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Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a condition that causes pain, numbness and tingling in the fingers and hands. It is caused by compression of the median nerve in the wrist.The median nerve sends nerve fibres to the palm side of the thumb, the index and middle fingers, as well as half of the ring finger.CTS occurs because the median nerve is compressed in a narrow area at the base of the hand called the carpal tunnel. The carpal tunnel lies between the bones of the wrist (situated towards the back of the hand) and the transverse carpal ligament (which lies towards the palm).As well as the median nerve, many of thetendons that help move the fingers also run through the carpal tunnel. Any swelling in this area can lead to compression of the median nerve, which can interfere with the normal transmission of signals along the nerve.
The carpal tunnel is formed by the transverse carpal ligament and bones of the wrist.
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