Task: Question Answering
Input (English): Context: Najafabad (also Romanized as Najafbd) is a city in and the capital of Najafabad County, Isfahan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 206,114, in 54,529 families. It is located west of Isfahan and is increasingly becoming a part of Isfahan Metropolitan area., Iran (, also , ; ' ), also known as Persia, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (' ), is a sovereign state in Western Asia. It is bordered to the northwest by Armenia, the "de facto" Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, and Azerbaijan; to the north by the Caspian Sea; to the northeast by Turkmenistan; to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan; to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman; and to the west by Turkey and Iraq. Comprising a land area of , it is the second-largest country in the Middle East and the 18th-largest in the world. With 82.8 million inhabitants, Iran is the world's 17th-most-populous country. It is the only country with both a Caspian Sea and an Indian Ocean coastline. The country's central location in Eurasia and Western Asia, and its proximity to the Strait of Hormuz, make it of great geostrategic importance. Tehran is the country's capital and largest city, as well as its leading economic center., Geography.
The Isfahan province covers an area of approximately 107,027 square km and is situated in the center of Iran. To its north, stand the Markazi (Central) Province and the provinces of Qom and Semnan. To its south, it is bordered by the provinces of Fars, and Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province. Aminabad is the most southern city of Isfahan province just 2 km north of the border. To the east, it is bordered by the province of Yazd. To the west, it is bordered by the province of Lurestan and to the southwest by the province of Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiyari., Isfahan (: pronounced ), historically also rendered in English as Ispahan, Sepahan, Esfahan or Hispahan, is the capital of Isfahan Province in Iran, located about south of Tehran. At the 2011 census, it had a population of 1,756,126 and its built-up ("or metro") area was home to 2,391,738 inhabitants including Khomeynishahr, Shahinshahr, Khvorasgan, Dorcheh Piaz, Falavarjan, Kelishad Va Sudarjan, Abrisham, Kushk and Kharizsang cities. The Greater Isfahan Region had a population of 3,793,104 in the 2011 Census, the second most populous metropolitan area in Iran after Tehran. The counties of Isfahan, Borkhar, Najafabad, Khomeynishahr, Shahinshahr, Mobarakeh, Falavarjan, Tiran o Karvan, Lenjan and Jay all constitute the metropolitan city of Isfahan., Ibn Rustah ( in Persian :     - Amad ebn Roste Efahn , also spelled Ibn Rusta , Ibn Ruste ) was a 10th - century Persian explorer and geographer born in Rosta district , Isfahan , Persia . He wrote a geographical compendium known as Book of Precious Records . The information on his home town of Isfahan is especially extensive and valuable . Ibn Rustah states that , while for other lands he had to depend on second - hand reports , often acquired with great difficulty and with no means of checking their veracity , for Isfahan he could use his own experience and observations or statements from others known to be reliable . Thus we have a description of the twenty districts ( rostaqs ) of Isfahan containing details not found in other geographers ' works . Concerning the town itself , we learn that it was perfectly circular in shape , with a circumference of half a farsang , walls defended by a hundred towers , and four gates . His information on the non-Islamic peoples of Europe and Inner Asia makes him a useful source for these obscure regions ( he was even aware of the existence of the British Isles and of the Heptarchy of Anglo - Saxon England ) and for the prehistory of the Turks and other steppe peoples . He travelled to Novgorod with the Rus ' , and compiled books relating his own travels , as well as second - hand knowledge of the Khazars , Magyars , Slavs , Bulgars , and other peoples . He wrote of tenth - century city of the Rus ' : `` As for the Rus , they live on an island ... that takes three days to walk round and is covered with thick undergrowth and forests ; ... They harry the Slavs , using ships to reach them ; they carry them off as slaves and ... sell them . They have no fields but simply live on what they get from the Slav 's lands ... When a son is born , the father will go up to the newborn baby , sword in hand ; throwing it down , he says , ' I shall not leave you with any property : You have only what you can provide with this weapon . ' '' His impression of the Rus ' seems to be very favourable : `` They carry clean clothes and the men adorn themselves with bracelets and gold . They treat their slaves well and also they carry exquisite clothes , because they put great effort in trade . They have many towns . They have a most friendly attitude towards foreigners and strangers who seek refuge . '' This is in contrast to the account of Ibn Fadlan and other Arab authors whose views on hygiene ( based on Islamic teachings on cleanliness and Islamic medical knowledge ) contrasted with that of the Rus ' . However , the word clean initially appeared in the first Russian translation of Ibn Rustah by professor Daniel Chwolson ( who also misspelled his name as Ibn Dasta ( h ) ) . Consecutive Russian editions of Chwolson 's translation include a footnote saying that the Arabic original clearly says the opposite , unclean or impure , and suggesting that Chwolson made such a correction intentionally , out of a remote concern that modern Russians might be offended by such characteristic . Of ancient Croatia he wrote in the chronicle Al - Djarmi : `` Their ruler is crowned ... He dwells in the midst of the Slavs ... He bears the title of ' ruler of rulers ' and is called ' sacred king ' . He is more powerful than the Zupan ( viceroy ) , who is his deputy ... His capital is called Drzvab where is held a fair of three days every month . '' About a certain king of the Caucasus Ibn Rustah wrote : `` He prayed on Fridays with the Muslims , on Saturdays with the Jews , and on Sundays with the Christians . ' Since each religion claims that it is the only true one and that the others are invalid ' , the king explained , ' I have decided to hedge my bets . ' '' He also traveled extensively in Arabia and is one of the early Persian explorers to describe the city of Sana'a . In his Book of Precious Records , he writes : `` It is the city of Yemen -- there not being found in the highland or the Tihama or the Hijaz a city greater , more populous or more prosperous , of more noble origin or more delicious food than it . ... San'a is a populous city with fine dwellings , some above others , but most of them are decorated with plaster , burned bricks , and dressed stones . '', Tehran ( "Tehrn") is the capital of Iran and Tehran Province. With a population of around 9 million in the city and 16 million in the wider metropolitan area, Tehran is the most populous city of Iran, the 2nd-most populous city in Western Asia and the 3rd-largest metropolitan area in the Middle East. It is ranked 29th in the world by the population of its metropolitan area., Mobarakeh (also Romanized as Mobrakeh and Mubrakeh) is a city in and the capital of Mobarakeh County, Isfahan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 62,454, in 16,583 families. Mobarakeh Steel Company (MSC, Persian:  , Foolad Mobarakeh) is an Iranian steel company, located 65 km south west of Esfahan, near the city of Mobarakeh. It is Iran's largest steel maker, and one of the largest industrial complexes operating in Iran. It was first commissioned after the Iranian Revolution in 1979 and officially initiated operations during 1993. Underwent major revamping during year 2000, and was scheduled for a second and third revamping in 20092010, bringing the total steel output to 7,200,000 metric tons per year. The company owns the successful football club, F.C. Sepahan., Falavarjan (also Romanized as Falvarjn, Falvar Jn, and Felvarjn; also known as Pol-e Vargn, Pol-e Varqn, Pul-i-Vargn, and Mollvarjn) is a city in and the capital of Falavarjan County, Isfahan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 37,740, in 9,097 families., Rosta or Rustah (in Persian: ) was the name of a district in Isfahan area in Iran attested in historical sources. The Persian explorer Ibn Rustah was a native of Rosta., Subject: ahmad ibn rustah, Relation: given_name, Options: (A) ahmad (B) an (C) asia (D) home (E) iran (F) just (G) per
Output (English): ahmad