Task: Question Answering
Input (English): Context: Central Asia or Middle Asia is the core region of the Asian continent and stretches from the Caspian Sea in the west to China in the east and from Afghanistan in the south to Russia in the north. It is also colloquially referred to as "the 'stans" (as the six countries generally considered to be within the region all have names ending with the Persian suffix "-stan", meaning "land of") and is within the scope of the wider Eurasian continent., The Republic of Kalmykia ("Xamg Tañhç") is a province of Russia (a republic). As of the 2010 Census, its population was 289,481., A province is almost always an administrative division, within a country or state. The term derives from the ancient Roman "provincia", which was the major territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire's territorial possessions outside Italy. The term province has since been adopted by many countries, and in those with no actual provinces, it has come to mean "outside the capital city". While some provinces were produced artificially by colonial powers, others were formed around local groups with their own ethnic identities. Many have their own powers independent of federal authority, especially in Canada. In other countries, like China, provinces are the creation of central government, with very little autonomy., Hohhot (Khalkha:   "Höh hot"), abbreviated Hushi, formerly known as Kweisui, is the capital of Inner Mongolia in North China, serving as the region's administrative, economic, and cultural centre., The Mongols ("Mongolchuud") are an East-Central Asian ethnic group native to Mongolia and China's Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. They also live as minorities in other regions of China (e.g. Xinjiang), as well as in Russia. Mongolian people belonging to the Buryat and Kalmyk subgroups live predominantly in the Russian federal subjects of Buryatia and Kalmykia., The Chahars ( Khalkha Mongolian :  , Tsahar ) are a subgroup of the Mongol people that speak the Chahar dialect of the Mongolian language and predominantly live in southeastern Inner Mongolia of China . The Chahars were originally one of estates of Kublai Khan located around Jingzhao ( now Xi'an ) . They moved from Shaanxi to southeastern region controlled by the Northern Yuan dynasty based in Mongolia in the 15th century . The Chahar became a tumen of six tumen Mongols under Dayan Khan and were led by his successors , thus becoming personal appanage of the Mongolian Khans . Oppressed by Altan Khan , the Chahars , led by Darayisung Gödeng Khan , moved eastward onto the Liao River in the middle of the 16th century . In the early 17th century Ligden Khan made an expedition to the west because of the Manchu pressure . When he died in Gansu on his way to Tibet , his son Ejei surrendered to the Manchus in 1635 and was given the title of Prince ( Qin Wang ,  ) , and Inner Mongolian nobility became closely tied to the Qing royal family and intermarried with them extensively . Ejei Khan died in 1661 and was succeeded by his brother Abunai . The Chahar royal family kept favorable relations with the Manchu imperial family until Makata gege , who was a daughter of Hong Taiji and married to the Chahar Mongol prince , died in 1663 . After Abunai showed disaffection with Manchu Qing rule , he was placed under house arrested in 1669 in Shenyang and the Kangxi Emperor gave his title to his son Borni . Abunai then bid his time and then he and his brother Lubuzung revolted against the Qing in 1675 during the Revolt of the Three Feudatories , with 3,000 Chahar Mongol followers joining in on the revolt . The revolt was put down within two months , the Qing then crushed the rebels in a battle on April 20 , 1675 , killing Abunai and all his followers . Their title was abolished , all Chahar Mongol royal males were executed even if they were born to Manchu Qing princesses , and all Chahar Mongol royal females were sold into slavery except the Manchu Qing princesses . As a result of the rebellion , the Chahar Mongols were reorganized into the Chahar Banners and moved to around Zhangjiakou Hill . The Chahar Mongols did not belong to a league but were directly controlled by the Emperor . The Qing authorities resettled some of their population from the suburbs of Hohhot and Dolonnur to Ili after the fall of the Dzungar Khanate in c. 1758 . They were largely mixed with Ööled and Torguud of the region . When Outer Mongolia declared its independence from the Qing in 1911 , 100 households under former vice-governor Sumya fled from Xinjiang via the Russian border to Mongolia . They were resettled by the Khalkha in the west of Kyakhta . Sumiya and his Tsahars contributed to the revolution of 1921 . They are known as the Selenge 's Tsahar since settled in Selenge . Many of the Chinese troops during the occupation of Mongolia in 1919 were Tsahar ( Chahar ) Mongols Inner Mongolia , which has been a major cause for animosity between Outer Mongols ( Khalkhas ) and Inner Mongols ., Chifeng, also known as Ulanhad (( ) "Ulaanqada qota" , "red cliff"), is a prefecture-level city in southeastern Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China. It borders Xilin Gol League to the north and west, Tongliao to the northeast, Chaoyang (Liaoning) to the southeast, and Chengde (Hebei) to the south. The city has a total administrative area of and has a population of 4,341,245 inhabitants. As of the 2010 census, 1,094,970 of these residents reside within in the urban districts of Hongshan, Yuanbaoshan and Songshan. However, a large part of Songshan is still rural and Yuanbaoshan is a de facto separate town 27 kilometers away from the core district of Chifeng. The city was the administrative centre of the defunct Ju Ud League., Gansu (Xiao'erjing:   "Gansw") is a province of the People's Republic of China, located in the northwest of the country., The Republic of Buryatia is a federal subject of Russia (a republic), located in Asia in Siberia. Its capital is the city of Ulan-Ude. Its area is with a population of 972,021 (2010 Census)., A sovereign state is, in international law, a nonphysical juridical entity that is represented by one centralised government that has sovereignty over a geographic area. International law defines sovereign states as having a permanent population, defined territory, one government, and the capacity to enter into relations with other sovereign states. It is also normally understood that a sovereign state is neither dependent on nor subjected to any other power or state., The classical Mongolian script (in Mongolian script: "Mongol biig"; in Mongolian Cyrillic:   "Mongol bichig"), also known as Hudum Mongol bichig, was the first writing system created specifically for the Mongolian language, and was the most successful until the introduction of Cyrillic in 1946. Derived from Sogdian, Mongolian is a true alphabet, with separate letters for consonants and vowels. The Mongolian script has been adapted to write languages such as Oirat and Manchu. Alphabets based on this classical vertical script are used in Inner Mongolia and other parts of China to this day to write Mongolian, Xibe and, experimentally, Evenki., Outer Mongolia (Mongolian: [Gadagadu Monggol] in Mongolian script, and [Gadaad Mongol] in Mongolian Cyrillic) was a territory of the Manchu-led Qing dynasty (16441912). Its area was roughly equivalent to that of the modern state of Mongolia, which is sometimes erroneously called "Outer Mongolia" today, plus the Russian republic of Tuva. While the administrative Outer Mongolia only consisted of the four Khalkha aimags (Setsen Khan Aimag, Tüsheet Khan Aimag, Sain Noyon Khan Aimag and Zasagt Khan Aimag), in the late Qing period "Outer Mongolia" was also used to refer to Khalkha plus Oirat areas Khovd and the directly-ruled Tannu Uriankhai., The Khalkha dialect (Mongolian script: "Qalq-a ayalu", Mongolian Cyrillic:   "Khalkh ayalguu") is a dialect of Mongolian widely spoken in Mongolia and according to some classifications includes such South Mongolian varieties such as Shiliin gol, Ulaanchab and Sönid. As it was the basis for the Cyrillic orthography of Mongolian, it is de facto the national language of Mongolia. The name of the dialect is related to the name of the Khalkha tribe and the Khalkha river., China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary sovereign state in East Asia. With a population of over 1.381 billion, it is the world's most populous country. The state is governed by the Communist Party of China, and its capital is Beijing. It exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four direct-controlled municipalities (Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, and Chongqing), and two mostly self-governing special administrative regions (Hong Kong and Macau), and claims sovereignty over Taiwan. The country's major urban areas include Shanghai, Guangzhou, Beijing, Chongqing, Shenzhen, Tianjin and Hong Kong. China is a great power and a major regional power within Asia, and has been characterized as a potential superpower., Mongolia (Mongolian: ["Monggol Ulus"] in Mongolian script; ["Mongol Uls"] in Mongolian Cyrillic) is a landlocked unitary sovereign state in East Asia. Its area is roughly equivalent with the historical territory of Outer Mongolia, and that term is sometimes used to refer to the current state. It is sandwiched between China to the south and Russia to the north. While it does not share a border with Kazakhstan, Mongolia is separated from it by only ., The Kazakhs (also spelled Kazaks, Qazaqs , , ; the English name is transliterated from Russian) are a Turkic people who mainly inhabit the southern part of Eastern Europe Ural mountains and northern parts of Central Asia (largely Kazakhstan, but also found in parts of Uzbekistan, China, Russia and Mongolia), the region also known as Eurasian sub-continent. Kazakh identity is of medieval origin and was strongly shaped by the foundation of the Kazakh Khanate between 1456 and 1465, when several tribes under the rule of the sultans Zhanibek and Kerey departed from the Khanate of Abu'l-Khayr Khan., East Asia is the eastern subregion of the Asian continent, which can be defined in either geographical or ethno-cultural terms. Geographically and geopolitically, it includes China, Hong Kong, and Macao; Mongolia and Taiwan; North and South Korea; and Japan; it covers about , or about 28% of the Asian continent, about twice the area of Europe., Russia (from the  Rus'), also officially known as the Russian Federation, is a country in Eurasia. At , Russia is the largest country in the world by surface area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 140 million people at the end of March 2016. The European western part of the country is much more populated and urbanised than the eastern, about 77% of the population live in European Russia. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world, other major urban centers include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Nizhny Novgorod and Samara., Kazakhstan ( "Qazaqstan",  "Kazakhstan"), officially the Republic of Kazakhstan ("Qazaqstan Respwblïkas" "Respublika Kazakhstan"), is a transcontinental country in northern Central Asia and Eastern Europe. Kazakhstan is the world's largest landlocked country, and the ninth largest in the world, with an area of . Kazakhstan is the dominant nation of Central Asia economically, generating 60% of the region's GDP, primarily through its oil/gas industry. It also has vast mineral resources., Baotou also known as Bugthot is the largest industrial city in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of northern China. Governed as a prefecture-level city, its built-up ("or metro") area made up of 5 urban districts is home to 2,070,801 inhabitants with a total population of over 2.65 million accounting for counties under its jurisdiction. The city's Mongolian name means "place with deer", and an alternate name is "Lucheng" ("Lùchéng"), meaning "Deer City". The 39,000 capacity Baotou Olympic Sports Centre Stadium is the main sports venue in the city and is used mostly for football matches., Inner Mongolia (Mongolian: ["Öbür Monggol"] in Mongolian script, and "Övör Mongol" in Mongolian Cyrillic), officially Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region or Nei Mongol Autonomous Region, is an autonomous region of the People's Republic of China, located in the north of the country, containing most of China's border with Mongolia (the rest of the China-Mongolia border is taken up by the Xinjiang autonomous region and Gansu province) and a small section of the border with Russia. Its capital is Hohhot, and other major cities include Baotou, Chifeng, and Ordos., Subject: chahars, Relation: instance_of, Options: (A) 1 (B) administrative centre (C) border (D) capital (E) city (F) cliff (G) communist party (H) continent (I) country (J) day (K) dialect (L) division (M) dynasty (N) empire (O) english name (P) ethnic group (Q) federation (R) foundation (S) gas (T) geographical (U) government (V) home (W) identity (X) industry (Y) international law (Z) italy ([) jurisdiction (\) korea (]) language (^) law (_) march (`) mineral (a) name (b) part (c) party (d) people (e) population (f) prefecture (g) province (h) region (i) republic (j) script (k) sea (l) six (m) sports venue (n) state (o) subregion (p) term (q) town (r) venue (s) writing
Output (English): ethnic group