As a matter of fact, its industrial manufacturing potential was tapped to the full during the war with an efficiency unkown before. Afte the war, the idea that efficiency in operation wa the key to profits and success continued within industrial management. Small factories would occasionlally haire a consultatnt on a temporary basis in the convition that an industrial engineer or an efficiency exper could make them operate more efficiently. Structure: Sam gives a report on his findings and his suggestions with a problem-solution path to improve the production. Mr. Hobbs thanks Sam and gives him some rewards. 3 大学英语精读(第三版)第一册讲稿 Problems 1. shirt are often missing buttons, collars or even sleeves. 2. Woking tables are high and unconfortable. 3. The walls of the workroom are a dull gray color; there are no breaks in the day; there is no music; the workers easily get bored. Solutions/Suggestions 1. Mr. Hobs himself should check the boxes of shirts before shipment./ quality control 2 working tables should be redesigned. 3. A. provide background music. B. beautify the dull setting C. have a 15-minute break 4. The work flow is irregular; some 4. A. Those who do not work hard should be fired. young workers do not work hard B. assembly line redesigned. enough; some even daydream C. pay increase while working. D. promotion Part Division of the Text Part Line Main Idea 1 1-12 When a boy, Sam was the “efficient expert” for the family. 2 13-20 When a graduate, Sam was asked to work as a “consultant” in a shirt factory. 3 21-38 Sam was greatly surprised by the degree of disorder. 4 39-56 Sam put forward some suggestions for the improvement of production and was rewarded by the boss. Part IV. Learning points: 1). Find out the active expressions: 1. find out lean or discover 2. turn out happen to be or be found tobe in the end 3. result in have as a result; cause 4. come in have or find a place; have a part to play 5. look around walk round a place and examine it; examine the state of affairs 6. keep up with go or move as fast as Translate the following into English: 1.首先,流水线需要依靠团队的力量,一分神就会耽误其他人的效率(first of all; absent-minded) 。 2. 一个具有良好管理才能的人才会让她生活中的一切都井井有条(in place) 。 3. 这个项目是有利可图的,因为短期贷款将会带来长远利益。 4. 这份工作工资太低,此外,晋升前景也不大。 5. 科技进步将人们从繁重的劳动中解救出来。 (Answers:) 1. First of all, the assembly line depends on teamwork; one absent-minded worker will affect other ’s efficiency. 2. A person with a good organizitional ability can put everything in his life in place. 3. This project is profitable because the short-term loan will bring long-term benefit. 4 大学英语精读(第三版)第一册讲稿 4. The salary for this job is too low, and furthermore, its promotinal prospects are slim. 5. The progress in science and technology has relieved people of heavy labor. 2). Word Using New Words: 1. efficiency: n. the quality of doing sth. Well with n o waste of time or money --she booked the plane tickets for us with great efficiency. --I was impressed by the efficiency with which she handled the crisis. 2. quality: n. 1) degree of goodness --to be of good/poor/ top quality. Eg. 有些顾客投诉饭店的服务质量很差 --some customers complain of the poor quality of the service in the hotel. 2) a part of person’s character, esp. sth. good --Most of us willappreciate such personal qulities as honest and generosity. (我们大都欣赏诚实、宽容等个人品质。) 3. consult: v. ① ~sb. About sth.: advise 咨询,请教 ②~(with)sb. About/on sth.请教,向(专业人员)咨询 ③ to look at sth. for information 查阅 --Have you consulted your lawyer about this? -- You shouldn’t have done it without consulting me. -- he will consult the dictionary whenever he comes across a new word. 4. neat: adj. ①clean and tidy, orderly --Zola always keeps her kitchen neat and tidy. --The old man was neat about his dress though he was not rich. ② economical with time and effort; skilful; efficient --In the end we found a very neat solution to the problem. c.f. neat, tidy, & orderly 这些形容词均含“整齐的,整洁的”之意。 neat 指人或物外表既清洁又整齐。例如: --His clothes were always neat and clean. tidy 强调整齐,井然有序。例如: --Andrew’s apartment is always so tidy. orderly 语义比上述几个词强,最常用。指把复杂细微的东西按其内在联 系安排整齐,强调井井有条。例如: --She needs to organize her ideas in a more orderly way. 5. inspect: v. ① to look closely at sth./sb. esp. to check that everything is satisfactory --the policeman stopped his car and demaned to inspect his driver’s license. ② to visit offically 视察 -The troops are ready for the visiting President to inspect. Cf.: inspect, examine & investigate 这些动词都有“调查、检查”之意。 inspect 侧重按一定质量标准检查某物,找出不足或不同之处。 examine 最普通用词,可指粗略地查看,也可指仔细观察或调查以确定事 物的性质、功能、特点等。 investigate 指为发现事实真相或了解掌握情况而进行深入细致的现场考察。 Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where necessary. 1. The study insvestigates the impact of violent TV programming on children. 5 大学英语精读(第三版)第一册讲稿 2. I got out of the car to inspect the damage. 3. The research examined the effects of alcohol on long-term memory. 4. She held the bank note up to the light and inspected it carefully. 6. foundation: n. basis --The earthquake shook the foundations of the house. 工人们正在给房子打地基。 --The workers are building the foundation of a house. --Thomas Jefferson laid the foundation of the U. S. A. Collocation: be without foundation (or have no foundation) 毫无根据 lay the foundations of 为…奠定基础 shake/rock the foundations of sth. 动摇…的基础 (or shake/rock sth. to its foundations) CF: foundation, basis, base, & ground 这些名词均含有“基础”之意。 foundation 用于具体意义时,指坚固结实的建筑物的基础或地基;用作 比喻意义时,与 basis 基本相同。 base 指构成或支撑某一具体物体的基础,也可指军事基地或用作比喻意义。 basis 主要用作抽象或引申意义。 ground 含义与 basis 和 foundation 接近。一般指某种决定、论点或关系的基 础,也可指某种原因的基础。 Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where necessary. 1. The basis of his opinion is something he read in the paper. 2. The earthquake shook the foundation of the house. 3. Then I went to work at the Alameda naval air base , as a machinist's helper. 4. The ground for his decision were never clearly stated 7. relieve: v. make less or easier -- The injection can relieve the pain. -- We were relieved to hear the news. -- The doctor’s explanation relieved me of my fears. 8. boring: adj. dull, uninteresting --The lecture was so boring that I could barely stay awake. -- The lesson was boring and the students were bored by it.. 9. dull: adj.