Task: Question Answering
Input (English): Context: A medium - range ballistic missile ( MRBM ) is a type of ballistic missile with medium range , this last classification depending on the standards of certain organizations . Within the U.S. Department of Defense , a medium range missile is defined by having a maximum range of between 1,000 and 3,000 km. In modern terminology , MRBMs are part of the wider grouping of theatre ballistic missiles , which includes any ballistic missile with a range of less than 3,500 km., A rocket (from Italian "rocchetto" "bobbin") is a missile, spacecraft, aircraft or other vehicle that obtains thrust from a rocket engine. Rocket engine exhaust is formed entirely from propellant carried within the rocket before use. Rocket engines work by action and reaction and push rockets forward simply by expelling their exhaust in the opposite direction at high speed, and can therefore work in the vacuum of space., A trajectory or flight path is the path that a moving object follows through space as a function of time. The object might be a projectile or a satellite. For example, it can be an orbitthe path of a planet, an asteroid, or a comet as it travels around a central mass. A trajectory can be described mathematically either by the geometry of the path or as the position of the object over time.
In control theory a trajectory is a time-ordered set of states of a dynamical system (see e.g. Poincaré map). In discrete mathematics, a trajectory is a sequence formula_1 of values calculated by the iterated application of a mapping formula_2 to an element formula_3 of its source., In modern language, a missile is a self-propelled precision-guided munition system, as opposed to an unguided self-propelled munition, referred to as a rocket (although these too can also be guided). Missiles have four system components: targeting and/or missile guidance, flight system, engine, and warhead. Missiles come in types adapted for different purposes: surface-to-surface and air-to-surface missiles (ballistic, cruise, anti-ship, anti-tank, etc.), surface-to-air missiles (and anti-ballistic), air-to-air missiles, and anti-satellite weapons. All known existing missiles are designed to be propelled during powered flight by chemical reactions inside a rocket engine, jet engine, or other type of engine. Non-self-propelled airborne explosive devices are generally referred to as shells and usually have a shorter range than missiles., A ballistic missile is a missile that follows a ballistic trajectory with the objective of delivering one or more warheads to a predetermined target. A ballistic missile is only guided during relatively brief periods of flight (there are unguided ballistic missiles as well, such as 9K52 Luna-M, although these may well be considered rockets), and most of its trajectory is unpowered and governed by gravity and air resistance if in the atmosphere. This contrasts to a cruise missile, which is aerodynamically guided in powered flight. Long range intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBM) are launched on a sub-orbital flight trajectory and spend most of their flight out of the atmosphere. Shorter range ballistic missiles stay within the Earth's atmosphere., An intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) is a guided ballistic missile with a minimum range of primarily designed for nuclear weapons delivery (delivering one or more thermonuclear warheads). Similarly, conventional, chemical, and biological weapons can also be delivered with varying effectiveness, but have never been deployed on ICBMs. Most modern designs support multiple independently targetable reentry vehicles (MIRVs), allowing a single missile to carry several warheads, each of which can strike a different target., A cruise missile is a guided missile used against terrestrial targets that remains in the atmosphere and flies the major portion of its flight path at approximately constant speed. Cruise missiles are designed to deliver a large warhead over long distances with high precision; that is, small circular error probability. Modern cruise missiles are capable of travelling at supersonic or high subsonic speeds, are self-navigating, and are able to fly on a non-ballistic, extremely low-altitude trajectory., The 9K52 "Luna-M" is a Soviet short-range artillery rocket system. The 9M21 rockets are unguided and spin-stabilized. Its GRAU designation is 9K52, and its NATO reporting name is FROG-7. "FROG" is an acronym for "Free Rocket Over Ground"., The term warhead refers to the explosive or toxic material that is delivered by a missile, rocket, or torpedo., Subject: medium-range ballistic missile, Relation: subclass_of, Options: (A) aircraft (B) application (C) artillery (D) asteroid (E) atmosphere (F) comet (G) dynamical system (H) flight (I) gravity (J) language (K) map (L) mass (M) material (N) missile (O) objective (P) path (Q) position (R) propellant (S) range (T) rocket (U) sequence (V) single (W) space (X) spacecraft (Y) speed (Z) support ([) surface (\) system (]) tank (^) term (_) theory (`) time (a) trajectory (b) type (c) vehicle
Output (English): rocket