Title: IN RE MCNAIR

State: montana

Issuer: Montana Supreme Court

Document:

No. 80-77 I N THE SUPrnMF, COURT O F THE STATE O F MONTANA 1980 I N RE WILLIAM E. McNAIR ORIGINAL PROCEEDING : Counsel of Record: For P e t i t i o n e r : W i l l i a m E. McNair, Pro Se, Deer Lodge, Montana For Respondent : Hon. Mike Greely, Attorney General, Helena, Montana 3 . Fred Bourdeau, County Attorney, G r e a t F a l l s , Montana Michael G. Barer, Deputy County Attorney, Great F a l l s , Montana Submitted on b r i e f s : April 15, 1980 Decided : uu6 2 5 1880 " I h I 4k.t - 1 : - t 0 Filed: M r . C h i e f J u s t i c e F r a n k I. H a s w e l l d e l i v e r e d t h e O p i n i o n o f t h e C o u r t . W i l l i a m M c N a i r p e t i t i o n e d t h i s C o u r t i n an o r i g i n a l p r o - c e e d i n g t o v a c a t e , s e t a s i d e , o r c o r r e c t a s e n t e n c e imposed upon h i m b y t h e D i s t r i c t C o u r t , Cascade C o u n t y . He b r o u g h t h i s p e t i - t i o n p u r s u a n t t o s e c t i o n 46-21-101, e t seq., MCA, a l l e g i n g t h a t h e d i d n o t v o l u n t a r i l y and i n t e l l i g e n t l y e n t e r a g u i l t y p l e a , and t h a t he was d e n i e d e f f e c t i v e a s s i s t a n c e o f c o u n s e l b e c a u s e coun- s e l d i d n o t d i s c u s s w i t h h i m t h e p o s s i b i l i t y o f t h e d e f e n s e o f m e n t a l d e f e c t o r d i s e a s e . W e f i n d t h a t u n d e r t h e f a c t s o f t h i s c a s e , p e t i t i o n e r i s n o t e n t i t l e d t o r e l i e f . On J u n e 23, 1 9 7 1 , p e t i t i o n e r was a r r e s t e d i n c o n n e c t i o n w i t h a r o b b e r y o f n a r c o t i c s f r o m Osco D r u g i n G r e a t Fa1 l s , M o n t a n a . A t t h e t i m e o f t h e a r r e s t , p e t i t i o n e r was u n c o n s c i o u s a s a r e s u l t of a d r u g o v e r d o s e , and was s u b s e q u e n t l y h o s p i t a l i z e d . On J u l y 2, 1971, p e t i t i o n e r a p p e a r e d i n c o u r t w i t h o u t c o u n s e l . A t t h a t t i m e , c o u n s e l was a p p o i n t e d and p e t i - t i o n e r was o r d e r e d t r a n s f e r r e d t o Warm S p r i n g s S t a t e H o s p i t a l f o r a p s y c h o l o g i c a l e v a l u a t i o n . The e v a l u a t i o n i n d i c a t e d t h a t p e t i - t i o n e r was c o m p e t e n t t o a s s i s t and p a r t i c i p a t e i n h i s own d e f e n s e . W i t h c o u n s e l p r e s e n t , p e t i t i o n e r p l e a d e d g u i l t y t o t h e c h a r g e s on S e p t e m b e r 15, 1971. P u r s u a n t t o a r e c o m m e n d a t i o n b y t h e c o u n t y a t t o r n e y , he was s e n t e n c e d t o t w o y e a r s i n Warm S p r i n g s f o r d r u g t r e a t m e n t , w i t h t h e r e m a i n d e r o f h i s s e n t e n c e t o b e s e r v e d i n D e e r L o d g e S t a t e P r i s o n . I n F e b r u a r y , 1 9 8 0 , 8 1 h y e a r s a f t e r s e n t e n c i ng, p e t i t i o n e r b r o u g h t t h i s m o t i o n b e f o r e t h i s C o u r t f o r p o s t - c o n v i c t i o n r e 1 i e f . F o r p u r p o s e s o f t h i s p e t i t i o n , we w i l l a d d r e s s t w o i s s u e s : ( 1 ) Does t h e d o c t r i n e o f l a c h e s a p p l y so as t o p r e v e n t a d e f e n d a n t f r o m c h a l l e n g i n g t h e v a l i d i t y o f h i s s e n t e n c e , p u r s u a n t t o s e c t i o n 4 6 - 2 1 - 1 0 1 , MCA? ( 2 ) U n d e r t h e c i r c u m s t a n c e s o f t h i s c a s e , i s p e t i t i o n e r e n t i t l e d t o any p o s t - c o n v i c t i o n r e l i e f ? The Cascade C o u n t y A t t o r n e y u r g e s t h i s C o u r t t o d i s m i s s t h e d e f e n d a n t ' s p e t i t i o n f o r t h e r e a s o n t h a t i t i s m e r i t l e s s and f o r t h e r e a s o n t h a t h i s a t t e m p t t o w i t h d r a w h i s g u i l t y p l e a i s n o t t i m e l y . He a r g u e s t h a t d e f e n d a n t i s b a r r e d , b y l a c h e s , f r o m r a i s i n g t h e s e i s s u e s 81k y e a r s a f t e r he was s e n t e n c e d . W e f i n d t h a t d e f e n d a n t i s n o t b a r r e d f r o m r a i s i n g t h e i s s u e s b y m o t i o n t o t h i s C o u r t . S e c t i o n 46-21-102, MCA, p r o v i d e s t h a t " [ a ] p e t i t i o n f o r . . . r e l i e f may be f i l e d a t any t i m e a f t e r c o n v i c t i o n . " T h i s C o u r t has n o t p r e v i o u s l y l o o k e d a t t h i s s e c t i o n b u t t h e l e g i s l a t i v e h i s t o r y o f t h e c o m p a r a b l e f e d e r a l s t a t u t e and t h e U n i f o r m P o s t - C o n v i c t i o n P r o c e d u r e A c t d i c t a t e s t h e c o n c l u s i o n t h a t t h e r e i s no t i m e l i m i t i n w h i c h t o i n i t i a t e an a c t i o n . The p o s t - c o n v i c t i o n h e a r i n g s t a t u t e s a r e an a t t e m p t b y t h e l e g i s l a t u r e t o c o n s o l i d a t e a1 1 of t h e common-law s t a t u t o r y reme- d i e s n o r m a l l y a v a i l a b l e t o c h a l l e n g e a s e n t e n c e . M o n t a n a ' s a c t i s b a s e d i n p a r t on t h e I l l i n o i s Code of C r i m i n a l P r o c e d u r e , and i n p a r t on t h e U n i f o r m A c t , b u t t h e M o n t a n a Code i s s i l e n t as t o t h e s o u r c e o f t h e s e c t i o n i n q u e s t i o n . The I l l i n o i s Code o f C r i m i n a l P r o c e d u r e s e t s f o r t h a 2 0 - y e a r s t a t u t e o f l i m i t a t i o n s f o r i n i t i a t i n g an a c t i o n , u n l e s s p e t i t i o n e r a1 l e g e s f a c t s s h o w i n g t h a t t h e d e l a y i s n o t due t o h i s c u l p a b l e n e g l i g e n c e . See 38 111. Code o f C r i m . P r o c . 5 122-1. M o n t a n a d i d n o t choose t o a d o p t t h i s s e c t i o n , b u t d i d e n a c t a s t a t u t e w i t h l a n g u a g e s i m i l a r t o s e c t i o n 1 o f t h e 1955 U n i f o r m P o s t - C o n v i c t i o n P r o c e d u r e A c t and t h e f e d e r a l a c t , 28 U.S.C. 2255. The C o m m i s s i o n comments t o t h e U n i f o r m A c t i n d i c a t e t h a t a s t a t u t e o f l i m i t a t i o n s f o r f i l i n g was c o n s i d e r e d , b u t r e j e c t e d , b e c a u s e o f a q u e s t i o n o f c o n s t i t u t i o n - a l i t y . And i n c o n s i d e r i n g a c l a i m b y t h e g o v e r n m e n t t h a t a p e t i - t i o n u n d e r 28 U.S.C. 2255 was n o t f i l e d a t t h e p r o p e r t i m e , t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s Supreme C o u r t i n H e f l i n v. U n i t e d S t a t e s ( 1 9 5 9 ) , 3 5 8 U.S. 415, 420, 7 9 S . C t . 4 5 1 , 454, 3 L.Ed.2d 407, 4 1 1 ( S t e w a r t J., c o n c u r r i n g ) , n o t e d t h a t u n d e r t h e f e d e r a l s t a t u t e , a s e n t e n c e c o u l d be a t t a c k e d o n l y b y a p r i s o n e r p r e s e n t l y s e r v i n g , b u t t h a t t h e s e c t i o n c o m p a r a b l e t o s e c t i o n 4 6 - 2 1 - 1 0 2 , MCA, "means t h a t , as i n habeas c o r p u s , t h e r e i s no s t a t u t e o f l i m i t a t i o n s , no r e s j u d i c a t a , and t h a t t h e d o c t r i n e o f l a c h e s i s i n a p p l i c a b l e . " See a l s o , ~ o n n g r s v. U.S. ( 9 t h C i r . 1 9 7 0 ) , 4 3 1 F.2d 1207; C. T o r c i a , W h a r t o n ' s C r i m i n a l P r o c e d u r e $ 648 ( 1 2 t h ed. 1 9 7 6 ) . I n a c c o r d w i t h t h e s e a u t h o r i t i e s , we f i n d t h a t t h e M o n t a n a l e g i s l a t u r e d i d n o t i n t e n d t o impose an a b s o l u t e t i m e c o n s t r a i n t on t h e f i l i n g o f an a p p l i c a t i o n f o r p o s t - c o n v i c t i o n r e l i e f . O u r f i n d i n g t h a t p e t i t i o n e r i s e n t i t l e d t o f i l e h i s p e t i t i o n a t any t i m e does n o t , h o w e v e r , n e c e s s i t a t e a f i n d i n g t h a t he i s e n t i t l e d t o t h e r e l i e f s o u g h t . Numerous f e d e r a l c o u r t s have con- s i d e r e d t h e p r o b l e m o f d e l a y , i n $2255 m o t i o n s , w i t h many c o u r t s f i n d i n g t h a t d e l a y c a n have a n e g a t i v e e f f e c t on t h e m o v a n t : " W h i l e m o t i o n s u n d e r 28 USC $ 2 2 5 5 may be made a t a n y t i m e , t h e l a p s e o f t i m e a f f e c t s t h e good f a i t h and c r e d i b i l i t y o f t h e m o v i n g p a r t y . " A i k e n v. U n i t e d S t a t e s (M.D. N.Car. 1 9 6 1 ) , 191 F.Supp. 4 3 , 50, a f f ' d 296 F.2d 6 0 4 ( 4 t h C i r . 1 9 6 1 ) . See a l s o R a i n e s v. U n i t e d S t a t e s ( 4 t h C i r . 1 9 7 0 ) , 423 F.2d 526, 531. I n a c a s e s u c h as t h e one b e f o r e us, we f i n d t h a t t h e 81/2 y e a r d e l a y c e r t a i n l y r a i s e s q u e s t i o n s o f d e f e n d a n t ' s c r e d i b i l i t y i n a s s e r t i n g h i s c l a i m s . Based on t h e r e c o r d s , f i l e s and a f f i d a v i t s p r e - s e n t e d t o u s , we deny t h e p e t i t i o n . I n d o i n g so, we f i n d t h e v i e w o f t h e D i s t r i c t C o u r t , D i s t r i c t o f C o l u m b i a , p e r s u a s i v e : " O b v i o u s l y , t h e b u r d e n o f p r o o f on a m o t i o n t o v a c a t e a s e n t e n c e u n d e r 28 U.S.C. $ 2 2 5 5 i s on t h e m o v i n g p a r t y , b e c a u s e t h e r e i s a p r e s u m p t i o n o f r e g u l a r i t y o f t h e c o n v i c t i o n . The b u r d e n i s p a r t i c u l a r l y h e a v y i f t h e i s s u e i s one o f f a c t a n d a l o n g t i m e has e l a p s e d s i n c e t h e t r i a l o f t h e c a s e . W h i l e n e i t h e r t h e s t a t u t e o f l i m i t a - t i o n s n o r l a c h e s c a n b a r t h e a s s e r t i o n o f a c o n s t i t u t i o n a l r i g h t , n e v e r t h e l e s s , t h e passage o f t i m e may make i t i m p r a c t i c a b l e t o r e t r y a c a s e i f t h e m o t i o n i s g r a n t e d and a new t r i a l i s o r d e r e d . No d o u b t , a t t i m e s such a m o t i o n i s a p r o d u c t o f an a f t e r t h o u g h t . L o n g d e l a y may r a i s e a q u e s t i o n o f good f a i t h . " U n i t e d S t a t e s v. B o s t i c (D. D.C. 1 9 6 2 ) , 206 F.Supp. 8 5 5 , 8 5 6 - 5 7 . I n a d d i t i o n t o t h e p r o b l e m o f good f a i t h , we n o t e t h a t l o n g d e l a y may p r o v e t o be h i g h l y p r e j u d i c i a l i f t h e S t a t e i s f o r c e d t o t r y a case 81k y e a r s l a t e r . The p r a c t i c a l p r o b l e m s o f d y i n g w i t n e s s e s , f a d i n g memories, and c h a n g i n g g o v e r n m e n t o f f i c i a l s demand t h a t t h e a p p l i c a t i o n s f o r r e l i e f m u s t be made p r o m p t l y . See Desmond v. U n i t e d S t a t e s ( 1 s t C i r . 1 9 6 4 ) , 3 3 3 F.2d 378, 381. I n P a c e l l i v. U n i t e d S t a t e s ( 2 n d C i r . 1 9 7 8 ) , 5 8 8 F.2d 360, 365, c e r t . d e n i e d , 4 4 1 U.S. 908, 9 9 S . C t . 2001, 6 0 L.Ed.2d 3 7 8 ( 1 9 7 9 ) , t h e c o u r t c i t e d R u l e 9 ( a ) o f t h e R u l e s G o v e r n i n g S e c t i o n 2255 P r o c e e d i n g s f o r t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s D i s t r i c t C o u r t s : " A m o t i o n f o r r e l i e f made p u r s u a n t t o t h e s e r u l e s may be d i s m i s s e d i f i t a p p e a r s t h a t t h e g o v e r n m e n t has been p r e j u d i c e d i n i t s a b i l i t y t o r e s p o n d t o t h e m o t i o n b y d e l a y i n i t s f i l i n g u n l e s s t h e m o v a n t shows t h a t i t i s based on g r o u n d s o f w h i c h he c o u l d n o t h a v e had k n o w l e d g e b y t h e e x e r c i s e o f r e a s o n a b l e d i l i g e n c e b e f o r e t h e c i r c u m s t a n c e s p r e j u d i c i a l t o t h e g o v e r n m e n t o c c u r r e d . " T h a t c o u r t n o t e d t h a t a j u d g e i s c l e a r l y e n t i t l e d t o t a k e d e l a y s i n t o a c c o u n t i n r u l i n g on a m o t i o n f o r r e l i e f . The p e t i t i o n e r ' s a l l e g a t i o n s o f e r r o r on w h i c h he b a s e s h i s p e t i t i o n a l l a r e p r e m i s e d on t h e i n v o l u n t a r y and u n i n t e l l i g e n t n a t u r e o f h i s g u i l t y p l e a . He a s s e r t s t h a t he had i n c o m p e t e n t c o u n s e l who d i d n o t a d v i s e h i m o f t h e p e n a l t i e s i n v o l v e d , and he c o n t e n d s t h a t he w o u l d n o t h a v e e n t e r e d a g u i l t y p l e a i f h i s c o u n s e l had a d v i s e d h i m o f t h e p o s s i b i l i t y o f r a i s i n g t h e i s s u e o f m e n t a l d e f e c t o r d i s e a s e . He q u e s t i o n s h i s c o m p e t e n c e t o s t a n d t r i a l . W e n o t e a t t h e o u t s e t t h a t p e t i t i o n e r was s e n t t o Warm S p r i n g s f o r an e v a l u a t i o n b y t h e D i s t r i c t J u d g e . T h a t e v a l u a t i o n , c o n d u c t e d b y D r . M. F. G r a c i a , f o u n d d e f e n d a n t "com- p e t e n t and a b l e t o a s s i s t and p a r t i c i p a t e i n h i s own d e f e n s e , " a l t h o u g h n o t i n g d e f e n d a n t ' s l o n g h i s t o r y o f d r u g and a l c o h o l abuse. P r i o r t o t h i s e v a l u a t i o n , d e f e n d a n t c o n v e r s e d b r i e f y w i t h h i s a p p o i n t e d c o u n s e l , and f o l l o w i n g h i s r e l e a s e f r o m Warm S p r i n g s , d e f e n d a n t c o n s u l t e d w i t h h i s a t t o r n e y t h r e e more t i m e s p r i o r t o t h e e n t r y o f t h e g u i l t y p l e a . On S e p t e m b e r 1 4 , 1 9 7 1 , d e f e n d a n t and h i s c o u n s e l a p p e a r e d b e f o r e t h e H o n o r a b l e R. J . N e l s o n . The r e c o r d shows t h a t a t t h a t t i m e , t h e d e f e n d a n t r e c e i v e d , and was r e a d , a c o p y o f t h e i n f o r m a t i o n and t h e D i s t r i c t J u d g e i n f o r m e d h i m o f h i s r i g h t t o t a k e a t l e a s t 2 4 h o u r s more b e f o r e p l e a d i n g i n o r d e r t o a d e q u a t e l y u n d e r s t a n d t h e c h a r g e s . D e f e n d a n t ' s c o u n s e l r e q u e s t e d t h e c o n t i n u a n c e , as t h e r e c o r d shows: "MR. OVERFELT: Y o u r H o n o r , i n o r d e r t h a t t h e d e f e n d a n t may be f u l l y a p p r i s e d o f t h e n a t u r e o f t h e c h a r g e a g a i n s t h i m and t h e c o n s e q u e n c e s o f t h a t p a r t i c u l a r c h a r g e , we r e q u e s t t h e c o u r t a t t h i s t i m e f o r an a d d i t i o n a l t w e n t y - f o u r h o u r s , i n w h i c h t o e n t e r t h e p l e a . " C o u n s e l ' s r e c o r d s , w h i c h were p r e s e n t e d t o us b y a f f i d a v i t show t h a t d e f e n d a n t d e s i r e d t o e n t e r a g u i l t y p l e a p u r s u a n t t o a p l e a b a r g a i n i f an a r r a n g e m e n t c o u l d be w o r k e d o u t t o g e t h i m i n t o a d r u g t r e a t m e n t p r o g r a m . I t a p p e a r s f r o m t h e s e same r e c o r d s t h a t c o u n s e l had done i n i t i a l r e s e a r c h i n t o t h e p o s s i b l e d e f e n s e s o f d r u g and a l c o h o l a d d i c t i o n o r m e n t a l d e f e c t , and had i n d i c a t e d t o d e f e n d a n t a p o o r c h a n c e f o r h i m t o use such a d e f e n s e . On t h i s b a s i s , t h e d e c i s i o n was r e a c h e d v o l u n t a r i l y b y d e f e n d a n t t o p l e a d g u i l t y . A p l e a was n o t e n t e r e d b y d e f e n d a n t u n t i l t h e f o l l o w i n g day. A t t h a t t i m e t h e j u d g e i n q u i r e d i n t o t h e v o l u n t a r y n a t u r e o f t h e p l e a . The r e c o r d p r o v i d e s i n p a r t : "THE COURT: W e l l , M r . McNair, b e f o r e I c a n a c c e p t a G u i l t y p l e a , I m u s t a s c e r t a i n t h a t i t ' s v o l u n t a r i l y made. I n o t h e r w o r d s , t h a t y o u ' r e n o t b e i n g c o e r c e d o r f o r c e d t o make t h i s p l e a . "THE DEFENDANT: No, y o u r H o n o r , I ' m n o t b e i n g f o r c e d . "THE COURT: A l l r i g h t , and y o u u n d e r s t a n d t h a t I d o n ' t c a r e what anyone s a i d t o y o u , as a C o u r t I c a n n o t make y o u and w i l l n o t make y o u any p r o - m i s e s as t o s e n t e n c e ? "THE DEFENDANT: I r e a l i z e t h i s . " F o l l o w i n g a p r e s e n t e n c e i n v e s t i g a t i o n , d e f e n d a n t was sen- t e n c e d on S e p t e m b e r 29, 1 9 7 1 , w i t h t h e f i r s t p a r t o f t h e s e n t e n c e t o be s e r v e d a t Warm S p r i n g s f o r d r u g t r e a t m e n t . D e f e n d a n t ' s c o u n s e l i n d i c a t e s b y a f f i d a v i t t h a t t h i s s e n t e n c i n g was p u r s u a n t t o a r e c o m m e n d a t i o n o f t h e c o u n t y a t t o r n e y , b a s e d on p l e a nego- t i a t i o n s b e t w e e n c o u n s e l and t h e c o u n t y a t t o r n e y . As t h e r e c o r d shows, d e f e n d a n t has w a i t e d 81b y e a r s b e f o r e m a k i n g an a t t e m p t t o w i t h d r a w h i s g u i l t y p l e a . T h i s C o u r t h a s p r e v i o u s l y n o t e d t h a t where a D i s t r i c t C o u r t h a s d e t e r m i n e d t h a t a p l e a was v o l u n t a r i l y e n t e r e d , w i t h d r a w a l o f t h a t p l e a i s a m a t t e r w i t h i n t h e d i s c r e t i o n o f t h e c o u r t . A l o n g t i m e i n t e r v a l b e f o r e m o v i n g t o w i t h d r a w t h e p l e a makes t h e s i t u a t i o n l e s s f a v o r a b l e t o t h e d e f e n d a n t . I n t h e c a s e o f S t a t e v. L e w i s ( 1 9 7 8 1 , M o n t . , 582 P.2d 346, 3 5 2 , 3 5 St.Rep. 1089, 1096, t h i s C o u r t a d r e s s e d t h e i s s u e o f l a c h e s as i t a p p l i e s t o t h e w i t h d r a w a l o f a g u i l t y p l e a : " M o r e o v e r , t h e c l a i m o f l a c h e s i s good a g a i n s t t h e d e f e n d a n t h e r e b e c a u s e i t i s q u i t e p r o b a b l e t h e r e c o r d s upon w h i c h t h e p l e a s o f g u i l t y w e r e e n t e r e d a r e now m i s s i n g o r t h e i r w h e r e a b o u t s unknown and t h e a v a i l a b i l i t y o f w i t n e s s e s w o u l d o f c o u r s e be a q u e s t i o n . See S t a t e v. S a t t l e r ( 1 9 7 6 1 , Mont. , 549 P.2d 1 0 8 0 , 3 3 St.Rep. 475." See a l s o , S t a t e v. Nance ( 1 9 4 7 ) , 1 2 0 M o n t . 1 5 2 , 1 8 4 P.2d 554; S t a t e v. S a t t l e r ( 1 9 7 6 ) , 1 7 0 M o n t . 35, 549 P.2d 1080. W e a r e f a c e d w i t h t h a t p r o b l e m h e r e . W e have b e f o r e u s a1 l e g a t i o n s o f i n c o m p e t e n t c o u n s e l l e a d i n g t o an i n v a l i d g u i l t y p l e a . It i s h a r d t o i m a g i n e t h a t t h i s d e f e n d a n t was u n a b l e t o d e t e r m i n e f o r 8 1 h y e a r s t h a t he d i d n o t e n t e r a v o l u n t a r y and i n t e l l i g e n t g u i l t y p l e a . He a1 l e g e s one u n s u c c e s s f u l a t t e m p t t o w o r k w i t h t h e U n i v e r s i t y o f M o n t a n a D e f e n d e r P r o j e c t i n 1 9 7 4 , a t a t i m e a f t e r he had s e r v e d h i s s e n t e n c e and was i n D e e r Lodge f o r a l a t e r c o n v i c t i o n . The r e c o r d does n o t s u b s t a n t i a t e t h i s c l a i m , n o r does i t a p p e a r t h a t he made any o t h e r a t t e m p t s f o r f i v e m o r e y e a r s , u n t i l f i l i n g t h i s p e t i t i o n i n 1979. T h i s C o u r t n o t e d i n S t a t e v. L e w i s , s u p r a , t h a t " L i l t h a s become common p l a c e i n r e c e n t t i m e s f o r d e f e n d a n t s s e e k i n g p o s t c o n v i c t i o n r e 1 i e f t o a s s a i l t h e i r r e p r e s e n t a t i o n by c o u n s e l d u r i n g c r i m i n a l p r o c e e d i n g s as i n a d e q u a t e o r d e f i c i e n t . " W e r e m a r k e d t h e r e and we r e i t e r a t e : " . . . Such an a t t a c k h o w e v e r m u s t be g r o u n d e d u p o n f a c t s w h i c h a p p e a r i n o r a r e e a s i l y deduced f r o m t h e r e c o r d and w h i c h go beyond t h e mere c o n c l u s o r y a1 l e g a t i o n s i n t h e d e f e n d a n t ' s a f f i d a v i t . T h e r e m u s t be a s h o w i n g o f a c t u a l i n e f f e c t i v e n e s s on t h e p a r t o f c o u n s e l . D i g i a l l o n a r d o v. B e t z e r ( 1 9 7 3 ) , 1 6 3 M o n t . 1 0 4 , W e h a v e b e f o r e us t h e c o u r t f i l e s and r e c o r d s and t h e a f f i d a v i t s o f b o t h p e t i t i o n e r and p e t i t i o n e r ' s c o u n s e l . Based on t h e s e r e c o r d s we h a v e d e t e r m i n e d t h a t p e t i t i o n e r ' s m o t i o n s h o u l d b e d e n i e d w i t h o u t a h e a r i n g . S e c t i o n 4 6 - 2 1 - 2 0 1 , MCA. The p e t i t i o n e r has r a i s e d no i s s u e s w h i c h we w o u l d e x p e c t t o r e q u i r e a d i f f e r e n t r e s o l u t i o n i f an e v i d e n t i a r y h e a r i n g w e r e o r d e r e d n o w - - 8 l b y e a r s a f t e r t h e p l e a and s e n t e n c i n g . He h a s made no s h o w i n g i n h i s p e t i t i o n t h a t he has any a d d i t i o n a l i n f o r m a t i o n t o o r t h a t h e p u t b e f o r e t h e C o u r t / c a n p r o d u c e any w i t n e s s e s w i t h d i f f e r e n t r e c o l l e c t i o n s o r any a d d i t i o n a l r e c o r d s w h i c h may have b e e n l y i n g d o r m a n t f o r a l l t h i s t i m e . I n v i e w i n g a1 1 t h e c i r c u m s t a n c e s , we a r e c o n v i n c e d t h a t p e t i t i o n e r was a d e q u a t e l y r e p r e s e n t e d i n 1 9 7 1 and t h a t he was f u l l y c o m p e t e n t t o e n t e r a v o l u n t a r y and i n t e l l i g e n t g u i l t y p l e a . It i s u n n e c e s s a r y t o r e o p e n t h e c a s e . The p e t i t i o n i s d e n i e d . C h i e f J u s t i c e /. ... / ' W e c d n c u r :