drm是什么
DRM (Digital Rights/Restrictions Management) is any technology that attempts to restrict the use and/or ownership of digital content. In its very broadest sense, a DRM solution may be as simple as usingJavaScript to turn off right-click functionality on a web page (an attempt to stop people from saving images). It may be a digital watermark that is visible to the end-user, or hidden. It may be a technology as complex as a full encryption system. DRM is on CDs, DVDs, Blu-Ray, most cable and satellite television, electronic books and games. These industries spend hundreds of millions of dollars on digital restriction management technologies every year.And without exception, DRM fails to work. A few examples:
DRM(数字权利/限制管理)是任何试图限制数字内容使用和/或所有权的技术。 从最广泛的意义上讲,DRM解决方案可能与使用JavaScript关闭网页上的右键单击功能(试图阻止人们保存图像)一样简单。 它可以是最终用户可见或隐藏的数字水印。 它可能是与完整加密系统一样复杂的技术。 DRM包含在CD,DVD,蓝光,大多数有线和卫星电视,电子书和游戏中。 这些行业每年在数字限制管理技术上花费数亿美元。毫无例外,DRM无法正常工作 。 一些例子:

MediumNameYearCrackedMethod
CD AudioKey2Audio20022002Felt-tip marker
DVDCSS19981999Software (DeCSS)
HD-DVDAACS20062007Leaked key
Blu-RayHDCP, AACS, BD+20062007Various
GamesSecuROM20072007Various
中名称年开裂方法
CD音频Key2Audio2002年2002年毡尖笔
DVDCSS1998年1999年软件(DeCSS)
高清DVDAACS2006年2007年钥匙泄漏
蓝光HDCP,AACS,BD +2006年2007年各种
游戏类加密ROM2007年2007年各种

Let’s look at some of the problems DRM creates for the consumer.
让我们看一下DRM为消费者带来的一些问题。
DRM subverts or eliminates fair-use DRM颠覆或消除了合理使用
DRM complicates fair-use copying: for the purpose of personal archiving (making it impossible to back up that copy ofFinding Nemothat your four-year old plays over and over again), education (meaning that an instructor cannot show clips from a movie to a film class), and format shifting (demanding that you re-purchase of the same album when it moves from CD to SACD).
DRM使合理使用的复制变得复杂:出于个人存档的目的(无法备份您四岁的孩子反复播放的《海底总动员》副本),教育(这意味着教员无法放映电影片段)到电影课)和格式转换(要求您从CD到SACD时重新购买同一张专辑)。
DRM needlessly complicates, slows or (in cases of catastrophic failure) eliminates access to media DRM不必要地复杂化,减慢速度,或者(在发生灾难性故障的情况下)消除了对媒体的访问
DRM makes life frustrating for the ordinary, law-abiding citizen unless it is done very, very well. DRM is used so that you cannot skip past trailers or (ironically) FBI copyright infringement warnings before watching your movie. DRM slows games and applications to a crawl as validity is checked and, if the authentication servers are down (or if the service ends, or your subscription runs out), deny you access completely to media you have purchased.
除非做得非常好,否则DRM使普通的守法公民的生活令人沮丧。 使用DRM是为了使您在观看电影之前不能跳过预告片或(具有讽刺意味的)FBI版权警告。 DRM在检查有效性时会降低游戏和应用程序的爬网速度,并且如果身份验证服务器已关闭(或者服务终止或您的订阅用尽),则拒绝您完全访问购买的媒体。
The most important problem: DRM does not stop people from copying media, and it inconveniences consumers who try to play by the rules. 最重要的问题是:DRM并不能阻止人们复制媒体,它给尝试遵守规则的消费者带来了不便。
The relative ease and speed with which DRM schemes are broken – and the fact that it only needs to happen once in order to create millions of copies – means that anyone who wants to copy digital content will do so. The only people inconvenienced are those who actually try to follow the rules, which leads to deep consumer frustration and bitterness.
DRM方案被打破的相对容易和快速-并且它仅需发生一次即可创建数百万个副本的事实-意味着任何想要复制数字内容的人都将这样做。 唯一给他们带来不便的人是那些实际上试图遵守规则的人,这导致了消费者的深深挫败感和痛苦。

有什么解决办法?(What’s the solution?)

DRM is expensive, complex, ineffective, and needlessly aggravating. It also never works. The solution –which we will discuss next – is to use aikido: drop DRM and watermarks, embrace the fact that digital duplication is cost-free, and leverage the power of networking to create success in the marketplace.
DRM昂贵,复杂,无效并且不必要地加剧。 它也永远不会起作用。我们将在下面讨论的解决方案是使用合气道:删除DRM和水印,接受数字复制免费的事实,并利用网络的力量在市场上取得成功。