Task: Question Answering
Input (English): Context: The Bolsheviks, originally also Bolshevists or Bolsheviki (derived from  "bol'shinstvo", "majority", literally meaning "one of the majority") were a faction of the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) which split apart from the Menshevik faction at the Second Party Congress in 1903. The RSDLP was a revolutionary socialist political party formed in 1898 in Minsk(Belarus) to unite the various revolutionary organisations of the Russian Empire into one party., The October Revolution, officially known in the Soviet literature as the Great October Socialist Revolution , and commonly referred to as Red October, the October Uprising or the Bolshevik Revolution, was a seizure of state power instrumental in the larger Russian Revolution of 1917. It took place with an armed insurrection in Petrograd on 25 October (7 November, New Style) 1917., The Russian Civil War was a multi-party war in the former Russian Empire immediately after the Russian Revolutions of 1917, as many factions vied to determine Russia's political future. The two largest combatant groups were the Red Army, fighting for the Bolshevik form of socialism, and the loosely allied forces known as the White Army, which included diverse interests favoring monarchism, capitalism and alternative forms of socialism, each with democratic and antidemocratic variants. In addition, rival militant socialists and nonideological Green armies fought against both the Bolsheviks and the Whites. Eight foreign nations intervened against the Red Army, notably the Allied Forces and the pro-German armies. The Red Army defeated the White Armed Forces of South Russia in Ukraine and the army led by Admiral Aleksandr Kolchak in Siberia in 1919. The remains of the White forces commanded by Pyotr Nikolayevich Wrangel were beaten in Crimea and evacuated in late 1920. Lesser battles of the war continued on the periphery for two more years, and minor skirmishes with the remnants of the White forces in the Far East continued well into 1923. Armed national resistance in Central Asia was not completely crushed until 1934. There were an estimated 7,000,000-12,000,000 casualties during the war, mostly civilians. The Russian Civil War has been described by some as the greatest national catastrophe that Europe had yet seen., Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Russian SFSR or RSFSR; ), commonly known as , was a sovereign state in 191722 and 1991-93, the largest, most populous, and most economically developed republic of the Soviet Union in 192291 and a sovereign part of the Soviet Union with its own legislation in 199091. The Republic comprised sixteen autonomous republics, five autonomous oblasts, ten autonomous okrugs, six krais, and forty oblasts. Russians formed the largest ethnic group. The capital of the Russian SFSR was Moscow and the other major urban centers included Leningrad, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Nizhny Novgorod and Samara., The 1st Cavalry Army ( Russian :    ) was a prominent Red Army military formation . It was also known as `` Budyonny 's Cavalry Army '' or simply as Konarmia ( `` Horsearmy '' ) . When the Russian Civil War broke out in 1918 , a non-commissioned officer named Budyonny organized a small cavalry force in the Don region out of local Cossacks . This force rapidly grew in numbers , sided with the Bolsheviks and eventually became the 1st Cavalry Army . It was transformed from a guerrilla force into a proper military unit under the command of Semyon Budyonny , and the political guidance of Kliment Voroshilov . This army played an important role in winning the Civil War for the Bolsheviks , driving the White General Anton Denikin back from has advance towards Moscow . In 1920 Budyonny 's Cavalry Army took part in the invasion of Poland during the Polish - Bolshevik War , at first with remarkable success . The 1st Cavalry Army pushed Polish forces out of Ukraine and broke through Polish southern frontlines , but later was bogged down at Lvov . This in turn led to a heavy defeat of the rest of the Bolshevik forces in the Battle of Warsaw . When Budyonny 's Cavalry finally joined the battle it was also soundly defeated in the Battle of Komarów , known as the last great cavalry battle in history . At this point , the 1st Cavalry Army 's morale and discipline were at a low point and robbery and violence against the civilian population became commonplace . The remains of the 1st Cavalry Army were sent south to fight the Wrangel 's White forces in Ukraine and the Crimea . At the final phase of Russian Civil War the 1st Cavalry Army was moved to North Caucasus . This voyage was the basis of myth about the invincible 1st Cavalry Army , which has been cultivated by Soviet propaganda . The march of the 1st Cavalry Army became popular after the Russian Civil War and was known as the song We are the Red Cavalry ( Russian :    ) . However , other names of the song were ``    '' ( We , Red cavalrymen ) and `` (   ) '' ( Budenny march ) , but earlier was known as ``    '' ( March of the Red horsemen ) . In commemoration , a monument to the 1st Cavalry Army was constructed in Lvov oblast , Ukraine ., The Soviet Army is the name given to the main land-based branch of the Soviet Armed Forces between February 1946 and December 1991, when it was replaced with the Russian Ground Forces, although it was not taken fully out of service until 25 December 1993. Until 25 February 1946, it was known as the Red Army, established by decree on 15 (28) January 1918 "to protect the population, territorial integrity and civil liberties in the territory of the Soviet state." It had 2.4 million men under its service during the Cold War., The Soviet Armed Forces, also called the Armed Forces of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and Armed Forces of the Soviet Union (Russian:       "Vooruzhonnyye Sily Soyuza Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik",    ) refers to the armed forces of the Russian SFSR (19171922), and Soviet Union (19221991) from their beginnings in the aftermath of the Russian Civil War to its dissolution in December 1991., The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army (: RKKA, frequently shortened in Russian to ; KA, in English: Red Army also in critical literature and folklore of that epoch - Red Horde, Army of Work) was the army and the air force of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, and after 1922 the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. The army was established immediately after the 1917 October Revolution (Red October or Bolshevik Revolution). The Bolsheviks raised an army to oppose the military confederations (especially the various groups collectively known as the White Army) of their adversaries during the Russian Civil War. Beginning in February 1946, the Red Army, along with the Soviet Navy, embodied the main component of the Soviet Armed Forces; taking the official name of "Soviet Army", until its dissolution in December 1991., Subject: 1st cavalry army , Relation: dissolved_or_abolished, Options: (A) 1903 (B) 1917 (C) 1918 (D) 1919 (E) 1920 (F) 1922 (G) 1923 (H) 1946 (I) 1991 (J) 1993 (K) january 1918
Output (English): 1923