下面是各厂商的Makernote的规格说明,但由于下面所提及的相机太过于古老,不准备全部翻译。

附录1: 奥林帕斯数字相机的MakerNote

下面是根据Peter Esherick解析出来的Olympus D450Z(C-920Z)的数据.
奥林帕斯的数字相机的MakerNote开始于 ASCII 字符串 "OLYMP". 数据格式跟IFD一样, 但是它是从偏移量 0x07 开始. 实际的数据结构的例子如下.
:0000: 4F 4C 59 4D 50 00 01 00-0B 00 00 02 04 00 03 00 OLYMP........... :0010: 00 00 0E 04 00 00 01 02-03 00 01 00 00 00 03 00 ................

标签号标签名格式组件数值
0x0200SpecialModeUnsigned Long3表示照片的拍摄模式. 第一个值的意思是 0=正常, 1=未知, 2=快速, 3=全景. 第二个值意思是序列号, 第三个值表示全景的方向 1=从左到右, 2=从右到左, 3=从下到上, 4=从上到下.
0x0201JpegQualUnsigned Short1表示JPEG 的质量. 1=SQ,2=HQ,3=SHQ.
0x0202MacroUnsigned Short1表示是否是宏模式. 0=正常, 1=宏.
0x0203UnknownUnsigned Short1未知
0x0204DigiZoomUnsigned Rational1表示数字相机的放大率. 0=正常, 2=数字2倍变焦.
0x0205UnknownUnsigned Rational1未知
0x0206UnknownSigned Short6未知
0x0207SoftwareReleaseAscii string5表示固件版本.
0x0208PictInfoAscii string52包含 ASCII 格式的数据如 [PictureInfo]. 它跟老的奥林帕斯数码相机(没有采用Exif 数据格式, 如C1400/C820/D620/D340等)采用相同的数据格式.
0x0209CameraIDUndefined32包含CameraID 的数据, 用户可以使用客户端工具来改变它的内容
0x0f00DataDumpUnsigned Long30未知

附录2: 尼康相机的MakerNote

Nikon相机的MakerNote有两种格式. E700/E800/E900/E900S/E910/E950相机开始于 ASCII 字符串 "Nikon". 数据格式与IFD一样, 但是它从偏移地址0x08处开始. 除了开始字符串 之外这跟奥林帕斯相机的一样. 实际的数据结构的例子如下表示.
:0000: 4E 69 6B 6F 6E 00 01 00-05 00 02 00 02 00 06 00 Nikon........... :0010: 00 00 EC 02 00 00 03 00-03 00 01 00 00 00 06 00 ................

标签号.标签名格式组件数值
0x0002UnknownAscii string6未知. E900/E900S/E910:"09.41", 其他的是:"08.00".
0x0003QualityUnsigned short1表示图像的质量设置. 在E900相机中, 1:VGA 基本, 2:VGA 正常, 3:VGA 好, 4:SXGA 基本, 5:SXGA 正常, 6:SXGA 好
0x0004Color ModeUnsigned short11:彩色, 2:黑白.
0x0005Image AdjustmentUnsigned short10:正常, 1:明亮+, 2:明亮-, 3:对比+, 4:对比-.
0x0006CCD SensitivityUnsigned short10:ISO80, 2:ISO160, 4:ISO320, 5:ISO100
0x0007White balanceUnsigned short10:自动, 1:预设, 2:日光, 3:荧光灯, 4:白炽灯, 5:阴天, 6:速度光(SpeedLight)
0x0008FocusUnsigned rational1如果是无穷远对焦, 此值为 '1/0'.
0x0009UnknownAscii string20未知
0x000aDigital ZoomUnsigned rational1'160/100' 表示 1.6x 数码变焦, '0/100' 表示没有采用数码变焦 (仅仅是光学变焦).
0x000bConverterUnsigned short1如果使用尼康的鱼眼镜头, 此值是 '1'.
0x0f00UnknownUnsigned long25~30未知

在E990像集中, 没有Ascii 字符串. 就想通常的 IFD (如. IFD0, SubIFD)一样, 从数据的第一个 字节开始就是IFD . Nikon D1 也使用这个格式. 实际数据结构的例子如下表示.
:0000: 10 00 01 00 07 00 04 00-00 00 00 01 00 00 02 00 ................ :0010: 03 00 02 00 00 00 00 00-64 00 03 00 02 00 06 00 ........d.......
以下数据由 Max Lyons解析.

Tag No.Tag NameFormatCompoNoValue
0x0001UnknownUndefined4Unknown. Always "0100". version?
0x0002ISO SettingUnsigned short20,100=ISO 100
0,200=ISO200
0,400=ISO400
etc.
0x0003Color ModeAscii stringvaries"COLOR", "B&W"
0x0004QualityAscii stringvaries"NORMAL", "FINE", "BASIC"
0x0005WhitebalanceAscii stringvaries"AUTO", "WHITE PRESET" etc.
0x0006Image SharpeningAscii stringvaries"AUTO", "HIGH" etc.
0x0007Focus ModeAscii stringvaries"AF-S" means Single AF, "AF-C" means Continuous AF.
0x0008Flash SettingAscii stringvaries"NORMAL", "RED-EYE" etc.
0x000aUnknownUnsigned rational1Unknown, Always '8832/1000'?
0x000fISO SelectionAscii stringvaries"MANUAL":User selected, "AUTO":Automatically selected.
0x0080Image AdjustmentAscii stringvaries"AUTO", "NORMAL", "CONTRAST(+)" etc.
0x0082AdapterAscii stringvaries"OFF", "FISHEYE 2", "WIDE ADAPTER" etc.
0x0085Manual Focus DistanceUnsigned rational1Distance in Meters if focus was manually selected, otherwise 0
0x0086Digital ZoomUnsigned rational1'100/100' means no digital zoom (optical zoom only), '140/100' means 1.4x digital zoom.
0x0088AF Focus PositionUndefined4'0,0,0,0':Center, '0,1,0,0':Top, '0,2,0,0':Bottom, '0,3,0,0':Left, '0,4,0,0':right
0x0010Data DumpUndefined174Unknown.

Appendix 3: MakerNote of Casio

Casio started to use Exif format from QV2000/QV8000. Casio's MakerNote format is the same as usual IFD (e.g. IFD0, SubIFD0). Example of actual data structure is shown below.
:0000: 00 14 00 01 00 03 00 00-00 01 00 0A 00 00 00 02 ................ :0010: 00 03 00 00 00 01 00 03-00 00 00 03 00 03 00 00 ................

Tag No.Tag NameFormatCompoNoValue
0x0001RecordingModeUnsigned Short11:Single Shutter, 2:Panorama, 3:Night Scene, 4:Portrait, 5:Landscape
0x0002QualityUnsigned Short11:Economy, 2:Normal, 3:Fine
0x0003Focusing ModeUnsigned Short12:Macro, 3:Auto Focus, 4:Manual Focus, 5:Infinity
0x0004Flash ModeUnsigned Short11:Auto, 2:On, 3:Off, 4:Red Eye Reduction
0x0005Flash IntensityUnsigned Short111:Weak, 13:Normal, 15:Strong
0x0006Object distanceUnsigned Long1Object distance in [mm]
0x0007White BalanceUnsigned Short11:Auto, 2:Tungsten, 3:Daylight, 4:Fluorescent, 5:Shade, 129:Manual
0x0008UnknownUnsigned short1Unknown
0x0009UnknownUnsigned short1Unknown
0x000aDigital ZoomUnsigned Long10x10000(65536):'Off', 0x10001(65537):'2X Digital Zoom'
0x000bSharpnessUnsigned Short10:Normal, 1:Soft, 2:Hard
0x000cContrastUnsigned Short10:Normal, 1:Low, 2:High
0x000dSaturationUnsigned Short10:Normal, 1:Low, 2:High
0x000eUnknownUnsigned short1Unknown
0x000fUnknownUnsigned short1Unknown
0x0010UnknownUnsigned short1Unknown
0x0011UnknownUnsigned long1Unknown
0x0012UnknownUnsigned short1Unknown
0x0013UnknownUnsigned short1Unknown
0x0014CCD SensitivityUnsigned short1QV3000: 64:Normal, 125:+1.0, 250:+2.0, 244:+3.0
QV8000/2000: 80:Normal, 100:High

Appendix 4: MakerNote of Fujifilm

Fujifilm's digicam added the MakerNote tag from the Year2000's model (e.g.Finepix1400,Finepix4700). It uses IFD format and start from ASCII character 'FUJIFILM', and next 4 bytes(value 0x000c) points the offset to first IFD entry. Example of actual data structure is shown below.
:0000: 46 55 4A 49 46 49 4C 4D-0C 00 00 00 0F 00 00 00 :0000: FUJIFILM........ :0010: 07 00 04 00 00 00 30 31-33 30 00 10 02 00 08 00 :0010: ......0130......
There are two big differences to the other manufacturers.
Fujifilm's Exif data uses Motorola align, but MakerNote ignores it and uses Intel align.The other manufacturer's MakerNote counts the "offset to data" from the first byte of TIFF header (same as the other IFD), but Fujifilm counts it from the first byte of MakerNote itself.
I think it's a BUG, but it can't be helped now... The data below is analyzed at Fujifilm FinePix4900Z.

Tag No.Tag NameFormatCompoNoValue
0x0000VersionUndefined4Version of MakerNote information. At present, value is "0130".
0x1000QualityAscii string8Quality setting. Ascii string "BASIC","NORMAL","FINE"
0x1001SharpnessUnsigned Short1Sharpness setting. 1or2:soft, 3:normal, 4or5:hard.
0x1002White BalanceUnsigned Short1White balance setting. 0:Auto, 256:Daylight, 512:Cloudy, 768:DaylightColor-fluorescence, 769:DaywhiteColor-fluorescence, 770:White-fluorescence, 1024:Incandenscense, 3840:Custom white balance.
0x1003ColorUnsigned Short1Chroma saturation setting. 0:normal(STD), 256:High, 512:Low(ORG).
0x1004ToneUnsigned Short1Contrast setting. 0:normal(STD), 256:High(HARD), 512:Low(ORG).
0x1010Flash ModeUnsigned Short1Flash firing mode setting. 0:Auto, 1:On, 2:Off, 3:Red-eye reduction.
0x1011Flash StrengthSigned Rational1Flash firing strength compensation setting. Unit is APEX(EV) and value is -6/10, -3/10, 0/10, 3/10, 6/10 etc.
0x1020MacroUnsigned Short1Macro mode setting. 0:Off, 1:On.
0x1021Focus modeUnsigned short1Focusing mode setting. 0:Auto focus, 1:Manual focus.
0x1030SlowSync.Unsigned short1Slow synchro mode setting. 0:Off, 1:On.
0x1031Picture ModeUnsigned short1Picture mode setting. 0:Auto, 1:Portrait scene, 2:Landscape scene, 4:Sports scene, 5:Night scene, 6:Program AE, 256:Aperture prior AE, 512:Shutter prior AE, 768:Manual exposure.
0x1032unknownUnsigned Short1Unknown
0x1100ContTake/BracketUnsigned Short1Continuous taking or auto bracketting mode setting. 0:off, 1:on.
0x1200unknownUnsigned Short1Unknown
0x1300Blur warningUnsigned Short1Blur warning status. 0:No blur warning, 1:Blur warning.
0x1301Focus warningUnsigned short1Auto Focus warning status. 0:Auto Focus good, 1:Out of focus.
0x1302AE warningUnsigned short1Auto Exposure warning status. 0:AE good, 1:Over exposure (>1/1000s,F11).

Appendix 5: MakerNote of Canon

Canon's MakerNote data is in IFD format, starting at offset 0.
Some of these tags and fields are only produced on cameras such as the EOS D30, but (to current observation) all this is valid for all Canon digicams (at least since the A50). If the tag is not found, or is shorter than shown here, it simply means that data is not supported by that camera.

Tag No.Tag NameFormatCompoNoValue
0x0UnknownUnsigned Short6Always 0
0x1UnknownUnsigned Shortvaries
Offset within tagMeaning
0Length of tag in bytes (i.e. twice the number of shorts)
1Macro mode1: macro
2: normal
2If non-zero, length of self-timer in 10ths of a second
3unknown
4Flash mode0: flash not fired
1: auto
2: on
3: red-eye reduction
4: slow synchro
5: auto + red-eye reduction
6: on + red-eye reduction
16: external flash (not set on D30)
5Continuous drive mode0: single or timer (see field 2)
1: continuous
6unknown
7Focus Mode0: One-Shot
1: AI Servo
2: AI Focus
3: MF
4: Single (but check field 32)
5: Continuous
6: MF
8, 9unknown
10Image size0: large
1: medium
2: small
11"Easy shooting" mode0: Full Auto
1: Manual
2: Landscape
3: Fast Shutter
4: Slow Shutter
5: Night
6: B&W
7: Sepia
8: Portrait
9: Sports
10: Macro / Close-Up
11: Pan Focus
12unknown
13Contrast0xffff: low
0x0000: normal
0x0001: high
14Saturation0xffff: low
0x0000: normal
0x0001: high
15Sharpness0xffff: low
0x0000: normal
0x0001: high
16ISOIf zero, use ISOSpeedRatings EXIF tag instead
15: auto
16: 50
17: 100
18: 200
19: 400
17Metering mode3: Evaluative
4: Partial
5: Center-weighted
18unknown
19AF point selected0x3000: none (MF)
0x3001: auto-selected
0x3002: right
0x3003: center
0x3004: left
20Exposure mode0: "Easy shooting" (use field 11)
1: Program
2: Tv-priority
3: Av-priority
4: Manual
5: A-DEP
21, 22unknown
23"long" focal length of lens (in "focal units")
24"short" focal length of lens (in "focal units")
25"focal units" per mm
26 - 28unknown
29Flash detailsBits 15..0:
14: external E-TTL
13: internal flash
11: FP sync used
4: FP sync enabled
other bits unknown
30 - 31unknown
32Focus modeG1 seems to use this in preference to field 7
0: Single
1: Continuous
0x3UnknownUnsigned Short4unknown
0x4UnknownUnsigned Shortvaries
Offset within tagMeaning
0Length of tag in bytes (i.e. twice the number of shorts)
1 - 6unknown
7White balance0: auto
1: Sunny
2: Cloudy
3: Tungsten
4: Flourescent
5: Flash
6: Custom
8unknown
9Sequence number (if in a continuous burst)
10 - 13unknown
14AF point usedOnly set in One-Shot mode?
If none used, AF failed or manual focus was used (e.g. on a lens with full-time manual focus)
Bits 15..0:
15-12: number of available focus points
2: left
1: center
0: right
15Flash bias0xffc0: -2 EV
0xffcc: -1.67 EV
0xffd0: -1.50 EV
0xffd4: -1.33 EV
0xffe0: -1 EV
0xffec: -0.67 EV
0xfff0: -0.50 EV
0xfff4: -0.33 EV
0x0000: 0 EV
0x000c: 0.33 EV
0x0010: 0.50 EV
0x0014: 0.67 EV
0x0020: 1 EV
0x002c: 1.33 EV
0x0030: 1.50 EV
0x0034: 1.67 EV
0x0040: 2 EV
16 - 18unknown
19Subject DistanceUnits are either 0.01m or 0.001m (both have been observed). Still investigating.
In any case, the SubjectDistance EXIF tag is set by Canon cameras.
0x6Image typeAscii string32e.g.: "IMG:EOS D30 JPEG"
Has trailing whitespace.
0x7Firmware versionAscii string24May have trailing NULs and whitespace.
0x8Image NumberUnsigned Long1Normally reported as FFF-XXXX.
FFF is this value divided by 1000, XXXX is this value mod 1000.
0x9Owner nameAscii string32May have trailing NULs and whitespace.
0xaUnknownUnsigned Shortvariesunknown
0xcCamera serial numberUnsigned Long1High 16 bits are printed as a 4-digit hex number.
Low 16 bits are printed as a 5-digit decimal number.
These are concatenated to form the serial number. Example printf() format string would be "Xd".
0xdUnknownUnsigned Shortvariesunknown
0xfCustom FunctionsUnsigned ShortvariesFirst short is the number of bytes in the tag (i.e. twice the number of shorts)
For each other value: the top 8 bits are the C.Fn number, and the lower 8 bits are the value.

EOS D30 Custom Functions

C.FnNameValue
1Long exposure noise reduction0: Off
1: On
2Shutter/AE-lock buttons0: AF/AE lock
1: AE lock/AF
2: AF/AF lock
3: AE+release/AE+AF
3Mirror lockup0: Disable
1: Enable
4Tv/Av and exposure level0: 1/2 stop
1: 1/3 stop
5AF-assist light0: On (auto)
1: Off
6Shutter speed in Av mode0: Automatic
1: 1/200 (fixed)
7AEB sequence/auto cancellation0: 0, -, + / Enabled
1: 0, -, + / Disabled
2: -, 0, + / Enabled
3: -, 0, + / Disabled
8Shutter curtain sync0: 1st-curtain sync
1: 2nd-curtain sync
9Lens AF stop button Fn. Switch0: AF stop
1: Operate AF
2: Lock AE and start timer
10Auto reduction of fill flash0: Enable
1: Disable
11Menu button return position0: Top
1: Previous (volatile)
2: Previous
12SET button func. when shooting0: Not assigned
1: Change quality
2: Change ISO speed
3: Select parameters
13Sensor cleaning0: Disable
1: Enable

修订履历

rev. 1.4

追加了佳能的Makernote在富士的makernote中增加了色彩/色调 标签

rev. 1.3

追加了 Exif2.1 规格添加了富士的 Makernote

rev. 1.2

追加了 DCF 规格追加了Interoperability IFD添加了尼康/卡西欧的Makernote

rev. 1.1

在TIFF头的标签标记中追加了字节顺序的解释为"unsigned short/long"修正了一些标签的数据格式修正了FocalPlaneResolutionUnit的值附录1: 奥林帕斯的MakerNote

rev. 1.0

第一版发布

鸣谢

我想要感谢;
Daniel Switkin: 标签标记的字节序, ImageWidth/ImageLeng格式
Peter Esherick: 奥林帕斯的MakerNote
Matthias Wandel: FocalPlaneResolutionUnit的值
Max Lyons: 尼康的Makernote ...它的 网页在这里
Eckhard Henkel: 卡西欧的Makernote ...它的 网页在这里