【英语语法】否定结构讲解,珠海IBS编辑和大家分享否定结构讲解和不同情况下否定结构讲解例句分析,请阅读下文. 1 .It doesn't seem that we can get the money back 【参考译文】看样子我们不能把钱要回来了.
【英语语法】否定结构讲解,珠海IBS编辑和大家分享否定结构讲解和不同情况下否定结构讲解例句分析,请阅读下文。
1 .It doesn’t seem that we can get the money back。
【参考译文】看样子我们不能把钱要回来了。
【结构分析】 Itdoesn't seem that we can get the money back.在It seems/appears/ looks/etc. that...句型中,seems等词的否定是形式的否定,杏定的内容实际是从句的谓语动词(即,否定转移),故此句在本质上相当于It seems that we can not get the money back.
【知识链接】 get back 索回,取回;It seems that.....似乎......。
2. It is not my belief that you can make something out of nothing.
【参考译文】我相信你不能凭空就会取得成功。
【结构分析】It isnot my belief that you can make something out of nothing.以belief/ thought等为代表的表示“观点”、“看法”类的名词,用于It is not my... that...结构时,常发生否定转移,即,将否定词转移到从句中,修饰从句的谓语动词。
【知识链接】 make something out of nothing 凭空取得成功。
3. Spiders are not insects as many people imagine.
【参考译文】蜘蛛不像人们想象中的那样,它们不是昆虫。
【结构分析】 Spiders arenot insects //as many people imagine.此句的第一段是主干 (主系表结构);第二段是比较连词as引导的比较状语从句;注:如果as引导的比较状语从句用于否定句,并且整体位置在not的后面,则会发生否定转移,译成汉语时可理解为“不像……”。
【知识链接】spider蜘蛛;insect昆虫;imagine想象,(阅读中常可引申理解为“认为”, 表示观点的提出)。
4. He wasnot ready to believe something just because the ancients said so.
【参考译文】他不会仅仅因为古人讲过,就轻易相信某种东西。
【结构分析】 He was not ready to believe something just//because the ancients said so.此句的第一段是主干;第二段是原因连词because引导的原因状语从句。注:以原因状语 为代表的状语,也经常发生否定转移,即主句的否定词转移修饰状语,但须满足一个前提条件: 依据上下文和正常语序在理解上出现逻辑不一致或逻辑混乱。
【知识链接】be ready to准备,乐于;the ancients古人(尤指古代的饱学之士)。
5. Even people who take no interest in art cannot have failed to notice examples of modern sculpture.
【参考译文】即使对艺术不感兴趣的人也不会没有注意到现代雕塑的样品。
【结构分析】 Even people (who take no interest in art)cannot havefailed to notice examples of modern sculpture.此句的主语是 people,i胃语是 cannot have failed to notice,宾语 是examples of modern sculpture,主语后面是who引导的定语从句,修饰先行词主语people; 此句话理解的关键是谓语部分:cannot + fail to do,fail to do是常见的否定形式,常和否定词形成双重否定结构,以加强肯定的语气,此句就属这种情形,再比如:
Catsnever fail to fascinate human beings.猫永远令人类感到着迷。
【知识链接】 take no interest in 对......不感兴趣;modem sculpture 现代周隹塑;example例子,样本。
6. There is no sky in June so blue that it does not point forward to a bluer.
【参考译文】六月的天空无论多蓝,都依然可以让人联想到更蓝的天空。
【结构分析】 There isno sky in June //(so bluethat itdoes not point forward to a bluer).此句的主干是第一段的there be结构,in June表示“某处”,there is表示“有”,sky表示“某物”;第二段是以blue为中心词的形容词短语,作后置定语修饰前面的sky,故此句的正 常语序是:There is no sky (so blue that it does not point forward to a bluer) in June.但这样 会破坏there be结构的严谨性,造成结构失衡;此外,本句主干部分有否定词no,后面的修饰 语中也有否定词does not,故属于双重否定情形,理解时必须注意到这一点(语气应该强调)。
【知识链接】point forward to指向,此处可引申为“令人想到”;bluer更蓝的。
7. The contemporary phenomenon of car worship is to be explained not least by the sense of independence and freedom that ownership entails.
【参考译文】当前对汽车崇拜的现象在很大程度上可以被拥有汽车所赋予的自由感加 以解释。
【结构分析】 The contemporary phenomenon (of car worship) is to be explained not least by the sense (of independence and freedom) (that ownership entails).此句的主语是 The contemporary phenomenon,谓语动词是 is,表语是不定式 to be explained,by 短语表示动作的发出者;括号中的成分皆是各自前面名词的后置定修饰语;not + leastUittle)是双重杏定 的一种形式,加强肯定的语气,再如:
last but not the least,最后但同样重要地。
【知识链接】 contemporary 当代的;phenomenon 现象;worship 崇拜;not least 相当于to a rather large extent 相当程度地;the sense of independence and freedom 独立自由感; ownership拥有;entail赋予,使成为必要。
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