规则动词

一、一般情况下,动词词尾加 -ed,以不发音 e 结尾的动词,词尾加 -d
act 行动 | add 增加 | answer 回答 | appear 出现 | assemble 集合 | ask 问|assist 帮助 | attack 攻击 | attend 出席
bake 烘焙 | balance 平衡 | barbecue 烤肉 | bathe 洗澡 | bank 堆积 | bounce 弹跳 | board 上(船等) | boil 煮沸 | box 拳击 | broil 烤|brush 刷、画|browse 浏览 | bruise 擦伤 | burn 烧|burp 打嗝 | bubble 使冒泡、沸腾
carpool 拼车 | cash 兑换支票 | change 改变 | check 检查 | circle 围绕 | clean 清洁 | clear 清除 | close 关闭 | comb 梳理 | combine 联合 | collect 收集 | construct 建造 | cook 烹饪 | correct 改正 | cough 咳嗽 | cover 覆盖 | crash 碰撞、崩溃 | cross 交叉
deliver 传送 | deposit 存放 | design 设计 | declare 宣布 | describe 描述 | discuss 讨论 | dislocate 脱臼 | dive 跳水 | dribble 流口水 | dress 穿着 | drill 钻孔 | dust 擦灰尘
edit 编辑 | end 结束 | enter 进入 | enforce 强迫执行 | erase 抹去 | establish 建立 | explain 解释说明 | exchange 交换 | exercise 练习 | experience 经历
faint 晕倒 | fasten 系紧 | fix 修理 | file 存档 | floss 用牙线剔牙 | fold 折叠 | follow 跟随 | form 组成
gargle 漱口 | grate 磨碎(干酪、水果等) | grill 烧|guard 保卫
hand 传递、交给 | help 帮助 | hire 雇佣
insert 插入 | invent 发明、创造 | iron 熨
kick 踢
land 着陆 | leak 泄漏 | learn 学习 | lengthen 使延长 | lie 说谎 | lift 抬起 | listen 听|load 把..装上(车辆)、把..装进(容器) | look 看|lower 减少、降低
mark 做记号 | match 与...相配 | manage 管理 | measure 测量 | mix 混合 | mow 割草 | move 移动
nurse 护理
obey 服从 | open 打开 | operate 操纵(机器或设备) | organize 组织(活动) | overdose 用药过量
paint 给...涂颜料 | park 停车 | pass 经过 | peel 削皮 | plant 种植 | play 玩耍 | polish 擦亮 | pour 倒|print 打印 | practice 练习 | prepare 准备 | produce 引起、制造 | pronounce (正确地)发音、宣布| prune 修剪树枝
raise 举起 | recite 背诵 | recycle 再利用 | remove 移动 | revise 改变、修正 | reach 达到(某一阶段等) | record 记录 | register 登记 | relax 放松、休息 | repair 修理、修补 | repeat 重说、重写、重做 | request 请求、要求 | respond 作出反应 | rest 休息 | return 返回 | rinse 冲洗 | roast 烤(肉等) | rock 使来回摆动
save 拯救 | scratch 挠皮肤、抓破皮肤 | scrape 刮除 | seat 使就座 | select 挑选、选择 | serve 提供 | share 分享 | shorter 使短路 | shave 刮胡子 | sign 签名、署名 | simmer 炖|slice 把..切成薄片 | sneeze 打喷嚏 | sort 将...分类 | spell (用字母)拼写 | sprain 扭伤 | steam 冒热气 | stow 将..装好收起 | stretch 伸展 | state 陈述、说明 | style 设计 | supervise 监督、管理 | surf 冲浪 | swallow 吞咽
talk 谈话 | translate 翻译 | turn 转身 | twist 扭动身体 | type 打字
underline 在...下面画线 | unscramble 整理 | unload 卸货 | use 使用
vacuum 用吸尘器打扫 | vomit 呕吐 | vote 投票
walk 步行 | wash 洗涤 | watch 注视 | wax 给...上蜡 | weed 除草 | whiten 使变白 | wheeze 喘息 | work 工作
二、以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加 -ed
chop chopped chopped 切、劈、砍
drop dropped dropped 落下
hop hopped hopped 跳跃
knit knitted knitted 编织
mop mopped mopped 擦干
plan planned planned 计划
occur occurred occurred 发生
skip skipped skipped 蹦跳、略过
stir stirred stirred 搅拌
stop stopped stopped 停止
transfer transferred transferred 转移、转让
trim trimmed trimmed 修剪
三、以辅音字母加 y 结尾的动词,把y变i再加 -ed
apply applied applied 申请、对..适用
copy copied copied 复制
dry dried dried 把...弄干
empty emptied emptied 把...弄空
fry fried fried 油炸
study studied studied 学习、研究
try tried tried 试验、尝试

不规则

一、AAA

原形、过去式、过去分词的形式表现一致,大部分单词都以 t 结尾
burst burst burst 爆炸
cast cast cast 投掷 | cost cost cost 花费 | cut cut cut 切
forecast forecast forecast 预报
hit hit hit 打击 | hurt hurt hurt 伤害
let let let 让
put put put 放
read read read 阅读
set set set 设置 | shut shut shut 关闭 | slit slit slit 撕开 | spread spread spread 传播
thrust thrust thrust 猛推、猛塞
upset upset upset 使心烦意乱

二、AAB

原形和过去式形式相同
beat beat beaten 击败

三、ABA

原形和过去分词形式相同
become became become 成为
come came come 来
overcome overcame overcome 战胜
run ran run 跑

四、ABB

过去式和过去分词形式相同

1、以-ght 结尾

bring brought brought 带来 | buy bought bought 买
catch caught caught 抓住
fight fought fought 打架、斗争
seek sought sought 寻找、探索
teach taught taught 教|think thought thought 想

2、词尾添加 -t,或去词尾 -e 再加 -t

deal dealt dealt 发牌
lose lost lost 丢失
mean meant meant 意思是..
spoil spoilt spoilt 毁掉

3、词尾添加 -d,或把 y 变成 i 再加 -d,或去词尾 -e 再加 -d

flee fled fled 逃走
hear heard heard 听见
lay laid laid 放置

4、词尾 -d 变成 -t

bend bent bent 使弯曲 | build built built 建设
lend lent lent 借
rend rent rent 撕裂
send sent sent 发送 | spend spent spent 花费

5、词尾 -eeX 变成 -eXt

creep crept crept 爬行
feel felt felt 觉得
keep kept kept 保持 | kneel knelt knelt 跪
sleep slept slept 睡觉 | sweep swept swept 打扫
weep wept wept 哭泣

6、词尾 -ell 变成 -old

sell sold sold 卖
tell told told 告诉

7、词尾 -ay 变成 -aid

gainsay gainsaid gainsaid 反驳
pay paid paid 付款
say said said 说

8、只改变中间的元音字母

(1)、oo 变成 o
shoot shot shot
(2)、 i 变成 a 或o
sit sat sat 坐|shine shone shone 发光
win won won 赢
(3)、i 变成 u
dig dug dug 挖掘
fling flung flung 扔、掷、抛
sling slung slung 扔、掷、抛|sting stung stung 刺、蜇、叮|swing swung swung 摇摆 | slink slunk slunk 潜逃 | shrink shrunk shrunk 收缩 | spin spun spun 使…旋转 | spring sprung sprung 跳跃 | stick stuck stuck 粘贴
(4)、i 变成 ou
bind bound bound 捆绑
find found found 找到
grind ground ground 磨碎
wind wound wound 缠绕
(5)、ee、ea 或o变成 e
bleed bled bled 流血 | breed bred bred 繁殖、饲养
feed fed fed 喂养
hold held held 持有
lead led led 引领
meet met met 见
tread trod trod 踩、踏

9、不规则

have had had 有
leave left left 离开
make made made 制造
slide slid slid 滑动 | stand stood stood 站立

五、ABC

原形、过去式、过去分词的形式都不相同

1、中间元音字母原形、过去式、过去分词为 i、a、u

begin began begun 开始
drink drank drunk 喝
ring rang rung 铃响
sing sang sung 唱|swim swam swum 游泳 | sink sank sunk 下沉

2、过去式把原形中间元音字母变成 a、e、o或oo, 过去分词以原形加 -n 或-en 结尾

arise arose arisen (问题或困难)出现
befall befell befallen (不幸或危险)降临
drive drove driven 驾驶
fall fell fallen 落下 | forgive forgave forgiven 原谅
give gave given 给
mistake mistook mistaken 弄错
ride rode ridden 骑|rise rose risen 升高
smite smote smitten 重击 | shake shook shaken 摇动
take took taken 拿
write wrote written 写

3、过去式把原形中间的元音字母变成 o, 过去分词以过去式加 -n 或-en 结尾

break broke broken 打破
choose chose chosen 选择
forget forgot forgotten 忘记 | freeze froze frozen 使结冰
get got gotten 得到
speak spoke spoken 说|steal stole stolen 偷|swear swore sworn 诅咒
tear tore torn 撕掉
wear wore worn 穿|wake woke woken 醒|weave wove woven 编织

4、过去式以 -ew 或-aw 结尾,过去分词以 -n 结尾

blow blew blown 风吹
draw drew drawn 画
fly flew flown 飞
grow grew grown 生长
know knew known 知道
oversee oversaw overseen 监督
see saw seen 看见 | slay slew slain 凶狠地杀死
throw threw thrown 投掷

5、过去式以 -ed 结尾,过去分词以 -n 或-t 结尾

blend blended blent 混合
bless blessed blest 祝福
lade laded laden 装载
show showed shown 出示

6、不规则

do did done 做
be(am/is/are) was/were been 是
eat ate eaten 吃
go went gone 去
hide hid hidden
lie lay lain 躺