在训练方法上, train指由易到难,循序渐进,在这一点上与instruct有些接近。例如:They were trained as animal doctors in this school.他们在这所学校里得到训练,成为兽医。He is specially trained for this kind of work.为了胜任这种工作,他曾受过特殊训练。The old farmer trained his horse to do farm work for him.老农夫训练他的马为他干农活。Mother tried to train the vines over the porch.母亲想引导葡萄藤爬到门廊上面。④school强调教育和训练的严格性,指在某一方面进行特别严格的训练,也指学会忍耐难以忍受之事或锻炼和严格约束自己处理一些复杂困难事情的意思。例如:She was schooled in foreign languages.她在外语方面受到过严格训练。His father was schooled in Harvard.他的父亲是在哈佛大学受教育的。The parents schooled their children in politeness.家长们严格教育子女们讲礼貌。He was schooled by life itself.生活本身锻炼了他。2.teach和instruct在用法上也不同, teach接sb sth; 而instruct接sb in sth。试比较下面两个句子:Mr. Smith taught us English.Mr. Smith instructed us in English.史密斯先生教我们英语。另外,两词接to- v 时意思也不同:teach sb to- v 的意思是“教某人做某事”,而instruct sb to- v 的意思是命令或通知某人做某事。例如:He taught us to run the machine.他教我们开机器。We are instructed when to start.已有人通知我们何时出发。3.tutor和coach的含义与上述五个词不同,强调的是“个别性”,向一位专门教师学习,或在某小组中学习,即进行个别辅导。其区别是:coach只指补习或辅导,不指教新课,而tutor既可指复习功课,也可指讲授新课。例如:I'll coach some of the students this evening.今晚我要辅导几个学生。He is coaching a basketball team.他正在指导一个篮球队。The teacher tutors him to play the piano.这位教师教他弹钢琴。I offered to tutor him in English.我建议替他补习英文。
下面两组句子中的意思相同:
He taught me to dance.He taught me how to dance.He taught me dancing.他教我跳舞。He is teaching at a school.He is teaching in a school.他在学校教书。
下面两个句子的意思不同:
My brother taught us not to lie.我哥哥教导我们不要说谎。When I catch that boy,I'll teach him to tell lies to me.要是我抓到那个小孩,我要好好治治 他,看他还敢不敢对我说谎。
teach,instruct,educate,coach,train,tutor
这些动词均含“教,教育,培养”之意。