Task: Question Answering
Input (English): Context: Constantine Demetrius Mourousis ( Greek :    -- Constantinos Demetrios Mourouzis , Romanian : Constantin Dimitrie Moruzi ; died 1783 ) was a Phanariote Prince of Moldavia , and member of the Mourousis family . A remarkable polyglot , he spoke five languages : Greek , Latin , French , Arabic and Turkish . In 1761 , he became Grand Postelnic ( foreign minister ) in Moldavia , and soon after Second Dragoman ( deputy minister ) of the Ottoman Empire Admiralty , and eventually Grand Dragoman . There are indications that he was politically involved in the dismissal and assassination of his predecessor , Prince Grigore Ghika III , by the Porte . Trusted by the Porte , he obtained the throne of Moldavia on October 12 , 1770 . Mourousis spent much of his time in Iai , supervising the gathering of agricultural resources demanded by the Porte , but also fought extravagant luxury and surrounded himself with scholars , paying particular attention to schools and founding scholarships . He was deposed on June 7 , 1782 and exiled to the island of Tenedos . He returned in 1783 , but died soon after ., Latin (Latin: ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. The Latin alphabet is derived from the Etruscan and Greek alphabets., A dragoman was an interpreter, translator, and official guide between Turkish, Arabic, and Persian-speaking countries and polities of the Middle East and European embassies, consulates, vice-consulates and trading posts. A dragoman had to have a knowledge of Arabic, Persian, Turkish, and European languages., The Fourth Crusade (120204) was a Western European armed expedition called by Pope Innocent III, originally intended to conquer Muslim-controlled Jerusalem by means of an invasion through Egypt. Instead, a sequence of events culminated in the Crusaders sacking the city of Constantinople, the capital of the Christian-controlled Byzantine Empire., Budjak or Budzhak (Russian, Ukrainian, and Bulgarian: ; Romanian: "Bugeac"; Turkish: "Bucak") is a historical region in Ukraine. Lying along the Black Sea between the Danube and Dniester rivers, this thinly populated multi-ethnic 600,000-people region of 13,188 km is located in the southern Bessarabia. Nowadays, part of the Odessa Oblast, the region is bordered to the north and west by Moldova, to the south by Romania, and to the east by the Black Sea and the rest of Ukraine., The Dniester River, or Dnister River ( translit. "Dnister", , ) is a river in Eastern Europe. It runs first through Ukraine and then through Moldova (from which it separates the breakaway territory of Transnistria), finally discharging into the Black Sea on Ukrainian territory again., The Mourousis or Moruzi are a family which was first mentioned in the Empire of Trebizond. Its origins have been lost, but the two prevalent theories are that they were either a local family originating in a village which has a related name or else one that arrived with the Venetians during the Fourth Crusade (since there are records of a Venetian family with a similar name a generation earlier). They became one of the leading families of Greek Phanariotes. The family moved to present-day Romania (the Danubian Principalities) in the 17th century, became Dragomans and boyars, and gave Wallachia and Moldavia two "hospodars"  Princes Constantine and Alexander. Great grandson of Constantine  Dmitri after appraisal of Greeks in 1821 fled to Russia. His progeny was permitted to use Prince title in 1893 and 1905. Members of the family remained in Romania and Bessarabia until the Soviet occupation post-World War II., The classical Latin alphabet, also known as the Roman alphabet, is a writing system originally used by the ancient Romans to write the Latin language. The Latin alphabet evolved from the visually similar Cumaean Greek version of the Greek alphabet, which was itself descended from the Phoenician abjad, which in turn was derived from Egyptian hieroglyphics. The Etruscans who ruled early Rome adopted the Cumaean Greek alphabet which was modified over time to become the Etruscan alphabet, which was in turn adopted and further modified by the Romans to produce the Latin alphabet., Phanariotes, Phanariots, or Phanariote Greeks were members of prominent Greek families in Phanar (, modern "Fener"), the chief Greek quarter of Constantinople where the Ecumenical Patriarchate is located, who traditionally occupied four important positions in the Ottoman Empire: Grand Dragoman, Grand Dragoman of the Fleet, Hospodar of Moldavia, and Hospodar of Wallachia. Despite their cosmopolitanism and often-Western education, the Phanariotes were aware of their Hellenism; according to Nicholas Mavrocordatos' "Philotheou Parerga", "We are a race completely Hellenic"., Romania is a sovereign state located in Southeastern Europe. It borders the Black Sea, Bulgaria, Ukraine, Hungary, Serbia, and Moldova. It has an area of and a temperate-continental climate. With 19.94 million inhabitants, the country is the seventh-most-populous member state of the European Union. The capital and largest city, Bucharest, with its 1,883,425 inhabitants is the sixth-largest city in the EU., The Empire of Trebizond or the Trapezuntine Empire was a monarchy that flourished during the 13th through 15th centuries, consisting of the far northeastern corner of Anatolia and the southern Crimea. Originally formed during a revolt against the usurpation of the imperial throne by the grandsons of Emperor Andronikos I Komnenos, Trebizond (current Trabzon, Turkey, with which the name of the empire is a cognate) became a Byzantine Greek successor state established after the fall of the Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantine) in the Fourth Crusade, along with the Empire of Nicaea and the Despotate of Epirus. The Emperors of Trebizond pressed their claim on the Imperial throne for decades after the Nicaean reconquest of Constantinople in 1261., A classical language is a language with a literature that is "classical". According to UC Berkeley linguist George L. Hart, "it should be ancient, it should be an independent tradition that arose mostly on its own, not as an offshoot of another tradition, and it must have a large and extremely rich body of ancient literature.", Wallachia or Walachia (; archaic: ', Romanian Cyrillic alphabet: ) is a historical and geographical region of Romania. It is situated north of the Lower Danube and south of the Southern Carpathians. Wallachia is traditionally divided into two sections, Muntenia (Greater Wallachia) and Oltenia (Lesser Wallachia). Wallachia as a whole is sometimes referred to as Muntenia through identification with the larger of the two traditional sections., Bukovina ("Bukovyna"; Hungarian: "Bukovina"; German and Polish: "Bukowina"; see also other languages) is a historical region in Central Europe, divided between Romania and Ukraine, located on the northern slopes of the central Eastern Carpathians and the adjoining plains., Bessarabia (; "Bessarabiya"; "Besarabiya") is a historical region in Eastern Europe, bounded by the Dniester river on the east and the Prut river on the west. Today Bessarabia is mostly occupied by modern-day Moldova, with the Ukrainian Budjak region covering the southern coastal region and part of the Ukrainian Chernivtsi Oblast covering a small area in the north., Danubian Principalities was a conventional name given to the Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia, which emerged in the early 14th century. The term was coined in the Habsburg Monarchy after the Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca (1774) in order to designate an area on the lower Danube with a common geopolitical situation. The term was largely used then by foreign political circles and public opinion until the union of the two Principalities (1859). Alongside Transylvania, the United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia became the basis for the Kingdom of Romania, and by extension the modern Romanian nation-state., Moldavia (or "", Romanian Cyrillic alphabet: ) is a historical region, and former principality in Eastern Europe, corresponding to the territory between the Eastern Carpathians and the Dniester river. An initially independent and later autonomous state, it existed from the 14th century to 1859, when it united with Wallachia as the basis of the modern Romanian state; at various times, Moldavia included the regions of Bessarabia (with the Budjak) and all of Bukovina. , The Indo-European languages are a language family of several hundred related languages and dialects. There are about 445 living Indo-European languages, according to the estimate by "Ethnologue", with over two-thirds (313) of them belonging to the Indo-Iranian branch. The most widely spoken Indo-European languages by native speakers are Spanish, English, Hindustani (Hindi and Urdu), Portuguese, Bengali, Russian, Persian and Punjabi, each with over 100 million speakers. Today, 46% of the human population speaks an Indo-European language natively, by far the highest of any language family., A principality (or princedom) can either be a monarchical feudatory or a sovereign state, ruled or reigned over by a monarch with the title of prince or by a monarch with another title within the generic use of the term "prince".
Terminology.
Most of these states have historically been a polity, but in some occasions were rather territories in respect of which a princely title is held. The prince's estate and wealth may be located mainly or wholly outside the geographical confines of the principality., Russia (from the  Rus'), also officially known as the Russian Federation, is a country in Eurasia. At , Russia is the largest country in the world by surface area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 140 million people at the end of March 2016. The European western part of the country is much more populated and urbanised than the eastern, about 77% of the population live in European Russia. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world, other major urban centers include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Nizhny Novgorod and Samara., The Romanian Cyrillic alphabet is the Cyrillic alphabet used to write the Romanian language before 18601862, when it was officially replaced by a Latin-based Romanian alphabet. The Romanian Cyrillic alphabet was based on Bulgarian Cyrillic alphabet. Cyrillic remained in occasional use until the 1920s (mostly in Bessarabia). It is not the same as the Russian-based Moldovan Cyrillic alphabet used in the Moldavian ASSR in 1924-1932 and 1938-1940, and then in the Moldavian SSR between 1940 and 1989 (except 1941-44)., Subject: constantine mourousis, Relation: place_of_death, Options: (A) alexander (B) anatolia (C) berkeley (D) bessarabia (E) black sea (F) byzantine empire (G) central (H) chernivtsi (I) constantine (J) constantinople (K) danube (L) dniester (M) egypt (N) fleet (O) habsburg (P) hungary (Q) jerusalem (R) march (S) middle east (T) moldavia (U) most (V) novosibirsk (W) odessa (X) ottoman empire (Y) petersburg (Z) plains ([) roman (\) roman empire (]) romania (^) rome (_) russia (`) serbia (a) ukraine (b) wallachia
Output (English): constantinople