【内容抽要】18—19世纪是清王朝统治的中后期,玉米、马铃薯等高产农作物在云南广泛种植,引起了云南民族传统农业的巨大变迁,促进了清代云南的山区开发及民族经济的繁荣。但云南的生态环境也发生了重大变迁,半山区、山区的植被随玉米及马铃薯的推广逐渐减少,地面覆盖变成农作物后,地表土壤的附着力和凝聚力大大降低,出现了严重的水土流失,河道淤塞,田亩荒废,自然灾害频繁,农业生产受到极大影响,其中的经验教训值得吸取和借鉴。
【关键词】云南;玉米;马铃薯;生态史;影响
【作者简介】周琼,女,云南大学西南古籍研究所教授,历史学博士中国人民大学清史研究所博士后。
Abstract:The l8th and l9th Century are the mid and late part which Qing Dynasty rules.At that time,High production crops such as corn,potato,widely planted in Yunnan,which caused the Yunnan nationality traditional agriculture went to vicissitude,and the promotion have settled the generation of Yunnan’s mountainous area development and the national economy prosperity.But Yunnan’s ecological environment has also had the significanl vicissitude.The vegetation of region halfway up the mountain,and the mountainous area reduces gradually along with the corn and potato’s promotion.After the ground cover turns the crops,the surface soil adhesion and the cohesive force reduced greatly,which resulted in the serious so