Task: Question Answering
Input (English): Context: The Gregorian calendar is internationally the most widely used civil calendar. It is named after Pope Gregory XIII, who introduced it in October 1582., Souda is a town and former municipality in the Chania regional unit, Crete, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Chania, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of . It is an important ferry and naval port at the head of Souda Bay., Strattis ( Ancient Greek :  ) was an Athenian comic poet of the Old Comedy . According to the Suda , he flourished later than Callias Schoenion . Therefore , it is likely that his poetry was performed at the 92nd Olympiad , that is , 412 BC. Strattis was a contemporary of Sannyrion and Philyllius , both of whom were attacked in the extant fragments of his plays . The drama in which Philyllius was attacked was the Potamioi . According to the scholiast of Aristophanes , this drama was performed before Aristophanes ' Ecclesiazusae . Therefore , this could not be later than 394/3 BC. Also , in his Anthroporrhaistes , Strattis attacked Hegelochus , the actor of the Orestes of Euripides . Therefore this play would have been performed later than 408 BC , the year in which the Orestes was performed . Strattis was performing his works at the end of the 99th Olympiad , that is , 380 BC , when he attacked Isocrates on account of his fondness for Lagisca when he was far advanced in years . The Suda gives a list of his works : The Human Orestes (  ) Atalante (  ) Good Men or Disappearance of the Money (     ) Iphigeron (  ) Callippides (  ) Cinesias (  ) Limnomedon (  ) Macedonians or Pausanias (    ) Medea (  ) Troilus (  ) Phoenician Women (  ) Philoctetes (  ) Chrysippus (  ) Psychastae (  ) This list is not complete . Other writers mention four more plays : Zopyros Surrounded By Flames (   ) Myrmidons (  ) Potamioi (  ) Pytisos (  ) Some authors call him , inaccurately , Strato . Some scholars believed the comic poets Strato and Strattis to be the same person , but this idea is now considered by most classicists as to be incorrect ., Aristophanes (or  ; c. 446  c. 386 BC), son of Philippus, of the deme Kydathenaion, was a comic playwright of ancient Athens. Eleven of his forty plays survive virtually complete. These, together with fragments of some of his other plays, provide the only real examples of a genre of comic drama known as Old Comedy, and are used to define it., Ephorus of Cyme ("Ephoros"; c. 400  330 BC), often named in conjunction with his birthplace Cyme, Aeolia, was an ancient Greek historian. Information on his biography is limited; he was the father of Demophilus, who followed in his footsteps as a historian, and to Plutarch's claim that Ephorus declined Alexander the Great's offer to join him on his Persian campaign as the official historiographer. Together with the historian Theopompus, he was a pupil of Isocrates, in rhetoric. But he does not seem to have made much progress in the art, and it is said to have been at the suggestion of Isocrates himself that he took up literary composition and the study of history., The Suda or Souda is a large 10th-century Byzantine encyclopedia of the ancient Mediterranean world, formerly attributed to an author called Suidas. It is an encyclopedic lexicon, written in Greek, with 30,000 entries, many drawing from ancient sources that have since been lost, and often derived from medieval Christian compilers. The derivation is probably from the Byzantine Greek word "souda", meaning "fortress" or "stronghold," with the alternate name, "Suidas", stemming from an error made by Eustathius, who mistook the title for the author's name., The Clouds ("Nephelai") is a Greek comedy play written by the celebrated playwright Aristophanes. A lampooning of intellectual fashions in classical Athens, it was originally produced at the City Dionysia in 423BC and was not as well-received as the author had hoped, coming last of the three plays competing at the festival that year. It was revised between 420 and 417BC and was thereafter circulated in manuscript form., Hermippus (fl. 5th century BC) was the one-eyed Athenian writer of the Old Comedy who flourished during the Peloponnesian War. 
Life.
He was the son of Lysis, and the brother of the comic poet Myrtilus. He was younger than Telecleides and older than Eupolis and Aristophanes. According to the Suda, he wrote forty plays, and his chief actor was Simeron, according to the scholiast of Aristophanes. The titles and fragments of nine of his plays are preserved. He was a bitter opponent of Pericles, whom he accused (probably in the "Moirai") of being a bully and a coward, and of carousing with his boon companions while the Lacedaemonians were invading Attica. He also accused Aspasia of impiety and offences against morality, and her acquittal was only secured by the tears of Pericles (Plutarch, "Pericles", 32). In the "Female Bread-Sellers", he attacked the demagogue Hyperbolus. The "Mat-Carriers" contains many parodies of Homer., Lysistrata (or ; Attic Greek: , "Army Disbander") is a comedy by Aristophanes. Originally performed in classical Athens in 411 BC, it is a comic account of one woman's extraordinary mission to end the Peloponnesian War. Lysistrata persuades the women of Greece to withhold sexual privileges from their husbands and lovers as a means of forcing the men to negotiate peacea strategy, however, that inflames the battle between the sexes. The play is notable for being an early exposé of sexual relations in a male-dominated society. Additionally, its dramatic structure represents a shift from the conventions of Old Comedy, a trend typical of the author's career. It was produced in the same year as the "Thesmophoriazusae", another play with a focus on gender-based issues, just two years after Athens' catastrophic defeat in the Sicilian Expedition., Old Comedy ("archaia") is the first period of the ancient Greek comedy, according to the canonical division by the Alexandrian grammarians. The most important Old Comic playwright is Aristophanes  whose works, with their daring political commentary and abundance of sexual innuendo, effectively define the genre today. Aristophanes satirized and lampooned the most prominent personalities and institutions of his time, as can be seen, for example, in his scurrilous portrayal of Socrates in "The Clouds", and in his racy anti-war farce "Lysistrata". Aristophanes was only one of a large number of comic poets, however, working in Athens in the late 5th century BC; his biggest rivals were Hermippus and Eupolis., Eupolis (c. 446  c. 411 BC) was an Athenian poet of the Old Comedy, who flourished during the time of the Peloponnesian War., An encyclopedia or encyclopaedia (also spelled encyclopædia, see spelling differences) is a type of reference work or compendium holding a comprehensive summary of information from either all branches of knowledge or a particular branch of knowledge.
Encyclopedias are divided into articles or entries, which are usually accessed alphabetically by article name. Encyclopedia entries are longer and more detailed than those in most dictionaries. Generally speaking, unlike dictionary entries which focus on linguistic information about words, encyclopedia articles focus on factual information concerning the subject for which the article is named., Ancient Greek comedy was one of the final three principal dramatic forms in the theatre of classical Greece (the others being tragedy and the satyr play). Athenian comedy is conventionally divided into three periods: Old Comedy, Middle Comedy, and New Comedy. Old Comedy survives today largely in the form of the eleven surviving plays of Aristophanes, while Middle Comedy is largely lost, i.e. preserved only in relatively short fragments by authors such as Athenaeus of Naucratis. New Comedy is known primarily from the substantial papyrus fragments of Menander. , An Olympiad ("olympiás") is a period of four years associated with the Olympic Games of the Ancient Greeks. During the Hellenistic period, beginning with Ephorus, it was used as a calendar epoch.
By this reckoning, the first Olympiad lasted from the summer of 776 BC to that of 772 BC.
By extrapolation to the Gregorian calendar, the
1st year of the ((2017+779)/4 -.5)round 0th Olympiad begins in (Northern-Hemisphere) mid-summer 2017., The Hellenistic period covers the period of ancient Greek (Hellenic) history and Mediterranean history between the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and the emergence of the Roman Empire as signified by the Battle of Actium in 31 BC and the subsequent conquest of Ptolemaic Egypt the following year. At this time, Greek cultural influence and power was at its peak in Europe, Africa and Asia, experiencing prosperity and progress in the arts, exploration, literature, theatre, architecture, music, mathematics, philosophy, and science. It is often considered a period of transition, sometimes even of decadence or degeneration, compared to the enlightenment of the Greek Classical era. The Hellenistic period saw the rise of New Comedy, Alexandrian poetry, the Septuagint and the philosophies of Stoicism and Epicureanism. Greek Science was advanced by the works of the mathematician Euclid and the polymath Archimedes. The religious sphere expanded to include new gods such as the Greco-Egyptian Serapis, eastern deities such as Attis and Cybele and the Greek adoption of Buddhism., A lexicon is the vocabulary of a person, language, or branch of knowledge (such as nautical or medical). In linguistics, a lexicon is a language's inventory of lexemes. The word "lexicon" derives from the Greek ("lexicon"), neuter of ("lexikos") meaning "of or for words"., Subject: strattis, Relation: place_of_birth, Options: (A) africa (B) alexander (C) athens (D) chania regional unit (E) crete (F) cyme (G) egypt (H) euclid (I) greece (J) most (K) naucratis (L) naval (M) of (N) pope (O) reform (P) roman (Q) time
Output (English): athens