Task: Question Answering
Input (English): Context: History.
Rise of militarism.
The military had a strong influence on Japanese society from the Meiji Restoration. Almost all leaders in Japanese society during the Meiji period (whether in the military, politics or business) were ex"-samurai" or descendants of "samurai", and shared a set of values and outlooks. The early Meiji government viewed Japan as threatened by western imperialism, and one of the prime motivations for the "Fukoku Kyohei" policy was to strengthen Japan's economic and industrial foundations, so that a strong military could be built to defend Japan against outside powers., The , known in Japanese as the and also known as the , are a chain of Japanese islands that stretch southwest from Kyushu to Taiwan: the sumi, Tokara, Amami, Okinawa, and Sakishima Islands (further divided into the Miyako and Yaeyama Islands), with Yonaguni the southernmost. The larger are mostly high islands and the smaller ones are mostly coral islands. The largest of the islands is Okinawa., Born in Shuri (Naha City in Okinawa), he was a descendant of Seiwa, the 56th Emperor of Japan. He studied karate, kobudo and jujutsu, most notably karate from Chotoku Kyan and weapons from kobudo pioneer (and former Prefectural police superintendent), Sanda Kanagusuku. He also learned the Kudaka family art of weapons known as Shishiryu, and the family art of Okinawa-te from his father (Seisei Kudaka), an uncle and his grandfather. Hisataka completed a period of service in the Japanese military., Tokyo, officially Tokyo Metropolis, is the capital of Japan and one of its 47 prefectures. The Greater Tokyo Area is the most populous metropolitan area in the world. It is the seat of the Emperor of Japan and the Japanese government. Tokyo is in the Kant region on the southeastern side of the main island Honshu and includes the Izu Islands and Ogasawara Islands. Formerly known as Edo, it has been the de facto seat of government since 1603 when Shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu made the city his headquarters. It officially became the capital after Emperor Meiji moved his seat to the city from the old capital of Kyoto in 1868; at that time Edo was renamed Tokyo. Tokyo Metropolis was formed in 1943 from the merger of the former and the ., Early life.
Gichin Funakoshi was born on November 10, 1868 (refer to Karate-d, My Way of Life by Gichin Funakoshi), the year of the Meiji Restoration, in Shuri, Okinawa, to a low-rank Rykyan Pechin and originally had the family name Tominakoshi. Funakoshi was born prematurely. His father's name was Gisu. After entering primary school he became close friends with the son of Ank Azato, a karate and Jigen-ry master who would soon become his first karate teacher. 
Funakoshi's family was stiffly opposed to the abolition of the Japanese topknot, and this meant he would be ineligible to pursue his goal of attending medical school, despite having passed the entrance examination. Being trained in both classical Chinese and Japanese philosophies and teachings, Funakoshi became an assistant teacher in Okinawa. During this time, his relations with the Azato family grew and he began nightly travels to the Azato family residence to receive karate instruction from Ank Azato., Brazilian jiu-jitsu (BJJ) is a martial art, combat sport system that focuses on grappling and especially ground fighting. Brazilian jiu-jitsu was formed from Kodokan judo ground fighting (newaza) fundamentals that were taught by a number of individuals including Takeo Yano, Mitsuyo Maeda and Soshihiro Satake. Brazilian jiu-jitsu eventually came to be its own art through the experiments, practices, and adaptation of judo through Carlos and Helio Gracie (who passed their knowledge on to their extended family) as well as other instructors who were students of Maeda, such as Luiz Franca., Karate developed on the Ryukyu Islands in what is now Okinawa, Japan. It was brought to the Japanese mainland in the early 20th century during a time of cultural exchanges between the Japanese and the Chinese. It was systematically taught in Japan after the Taish era. In 1922 the Japanese Ministry of Education invited Gichin Funakoshi to Tokyo to give a karate demonstration. In 1924 Keio University established the first university karate club in mainland Japan and by 1932, major Japanese universities had karate clubs. In this era of escalating Japanese militarism, the name was changed from ("Chinese hand" or "Tang hand") to ("empty hand")  both of which are pronounced "karate"  to indicate that the Japanese wished to develop the combat form in Japanese style. After World War II, Okinawa became an important United States military site and karate became popular among servicemen stationed there., Masayuki Hisataka (   Hisataka Masayuki , born November 18 , 1940 ) is head of Shorinjiryu Kenkokan Karate . He is a descendant of Seiwa and son of the founder of Shorinjiryu Kenkokan Karate , Kri Hisataka . He started his training in judo and karate at the age of three and obtained a shodan in both disciplines by the time he was 13 . He won the All - Japan Open Karatedo Championship in 1961 and 1962 and the Shorinjiryu Kenkokan Championship from 1958 to 1962 . He graduated from Nihon University , holding a 4th dan in judo and a 5th dan in karate . Hisataka represented Japan at the World 's Fairs in New York ( 1964 ) and Montreal ( 1967 ) . He taught karate at Columbia University , State University of New York , McGill University , Loyola College , The National Theatre School of Canada and the Canadian Headquarters of Shorinjiryu Kenkokan Karatedo , the Ken Nin Kai dojo in Toronto . In the 1980s Masayuki Hisataka created the World Koshiki Karatedo Federation ( WKKF ) , which is an organization for ' safe contact ' fighting competition with protective chest and headgear using Koshiki rules with the intention of Karate being accepted into the Olympics . Koshiki black belt certification and Koshiki referee certification is offered in the WKKF . Currently , Hisataka is ranked Hanshi 9th Dan , Shorinjiryu Kenkokan Karate - Do , and Koshiki Karate - Do . He has also written two books about Shorinjiryu Karate : `` Scientific Karatedo '' ( published in 1976 ) and `` Essential Shorinjiryu Karatedo '' ( published in 1994 ) . `` Le Karate Koshiki '' , published only in French , focuses on training for Koshiki style competition fighting and other technical aspects ., The philosophy and subsequent pedagogy developed for judo became the model for other modern Japanese martial arts that developed from . The worldwide spread of judo has led to the development of a number of offshoots such as Sambo and Brazilian jiu-jitsu., Pedagogy is the discipline that deals with the theory and practice of education; it thus concerns the study of how best to teach. Spanning a broad range of practice, its aims range from furthering liberal education (the general development of human potential) to the narrower specifics of vocational education (the imparting and acquisition of specific skills)., , abbreviated as or , is a Japanese university located in Minato, Tokyo. It is known as the oldest institute of higher education in Japan. Founder Fukuzawa Yukichi originally established it as a school for Western studies in 1858 in Edo (now Tokyo). It has eleven campuses in Tokyo and Kanagawa. It has ten faculties: Letters, Economics, Law, Business and Commerce, Medicine, Science and Technology, Policy Management, Environment and Information Studies, Nursing and Medical Care, and Pharmacy., Japan ("Nippon" or "Nihon" ; formally "" or "Nihon-koku", means "State of Japan") is a sovereign island nation in Eastern Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, It is lying off the eastern coast of the Asia Mainland (east of China, Korea, Russia) and stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and near Taiwan in the southwest. , Subject: masayuki hisataka, Relation: occupation, Options: (A) combat sport (B) emperor (C) father (D) founder (E) grappling (F) judo (G) major (H) military (I) ministry (J) pedagogy (K) pioneer (L) samurai (M) sovereign (N) taiwan (O) teacher
Output (English): samurai