Repository: risingwavelabs/risingwave (language: python)

Issue:
Sqlsmith: Sql feature generation
As we add more features, these should be tested via sqlsmith as well.

SQL Features:
- [ ] Generate other table functions: `generate_series`, `unnest`. See: https://github.com/singularity-data/risingwave/issues/4540
- [ ] Generate array_agg, jsonb_agg, jsonb_object_agg
- [ ] Generate select from System Tables
- [ ] Generate `NATURAL JOIN`
- [ ] Generate `JOIN` with `USING`
- [ ] Generate query w/o `GROUP BY`
- [ ] Randomly toggle session variables
- [ ] Generate `pow`/`exp`.
- [ ] Generate TopN by group: https://www.risingwave.dev/docs/current/sql-pattern-topn/
- [ ] Generate jsonb exprs, see: https://github.com/risingwavelabs/risingwave/issues/7714
- [ ] #7132
- [x] Generate order-by-clauses with `NULLS { FIRST | LAST }` (will be done in https://github.com/risingwavelabs/risingwave/pull/10864/commits/000cbc11cbc04f20abfd127b1bf4b3fd24e75c44)
- [ ] Generate `max`,`min`,`count` for `timestamptz`
- [ ] Generate `bit_and`, `bit_or` and `big_xor` in batch queries, and `bit_xor` in streaming queries.
- [ ] Generate array range access.
- [ ] https://github.com/risingwavelabs/risingwave/issues/10241
- [ ] Generate window functions other than `row_number`, `rank`.
- [ ] Generate `ALTER` DDL statements.\
- [ ] https://github.com/risingwavelabs/risingwave/issues/10516
- [ ] Generate temporal filter in sqlsmith


Discussion / hints:

Fix patch:
diff --git a/src/frontend/src/handler/create_sink.rs b/src/frontend/src/handler/create_sink.rs
index f6cf26fe29ef7..33a23641eb5ab 100644
--- a/src/frontend/src/handler/create_sink.rs
+++ b/src/frontend/src/handler/create_sink.rs
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ use risingwave_common::catalog::{
 use risingwave_common::secret::LocalSecretManager;
 use risingwave_common::types::DataType;
 use risingwave_common::{bail, catalog};
-use risingwave_connector::sink::catalog::{SinkCatalog, SinkFormatDesc, SinkType};
+use risingwave_connector::sink::catalog::{SinkCatalog, SinkFormatDesc};
 use risingwave_connector::sink::iceberg::{IcebergConfig, ICEBERG_SINK};
 use risingwave_connector::sink::{
     CONNECTOR_TYPE_KEY, SINK_TYPE_OPTION, SINK_USER_FORCE_APPEND_ONLY_OPTION, SINK_WITHOUT_BACKFILL,
@@ -234,8 +234,6 @@ pub async fn gen_sink_plan(
         }
     }
 
-    let target_table = target_table_catalog.as_ref().map(|catalog| catalog.id());
-
     let sink_plan = plan_root.gen_sink_plan(
         sink_table_name,
         definition,
@@ -245,8 +243,9 @@ pub async fn gen_sink_plan(
         sink_from_table_name,
         format_desc,
         without_backfill,
-        target_table,
+        target_table_catalog.clone(),
         partition_info,
+        user_specified_columns,
     )?;
 
     let sink_desc = sink_plan.sink_desc().clone();
@@ -278,18 +277,6 @@ pub async fn gen_sink_plan(
             }
         }
 
-        let user_defined_primary_key_table =
-            !(table_catalog.append_only || table_catalog.row_id_index.is_some());
-
-        if !(user_defined_primary_key_table
-            || sink_catalog.sink_type == SinkType::AppendOnly
-            || sink_catalog.sink_type == SinkType::ForceAppendOnly)
-        {
-            return Err(RwError::from(ErrorCode::BindError(
-                "Only append-only sinks can sink to a table without primary keys.".to_string(),
-            )));
-        }
-
         let exprs = derive_default_column_project_for_sink(
             &sink_catalog,
             sink_plan.schema(),
diff --git a/src/frontend/src/optimizer/mod.rs b/src/frontend/src/optimizer/mod.rs
index de5c3deaf0d6b..57096af86bc5e 100644
--- a/src/frontend/src/optimizer/mod.rs
+++ b/src/frontend/src/optimizer/mod.rs
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 use std::num::NonZeroU32;
 use std::ops::DerefMut;
+use std::sync::Arc;
 
 pub mod plan_node;
 
@@ -40,7 +41,7 @@ mod plan_expr_visitor;
 mod rule;
 
 use std::assert_matches::assert_matches;
-use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::collections::{BTreeMap, HashMap};
 
 use fixedbitset::FixedBitSet;
 use itertools::Itertools as _;
@@ -50,7 +51,7 @@ use plan_expr_rewriter::ConstEvalRewriter;
 use property::Order;
 use risingwave_common::bail;
 use risingwave_common::catalog::{
-    ColumnCatalog, ColumnDesc, ColumnId, ConflictBehavior, Field, Schema, TableId,
+    ColumnCatalog, ColumnDesc, ColumnId, ConflictBehavior, Field, Schema,
 };
 use risingwave_common::types::DataType;
 use risingwave_common::util::column_index_mapping::ColIndexMapping;
@@ -82,6 +83,7 @@ use crate::optimizer::plan_node::{
 use crate::optimizer::plan_visitor::TemporalJoinValidator;
 use crate::optimizer::property::Distribution;
 use crate::utils::{ColIndexMappingRewriteExt, WithOptionsSecResolved};
+use crate::TableCatalog;
 
 /// `PlanRoot` is used to describe a plan. planner will construct a `PlanRoot` with `LogicalNode`.
 /// and required distribution and order. And `PlanRoot` can generate corresponding streaming or
@@ -939,8 +941,9 @@ impl PlanRoot {
         sink_from_table_name: String,
         format_desc: Option<SinkFormatDesc>,
         without_backfill: bool,
-        target_table: Option<TableId>,
+        target_table: Option<Arc<TableCatalog>>,
         partition_info: Option<PartitionComputeInfo>,
+        user_specified_columns: bool,
     ) -> Result<StreamSink> {
         let stream_scan_type = if without_backfill {
             StreamScanType::UpstreamOnly
@@ -958,12 +961,16 @@ impl PlanRoot {
             self.gen_optimized_stream_plan_inner(emit_on_window_close, stream_scan_type)?;
         assert_eq!(self.phase, PlanPhase::Stream);
         assert_eq!(stream_plan.convention(), Convention::Stream);
+        let target_columns_to_plan_mapping = target_table
+            .as_ref()
+            .map(|t| self.target_columns_to_plan_mapping(t.columns(), user_specified_columns));
         StreamSink::create(
             stream_plan,
             sink_name,
             db_name,
             sink_from_table_name,
             target_table,
+            target_columns_to_plan_mapping,
             self.required_dist.clone(),
             self.required_order.clone(),
             self.out_fields.clone(),
@@ -993,6 +1000,39 @@ impl PlanRoot {
             .config()
             .streaming_use_snapshot_backfill()
     }
+
+    /// used when the plan has a target relation such as DML and sink into table, return the mapping from table's columns to the plan's schema
+    pub fn target_columns_to_plan_mapping(
+        &self,
+        tar_cols: &[ColumnCatalog],
+        user_specified_columns: bool,
+    ) -> Vec<Option<usize>> {
+        #[allow(clippy::disallowed_methods)]
+        let visible_cols: Vec<(usize, String)> = self
+            .out_fields
+            .ones()
+            .zip_eq(self.out_names.iter().cloned())
+            .collect_vec();
+
+        let visible_col_idxes = visible_cols.iter().map(|(i, _)| *i).collect_vec();
+        let visible_col_idxes_by_name = visible_cols
+            .iter()
+            .map(|(i, name)| (name.as_ref(), *i))
+            .collect::<BTreeMap<_, _>>();
+
+        tar_cols
+            .iter()
+            .enumerate()
+            .filter(|(_, tar_col)| (!tar_col.is_generated()))
+            .map(|(tar_i, tar_col)| {
+                if user_specified_columns {
+                    visible_col_idxes_by_name.get(tar_col.name()).cloned()
+                } else {
+                    (tar_i < visible_col_idxes.len()).then(|| visible_cols[tar_i].0)
+                }
+            })
+            .collect()
+    }
 }
 
 fn find_version_column_index(
diff --git a/src/frontend/src/optimizer/plan_node/stream_sink.rs b/src/frontend/src/optimizer/plan_node/stream_sink.rs
index 3f5f07aa05982..238b3d24d1ff6 100644
--- a/src/frontend/src/optimizer/plan_node/stream_sink.rs
+++ b/src/frontend/src/optimizer/plan_node/stream_sink.rs
@@ -14,13 +14,14 @@
 
 use std::assert_matches::assert_matches;
 use std::io::{Error, ErrorKind};
+use std::sync::Arc;
 
 use anyhow::anyhow;
 use fixedbitset::FixedBitSet;
 use icelake::types::Transform;
 use itertools::Itertools;
 use pretty_xmlish::{Pretty, XmlNode};
-use risingwave_common::catalog::{ColumnCatalog, CreateType, TableId};
+use risingwave_common::catalog::{ColumnCatalog, CreateType};
 use risingwave_common::types::{DataType, StructType};
 use risingwave_common::util::iter_util::ZipEqDebug;
 use risingwave_connector::match_sink_name_str;
@@ -43,7 +44,7 @@ use super::utils::{
     childless_record, infer_kv_log_store_table_catalog_inner, Distill, IndicesDisplay,
 };
 use super::{generic, ExprRewritable, PlanBase, PlanRef, StreamNode, StreamProject};
-use crate::error::{ErrorCode, Result};
+use crate::error::{ErrorCode, Result, RwError};
 use crate::expr::{ExprImpl, FunctionCall, InputRef};
 use crate::optimizer::plan_node::expr_visitable::ExprVisitable;
 use crate::optimizer::plan_node::utils::plan_can_use_background_ddl;
@@ -195,80 +196,6 @@ impl StreamSink {
         &self.sink_desc
     }
 
-    #[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
-    pub fn create(
-        input: PlanRef,
-        name: String,
-        db_name: String,
-        sink_from_table_name: String,
-        target_table: Option<TableId>,
-        user_distributed_by: RequiredDist,
-        user_order_by: Order,
-        user_cols: FixedBitSet,
-        out_names: Vec<String>,
-        definition: String,
-        properties: WithOptionsSecResolved,
-        format_desc: Option<SinkFormatDesc>,
-        partition_info: Option<PartitionComputeInfo>,
-    ) -> Result<Self> {
-        let columns = derive_columns(input.schema(), out_names, &user_cols)?;
-        let (input, mut sink) = Self::derive_sink_desc(
-            input,
-            user_distributed_by,
-            name,
-            db_name,
-            sink_from_table_name,
-            target_table,
-            user_order_by,
-            columns,
-            definition,
-            properties,
-            format_desc,
-            partition_info,
-        )?;
-
-        let unsupported_sink =
-            |sink: &str| Err(SinkError::Config(anyhow!("unsupported sink type {}", sink)));
-
-        // check and ensure that the sink connector is specified and supported
-        let sink_decouple = match sink.properties.get(CONNECTOR_TYPE_KEY) {
-            Some(connector) => {
-                match_sink_name_str!(
-                    connector.to_lowercase().as_str(),
-                    SinkType,
-                    {
-                        // the table sink is created by with properties
-                        if connector == TABLE_SINK && sink.target_table.is_none() {
-                            unsupported_sink(TABLE_SINK)
-                        } else {
-                            SinkType::set_default_commit_checkpoint_interval(
-                                &mut sink,
-                                &input.ctx().session_ctx().config().sink_decouple(),
-                            )?;
-                            SinkType::is_sink_decouple(
-                                &input.ctx().session_ctx().config().sink_decouple(),
-                            )
-                        }
-                    },
-                    |other: &str| unsupported_sink(other)
-                )?
-            }
-            None => {
-                return Err(
-                    SinkError::Config(anyhow!("connector not specified when create sink")).into(),
-                );
-            }
-        };
-
-        let log_store_type = if sink_decouple {
-            SinkLogStoreType::KvLogStore
-        } else {
-            SinkLogStoreType::InMemoryLogStore
-        };
-
-        Ok(Self::new(input, sink, log_store_type))
-    }
-
     fn derive_iceberg_sink_distribution(
         input: PlanRef,
         partition_info: Option<PartitionComputeInfo>,
@@ -303,27 +230,67 @@ impl StreamSink {
     }
 
     #[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
-    fn derive_sink_desc(
+    pub fn create(
         mut input: PlanRef,
-        user_distributed_by: RequiredDist,
         name: String,
         db_name: String,
-        sink_from_name: String,
-        target_table: Option<TableId>,
+        sink_from_table_name: String,
+        target_table: Option<Arc<TableCatalog>>,
+        target_table_mapping: Option<Vec<Option<usize>>>,
+        user_distributed_by: RequiredDist,
         user_order_by: Order,
-        columns: Vec<ColumnCatalog>,
+        user_cols: FixedBitSet,
+        out_names: Vec<String>,
         definition: String,
         properties: WithOptionsSecResolved,
         format_desc: Option<SinkFormatDesc>,
         partition_info: Option<PartitionComputeInfo>,
-    ) -> Result<(PlanRef, SinkDesc)> {
+    ) -> Result<Self> {
         let sink_type =
             Self::derive_sink_type(input.append_only(), &properties, format_desc.as_ref())?;
+
+        let columns = derive_columns(input.schema(), out_names, &user_cols)?;
         let (pk, _) = derive_pk(input.clone(), user_order_by, &columns);
-        let mut downstream_pk =
-            Self::parse_downstream_pk(&columns, properties.get(DOWNSTREAM_PK_KEY))?;
+        let mut downstream_pk = {
+            let from_properties =
+                Self::parse_downstream_pk(&columns, properties.get(DOWNSTREAM_PK_KEY))?;
+            if let Some(t) = &target_table {
+                let user_defined_primary_key_table = t.row_id_index.is_none();
+                let sink_is_append_only =
+                    sink_type == SinkType::AppendOnly || sink_type == SinkType::ForceAppendOnly;
+
+                if !user_defined_primary_key_table && !sink_is_append_only {
+                    return Err(RwError::from(ErrorCode::BindError(
+                        "Only append-only sinks can sink to a table without primary keys. please try to add type = 'append-only' in the with option. e.g. create sink s into t as select * from t1 with (type = 'append-only')".to_string(),
+                    )));
+                }
+
+                if t.append_only && !sink_is_append_only {
+                    return Err(RwError::from(ErrorCode::BindError(
+                        "Only append-only sinks can sink to a append only table. please try to add type = 'append-only' in the with option. e.g. create sink s into t as select * from t1 with (type = 'append-only')".to_string(),
+                    )));
+                }
 
+                if sink_type != SinkType::Upsert {
+                    vec![]
+                } else {
+                    let target_table_mapping = target_table_mapping.unwrap();
+
+                    t.pk()
+                    .iter()
+                    .map(|c| {
+                        target_table_mapping[c.column_index].ok_or(
+                            ErrorCode::SinkError(Box::new(Error::new(ErrorKind::InvalidInput,
+                                "When using non append only sink into table, the primary key of the table must be included in the sink result.".to_string()
+                        ))).into())})
+                    .try_collect::<_, _, RwError>()?
+                }
+            } else {
+                from_properties
+            }
+        };
         let mut extra_partition_col_idx = None;
+
         let required_dist = match input.distribution() {
             Distribution::Single => RequiredDist::single(),
             _ => {
@@ -387,11 +354,11 @@ impl StreamSink {
             CreateType::Foreground
         };
         let (properties, secret_refs) = properties.into_parts();
-        let sink_desc = SinkDesc {
+        let mut sink_desc = SinkDesc {
             id: SinkId::placeholder(),
             name,
             db_name,
-            sink_from_name,
+            sink_from_name: sink_from_table_name,
             definition,
             columns,
             plan_pk: pk,
@@ -401,11 +368,51 @@ impl StreamSink {
             secret_refs,
             sink_type,
             format_desc,
-            target_table,
+            target_table: target_table.as_ref().map(|catalog| catalog.id()),
             extra_partition_col_idx,
             create_type,
         };
-        Ok((input, sink_desc))
+
+        let unsupported_sink =
+            |sink: &str| Err(SinkError::Config(anyhow!("unsupported sink type {}", sink)));
+
+        // check and ensure that the sink connector is specified and supported
+        let sink_decouple = match sink_desc.properties.get(CONNECTOR_TYPE_KEY) {
+            Some(connector) => {
+                match_sink_name_str!(
+                    connector.to_lowercase().as_str(),
+                    SinkType,
+                    {
+                        // the table sink is created by with properties
+                        if connector == TABLE_SINK && sink_desc.target_table.is_none() {
+                            unsupported_sink(TABLE_SINK)
+                        } else {
+                            SinkType::set_default_commit_checkpoint_interval(
+                                &mut sink_desc,
+                                &input.ctx().session_ctx().config().sink_decouple(),
+                            )?;
+                            SinkType::is_sink_decouple(
+                                &input.ctx().session_ctx().config().sink_decouple(),
+                            )
+                        }
+                    },
+                    |other: &str| unsupported_sink(other)
+                )?
+            }
+            None => {
+                return Err(
+                    SinkError::Config(anyhow!("connector not specified when create sink")).into(),
+                );
+            }
+        };
+
+        let log_store_type = if sink_decouple {
+            SinkLogStoreType::KvLogStore
+        } else {
+            SinkLogStoreType::InMemoryLogStore
+        };
+
+        Ok(Self::new(input, sink_desc, log_store_type))
     }
 
     fn is_user_defined_append_only(properties: &WithOptionsSecResolved) -> Result<bool> {
@@ -567,16 +574,11 @@ impl Distill for StreamSink {
         vec.push(("type", Pretty::from(sink_type)));
         vec.push(("columns", column_names));
         if self.sink_desc.sink_type.is_upsert() {
-            let pk = IndicesDisplay {
-                indices: &self
-                    .sink_desc
-                    .plan_pk
-                    .iter()
-                    .map(|k| k.column_index)
-                    .collect_vec(),
+            let sink_pk = IndicesDisplay {
+                indices: &self.sink_desc.downstream_pk.clone(),
                 schema: self.base.schema(),
             };
-            vec.push(("pk", pk.distill()));
+            vec.push(("downstream_pk", sink_pk.distill()));
         }
         childless_record("StreamSink", vec)
     }


Test patch:
diff --git a/e2e_test/sink/sink_into_table/parallelism.slt b/e2e_test/sink/sink_into_table/parallelism.slt
index 8359d2731d196..d5bbecf10f01a 100644
--- a/e2e_test/sink/sink_into_table/parallelism.slt
+++ b/e2e_test/sink/sink_into_table/parallelism.slt
@@ -8,16 +8,16 @@ statement ok
 SET STREAMING_PARALLELISM TO 2;
 
 statement ok
-create table t_simple (v1 int, v2 int);
+create table t_simple (v1 int, v2 int) append only;
 
 statement ok
-create table m_simple (v1 int primary key, v2 int);
+create table m_simple (v1 int, v2 int) append only;
 
 statement ok
 SET STREAMING_PARALLELISM TO 3;
 
 statement ok
-create sink s_simple_1 into m_simple as select v1, v2 from t_simple;
+create sink s_simple_1 into m_simple as select v1, v2 from t_simple with (type = 'append-only');
 
 query I
 select distinct parallelism from rw_fragment_parallelism where name in ('t_simple', 'm_simple', 's_simple_1');
diff --git a/src/frontend/planner_test/src/lib.rs b/src/frontend/planner_test/src/lib.rs
index 675b99ad0e145..c03e19c985e6b 100644
--- a/src/frontend/planner_test/src/lib.rs
+++ b/src/frontend/planner_test/src/lib.rs
@@ -850,6 +850,7 @@ impl TestCase {
                     false,
                     None,
                     None,
+                    false,
                 ) {
                     Ok(sink_plan) => {
                         ret.sink_plan = Some(explain_plan(&sink_plan.into()));
diff --git a/src/frontend/planner_test/tests/testdata/input/sink_into_table.yaml b/src/frontend/planner_test/tests/testdata/input/sink_into_table.yaml
index 1191cd6a68966..24b3df8902faf 100644
--- a/src/frontend/planner_test/tests/testdata/input/sink_into_table.yaml
+++ b/src/frontend/planner_test/tests/testdata/input/sink_into_table.yaml
@@ -9,3 +9,15 @@
     explain create sink ss into t from s with (type = 'append-only');
   expected_outputs:
     - explain_output
+- sql: |
+    create table t1 (a int primary key, b int);
+    create table t2 (a int, b int primary key);
+    explain create sink s into t1 from t2;
+  expected_outputs:
+    - explain_output
+- sql: |
+    create table t1 (a int primary key, b int);
+    create table t2 (a int, b int primary key);
+    explain create sink s into t1 as select b from t2;
+  expected_outputs:
+    - explain_output
diff --git a/src/frontend/planner_test/tests/testdata/output/emit_on_window_close.yaml b/src/frontend/planner_test/tests/testdata/output/emit_on_window_close.yaml
index 090d086482ec3..3a45cddf1f6c3 100644
--- a/src/frontend/planner_test/tests/testdata/output/emit_on_window_close.yaml
+++ b/src/frontend/planner_test/tests/testdata/output/emit_on_window_close.yaml
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@
     emit on window close
     WITH (connector = 'blackhole');
   explain_output: |
-    StreamSink { type: upsert, columns: [tm, foo, bar, t._row_id(hidden), lag, max, sum], pk: [t._row_id, t.bar] }
+    StreamSink { type: upsert, columns: [tm, foo, bar, t._row_id(hidden), lag, max, sum], downstream_pk: [] }
     └─StreamEowcOverWindow { window_functions: [first_value(t.foo) OVER(PARTITION BY t.bar ORDER BY t.tm ASC ROWS BETWEEN 2 PRECEDING AND 2 PRECEDING), max(t.foo) OVER(PARTITION BY t.bar ORDER BY t.tm ASC ROWS BETWEEN 1 PRECEDING AND 1 FOLLOWING), sum(t.foo) OVER(PARTITION BY t.bar ORDER BY t.tm ASC ROWS BETWEEN 2 PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW EXCLUDE CURRENT ROW)] }
       └─StreamEowcSort { sort_column: t.tm }
         └─StreamExchange { dist: HashShard(t.bar) }
diff --git a/src/frontend/planner_test/tests/testdata/output/sink.yaml b/src/frontend/planner_test/tests/testdata/output/sink.yaml
index 369ffc748fb73..16571bb87952f 100644
--- a/src/frontend/planner_test/tests/testdata/output/sink.yaml
+++ b/src/frontend/planner_test/tests/testdata/output/sink.yaml
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
       table.name='t1sink',
       type='upsert');
   explain_output: |
-    StreamSink { type: upsert, columns: [v1, v2, v3, v5, t1.v4(hidden)], pk: [t1.v3, t1.v4] }
+    StreamSink { type: upsert, columns: [v1, v2, v3, v5, t1.v4(hidden)], downstream_pk: [t1.v1, t1.v2] }
     └─StreamExchange { dist: HashShard(t1.v1, t1.v2) }
       └─StreamTableScan { table: t1, columns: [v1, v2, v3, v5, v4] }
 - id: create_upsert_jdbc_sink_with_downstream_pk2
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
       table.name='t1sink',
       type='upsert');
   explain_output: |
-    StreamSink { type: upsert, columns: [v1, v2, v3, v5], pk: [t1.v1, t1.v2] }
+    StreamSink { type: upsert, columns: [v1, v2, v3, v5], downstream_pk: [t1.v3, t1.v5] }
     └─StreamExchange { dist: HashShard(t1.v3, t1.v5) }
       └─StreamTableScan { table: t1, columns: [v1, v2, v3, v5] }
 - id: create_upsert_jdbc_sink_with_downstream_pk1
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
       type='upsert');
   explain_output: |+
     Fragment 0
-    StreamSink { type: upsert, columns: [v1, v2, v3, v5, t1.v4(hidden)], pk: [t1.v3, t1.v4] }
+    StreamSink { type: upsert, columns: [v1, v2, v3, v5, t1.v4(hidden)], downstream_pk: [t1.v1, t1.v2] }
     ├── tables: [ Sink: 0 ]
     ├── output: [ t1.v1, t1.v2, t1.v3, t1.v5, t1.v4 ]
     ├── stream key: [ t1.v3, t1.v4 ]
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@
       type='upsert');
   explain_output: |+
     Fragment 0
-    StreamSink { type: upsert, columns: [v1, v2, v3, v5], pk: [t1.v1, t1.v2] }
+    StreamSink { type: upsert, columns: [v1, v2, v3, v5], downstream_pk: [t1.v3, t1.v5] }
     ├── tables: [ Sink: 0 ]
     ├── output: [ t1.v1, t1.v2, t1.v3, t1.v5 ]
     ├── stream key: [ t1.v1, t1.v2 ]
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@
       primary_key='v1,v2'
     );
   explain_output: |
-    StreamSink { type: upsert, columns: [v1, v2, v3, v5, t1.v4(hidden)], pk: [t1.v3, t1.v4] }
+    StreamSink { type: upsert, columns: [v1, v2, v3, v5, t1.v4(hidden)], downstream_pk: [t1.v1, t1.v2] }
     └─StreamExchange { dist: HashShard(t1.v1, t1.v2) }
       └─StreamTableScan { table: t1, columns: [v1, v2, v3, v5, v4] }
 - id: downstream_pk_same_with_upstream
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@
       primary_key='v2,v1'
     );
   explain_output: |
-    StreamSink { type: upsert, columns: [v2, v1, count], pk: [t1.v1, t1.v2] }
+    StreamSink { type: upsert, columns: [v2, v1, count], downstream_pk: [t1.v2, t1.v1] }
     └─StreamProject { exprs: [t1.v2, t1.v1, count] }
       └─StreamHashAgg { group_key: [t1.v1, t1.v2], aggs: [count] }
         └─StreamExchange { dist: HashShard(t1.v1, t1.v2) }
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@
     create table t2 (a int, b int, watermark for b as b - 4) append only;
     explain create sink sk1 from t2 emit on window close with (connector='blackhole');
   explain_output: |
-    StreamSink { type: upsert, columns: [a, b, t2._row_id(hidden)], pk: [t2._row_id] }
+    StreamSink { type: upsert, columns: [a, b, t2._row_id(hidden)], downstream_pk: [] }
     └─StreamEowcSort { sort_column: t2.b }
       └─StreamTableScan { table: t2, columns: [a, b, _row_id] }
 - id: create_mock_iceberg_sink_append_only_with_sparse_partition
@@ -236,7 +236,7 @@
       primary_key = 'v1'
     );
   explain_output: |
-    StreamSink { type: upsert, columns: [v1, v2, v3, v4, t1._row_id(hidden)], pk: [t1._row_id] }
+    StreamSink { type: upsert, columns: [v1, v2, v3, v4, t1._row_id(hidden)], downstream_pk: [t1.v1] }
     └─StreamExchange { dist: HashShard($expr1) }
       └─StreamProject { exprs: [t1.v1, t1.v2, t1.v3, t1.v4, t1._row_id, Row(t1.v1, IcebergTransform('bucket[1]':Varchar, t1.v2), IcebergTransform('truncate[1]':Varchar, t1.v3), null:Int32) as $expr1] }
         └─StreamTableScan { table: t1, columns: [v1, v2, v3, v4, _row_id] }
@@ -258,5 +258,5 @@
       primary_key = 'v1'
     );
   explain_output: |
-    StreamSink { type: upsert, columns: [v1, v2, v3, v4, t1._row_id(hidden)], pk: [t1._row_id] }
+    StreamSink { type: upsert, columns: [v1, v2, v3, v4, t1._row_id(hidden)], downstream_pk: [t1.v1] }
     └─StreamTableScan { table: t1, columns: [v1, v2, v3, v4, _row_id] }
diff --git a/src/frontend/planner_test/tests/testdata/output/sink_into_table.yaml b/src/frontend/planner_test/tests/testdata/output/sink_into_table.yaml
index 1fc6df6613a98..ac9485bc61abb 100644
--- a/src/frontend/planner_test/tests/testdata/output/sink_into_table.yaml
+++ b/src/frontend/planner_test/tests/testdata/output/sink_into_table.yaml
@@ -12,3 +12,20 @@
     StreamProject { exprs: [s.x, Proctime as $expr1, (Proctime - '00:01:00':Interval) as $expr2, null:Serial], output_watermarks: [$expr1, $expr2] }
     └─StreamSink { type: append-only, columns: [x, s._row_id(hidden)] }
       └─StreamTableScan { table: s, columns: [x, _row_id] }
+- sql: |
+    create table t1 (a int primary key, b int);
+    create table t2 (a int, b int primary key);
+    explain create sink s into t1 from t2;
+  explain_output: |
+    StreamProject { exprs: [t2.a, t2.b] }
+    └─StreamSink { type: upsert, columns: [a, b], downstream_pk: [t2.a] }
+      └─StreamExchange { dist: HashShard(t2.a) }
+        └─StreamTableScan { table: t2, columns: [a, b] }
+- sql: |
+    create table t1 (a int primary key, b int);
+    create table t2 (a int, b int primary key);
+    explain create sink s into t1 as select b from t2;
+  explain_output: |
+    StreamProject { exprs: [t2.b, null:Int32] }
+    └─StreamSink { type: upsert, columns: [b], downstream_pk: [t2.b] }
+      └─StreamTableScan { table: t2, columns: [b] }