1. 过去分词作状语表示被动的和完成的动作。(1) Written in a hurry,this article was not so good! 因为写得匆忙,这篇文章不是很好。【注意】written 为过去分词作状语,表示这篇文章是被写的,而且已经被写. 值得注意的是,有些过去分词因来源于系表结构,作状语时不表被动而表主动.这样的过去分词及短语常见的有: lost (迷路); seated (坐); hidden (躲); stationed (驻扎); lost / absorbed in (沉溺于); born (出身于); dressed in (穿着); tired of (厌烦)。(2) Lost / Absorbed in deep thought,he didn't hear the sound.因为沉溺于思考之中,所以他没听到那个声音。2. 过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语,此时应注意人称一致;(1) Given another hour,I can also work out this problem.再给我一个小时,我也能解这道题.(given 为过去分词作状语,它的逻辑主语为主句主语 I,即 I 被再给一个小时。)(2)Seen from the top of the hill,the city looks more beautiful to us.从山顶看城市,城市显得更漂亮。(seen 为过去分词作状语,表"被看",由语境可知,它的逻辑主语必须是城市,而不是"我们",因为"我们"应主动看城市。)【注意】如果过去分词作状语时,前面再加逻辑主语,主句的主语就不再是分词的逻辑主语,这种带逻辑主语的过去分词结构实际上属于独立主格结构。(1) The signal given,the bus started. 信号一发出,汽车就开动了。(the signal 是 given 的逻辑主语,因此主句主语 the bus 就不是given 的逻辑主语。(2) Her head held high,she went by. 她把头昂得高高地从这儿走了过去。(her head 是 held high 的逻辑主语,因此主句主语 she 就不再是held high 的逻辑主语。)3. 过去分词作状语来源于状语从句.(1) Caught in a heavy rain,he was all wet. 因为淋了一场大雨,所以他全身湿透了。 (caught in a heavy rain 为过去分词短语作原因状语,它来源于原因状语从句Because he was caught in a heavy rain.)(2)_Grown in rich soil,these seeds can grow fast. 如果种在肥沃的土壤里,这些种子能长得很快。( grown in rich soil 为过去分词作条件状语,它来源于条件状语从句。If these seeds are grown in rich soil.【注意】状语从句改成过去分词作状语时有时还可保留连词,构成"连词+过去分词"结构作状语。When given a medical examination,you should keep calm. 当你做体格检查时要保持镇定。4. 过去分词作状语的位置.过去分词可放在主句前作句首状语,后面有逗号与主句隔开;也可放在主句后面,前面有逗号与主句隔开。He stood there silently,moved to tears. = Moved to tears,he stood there silently. 他静静地站在那里,被感动得热泪盈眶。(一)能够接过去分词作宾补的动词有以下四类:1. 表示感觉或心理状态的动词.如:see,watch,observe,look at,hear,listen to,feel,notice,think等。(1) I heard the song sung in English. 我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌。(过去分词sung的动作显然先于谓语动作heard;)(2) He found his hometown greatly changed. 他发现他的家乡变化很大。(过去分词changed的动作显然先于谓语动作found)2. 表示"致使"意义的动词.如:have,make,get,keep,leave等。(1) I'll have my hair cut tomorrow. 明天我要理发。(2) He got his tooth pulled out yesterday. 他昨天把牙拔了。(3) Don't leave those things undone. 要把那些事情做完。3. 表示思维活动的动词如consider,know,think等后。如:(1) I consider the matter settled. 我认为这件事解决了。(2) I thought myself wronged somehow in the bargain. 我认为自己在这场交易中又受愚弄了。4. 表示爱憎,意愿的动词如want, wish, like, hate等后。如:(1) I wanted two tickets reserved. 我要预定两张机票。(2) He didn’t wish it mentioned. 他不愿这事被提起。【注意】过去分词所表示的动作一定和宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系。(二)使役动词have接过去分词作宾补有两种情况。