polite的基本意思是“有礼貌的,客气的”,指举止谈吐彬彬有礼。也可作“有教养的,文雅的”解,多指一个人有良好的品行。polite在句中可用作定语或表语。用作表语时其后可接介词短语或动词不定式,该不定式与polite以及句子的主语均存在逻辑上的主谓关系。

词义辨析

adj.(形容词)
polite, civil, courteous
这组词的共同意思是“有礼貌的”。其区别在于:1.polite指教养良好而举止谈吐彬彬有礼。2.civil指仅仅满足社会交往的一般要求,有时仅指不粗野。例如:Be civil in your speech.讲话要客气。He was very civil to us when we went to see him.我们去见他的时候,他待我们非常客气。3.courteous则指考虑更为周到,举止更为高雅。例如:She was pleased at the courteous way in which he addressed her.他跟她讲话时的那种谦恭的样子令她十分愉快。It was courteous of him to give his seat to my mother.他把座位让给我母亲真有礼貌。
polite,civil,courteous
这些形容词均含“礼貌的、客气的”之意。polite普通常用词,指言论举止无论何时均严谨有礼,很有教养。civil语气弱于polite,着重只达到社交的一般要求,避免粗鲁。courteous指言谈举止典雅,谦恭有礼,更侧重考虑他人的感情与尊严。

常见错误

adj.(形容词)这次你要对他更礼貌些。
误Try to be more polite with him this time.
正Try to be more polite to him this time.
你撞开了门冲进房间是不礼貌的。
误It wasn't polite for you to hammer in the door and then charged into the room.
正It wasn't polite of you to hammer in the door and then charged into the room.
析“对…有礼貌”英文是be polite to sb,不能用 with来代替to。在It is/was polite of sb to- v 结构中该动词不定式与polite以及句子的主语均存在逻辑上的主谓关系。
不要客气,请吃糕点。
误Don't be polite and eat the cakes yourself.
正Make yourself at home and help yourself to the cakes.
析polite指“客气”是指人的素质,而在家待客人时说“不要客气”意思是“不要拘束”,英语中通常应该说Make yourself at home,不能说Don't be polite。表示“自己吃…”,也应该说成help oneself to,其中to是介词。

词源解说

14世纪晚期进入英语,直接源自拉丁语的politus,意为优雅的。

polite的相关资料:

近反义词

【近义词】
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