动词的-ing形式按功能可分为动名词和现在分词。动词的-ing形式何时为动名词,何时为现在分词。首先,我们要从概念上区分。动词的-ing形式在起名词作用时,称为动名词;用作形容词或副词时,称为现在分词。其次,我们要从用法方面区分动词的-ing形式是动名词还是现在分词。一、动词的-ing形式用作主语时为动名词,现在分词不可以用作主语。
1.动名词用作主语.
Reading French is easier than speaking it.
2.有时it作形式主语,把动名词主语放在句子后面
It’s nice seeing you again. 再次见到你太好了。
It was tiring driving from morning till night. 从早到晚开车很累人。
3. “There is + no”后可以用动名词作主语
There was no arguing with her. 没法和她争论。
二、动词的-ing形式用作宾语时为动名词,现在分词不可以用作宾语。
1.有许多动词可接动名词作宾语
I suggested bringing the meeting to an end. 我建议结束会议。
2.有许多带介词的动词固定搭配接动名词作宾语
He has given up playing football. 他现在不踢足球了。
三、当动词的-ing形式用作状语时为现在分词,动名词不可以用作状语。
现在分词及其短语可以用作状语,表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。其动作可能发生在谓语之前或之后,也可能与谓语动词的动作同时发生。
Living in the country, we had few social engagements. (表原因)
Having money, he will buy a bigger car.(表条件)
Knowing the secret, she would not tell me about it.(表让步)
四、动名词与现在分词都可以用作表语,当动词的-ing的作用相当于名词时为动名词。当动词的-ing的作用相当于形容词时,动词的-ing为现在分词。
1.动名词用作表语
Her h