Prefixes indicating negation 在单词的 加上一个表示 含义的词缀。 :dis-; il-, im-, in-, ir-; un-; non-; mis-等; :“非”、“无”、“不 (是)”、“未”等。 1. dis-常加在名、形、动之前。如: ?disagree(ment) (分歧;不赞同) ?discourage vt.使气馁 ?disagreeable adj.不愉快的 ?disadvantage (不利条件;缺点) ?disorder 无秩序 ?disappear (v.消失) ?discomfort(n.不舒适 vt.使不舒适) ?dishonest (adj.不诚实的) ?dislike (v.不喜欢) 但like prep 不像 ?dissatisfactory adj.不令人满意的 ?但satisfied ?discover vt 发现 ?但cover 揭露,暴露 2.in-;il-,im-,ir-(in-在辅音n,l,m,p,r前要变 体)加在形容词、名词、副词上 expensive equal 不平等的 correct valid无效的 different 冷漠的 accurate不准确的 active, direct visible, credible, curable a. 常加在以字母 开头的形容词之前: ?impossible (不可能的) ?impolite (无礼的;粗鲁的) ?impatient ?imbalanced(adj.不平衡的) 但: parallel不平行的 pleasant popular poisonous无毒的 b.il-, ir- 加在 和 开头的形容词之前 ? illegal(非法的) ? illogical(不合逻辑的) ? irregular(不规则) ? irresponsible ? irrelevant ? illiterate 不识字的 ? irrelative无关的 但: reasonable不合理的,不公道的 3. un-加在形容词、副词、名词及用于作形容 词的分词上 unhappiness 不幸福 unusual 不寻常的;罕见的 unimportant 不重要的 unfriendly 不友好的 uncomfortable 不舒服的 但discomfort n/vt 不舒适 ;使…不舒服 unsafe 不安全的 unwelcome 不受欢迎的 uncommon 不常见的 unaware 没意识到的 un-用于动词之前表示做相反的动作 ? lock v.锁, 锁上 lockvt.开...锁?cover vt.覆盖 covervt.揭开, 揭露 ? fold v.折叠 fold v.打开 ? dress v.穿衣 dress vt.使脱衣服 ? load v.装载 load v.卸货 un-未(主要用于过去分词之前) expected locked educated decided finished crowded doubted married 未预料到) 未上锁的 未受教育的 未决定的 未完成的 不拥挤的 无疑的 未结婚的 4.non-加在名、形、副或作形容词的分词前, 表“ ”之意 sense(n.胡说、废话) violent(adj.非暴力的 ) poisonous无毒的 existent不存在的 smoking 不准吸烟的 stop a.直达的 5.ab-,ab-加在词根前,表示"相反,离去” 如: normal(ab+normal 正常的)反常的 ?abuse滥用、错误使用、虐待 6.mis-加在动词、名词之前 understand 误解 judge 误判 leading 误导 fortune 不幸 Exx:根据语境,用所给词的否定形式填空 1.It is ________ (legal) to drive after drinking alcohol. 酒后开车 。 2.___________ (lead) advertisements are not allowed by law. 的广告为法律所不允许。 3.It is _____________ (reasonable)to stick to this absurd proposal.坚持这种荒谬的建议是 。 4.There exists the ___________ (balance) between the rich and poor countries. 富国与穷国之间存在着 。 5.The government ________ (close) that another ambassador had been arrested for spying. 政府 另一个外交大使园间谍罪被逮捕。 6.His identity is ________ (know) to us so we have to confirm.他的身份 我们 ,所以我们 得证实。 7.He seems to be ________ (aware)of the trouble he is making.他似乎 他正造成的麻烦。 8.Jim is ________ (patient)with his little sister who is so noisy. 吉姆对他吵闹的小妹妹 。 9.The ____________ (expect)death of her son made hei sad.她儿子 死亡使她伤心。 10.Her illness had made her completely ________ (mobile).她的病使得她完全 了。 11.Running a business without a budget(预算)is ________ (practical). 经营生意而没有预算是 。 12.The bright dress is ________ (proper) for a funeral.鲜艳的衣服对葬礼来说 。 13.Students get a ________ (count) of 25% on plane tickets.学生享有25%的机票 。 14.The water is ________ (fit)for drinking and you have to gowithout water. 这水 饮用,你只能不喝水了。 15.You must be ________ (literate) if you have not heard of Shakespeare. 如果你没听说过莎士比亚,那你一定是 。 16.He ________ (like)wearing a tie,so you will never see him in tie. 17.___________ (amaze/surprise) , he should lose his temper in public. 18._____________ (expect), the injured athlete came first in the 100meter dash. 19.The mother __________(dress) her baby and gave it a bath. 20.This delay was __________ (avoidable) so we had to be patient.延迟不可避免,所以我们得 耐心 21.His income is ________ (adequate) to meet his basic needs and he has to find another job.他 的收入不足以满足基本要求,他得再找份工作。 22.It's ________ (honesty)to lie about one's age. 谎报自己的年龄是不诚实的。 23.The injured man was ________ (capable) of walking, so he had to be carried. 那个受伤的人不能走路,所以他得被人背着。 24.He was ________ (ability) to sleep at night because of his anxiety.由于焦虑,晚上他不能入睡。 25.The fish is a bit ________ (smell). We can't eat it.