### strengthening economic governance : interventions shall aim at supporting participation in the economic reform programme process and systematic cooperation with international financial institutions on fundamentals of economic policy . enhancing the capacity to strengthen macroeconomic stability and supporting progress towards becoming a functioning market economy with the capacity to cope with competitive pressures and market forces within the union ; ### strengthening economic governance : interventions shall aim at supporting participation in the economic reform programme process and systematic cooperation with international financial institutions on fundamentals of economic policy . enhancing the capacity to strengthen macroeconomic stability and supporting progress towards becoming a functioning market economy , including strengthening entrepreneurship , with the capacity to cope with competitive pressures and market forces within the union ;


### strengthening the union and its partners ' capacity to prevent conflict , build peace and address pre - and post - crisis including through early warning and conflict - sensitive risk analysis ; promoting people to people networking , reconciliation , peace - building and confidence - building measures , supporting capacity building in support of security and development actions . ### strengthening the union and its partners ' capacity to prevent conflict , build peace and address pre - and post - crisis including through early warning and conflict - sensitive risk analysis ; promoting people to people networking , reconciliation , peace - building and confidence - building measures , supporting capacity building in support of security and development actions ; contributing to the defence and cyber defence of the beneficiaries listed in annex i ; strengthening the capabilities of strategic communication to foster systematic uncovering of disinformation .


### strengthening the union and its partners ' capacity to prevent conflict , build peace and address pre - and post - crisis including through early warning and conflict - sensitive risk analysis ; promoting people to people networking , reconciliation , peace - building and confidence - building measures , supporting capacity building in support of security and development actions . ### strengthening the union and its partners ' capacity to prevent conflict , build peace and stability , and address pre - and post - crisis including through early warning and conflict - sensitive risk analysis ; promoting people to people networking , reconciliation , peace - building and confidence - building measures , supporting capacity building in support of security and development actions .


### strengthening access to and quality of education , training and lifelong learning at all levels , and offering support to cultural and creative sectors . interventions in this area shall aim at : promoting equal access to quality early - childhood education and care , primary and secondary education , improving the provision of basic skills ; increasing educational attainment levels , reducing early school - leaving and reinforcing teachers’ training . developing vocational education and training systems and promoting work - based learning systems to facilitate the transition to the labour market ; improving the quality and relevance of higher education ; encouraging alumni related activities ; enhancing access to lifelong learning and supporting investment in education and training infrastructure particularly with a view to reducing territorial disparities and fostering non - segregated education and including through the use of digital technologies . ### strengthening access to and quality of education , training and lifelong learning at all levels , and offering support to digital , cultural and creative sectors . interventions in this area shall aim at : promoting equal access to quality early - childhood education and care , primary and secondary education , improving the provision of basic skills ; increasing educational attainment levels , reducing early school - leaving and reinforcing teachers’ training . developing vocational education and training systems and promoting work - based learning systems to facilitate the transition to the labour market ; improving the quality and relevance of higher education ; encouraging alumni related activities ; enhancing access to lifelong learning and supporting investment in education and training infrastructure particularly with a view to reducing territorial disparities and fostering non - segregated education and including through the use of digital technologies .


### fostering quality employment and access to the labour market . interventions in this area shall aim at : tackling high unemployment and inactivity by supporting sustainable labour market integration in particular of young people ) , women , long - term unemployed and all under - represented groups . measures shall stimulate quality job creation and support the effective enforcement of labour rules and standards across the entire territory . other key areas of intervention shall be to support gender equality , promoting employability and productivity , the adaptation of workers and enterprises to change , the establishment of a sustainable social dialogue and the modernisation and strengthening of labour market institutions such as public employment services and labour inspectorates . ### fostering quality employment and access to the labour market . interventions in this area shall aim at : tackling high unemployment and inactivity by supporting sustainable labour market integration in particular of young people ) , women , long - term unemployed and all under - represented groups . measures shall stimulate quality job creation and support the effective enforcement of labour rules and standards across the entire territory . other key areas of intervention shall be to support the promotion of entrepreneurship and self - employment , gender equality , promoting employability and productivity , the adaptation of workers and enterprises to change , the establishment of a sustainable social dialogue and the modernisation and strengthening of labour market institutions such as public employment services and labour inspectorates .


### promoting social protection and inclusion and combating poverty . interventions in this area shall aim at modernising social protection systems to provide effective , efficient , and adequate protection throughout all stages of a person ' s life , fostering social inclusion , promoting equal opportunities and addressing inequalities and poverty . interventions in this area shall also focus on : integrating marginalised communities such as the roma ; combating discrimination based on sex , racial or ethnic origin , religion or belief , disability , age or sexual orientation ; enhancing access to affordable , sustainable and high quality services , such as early childhood education and care , housing , healthcare and essential social services and long term care , including through the modernisation of social protection systems . ### promoting social protection and inclusion and combating poverty . interventions in this area shall aim at modernising social protection systems to provide effective , efficient , and adequate protection throughout all stages of a person ' s life , fostering social inclusion , promoting equal opportunities and addressing inequalities and poverty . interventions in this area shall also focus on : integrating marginalised communities such as the roma ; combating discrimination based on sex , racial or ethnic origin , nationality , language , religion or belief , disability , age or sexual orientation ; enhancing access to affordable , sustainable and high quality services , such as early childhood education and care , housing , healthcare and essential social services and long term care , including through the modernisation of social protection systems .


### promoting smart , sustainable , inclusive , safe transport and removing bottlenecks in key network infrastructures , by investing in projects with high eu value - added . the investments should be prioritised according to their relevance to ten - t connections with the eu , contribution to sustainable mobility , reduced emissions , environmental impact , safe mobility , in synergy with the reforms promoted by the transport community treaty . ### promoting smart , sustainable , inclusive , safe transport and removing bottlenecks in key network infrastructures , by investing in projects with high eu value - added . the investments should be prioritised according to their relevance to ten - t connections with the eu , cross - border links , contribution to sustainable mobility , reduced emissions , environmental impact , safe mobility , in synergy with the reforms promoted by the transport community treaty .


### improving the private - sector environment and competitiveness of enterprises , including smart specialisation , as key drivers of growth , job creation and cohesion . priority shall be given to projects which improve the business environment . ### improving the private - sector environment and competitiveness of enterprises and entrepreneurship , including smart specialisation , as key drivers of growth , job creation and cohesion . priority shall be given to projects which improve the business environment .


### contributing to the security and safety of food supply and the maintenance of diversified and viable farming systems in vibrant rural communities and the countryside . ### contributing to the security and safety of food and water supply and the maintenance of diversified and viable farming systems in vibrant rural communities and the countryside .


### where appropriate , special regard shall be given to projects in geographical areas with specific needs or vulnerabilities , such as areas with specific environmental challenges or natural constraints , trans - border areas or outermost regions . ### where appropriate , special regard shall be given to projects in geographical areas with specific needs or vulnerabilities , such as areas with specific environmental challenges or natural constraints , trans - border areas , northern sparsely populated areas or outermost regions .


### in providing a framework for actions that has as objective to support the customs union and customs authorities , the programme should contribute to protecting the financial and economic interests of the union and its member states ; protecting the union from unfair and illegal trade while supporting legitimate business activity ; ensuring the security and safety of the union and its residents ; and facilitating legitimate trade , so that businesses and citizens can benefit from the full potential of the internal market and of global trade . ### in providing a framework for actions that has as objective to support the customs union and customs authorities , the programme should , as a general objective , contribute to protecting the financial and economic interests of the union and its member states ; protecting the union from unfair and illegal trade while supporting legitimate business activity ; ensuring the security and safety of the union and its residents ; and facilitating legitimate trade , so that businesses and citizens can benefit from the full potential of the internal market and of global trade .


### in providing a framework for actions that has as objective to support the customs union and customs authorities , the programme should contribute to protecting the financial and economic interests of the union and its member states ; protecting the union from unfair and illegal trade while supporting legitimate business activity ; ensuring the security and safety of the union and its residents ; and facilitating legitimate trade , so that businesses and citizens can benefit from the full potential of the internal market and of global trade . ### in providing a framework for actions that has as objective to support the customs union and customs authorities with a view to the long - term objective that all customs administrations in the union work together as if they were one , the programme should contribute to protecting the financial and economic interests of the union and its member states ; protecting the union from unfair and illegal trade while supporting legitimate business activity ; ensuring the security and safety of the union and its residents ; and facilitating legitimate trade , so that citizen and businesses and citizens can benefit from the full potential of the internal market and of global trade .


### the actions which applied under the customs 2020 programme have proven to be adequate and should therefore be maintained . in order to provide more simplicity and flexibility in the execution of the programme and thereby better deliver on its objectives , the actions should be defined only in terms of overall categories with a list of illustrative examples of concrete activities . through cooperation and capacity building , the customs programme should also promote and support the uptake and leverage of innovation to further improve the capabilities to deliver on the core priorities of customs . ### the actions which applied under the customs 2020 programme and have proven to be adequate should therefore be maintained , while others that have proven to be inadequate should be terminated . in order to provide more simplicity and flexibility in the execution of the programme and thereby better deliver on its objectives , the actions should be defined only in terms of overall categories with a list of illustrative examples of concrete activities . through cooperation and capacity building , the customs programme should also promote and support the uptake and leverage of innovation to further improve the capabilities to deliver on the core priorities of customs .


### the programme has the specific objective to support the preparation and uniform implementation of customs legislation and policy as well as customs cooperation and administrative capacity building , including human competency and the development and operation of european electronic systems . ### the programme has the following specific objectives : primarily , to assist with it capacity building , which consist in developing , maintaining and operating the&#160 ; electronic systems&#160 ; as referred to in article 278 of the&#160 ; union customs code , &#160 ; relating to export , import and transit of goods and which allow the evolution from paper - based to electronic customs ; secondarily , to finance joint actions , which consist in cooperation mechanisms – such as workshops , project groups , working visits – enabling officials to carry out joint operational activities under their core responsibilities , share experience and join efforts to deliver on customs policy ; thirdly , to enhance human competency , which consists in developing a human competency framework and training content made available through e - learning modules or otherwise , all supporting the professional skills of customs officials and empowering them to fulfil their role on a uniform basis .


### the amount referred to in paragraph 1 may also cover expenses for preparation , monitoring , control , audit , evaluation and other activities for managing the programme and evaluating the achievement of its objectives . it may moreover cover expenses relating to studies , meetings of experts , information and communication actions , in so far as they are related to the objectives of the programme , as well as expenses linked to information technology networks focusing on information processing and exchange , including corporate information technology tools and other technical and administrative assistance needed in connection with the management of the programme . ### when necessary and duly justified , the amount referred to in paragraph 1 may also cover expenses for preparation , monitoring , control , audit , evaluation and other activities for managing the programme and evaluating the achievement of its objectives . it may moreover cover expenses relating to studies , meetings of experts , information and communication actions , as well as expenses linked to information technology networks focusing on information processing and exchange , including corporate information technology tools and other technical and administrative assistance needed in connection with the management of the programme , in so far such activities are required for the achievement of the objectives of the programme .


### the amount referred to in paragraph 1 may also cover expenses for preparation , monitoring , control , audit , evaluation and other activities for managing the programme and evaluating the achievement of its objectives . it may moreover cover expenses relating to studies , meetings of experts , information and communication actions , in so far as they are related to the objectives of the programme , as well as expenses linked to information technology networks focusing on information processing and exchange , including corporate information technology tools and other technical and administrative assistance needed in connection with the management of the programme . ### the amount referred to in paragraph 1 may also cover expenses for preparation , monitoring , control , audit , evaluation and other activities for managing the programme and evaluating its performance and the achievement of its objectives . it may moreover cover expenses relating to studies , meetings of experts , information and communication actions , in so far as they are related to the objectives of the programme , as well as expenses linked to information technology networks focusing on information processing and exchange , including corporate information technology tools and other technical and administrative assistance needed in connection with the management of the programme .


### grants under the programme shall be awarded and managed in accordance with title viii of the financial regulation . ### grants under the programme shall be awarded and managed in accordance with title viii of the financial regulation , and specifically with the principles of sound financial management , transparency , proportionality , non - discrimination , equal treatment .


### the commission and the member states shall ensure jointly the development and operation , including the design , specification , conformance testing , deployment , maintenance , evolution , security , quality assurance and quality control , of the european electronic systems listed in the multi - annual strategic plan for customs referred to in article 12 . ### the commission and the member states shall jointly&#160 ; ensure the development and operation of the european electronic systems listed in the multi - annual strategic plan for customs referred to in article 12 , including its design , specification , conformance testing , deployment , maintenance , evolution , modernisation security , quality assurance and quality control .


### the multiannual work programmes shall be adopted by the commission by means of implementing acts . those implementing acts shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure referred to in article 18 . ### the multiannual work programmes shall be adopted by the commission by means of implementing acts and communicated to the european parliament and the council . those implementing acts shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure referred to in article 18 .


### indicators to report on progress of the programme towards the achievement of the specific objectives set out in article 3 are set in annex 2 . ### in compliance with its reporting requirements pursuant to article [ 38 ] of the financial regulation , the commission shall present to the european parliament and the council information on performance of the programme . reporting on performance shall include information on both progress and shortfalls .


### to ensure effective assessment of progress of the programme towards the achievement of its objectives , the commission is empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with article 17 to amend annex 2 to review or complement the indicators where considered necessary and to supplement this regulation with provisions on the establishment of a monitoring and evaluation framework . ### indicators to report on performance of the programme towards the achievement of the specific objectives set out in article 3 are set in annex 2 . to ensure effective assessment of progress of the programme towards the achievement of its objectives , the commission is empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with article 17 to amend annex 2 to review or complement the indicators where considered necessary and to supplement this regulation with provisions on the establishment of a monitoring and evaluation framework in order to provide the european parliament and the council with updated qualitative as well as quantitative information on performance of the programme .


### the performance reporting system shall ensure that data for monitoring programme implementation and results are collected efficiently , effectively , and in a timely manner . to that end , proportionate reporting requirements shall be imposed on recipients of union funds . ### the performance reporting system shall ensure that data for monitoring programme implementation and results are comparable and complete as well as collected efficiently , effectively , and in a timely manner . to that end , proportionate reporting requirements shall be imposed on recipients of union funds . the commission shall provide the european parliament and the council with reliable information on the quality of the performance data used .


### the commission shall communicate the conclusions of the evaluations , accompanied by its observations , to the european parliament , the council , the european economic and social committee and the committee of the regions . ### the commission shall communicate the evaluations , accompanied by its observations , to the european parliament , the council , the european economic and social committee and the committee of the regions .


### the commission shall communicate the conclusions of the evaluations , accompanied by its observations , to the european parliament , the council , the european economic and social committee and the committee of the regions . ### the commission shall communicate the conclusions of the evaluations , accompanied by its observations and lessons learned , to the european parliament , the council , the european economic and social committee and the committee of the regions .


### where a third country participates in the programme by a decision under an international agreement or by virtue of any other legal instrument , the third country shall grant the necessary rights and access required for the authorizing officer responsible , the european anti - fraud office , the european court of auditors to comprehensively exert their respective competences . in the case of olaf , such rights shall include the right to carry out investigations , including on - the - spot checks and inspections , provided for in regulation no 883 / 2013 of the european parliament and of the council concerning investigations conducted by the european anti - fraud office . ### where a third country participates in the programme by a decision under an international agreement or by virtue of any other legal instrument , the third country shall grant the necessary rights and access required for the authorizing officer responsible , the european anti - fraud office , the european court of auditors and the european public prosecutor ' s office to comprehensively exert their respective competences . in the case of olaf and the eppo , such rights shall include the right to carry out investigations , including on - the - spot checks and inspections , provided for in regulations no 883 / 2013 of the european parliament and of the council concerning investigations conducted by the european anti - fraud office and by council regulation no 1939 / 2017 implementing enhanced cooperation on establishment of the eppo .


### the decarbonisation of the electricity sector , with renewable energy becoming a major part of the market , is a core objective of the energy union . as the union moves towards the decarbonisation of the electricity sector and increasing penetration of renewable energy sources , it is crucial that the market removes existing barriers to cross - border trade and encourages investments into supporting infrastructure , for example , more flexible generation , interconnection , demand response and storage . to support this shift to variable and distributed generation , and to ensure that energy market principles are the basis for the union ' s electricity markets of the future , a renewed focus on short - term markets and scarcity pricing is essential . ### the decarbonisation of the electricity sector , with renewable energy becoming a major part of the market , is a core objective of the energy union . as the union moves towards the decarbonisation of the electricity sector and increasing penetration of renewable energy sources , it is crucial that the market removes existing barriers to cross - border trade and encourages investments into supporting infrastructure , for example , more flexible generation , interconnection , demand response and storage . to support the roll - out of energy storage solutions , member states should take steps to remove out dated taxation provisions that lead to double - taxation . to support this shift to variable and distributed generation , and to ensure that energy market principles are the basis for the union ' s electricity markets of the future , a renewed focus on short - term markets and scarcity pricing is essential .


### setting fundamental principles for well - functioning , integrated electricity markets , which allow non - discriminatory market access for all resource providers and electricity customers , empower consumers , enable demand response and energy efficiency , facilitate aggregation of distributed demand and supply , and contribute to the decarbonisation of the economy by enabling market integration and market - based remuneration of electricity generated from renewable sources ; ### setting fundamental principles for well - functioning , integrated electricity markets , which allow non - discriminatory market access for all resource providers and electricity customers , empower consumers , enable demand response , energy storage and energy efficiency , facilitate aggregation of distributed demand and supply , promote sufficient levels of electricity interconnections and contribute to the decarbonisation of the economy by enabling market integration and market - based remuneration of electricity generated from renewable sources ;


### ' capacity mechanism ' means an administrative measure to ensure the achievement of the desired level of security of supply by remunerating resources for their availability not including measures relating to ancillary services ; ### capacity mechanism ' means an administrative measure to ensure the achievement of the necessary level of security of supply ; a thorough cost - benefit analysis shall be carried out to justify the necessity of achieving a certain level of security of supply , as well as to justify the need to adopt capacity mechanisms in order to achieve such necessary level ;


### market participation of consumers and small businesses shall be enabled by aggregation of generation from multiple generation facilities or load from multiple demand facilities to provide joint offers on the electricity market and be jointly operated in the electricity system , subject to compliance with eu treaty rules on competition ; ### market participation of consumers and small businesses shall be enabled individually , collectively , through participation in a local energy community , and by aggregation of generation from multiple generation facilities or load from multiple demand facilities to provide joint offers on the electricity market and be jointly operated in the electricity system , subject to compliance with eu treaty rules on competition ;


### market rules shall allow for entry and exit of electricity generation and electricity supply undertakings based on their assessment of the economic and financial viability of their operations ; ### market rules shall allow for entry and exit of electricity generation , energy storage , and electricity supply undertakings based on their assessment of the economic and financial viability of their operations ;


### market operators shall provide products for trading in day - ahead and intraday markets which are sufficiently small in size , with minimum bid sizes of 1 megawatt or less , to allow for the effective participation of demand - side response , energy storage and small - scale renewables . ### market operators shall provide products for trading in day - ahead and intraday markets which are sufficiently small in size , with minimum bid sizes of 1 kilowatt or more , to allow for the effective participation of demand - side response , energy storage and small - scale renewables , including directly by customers .


### the responsible system operators shall report at least once per year to the competent regulatory authority on curtailment or downward redispatching of generating installations using renewable energy sources or high - efficiency cogeneration and on measures taken to reduce the need for such curtailment or downward redispatching in the future . curtailment or redispatching of generating installations using renewable energy sources or high - efficiency cogeneration shall be subject to compensation pursuant to paragraph 6 . ### the responsible system operators shall report at least once per year to the competent regulatory authority on curtailment or downward redispatching of generating , energy storage or demand - response installations using renewable energy sources or high - efficiency cogeneration and on measures taken to reduce the need for such curtailment or downward redispatching in the future . curtailment or redispatching of generating installations using renewable energy sources , energy storage , demand - response or high - efficiency cogeneration shall be subject to compensation pursuant to paragraph 6 .


### guarantee the capability of transmission and distribution networks to transmit electricity produced from renewable energy sources or high - efficiency cogeneration with minimum possible curtailment or redispatching . that shall not prevent network planning from taking into account limited curtailment or redispatching where this is shown to be more economically efficient and does not exceed 5 % of installed capacities using renewable energy sources or high - efficiency cogeneration in their area ; ### guarantee the capability of transmission and distribution networks to transmit electricity produced from renewable energy sources , energy storage , demand - response or high - efficiency cogeneration with minimum possible curtailment or dispatching . that shall not prevent network planning from taking into account limited curtailment or redispatching where this is shown to be more economically efficient and does not exceed 5 % of installed capacities using renewable energy sources , energy storage , demand - response or high - efficiency cogeneration in their area , provided that an appropriate consultation with stakeholders is carried out before its approval ;


### where non - market based curtailment or redispatching is used , it shall be subject to financial compensation by the system operator requesting the curtailment or redispatching to the owner of the curtailed or redispatched generation or demand facility . financial compensation shall at least be equal to the highest of the following elements : ### where non - market based curtailment or redispatching is used , it shall be subject to financial compensation by the system operator requesting the curtailment or redispatching to the owner of the curtailed or redispatched generation , energy storage or demand facility . financial compensation shall at least be equal to the highest of the following elements :


### 90 % of the net revenues from the sale of electricity on the day - ahead market that the generating or demand facility would have generated without the curtailment or redispatching request . where financial support is granted to generating or demand facilities based on the electricity volume generated or consumed , lost financial support shall be deemed part of the net revenues . ### 100% of the net revenues from the sale of electricity on the day - ahead market that the generating , energy storage or demand facility would have generated without the curtailment or redispatching request . where financial support is granted to generating or demand facilities based on the electricity volume generated , stored or consumed , lost financial support shall be deemed part of the net revenues . the full compensation should be settled within reasonable time after the curtailment has occurred .


### charges applied by network operators for access to networks , including charges for connection to the networks , charges for use of networks , and , where applicable , charges for related network reinforcements , shall be transparent , take into account the need for network security and flexibility and reflect actual costs incurred insofar as they correspond to those of an efficient and structurally comparable network operator and are applied in a non - discriminatory manner . in particular , they shall be applied in a way which does not discriminate between production connected at the distribution level and production connected at the transmission level , either positively or negatively . they shall not discriminate against energy storage and shall not create disincentives for participation in demand response . without prejudice to paragraph 3 , those charges shall not be distance - related . ### charges applied by network operators for access to networks , including charges for connection to the networks , charges for use of networks , and , where applicable , charges for related network reinforcements , shall be transparent , take into account the need for network security and flexibility and reflect actual costs incurred insofar as they correspond to those of an efficient and structurally comparable network operator and are applied in a non - discriminatory manner . in particular , they shall be applied in a way which does not discriminate between production or energy storage connected at the distribution level and production connected at the transmission level , either positively or negatively . they shall not discriminate against energy storage , specifically not double charging energy storage , and aggregation and shall not create disincentives for self - generation , self - consumption , and for participation in demand response . without prejudice to paragraph 3 , those charges shall not be distance - related .


### distribution tariffs shall reflect the cost of use of the distribution network by system users including active customers , and may be differentiated based on system users ' consumption or generation profiles . where member states have implemented the deployment of smart metering systems , regulatory authorities may introduce time differentiated network tariffs , reflecting the use of the network , in a transparent and foreseeable way for the consumer . ### distribution tariffs shall reflect the cost and benefits related to the use of the distribution network by system users including active customers , and may be differentiated based on system users ' consumption , energy storage or generation profiles . where member states have implemented the deployment of smart metering systems , regulatory authorities may introduce time differentiated network tariffs , reflecting the use of the network , in a transparent and foreseeable way for the consumer .


### regulatory authorities shall provide incentives to distribution system operators to procure services for the operation and development of their networks and integrate innovative solutions in the distribution systems . for that purpose regulatory authorities shall recognise as eligible and include all relevant costs in distribution tariffs and introduce performance targets in order to incentivise distribution system operators to raise efficiencies , including energy efficiency , in their networks . ### regulatory authorities shall provide incentives to distribution system operators to procure services for the operation and development of their networks and integrate innovative solutions in the distribution systems . for that purpose regulatory authorities shall recognise as eligible and include all relevant costs in distribution tariffs and introduce performance targets in order to incentivise distribution system operators to raise efficiencies , including energy efficiency , and energy storage in their networks .


### when applying capacity mechanisms member states shall have a reliability standard in place indicating their desired level of security of supply in a transparent manner . ### when applying capacity mechanisms member states shall have liability standard in place indicating the necessary level of security of supply in transparent manner . a thorough cost benefit analysis shall be carried out to justify the necessity of achieving a certain level of security of supply , as well as to justify the need to adopt capacity mechanisms in order to achieve such necessary level .


### in performing its functions under eu law , the entso for electricity shall act for the european good and independent from individual national interests or the national interests of transmission system operators , and shall contribute to the efficient and sustainable achievement of the objectives set out in the policy framework for climate and energy covering the period from 2020 to 2030 , in particular by contributing to the efficient integration of electricity generated from renewable energy sources and to increases in energy efficiency . ### in performing its functions under eu law , the entso for electricity shall act for the european good and independent from individual national interests or the national interests of transmission system operators , and shall contribute to the efficient and sustainable achievement of the objectives set out in the policy framework for climate and energy covering the period from 2020 to 2030 , in particular by contributing to the efficient integration of electricity generated from renewable energy sources in combination with energy storage and demand response and to increases in energy efficiency .


### development of demand response ; ### development of demand response and energy storage ;


### the procedures and conditions applied for integrating sustainability risks in investment decisions ; ### the procedures and conditions applied for integrating sustainability risks , including amongst others the risks related to the impacts of climate change and the risks and opportunities related to the transition to a low - carbon economy , in investment decisions ;


### the procedures and conditions applied for integrating sustainability risks in investment advice or insurance advice ; ### the procedures and conditions applied for integrating sustainability risks , including amongst others the risks related to the impacts of climate change and the risks and opportunities related to the transition to a low - carbon economy , in investment advice or insurance advice ;


### the extent to which sustainability risks are expected to have a relevant impact on the returns of the financial products made available ; ### the extent to which sustainability risks , including amongst others the risks related to the impacts of climate change and the risks and opportunities related to the transition to a low - carbon economy , are expected to have a relevant impact on the returns of the financial products made available ;


### the extent to which sustainability risks are expected to have a relevant impact on the returns of the financial products advised on ; ### the extent to which sustainability risks , including amongst others the risks related to the impacts of climate change and the risks and opportunities related to the transition to a low - carbon economy , are expected to have a relevant impact on the returns of the financial products advised on ;


### the payment deadline referred to in paragraph 2 may be suspended by the managing authority in either of the following duly justified cases : ### the payment deadline referred to in paragraph 2 may be interrupted by the managing authority in either of the following duly justified cases :


### young people should be provided with easily accessible opportunities to engage in solidarity activities , which could enable them to express their commitment to the benefit of communities while acquiring useful experience , skills and competences for their personal , educational , social , civic and professional development , thereby improving their employability . those activities should also support the mobility of young volunteers , trainees and workers . ### young people should be provided with easily accessible and inclusive opportunities to engage in solidarity activities , which will enable them to express their commitment to the benefit of communities , including local communities , while acquiring useful experience , knowledge , skills and competences for their personal , educational , social , civic and professional development , thereby improving their employability at national , regional , european and where appropriate at cross - border or international level . those activities should also support the mobility of young volunteers , trainees and workers .


### the solidarity activities offered to young people should be of high quality , in the sense that they should respond to unmet societal needs , contribute to strengthening communities , offer young people the opportunity to acquire valuable knowledge and competences , be financially accessible to young people , and be implemented in safe and healthy conditions . ### the solidarity activities offered to young people should be of high quality , in the sense that they should respond to unmet societal needs , contribute to strengthening communities , offer young people the opportunity to acquire valuable knowledge and competences , be financially accessible to young people , and be implemented in safe and healthy conditions . dialogue with local and regional authorities and stakeholders should be encouraged in order to best determine unmet societal needs and ensure a needs - oriented programme .


### the european solidarity corps opens up new opportunities for young people to carry out volunteering , traineeship or job activities in solidarity - related areas as well as to devise and develop solidarity projects based on their own initiative . these opportunities contribute to enhancing their personal , educational , social , civic and professional development . the european solidarity corps also supports networking activities for european solidarity corps participants and organisations as well as measures to ensure the quality of the supported activities and to enhance the validation of their learning outcomes . it will thus also contribute to european cooperation relevant to young people and raising awareness of its positive impact . ### the european solidarity corps opens up new opportunities for young people to carry out volunteering , traineeship or job activities in solidarity - related areas as well as to devise and develop solidarity programmes and projects based on their own initiative . these opportunities contribute to enhancing their personal , educational , social , civic and professional development . the european solidarity corps also supports networking activities for european solidarity corps participants and organisations as well as measures to ensure the quality of the supported activities and to enhance the validation of their learning outcomes . it will thus also contribute to european cooperation relevant to young people and raising awareness of its positive impact .


### these activities should be to the benefit of communities while also fostering the individual’s personal , educational , social , civic and professional development , which may take the form of volunteering , traineeships and jobs , projects or networking activities , developed in relation to different areas , such as education and training , employment , gender equality , entrepreneurship – in particular social entrepreneurship – , citizenship and democratic participation , environment and nature protection , climate action , disaster prevention , preparedness and recovery , agriculture and rural development , provision of food and non - food items , health and wellbeing , creativity and culture , physical education and sport , social assistance and welfare , reception and integration of third - country nationals , territorial cooperation and cohesion , and cooperation across borders . such solidarity activities should include a solid learning and training dimension through relevant activities that can be offered to participants before , during and after the solidarity activity . ### these activities should be to the benefit of communities while also fostering the individual’s personal , educational , social , civic and professional development , which may take the form of volunteering , traineeships and jobs , projects or networking activities , developed in relation to different areas , such as education and training , social inclusion , employment , gender equality , entrepreneurship – in particular social entrepreneurship – , citizenship and democratic participation , environment and nature protection , climate action , disaster prevention , preparedness and recovery , agriculture and rural development , provision of food and non - food items , health and wellbeing , creativity and culture , heritage protection , physical education and sport , social assistance and welfare , youth assistance , reception and integration of third - country nationals , territorial cooperation and cohesion , and cooperation across borders . such solidarity activities should include a solid learning and training dimension through relevant activities that can be offered to participants before , during and after the solidarity activity .


### particular attention should be given to ensuring the quality of the activities and other opportunities offered under the european solidarity corps , in particular by offering training , language support , insurance , administrative and post - activity support to participants as well as the validation of the knowledge , skills and competences acquired through their european solidarity corps experience . security and safety of the volunteers remain of paramount importance and volunteers should not be deployed to operations conducted in the theatre of international and non - international armed conflicts . ### particular attention should be given to ensuring the quality of the activities and other opportunities offered under the european solidarity corps , in particular by offering training , language support , insurance , administrative and post - activity support to participants as well as the validation of the knowledge , skills and competences acquired through their european solidarity corps experience . security and safety of the volunteers and their intended beneficiaries , in particular where this concerns persons in vulnerable situations and children , remain of paramount importance and volunteers should not be deployed to operations conducted in the theatre of international and non - international armed conflicts , nor to facilities that contravene international human rights standards ;


### any entity willing to participate in the european solidarity corps should receive a quality label provided that the appropriate conditions are fulfilled . the process that leads to the attribution of a quality label should be carried out on a continuous basis by the implementing bodies of the european solidarity corps . the attributed quality label should be reassessed periodically and could be revoked if , in the context of the checks to be performed , the conditions that led to its attribution were found to be no longer fulfilled . ### any entity willing to participate in the european solidarity corps should receive a quality label provided that the appropriate conditions are fulfilled . the process that leads to the attribution of a quality label should be carried out on a continuous basis by the implementing bodies of the european solidarity corps . the attributed quality label should be reassessed periodically and could be revoked if , in the context of the checks to be performed , the conditions that led to its attribution were found to be no longer fulfilled , taking account of the main fields where solidarity is developing in the member states .


### appropriate outreach , publicity and dissemination of the opportunities and results of the actions supported by the programme should be ensured at european , national and local level . special attention should be paid to social enterprises encouraging them to support the european solidarity corps activities . the outreach , publicity and dissemination activities should rely on all the implementing bodies of the programme , including , when relevant , with the support of other key stakeholders . ### appropriate outreach , publicity and dissemination of the opportunities and results of the actions supported by the programme should be ensured at european , national , regional and local level . special attention should be paid to social enterprises encouraging them to support the european solidarity corps activities . the outreach , publicity and dissemination activities should rely on all the implementing bodies of the programme , including , when relevant , with the support of other key stakeholders .


### the general objective of the programme is to enhance the engagement of young people and organisations in accessible and high - quality solidarity activities as a means to contribute to strengthening cohesion , solidarity and democracy in the union and abroad , addressing societal and humanitarian challenges on the ground , with particular effort to promote social inclusion . ### the general objective of the programme is to promote solidarity as a value , mainly through volunteering ; to enhance the engagement of young people and organisations in accessible and high - quality solidarity activities as a means to contribute to strengthening cohesion , solidarity , democracy and citizenship in the union and abroad , addressing societal and humanitarian challenges on the ground , with particular effort to promote social inclusion . the participation in the programme should result in a generation of young people more likely to engage in solidarity activities through their entire lives .


### the specific objective of the programme is to provide young people , including those with fewer opportunities , with easily accessible opportunities for engagement in solidarity activities in europe and abroad while improving and properly validating their competences as well as facilitating their employability and transition into the labour market . ### the specific objective of the programme is to provide young people , including those with fewer opportunities , with easily accessible opportunities for engagement in solidarity activities effecting positive societal challenges in europe and abroad while improving and properly validating their competences for personal , educational , social , cultural , civic and professional development ; as well as facilitating their active citizenship , employability and transition into the labour market .


### the establishment , maintenance and updating of the european solidarity corps portal and other relevant online services as well as the necessary it support systems and web - based tools . ### the establishment , maintenance and updating of an accessible european solidarity corps portal and other relevant online services as well as necessary it support systems and web - based tools in line with the accessibility requirements of directive 2016 / 2102 of the european parliament and of the council of 26 october 2016 on the accessibility of the websites and mobile applications of public sector bodies .


### an application from an entity to become a european solidarity corps participating organisation shall be assessed by the competent implementing body of the european solidarity corps on the basis of the principles of equal treatment ; equal opportunities and non - discrimination ; avoidance of job substitution ; provision of high quality activities with learning dimension focusing on personal , socio - educational and professional development ; adequate training , working and volunteering arrangements ; safe and decent environment and conditions ; and the ‘ no - profit principle’ in compliance with the financial regulation . the above principles ascertain whether its activities meet the requirements of the european solidarity corps . ### an application from an entity to become a european solidarity corps participating organisation shall be assessed by the competent implementing body of the european solidarity corps on the basis of the principles of equal treatment ; equal opportunities and non - discrimination ; avoidance of job substitution ; provision of high quality activities with learning dimension focusing on personal , socio - educational and professional development ; adequate training , working and volunteering arrangements ; safe and decent environment and conditions including policies and procedures in place to ensure child safeguarding during the placement ; respect of the “do no harm” principle ; and the ‘ no - profit principle’ in compliance with the financial regulation . the above principles ascertain whether its activities meet the requirements of the european solidarity corps .


### an application from an entity to become a european solidarity corps participating organisation shall be assessed by the competent implementing body of the european solidarity corps on the basis of the principles of equal treatment ; equal opportunities and non - discrimination ; avoidance of job substitution ; provision of high quality activities with learning dimension focusing on personal , socio - educational and professional development ; adequate training , working and volunteering arrangements ; safe and decent environment and conditions ; and the ‘ no - profit principle’ in compliance with the financial regulation . the above principles ascertain whether its activities meet the requirements of the european solidarity corps . ### an application from an entity to become a european solidarity corps participating organisation shall be assessed by the competent implementing body of the european solidarity corps on the basis of the principles of equal treatment ; equal opportunities and non - discrimination ; avoidance of job substitution ; provision of high quality activities with a clear added value for identified community needs and a learning dimension focusing on personal , socio - educational and professional development ; adequate training , working and volunteering arrangements ; safe and decent environment and conditions ; compliance with the ‘ do no harm principle’ and the ‘ no - profit principle’ in compliance with the financial regulation . the above principles ascertain whether its activities meet the requirements of the european solidarity corps .


### as a result of the assessment the entity may be attributed the european solidarity corps quality label . the obtained label shall be re - assessed periodically and may be revoked . ### as a result of the assessment the entity may be attributed the european solidarity corps quality label in accordance with the type of placement they are offering . the obtained label shall be re - assessed periodically and may be revoked . any entity which substantially changes its activities shall inform the competent implementing body for reassessment .


### the power to adopt delegated acts referred to in article 19 shall be conferred on the commission for the duration of the programme . ### the power to adopt delegated acts referred to in articles 12 , 18 and 19 shall be conferred on the commission for the duration of the programme ;


### the delegation of power referred to in article 19 may be revoked at any time by the european parliament or by the council . a decision to revoke shall put an end to the delegation of the power specified in that decision . it shall take effect the day following the publication of the decision in the official journal of the european union or at a later date specified therein . it shall not affect the validity of any delegated acts already in force . ### the delegation of power referred to in articles 12 , 18 and 19 may be revoked at any time by the european parliament or by the council . a decision to revoke shall put an end to the delegation of the power specified in that decision . it shall take effect the day following the publication of the decision in the official journal of the european union or at a later date specified therein . it shall not affect the validity of any delegated acts already in force .


### a delegated act adopted pursuant to article 19 shall enter into force only if no objection has been expressed either by the european parliament or the council within a period of two months of notification of that act to the european parliament and the council or if , before the expiry of that period , the european parliament and the council have both informed the commission that they will not object . that period shall be extended by two months at the initiative of the european parliament or of the council . ### a delegated act adopted pursuant to articles 12 , 18 and 19 shall enter into force only if no objection has been expressed either by the european parliament or the council within a period of two months of notification of that act to the european parliament and the council or if , before the expiry of that period , the european parliament and the council have both informed the commission that they will not object . that period shall be extended by two months at the initiative of the european parliament or of the council .


### marine litter is of a transboundary nature and is recognized as a global problem . reducing marine litter is a key action for the achievement of united nations sustainable development goal 14 which calls to conserve and sustainably use the oceans , seas and marine resources for sustainable development . 36 the union must play its part in tackling marine litter and aim to be a standard setter for the world . in this context , the union is working with partners in many international fora such as g20 , g7 and united nations to promote concerted action . this initiative is part of the union efforts in this regard . _________________ 36 the 2030 agenda for sustainable development adopted by the united nations general assembly on 25 september 2015 . ### marine litter is of a transboundary nature and is recognized as a global problem . successful prevention and management of plastic waste is most effective through international cooperation and when using a scientific , evidence - based approach . reducing marine litter is a key action for the achievement of united nations sustainable development goal 14 which calls to conserve and sustainably use the oceans , seas and marine resources for sustainable development . 36 the union must play its part in tackling marine litter and aim to be a standard setter for the world . in this context , the union is working with partners in many international fora such as g20 , g7 and united nations to promote concerted action . this initiative is part of the union efforts in this regard . _________________ 36 the 2030 agenda for sustainable development adopted by the united nations general assembly on 25 september 2015 .


### reflecting the important contribution that research and innovation should make to address challenges in food , agriculture , rural development and the bioeconomy , and to seize the corresponding research and innovation opportunities in close synergy with common agricultural policy , relevant actions under the specific programme will be supported with eur 10 billion for the cluster ' food and natural resources ' for the period 2021 - 2027 . ### reflecting the important contribution that research and innovation should make to address challenges in food , agriculture , rural development and the bioeconomy , and to seize the corresponding research and innovation opportunities in close synergy with common agricultural policy , relevant actions under the specific programme will be supported with the dedicated eur 10 billion for the cluster ' food and natural resources ' for the period 2021 - 2027 .


### human activities are exerting increasing pressure on soils , seas and oceans , water , air , biodiversity and other natural resources . nourishing the planet ' s growing population is directly dependent on the health of natural systems and resources . however , combined with climate change , humanity ' s growing demand for natural resources creates environmental pressures that go far beyond sustainable levels , affecting ecosystems and their capacity to provide services for human well - being . the concepts of the circular economy , the bioeconomy and the blue economy provide an opportunity to balance environmental , social and economic goals and to set human activities on a path to sustainability . ### human activities are exerting increasing pressure on soils , seas and oceans , water , air , biodiversity and other natural resources . nourishing the planet ' s growing population is directly dependent on the health of natural systems and sustainable use of resources . however , combined with climate change , humanity ' s growing demand for natural resources creates environmental pressures that go far beyond sustainable levels , affecting ecosystems and their capacity to provide services for human well - being . the concepts of the circular economy , the bioeconomy and the blue economy provide an opportunity to balance environmental , social and economic goals and to set human activities on a path to sustainability .


### meeting the goals of sustainable development , guaranteeing the production and consumption of safe and healthy food , promoting sustainable practices in agriculture , aquaculture , fisheries and forestry , ensuring access to clean water , soil and air for all , cleaning up the seas and oceans , preserving and restoring the planet’s vital natural systems and environment requires that we harness the potential of research and innovation . but the pathways for the transition to sustainability and ways to overconme reslient barriers are hardly understood . making the transition to sustainable consumption and production and restoring planetary health requires investing in technologies , new business models , and social and environmental innovation . this creates new opportunities for a sustainable , resilient , innovative and responsible european economy , boosting resource efficiency , productivity and competitiveness , and generating jobs and growth . ### meeting the goals of sustainable development , guaranteeing the production and consumption of safe and nutritious food , promoting sustainable practices in agriculture , aquaculture , fisheries and forestry , ensuring access to clean water , soil and air for all , cleaning up the seas and oceans , preserving and restoring the planet’s vital natural systems and environment requires that we harness the potential of research and innovation . but the pathways for the transition to sustainability and ways to overconme reslient barriers are hardly understood . making the transition to sustainable consumption and production and restoring planetary health requires investing in technologies , new business models , raw materials and social and environmental innovation . this creates new opportunities for a sustainable , resilient , innovative and responsible european economy , boosting resource efficiency , productivity and competitiveness , and generating jobs and growth .


### activities will build a knowledge base and deliver solutions to : sustainably manage and use natural resources from land and sea - and enhance the role of terrestrial and aquatic systems as carbon sinks ; ensure food and nutrition security , providing safe , healthy and nutritious diets ; accelerate the transition from a fossil - based linear economy to a resource efficient , resilient , low emission , low - carbon circular economy , and supporting the development of a sustainable bio - based economy and the blue economy ; and develop resilient and vibrant rural , coastal and urban areas . ### activities will build a knowledge base and deliver solutions to : sustainably and effectively manage and use natural resources from land and water ensuring that biodiversity is maintained - and enhance the role of terrestrial and aquatic systems to increase sustainable growth of biomass and thus carbon sequestration , storage and substitution ; ensure food and nutrition security , providing safe , healthy and nutritious diets ; accelerate the transition from a fossil - based linear economy to a resource efficient , resilient , low emission , low - carbon bio and circular economy , and supporting the development of a sustainable bio - based economy and the blue economy ; and develop resilient and vibrant rural , coastal and urban areas .


### they will help to maintain and enhance the provision of biodiversity and secure the long - term provision of ecosystem services , climate adaptation and carbon sequestration . they will help reduce greenhouse gas and other emissions , waste and pollution from primary production , processing , consumption and other human activities . they will trigger investments , supporting the shift towards a circular economy , bioeconomy and blue economy , whilst protecting environmental health and integrity . ### they will help to maintain and enhance the provision of biodiversity and secure the long - term provision of ecosystem services , climate adaptation and carbon sequestration . they will further help reduce greenhouse gas and other emissions , waste and pollution from primary production , processing , consumption and other human activities . they will trigger investments , supporting the shift towards a circular economy , bioeconomy and blue economy , whilst protecting environmental health and integrity . they will support finding solutions to maintain the multi - functionality of the union agriculture and to enhance the locality of the food production .


### they will help to maintain and enhance the provision of biodiversity and secure the long - term provision of ecosystem services , climate adaptation and carbon sequestration . they will help reduce greenhouse gas and other emissions , waste and pollution from primary production , processing , consumption and other human activities . they will trigger investments , supporting the shift towards a circular economy , bioeconomy and blue economy , whilst protecting environmental health and integrity . ### they will help to maintain and enhance the provision of biodiversity and secure the long - term provision of ecosystem services , climate change adaptation and carbon sequestration . they will help reduce greenhouse gas and other emissions , waste and pollution from primary production , processing , consumption and other human activities . they will trigger investments , supporting the shift towards a circular economy , bioeconomy and blue economy , whilst protecting environmental health and integrity .


### they will also foster participatory approaches to research and innovation , including the multi - actor approach and develop knowledge and innovation systems at local , regional , national and european levels . social innovation with citizens ' engagement and trust in innovation will be crucial to encourage new governance , production and consumption patterns . ### they will also foster participatory approaches to research and innovation , including the multi - actor approach and develop knowledge and innovation systems at local , regional , national and european levels . social innovation with citizens ' engagement and trust in innovation will be crucial to encourage new governance , production and consumption patterns , which is also dependent on the information sharing by labelling of sustainable products to help the consumers to choose sustainable products and be aware of their recyclability .


### they will also foster participatory approaches to research and innovation , including the multi - actor approach and develop knowledge and innovation systems at local , regional , national and european levels . social innovation with citizens ' engagement and trust in innovation will be crucial to encourage new governance , production and consumption patterns . ### they will also foster participatory approaches to research and innovation , including the multi - actor approach and develop knowledge and innovation systems and distribution of excellence at local , regional , national and european levels . social innovation with citizens ' engagement and trust in innovation will be crucial to encourage new governance , production and consumption patterns .


### research and innovation activities under this cluster contribute in particular to the implementation of the goals of : the environmental action programme , the common agricultural policy , the common fisheries policy , the food law legislation , the maritime policy , the circular economy action plan , the eu bioeconomy strategy , and the 2030 climate and energy framework as well as eu legal provisions to reduce air pollution . ### research and innovation activities under this cluster contribute in particular to the implementation of the goals of : the common agricultural policy , the environmental action programme , the common fisheries policy , the food law legislation , the maritime policy , the circular economy action plan , the eu bioeconomy strategy , the eu forest strategy and the 2030 climate and energy framework as well as eu legal provisions to reduce air pollution .


### the capacity to observe the environment underpins research and innovation19 for the sustainable use and monitoring of food and natural resources . improved spatio - temporal coverage and sampling intervals at reduced cost , as well as big data access and integration from multiple sources provide new ways to monitor , understand and predict the earth system . there is a need for a wider deployment , exploitation and update of new technologies and continued research and innovation to address gaps in earth observation on land and sea and in the atmosphere , collaborating in particular through the global earth observation system of systems and its european component eurogeoss . __________________ 19 earth observation will support research and innovation under other intervention areas within this global challenge as well as other relevant parts of horizon europe . ### the capacity to observe the environment underpins research and innovation19 for the sustainable use and monitoring of food and natural resources . improved spatio - temporal coverage and sampling intervals at reduced cost , as well as big data access and integration from multiple sources provide new ways to monitor , understand and predict the earth processes and system . there is a need for a wider deployment , exploitation and update of new technologies and continued research and innovation to address gaps in earth observation on planetary surface and in the atmosphere , collaborating in particular through the global earth observation system of systems and its european component eurogeoss . __________________ 19 earth observation will support research and innovation under other intervention areas within this global challenge as well as other relevant parts of horizon europe .


### –user driven and systemic approaches including open data , to environmental data and information for complex modelling and predictive systems ; ### –user driven and systemic approaches including open environmental and spatial data from multiple sources and powerful analysis of big data to allow process - based modelling , prediction and the recognition of emerging risks ;


### improved understanding of biodiversity and ecosystems , the multiple services they provide and planetary ' boundaries ' as well as solutions harnessing nature’s power and complexity is needed to address societal challenges , to enhance sustainability and to attain the eu objective of ' living well within the limits of our planet ' by 2050 as laid down in the 7th eu environmental action programme . due account must be taken throughout whole value chains of potential upstream impacts . international cooperation and contribution to international efforts and initiatives , such as the intergovernmental science - policy platform on biodiversity and ecosystem services , are essential to achieve the objectives in this area . there is a need to better understand the governance of the transition to susntainability in the eceonomic , social and natural system , from the local to the global level . ### improved understanding of biodiversity and ecosystems , trends in their changes and threats they are facing , the multiple services they provide and planetary ' boundaries ' as well as solutions harnessing nature’s power and complexity is needed to address societal challenges , to enhance sustainability and to attain the eu objective of ' living well within the limits of our planet ' by 2050 as laid down in the 7th eu environmental action programme . due account must be taken throughout whole value chains of potential upstream impacts . research is needed to develop and contribute to the protections of biodiversity retaining forestry management concepts and agricultural production . international cooperation and contribution to international efforts and initiatives , such as the intergovernmental science - policy platform on biodiversity and ecosystem services , are essential to achieve the objectives in this area . there is a need to better understand the governance of the transition to sustainability in the economic , social and natural system , from the local to the global level .


### –the state and value of biodiversity , terrestrial and marine ecosystems , natural capital and ecosystem services ; ### –the state and value of biodiversity , terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems , natural capital and ecosystem services ;


### –the state and value of biodiversity , terrestrial and marine ecosystems , natural capital and ecosystem services ; ### –the state and value of biodiversity , terrestrial and marine ecosystems , natural capital and ecosystem services and sustainability of primary production ;


### –adaptable and multi - functional nature - based solutions , addressing challenges in cities , rural and coastal areas related to climate change , natural disasters , biodiversity loss , ecosystem degradation , pollution , and citizens’ health and well - being ; ### –adaptable and multi - functional nature - based solutions , addressing challenges in cities , rural and coastal areas related to agricultural productivity and competitiveness , climate change , natural disasters , biodiversity loss , ecosystem degradation , pollution , and citizens’ health and well - being ;


### –multi - actor living labs approaches engaging authorities , stakeholders , business and civil society in co - designing and co - creating systemic solutions for the preservation , restoration and sustainable use of natural capital the governance of the transition to sutainabilty and sustainable management options in economic activities throughout whole value loops . ### –multi - actor living labs approaches engaging authorities , stakeholders , producers , business and civil society in co - designing and co - creating systemic solutions for the preservation , restoration and sustainable use of natural capital the governance of the transition to sutainabilty and sustainable management options in economic activities throughout whole value loops .


### resilient and sustainable farming and forestry systems provide economic , environmental and social benefits in a changing context for primary production . in addition to contributing to food and nutrition security , they feed into dynamic value chains , manage land and natural resources as well as deliver a range of vital public goods including carbon sequestration , biodiversity preservation , pollination and public health . integrated approaches are needed to promote the multiple functions of agro - and forest systems taking into account the changing context for primary production , notably in relation to climate and environment , resource availability , demography and consumption patterns . it is also necessary to address the spatial and socio - economic dimension of agriculture and forestry activities and mobilise the potential of rural areas . ### resilient and sustainable farming and forestry systems provide economic , environmental and social benefits in a changing context for primary production . in addition to achieve food and nutrition security , they feed into dynamic value chains , manage land and natural resources as well as deliver a range of vital public goods including carbon sequestration , biodiversity preservation , pollination and public health . integrated approaches are needed to promote the multiple functions of agro - and forest systems taking into account the objectives of the cap and the changing context for primary production , notably in relation to climate and environment , resource availability , demography and consumption patterns as well as new emerging pests and diseases . it is also necessary to address the spatial and socio - economic dimension of agriculture and forestry activities and mobilise the potential of rural areas . in addition , it is important to address the dynamism of the rural - urban interface in the context of the expanding cities versus farming / forestry landscapes , residence versus work place dynamism and liveable countryside .


### –climate and environmental impact of activities in the primary sector ; potential of agriculture and forestry as carbon sinks and for mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions including negative emissions approaches ; ### –climate and environmental impact of activities in the primary sector ; potential of agriculture and forestry as carbon sinks and for mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions including negative emissions approaches , role of soil as carbon sequestration and substitution and technologies and methods to increase its carbon storage capacity ;


### –plant pests and diseases and animal health and welfare ; alternatives to the use of contentious pesticides , antibiotics and other substances ; ### –plant pests and diseases and animal health and welfare ; alternatives to the use of contentious pesticides , antibiotics and other malign substances , emphasis on nature - based solutions and health promoting living conditions ;


### –innovations in farming at the interfaces between agriculture , aquaculture and forestry and in urban areas ; ### –innovations in farming at the interfaces between agriculture , aquaculture and forestry and in urban areas , interfaces between rural and urban landscapes and effects to expanding cities on farming and forestry landscapes and facilitating business development in rural areas ;


### –land use , rural development and territorial linkages ; capitalising on the social , cultural , economic and environmental assets of rural areas for new services , business models , value chains and public goods ; ### –land use , rural development and territorial innovation ecosystem linkages ; capitalising on the social , cultural , economic and environmental assets of rural areas for new services , business models , value chains and public goods ;


### –digital innovations in farming , forestry and across value chains and rural areas through the use of data and development of infrastructures , technologies and governance models ; ### –digital innovations and development of smart solutions in farming , forestry and across value chains and rural areas through the use of data and development of infrastructures , technologies and governance models ;


### –digital innovations in farming , forestry and across value chains and rural areas through the use of data and development of infrastructures , technologies and governance models ; ### –digital innovations in farming , smart farming solutions , forestry and across value chains and rural areas through the use of data and development of infrastructures , technologies and governance models to improve resource efficiency and environmental performance ;


### seas and oceans ' natural capital and ecosystem services offer significant socio - economic and welfare benefits . this potential is at risk because of the severe pressure from human and natural stressors such as pollution , overfishing , climate change , sea - level rise and extreme weather events . to prevent seas and oceans from reaching a point of no return , it is necessary to strengthen our knowledge and understanding in order to sustainably manage , protect and restore marine and coastal ecosystems and prevent marine pollution , in a context of an improved and responsible ocean governance framework . this will also include research to sustainably unlock the vast and unexploited economic potential of seas and oceans aiming at producing more food without increasing pressures on them , and also contribute to alleviate pressure on land , freshwater and ocean resources . there is a need for partnering approaches , including sea basin and macro - regional strategies , extending beyond the eu ; and for contributing to international ocean governance commitments , initiatives like the united nations decade of ocean science for sustainable development and commitments linked to the conservation of marine biological diversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction . ### seas , oceans ' and fresh waters ' natural capital and ecosystem services offer significant socio - economic and welfare benefits . this potential is at risk because of the severe pressure from human and natural stressors such as pollution , nutrient leakage , overfishing , climate change , sea - level rise and extreme weather events . to prevent seas , oceans and fresh waters from reaching a point of no return , it is necessary to strengthen our knowledge and understanding in order to sustainably manage , protect and restore marine and coastal ecosystems and prevent marine pollution , in a context of an improved and responsible ocean governance framework . this will also include research to sustainably unlock the vast and unexploited economic potential of seas , oceans and fresh waters aiming at producing more food without increasing pressures on them , and also contribute to alleviate pressure on land , freshwater and ocean resources . there is a need for partnering approaches , including sea basin and macro - regional strategies , extending beyond the eu ; and for contributing to international ocean governance commitments , initiatives like the united nations decade of ocean science for sustainable development and commitments linked to the conservation of aquatic biological diversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction .


### –sustainable sea and ocean farming , fisheries and mariculture for food , including alternative sources of protein with increased food security , food sovereignty and climate resilience ; ### –sustainable sea , ocean and fresh water farming , fisheries and aquatic culture for food , including aquatic environments as alternative sources of protein with increased food security , food sovereignty and climate resilience ;


### –strengthened resilience of marine ecosystems thereby ensuring seas and ocean health , combating and mitigating the effects of natural and human pressures like pollution and plastics , eutrophication , acidification , seas and oceans warming , sea level rise , considering the intersection between land and sea and fostering a circular approach ; ### –strengthened resilience of aquatic ecosystems thereby ensuring seas , oceans ' and fresh waters health , combating and mitigating the effects of natural and human pressures like pollution and plastics , eutrophication , acidification , seas and oceans warming , sea level rise , considering the intersection between land and aquatic environment and fostering a circular approach ;


### –blue value - chains , the multiple - use of marine space and growth of the renewable energy sector from seas and oceans , including sustainable micro - and macro - algae ; ### –blue value - chains , the multiple - use of aquatic space and growth of the renewable energy sector from seas , oceans and fresh waters , including sustainable micro - and macro - algae ; modern aquatic production systems on land offering tools to environmentally neutral biomass production ;


### the combined effects of population growth , resource scarcity and overexploitation , environmental degradation , climate change and migration create unprecedented challenges which require food system transformation . 20 current food production and consumption are largely unsustainable while we are confronted with the double burden of malnutrition , characterised by the coexistence of undernutrition and obesity . future food systems need to deliver sufficient safe , healthy and quality food for all , underpinned by resource efficiency , sustainability , linking land and sea , reducing food waste , enhancing food production from the seas and oceans and encompassing the entire ' food value chain ' from producers to consumers – and back again . this needs to go hand in hand with development of the food safety system of the future and the design , development and delivery of tools , technologies and digital solutions that provide significant benefits for consumers and improve the competitiveness and sustainability of the food value chain . furthermore , there is a need to foster behavioural changes in food consumption and production patterns as well as to engage primary producers , industry , retailers , food service sectors , consumers , and public services . __________________ 20 swd 319 final : european research and innovation for food and nutrition security ### the combined effects of population growth , resource scarcity and overexploitation , environmental degradation , climate change and migration create unprecedented challenges which require food system transformation . 20 especially the food security and sustainable production of protein is a global challenge for which answers must be found . current food production and consumption are to some extent unsustainable while we are confronted with the double burden of malnutrition , characterised by the coexistence of undernutrition and obesity . future food systems need to aim at carbon neutrality and deliver sufficient safe , healthy and quality food for all , underpinned by resource efficiency , sustainability , linking land and aquatic environments , reducing food waste , enhancing food production from the aquatic environments and encompassing the entire ' food value chain ' from producers to consumers – and back again . this needs to go hand in hand with development of the food safety system of the future and the design , development and delivery of tools , technologies and digital solutions that provide significant benefits to all actors of the food chain and improve the competitiveness and sustainability of the food value chain . furthermore , there is a need to foster behavioural changes in food consumption and production patterns as well as to engage primary producers , industry , retailers , food service sectors , consumers , and public services . __________________ 20 swd 319 final : european research and innovation for food and nutrition security


### the combined effects of population growth , resource scarcity and overexploitation , environmental degradation , climate change and migration create unprecedented challenges which require food system transformation . 20 current food production and consumption are largely unsustainable while we are confronted with the double burden of malnutrition , characterised by the coexistence of undernutrition and obesity . future food systems need to deliver sufficient safe , healthy and quality food for all , underpinned by resource efficiency , sustainability , linking land and sea , reducing food waste , enhancing food production from the seas and oceans and encompassing the entire ' food value chain ' from producers to consumers – and back again . this needs to go hand in hand with development of the food safety system of the future and the design , development and delivery of tools , technologies and digital solutions that provide significant benefits for consumers and improve the competitiveness and sustainability of the food value chain . furthermore , there is a need to foster behavioural changes in food consumption and production patterns as well as to engage primary producers , industry , retailers , food service sectors , consumers , and public services . _________________ 20 swd 319 final : european research and innovation for food and nutrition security ### the combined effects of population growth , resource scarcity and overexploitation , environmental degradation , climate change and migration create unprecedented challenges which require food system transformation . 20 current food production and consumption are largely unsustainable while we are confronted with the double burden of malnutrition , characterised by the coexistence of undernutrition and obesity . future food systems need to be carbon neutral and resilient and need to deliver sufficient safe , healthy and quality food for all , underpinned by resource efficiency , sustainability , linking land and sea , reducing food waste , enhancing food production from the seas and oceans and encompassing the entire ' food value chain ' from producers to consumers – and back again . this needs to go hand in hand with development of the food safety system of the future and the design , development and delivery of tools , technologies and digital solutions that provide significant benefits for consumers and improve the competitiveness and sustainability of the food value chain . furthermore , there is a need to foster behavioural changes in food consumption and production patterns as well as to engage primary producers , industry , retailers , food service sectors , consumers , and public services . _________________ 20 swd 319 final : european research and innovation for food and nutrition security


### –food system mitigation of and adaptation to climate change , including the exploration of the potential and use of the microbiome , forgotten crops , alternative proteins ; ### –resilience of food systems , food system mitigation of and adaptation to climate change , including the exploration of the potential and use of the microbiome , forgotten crops , alternative proteins , new ways and technologies of producing food ;


### –environmentally sustainable , circular and resource efficient food systems from land and sea , towards zero food waste throughout the entire food system , through reuse of food and biomass , recycling of food waste , new food packaging , demand for tailored and local food ; ### –environmentally , socially and economically sustainable , circular and resource efficient food systems from land and aquatic environments that take the biodiversity and ecosystem services into account , towards zero food waste throughout the entire food system , through reuse of food and biomass including production side - streams , recycling of food waste , new food packaging , demand for tailored and local food ;


### –innovation and food systems for place - based innovation and empowerment of communities , fostering fair trade and pricing , inclusiveness and sustainability through partnerships between industry , local authorities , researchers and society . ### –innovation and food systems for place - based innovation and empowerment of communities , fostering fair trade and pricing , inclusiveness and sustainability through partnerships between primary production , industry , local authorities , researchers and society .


### bio - based innovation lays the foundations for the transition away from a fossil - based economy by encompassing the sustainable sourcing , industrial processing and conversion of biomass from land and sea into bio - based materials and products . it also capitalises on the potential of living resources , life sciences and industrial biotechnology for new discoveries , products and processes . bio - based innovation , including technologies , can bring new economic activities and employment to regions and cities , contribute to revitalising rural and coastal economies and strengthen the circularity of the bioeconomy . ### bio - based innovation lays the foundations for the transition away from a fossil - based economy by encompassing the sustainable sourcing , industrial processing linked with research on primary production and conversion of biomass from land and aquatic environments into bio - based materials and products . it also capitalises on the potential of living resources , life sciences and industrial biotechnology for new discoveries , products and processes . bio - based innovation , including technologies , can bring new economic activities and employment to regions and cities , contribute to revitalising rural and coastal economies and strengthen the circularity of the bioeconomy thus making the transition to a low - carbon resource efficient society .


### bio - based innovation lays the foundations for the transition away from a fossil - based economy by encompassing the sustainable sourcing , industrial processing and conversion of biomass from land and sea into bio - based materials and products . it also capitalises on the potential of living resources , life sciences and industrial biotechnology for new discoveries , products and processes . bio - based innovation , including technologies , can bring new economic activities and employment to regions and cities , contribute to revitalising rural and coastal economies and strengthen the circularity of the bioeconomy . ### bio - based innovation lays the foundations for the transition away from a fossil - based economy by encompassing the sustainable sourcing , industrial processing and conversion of biomass from land and sea into bio - based materials and products . it also capitalises on the potential of living resources , life sciences and industrial biotechnology for new discoveries , products and processes . bio - based innovation , including technologies , can bring new economic activities and employment to regions and cities , contribute to revitalising rural and coastal economies and strengthen the circularity of the bioeconomy . research in primary production is very important and should be strongly interlinked to industrial processing .


### –sustainable biomass sourcing and production systems , focusing on high - value applications and uses , social and environmental sustainability , impact on climate and biodiversity reduction targets and overall resource efficiency ; ### –sustainable biomass sourcing and production systems , focusing on high - value applications and uses , social , environmental and economic sustainability , impact on climate and biodiversity reduction targets and overall resource efficiency ;


### –bio - based value chains , materials , including bio - inspired materials , products and processes with novel qualities , functionalities and improved sustainability , fostering the development of advanced biorefineries using a wider range of biomass ; ### –bio - based value chains , materials , including bio - inspired materials , products and processes with novel qualities , functionalities and improved sustainability , fostering the development of advanced biorefineries using a wider range of biomass including bio - waste as well as industrial waste and side - streams and exploiting advanced biomass deconstruction technologies should be developed ; ;


### –circularity of the bio - based economy through technological , systemic , social and business model innovation to radically increase the value generated per unit of biological resources , keeping the value of such resources in the economy for longer and supporting the principle of the cascading use of sustainable biomass through research and innovation ; ### –circularity of the bio - based economy through technological , systemic , social and business model innovation to radically increase the value generated per unit of biological resources , keeping the value of such resources in the economy for longer and supporting substitution of non - renewable materials and the principle of the cascading use of sustainable biomass and innovating new bio - based products through research and innovation ;


### –inclusive bioeconomy patterns with different actors participating in the creation of value , maximising societal impact . ### –inclusive bioeconomy patterns with different actors participating in the creation of value , maximising societal , economic and scientific impact .


### –increased understanding of the boundaries of the bio - based economy and its synergies and trade - offs with a healthy environment . ### –increased understanding of the possibilities and boundaries of the bio - based economy and its benefits , synergies and trade - offs with a healthy environment .