Task: Question Answering
Input (English): Context: A head writer is a person who oversees the team of writers on a television or radio series. The title is common in the soap opera genre, as well as with sketch comedies and talk shows that feature monologues and comedy skits, but in prime time series this function is generally performed by an executive producer., Allan Heinberg (born June 29, 1967) is an American film screenwriter, television writer and producer and comic book writer., Boston Public is an American drama television series created by David E. Kelley and broadcast on Fox. Set in Boston, the series centers on Winslow High School, a fictional public high school in the Boston Public Schools district. It features a large ensemble cast and focuses on the work and private lives of the various teachers, students, and administrators at the school. It aired from October 2000 to January 2004. Its slogan was "Every day is a fight. For respect. For dignity. For sanity.", The Preacher's Wife is a 1996 American romantic comedy family film directed by Penny Marshall, and starring Denzel Washington, Whitney Houston, and Courtney B. Vance. It is a remake of the 1947 film "The Bishop's Wife"., Terry McMillan (born October 18, 1951) is an American author. Her work is characterized by relatable female protagonists., Robert L. Corn is an American television producer and director., Michael Anthony Beach (born October 30, 1963) is an American actor. He has appeared in films "Lean on Me" (1989), "One False Move" (1992), "Short Cuts" (1993), "Waiting to Exhale" (1995), "A Family Thing" (1996), and "Soul Food" (1997). On television, he starred as Monte Parker in the NBC drama series "Third Watch" from 1999 to 2005., Hannah Dakota Fanning (born February 23, 1994) is an American actress and model. At age seven, her performance in the 2001 film "I Am Sam" earned her a nomination for a Screen Actors Guild Award at age eight in 2002, making her the youngest nominee in history. As a child actress, she went on to appear in high-profile films such as "Man on Fire" (2004), "War of the Worlds" (2005) and "Charlotte's Web" (2006)., Thomas Dexter "T. D." Jakes, Sr. (born June 9, 1957) is a pastor, author and filmmaker. He is the bishop of The Potter's House, a Nondenominational American megachurch. T. D. Jakes' church services and evangelistic sermons are broadcast on "The Potter's Touch", which airs on Lightsource.com, the Trinity Broadcasting Network, Black Entertainment Television, the Daystar Television Network, The Word Network, VHS home video, he also has his own television show on the Oprah Winfrey Network called T.D. Jakes , and The Miracle Channel in Canada. Other aspects of Jakes' ministry include an annual revival called "MegaFest" that draws more than 300,000 people, an annual women's conference called "Woman Thou Art Loosed", and gospel music recordings., Donald Adeosun Faison (born June 22, 1974) is an American actor and voice actor, best known for his leading role as Dr. Chris Turk in the ABC (formerly NBC) comedy-drama "Scrubs" (20012010), and a minor role as Murray in the film "Clueless" (1995) (subsequently reprised in the television series of the same name). He also starred as Phil Chase in the TV Land sitcom "The Exes" (2011-2015)., A wedding is a ceremony where two people are united in marriage. Wedding traditions and customs vary greatly between cultures, ethnic groups, religions, countries, and social classes. Most wedding ceremonies involve an exchange of marriage vows by the couple, presentation of a gift (offering, ring(s), symbolic item, flowers, money), and a public proclamation of marriage by an authority figure. Special wedding garments are often worn, and the ceremony is sometimes followed by a wedding reception. Music, poetry, prayers or readings from religious texts or literature are also commonly incorporated into the ceremony., The Creative Arts Emmys are a class of Emmy Awards presented in recognition of technical and other similar achievements in American television programming. They are commonly awarded to behind-the-scenes personnel such as Production Designers, Set Decorators, costume designers, cinematographers, casting directors, and sound editors., Waiting to Exhale is a 1995 American romance film directed by Forest Whitaker (in his feature film directorial debut) and starring Whitney Houston and Angela Bassett. The film was adapted from the 1992 novel of the same name by Terry McMillan. Lela Rochon, Loretta Devine, Dennis Haysbert, Michael Beach, Gregory Hines, Donald Faison, and Mykelti Williamson rounded out the rest of the cast. The original music score was composed by Kenneth "Babyface" Edmonds. The story centers on four female friends living in the Phoenix, Arizona area and their relationships with men and one another. All of them are "holding their breath" until the day they can feel comfortable in a committed relationship with a man., Henry Gray (1827  13 June 1861) was an English anatomist and surgeon most notable for publishing the book "Gray's Anatomy". He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) at the age of 25., Poverty is general scarcity or the state of one who lacks a certain amount of material possessions or money. It is a multifaceted concept, which includes social, economic, and political elements. Absolute poverty or destitution refers to the lack of means necessary to meet basic needs such as food, clothing and shelter. Absolute poverty is meant to be about the same independent of location. Relative poverty occurs when people do not enjoy a certain minimum level of living standards as compared to the rest of society and so would vary from country to country, sometimes within the same country. , Sean Justin Penn (born August 17, 1960) is an American actor, filmmaker, and political activist. He has won two Academy Awards, for his roles in the mystery drama "Mystic River" (2003) and the biopic "Milk" (2008)., Michael Schultz (born November 10, 1938) is an American director and producer of film and television., The American Broadcasting Company (ABC) is an American commercial broadcast television network that is owned by the DisneyABC Television Group, a subsidiary of the Disney Media Networks division of The Walt Disney Company. The network is headquartered on Columbus Avenue and West 66th Street in Manhattan, New York City. There are additional major offices and production facilities elsewhere in New York City, as well as in Los Angeles and Burbank, California., Fiction is the classification for any story or universe derived from imaginationin other words, not based strictly on history or fact. Fiction can be expressed in a variety of formats, including writings, live performances, films, television programs, animations, video games, and role-playing games, though the term originally and most commonly refers to the narrative forms of literature (see "literary" fiction), including the novel, novella, short story, and play. Fiction constitutes an act of creative invention, so that faithfulness to reality is not typically assumed; in other words, fiction is not expected to present only characters who are actual people or descriptions that are factually true. The context of fiction is generally open to interpretation, due to fiction's freedom from any necessary embedding in reality; however, some fictional works are claimed to be, or marketed as, historically or factually accurate, complicating the traditional distinction between fiction and non-fiction. Fiction is a classification or category, rather than a specific mode or genre, unless used in a narrower sense as a synonym for a particular literary fiction form., The Bishop's Wife, also known as Cary and the Bishop's Wife, is a Samuel Goldwyn romantic comedy feature film from 1947, starring Cary Grant, Loretta Young, and David Niven in a story about an angel who helps a bishop with his problems. The film was adapted by Leonardo Bercovici and Robert E. Sherwood from the 1928 novel of the same name by Robert Nathan, and was directed by Henry Koster., Drama is the specific mode of fiction represented in performance. The term comes from a Greek word meaning "action" (Classical Greek: , "drama"), which is derived from "to do" (Classical Greek: , "drao"). 
The two masks associated with drama represent the traditional generic division between comedy and tragedy. They are symbols of the ancient Greek Muses, Thalia, and Melpomene. Thalia was the Muse of comedy (the laughing face), while Melpomene was the Muse of tragedy (the weeping face). Considered as a genre of poetry in general, the dramatic mode has been contrasted with the epic and the lyrical modes ever since Aristotle's "Poetics" (c. 335 BCE)the earliest work of dramatic theory., The Primetime Emmy Award is an American award bestowed by the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences in recognition of excellence in American primetime television programming. First given in 1949, the award was originally referred to as simply the "Emmy Awards" until the first Daytime Emmy Award ceremonies were held in the 1970s, and the word "prime time" was added to distinguish between the two., In the parlance of the Hollywood television industry, a showrunner is a television series' executive producer who is also the head writer., Loretta Devine ( born August 21 , 1949 ) is an American actress and singer , best known for her roles as Marla Hendricks in the Fox drama series Boston Public , and for her recurring role as Adele Webber on the Shonda Rhimes ' Grey 's Anatomy , for which she won Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series in 2011 . In film , Devine appeared in Waiting to Exhale , The Preacher 's Wife , I Am Sam , Urban Legend , Crash , Woman Thou Art Loosed , For Colored Girls , This Christmas and Jumping the Broom ., I Am Sam (stylized i am sam) is a 2001 American drama film written and directed by Jessie Nelson, and starring Sean Penn as a father with a developmental disability, Dakota Fanning as his inquisitive daughter, and Michelle Pfeiffer as his lawyer. Dianne Wiest, Loretta Devine, Richard Schiff and Laura Dern appear in supporting roles. , A Civil marriage is a marriage performed, recorded, and recognized by a government official. Such a marriage may be performed by a religious body and recognized by the state, or it may be entirely secular., Betsy Beers (born 1957) is an American television and film producer whose credits include ShondaLand's "Grey's Anatomy," "Scandal," "Private Practice," and "How to Get Away with Murder"., This is a list of winners and nominees of the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Single Performance by a Supporting Actress in a Comedy or Drama Series, Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series, and Outstanding Guest Supporting Actress. These awards, like the other "Guest" awards, are not presented at the Primetime Emmy Award ceremony, but rather at the Creative Arts Emmy Award ceremony., Lela Rochon (born Lela Rochon Staples; April 17, 1964) is an American actress, best known for her breakthrough role as Robin Stokes in the 1995 romantic drama film "Waiting to Exhale". She later had starring roles in films "The Chamber" (1996), "Gang Related" (1997), "Knock Off" (1998), and "Why Do Fools Fall in Love" (1998)., Gregory Oliver Hines (February 14, 1946  August 9, 2003) was an American dancer, actor, singer, and choreographer., Mark Wilding is an American television producer and screenwriter. He was nominated for two Emmys for his work as executive producer on the series "Grey's Anatomy", and won a Writers Guild of America Award for Best New Series as a writer on the same show. He has also worked on "Private Practice" and "Charmed"., Courtney Bernard Vance (born March 12, 1960) is an American actor. He is notable for his roles in the feature films "Hamburger Hill" and "The Hunt for Red October," the television series "", in which he played Assistant District Attorney Ron Carver, and , in which he played Johnnie Cochran. For the latter, he won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Limited Series or Movie. He guest starred on the TNT series "The Closer" as Chief Tommy Delk from 201011. In 2013 he won a Tony Award for Best Featured Actor in a Play for his role in "Lucky Guy"., Aristotle ("Aristotéls"; 384322 BC) was a Greek philosopher and scientist born in the city of Stagira, Chalkidice, on the northern periphery of Classical Greece. His father, Nicomachus, died when Aristotle was a child, whereafter Proxenus of Atarneus became his guardian. At seventeen or eighteen years of age, he joined Plato's Academy in Athens and remained there until the age of thirty-seven (c. 347 BC). His writings cover many subjects  including physics, biology, zoology, metaphysics, logic, ethics, aesthetics, poetry, theater, music, rhetoric, linguistics, politics and government  and constitute the first comprehensive system of Western philosophy. Shortly after Plato died, Aristotle left Athens and, at the request of Philip of Macedon, tutored Alexander the Great beginning in 343 BC., Carole Penny Marshall (born October 15, 1943) is an American actress, director, and producer. In 1975, after playing several supporting roles on television, Marshall was cast as Laverne DeFazio for a guest appearance on the sitcom "Happy Days". Her performance was well received, prompting a spin-off sitcom, "Laverne & Shirley". Marshall reprised the DeFazio role for the show's entire run from 1976 until 1983. She was nominated for a Golden Globe award for her performance three times., A medical drama is a television program in which events center upon a hospital, an ambulance staff, or any medical environment and most medical episodes are one hour long and set in a hospital. Most current medical dramatic programming go beyond the events pertaining to the characters' jobs and portray some aspects of their personal lives. A typical medical drama might have a storyline in which two doctors fall in love. Communications theorist Marshall McLuhan, in his on the nature of media, predicted success for this particular genre on TV because the medium "creates an obsession with bodily welfare". , Dennis Dexter Haysbert (born June 2, 1954) is an American film and television actor. He is best known for his appearances in commercials for Allstate Insurance. He is also known for portraying baseball player Pedro Cerrano in the "Major League" film trilogy, Secret Service Agent Tim Collin in the 1997 political thriller film "Absolute Power", and Sergeant Major Jonas Blane on the drama series "The Unit". He is also known for playing U.S. Senator (later President) David Palmer on the first 5 seasons of "24" and has appeared in the films "Love Field", "Heat" and "Far from Heaven". As of late autumn 2016, Haysbert co-stars in the science fiction series "Incorporated"., A remake is a film or television series that is based on an earlier work and tells the same story., Michael T. "Mykelti" Williamson (born March 4, 1957) is an American actor best known for his roles in the films "Forrest Gump" and "Con Air", and the television shows "Boomtown", "24", and "Justified". In 2016, he portrayed Gabriel Maxson in Denzel Washington's acclaimed film adaptation of August Wilson's play "Fences", reprising his role from the 2010 Broadway revival., In American and Canadian television, a mid-season replacement is a television series that premieres in the second half of the traditional television season, usually between January and May. Mid-season replacements usually take place after a show that was in the fall schedule was canceled or put on hiatus, outside factors such as an actor's family emergency or personal illness led to a delay in the program's debut, a program was purposefully scheduled for mid-season, or a program had a shortened season for some other reason which resulted in a time slot that needed filling. A few shows in American television history have been perennial mid-season replacements; "American Idol", for example, from its second season onward, aired from January to May each year, to great ratings success., Richard Schiff (born May 27, 1955) is an American actor and comedian. He is best known for playing Toby Ziegler on "The West Wing", a role for which he received an Emmy Award. Schiff made his directorial debut with "The West Wing", directing an episode entitled "Talking Points." He is on the National Advisory Board of the Council for a Livable World., Angela Evelyn Bassett (born August 16, 1958) is an American actress. She is best known for her biographical film roles, most notably her performance as Tina Turner in the biopic "What's Love Got to Do with It" (1993), for which she was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress and won a corresponding Golden Globe Award. Bassett has additionally portrayed Betty Shabazz in both "Malcolm X" (1992) and "Panther" (1995), Katherine Jackson in "" (1992), Rosa Parks in "The Rosa Parks Story" (2002), Voletta Wallace in "Notorious" (2009) and Coretta Scott King in "Betty and Coretta" (2013). Bassett's performance as Parks was honored with her first Primetime Emmy Award nomination., Laura Elizabeth Dern (born February 10, 1967) is an American actress. For her performance in the 1991 film "Rambling Rose", she was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress, while for her performance in the 2014 film "Wild", she was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress. Her other film roles include "Mask" (1985), "Smooth Talk" (1985), "Blue Velvet" (1986), "Wild at Heart" (1990), "Jurassic Park" (1993), "Citizen Ruth" (1996), "October Sky" (1999), "I Am Sam" (2001), "Inland Empire" (2006), "The Master" (2012), "The Fault in Our Stars" (2014), and "" (2017)., Dianne Evelyn Wiest (born March 28, 1948) is an American actress., Jumping the broom is a phrase and custom relating to a wedding ceremony where the couple jumps over a broom. 
It has been suggested that the custom is based on an 18th-century idiomatic expression for "sham marriage", "marriage of doubtful validity"; it was popularized in the context of the introduction of civil marriage in Britain with the Marriage Act 1836., Woman Thou Art Loosed is a 2004 American drama film directed by Michael Schultz and written by Stan Foster. It was produced by Stan Foster and Reuben Cannon. It is the 44th film or series directed by Schultz and is adapted from the self-help novel by T. D. Jakes. The film tells the story of a young woman who must come to terms with a long history of sexual abuse, drug addiction, and poverty. It has been reported that the story was loosely based on the screenwriter's past relationship with a college girlfriend. A gospel stage play preceded the film., David Edward Kelley (born April 4, 1956) is an American television writer and producer, known as the creator of "Picket Fences", "Chicago Hope", "The Practice", "Ally McBeal", "Boston Public", "Boston Legal", and "Harry's Law" as well as several films. Kelley is one of very few screenwriters to have created shows aired on all four top commercial U.S. television networks (ABC, CBS, Fox and NBC)., Shonda Lynn Rhimes (born January 13, 1970) is an American television producer, screenwriter and author. She is best known as the creator, head writer, executive producer, and showrunner of the television medical drama "Grey's Anatomy", its spin-off "Private Practice", and the political thriller series "Scandal", all of which have aired on ABC. Rhimes has also served as the executive producer of the ABC television series "Off the Map", "How to Get Away with Murder", and "The Catch"., Forest Steven Whitaker III (born July 15, 1961) is an American actor, producer, and director., Seattle is a seaport city on the west coast of the United States and the seat of King County, Washington. With an estimated 684,451 residents , Seattle is the largest city in both the state of Washington and the Pacific Northwest region of North America. In July 2013, it was the fastest-growing major city in the United States and remained in the Top 5 in May 2015 with an annual growth rate of 2.1%. The city is situated on an isthmus between Puget Sound (an inlet of the Pacific Ocean) and Lake Washington, about south of the CanadaUnited States border. A major gateway for trade with Asia, Seattle is the fourth-largest port in North America in terms of container handling ., Michelle Marie Pfeiffer (born April 29, 1958) is an American actress, singer and producer. She began her acting career in 1978 and had her first starring film role in "Grease 2" (1982), before receiving mainstream attention for her breakout performance in "Scarface" (1983). Her greatest commercial successes include "Batman Returns" (1992), "Dangerous Minds" (1995), "What Lies Beneath" (2000) and "Hairspray" (2007)., A performance, in the performing arts, generally comprises an event in which a performer or group of performers present one or more works of art to an audience. Usually the performers participate in rehearsals beforehand. Afterwards audience members often applaud., Mark Gordon (born October 10, 1956) is an American television and film producer. He is a former President of the Producers Guild of America., Gray's Anatomy is an English-language textbook of human anatomy originally written by Henry Gray and illustrated by Henry Vandyke Carter. Earlier editions were called Anatomy: Descriptive and Surgical and Gray's Anatomy: Descriptive and Applied, but the book's name is commonly shortened to, and later editions are titled, "Gray's Anatomy". The book is widely regarded as an extremely influential work on the subject, and has continued to be revised and republished from its initial publication in 1858 to the present day. The latest edition of the book, the 41st, was published in September 2015.
Publication history.
Origins.
The English anatomist Henry Gray was born in 1827. He studied the development of the endocrine glands and spleen and in 1853 was appointed Lecturer on Anatomy at St George's Hospital Medical School in London. In 1855, he approached his colleague Henry Vandyke Carter with his idea to produce an inexpensive and accessible anatomy textbook for medical students. Dissecting unclaimed bodies from workhouse and hospital mortuaries through the Anatomy Act of 1832, the two worked for 18 months on what would form the basis of the book. Their work was first published in 1858 by John William Parker in London.
It was dedicated by Gray to Sir Benjamin Collins Brodie, 1st Baronet.
An imprint of this English first edition was published in the United States in 1859, with slight alterations.
Gray prepared a second, revised edition, which was published in the United Kingdom in 1860, also by J.W. Parker. However, Gray died the following year, at the age of 34, having contracted smallpox while treating his nephew (who survived). His death had come just three years after the initial publication of his "Anatomy Descriptive and Surgical".
Even so, the work on his much-praised book was continued by others.
Longman's publication reportedly began in 1863, after their acquisition of the J.W. Parker publishing business. This coincided with the publication date of the third British edition of "Gray's Anatomy." Successive British editions of "Gray's Anatomy" continued to be published under the Longman, and more recently Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier imprints, reflecting further changes in ownership of the publishing companies over the years., Whitney Elizabeth Houston (August 9, 1963  February 11, 2012) was an American singer, actress, producer, and model. In 2009, "Guinness World Records" cited her as the most awarded female act of all time. Houston is one of pop music's best-selling music artists of all-time, with an estimated 170200 million records sold worldwide. She released seven studio albums and two soundtrack albums, all of which have diamond, multi-platinum, platinum or gold certification. Houston's crossover appeal on the popular music charts, as well as her prominence on MTV, starting with her video for "How Will I Know", influenced several African American women artists who follow in her footsteps., Los Angeles (Spanish for "The Angels"), officially the City of Los Angeles and often known by its initials L.A., is the second-most populous city in the United States (after New York City), the most populous city in California and the county seat of Los Angeles County. Situated in Southern California, Los Angeles is known for its mediterranean climate, ethnic diversity, sprawling metropolis, and as a major center of the American entertainment industry. Los Angeles lies in a large coastal basin surrounded on three sides by mountains reaching up to and over ., Krista Vernoff (born 1974) is an American screenwriter., Denzel Hayes Washington Jr. (born December 28, 1954) is an American actor, director, and producer. He has received three Golden Globe awards, a Tony Award, and two Academy Awards: Best Supporting Actor for the historical war drama film "Glory" (1989) and Best Actor for his role as a corrupt cop in the crime thriller "Training Day" (2001)., Grey's Anatomy is an American medical drama television series that premiered on American Broadcasting Company (ABC) as a mid-season replacement on March 27, 2005. The series focuses on the fictional lives of surgical interns, residents, and attendings as they gradually evolve into seasoned doctors, while trying to maintain personal lives and relationships. The title is a play on "Gray's Anatomy", a human anatomy textbook by Henry Gray. The show's premise originated with Shonda Rhimes, who serves as an executive producer, along with Betsy Beers, Mark Gordon, Krista Vernoff, Rob Corn, Mark Wilding, and Allan Heinberg. Although the show is set in Seattle at the fictional Grey-Sloan Memorial Hospital (Formerly Seattle Grace-Mercy West) it is primarily filmed in Los Angeles, California. The show was originally titled "Complications" following the complicated medical procedures and personal lives of the cast., Subject: loretta devine, Relation: occupation, Options: (A) acting (B) actor (C) actress (D) anatomist (E) author (F) bishop (G) book (H) comedian (I) commercial (J) creator (K) dancer (L) director (M) district attorney (N) diversity (O) entertainment (P) executive producer (Q) father (R) film producer (S) general (T) king (U) linguistics (V) literary (W) major (X) master (Y) model (Z) official ([) pastor (\) performer (]) philosopher (^) political activist (_) preacher (`) president (a) programming (b) radio (c) religious (d) rhetoric (e) screenwriter (f) singer (g) surgeon (h) television (i) television producer (j) united kingdom (k) writer (l) zoology
Output (English): actor