e.g. Jim has come back. (正) 吉姆已经回来了。
Jim has come back for a month. (误) come back的动作不能延续一个月,因此错误。
(2)瞬间动词不可以用于有段时间的现在完成时态中,因此,若要解决这一问题,就应把它改为相应的延续性动词或短语,主要有以下几种:
①用相应的延续性动词
如: buy → have borrow → keep come/go/become → be put on → wear catch a cold → have a cold ②转换成be+名词
如: join → be a member of go to school → be a student ③转换成be+形容词或副词
如: die → be dead leave → be away begin → be on finish → be over fall asleep — be asleep open → be open get up → be up close → closed ④转换成be+介词短语
如: come to/go to/arrive in (at)/get to/reach …→ be in/at… join the army → be in the army(军队)
e.g. I have borrowed the book. 我已经借了那本书。
I have kept the book for two days. 我已经借那本书两天了。
Jim has joined the band. 吉姆已经加入那乐队了。
Jim has been a member of the band for a month. 吉姆已经加入那个乐队一个月了。
His grandfather has died. 他祖父已经死了。
His grandfather has been dead for 2 years. 他祖父已经死了两年了。
My father has arrived in China. 我父亲已经到达中国了。
My father has been in China for a week. 我父亲已经在中国一个星期了。