Task: Question Answering
Input (English): Context: The Zhou dynasty was a Chinese dynasty that followed the Shang dynasty and preceded the Qin dynasty. Although the Zhou dynasty lasted longer than any other dynasty in Chinese history, the actual political and military control of China by the dynasty, surnamed Ji, lasted only until 771 BC, a period known as the Western Zhou., The Book of Documents (Shujing, earlier "Shu-king") or Classic of History, also known as the Shangshu, is one of the Five Classics of ancient Chinese literature. It is a collection of rhetorical prose attributed to figures of ancient China, and served as the foundation of Chinese political philosophy for over 2,000 years., The Xia dynasty (c. 2070  c. 1600 BCE) is the first dynasty in traditional Chinese history. It is described in ancient historical chronicles such as the "Bamboo Annals", the "Classic of History" and the "Records of the Grand Historian". According to tradition, the dynasty was established by the legendary Yu the Great after Shun, the last of the Five Emperors gave his throne to him. The Xia was later succeeded by the Shang dynasty (c. 1600 c. 1046 BCE)., The Records of the Grand Historian, now usually known as the Shjì ("The Scribe's Records"), is a monumental history of ancient China and the world finished around 94 BC by the Han dynasty official Sima Qian after having been started by his father, Sima Tan, Grand Astrologer to the imperial court. The work covers the world as it was then known to the Chinese and a 2500-year period from the age of the legendary Yellow Emperor to the reign of Emperor Wu of Han in the author's own time., The XiaShangZhou Chronology Project was a multi-disciplinary project commissioned by the People's Republic of China in 1996 to determine with accuracy the location and time frame of the Xia, Shang, and Zhou dynasties. Tsinghua University professor Li Xueqin was the director, and some 200 experts took part in the project, which correlated radiocarbon dating, archaeological dating methods, historical textual analysis, astronomy, and other methods to achieve greater temporal and geographic accuracy. Preliminary results of the project were released in November 2000. However, several of the project's methods and conclusions have been disputed by other scholars., The Shang dynasty or Yin dynasty, according to traditional historiography, ruled in the Yellow River valley in the second millennium BC, succeeding the Xia dynasty and followed by the Zhou dynasty. The classic account of the Shang comes from texts such as the "Book of Documents", "Bamboo Annals" and "Records of the Grand Historian". According to the traditional chronology based on calculations made approximately 2,000 years ago by Liu Xin, the Shang ruled from 1766 to 1122 BC, but according to the chronology based upon the "current text" of "Bamboo Annals", they ruled from 1556 to 1046 BC. The XiaShangZhou Chronology Project dated them from c. 1600 to 1046 BC., Jian Jia or He Dan Jia ( Chinese :  ) was a Shang dynasty King of China . In the Records of the Grand Historian he was listed by Sima Qian as the twelfth Shang king , succeeding his father Wai Ren . He was enthroned in the year of Gengshen ( Chinese :  ) with Ao (  ) as his capital . In the first year of his reign , he moved his capital to Xiang ( Chinese :  ) . In the third year of his reign , his Minister Pengbo ( Chinese :  ) conquered Pi ( Chinese :  ) who had rebelled against his father . In the fourth year of his reign he launched another attack against the Blue Barbarians . In the fifth year of his reign the Xian ( Chinese :  ) occupied Banfang ( Chinese :  ) but were later defeated by the king 's ministers Pengbo and Weibo ( Chinese :  ) and sent an envoy to the Shang . He ruled for 9 years before his death . He was given the posthumous name He Dan Jia and was succeeded by his son Zu Yi . Oracle script inscriptions on bones unearthed at Yinxu alternatively record that he was the eleventh Shang king , given the posthumous name Jian Jia ( Chinese :  ) and succeeded by his brother Zu Yi ., Liu Xin (c. 50 BC  AD 23), courtesy name Zijun, was a Chinese astronomer, historian, and editor during the Western Han Dynasty (206 BC-AD 9) and Xin Dynasty (AD 923). He later changed his name to Liu Xiu due to the naming taboo of Emperor Ai of Han. He was the son of Confucian scholar Liu Xiang (776 BC) and an associate of other prominent thinkers such as the philosopher Huan Tan (d. 28 AD). Liu founded the Old Text school of Confucianism., Subject: he dan jia, Relation: date_of_birth, Options: (A) 1046 (B) 1556 (C) 1600 (D) 1600 bce (E) 1996 (F) 2 (G) 206 (H) 28 (I) 50 (J) 77 (K) 771 (L) 94
Output (English): 1600 bce