Task: Question Answering
Input (English): Context: Warner Communications Inc. was established in 1972 when Kinney National Company spun off its non-entertainment assets due to a financial scandal over its parking operations (as National Kinney Corporation), and changed its name., Cable television is a system of delivering television programming to paying subscribers via radio frequency (RF) signals transmitted through coaxial cables or, in the 2010s, light pulses through fiber-optic cables. This contrasts with broadcast television, in which the television signal is transmitted over the air by radio waves and received by a television antenna attached to the television. FM radio programming, high-speed Internet, telephone services, and similar non-television services may also be provided through these cables.
Analog television was standard in the 20th century, but since the 2000s, cable systems have been upgraded to digital cable operation., Heavy metal (or simply metal) is a genre of rock music that developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s, largely in the United Kingdom and the United States. With roots in blues rock and psychedelic/acid rock, the bands that created heavy metal developed a thick, massive sound, characterized by highly amplified distortion, extended guitar solos, emphatic beats, and overall loudness. Heavy metal lyrics and performance styles are sometimes associated with aggression and machismo., Warner-Amex Satellite Entertainment was a joint venture owned/operated by Warner Communications and American Express that developed interactive television shows in the 1970s and 80's and initiated several successful cable networks that remain well-known., Metal : A Headbanger 's Journey is a 2005 documentary directed by Sam Dunn with Scot McFadyen and Jessica Wise . The film follows 31 - year - old Dunn , a Canadian anthropologist , who has been a heavy metal fan since the age of 12 . Dunn sets out across the world to uncover the various opinions on heavy metal music , including its origins , culture , controversy , and the reasons it is loved by so many people . The film made its debut at the 2005 Toronto International Film Festival , and was released as a two - disc special edition DVD in the US on September 19 , 2006 . A follow - up to the film titled Global Metal premiered at the Bergen International Film Festival on October 17 , 2007 , and saw limited release in theatres in June 2008 . Dunn has also elaborated upon his `` Heavy Metal Family Tree '' in the VH1 series Metal Evolution , which focuses on one subgenre per episode ., The 30th Toronto International Film Festival ran from September 817 and screened 335 films from 52 countries - 109 of these films were world premieres, and 78 were North American premieres., A master's degree (from Latin "magister") is a second-cycle academic degree awarded by universities or colleges upon completion of a course of study demonstrating mastery or a high-order overview of a specific field of study or area of professional practice. A master's degree normally requires previous study at the bachelor's level, either as a separate degree or as part of an integrated course. Within the area studied, master's graduates are expected to possess advanced knowledge of a specialized body of theoretical and applied topics; high order skills in analysis, critical evaluation, or professional application; and the ability to solve complex problems and think rigorously and independently., Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. (known professionally as Turner Broadcasting System and also known simply as Turner) is an American media conglomerate that is a division of Time Warner and manages the collection of cable television networks and properties initiated or acquired by Ted Turner. The company was founded in 1970, and merged with Time Warner on October 10, 1996. It now operates as a semi-autonomous unit of Time Warner. The company's assets include CNN, HLN, TBS, TNT, Cartoon Network, Adult Swim, Boomerang and TruTV. The company's current chairman and CEO is John K. Martin. The headquarters of Turner's properties are located in both the CNN Center in Downtown Atlanta and the Turner Broadcasting campus off Techwood Drive in Midtown Atlanta, which also houses Turner Studios. Across Interstate 75/85 from the Techwood campus is the original home of Turner's WTBS superstation (now separated into its TBS cable network and Peachtree TV), which today houses the headquarters of Adult Swim and Williams Street Productions., The Cable Music Channel (CMC) was an American basic cable channel that was owned by the Turner Broadcasting System. The all-music video channel was created by Ted Turner and launched in 1984, providing the first national competition to MTV. Turner later stated that the channel existed at the behest of the cable industry as a defense mechanism against MTV's unsuccessful attempts to increase the fees that cable providers paid to carry the channel by twofold; Turner offered the channel without any carriage fees., The Toronto International Film Festival (TIFF, stylized as tiff.) is one of the largest publicly attended film festivals in the world, attracting over 480,000 people annually. Over the last 40 years, TIFF has grown to become a year-round destination for film culture operating out of the TIFF Bell Lightbox, a dynamic centre for film culture that offers visitors a presentation that includes new releases, live film events and an interactive gallery., York University is a public research university in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is Canada's third-largest university., Sam Dunn (born 20 March 1974) is a Canadian musician, film director, and anthropologist best known for his series of documentaries on heavy metal music. Together with Scot McFadyen, Dunn owns the Toronto based production company Banger Films. Dunn holds a bachelor's degree in anthropology from the University of Victoria and a master's degree from York University where his thesis work centered on Guatemalan refugees., MTV (originally an initialism of Music Television) is an American cable and satellite television channel owned by Viacom Media Networks (a division of Viacom) and headquartered in New York City. Launched on August 1, 1981, the channel originally aired music videos as guided by television personalities known as "video jockeys" (VJs). In its early years, MTV's main target demographic was young adults, but today it is primarily towards teenagers, high school students and college students. MTV has toned down its music video programming significantly in recent years, and its programming now consists mainly of original reality, comedy and drama programming and some off-network syndicated programs and films, with limited music video programming in off-peak time periods. It has received criticism towards this change of focus, both by certain segments of its audience and musicians. MTV's influence on its audience, including issues involving censorship and social activism, has also been a subject of debate for several years., Toronto is the most populous city in Canada, the provincial capital of Ontario, and the centre of the Greater Toronto Area, the most populous metropolitan area in Canada. Growing in population, the 2011 census recorded a population of 2,615,060. As of 2015, the population is now estimated at 2,826,498, making Toronto the fourth-largest city in North America based on the population within its city limits. Toronto trails only Mexico City, New York City, and Los Angeles by this measure, while it is the fifth-largest (behind also Chicago) if ranked by the size of its metropolitan area . An established global city, Toronto is an international centre of business, finance, arts, and culture, and widely recognized as one of the most multicultural and cosmopolitan cities in the world., VH1 (originally an initialism of Video Hits One) is an American cable television network based in New York City that is owned by the Viacom Global Entertainment Group, a unit of Viacom Media Networks. The channel was first launched on January 1, 1985 in the old space of Turner Broadcasting System's short-lived Cable Music Channel. It was originally created by Warner-Amex Satellite Entertainment, at the time a division of Warner Communications and the original owner of MTV (MTV and VH1 are now both owned by Viacom Media Networks)., Global Metal is a 2007 documentary film directed by Scot McFadyen and Canadian anthropologist Sam Dunn. It is a follow-up to their successful 2005 documentary, "". The film's international premiere took place at the Bergen International Film Festival on October 17, 2007. "Global Metal" aims to show the impact of globalization on the heavy metal underground as well as how different people from different cultures are transforming heavy metal music., The University of Victoria (UVic or Victoria) is a public research university located in Saanich and Oak Bay within Greater Victoria, British Columbia. The university was founded as Victoria College in 1903, as an affiliate branch of McGill University. A non-denominational institution, it was officially chartered as the University of Victoria in 1963. The university's annual enrollment is around 20,000 students. UVic's campus is known for its innovative architecture, beautiful gardens, and mild climate., Viacom Media Networks (formerly MTV Networks) is an American mass media division of Viacom that oversees the operations of many of its television channels and Internet brands, including Nickelodeon, BET, CMT, Comedy Central, VH1 and the original MTV channel in the United States. Its sister international division is Viacom International Media Networks., Subject: metal: a headbanger's journey, Relation: genre, Options: (A) acid rock (B) adult (C) blues rock (D) cartoon (E) comedy (F) criticism (G) culture (H) documentary (I) documentary film (J) drama (K) entertainment (L) finance (M) genre (N) heavy metal (O) march (P) mass (Q) music (R) music video (S) radio (T) research (U) rock (V) study (W) television (X) video
Output (English): documentary film