Task: Question Answering
Input (English): Context: The Persian Gulf is a mediterranean sea in Western Asia. The body of water is an extension of the Indian Ocean (Gulf of Oman) through the Strait of Hormuz and lies between Iran to the northeast and the Arabian Peninsula to the southwest. The Shatt al-Arab river delta forms the northwest shoreline., Dhi Qar Governorate is a governorate in southern Iraq. The provincial capital is Nasiriyah. Prior to 1976 the governorate was known as Muntafiq Governorate. Dhi Qar was the heartland of the ancient Iraqi civilization of Sumer, and includes the ruins of Ur, Eridu, Lagash, Larsa, Girsu, Umma, and Bad-tibira. The southern area of the governorate is covered by Mesopotamian Marshes., Iraq (, or ; '; '), officially known as the Republic of Iraq ('; ') is a country in Western Asia, bordered by Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, Kuwait to the southeast, Saudi Arabia to the south, Jordan to the southwest, and Syria to the west. The capital, and largest city, is Baghdad. The main ethnic groups are Arabs and Kurds; others include Assyrians, Turkmen, Shabakis, Yazidis, Armenians, Mandeans, Circassians, and Kawliya. Around 95% of the country's 36 million citizens are Muslims, with Christianity, Yarsan, Yezidism, and Mandeanism also present. The official languages of Iraq are Arabic and Kurdish., The Euphrates (Sumerian: : "Buranuna", : "Purattu", : "al-Furt", : "Prt", : "Yeprat", : "Perat", ) is the longest and one of the most historically important rivers of Western Asia. Together with the Tigris, it is one of the two defining rivers of Mesopotamia. Originating in eastern Turkey, the Euphrates flows through Syria and Iraq to join the Tigris in the Shatt al-Arab, which empties into the Persian Gulf., Sumer was the first urban civilization in the historical region of southern Mesopotamia, modern-day southern Iraq, during the Chalcolithic and Early Bronze ages, and arguably the first civilization in the world with Ancient Egypt and the Indus Valley. Living along the valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates, Sumerian farmers were able to grow an abundance of grain and other crops, the surplus of which enabled them to settle in one place., Mesopotamia ("[land] between rivers"; from Ancient Armenian  (Mijagetq); "bild ar-rfidayn" "miyn rodn"; "Beth Nahrain" "land of rivers") is a name for the area of the TigrisEuphrates river system, in modern days roughly corresponding to most of Iraq plus Kuwait, the eastern parts of Syria, Southeastern Turkey, and regions along the Turkish-Syrian and IranIraq borders., A city-state is a sovereign state that consists of a city and its dependent territories. Historically, this included cities such as Rome, Athens, Carthage, and the Italian city-states during the Renaissancebut today only a handful of sovereign city-states exist, with some disagreement as to which are city-states. A great deal of consensus exists that the term properly applies to Singapore, Monaco, and Vatican City., Sargon of Akkad , also known as Sargon the Great `` the Great King '' ( Akkadian  Šarru - knu , meaning `` the true king '' or `` the king is legitimate '' ) , was a Semitic Akkadian emperor known for his conquest of the Sumerian city - states in the 24th and 23rd centuries BC. The founder of the Dynasty of Akkad , Sargon reigned during the penultimate quarter of the third millennium BC. Cuneiform sources agree that he was cup - bearer ( official in charge of wine ) of king Ur - Zababa of Kish , and some later historians have speculated that he killed the king and usurped his throne before embarking on the quest to conquer Mesopotamia . He was originally referred to as Sargon I until records concerning an Assyrian king also named Sargon ( now usually referred to as Sargon I ) were unearthed . Sargon 's vast empire is thought to have included large parts of Mesopotamia , and included parts of modern - day Iran , Asia Minor and Syria . He ruled from a new , but as yet archaeologically unidentified capital , Akkad , which the Sumerian king list claims he built ( or possibly renovated ) . He is sometimes regarded as the first person in recorded history to create a multiethnic , centrally ruled empire , although the Sumerians Lugal - anne - mundu and Lugal - zage - si also have a claim . His dynasty controlled Mesopotamia for around a century and a half . He is a well known king of the Akkadians ., Ur (Sumerian: "Urim"; Sumerian Cuneiform: or ; Akkadian: "Uru") was an important Sumerian city-state in ancient Mesopotamia, located at the site of modern Tell el-Muqayyar in south Iraq's Dhi Qar Governorate. Although Ur was once a coastal city near the mouth of the Euphrates on the Persian Gulf, the coastline has shifted and the city is now well inland, south of the Euphrates on its right bank, 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) from Nasiriyah., Akkadian ("akkadû", ak-ka-du-u; logogram: URI ) is an extinct East Semitic language (part of the greater Afroasiatic language family) that was spoken in ancient Mesopotamia. The earliest attested Semitic language, it used the cuneiform writing system, which was originally used to write the unrelated Ancient Sumerian, a language isolate. The language was named after the city of Akkad, a major centre of Mesopotamian civilization during the Akkadian Empire (ca. 23342154 BC), but the language itself precedes the founding of Akkad by many centuries., Subject: sargon of akkad, Relation: country_of_citizenship, Options: (A) akkadian empire (B) arab (C) athens (D) iran (E) iraq (F) jordan (G) kuwait (H) oman (I) saudi arabia (J) singapore (K) sumer (L) syria (M) turkey (N) vatican city
Output (English): akkadian empire