临床病程往往具异质性和不可预测性
病史和体格检查
咳嗽呼吸困难慢性疲劳关节痛哮鸣音干啰音淋巴结肿大畏光痛性红眼视力模糊结节性红斑冻疮样狼疮结膜结节面神经麻痹
没有铍暴露史胸壁痛咯血体重减轻低热心律失常心脏传导阻滞肝肿大头痛惊厥垂体损害的症状和体征
年龄为 20 至40 岁结节病家族史女性非吸烟者美国黑人:葡萄膜炎斯堪的纳维亚人波多黎各血统:冻疮样狼疮欧洲血统:结节性红斑
胸部 X 线检查 (CXR)全血细胞计数 (FBC血清尿素肌酐肝酶血清钙肺功能检测 (PFT)心电图 (ECG)结核菌素纯化蛋白衍生物 (PPD) 试验
胸部 CT 扫描纤维支气管镜检查以及经支气管肺活组织检查支气管肺泡灌洗 (bronchoalveolar lavage, BAL)皮肤活检24 小时尿钙血清 ACE 水平镓-67 扫描支气管内超声-经支气管针吸活组织检查术
核磁共振成像 (MRI)(18)F-氟脱氧葡萄糖 (FDG) PET 扫描
Associate Professor of Medicine
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care and Sleep Medicine
Director
Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Fellowship Program
University of Tennessee
Memphis
TN
利益声明
MPM declares that he has no competing interests.
Pulmonary and Critical Care
Medical Service
VA Medical Centre
Martinsburg
Assistant Professor of Medicine
West Virginia University
Morgantown
WV
利益声明
AEG declares that he has no competing interests.
Professor
School of Child and Adolescent Health
Red Cro