姚丹燕1
, 刘云刚2
1. 中山大学 地理科学与规划学院, 广东省城市化与地理环境空间模拟重点实验室, 广州 510275;
2. 华南师范大学 地理科学学院, 广州 510631
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(41571130,41271165)
作者简介:姚丹燕(1994-), 女, 安徽六安人, 硕士研究生, 主要研究方向为政治地理学。E-mail:yaody6@mail2.sysu.edu.cn.
通讯作者:刘云刚(1973-), 男, 内蒙古呼和浩特人, 博士, 教授, 主要研究方向为城市地理学、政治地理学、生活空间论。E-mail:ygliujp@163.com.
提要:飞地是一个经典的地理学概念,也是一个重要的空间分析视角。目前国内关于飞地的研究日益增多,但对其内涵的梳理仍显不足,多种定义并存,并出现概念泛化的现象。在此背景下,本文对已有的飞地概念及其内涵进行了梳理,指出从域外领土、经济飞地到飞地社区的内涵演变历程,并根据飞地的宗主地—东道地关系,将其划分为行政飞地、经济飞地、飞地社区和飞地国家4种类型。本文研究指出,飞地概念的核心是其宗主地—东道地—飞地的三方构图,依托这一视角可以对当前的异域领土、经济飞地、乃至城市内部的族裔聚居区进行多尺度的空间分析,从飞地的不同功能出发,可以对其展开多维度的地理学透视,为进一步的实证研究和相关政策实施提供参考。
关键词:飞地宗主地东道地飞地经济尺度
FROM OVERSEAS TERRITORY TO ENCLAVE COMMUNITY: RESEARCH ON TRANSMUTATION OF ENCLAVE IN HUMAN GEOGRAPHY
YAO Dan-yan1
, LIU Yun-gang2
1. School of Geography and Planning, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urbanization and Geo-simulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China;
2. School of Geography, Southern China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
Abstract: As a key concept in geography, enclave is a product of spatial isolation and differentiation of politics, economy, and culture. While discussions on enclaves have been prevailing among western geographers and tend to be deepened and diversified, there is no consensus on the concept and classification of enclaves in China. Also, most of the existing literature is empirical research, only little consideration has been given to how enclaves evolve under diverse conditions on different scales. Combining with the traditional literature review and Citespace tools, this paper tries to put forward the development context and research hotspots of enclave research from the angle of concept evolution. The authors proclaim that the connotation of enclave in human geography has proceeded form overseas territory to economic enclave and enclave community, which can identify two branches. First, enclave has developed from a term in political and diplomatic fields to an approach in social, economic and cultural fields. Second, the understanding of enclave has transferred from state-centric to multi-scalar perspectives. According to their relations with home/host lands, enclaves can be divided into four categories:political enclaves, economic enclaves, enclave communities, and enclave states. The authors reckon the concept of enclave can not only generalize all kinds of geospatial heterogeneity phenomena but also become an analytical tool for interpreting geographical isolation and space-power connection. Finally, this paper gives an outlook of enclave study in the current socio-economic context and hopes that it can be useful to the later theoretical and empirical research.
Key words: enclavehome landhost landenclave economyscale
1 引言