一、that与which的区别(只用that的情况)

当先行词指物时才需要讨论这个问题
1. 当先行词为不定代词,如anything, everything, nothing, none, one, all, little, few, much 等,或先行词被all, little, few, much, any, only, the every, every, no等修饰时,要用that指代先行词
All thatis needed is oil.Finally, the thief handedeveryting thathe had stolen to the police.This isthe only problem thatremains to be settled.
2.先行词是序数词/最高级形容词时,或先行词被序数词,最高级形容词修饰时,要用that
This isthe first/best filmthat I have seen since I came here.
3. 先行词同时包括人和物时,要用that
They often talk aboutthe people and the thingsthat they like most.
4. 避免重复
① 主句的主语是疑问词who或which
Whichis the bikethatyou have lost?Whois the boythatwon the gold medal?
② 两个定语从句,其中一个用which另一个用that
They secretly built up a small factory,whichproduced thingsthatcould cause much pollution.
5. 先行词在主句中作表语,关系词在从句中也作表语
Shanghai is no longer the citythatit used to be.
6. 主句是there be 句型且关系词在从句中作主语
There isa seatthatis still available.
即:限定性定语从句中,万一脑抽无法判断的时候,选that居多

二、不能用that的情况

在非限定性定语从句中不能用that,而用who, whom,which等指代先行词I saw Mary just now, who seemed very excited.
2.介词后不能用that
例:This is the person to whom your father spoke just now.
3. 当先行词是any, few, one(s), anyone, everyone, those, people等且指人时,只能用who, 不用that
Those who are present will have the chance to see the film star.
4. 先行词本身是that(避免重复)
5. there be结构中先行词指人
There is a man who calls himself Mr. S joining our team.
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