属性(名词派生动词的时候也有-al,注意区分)
-en, wooden, golden在物质后表示物质属性
-ern, eastern, northern表方向属性
-id, humid, liquid表示性质
-ful, careful, mouthful 充满了
-less, careless, harmless ...少的
-able, reasonable, believable表可以
-tive/-live, creative, productive表示倾向
-ic, historic, electric, economic, philosophic(这两组的辨析,一种说法无本质区别;一种说法-ic后缀比-ical后缀离原名词词意,前者更为紧密,后者更为稀疏。如economic是离经济非常近的“经济的”,economical是和经济距离较远的“划算的”)
-ical, historical, electrical, economical, philosophical
-like, childlike, womenlike
-etic表示性质
-ary/- ory, conrat, elementary, preparatory
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-an, European, American
-ish, English, childish, selfish加在国家名词后表示专有名词,在普通名词后有贬义意味
-y, dirty, thirsty, windy表示多
-ly, friendly, lovely表示性质
-ary, imaginary, revolutionary
-some, troublesome, lonesome
4.副词
adj+ly