Task: Question Answering
Input (English): Context: Nikolai Ivanovich Shakura (    ; born October 7 , 1945 in Belarus SSR ) is a Russian astrophysicist . He is the head of the relativistic astrophysics department at the Sternberg Astronomical Institute , Moscow University . As a well - known specialist in the theory of accretion disks , as well as X-ray binaries , together with Rashid Sunyaev , he is particularly famous as the developer of the standard theory of disk accretion ., Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU often abbreviated ) is a coeducational and public research university located in Moscow, Russia. It was founded on January 25, 1755 by Mikhail Lomonosov. MSU was renamed after Lomonosov in 1940 and was then known as "Lomonosov University". It also claims to house the tallest educational building in the world. It is rated among the universities with the best reputation in the world. Its current rector is Viktor Sadovnichiy., Astrophysics is the branch of astronomy that employs the principles of physics and chemistry "to ascertain the nature of the heavenly bodies, rather than their positions or motions in space." Among the objects studied are the Sun, other stars, galaxies, extrasolar planets, the interstellar medium and the cosmic microwave background. Their emissions are examined across all parts of the electromagnetic spectrum, and the properties examined include luminosity, density, temperature, and chemical composition. Because astrophysics is a very broad subject, "astrophysicists" typically apply many disciplines of physics, including mechanics, electromagnetism, statistical mechanics, thermodynamics, quantum mechanics, relativity, nuclear and particle physics, and atomic and molecular physics., The Sternberg Astronomical Institute (     in Russian), also known as GAISh (), is a research institution in Moscow, Russia, a division of Moscow State University. The institute is named after astronomer Pavel Karlovich Shternberg., Rashid Alievich Sunyaev (Cyrillic:   ; born March 1, 1943 in Tashkent, USSR) is a Soviet and Russian astrophysicist of Tatar descent. He was educated at the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MS). He became a professor at MIPT in 1974. Sunyaev was the head of the High Energy Astrophysics Department of the Russian Academy of Sciences, and has been chief scientist of the Academy's Space Research Institute since 1992. He has also been a director of the Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics in Garching, Germany since 1996., Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, known informally as PhysTech, is a leading Russian university, originally established during the Soviet Union. It prepares specialists in theoretical and applied physics, applied mathematics, and related disciplines., Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a federal parliamentary republic in central-western Europe. It includes 16 constituent states, covers an area of , and has a largely temperate seasonal climate. With about 82 million inhabitants, Germany is the most populous member state of the European Union. After the United States, it is the second most popular immigration destination in the world. Germany's capital and largest metropolis is Berlin. Other major cities include Hamburg, Munich, Cologne, Frankfurt, Stuttgart and Düsseldorf., Thermodynamics is a branch of science concerned with heat and temperature and their relation to energy and work. The behavior of these quantities is governed by the four laws of thermodynamics, irrespective of the composition or specific properties of the material or system in question. The laws of thermodynamics are explained in terms of microscopic constituents by statistical mechanics. Thermodynamics applies to a wide variety of topics in science and engineering, especially physical chemistry, chemical engineering and mechanical engineering., The Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS; "Rossíiskaya akadémiya naúk") consists of the national academy of Russia; a network of scientific research institutes from across the Russian Federation; and additional scientific and social units such as libraries, publishing units, and hospitals., Subject: nikolai shakura, Relation: educated_at, Options: (A) berlin (B) mechanical engineering (C) moscow institute of physics and technology (D) moscow state university (E) russian academy of sciences
Output (English): moscow state university