Task: Question Answering
Input (English): Context: Spain, officially the Kingdom of Spain, is a sovereign state largely located on the Iberian Peninsula in southwestern Europe, with two large archipelagos, the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean Sea and the Canary Islands off the North African Atlantic coast, two cities Ceuta and Melilla in the North African mainland and several small islands in the Alboran Sea near the Moroccan coast. Its mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small land boundary with Gibraltar; to the north and northeast by France, Andorra, and the Bay of Biscay; and to the west and northwest by Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean. It is the only European country to have a border with an African country (Morocco) and its African territory accounts for nearly 5% of its population, mostly in the Canary Islands but also in Ceuta and Melilla., Morocco (', lit. "The West"; '), officially known as the Kingdom of Morocco (', lit. "The Western Kingdom"; '), is a sovereign country located in the Maghreb region of North Africa. Geographically, Morocco is characterized by a rugged mountainous interior, large tracts of desert, and a lengthy coastline along the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea., The Saadi dynasty or Saadian dynasty (Arabic: , "as-saadin"; Berber: , "Isdiyen"; original name Bani Zaydan) was a dynasty that ruled Morocco from 1549 to 1659., Zidan Abu Maali (?  September 1627) was the embattled Sultan of Morocco from 1603 to 1627, ruling only over the southern half of the country after, his brother took the northern half and a Sanhaji rebel from Tafilalt (Ahmed ibn Abi Mahalli) marched on Marrakesh claiming to be the Mahdi. All of which exacerbated by, a context of chaos that ensued a plague pandemic which left a third of the country dead, the end of the Anglo-Spanish war (Treaty of London (1604)) which broke the Anglo-Dutch axis that Morocco was relying upon as a means of protection from Spain, and so caused the Spanish navy to resume devastating raids on the Moroccan coast and the rebellion of one of his provincial governors who established his own independent republic between Azemmour and Salé. He was the son and appointed hair of Ahmad al-Mansur, and resided mostly in Safi where he became encircled after being driven out of Marrakesh and failed military campaigns against the rebellious brother in the north., Ahmad I al-Mansur (also El-Mansour Eddahbi [the Golden], ; and Ahmed el-Mansour; 1549 in Fes  25 August 1603, outskirts of Fes) was Sultan of the Saadi dynasty from 1578 to his death in 1603, the sixth and most famous of all rulers of the Saadis. Ahmad al-Mansur was an important figure in both Europe and Africa in the sixteenth century, his powerful army and strategic location made him an important power player in the late Renaissance period., Abu Faris Abdallah , nicknamed al - Wathik Billah ( 1564 -- 1608 ) was a ruler of the Saadi dynasty . He was one of the three sons of Ahmad al - Mansur and reigned in different parts of the country ( 1603 -- 1608 ) , the South , Marrakesh and Fez . He especially fought his brother Zidan Abu Maali ( r. 1603 -- 1627 ) ., Sultan (') is a noble title with several historical meanings. Originally, it was an Arabic abstract noun meaning "strength", "authority", "rulership", derived from the verbal noun ', meaning "authority" or "power". Later, it came to be used as the title of certain rulers who claimed almost full sovereignty in practical terms (i.e., the lack of dependence on any higher ruler), albeit without claiming the overall caliphate, or to refer to a powerful governor of a province within the caliphate., Subject: abu faris abdallah, Relation: position_held, Options: (A) governor (B) ruler (C) sovereign (D) sultan
Output (English): sultan