一、how often 引导的特殊疑问句 1. how often 意为"多久(一次)",它引导的特殊疑问句用来询问某动作发生的频率。how often 通常是对一 些表示频率的副词提问,如:always,usually,often,sometimes,never 等,也可以对表示"多久几次" 之类的频率短语提问,如 once a week,twice a year,three times a day 等。 ? —How often do you go back home? 你多久回家一次? —Once a week/Often/Sometimes. 一周一次/经常/有时。 2. 特别提示:若仅对像 once,twice,three times 这样只表示次数的词语提问,要用 how many times"多少 次",不用 how often。 ? —How many times have you been to Beijing? 你去过北京多少次? —Only once. 仅仅一次。 3. 注意 how often 与其他短语的区别 (1)how long 主要用来提问动作延续了多长时间,答语通常含有"for + 一段时间"、"since + 时间点" 或 since 引导的时间状语从句。问句和答语中的谓语动词通常为延续性动词。how long 也可以用来询问 长度。 ? —How long can I keep this book? 这本书我能借多长时间? —For two weeks. 两周。 ? —How long is the bridge? 这座桥有多长? —About 1,000 meters. 大约 1,000 米。 (2)how soon 用来询问"过多久"动作才发生,谓语动词常为终止性动词,时态多为将来时,答语通常 为"in +一段时间"。 ? —How soon will you get here? 你还有多久能到这里? —In five minutes. 五分钟以后。 (3)how far 用来询问两地之间的距离"有多远"。 ? —How far is it from your home to your factory? 你家离你的工厂有多远? —About twenty minutes’ walk. 步行大约 20 分钟。 —______________ does your father go to the fitness center? —He exercises there twice a week. A. How soon B. How often C. How long (4)how about 意为"……怎么样?",与 what about 同义,用以询问对方的意见。 I like fruit. How about you? 我喜欢水果。你呢? ? —Li Lin, _____________ playing football this Sunday? —That sounds like a good idea. A. why not B. how about C. what D. where (5)how many 意为"多少(个)",用以询问可数名词的数量多少。 How many students are there in your class? 你们班有多少学生? (6)how much 意为"多少",用以询问"不可数名词的多少"。how much 还表示"多少钱",用以询问" 某物的价格"。 How much do you know about the city? 你了解这个城市多少? (7)how old 意为"多大岁数,几岁",用以询问"某人的年龄"。 How old is he? 他几岁? 二、"比较法"学习频率副词 always (100%) (1)always 表示动作重复,状态连续,中间从来没有间断,表示频率最大,意思 是"总是,一直,永远"。其反义词为 never。 (2)always 与 not 连用,表示部分否定,意思是"不总是"。 ? The rich are not always happy. 有钱人未必总幸福。 ? I do not always believe what he says. 我并没始终相信他所说的话。 usually 的频率仅次于 always,意为"通常",表示通常如此,很少例外。 usually (80%左右) usually 一般情况下位于句中: ? He usually goes to bed at ten o’clock. 他通常在 10 点睡觉。 ? What do you usually do on Sundays? 你通常星期天干什么? often (50%左右) often"经常,常常",强调经常性,表示动作重复,中间有间断,它比 always, usually 语气弱。 ? They often go for a walk after supper. 晚饭后,他们常常去散步。 ? She is often late for work. 她上班常迟到。 sometimes (30%左右) (1)sometimes 表示"有时,不时,间或",同义词组为 at times,表示动作偶尔 发生,中间间隔较大,频率比 often 小。 (2)sometimes 有时为了对比或强调,也可位于句首或句末,但不引起倒装。 ? Sometimes he slept at home, sometimes he slept in the office. 他有时在家睡觉,有 时在办公室睡觉。 hardly ever (1)hardly ever"几乎从不,很少",所表示的频率已经很少了,相当于 seldom。 (1%-10%左 ? He hardly ever goes to bed before midnight. 他很少在半夜前就寝。 右) (2)hardly ever 是具有否定意义的副词,不与 not 连用。 never(0%) (1)never 表示"从来不,未曾,永不",频率为零,表示动作或状态从没发生。 (2)通常情况下,句子中用了 never,就不再用含有否定意义的 not,no,nothing 等词。 (3)never 位于句首时要用倒装语序。 ? Never have I met such a strange person. 我从来没有碰见过这么怪的人。 —Do you like going mountain climbing? —Yes, I ______________ do it on weekends with my friends. A. seldom B. often C. never D. hardly ever I. 单项选择 1. (2016\ufe52福建福州卷)—____________ is the nearest hospital from here? —Er, it’s about ten minutes’ walk. A. How long B. How far C. How often 2.(2016\ufe52贵州黔西南卷)—____________ will you come back? —I will come back in eighteen days. A. How often B. How long C. How soon D. How much 3. (2016\ufe52湖南长沙卷)—____________ will you fly to Beijing? —In two days. A. How long B. How often C. How soon 4.(2016\ufe52江苏连云港卷)—____________ will the 6th Chinese Film Festival in France last? —From May 24th to July 19th. A. How often B. How soon C. How long D. How many 5.(2016\ufe52湖北荆州卷)—I ____________ eat vegetables. —But they are good for your health! We should eat them every day. A. often B. usually C. always D. seldom 6.(2015\ufe52广东佛山卷)Meals are very boring. He ____________ has the same thing to eat every day. A. never B. usually C. sometimes 7.(2015\ufe52广西崇左卷)—Have you ever been to Guilin? —No, ____________. I hope I can go there next year. A. always B. sometimes C. never D. often 8.(2015\ufe52大连卷)There is lots of interesting work to do here, so I ____________ feel bored. A. always B. often C. usually D. never 9.(2015·绥化卷)—How often does Mike go to the net bar? —____________. He is so busy with his study. A. Almost every day B. Always C. Hardly ever 10.(2015·泰安)—____________ do I need to feed the pet dog? —Twice a day. A. How long B. How much C. How soon D. How often 11. (2015·绥化) —How often does Mike go to the net bar? —____________. He is so busy with his study. A. Almost every day B. Always C. Hardly ever 12. —____________ do you play football? —Never. I don’t like that. A. How far B. How many C. How often D. How long 13. —How many hours do you exercise every day? —____________. A. Twice a day B. Second C. Two D. Two times II. 根据要求完成下列各题 1. I visited my friends in Beijing twice a month last year.(对画线部分提问) __________________ __________________ did you visit your friends in Beijing last year? 2. I go to school five days a week.(对画线部分提问) __________________ __________________ __________________ do you go to school a week? 3. She watches TV every day.(对画线部分提问) __________________ __________________ __________________ she watch TV? 4. I often go shopping.(对画线部分提问) __________________ __________________ do you go shopping? 5. She sleeps seven hours every day.(对画线部分提问) __________________ __________________ __________________ does she __________________ every day? 6. His shoes are fifty yuan.(对画线部分提问) __________________ __________________ are his shoes?