spend,cost,take和pay的区别是它们都可以表示“花费”,但用法却不尽相同。spend的必须是人, 常用于以下结构:(1) spend time /money on sth. 在……上花费时间(金钱)。例:I spent two hours on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。(2) spend time / money (in) doing sth. 花费时间(金钱)做某事。例:They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间。(3)spend money for sth. 花钱买……。例:His money was spent for books. 他的钱用来买书了。
cost的主语或某种活动, 还可以表示“值”, 常见用法如下:(1)sth. costs (sb.) +金钱某物花了(某人)多少钱。例:A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台要花一大笔钱。(2) (doing) sth. costs (sb.) +时间某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少时间。例:Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量时间才记住了这些。
注意:cost的过去式及都是cost并且不能用于被动句。
take常跟双宾语, 常见用法有以下几种:(1) It takes sb. +时间+to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。例:It took them three years to build this road. 他们用了三年时间修完了。(2)doing sth. takes sb. +时间做某事花了某人多少时间。例:Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午修车。
pay的基本用法是:(1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱(给某人)买……。例:I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付20英磅的。(2)pay for sth. 付……的钱。例:I have t