导语 :[hasever怎么用]英语代词怎么用 关系代词who,whom,whose,that,which的用法(1)关系代词who,whom,whose,that,which的用法英语中的关系代词有who,whom,whose,that,which,它们是用来引导定语从

[hasever怎么用]英语代词怎么用

关系代词who,whom,whose,that,which的用法(1)关系代词who,whom,whose,that,which的用法英语中的关系代词有who,whom,whose,that,which,它们是用来引导定语从句的。关系代词既代表定语从句所修饰的词,又在其所引导的从句中承担一个成分,
如主语、宾语、表语或定语。如:This-is-the-man-who-saved-your-son.这就是救了你儿子的那个人。(who在从句中作主语,先行词是man)The-man-whom-I
met-yesterday-is-Jim.我昨天见到的那个人是吉姆。(whom在从句中作宾语,它的先行词是man)A-child-whose-parents-are-dead-is-an-orphan.失去父母的孩子是孤儿。(whose在从句中作定语,它的先行词是child)He-wants-a-room-whose-window-looks-out-over-the-sea.他想要个窗户面临大海的房间。(whose在从句中作定语,它的先行词是room)[1]
who,whom和whosewho和whom代表人,在从句中作主语时用who,作宾语时用whom,可省略。但若whom作介词宾语且介词放在其前时,不能省略;如介词位于句末时,可以省略。whose代表某人的,在从句中作定语。如:The-man-who-insists-upon-seeing-with-perfect-clearness-before-he-decides,
never-decides.坚持看清楚一切后才做决定的人永远也做不了决定。(who作主语)He-is-a-man-whom-everybody-respects.他是一个人人都尊敬的人。(whom作宾语,可以省略)He-is-a-man-fromwhom-we-all-should-learn.他是我们大家都应该学习的人。
(whom作介词宾语且介词位于其前,不能省略)(此句也可以是:He-is-a-man(whom)we-should-all-learn-from.)The-people-whose-houses-were-damaged-will-be-compensated.房子被损坏了的人将给予补偿。
Who,whom和whose可用于非限制性定语从句中,代表某人或某人的,此时不能用that。如:My-sister,
who-is-a-nurse,came-home-for-afew-days.我姐姐回家住了几天,她是个护士。
[2]whichwhich代表物,在从句中可作主语或宾语,作宾语时可以省略,但作介词宾语且介词位于其前时不能省略。如:The-book-which-helps-you-most-are-those-which-make-you-think-most.最能使你获益的书是那些最能让你深思的书。(作主语)This-is-a-factor-which-we-must-not-neglect.这是一个我们绝不能忽略的因素。(作宾语,可省略)Where-is-the-book-from-which-you-quoted-this-sentence?你引用这句话的那本书在哪儿?(作介词宾语且介词位于其前时,不能省略)which可用于非限制性定语从句中,代表物。如:The-book,
which-I-bought-second-hand,is-made-of-oak.我买的这张书桌是用橡木做的,它是二手货。
[3]thatthat可以代表事也可代表人,在从句中可以作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略,但不能用于非限制性定语从句中。代表人时who比that用的多些,代表物时that比which用的多些。如:
The-letter-that-came-this-morning-is-from-my-mother.今天早晨收到的那封信是我母亲寄来的。(that代表物,在从句中作主语)Those-students-that-failed-the-exam-will-have-to-take-it-again.考试不及格的学生必须补考。(that代表人,在从句中作主语)Have-you-forgotten-about-the-money
(that)I-lent-you-last-week?你忘了上星期我借给你钱的事了吗?(that代表物,在从句中作宾语,可省略)All-the-people
(that)I-invited-have-agreed-to-come.所有我邀请了的人都同意来。(that代表人,在从句中作宾语,可省略)The-hotel
(that)we-stayed-at-was-both-cheap-and-comfortable.我们住的那家旅馆既便宜又舒服。(that代表物,在从句中作介词宾语,可省略)(2)
补充说明下列情况下,定语从句的关系代词只能用that,不能用which或who[1]当先行词中有形容词的最高级时。如:Shakespeare-is-the-greatest-poet-that-English-has-ever-had.莎士比亚是英国所拥有的最伟大的诗人。
Is-this-the-best-that-you-can-do?你最多只能做到这样吗?[2]当先行词为代词all,
anything,everything,little,much,nobody,nothing时。如:Anyone-that-wants-to-succeed-must-work-hard.
任何想要获得成功的人必须努力工作。[3]