日子 > Sunday[i] 星期天 holy 神圣 + day[ei]日子 > holiday[i] 假日 8-02 break 中断 + fast[α:]斋戒 > breakfast[ ] 早餐 cup 茶杯 + board 木板[ :] > cupboard[ ] 碗柜 main 主要部分 + land 陆地[? ] > mainland[ ] 大陆 复合词的读音遵循 8-01 规则还是遵循 8-02 规则,有时要取决于说话人的对该词的理解。 例如 birthday 一词,有的人会读成 [`b :θdei] ,而有的人读 [`b :θdi] 。 练习 12-01 按照 8-01 规则读出下列单词。 答案 marketplace → market-place campfire → camp-fire supermarket → super-market timetable → time-table newspaper → news-paper football → foot-ball sunglasses → sun-glasses grandfather → grand-father farmhouse → farm-house railway → rail-way classmate → class-mate housework → house-work basketball → basket-ball doorbell → door-bell watermelon → water-melon lifestyle → life-style schoolboy → school-boy playground → play-ground 练习 12-02 按照 8-02 规则读出下列单词。 答案 policeman → police-man walkman → walk-man pressman → press-man classroom → class-room woodman → wood-man mainland → main-land cupboard → cup-board birthday → birth-day necklace → neck-lace 辅字组 读音 例词 [b] bike bus bag b [/] bomb tomb lamb climb c c 在e前或在 i/y 前[k] cake picture coat music [s] face decide cinema 11 编号 9-01 9-02 9-03 9-04 ch -ck d -dge drf g g 在ei/y 前gh gu- -gue h j k knl m -mn n n 在[k] [g]音前 -ng p ph q qur s 在音节开头或清辅音前 在元音字母间或浊辅音前 sc- [ ] much chick rich teacher [k] school headache chemistry [ ] machine Chicago [k] cock pocket black knock [d] doctor bread hand day [ ] bridge fridge [dr] children driver drink [f] five four breakfast [ ] bag gardon go [ ] orange large German [f] cough enough rough [/] light daughter high eight [ ] guess league dialogue guitar [ w] language anguish penguin [h] hot head house hand [/] hour honest honor [ ] jeep jar joke join July [k] kind bike skate make week [n] knife know knock [l] life milk school tall [m] monkey come tomato [m] autumn column solemn [n] not shine ten note [?] uncle thank hungry [?] morning young wrong [p] paper plane pig ship pen [f] elephant photo telephone [k] Iraq [kw] quality quite quarter [r] red rubber ruler [s] sit sleep desk [z] music husband [sk] scarlet scout Scotland [s] muscle science 12 9-05 9-06 9-07 9-08 9-09 9-10 9-11 9-12 9-13 9-14 9-15 9-16 9-17 9-18 9-19 9-20 9-21 9-22 9-23 9-24 9-25 9-26 9-27 9-28 9-29 9-30 9-31 9-32 9-33 9-34 9-35 9-36 9-37 9-38 sh t 在通常情况下 在弱读字母 ia ie io 前[]she fish shirt wash [t] ten letter meet [ ] patient nation 9-39 9-40 9-41 tch th 在通常情况下 在冠词 代词 介词 连词中 在词尾-the -ther 中[]watch catch match [θ] thin thirty method [?] the these with than [?] clothe father weather 9-42 9-43 9-44 9-45 tr- [tr] tree train country truck 9-46 v [v] very voice love leave 9-47 [w] week win wake sweet wait 9-48 w [/] answer two 9-49 whwh-在字母 o 前[w] what when white why [h] who whose whole 9-50 9-51 x 在重读元音前 [ks] box text exercise [gz] example exist exact 9-52 9-53 wr- [r] write wrong wrist 9-54 y- [j] yes yard yellow young 9-55 z [z] puzzle zero zoo 9-56 注: gu- -gue dr- -dge –ck -mn kn- -ng - q qu- -que -tch tr- wh- wr- y- 字组前面带横线表示 这个字组经常出现在音节的未尾,字组后面带横线表示这个字组经常出现在音节的开头。 s 的发音较为复杂, 9-35 、 9-36 规则概括了辅音字母 s 的发音规律,例外的情况也有。 练习 13-01 请根据 9-35 规则朗读下列单词:(s 在音节的开头或清辅音前发[s]音) 答案 student history dis`turb dino`saur nostril person desk `restaurant mis`take a`sleep my`self re`spect 练习 13-02 请根据 9-36 规则朗读下列单词:(s 在元音字母间或浊辅音前发[z]音) 答案 physics `easy `music reso`lution pleasant noise husband realism cheese re`fuse kinsman s 后面有元音字母 u/ia/io 时读 [ ] 或[]音。 jersey usually [`ju: li] pleasure [`ple ] decision [di`si n ] 13 sugar [` ug ] Russia [`r ] oppression [ `pre n ] s 在词尾的读音和名词变复数、动词变第三人称单数规则一样(遇清则清,遇浊则浊)。 判断单词读音的基本方法 1 、数一数元字组的数目。有几个元字组就有几个音节(以-le –al –m –n 等字母结尾的词 可能含有成音节)。 2 、找出重读音节(双音节词通常是第一个音节重读、多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节上重 读)。含有 -ic 或-tion -sion 的词,在-ic -tion -sion 前的一个音节上重读。 3 、以元字组为核心,适当划分音节。(根据音节的划分结果就可以判断单词的读音。含有 非重读音节的词,如果其重读音节与非重读音节之间只有一个辅字组,则可能出现不同的音 节划分结果。) 观察拼读下列单词的过程 单词的音节数目较多时,重读音节里的元字组发短音的可能性比较大。 14