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until后接过去分词
请看这道题,这个until后要接过去分词吗?
He is a man of few words, and seldom speaks until_________ to.
A. spokenB. speakingC. speakD. be spoken
【分析】此题容易误B,认为until是介词,后接动词时用动名词形式。其实,此题应选A,until spoken to为until he is spoken to之省略。句意为“他是个沉默寡言的人,别人不同他说话,他很少同别人说话”。按英语习惯,一些表示时间、地点、条件、方式、让步等的状语从句,若其主语与主句主语一致,且从句谓语包含动词be,那么可将从句的主语和动词be省略:
You must study hard while (you are) young, or you will regret when (you are) old.趁年轻时要努力学习,不然到老了你会后悔的。
I won't go unless (I am) invited.我不会去,除非请我。
Look out for cars when (you are) crossing the streets.过马路时要注意汽车。
While (I was) waiting I was reading some old magazines.等的时候我在看一些旧杂志。
He worked very hard though (he was) still rather poor in health.尽管身体还不好,但他仍努力工作。
He will work hard wherever (he is) sent by the Party.无论党把他派往哪里,他都会努力工作。
请再看两道试题:
(1)If carefully_________, the experiment will be successful.
A.doB.doesC.doneD.doing
答案选C,可视为if it is carefully done之省略。
(2)The research is so designed that once_________ nothing can be done to change it.
A.beginsB.having begunC.beginningD.begun
答案选D,可视为once it is begun之省略。
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