唐代礼乐制度对中国 整个古代乐制的影响是本文的中心论题之一,唐代的礼乐系统是中国古代礼乐制度的典 唐代音乐的繁荣是中国古代音乐史的一个高峰,对后世有着极其深远的影响。唐代的音乐机构主要有太常寺(太乐署、鼓吹署)、梨园、教坊。盛唐时期的教坊、梨园等 机构也是太常职能分化的产物,目前学术界关于唐代音乐机构制度研究的成果并不多。 所以太常礼乐的研究是对认识唐代礼乐制度认识所必不可缺的。 本文分为四个部分: 第一部分,考证了唐代太常寺的音乐机构组成。太常代表天道,是祭祀天神的特 殊艺术符号,天子君权神授的权利象征。太常寺的历史沿革由汉承秦制至隋唐,主要职 能是统管宫廷所有音乐,其中主管音乐的机构是太乐署和鼓吹署。 第二部分,考证了唐代太常寺的运作机制和人员编制情况。唐代太常寺是礼乐的 主要实施机构,它沿袭北齐,又承隋代,起名字历改奉常寺、司礼寺。太常寺乐官又称 “乐卿”,位于九卿之首,职重地高,不同他司。太常寺的运作机制和职能分配更加趋 于专业化。太常寺下置八署四院,有着严明的等级制度,从乐官到乐工分工明确,各司 第三部分,考证了唐代太常寺音乐的乐部制度。所谓乐部,意味着具有组织规范性,有系统的器物制度的音乐形式。乐部制度是唐太常寺音乐管理制度中重要的一部分。 唐代太常寺分部管理各种音乐形式,不管是九部乐、十部乐这类多部乐部类,还是坐部 伎乐、立部伎乐此二部伎乐类,从形式和内容上解反映出了音乐分部是唐代音乐历史的 一个重要文化现象。 第四部分,考证了唐代太常礼乐制度的一些相关问题。太常寺、教坊、梨园是唐 代重要的音乐机构。三者各司其能,在某些方面即有区别也有联系。太常寺不仅是政府 正式的行政机构,也是国家统治的一种工具,由于政治因素的影响,太常寺一直处于礼 乐的核心地位,负责管理音乐相关事宜,特别是以雅正之乐为主,娱乐功能较弱,唐初 太常寺包纳了多种宫廷音乐形式,雅俗皆管,为教坊、梨园的出现奠定了基础。内教坊 和梨园俗乐机构的出现,,使得当时的雅乐、俗乐、胡乐高度融合,迎来了盛唐的国际 化艺术高潮。同时在这样的大背景下,以太常乐制为核心的唐太常礼乐逐渐产生了职能 分化。 关键词:唐代,太常寺,音乐机构,礼乐职能 II ABSTRACT 0ff0珊燃generation handed down from royalcol】n御献峭栅c,融,affairs stateadministrative agencies Tang dynasty depam咖‘ot删sic.tooo觚inD锄.他nple细oft匝tolhe则_sic瑚蛔me州即visi咖ofthe 毗孤d碱mti蝴蛐mem删nts)『st锄is趾嘶咖t叫ofthe舢略maumoris 删砾獭嗣iIl outstandingmusic culture tangdynastyafter con枷on0f托l唧nt 丽cal materials,栅d mat richhistorical materials,not only mo他81肿tic趾t蚰jo哪al of髑例曲fi'uits,there manyinsights worthy ofreference,great inspimtitor伽墙elV鼯Music svst锄is删ic from belongs thoughtsystem.It ritual”thedi钕ence咖嗍 p撕archal c1觚syst锄is础。蛾肌d mes锄e矗me again啪…le’communion eachother.System countrybegan using tools mto get aceftain political achie嘞eIlts rulingclass.With historythe8ystem 18 no‘a8 t上le nlliIlg class l妇music become effectivemeans alongtime,but c仃ol ancientChinese feudal society.All all,theruling class morder tony out”mle”to make 0ut awhole set combination0f mu81c,the tang d蛐a晰mal musicsystem centralproposition,the influence dyna啊舢1csystem bthe typical Chinese music syStem The prosperity of删Sic tangdynasty Chineseancient music,has atamathing iIlnuence l獭g饥erations.Academicc疵慨gen硎ly bdieve tllat”no poems dyn嬲旷Tlletang dyn淞锣in office too,without yuefu,setting up teaching fang 10ng日po锄shave f.aciliti镐.ZuoHanLin zhaoxuegang too often tangdynasty t锨ple m嘴1cl锄s mr印l破s activityof”poiIl刚out outstandingmusic culture improvenle sy阳n ol也e poe傩tangdynastythe academic circles about tangdynasty p0躺md have严蛆yimpo删删ts,the system tangdynasty music related,some problem has not慨clear c0黜on, since toooften temple(too music department,advocating dep删)'pI鹄tangperiod,institutions product0f缸蜘onal di饪-c嗍tiation, too o胁so h印py too often tangdyr娜t),删塔lc 8yst锄。 III This paper foul"parts;The first part,the textual research ofthe tang dynasty temple music institutions too often。Too often heaven,isasacrifice godsspecial art symbol,right power symbol divineright Kings.The history templetoo often hartbearing SyStem qilldynasty tangdynasties, mainfunction rulingover all musicpalacewhich toomusic department advocacy.The second part,research tangdynasty temple too often staffing.Thetang dynasty temple mainimplementing agencies of恤ed,and too often followbciqi。and sui dynasty nalnechange oftentemple,SiLi temple.Temple music officer alsocalled’’LeQing”too often,the head Dan,includedhJigh position,different department.Too often temple operation mechanism functionallocation more tend moreprofessional.Too often temple under eight department four yuan, has astrict hierarchyfrom music officer haveaclear division ofresponsibilities,to do theirjob. The third part,research tangdynasty temple music music department system too often.So-called happymeans normative,systematicimplements system musicform.Music department system tangtemple music too often importantpart managementsystem.Too often tangdynasty temple branch management all kinds musicform,whether nine,tenenjoyed ci-poetryenjoyed ci-poetrymusic class,from contentOVer reflects musicdivision importantcultural phenomenon tangdynasty. The fourth part,the research system tangdynasty music too often some relatedproblems. Too often temple,and teaching,liyuan tangdynasty palace music institutions.They each have different properties functions.Insome ways connection.Toooften temple onlyagovernment official administrative agencies,also nationalrule,because politicalfactors,too often temple has been givenpriority entertainmentfunction weakerintemple package too often,a variety courtmusic form,composed alltube,laid teachlane,the appearance of畔Teaching fang commoninstitutions。and makes gagaku,vulgarHuLe highly integration,international art tangdynasty.At sametime acontext,theetheric often music system tangmusic gradually too often produces KEY WORDS:the tang dynastytemple,too oi[ten music institutions,areed functions 目录摘要………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..1 ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………………………………………………。III 目录……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………。