情景交际 学习内容情景交际的技巧 学习目标情景交际题是高考单项选择必考题型也是各位考生经常弄错的题型由于是英语对话中的情景交际要求考生从英语应用角度从英语交际习惯去考虑选择而考生则由于缺乏英语口语的日常练习 做题时由于时间紧迫 又经常从中国的语言环境和习惯出发造成一个简单的题目做错。本节课主要目标是讲解情景交际的解题技巧并通过课堂练习应用技巧减少避免在实际考试中的失分。 学习方法:技巧讲解----课堂训练----课后练习 学习过程1.复习回顾非谓语动词 1) A. to be taught B. being taught C. teaching D. to be teaching 2) ---"A group _______ itself the League for peace." A. calling B. calls C. called D. is called 3) A. which it is on the table B. lying on the table C. is on the table D. which on the table 4) A. to attend in B. to attend C. attend D. attending 5) A. to answer B. answering C. to be answered D. being answered 2.情景交际解题 5 大技巧一忌上次下用;二忌中文思维 At present, English is the main subject ___________ here. ---"Who are those people with the banner?" The pen __________ belongs to me. She said she had a important meeting ______. He is always the first ______ questions. 三忌直接回绝;四忌答非所问 五要结合语境弄清含义 一忌上次下用 上词下用指的是选项中答句部分延用了题干句子的重点词、 信息词 按表层意思似乎合情合理但往往为错误的“虚像”需经进一步分析后才能确定正确选项。 而我们要避免上次下用的误区一是确认题目涉及的交际功能项目 二是确认句子上下文语境三是确认正确的话语方式。 1. —I wonder if I could use your telephone. —________. 1996 上海 27 B. I don’t wonder C. Sorry, it’s out of order D. No wonder, here it is 二忌中文思维 中文思维与上词下用比较 这一误区更具迷惑力 因为无论按题目内容或是按思维方式来考 A. I wonder how 虑都非常符合中国学生的习惯。显然掌握英汉两种语言和文化之间的相同和相异之处对于准确解题至关重要。 我们解题失误之一是按汉语的表达方式和结构去套英语 去选答案这属于语言知识的“负迁移”。 在考试时一定不能想当然的套用中国文化模式违背英语国家的思维方式和文化习俗要重视学习关于外语交际规则和交际模式的明确知识 增强英语思维能力。 这样才能防止中文思维定势的干扰和影响形成正确英语思维方式。 1.—Do you think it‟s going to rain over the weekend? —_______________ NMET ‟94,13 A.I don‟t believe B.I don‟t believe it C.I believe not so D.I believe not —I‟d like to invite you to dinner tomorrow. —Oh,no.That‟ll be too much trouble. —Thank you ever so much for the book you sent me. —Please don‟t say so. —Hi,haven‟t seen you for ages!You look fine! —Oh,no. 三忌直接回绝 直接回绝主要是指在对方要求得到帮助提出请求或邀请时回答过于直接不够委婉尽管从语义角度分析是没毛病的 但不符合英语国家的交际习惯。 应该要注重礼貌和合作优先原则 “请求”方面的问 话有 May I…?/Can I…?/I wonder if I could…/Do you mind if I…?等 “邀请”方面 的问话有 Will you…?/Would you like to…?/I‟d like to invite to…等。 在作否定回答 时为了表示礼貌和委婉通常要用一些委婉词如 but, I’m afraid, I’m sorry, thanks, please, had better 等 ——“Would/Do you mind doing sth?” “Sorry, but I do.” “Sorry, but I wish you wouldn‟t.” —— “Sorry, but I‟d rather you didn‟t.” “Not at all.” 1. —I‟d like to invite you to dinner this Saturday, Mr Smith. — A. Oh, no. Let‟s not B. I‟m very sorry, but I have other plans. C. I‟d rather stay at home. D. Oh, no. That‟ll be too much trouble 2. —I didn’t know this was a one-way street, officer. —________ A. That’s all right. B. I don’t believe you. C. How dare you say that? . D. Sorry, but that’s no excuse 四忌答非所问 应该说答非所问的错误比较容易察觉 如果问话与答话的内容风马牛不相及的话 学生可以迅速排除。但有时双方会话内容有所关联但仔细推敲发现其实答语并不切题。 最典型的例子是 With pleasure 和 It‟s a pleasure。前者一般在事前回答 表示“没问题非常愿意”。后者一般在事后回答表示“不必感谢不用客气”。 1.— Let me introduce myself. I‟m Albert — What a pleasure — Pleased to meet you 2.— I‟m sorry I broke your mirror. — Oh,really? It’s OK with me — It doesn’t matter 策略 一、要掌握常用的功能意念会话项目 特别是一些口语式的固定搭配 二、要理解对话交际场合和交际意图理出答题思路 五要结合语境弄清含义 之所以是情景交际就是因为它是一种语境是人与人的交流因此结合语境弄清对话所要表达的意思十分重要如何把握语境含义可以从以下三个方面入手利用有效的语境因注意语言的衔接言语含义 1.— I‟d like to take a week‟s holiday. — A. Don‟t worry. B. Don‟t mention it C. Forget it D. Pardon me 2.—No, I‟m afraid he isn‟t in. This is his secretary speaking. Can I help you ? — A. Oh, you will. B. Oh, that‟s a pity . C. I should think so . D. Well. I look forward to hearing from you. 3.— Do you think our basketballers played very well yesterday? — _________. , we‟re too busy. 全国卷 III  . (2004 广东卷) A. They were not nervous at all B. They were still young C. They played naturally D. They couldn‟t have done better 回答 thank you 回答 thank you 和 sorry 回答 sorry 1.It's a pleasure. 2.You are welcome. 3. My pleasure. 4. Don‟t mention it 1. Not at all. 2. That„s all right. 3. That‟s OK. 4. It„s nothing. 5. Forget it. 6.No problem. 1. It doesn„t matter. 2. Never mind. 常见搭配解析 “Never mind”意为“没关系”“不要紧”,常应用于下列场合: 1) 回答对方的致歉 —I‟m sorry. I came in a hurry and forgot to bring food. —Never mind. You can have ours. 2) 回答对方的求助 —Sorry to trouble you. —Never mind. What can I do for you? 3) 安慰对方 —Did you watch the baseball match yesterday? —No, I missed it. By the time I got there, it had already finished. —Never mind. It was a boring match. 4用来谢绝别人的提供意为不用啦别费事啦。 —Can I help you with it? 要我帮你做这事吗? —Never mind. 别费心啦。 Don‟t mention it 不要简单的理解为别提了 1用来回答感谢或类似于感谢的句子意为不用谢不客 气不要这样说哪里哪里。 AThank you very much. BDon’t mention it. 2 用来回答道歉意为没关系。 Forget (about) it 也并非只有简单的忘了它这一个意思 1 用来回答感谢意为算不了什么不用谢了。 2 用来回答道歉意为没关系 3 表示不想提及或无关紧要意为忘了它吧别提了 别放在心上 4)表示不愿重复说过的话意为没什么别提了。 5)表示否定意为不行 休想 不可能 别抱什么希望。 not really 的常见意思 1)表示轻微的否定意为“不很”。 2)表示怀疑或不相信意为“不会吧”“不见得”“不会是真的吧” 3)表示语气很强的否定意为“真的没有”“的确没有”。 AThe film was wonderful. Thank you for inviting me. BDon’t mention it. I’m glad you enjoyed it. AI apologize for what I said. BDon’t mention it. AThanks a lot. BForget it. AI’m sorry for what I said. BForget it! I don’t remember anyway. AHow much do I owe you? BForget it. ASorry, what did you say? BOhforget it. AI’ll take the small truck. BAnd leave me to drive the other one? Forget it. ADo you want to come along? BNot really. AThey got married last month. BNot really. Come on 的常见意思 1) 用来表示请求、鼓励、劝说等意为来吧行啦。 2) 用来催促别人快走(做)意为快点。 3) 表示责备或不耐烦意为得啦行啦够啦。 4) 用于挑战或激怒对方意为来吧好吧试试吧。 5) 用于体育竞赛等场合鼓励队员意为加油。 “Come on! Come on! ” shouted the audience again and again. Take it easy 与 Take your time 在口语中两者都含有别着急的意思但在应用中却存在着一定差别要注意区分Take it easy 主要是情绪上别紧张放松些 Take your time 则是指行为动作上别慌张慢慢来 1.—— I’m afraid I can’t finish the book within this week. ―― Take your time. You can’t always meet he deadlines. 2. Take your time, and I’m sure you will find a way out soon. ADid you watch the news on TV last night? BNot really. Come on, Bill, you can tell me, I won’t tell anybody. Come on, it’s getting dark. Come on, Mr. Wang is waiting. Come on, don’t sit there dreaming. Oh, Jane, come on, for goodness’ sake. Come on! I’m not afraid of you. 课堂训练 1— Excuse me, have you been to Japan? — _______. ANo, I don‟t BNever CSorry, I can‟t DDon‟t mention it 2— My name is Jack Smith. ________ — Hi! I‟m Jackson. AHow do you do? BNice to meet you again. CHow about you? DHow are you? 3—Her grandpa passed away yesterday. — ______ . AHow do you like it? BHe was a kind man. CSorry to hear that. DWhat shall we do? 4— Shall we go there next Sunday? — ________? — To see the football match. AWhat with BWhat by CWhat for DWhat on 5—Is there anything I can do for yousir —_____  APerhapsGo ahead BNoTake your time CYesYou're welcome DNot nowThanks anyway 6—Everybody says you are a good studentyou never fall asleep in classdo you —_____  AYessometimes BNoI did CYesnever DYesI didn't 7—Sorry,I can't go camping with you. I have to prepare well enough for the entrance-exam. —________!We can camp together next time. ADon't say so BCongratulations C Good luck DNo problem 课后练习 1. —Would you like to join us in the game? —_____, for I have something important to attend to. 2008 福建 A. I will B. I‟d love to C. I won‟t D. I‟m afraid not 2. —The floor is dirty. Can anyone clean it? — ________I do it all the time. (2008 陕西卷) A. Don‟t mention it. B. Why you? C. Not sure D. Not me again. 3. —May I ask a question after class, Sir? — , but not during my lunch break. 2008 重庆 A. I‟m sorry B. Anytime C. Certainly D. Go ahead 4. —I am afraid I can‟t return the book to you before Friday. — . 2008 重庆 A. 5. —Do you mind if I record your lecture? — ___________. Go ahead. 2008 江苏卷 A. Never mind 6. —I can‟t repair these until tomorrow, I‟m afraid. —That‟s OK...