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.01.20·125·甲状腺球蛋白负反馈调节机制陈飞1,汪红娟1,李强1,黎志超1,骆予倩21南方医科大学珠江医院,广东广州510280;2南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院,江苏南京210008摘要:甲状腺球蛋白(Tg)是甲状腺滤泡中最重要含量最丰富的蛋白质,临床作为甲状腺癌复发和持续状态的肿瘤标志物被广泛深入的研究。传统观点认为Tg是甲状腺激素合成的物质基础,不参与调节甲状腺激素合成分泌,甲状腺激素合成分泌受甲状腺-下丘脑-脑垂体轴负反馈调节机制调控。本文阐述的甲状腺球蛋白负反馈调节机制基于实验研究结论认为:甲状腺球蛋白对甲状腺滤泡细胞合成甲状腺激素功能存在负向调控作用,可以拮抗促甲状腺激素TSH的正向调控作用,推测甲状腺滤泡细胞功能是Tg和TSH共同作用的结果,并提出滤泡周期模型揭示甲状腺滤泡异质性的原因。本文综述甲状腺球蛋白负反馈调节机制研究进展,展望了该研究的临床意义,对比甲状腺-下丘脑-脑垂体轴负反馈调节机制,说明两个理论之间的差异,加深对甲状腺两个负反馈调节机制的认识。关键词:甲状腺球蛋白;甲状腺激素合成;负反馈学说;滤泡周期模型ProgressintheresearchofnegativefeedbackeffectofthyroglobulinCHENFei1,WANGHongjuan1,LIQiang1,LIZhichao1,LUOYuqian21DepartmentofThyroidSurgery,ZhujiangHospital,SouthernMedicalUniversity,Guangzhou510280,China;2DepartmentofLaboratoryMedicine,JiangsuKeyLaboratoryforMolecularMedicine,NanjingUniversityMedicalSchool,Nanjing210008,ChinaAbstract:Thyroglobulinisthemostimportantandabundantproteininthyroidfolliclesandhasbeenwidelystudiedasatumormarkerofthyroidcancerrecurrenceandpersistence.Tgisconsideredthematerialbasisofthyroidhormonesynthesisanddoesnotparticipateintheregulationofthyroidhormonesynthesisandsecretion.Thisreviewsummarizestherecentprogressintheresearchofthyroidhormonesynthesisandsecretionregulationviaanegativefeedbackregulationmechanismbythethyroid-hypothalamus-pituitaryaxis.ThyroglobulincannegativelyregulatethesynthesisofthyroidhormonebythyroidfollicularcellsandantagonizethepositiveregulationofthyrotropinTSH.ThefunctionofthyroidfollicularcellsispresumablyaresultofTgandTSHinteraction,andafollicularcyclemodelisproposedtoexplainthecausesoffollicularheterogeneityinglands.Wealsodiscusstheprospectsandclinicalsignificanceofstudiesintothenegativefeedbackregulationmechanismofthethyroid-hypothalamus-pituitaryaxisandcomparetwotheoriesforthismechanism.Keywords:thyroglobulin;thyroidhormonesynthesis;negativefeedbackeffect;follicularcyclemodel