动词的主动形式表示被动之意 一、系动词无被动语态:以主动形式表示被动之意 常见的系动词有: ① be 动词 ② ……起来 个) look/seem/appear, feel(感觉, (7 : 摸起来), sound, smell, taste e.g. She seems/appears happy. It smells terrible. ③ (逐渐)变得/变成:become, grow, get, turn, come, go e.g. His wish has come true. People often went hungry in the old days. The tree is growing tall. ④ 保持:keep, stay e.g. We must keep quiet in the reading room. 二、下列动词(词组)没有被动式: 1、happen, take place, break out, belong to ,cost, take 2、不及物动词 sell, wash, read , write, open, close, shut, lock, wear 等,常用主 动形式表示被动意义。 ○1、An accident was happened yesterday.(×)昨天发生了一起事故。 An accident happened yesterday. ○2、The flower smells sweet.这花闻起来很香。 ○3、The watch looks good.这表看起来很好。 ○4、This book sells well.这本书畅销。 ○5、The kind of cloth washes well. 这种布很容易洗。 ○6、The article reads well. 这篇文章读起来很好。 ○7、The supermarket opens at 8:00 in the morning. 超市在早上八点钟营业。 ○8、The door won’t close/shut. 这门关不上。 ○9、The door locks easily. 这门容易锁。 ○10、This material wears well (won’t wear). 这种材料耐久(不耐久) 三、Need, want, require(要求,需要), deserve(应得,值得), be worth 值得) , not bear(经不住) 后面接 doing 主动表被动。 The book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。 The old building requires repairing. 这座古建筑需要修了。 These young seedlings will require/need looking after (=need to be looked after) carefully.这些幼苗将需要小心的照管。 Your hair wants/needs cutting (needs to be cut).你的头发该剪了。 四、不定式作定语,放在被修饰词后面,与前面被修饰的名词或代词有动宾 关系, 又在句子中与另一名词或代词有主谓关系, 不定式要用主动表被动含 义。 I have much work to do. 我有许多要做的事情。 (与 work 有动宾关系,与 I 有主谓关系) Tom is looking for a room to live in. Tom 在找一间住的房间。 (与 room 有动宾关系,与 Tom 有主谓关系) He has a family to support.他要维持一个家庭。(与 family 有动宾 关系,与 he 有主谓关系) 五、不定式修饰作表语和宾语补足语的形容词时,结构:主语+系动词+形容 词 + 不定式; 动词+宾语+形容词+不定式。 如果形容词是表示难易、 利弊等含义, 如 difficult, easy, comfortable(舒适的), convenient(便利的,方便的), hard, cheap, expensive, 等,不定式用主动表被动。 The question is difficult to answer. 这个问题很难回答。 The work is easy to do. 这项工作很好做。 I found the car comfortable to ride in. 我觉得这种车很好坐。 That makes poetry difficult to write. 那就使得诗很难写。 被动语态专项练习 Ⅰ单项选择 1. Good books ____ again and again. A. should be readed B. should be read C. must read D. ought to read 2. The children ____ by the nurse. A. were looked B. looked after C. were looked after D. looked 3. He ___ some pieces of advice, but he ____ to them. A. gave, didn't listen B. was given, wasn't listened C. give, wasn't listened D. was given, didn't listen 4. When____ the accident _____ ? A. was, happen B. did, happen C. is, happen D. was, happened 5. The question ____ by us soon. A. is going to discuss B. will discuss C. is going to be discussed D. has been discussed 6. The lab ____ about five years ago. A. was builded B. was built C. builds D. has been built 7. A lot of tall buildings _____ in his hometown in the last three years. A. have set up C. were set up B. have been set up D. set up 8. They ____ printing 500 copies by the end of last month. A. had finished C. had been finished B. have finished D. have been finished 9. Rice ___ also _____ in their hometown. A. is…grown was…grown 10. He ____ by the teachers. A. is always praised C. have been praised B. praises D. always is praised B. is…grew C. was…grew D. 11. Great changes ____ place. Many new schools____ . A. have taken, have been opened C. are taken, open 12. The picture______ in October, 1996. B. take, are open D. have been taken, are opened A. was taking B. had been taken C. was taken D. had taken 13. We can't use the bridge now, because it______ . A. has been repaired repaired 14. I ______the way to the railway station by a policeman. A. was shown showing 15. The war______ in 1941. A. broke out C. was broken out B. had been broken out D. had broken out B. showed C. have shown D. was B. is repairing C. is repaired D. is being 16. When water______ , it will be changed into vapor(蒸汽). A. is heated B. heating C. has heated D. heats 17. We can't enter the room because its door______ . A. locked B. locks C. is locked D. is locking 18. They ______day and night. A. are made work C. made to be worked B. are made to work D. are making to work 19. Chang'an Road is ______of people. A. filled B. fill C. full D. fulled 20. Man-made satellites ______into space by many countries. A. was sent up C. have been sent up B. is sent up D. has been sent up 21. This English song _____ often _____ by the children. A. is, singing sung 22.The windows of our house _____once a week. A. must clean are cleaned 23. When ______ the People's Republic of China_____ ? A. was, found does, found 24. Mary's radio ______ by my brother just now. B. was, founded C. did, found D. B. have cleaned C. is cleaned D. B. is, sung C. will, sing D. was, A. will be mended mended D. mended B. has mended C. was 25. Your exercise books _____ after class. A. will hand in C. handed in B. must hand in D. must be handed in 26. Some trees may ______ at other times of the year. A. be planted C. are planted 27. The sun _____ at night as usual. A. can be seen B. can't see C. can't be seen D. doesn't see B. plant D. will be planted 28. A new English play _____ there next week. A. will put on C. is going to put on B. will be put on D. will be putted on 29. A strange thing _____ in our school yesterday. A. was happened C. happened B. has been happened D. was going to happen 30. The glass ______ . It _____ by little Tom this morning. A. broke, is broken C. was broken, broke Ⅱ把下列句子改为被动语态 1. I saw the boy run yesterday. 2. He told me that he would come back soon. 3. You can find a lot of differences between the two languages. 4. Do you water your flowers every day? 5. The wind blew down the big tree last night. 6. I think that he is right. 7. He had not thrown the bad food. 8. Mother was not mending the trousers. 9. They would not take him to Beijing. 10. Nobody knew me in this town at that time. B. is broken, was broken D. has been broken, broken 参考答案 Ⅰ单项选择 1. B 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. B 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. A 11. A 12. C 13. D 14. A 15. A 16. A 17. C 18. B 19. C 20. C 21.B 22. D 23.B 24. C 25.D 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. B Ⅱ、把下列句子改为被动语态 1. The boy was seen to run by me yesterday. 2. I was told that he would come back soon. 3. A lot of differences can be found by you between the two languages. 4. Are your flowers watered every day? 5. The big tree was blown down last night. 6. It is thought that he is right. 7. The bad food had not been thrown. 8. The trousers were not being mended by my mother. 9. He would not be taken to Beijing. 10. I was known by nobody in this town at that time.