coastal communities and those who depend on fishing activities ; protect the interests of consumers by ensuring that labelling is clear , detailed and accurate and by securing the traceability of fisheries and aquaculture products throughout the food chain ; ensure systematic , timely and harmonised collection of the robust biological , technical and environmental data necessary for meeting the objectives of the common fisheries policy ;


### minimisation of impacts of fishing on the eco - system ; ### minimisation of unwanted impacts of fishing on the eco - system ;


### the common fisheries policy should ensure that fishing and aquaculture activities contribute to long - term sustainable environmental , economic , and social conditions . it should contribute moreover to increased productivity , a fair standard of living for the fisheries sector , stable markets , ensure the availability of resources and that supplies reach consumers at reasonable prices . ### the common fisheries policy should ensure that fishing and aquaculture activities are cost - effective and contribute to long - term sustainable environmental , economic , and social conditions . it should contribute moreover to increased productivity , a fair standard of living for the fisheries sector , stable markets , ensure the availability of resources and that supplies reach consumers at reasonable prices .


### the common fisheries policy shall implement the ecosystem - based approach to fisheries management to ensure that the impacts of fishing activities on the marine ecosystem are limited . ### the common fisheries policy shall implement the ecosystem - based approach to fisheries management to ensure that the impacts of fishing activities on the marine ecosystem are limited , whilst taking into account other factors that have an impact on the marine environment and seeking a balance between environmental , social and economic objectives .


### non compliance by member states with the rules of the common fisheries policy may result in the interruption or suspension of payments or in the application of a financial correction to union financial assistance under the common fisheries policy . such measures shall be proportionate to the nature , extent , duration and repetition of the non compliance . ### non compliance by member states with the rules of the common fisheries policy may result in the interruption or suspension of payments or in the application of a financial correction to union financial assistance under the common fisheries policy . such measures shall be proportionate to the nature , extent , duration and repetition of the non compliance . a methodology shall therefore be established including objectives , indicators and homogenous and transparent measurements for all member states .


### member states shall ensure the national coordination of the collection and management of scientific data for fisheries management . to this end , they shall designate a national correspondent and organize an annual national coordination meeting . the commission shall be informed of the national coordination activities and be invited to the coordination meetings . ### member states shall ensure the national coordination of the collection and management of scientific and socio - economic data for fisheries management . regionalisation criteria will be introduced into national planning for data collection and management , thereby encouraging the involvement of regional authorities . the involvement of both the fisheries sector and local research centres in the collection of scientific data will be encouraged . to this end , they shall designate a national correspondent and organise an annual national coordination meeting . the commission shall be informed of the national coordination activities and be invited to the coordination meetings .


### fishing opportunities allocated to member states shall ensure each member state relative stability of fishing activities for each fish stock or fishery . the interests of each member state shall be taken into account when new fishing opportunities are allocated . ### the council , when fixing fishing opportunities and allocating them to member states shall act in accordance with article 2 and apply a long - term perspective . it shall further ensure each member state relative stability of fishing activities for each fish stock or fishery . the interests of each member state shall be taken into account when new fishing opportunities are allocated . a delegation of the european parliament shall be present when decisions on establishing fishing opportunities are taken by the council .


### sustainable fisheries agreements with third countries shall establish a legal , economic and environmental governance framework for fishing activities carried out by union fishing vessels in third country waters . ### sustainable fisheries agreements with third countries shall establish a legal , economic and environmental governance framework for fishing activities carried out by union fishing vessels in third country waters . they shall also ensure that fishing activities take place within a framework of legal certainty .


### submit recommendations and suggestions on matters relating to fisheries management and aquaculture to the commission or to the member state concerned ; ### submit recommendations and proposals on matters relating to fisheries management and aquaculture , as well as aspects of fisheries conservation and socio - economic issues to the commission or to the member state concerned .


### measures are needed to reduce and eliminate the current high levels of unwanted catches and discards . indeed , unwanted catches and discards constitute a substantial waste and affect negatively the sustainable exploitation of marine biological resources and marine ecosystems as well as the financial viability of fisheries . an obligation to land all catches of managed stocks caught during fishing activities in union waters or by union fishing vessels should be established and gradually implemented . ### measures are needed to reduce the current high levels of unwanted catches and to eliminate discards . unfortunately , previous legislation has often obliged fishermen to discard valuable resources . discards constitute a substantial waste and affect negatively the sustainable exploitation of marine biological resources and marine ecosystems as well as the financial viability of fisheries . an obligation to land all catches of managed stocks caught during fishing activities in union waters or by union fishing vessels should be established and gradually implemented .


### member states may require holders of a fishing licence for fishing vessels of 12 meters length overall or more flying their flag to contribute proportionally to the costs of implementing the union fisheries control system . ### member states shall require holders of a fishing licence for fishing vessels of 12 meters length overall or more flying their flag to contribute proportionally to the costs of implementing the union fisheries control system and data collection .


### ensure that the commission , or bodies designated by it , have access to the national databases and systems used for processing the collected data for the purpose of verification of the existence and quality of the data . ### forward to the commission , or bodies designated by it , the collected data , verify its existence and quality and process it in a harmonised manner .


### ensure that the commission , or bodies designated by it , have access to the national databases and systems used for processing the collected data for the purpose of verification of the existence and quality of the data . ### ensure that the commission , or bodies designated by it , have access to all the national databases and systems used for processing the collected data for the purpose of verification of the existence and quality of the data .


### – ‘ precautionary approach to fisheries management’ means an approach according to which the absence of adequate scientific information should not justify postponing or failing to take management measures to conserve target species , associated or dependent species and non - target species and their environment ; ### – ‘ precautionary approach to fisheries management’ means an approach according to which the absence of adequate scientific information should not justify postponing or failing to take the appropriate management measures to ensure target species , associated or dependent species and non - target species are fished at sustainable levels and their environment is not damaged ;


### the use of modern control technologies for the availability and quality of data on fisheries ; ### the use of effective control technologies for the availability and quality of data on fisheries ;


### member states should manage and make available to end - users of scientific - data the collected data , on the basis of a multi - annual union program . member states should also cooperate with each other to coordinate data collection activities . where relevant , member states should also cooperate with third countries within the same sea basin regarding data collection . ### member states should manage and make available to end - users of scientific - data the collected data , on the basis of a multi - annual union program . member states should also cooperate with each other to coordinate data collection activities . where relevant , member states should also cooperate with third countries within the same sea basin regarding data collection in accordance with the relevant international standards and conventions , in particular the united nations convention on the law of the sea .


### the common fisheries policy shall integrate the union environmental legislation requirements . ### the common fisheries policy shall be consistent with the union environmental legislation and other sectoral legislation , without being subject to them .


### fisheries management based on the best available scientific advice requires harmonised , reliable and accurate data sets . therefore member states should collect data on fleets and their fishing activities , in particular biological data on catches , including discards , survey information on fish stocks and on the potential environmental impact of fishing activities on the marine ecosystem . ### fisheries management based on full and accurate scientific advice requires harmonised , reliable and accurate data sets . therefore member states shall collect data on fleets and their fishing activities , in particular biological data on catches , including discards , survey information on fish stocks and on the potential environmental impact of fishing activities on the marine ecosystem .


### measures capable of effectively preventing conservation reference points from being transgressed . ### measures aimed at effectively anticipating conservation reference points .