许多学习英语的小伙伴常常这样说:我的目标很简单,只要能跟人用英语进行简单的日常交流就心满意足了。当然,这里提到的“日常交流”一定不局限于我们从小就烂熟于心的那些经典对白,如:
--How are you?
--I’m fine,thank you.And you?
--Nice to meet you!
--Nice to meet you too!
毕竟,完成这些必不可少的招呼与寒暄后,真正有意义的交流也许才刚刚开始。交流中,你或许想针对某一主题进行深入探讨,挖掘细节;也许需要对某一信息进行反复修正或确认;或者需要就某一问题询问对方的意见......此外,在准确表达自己意思的同时,我们还应该留意自己言辞是否婉转有礼。要完成这些谈话的目标,就必须知道怎样用英语提问。
用英语提问的方式多种多样,每种方法略有不同,下面列出了几类主要的方法及其基本句式(括号内为可省略成分),供大家参考和学习:
一、直接疑问句:(Direct Questions)
(疑问词Question Word) +助动词Auxiliary +主语Subject +动词Verb Form +(宾语objects) +疑问号?
直接疑问句是提问时最常用的句式,在询问简单信息和复杂信息时均可使用。
Eg:
When do you get to work?
Do you like fish?
How long have you been working on this project?
Where are those ties manufactured?
二、是否问题:(Yes / NoQuestions)
助动词Auxiliary +主语Subject +动词Verb Form + (宾语objects) + ?
是否问题常用来询问简单信息,针对性较强,提问人往往只需要得到对方肯定或否定的答复即可。
Eg:
Does he live in New York?
Have you seen that film?
Is she going to come to the party?
三、如何就主语或宾语提问:(Subject or Object Questions)
例如:Jason likes playing golf.如果我们想就这句话中的某种信息进行询问或确认,就可以使用下列句式:
问主语——Wh? + (auxiliary) + verb + object?
Who likes playing golf? - ANSWER Jason
问宾语——Wh? + auxiliary + subject + verb?
What does Jason like playing? - ANSWER golf
注意:问主语时,只有句子为一般现在时态或一般过去时态时,基本结构中的助动词才可省略。如下面两句中,将来时态的句子需要使用Be动词is充当助动词,而现在时态的句子则无助动词。
Eg:
Who enjoys playing tennis?
Who is coming to the party next week?
就主语提问的常见形式还有:
Which
Which bicycle goes fast?
What kind of
What kind of cheese tastes mild?
What sort of
What sort of tea costs very little?
Who
Who goes to school here?
四、反意疑问句(QuestionTags):
反问句借助疑问号和疑问语气提问,这种方法常用来确认某些你已经了解到信息或你认为你已掌握的信息,也可以用于检验你是否已经完全理解了对方表达的意思。
构造反问句的方法是:在一般陈述性的语句后写上逗号,再构造与前文相反的陈述(前文为肯定陈述,后文则需否定;前文为否定,后文则需肯定),最后加上疑问号表达疑问含义(口语中还需使用疑问语气)。
Examples:
You're married, aren't you?
He's been here before, hasn't he?
You didn't buy the new car, did you?
五、间接疑问句:
当我们需要使表达更加婉转礼貌,或让语言显得更为正式时可以使用间接疑问句。
Introductory phrase + question word/if +肯定句(一般陈述句)
positive sentence
间接疑问句常由直接疑问句改造而来:例如,当疑问句是一个是否疑问句时,我们可以用疑问词或if连接前后两个部分。
Examples:
I was wondering if you know the way to the nearest bank.
Do you know when the next train leaves?
常见句式主要有:
Do you know...
I wonder / was wondering ....
Can you tell me...
I'm not sure...
I don't know...
Do you know when the next train leaves?
I wonder when he will arrive.
Can you tell me where he lives?
I'm not sure what he wants to do.
I don't know if he is coming.
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英语注重练习与积累,觉着文章不错,建议多看几遍好好消化一下。
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里面有一些词汇搭配、生活口语以及语音词汇语法课,内容都相当不错。
对英语感兴趣的童鞋,或者近期想找外教学英语的童鞋,可以听一下。
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各位,继续努力,好好学习,天天向上!
EC