(1)不定式作宾补时,其动作一般发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后,如:I have told them to come again tomorrow.(2)在 see, watch, hear, feel 等之后,如果用-ing 形式作宾补,表示其动作正在进行中,而用不带 to 的不定式作宾补时,不定式所表示的动作是一个动作的过程, 如:I hear her singing in the room.我听见她正在屋里唱歌。 I hear her sing in the room.我听见她在屋里唱过歌。 Do you hear someone knocking at the door? (Someone is knocking at the door.) 有人在敲门你听见了吗? Do you hear someone knock at the door? (Someone knocked at the door just now.) 你听见有人敲门了吗? 4. -ing 形式与动词不定式在句中作定语的区别: -ing 形式作定语用时,其动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动词同时发生,而动词不定式作定语时,其动作一般发生在句中谓语动词所表示的动作之后。如:The girl writing a letter there can speak English very well./I have three letters to write. 5 .-ing 形式与动词不定式在句中作状语的区别: -ing 形式在句作状语表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况,而动词不定式一般式在句中作状语时,一般是作目的、结果或主语产生某种情感态度的原因状语,如:Not receiving his letter, I wrote to him again./ I looked into the window to see what was going on inside. 即时训练 1. The officers narrowly escaped ___________ in the hot battle. A. have killed B. to kill C. to be killed D. being killed 2. ___________ the letter, he went out to post it. A. Writing B. Being writing C. Having written D. Written 3. Don't you remember ___________ ? A. seeing the man before B. to see the man beforeC. saw the man before D. to have seen the man before 4. People couldn't help ___________ the foolish emperor in the procession. A. laugh at B. to laugh at C. laughing at D. laughing on 5. We’re looking forward ___________ the photo exhibition. A. to visiting B. to visit C. to having visited D. visiting 6. The girl ___________ under that tree is my sister. A. sitting B. sits C. is sitting D. sat 7. This sentence needs __________ . A. a improvement B. improve C. improving D. improved 8. __________ anything about the accident, he went to work as usual.. A. Not known B. Known not C. Knowing not D. Not knowing 9. The next morning she found the man ___________ in bed, dead. A. lying B. lie C. lay D. laying 10. There was terrible noise ___________the sudden burst of light. A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed 11. The secretary worked late into the night, ___________ a long speech for the president. A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing 12. “Can't you read?” Mary said ___________ to the notice. A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C. angrily pointed D. and angrily pointing 13. How about two of us ___________ a walk down the garden? A. to take B. take C. taking D. to be taking 14. ---I must apologize for ___________ ahead of time. ---That’s all right. A. letting you not know B. not letting you knowC. letting you know not D. letting not you know 15. ---You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting. ---Well, now I regret ___________ that. A. to do B. to be doing C. to have done D. having done 16. Would you ___________me your identification card, sir? A. mind to show B. mind showing C. trouble to show D. trouble showing 17. He suggested ___________ on Saturday. A. to have a meeting B. having a meeting C. a meeting to have D. that having a meeting 18. It is no good ___________ to come now. He is busy. A. if you ask him B. to ask him C. asking him D. that you ask him 19. Although punctual himself, the professor was quite used ___________ late for his lecture. A. to have students B. for students to beC. for students’ being D. to students’ being 20. He dressed himself quickly and ___________ his schoolbag, went to school. A. carried B. to carry C. carrying D. carries 21. ___________for several weeks, the city needed food. A. As having flooded B. being flooded C. Having been flooded D. To flood 22. ___________ ill worried my parents greatly. A. I fell B. Me falling C. My falling D. I falling 23. She is writing a letter to a friend of hers, _________ him to attend the meeting. A. having invited B. inviting C. to invite D. invited 24. Our town has dozens of factories, _________ several saw mills. A. included B. are including C. are included D. including 25. _________ the classroom, the students went to the playground to watch the football match. A. To clean B. Having cleaned C. Cleaned D. Cleaning 成果测评 1.Peter received a letter just now ________ his grandma would come to see him soon.A.said B says C.saying D. to say 2. —Come on,please give me some ideas about the project. —Sorry.With so much work ________ my mind,I almost break down. A.filled B filling C.to fill D being filled 3. —Do you think that housing price will keep ________ in the years to come? —Sorry,I have no idea.A. lifting up B.going up C.bringing up D.growing up 4.As the light turned green,I stood for a moment,not ________, and asked myself what I was going to do.A.moved B moving C.to move D.being moved 5. We often provide our children with toys,footballs or basketballs,________ that all children like these things.A.thinking B.think C.to think D.thought 6.The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket ________ the desert.A.covering B.covered C.cover D.to cover 7.If you think that treating a woman well means always ________ her permission for things,think again.A.gets B.got C.to get D.getting 8.After he became conscious,he remembered ________ and ________ on the head with a rod.A.to attack;hit B.to be attacked;to be hit C.attacking;be hitD.having been attacked;hit 9.Don’t sit there ________ nothing.Come and help me with this table.A.do B.to do C.doing D. and doing 10.My cousin came to see me from the country,________ me a full basket of fresh fruits.A.brought B.bringing C.to bring D.had brought 11.Whenever he was asked why he was late for class,he would answer carelessly,always ________ the same thing.A.saying B.said C.to say D.having said 12.—There is a story here in the paper about a 110-year-old man —My goodness! I can’t imagine ________ that old.A.to be B.to have been C.being D.having been 13.It is difficult to imagine his ________ the decision without any consideration.A.accept B.accepting C.to accept D.accepted 14.I was told that there were about 50 foreign students ________ Chinese in the school,most were from Germany.A.study;of whom B.study;of themC.studying;of themD.studying;of whom 15.When ________ different cultures,we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.A.compared B.being comparedC.comparingD.having compared 限时训练 1—5 D C A C D 6---10 A C D A B 11---15 B A C B D 16---20 B B C D C 21---25 C C B D B 成果测评 1-5 C B B B A 6-10 A D D C B 11-15 A C B D C