Title: In Re: Standard Jury Instructions In Criminal Cases Report 2010-05 (Revised Opinion)

State: florida

Issuer: Florida Supreme Court

Document:

Supreme Court of Florida 
 
 
____________ 
 
No. SC10-2434 
____________ 
 
 
IN RE:  STANDARD JURY INSTRUCTIONS IN CRIMINAL CASES —  
REPORT 2010-05. 
 
[February 9, 2012] 
REVISED OPINION 
 
PER CURIAM. 
 
The Supreme Court Committee on Standard Jury Instructions in Criminal 
Cases (Committee) has submitted proposed changes to the standard criminal jury 
instructions.  We have jurisdiction.  See art. V, § 2(a), Fla. Const. 
 
On December 22, 2010, the Committee filed its report proposing 
amendments to the standard criminal jury instructions.1   The majority of the 
                                         
 
1.  The Committee proposes amendments to the following instructions:  
2.13 – Questions by Jurors; 3.8(a) – Evidence of Other Crimes, Wrongs, or Acts; 
6.6 – Attempted Voluntary Manslaughter; 13.3 – Trespass in a Structure or 
Conveyance; 13.4 – Trespass on Property Other than a Structure or Conveyance; 
24.6 – Prohibition of Certain Acts in Connection with Obscene Materials; 
Promoting or Performing; 25.9-25.13 – Trafficking; 28.14-28.17 – Boating Under 
the Influence; and 29.14 – Taking Deer/Wild Turkey with Gun and Light.  In 
addition, the Committee proposes three new jury instructions:  14.8 – Organized 
Fraud; 16.4(a) – Contributing to Child Dependency, Person 21 or Older 
 
 
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Committee’s proposals derive from recommendations by Committee members 
based upon changes in statutory and decisional law.2 
 
Having considered the Committee’s report, we hereby authorize the 
publication and use of the following instructions as proposed by the Committee:  
3.8(a) – Evidence of Other Crimes, Wrongs, or Acts; 13.3 – Trespass in a Structure 
or Conveyance; 16.4(a) – Contributing to Child Dependency, Person 21 or Older 
Impregnating Child Under 16; 24.6 – Prohibition of Certain Acts in Connection 
with Obscene Materials; Promoting or Performing; 28.14-28.17 – Boating Under 
the Influence; and 29.14 – Taking Deer/Wild Turkey with Gun and Light. 
 
The Court also authorizes for publication and use instruction 2.13, Questions 
by Jurors, as proposed by the Committee but with the following modification.3  
Instruction 2.13, in addition to the Committee’s proposed amendment, is further 
amended to include the following sentence: ―If your question[s] is [are] not asked, 
                                                                                                                                   
Impregnating Child Under 16; and 28.41 – Leaving the Scene of a Crash Involving 
Damage to an Attended Vehicle or Property. 
 
2.   The Court published the Committee’s proposals in the February 15, 
2011, edition of The Florida Bar News.  Two comments were received, limited to 
the Committee’s proposed amendments to the drug trafficking offenses and 
attempted manslaughter jury instructions.  On May 24, 2011, the Court severed 
those proposals from the instant case, and set up a new case for the proposed 
amendments to the drug trafficking instructions and the attempted voluntary 
manslaughter instruction, which is currently pending before the Court (Case No. 
SC11-1010). 
 
 
3.  The Court also modifies the Committee’s proposal to instruction 13.4, 
Trespass—On Property Other Than a Structure or Conveyance; the modifications 
are solely organizational. 
 
 
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you must not discuss it with other jurors or hold it against either party.‖  This 
modification to the Committee’s proposal is consistent with Florida Rule of 
Criminal Procedure 3.371, Juror Questions of Witnesses, which provides in 
pertinent part: 
(b) Procedure.  The trial judge shall utilize the following procedure if 
a juror indicates that the juror wishes to ask a question: . . . (5) the 
jury must be advised that if a question submitted by a juror is not 
allowed for any reason, the juror must not discuss it with the other 
jurors and must not hold it against either party. 
 
Fla. R. Crim. P. 3.371(b)(5). 
 
Lastly, on the Court’s own motion, instruction 3.10, Rules for Deliberation, 
is amended to also include a paragraph to be given when a juror’s question, was  
not asked of a witness.4 
 
In authorizing the publication and use of these instructions, we express no 
opinion on their correctness and remind all interested parties that this authorization 
forecloses neither requesting additional or alternative instructions nor contesting 
the legal correctness of the instructions.  We further caution all interested parties 
that any comments associated with the instructions reflect only the opinion of the 
Committee and are not necessarily indicative of the views of this Court as to their 
correctness or applicability.  New language is indicated by underlining and deleted 
                                         
 
4.  At this time we decline to authorize instruction 28.41, Leaving the Scene 
of a Crash Involving Damage to an Attended Vehicle or Property.  By separate 
letter, that proposal will be referred back to the Committee for further study.  
 
 
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language is indicated by struck-through type.  The instructions as set forth in the 
appendix shall be effective when this opinion becomes final.5 
 
It is so ordered. 
CANADY, C.J., and PARIENTE, LEWIS, QUINCE, POLSTON, LABARGA, 
and PERRY, JJ., concur. 
 
THE FILING OF A MOTION FOR REHEARING SHALL NOT ALTER THE 
EFFECTIVE DATE OF THESE AMENDMENTS. 
 
 
Original Proceeding – Supreme Court Committee on Standard Jury Instructions in 
Criminal Cases 
 
 
Judge Jacqueline Hogan Scola, Chair, Supreme Court Committee on Standard Jury 
Instructions in Criminal Cases, Eleventh Judicial Circuit, Miami, Florida, and 
Samantha Lee Ward, Past Chair, Supreme Court Committee on Standard Jury 
Instructions in Criminal Cases, Thirteenth Judicial Circuit, Tampa, Florida, 
 
 
for Petitioner 
                                         
 
5.  The amendments as reflected in the appendix are to the Criminal Jury 
Instructions as they appear on the Court’s website at www.floridasupremecourt.org 
/jury_instructions/instructions.shtml.  We recognize that there may be minor 
discrepancies between the instructions as they appear on the website and the 
published versions of the instructions.  Any discrepancies as to instructions 
authorized for publication and use after October 25, 2007, should be resolved by 
reference to the published opinion of this Court authorizing the instruction. 
 
 
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APPENDIX 
2.13  QUESTIONS BY JURORS  
 
Note to Judge. 
To be given if the Judge decides to permit jury questions.   
To be given if a juror(s) indicates that the juror wishes to ask a question:  
During the trial, you will be permitted to ask questions of witnesses in 
case you missed something, you did not understand something, or you need to 
clarify a pertinent issue. 
 
The rules of evidence apply regardless of whether a question is asked by 
the attorneys, by me or by you. Therefore, there may be a legal reason why I 
will not ask your question. If I do not ask your question, you must not hold 
that against any of the parties, you must not discuss it with the other jurors, 
and please do not take it personally.  
 
Subject to that understanding, this is how we will proceed: (Two possible 
procedures are outlined below.  Give only one.  The second alternative is designed 
to ensure anonymity). 
 
1)    When the attorneys have finished asking their questions, 
please raise your hand to get my attention.  I will give 
you time to write your question[s] on a clean piece of 
paper and give the paper to the [bailiff][court deputy].  I 
will then confer privately with the attorneys.  If I ask 
your question[s], the witness will answer and the 
attorneys may follow up if they choose.  The questioning 
of witnesses is the primary responsibility of the 
attorneys.  If your question[s] is [are] not asked, you 
must not discuss it with other jurors or hold it against 
either party.  You are not obligated to ask any questions, 
but if it will help your understanding of the case, you 
may do so. 
 
2)    When the attorneys have finished asking their questions, 
I will ask each of you to write something down on a clean 
piece of paper.  If you do not have a question, please 
write – ―no questions.‖  If you have [a] question[s], 
please write the question[s] on the paper.  Please do not 
 
 
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put your name on the paper because I do not want 
anyone to know which juror is submitting a question.  
Please then fold the paper in half and give it to the [court 
deputy][bailiff].  I will then confer privately with the 
attorneys.  If I ask the question[s], the witness will 
answer and the attorneys may follow up if they choose.  
The questioning of witnesses is the primary 
responsibility of the attorneys.  If your question[s] is 
[are] not asked, you must not discuss it with other jurors 
or hold it against either party.  You are not obligated to 
ask any questions, but if it will help your understanding 
of the case, you may do so. 
 
 
A juror has indicated that the juror wishes to ask a question of the 
witness.  After the attorneys have completed their questioning of the witness, I 
will give sufficient time for the juror to write the question on the paper which 
you have been provided, fold it and give it to the bailiff, who will pass it to me. 
Please do not show your question to anyone or discuss it with anyone.  
 
I will then review the question with the attorneys.  Under our law, only 
certain evidence may be considered by a jury in determining a verdict.  You 
are bound by the same rules of evidence and procedure that control the 
attorneys' questions.  If I decide that a question may not be asked under our 
rules of evidence or procedure, I will tell you.  Otherwise, I will direct the 
question to the witness.  The attorneys may ask follow-up questions.  
 
Comment 
 
This instruction was adopted in 2007 [SC05-1091] and amended in 2011. 
 
 
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3.8(a) EVIDENCE OF OTHER CRIMES, WRONGS, OR ACTS ―WILLIAMS 
RULE‖ 
§ 90.404(2)(a) Fla. Stat. 
 
 
To be given at the close of evidence, if applicable. 
The evidence which has been admitted to show other crimes, wrongs, or 
acts allegedly committed by the defendant will be considered by you only as 
that evidence relates to proof of [motive] [opportunity] [intent] [preparation] 
[plan] [knowledge] [identity] [the absence of mistake or accident] on the part 
of the defendant. 
 
The defendant cannot be convicted for a crime, wrong, or act that is not 
included in the [information] [indictment]. 
 
Comments 
 
See § 90.404(2)(b) Fla. Stat., effective July 1, 2001, in child molestation 
cases. 
 
This instruction was adopted in 1981 and was amended in 2000 [765 So.2d 
692], and 2007 [SC07-325, Corrected Opinion, August 30, 2007] and 2011. 
 
 
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3.10  RULES FOR DELIBERATION 
 
 
These are some general rules that apply to your discussion.  You must 
follow these rules in order to return a lawful verdict: 
 
 
1. 
You must follow the law as it is set out in these instructions. If you 
 
 
fail to follow the law, your verdict will be a miscarriage of justice.  
 
 
There is no reason for failing to follow the law in this case. All of  
 
 
us are depending upon you to make a wise and legal decision in  
 
 
this matter. 
 
 
2. 
This case must be decided only upon the evidence that you have  
 
 
heard from the testimony of the witnesses [and have seen in the  
 
 
form of the exhibits in evidence] and these instructions. 
 
 
3. 
This case must not be decided for or against anyone because you 
  
 
feel sorry for anyone, or are angry at anyone. 
 
 
4. 
Remember, the lawyers are not on trial. Your feelings about them 
 
 
should not influence your decision in this case. 
 
When the jury is to be involved in a penalty phase, omit the second sentence 
of paragraph 5. 
 
5. 
Your duty is to determine if the defendant has been proven guilty  
 
 
or not, in accord with the law. It is the judge's job to determine a  
 
 
proper sentence if the defendant is found guilty. 
 
6. 
Whatever verdict you render must be unanimous, that is, each  
 
 
juror must agree to the same verdict. 
 
 
Give 7 if applicable. 
 
7. 
It is entirely proper for a lawyer to talk to a witness about what  
 
 
testimony the witness would give if called to the courtroom. The  
 
 
witness should not be discredited by talking to a lawyer about  
 
 
[his] [her] testimony. 
 
 
Give 8 if applicable. 
 
 
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8. 
The jury is not to discuss any question[s] that [a juror] [jurors]  
 
 
wrote that was [were] not asked by the court, and must not hold  
 
 
that against either party. 
 
89. 
Your verdict should not be influenced by feelings of prejudice, 
  
bias, or sympathy. Your verdict must be based on the evidence, 
 
and on the law contained in these instructions. 
 
Comment 
 
 
This instruction was adopted in 1981 and was amended in 1995, and 
September 2005, and 2011. 
 
 
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13.3  TRESPASS—IN STRUCTURE OR CONVEYANCE 
§ 810.08, Fla. Stat. 
 
 
To prove the crime of Trespass in a [Structure] [Conveyance], the State 
must prove the following three elements beyond a reasonable doubt: 
 
Give a. for trespass and/or b. for trespass after warning to depart. 
1. a.    1.    (Defendant) [willfully [entered] or [remained in] a  
                   [structure] [conveyance]. (structure or conveyance alleged)]. 
[having been [authorized] [licensed] [invited] to [enter] 
[remain in] the (structure or conveyance alleged), willfully 
refused to depart after having been warned by [owner] 
[lessee] [(person authorized by the owner or lessee alleged)] to 
depart]. 
 
2.        2.    The [structure] [conveyance] (structure or conveyance alleged)  
                   was in the lawful possession of (person alleged). 
 
3. 
 3.    (Defendant's) [entering] [remaining in] the property was  
 
        without the permission, express or implied, of (person    
 
        alleged) or any other person authorized to give that  
 
 
 
        permission.(Defendant’s) entering or remaining in the    
 
 
        [structure] [conveyance] was without authorization, license,   
 
        or invitation by (person alleged) or any other person  
  
 
 
        authorized to give that permission.     
          
 
     b.    1.    (Defendant) had been authorized, licensed, or invited to 
                   enter or remain in a [structure] [conveyance]. 
 
 
  2.    [The owner] [The lessee] [A person authorized by the owner 
 
         or lessee] of the premises warned (defendant) to depart. 
 
     3.    (Defendant) refused to depart. 
 
 
Authority to [enter][or remain in] a [structure] or [conveyance] need 
not be given in express words.  It may be implied from the circumstances.  It 
is lawful to [enter][or remain in] a [structure] or [conveyance] of another if, 
under all the circumstances, a reasonable person would believe that [he] [she] 
had the permission of the owner or occupant. 
 
 
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Definitions.  Give as applicable. 
         § 810.08(3) Fla. Stat.  
         ―Person authorized‖ means an owner or lessee, or his or her agent, or 
any law enforcement officer whose department has received written 
authorization from the owner or lessee, or his or her agent, to communicate 
an order to depart the property in case of a threat to public safety or welfare.  
 
 
"Willfully" means intentionally, knowingly, and purposely. 
 
 
§ 810.011(1), Fla. Stat. and State v. Hamilton, 660 So. 2d 1038 (Fla. 1995). 
Give if applicable. 
 
"Structure" means any building of any kind, either temporary or 
permanent, that has a roof over it, and the enclosed space of ground and 
outbuildings immediately surrounding that structure. 
 
 
§ 810.011(3), Fla. Stat. Give if applicable. 
 
"Conveyance" means any motor vehicle, ship, vessel, railroad car, 
trailer, aircraft, or sleeping car; and to enter a conveyance includes taking 
apart any portion of the conveyance. 
 
 
Enhanced penalty. Give if applicable. 
 
The punishment provided by law for the crime of trespass in a 
[structure] [conveyance] is greater if the trespass is committed under certain 
aggravating circumstances. Therefore, if you find the defendant guilty of 
trespass in a [structure] [conveyance], you must then consider whether the 
State has further proved those circumstances. 
 
 
While armed.  
If you find the defendant guilty of trespass in a [structure] [conveyance], 
you must then determine whether the State proved beyond a reasonable doubt 
that If you find that during the trespass the defendant was armed or armed 
[himself] [herself] with a firearm or other dangerous weapon during the 
trespass. ,you should find [him] [her] guilty of trespass in a [structure] 
[conveyance] while armed. 
          
 
Human being in structure or conveyance. 
If you find the defendant guilty of [attempted] trespass in a [structure] 
[conveyance], you must then determine whether the State proved beyond a 
reasonable doubt that If you find that at the time of the trespass there was a 
 
 
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human being in the [structure] [conveyance] at the time of the [attempted] 
trespass. , you should find [him] [her] guilty of trespass in a [structure] 
[conveyance] with a human being in the [structure] [conveyance]. 
 
 
With no aggravating circumstances. 
 
If you find that the defendant committed the trespass in a [structure] 
[conveyance] without any aggravating circumstances, you should find [him] 
[her] guilty only of trespass in a [structure] [conveyance]. 
 
 
§ 790.001(6), Fla. Stat. Give if applicable. 
 
A "firearm" is legally defined as any weapon, including a starter gun, 
which will, is designed to, or may readily be converted to expel a projectile by 
the action of an explosive; the frame or receiver of any such weapon; any 
firearm muffler or firearm silencer; any destructive device; or any machine 
gun. [The term ―firearm‖ does not include an antique firearm unless the 
antique firearm is used in the commission of a crime.] (adapt from § 790.001, 
Fla.Stat., as required by the allegations).  See § 790.001(1) Fla. Stat. for the 
definition of “antique firearm” and § 790.001(4) Fla. Stat. for the definition of 
“destructive device.”  
 
 
A "dangerous weapon" is any weapon that, taking into account the 
manner in which it is used, is likely to produce death or great bodily harm. 
 
Lesser Included Offenses 
 
TRESPASS IN STRUCTURE OR CONVEYANCE — 810.08 
CATEGORY ONE 
CATEGORY TWO 
FLA. STAT. 
INS. NO. 
None 
  
  
  
  
Attempt (except refuse 
to depart) 
777.04(1) 
5.1 
 
Comment 
 
 
This instruction was adopted in 1981 and amended in 1985 [477 So. 2d 985], 
and 2011. 
 
 
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13.4  TRESPASS—ON PROPERTY OTHER THAN A 
STRUCTURE OR CONVEYANCE 
§ 810.09(1)(a)1 and 2, Fla. Stat. 
 
 
To prove the crime of Trespass on Property other than a Structure or 
Conveyance, the State must prove the following four elements beyond a 
reasonable doubt: 
 
 
1. 
(Defendant) willfully [entered] [upon or remained in] property  
 
 
other than a structure or conveyance.  (property alleged). 
 
 
2. 
The property was [owned by] [in the lawful possession of] (person  
 
 
alleged). 
 
 
3. 
Notice not to [enter upon] [remain in] that property had been 
given by: 
 
 
 
[actual communication to the defendant]. 
 
 
 
[[posting] [fencing] [cultivation] of the property]. 
 
 
 
Give one of the following paragraphs, as applicable. 
  
 
    
Give if §810.09(1)(a)1 is charged. 
Notice not to enter upon or remain in that property had been 
given by [[actual communication to the defendant] [[posting] 
[fencing] [cultivation] of the property in the manner defined in 
this instruction]]. 
 
 
    
Give if §810.09(1)(a)2 is charged.  
The property was the unenclosed curtilage of a dwelling and 
    (defendant) entered or remained with the intent to commit a crime 
thereon other than trespass.  
 
 
4. 
(Defendant's) [entering] [remaining in] the property was without 
 
the permission, express or implied, of (person alleged) or any other 
 
person authorized to give that permission.(Defendant’s) entering 
 
upon or remaining in the property was without authorization, 
 
license, or invitation from (person alleged) or any other person 
 
authorized to give that  permission. 
 
 
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Authority to [enter upon or ] [remain in] property need not be given in 
express words. It may be implied from the circumstances.  It is lawful to 
[enter upon or ] [remain in] the property of another if, under all the 
circumstances, a reasonable person would believe that [he] [she] had the 
permission of the owner or occupant. 
 
 
Definitions. 
 
§810.011(1) Fla. Stat. and State v. Hamilton, 660 So. 2d 1038 (Fla. 1995). 
 
―Structure‖ means a building of any kind, either temporary or 
permanent, which has a roof over it, and the enclosed space of ground and 
outbuildings immediately surrounding it. 
 
 
§ 810.011(3) Fla. Stat. 
 
―Conveyance‖ means any motor vehicle, ship, vessel, railroad vehicle or 
car, trailer, aircraft, or sleeping car; and ―to enter a conveyance‖ includes 
taking apart any portion of the conveyance. 
 
 
§ 810.09(3) Fla. Stat. 
 
―Person authorized‖ means any owner, his or her agent, or a 
community association authorized as an agent for the owner, or any law 
enforcement officer whose department has received written authorization 
from the owner, his or her agent, or a community association authorized as an 
agent for the owner, to communicate an order to leave the property in the case 
of a threat to public safety or welfare. 
 
           § 810.09(1)(b)  Fla. Stat. 
           ―Unenclosed curtilage of a dwelling‖ means the unenclosed land or 
grounds, and any outbuildings, that are directly and intimately adjacent to 
and connected with the dwelling and necessary, convenient, and habitually 
used in connection with that dwelling. 
 
 
 § 810.011(2)  Fla. Stat. 
          ―Dwelling‖ means a building or conveyance of any kind, including any 
attached porch, whether such building or conveyance is temporary or 
permanent, mobile or immobile, which has a roof over it and is designed to be 
occupied by people lodging therein at night. 
 
 
"Willfully" means intentionally, knowingly, and purposely. 
 
 
 
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§ 810.011(5)(a)1. and (b), Fla._Stat. Give if applicable. 
 
Notice not to enter upon property may be given by posting The phrase 
"posted land" is legally defined as land upon which signs are placed not more 
than 500 feet apart along and at each corner of the property's boundaries. 
The signs themselves must prominently state, in letters not less than two 
inches high, the words "No Trespassing." The signs also must state, with 
smaller letters being acceptable, the name of the owner or lessee or occupant 
of the land. The signs must be placed so as to be clearly noticeable from 
outside the boundary lines and corners of the property. [If the property is less 
than five acres in area, and a dwelling house is located on it, it should be 
treated as posted land even though no signs have been erected.] 
 
 
§ 810.011(6), Fla._Stat. Give if applicable. 
 
Notice not to enter property may be given by cultivation of the property. 
The phrase "Cultivated land" is legally defined as land that has been cleared 
of its natural vegetation, and at the time of the trespass was planted with 
trees, a crop, an orchard or a grove, or was a pasture. [Fallow land, left that 
way as part of a crop rotation, would is also be "cultivated land."] 
 
 
§ 810.011(7), Fla._Stat. Give if applicable. 
 
Notice not to enter property may be given by fencing the property. The 
phrase "Fenced land" is legally defined as land that has been enclosed by a 
fence of substantial construction. The fence may be made from rails, logs, 
posts and railings, iron, steel, barbed wire or other wire or material. The fence 
must stand at least three feet high. [If a part of the boundary of a piece of 
property is formed by water, that part should be treated as legally fenced 
land.] 
 
 
Give if applicable. 
 
When every part of property is either posted or cultivated or fenced, the 
entire property is considered as enclosed and posted land. 
 
 
Enhanced penalty. Give if applicable. 
 
The punishment provided by law for trespass on property other than a 
structure or conveyance is greater if the defendant was armed with a firearm 
or other dangerous weapon. Therefore, if If you find the defendant guilty of 
trespass on property other than a structure or conveyance, you must then 
determine whether the State proved beyond a reasonable doubt that and you 
further find that the defendant was armed with a firearm or other dangerous 
 
 
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weapon during the trespass., you should find [him] [her] guilty of trespass on 
property other than a structure or conveyance while armed. 
 
 
With no firearm or dangerous weapon. 
If you find that the defendant carried no firearm or other dangerous 
weapon but did commit the trespass, you should find [him] [her] guilty only of 
trespass on property other than a structure or conveyance. 
 
 
§ 790.001(6), Fla._Stat. Give if applicable. 
 
A "firearm" is legally defined as any weapon [including a starter gun] 
which will, is designed to, or may readily be converted to expel a projectile by 
the action of an explosive; the frame or receiver of any such weapon; any 
firearm muffler or firearm silencer; any destructive device; or any machine 
gun. [The term ―firearm‖ does not include an antique firearm unless the 
antique firearm is used in the commission of a crime.] (adapt from § 790.001, 
Fla.Stat., as required by the allegations). 
See § 790.001(1), Fla. Stat. for the definition of “antique firearm”and 
§ 790.001(4), Fla. Stat. for the definition of “destructive device.”  
   
 
A "dangerous weapon" is any weapon that, taking into account the 
manner in which it is used, is likely to produce death or great bodily harm. 
 
Lesser Included Offenses 
 
TRESPASS ON PROPERTY OTHER THAN STRUCTURE OR 
CONVEYANCE — 810.09(1)(a) 
CATEGORY ONE 
CATEGORY TWO 
FLA. STAT. 
INS. NO. 
None 
 
 
 
 
Attempt 
777.04(1) 
5.1 
 
Comment 
 
 
This instruction was adopted in 1981 and amended in 1985 and 2011. 
 
 
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14.8  ORGANIZED FRAUD 
817.034(4)(a)1,2,3 Fla. Stat. 
 
 
To prove the crime of Organized Fraud, the State must prove the 
following two elements beyond a reasonable doubt: 
 
 
 
1.  
(Defendant) engaged in a scheme to defraud. 
 
 
2.  
(Defendant) thereby obtained [property] [(specify property if  
 
alleged in the information)].  
 
 
Degrees.  Give as applicable. 
If you find the defendant guilty of Organized Fraud, you must also 
determine if the State has proved beyond a reasonable doubt whether: 
 
 
a. 
The aggregate value of the property obtained was $50,000   
 
 
or more; 
 
 
b. 
The aggregate value of the property obtained was $20,000 or 
 
more but less than $50,000; 
 
 
c. 
The aggregate value of the property obtained was less than   
 
 
$20,000. 
 
 
Definitions.  Give if applicable. 
 
"Scheme to Defraud" means a systematic, ongoing course of conduct 
with intent to defraud one or more persons, or with intent to obtain property 
from one or more persons by false or fraudulent pretenses, representations, or 
promises or willful misrepresentations of a future act.   
 
 
"Obtain" means to temporarily or permanently deprive any person of 
the right to property or a benefit therefrom, or to appropriate the property to 
one's own use or to the use of any other person not entitled thereto. 
 
 
"Property" means anything of value, and includes:  
 
1.  Real property, including things growing on, affixed to, or found in  
 
     land;  
 
2.  Tangible or intangible personal property, including rights, privileges,      
 
 
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interests, and claims; and  
 
3.  Services.  
 
 
"Value" means value determined according to any of the following: The 
market value of the property at the time and place of the offense, or, if such 
cannot be satisfactorily ascertained, the cost of replacement of the property 
within a reasonable time after the offense.  
 
If the exact value cannot be determined, you should attempt to 
determine a minimum value. If the minimum value of the property cannot be 
determined, you must find the value is less than $20,000.  
 
Note to Judge.  If the property obtained is a written instrument or trade 
secret that does not have a readily ascertainable market value, give the definition 
of “value” in s. 817.034(3)(e)1.b or1.c. 
 
 
"Willful‖ means intentional, purposeful, and with knowledge. 
 
Lesser Included Offenses 
  
ORGANIZED FRAUD 
817.034(4)(a)1,2,3 Fla. Stat.  
CATEGORY ONE 
CATEGORY TWO 
FLA. STAT. 
INS. NO. 
Grand theft –second 
degree 
 
812.014(2)(b)
1 
14.1 
Grand theft – third 
degree  
 
812.014(2)(c)
1, 2, 3 
14.1 
Petit theft – first degree 
 
812.014(2)(e) 14.1 
Petit theft – second 
degree 
 
812.014(3)(a) 14.1 
 
Comment 
 
 
This instruction was adopted in 2011. 
 
 
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16.4(a) CONTRIBUTING TO CHILD DEPENDENCY,  
PERSON 21 OR OLDER IMPREGNATING CHILD UNDER 16 
§ 827.04(3), Fla.Stat. 
 
 
To prove the crime of Contributing to Child Dependency, the State 
must prove the following three elements beyond a reasonable doubt: 
 
1.        (Defendant) impregnated (victim). 
 
2. 
At the time, (defendant) was 21 years of age or older. 
 
3. 
At the time, (victim) was a child under the age of 16 years. 
 
 
 
Neither the victim’s lack of chastity nor the victim’s consent is a defense 
to this offense. 
 
Lesser Included Offenses 
 
 
No lesser included offenses have been identified for this offense. 
 
Comment 
 
 
This instruction was adopted in 2011. 
 
 
- 20 - 
24.6  PROHIBITION OF CERTAIN ACTS IN CONNECTION WITH 
OBSCENE MATERIALS — PROMOTING OR PERFORMING 
§ 847.011(4), Fla.Stat. 
 
 
To prove the crime of (crime charged), the State must prove the 
following three elements beyond a reasonable doubt: 
 
1. 
(Defendant) knowingly promoted, conducted, performed, or 
participated in an obscene, lewd, lascivious, or indecent show, 
exhibition, or performance by live persons or a live person before 
an audience. 
 
2. 
The material charged in this case is obscene.  In order for such 
material to be legally obscene, each of the following facts must be 
found: 
 
a. The average person applying contemporary community 
standards of ______________ County, Florida, would find that 
the material, taken as a whole, appeals to the prurient interest. 
 
b. The material depicts or describes sexual conduct in a patently 
offensive way. 
 
c. The material, taken as a whole, lacks serious literary, artistic, 
political, or scientific value. 
 
3. 
The defendant had knowledge of the nature, character or content 
of the materials. 
 
 
Definitions. 
 
Prurient Interest 
 
A "prurient interest" in sex is a shameful or morbid interest in sex, 
nudity, or excretion.  Material does not appeal to a prurient interest if the 
average person today can view the material candidly, openly, and with a 
normal interest in sex. 
 
 
Patently Offensive Obscene.  
 
In order to be obscene, the dominant theme of the material must depict 
or describe sexual conduct in a patently offensive way, that is, it must do so in 
a way that offends the contemporary community standards of __________ 
 
 
- 21 - 
County.  Not all descriptions or depictions of sexual conduct goes substantially 
beyond customary community standards of decency for it to be patently 
offensive.  You must determine the collective view of the community in 
evaluating this element of the offense. 
 
 
In order for you to find that this material is obscene, you must also find 
that, taken as a whole, it lacks serious literary, artistic, political, or scientific 
value.  If the material has such value, it is not obscene even if it appeals to the 
prurient interest in sex, and even if it depicts or describes sexual conduct in a 
patently offensive way.  In judging whether the value is serious, you should 
consider the intent of the material.  If it is a serious literary or artistic effort, 
or if it attempts to convey scientific information, or a political point of view, it 
cannot be obscene.  If the primary intent is to appeal to the prurient interest, 
then the mere insertion of literary, artistic, political, or scientific materials 
irrelevant to the predominant theme will not prevent you from determining 
that the material is obscene.  Sex can be a legitimate subject for literature, art, 
scientific inquiry, or political argument, and such serious treatments of sex, 
even if appealing to the prurient interest and patently offensive, cannot be 
obscene. 
 
 
Prurient Interest. 
 
A "prurient interest" in sex is a shameful or morbid interest in sex, 
nudity, or excretion.  Material does not appeal to a prurient interest if the 
average person today can view the material candidly, openly, and with a 
normal interest in sex. 
 
 
Optional Definition. 
 
"Morbid interest" means diseased, dwelling on the gruesome, or sick. 
 
Lesser Included Offenses 
 
 
No lesser included offenses have been identified for this offense. 
 
Comment 
 
 
This instruction was adopted in 1981 and amended in 2011. 
 
 
- 22 - 
28.14  BOATING UNDER THE INFLUENCE 
§ 327.35(1), Fla. Stat. 
 
 
To prove the crime of Boating under the Influence, the State must prove 
the following two elements beyond a reasonable doubt: 
 
 
1. 
(Defendant) operated a vessel. 
 
 
2. 
While operating the vessel, (defendant) 
 
 
Give 2a or b or both as applicable. 
 
a. 
was under the influence of [alcoholic beverages][a chemical  
 
 
substance] [a controlled substance] to the extent that [his]  
 
 
[her] normal faculties were impaired. 
 
b. 
had a [blood] [breath]-alcohol level of .08 or more grams of 
alcohol per [100 milliliters of blood] [210 liters of breath]. 
 
Give if applicable. 
If you find the defendant guilty of Boating under the Influence, you 
must also determine whether the State has proven beyond a reasonable doubt 
whether: 
 
a. 
the defendant had a [blood] [breath]-alcohol level of .2015 
or higher while operating the vessel. 
 
 
b. 
the defendant was accompanied in the vessel by a person  
 
 
under the age of 18 years at the time of the boating under  
 
 
 
the influence. 
 
 
Definitions. Give as applicable. 
 
―Vessel‖ means a boat that is subject to a license tax for operation and 
includes every description of watercraft, barge, and airboat, other than a 
seaplane, on the water used or capable of being used as a means of 
transportation on water. 
 
 
―Normal faculties‖ include but are not limited to the ability to see, hear, 
walk, talk, judge distances, operate a vessel, make judgments, act in 
emergencies and, in general, to normally perform the many mental and 
physical acts of our daily lives. 
 
 
- 23 - 
 
 
―Operate‖ means to be in charge of or in command of or in actual 
physical control of a vessel upon the waters of this state, or to exercise control 
over or to have responsibility for a vessel’s navigation or safety while the 
vessel is underway upon the waters of this state, or to control or steer a vessel 
being towed by another vessel upon the waters of the state. 
 
 
―Alcoholic beverages‖ are considered to be substances of any kind and 
description which contain alcohol. 
 
( 
 
) is a controlled substance under Florida law.  Ch. 893, Fla. 
Stat. 
 
 
( 
 
) is a chemical substance under Florida law.  § 877.111(1), 
Fla. Stat. 
 
 
When appropriate, give one or more of the following instructions on the 
“presumptions of impairment” established by § 327.354(2)(a), (2)(b), and (2)(c), 
Fla. Stat. 
 
 
1. 
If you find from the evidence that while operating or 
in actual physical control of the vessel, the defendant had a 
[blood] [breath]-alcohol level of .05 or less, you shall presume that 
the defendant was not under the influence of alcoholic beverages 
to the extent that [his] [her] normal faculties were impaired; but 
this presumption may be overcome by other evidence 
demonstrating that the defendant was under the influence of 
alcoholic beverages to the extent that [his] [her] normal faculties 
were impaired. 
 
 
2. 
If you find from the evidence that while operating or 
in actual physical control of the vessel, the defendant had a 
[blood] [breath]-alcohol level in excess of .05 but less than .08, that 
fact does not give rise to any presumption that the defendant was 
or was not under the influence of alcoholic beverages to the extent 
that [his] [her] normal faculties were impaired.  In such cases, you 
may consider that evidence along with other evidence in 
determining whether the defendant was under the influence of 
alcoholic beverages to the extent that [his] [her] normal faculties 
were impaired. 
 
 
- 24 - 
 
 
3. 
If you find from the evidence that while operating or 
in actual physical control of the vessel, the defendant had a 
[blood] [breath]-alcohol level of .08 or more, that evidence would 
be sufficient by itself to establish that the defendant was under the 
influence of alcoholic beverages to the extent that [his] [her] 
normal faculties were impaired. But this evidence may be 
contradicted or rebutted by other evidence demonstrating that the 
defendant was not under the influence of alcoholic beverages to 
the extent that [his] [her] normal faculties were impaired. 
 
 
Defense of inoperability; give if applicable. 
 
It is a defense to the charge of Boating under the Influence if the vessel 
was inoperable at the time of the alleged offense, unless the defendant was 
controlling or steering the vessel while it was being towed by another vessel 
upon the waters of the state.  However, it is not a defense if the defendant was 
boating under the influence before the vessel became inoperable.  
 
Lesser Included Offenses 
 
BOATING UNDER THE INFLUENCE — 327.35(1) 
CATEGORY ONE 
CATEGORY TWO 
FLA. STAT. 
INS. NO. 
None 
 
 
 
 
Attempt 
777.04(1) 
5.1 
 
Comment 
 
 
This instruction was adopted in 2009 and amended in 2011. 
 
 
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28.15  BOATING UNDER THE INFLUENCE CAUSING 
PROPERTY DAMAGE OR INJURY 
§ 327.35(3)(a)(b)(c)1, Fla. Stat. 
 
 
To prove the crime of Boating under the Influence Causing [Property 
Damage] [Injury], the State must prove the following three elements beyond a 
reasonable doubt: 
 
 
1. 
(Defendant) operated a vessel. 
 
 
2. 
While operating the vessel, (defendant) 
 
 
Give 2a or b or both as applicable. 
 
a. 
was under the influence of [alcoholic beverages] 
 
 
[a chemical substance] [a controlled substance] to the 
extent that [his] [her] normal faculties were impaired. 
 
b. 
had a [blood] [breath]-alcohol level of .08 or more grams of  
alcohol per [100 milliliters of blood] [210 liters of breath]. 
 
 
3. 
As a result of operating the vessel, (defendant) caused or  
 
 
contributed to causing [damage to the property of (victim)]   
 
 
[injury to the person of (victim)]. 
 
Give if applicable. 
If you find the defendant guilty of Boating under the Influence 
Causing [Property Damage] [Injury], you must also determine whether 
the State has proven beyond a reasonable doubt whether: 
 
a. 
the defendant had a [blood] [breath]-alcohol level of .2015 
or higher while operating the vessel. 
 
b. 
the defendant was accompanied in the vessel by a person 
under the age of 18 years at the time of the boating under 
the influence. 
 
 
Definitions. Give as applicable. 
 
―Vessel‖ means a boat that is subject to a license tax for operation and 
includes every description of watercraft, barge, and airboat, other than a 
 
 
- 26 - 
seaplane, on the water used or capable of being used as a means of 
transportation on water. 
 
 
―Normal faculties‖ include but are not limited to the ability to see, hear, 
walk, talk, judge distances, operate a vessel, make judgments, act in 
emergencies and, in general, to normally perform the many mental and 
physical acts of our daily lives. 
 
 
―Operate‖ means to be in charge of or in command of or in actual 
physical control of a vessel upon the waters of this state, or to exercise control 
over or to have responsibility for a vessel’s navigation or safety while the 
vessel is underway upon the waters of this state, or to control or steer a vessel 
being towed by another vessel upon the waters of the state. 
 
 
―Alcoholic beverages‖ are considered to be substances of any kind and 
description which contain alcohol. 
 
( 
 
) is a controlled substance under Florida law.  Ch. 893, Fla. 
Stat. 
 
 
( 
 
) is a chemical substance under Florida law.  § 877.111(1), 
Fla. Stat. 
 
 
When appropriate, give one or more of the following instructions on the 
“presumptions of impairment” established by § 327.354(2)(a), (2)(b), and (2)(c), 
Fla. Stat. 
 
 
1. 
If you find from the evidence that while operating or 
in actual physical control of the vessel, the defendant had a 
[blood] [breath]-alcohol level of .05 or less, you shall presume that 
the defendant was not under the influence of alcoholic beverages 
to the extent that [his] [her] normal faculties were impaired; but 
this presumption may be overcome by other evidence 
demonstrating that the defendant was under the influence of 
alcoholic beverages to the extent that [his] [her] normal faculties 
were impaired. 
 
 
2. 
If you find from the evidence that while operating or 
in actual physical control of the vessel, the defendant had a 
[blood] [breath]-alcohol level in excess of .05 but less than .08, that 
 
 
- 27 - 
fact does not give rise to any presumption that the defendant was 
or was not under the influence of alcoholic beverages to the extent 
that [his] [her] normal faculties were impaired. In such cases, you 
may consider that evidence along with other evidence in 
determining whether the defendant was under the influence of 
alcoholic beverages to the extent that [his] [her] normal faculties 
were impaired. 
 
 
3. 
If you find from the evidence that while operating or 
in actual physical control of the vessel, the defendant had a 
[blood] [breath]-alcohol level of .08 or more, that evidence would 
be sufficient by itself to establish that the defendant was under the 
influence of alcoholic beverages to the extent that [his] [her] 
normal faculties were impaired.  But this evidence may be 
contradicted or rebutted by other evidence demonstrating that the 
defendant was not under the influence of alcoholic beverages to 
the extent that [his] [her] normal faculties were impaired. 
 
 
Defense of inoperability; give if applicable. 
 
It is a defense to the charge of Boating under the Influence Causing 
[Property Damage] [Injury] if the vessel was inoperable at the time of the 
alleged offense, unless the defendant was controlling or steering the vessel 
while it was being towed by another vessel upon the waters of the state. 
However, it is not a defense if the defendant was boating under the influence 
before the vessel became inoperable.  
 
Lesser Included Offenses 
 
BOATING UNDER THE INFLUENCE CAUSING PROPERTY 
DAMAGE OR INJURY - 327.35(3)(a)(b)(c)1 
CATEGORY ONE 
CATEGORY TWO 
FLA. STAT. 
INS. NO. 
Boating under the 
Influence 
 
327.35(1) 
28.14 
 
Attempt 
777.04(1) 
5.1 
 
Comment 
 
This instruction was adopted in 2009 and amended in 2011. 
 
 
- 28 - 
28.16  FELONY BOATING UNDER THE INFLUENCE 
§ 327.35(2)(b)1 or § 327.35(2)(b)3, Fla. Stat. 
 
 
To prove the crime of Boating under the Influence, the State must prove 
the following two elements beyond a reasonable doubt: 
 
 
1. 
(Defendant) operated a vessel. 
 
 
2. 
While operating the vessel, (defendant) 
 
 
Give 2a or b or both as applicable. 
 
a. 
 was under the influence of [alcoholic beverages] 
 
 
[a chemical substance] [a controlled substance] to the 
 
 
extent that [his] [her] normal faculties were impaired. 
 
 
b. 
had a [blood] [breath]-alcohol level of .08 or more grams of 
 
 
alcohol per [100 milliliters of blood] [210 liters of breath]. 
 
Give if applicable. 
If you find the defendant guilty of Boating under the Influence, you 
must also determine whether the State has proven beyond a reasonable doubt 
whether: 
 
a. 
 the defendant had a [blood] [breath]-alcohol level of .2015 
or higher while operating the vessel. 
 
b. 
the defendant was accompanied in the vessel by a person 
under the age of 18 years at the time of the boating under 
the influence. 
 
 
Definitions. Give as applicable. 
 
―Vessel‖ means a boat that is subject to a license tax for operation and 
includes every description of watercraft, barge, and airboat, other than a 
seaplane, on the water used or capable of being used as a means of 
transportation on water. 
 
 
―Normal faculties‖ include but are not limited to the ability to see, hear, 
walk, talk, judge distances, operate a vessel, make judgments, act in 
emergencies and, in general, to normally perform the many mental and 
physical acts of our daily lives. 
 
 
- 29 - 
 
 
―Operate‖ means to be in charge of or in command of or in actual 
physical control of a vessel upon the waters of this state, or to exercise control 
over or to have responsibility for a vessel’s navigation or safety while the 
vessel is underway upon the waters of this state, or to control or steer a vessel 
being towed by another vessel upon the waters of the state. 
 
 
―Alcoholic beverages‖ are considered to be substances of any kind and 
description which contain alcohol. 
 
( 
 
) is a controlled substance under Florida law.  Ch. 893, Fla. 
Stat. 
 
 
( 
 
) is a chemical substance under Florida law.  § 877.111(1), 
Fla. Stat. 
 
 
When appropriate, give one or more of the following instructions on the 
“presumptions of impairment” established by § 327.354(2)(a), (2)(b), and (2)(c), 
Fla. Stat. 
 
 
1. 
If you find from the evidence that while operating or 
in actual physical control of the vessel, the defendant had a 
[blood] [breath]-alcohol level of .05 or less, you shall presume that 
the defendant was not under the influence of alcoholic beverages 
to the extent that [his] [her] normal faculties were impaired; but 
this presumption may be overcome by other evidence 
demonstrating that the defendant was under the influence of 
alcoholic beverages to the extent that [his] [her] normal faculties 
were impaired. 
 
 
2. 
If you find from the evidence that while operating or 
in actual physical control of the vessel, the defendant had a 
[blood] [breath]-alcohol level in excess of .05 but less than .08, that 
fact does not give rise to any presumption that the defendant was 
or was not under the influence of alcoholic beverages to the extent 
that [his] [her] normal faculties were impaired.  In such cases, you 
may consider that evidence along with other evidence in 
determining whether the defendant was under the influence of 
alcoholic beverages to the extent that [his] [her] normal faculties 
were impaired. 
 
 
- 30 - 
 
 
3. 
If you find from the evidence that while operating or 
in actual physical control of the vessel, the defendant had a 
[blood] [breath]-alcohol level of .08 or more, that evidence would 
be sufficient by itself to establish that the defendant was under the 
influence of alcoholic beverages to the extent that [his] [her] 
normal faculties were impaired. But this evidence may be 
contradicted or rebutted by other evidence demonstrating that the 
defendant was not under the influence of alcoholic beverages to 
the extent that [his] [her] normal faculties were impaired. 
 
 
Defense of inoperability; give if applicable. 
 
It is a defense to the charge of Boating under the Influence if the vessel 
was inoperable at the time of the alleged offense, unless the defendant was 
controlling or steering the vessel while it was being towed by another vessel 
upon the waters of the state.  However, it is not a defense if the defendant was 
boating under the influence before the vessel became inoperable.  
 
 
Give as applicable if the jury finds the defendant is guilty of Boating Under 
the Influence.  Note: A Driving Under the Influence conviction, whether in Florida 
or out-of-state, counts as a prior conviction. See §327.35(6)(i), Fla. Stat.  See State 
v. Harbaugh, 754 So. 2d 691 (Fla. 2000). 
 
Since you have found the defendant guilty of Boating under the 
Influence, you must now determine whether the State has proven beyond a 
reasonable doubt whether: 
 
 
a. 
the defendant was previously convicted two times of  
 
 
 
Boating under the Influence and one of the prior Boating  
 
 
 
under the Influence convictions took place within 10 years 
 
 
 
of the Boating under the Influence that you found the 
 
 
 
defendant committed.  
 
b. 
the defendant was previously convicted three times of 
  
Boating under the Influence.  
 
 
 
- 31 - 
Lesser Included Offenses 
 
FELONY BOATING UNDER THE INFLUENCE — 
PRIOR CONVICTIONS - 327.35(2)(b)1 or 327.35(2)(b)3 
CATEGORY 
ONE 
CATEGORY 
TWO 
FLA. STAT. 
INS. NO. 
Boating under 
the influence 
 
327.35(1) 
28.14 
 
Attempt 
777.04(1) 
5.1 
 
Boating under 
the influence 
causing property 
damage or injury 
327.35(3)(a)(b)(c)1 28.15 
 
Comment 
 
 
This instruction should be used for Felony Boating under the Influence 
based on prior convictions. For Felony Boating under the Influence based on prior 
convictions, it is error to inform the jury of prior Boating or Driving under the 
Influence convictions before the verdict is rendered.  Therefore, if the information 
or indictment contains an allegation of prior Boating or Driving under the 
Influence convictions, do not read that allegation and do not send the information 
or indictment into the jury room.  If the defendant is found guilty of Boating under 
the Influence, the historical fact of prior convictions shall be determined separately 
by the jury in a bifurcated proceeding.  See State v. Harbaugh, 754 So. 2d 691 
(Fla. 2000). 
 
 
This instruction was adopted in 2009 and amended in 2011. 
 
 
- 32 - 
28.17 BOATING UNDER THE INFLUENCE  
CAUSING SERIOUS BODILY INJURY 
§ 327.35(3)(a)(b)(c)2, Fla. Stat. 
 
 
To prove the crime of Boating under the Influence Causing Serious 
Bodily Injury, the State must prove the following three elements beyond a 
reasonable doubt: 
 
 
1. 
(Defendant) operated a vessel. 
 
 
2. 
While operating the vessel, (defendant) 
 
 
Give 2a or 2b or both as applicable. 
 
a. 
 was under the influence of [alcoholic beverages] 
 
 
[a chemical substance] [a controlled substance] to the 
 
 
extent that [his] [her] normal faculties were impaired. 
 
b. 
had a [blood] [breath]-alcohol level of .08 or more grams of 
alcohol per [100 milliliters of blood] [210 liters of breath]. 
 
 
3. 
As a result of operating the vessel, (defendant) caused or  
 
 
 
contributed to causing serious bodily injury to (victim). 
 
Give if applicable. 
If you find the defendant guilty of Boating under the Influence Causing 
Serious Bodily Injury, you must also determine whether the State has proven 
beyond a reasonable doubt whether: 
 
 
 
 
a. 
the defendant had a [blood] [breath]-alcohol level of .2015  
 
 
 
or higher while operating the vessel. 
  
 
b. 
the defendant was accompanied in the vessel by a person 
 
 
 
under the age of 18 years at the time of the boating under  
 
 
 
the influence. 
 
 
Definitions. Give as applicable. 
 
―Vessel‖ means a boat that is subject to a license tax for operation and 
includes every description of watercraft, barge, and airboat, other than a 
seaplane, on the water used or capable of being used as a means of 
transportation on water. 
 
 
- 33 - 
 
 
―Normal faculties‖ include but are not limited to the ability to see, hear, 
walk, talk, judge distances, operate a vessel, make judgments, act in 
emergencies and, in general, to normally perform the many mental and 
physical acts of our daily lives. 
 
 
―Operate‖ means to be in charge of or in command of or in actual 
physical control of a vessel upon the waters of this state, or to exercise control 
over or to have responsibility for a vessel’s navigation or safety while the 
vessel is underway upon the waters of this state, or to control or steer a vessel 
being towed by another vessel upon the waters of the state. 
 
 
―Alcoholic beverages‖ are considered to be substances of any kind and 
description which contain alcohol. 
 
( 
 
) is a controlled substance under Florida law.  Ch. 893, Fla. 
Stat. 
 
 
( 
 
) is a chemical substance under Florida law.  § 877.111(1), 
Fla. Stat. 
 
 
―Serious bodily injury‖ means a physical condition that creates a 
substantial risk of death, serious personal disfigurement, or protracted loss or 
impairment of the function of any bodily member or organ. 
 
 
When appropriate, give one or more of the following instructions on the 
“presumptions of impairment” established by § 327.354(2)(a), (2)(b), and (2)(c), 
Fla. Stat. 
 
 
1. 
If you find from the evidence that while operating the 
vessel, the defendant had a [blood] [breath]-alcohol level of .05 or 
less, you shall presume that the defendant was not under the 
influence of alcoholic beverages to the extent that [his] [her] 
normal faculties were impaired; but this presumption may be 
overcome by other evidence demonstrating that the defendant was 
under the influence of alcoholic beverages to the extent that [his] 
[her] normal faculties were impaired. 
 
 
2. 
If you find from the evidence that while operating or 
in actual physical control of the vessel, the defendant had a 
 
 
- 34 - 
[blood] [breath]-alcohol level in excess of .05 but less than .08, that 
fact does not give rise to any presumption that the defendant was 
or was not under the influence of alcoholic beverages to the extent 
that [his] [her] normal faculties were impaired.  In such cases, you 
may consider that evidence along with other evidence in 
determining whether the defendant was under the influence of 
alcoholic beverages to the extent that [his] [her] normal faculties 
were impaired. 
 
 
3. 
If you find from the evidence that while operating or 
in actual physical control of the vessel, the defendant had a 
[blood] [breath]-alcohol level of .08 or more, that evidence would 
be sufficient by itself to establish that the defendant was under the 
influence of alcoholic beverages to the extent that [his] [her] 
normal faculties were impaired. But this evidence may be 
contradicted or rebutted by other evidence demonstrating that the 
defendant was not under the influence of alcoholic beverages to 
the extent that [his] [her] normal faculties were impaired. 
 
 
Defense of inoperability; give if applicable. 
 
It is a defense to the charge of Boating under the Influence Causing 
Serious Bodily Injury if the vessel was inoperable at the time of the alleged 
offense, unless the defendant was controlling or steering the vessel while it was 
being towed by another vessel upon the waters of the state.  However, it is not 
a defense if the defendant was boating under the influence before the vessel 
became inoperable.  
 
Lesser Included Offenses 
 
BOATING UNDER THE INFLUENCE CAUSING 
SERIOUS BODILY INJURY — 327.35(3)(a)(b)(c)2 
CATEGORY 
ONE 
CATEGORY 
TWO 
FLA. STAT. 
INS. NO. 
Boating under the 
Influence 
Causing Injury 
 
327.35(3)(a)(b)(c)1 28.15 
Boating under the 
influence  
 
327.35(1) 
28.14 
 
Attempt 
777.04(1) 
5.1 
 
 
- 35 - 
 
 
Boating under 
the influence 
causing property 
damage 
327.35(3)(a)(b)(c)1 28.154 
 
 
Comment 
 
 
This instruction was adopted in 2009 and amended in 2011. 
 
 
- 36 - 
29.14 TAKING DEER/WILD TURKEY WITH GUN AND LIGHT 
§ 372.99(1)9.404(1), Fla. Stat. 
 
 
To prove the crime of Taking [Deer] [Wild Turkey] with Gun and 
Light, the State must prove the following two elements beyond a reasonable 
doubt: 
 
 
1. 
(Defendant) did take any [deer] [wild turkey]. 
 
 
2. 
(Defendant) used a gun and light in such taking. 
 
 
Definitions. 
 
Take § 372.001(17)9.101(38), Fla. Stat. 
 
"Take" shall include taking, attempting to take, pursuing, hunting, 
molesting, capturing, or killing any [deer] [wild turkey, or their nests or eggs], 
by any means, whether or not such actions result in obtaining possession of 
such [deer] [wild turkey or their nests or eggs]. 
 
 
Gun: Fla. Admin. Code 68A-1.004(39) 
 
"Gun" means a shotgun, rifle, pistol, revolver, air gun, gas gun, blow 
gun, bow, crossbow, or any other device mechanically propelling an arrow, 
spear, or other projectile. 
 
 
Light: Fla. Admin. Code 68A-1.004(41) 
 
"Light" means any artificial light. 
 
 
"Possession" means any one of the following: 
 
1. 
Manual possession 
 
2. 
Physical possession 
 
3. 
Control or custody 
 
4. 
Possession in one's clothing, attire, or equipment 
 
5. 
Possession in or about a vessel, vehicle, or beast of burden 
under one's custody or control, including but not limited to 
compartments, drawers, pockets, trunks, and similar places 
in and about such vessel, vehicle, or beast of burden. 
 
 
- 37 - 
 
 
§ 372.99(2), Fla.Stat. 
 
If you find from the evidence that the defendant displayed or used a 
light in a place where [deer] [wild turkey] might be found and in a manner 
capable of disclosing the presence of [deer] [wild turkey], and that the 
defendant possessed a firearm or other weapon customarily used for the 
taking of [deer] [wild turkey], between one hour after sunset and one hour 
before sunrise, then this would be sufficient by itself to establish that the 
defendant was taking or attempting to take [deer] [wild turkey] by use of a 
gun and light.  However, such evidence may be contradicted or rebutted by 
other evidence. 
 
Lesser Included Offenses 
 
 
No lesser included offenses have been identified for this offense. 
 
Comment 
 
 
This instruction was adopted in March 2000 and amended in 2011.