Task: Question Answering
Input (English): Context_1 : The Monthly Register and encyclopedian magazine was a British periodical published from 1802 to 1803. It was published by Charles and John Wyatt and edited by John Dyer Collier (1762–1825), the father of John Payne Collier. Henry Crabb Robinson's essays on Kant – amongst the very earliest notices of Kant in England – appeared there. Context_2 : "Personal Notes of an Infantryman" is a short story by J. D. Salinger. It is about an older man trying to get in the military, and then overseas to combat, despite the obstacles in his way. "Collier's" published it in December 1942. Context_3 : Anne Collier (born Los Angeles, 1970) is an American visual artist working with appropriated photographic images. Describing Collier's work in "Frieze" art magazine, writer Brian Dillon said, "Collier uncouples the machinery of appropriation so that her found images seem weightless, holding their obvious meaning in abeyance." Context_4 : The "trustee system" (sometimes homophonically though perhaps incorrectly called "trusty system") was a strict system of discipline and security in the United States made compulsory under Mississippi state law (but also used in other states, such as Arkansas, Alabama, Louisiana, New York and Texas) as the method of controlling and working inmates at Mississippi State Penitentiary at Parchman, Mississippi's only prison. It was designed to replace convict leasing. Under this system, designated inmates were used by staff to control and administer physical punishment to other inmates according to a strict prison-determined inmate hierarchy of power. The case of "Gates v. Collier" (Gates v. Collier Prison Reform Case, 1970–1971) ended the flagrant abuse of inmates under the trusty system and other prison abuses which had continued essentially unchanged since the building of the prison in 1903 in Mississippi. Other states using the trusty system were also forced to give it up under this ruling. Context_5 : Whit Burnett (1900–1972) was an American writer and writing teacher who founded and edited the literary magazine "Story". In the 1940s, "Story" was an important magazine in that it published the first or early works of many writers who went on to become major authors. Not only did Burnett prove to be a valuable literary birddog for new talent, but "Story" remained a respectable though low-paying (typically $25 per story) alternative for stories rejected by the large-circulation slick magazines published on glossy paper like "Collier's" or "The Saturday Evening Post" or the somewhat more prestigious and literary slick magazines such as "The New Yorker". While "Story" paid poorly compared to the slicks and even the pulps and successor digest-sized magazines of its day, it paid better than most of, and had similar cachet to, the university-based and the other independent "little magazines" of its era. Context_6 : "V" magazine is an American fashion magazine published since 1999. The magazine is printed seasonally and highlights trends in fashion, film, music and art. A men's fashion quarterly entitled "VMAN" started as an offshoot in 2003. Context_7 : Collier's was an American magazine, founded in 1888 by Peter Fenelon Collier. It was initially launched as Collier's Once a Week, then changed in 1895 to Collier's Weekly: An Illustrated Journal, and finally shortened in 1905 to simply Collier's. The magazine ceased publication with the issue dated January 4, 1957, though a brief, failed attempt was made to revive the Collier's name with a new magazine in 2012. Context_8 : John Alan Maxwell (March 7, 1904 – April 13, 1984) was an American artist known primarily for his book and magazine illustrations, as well as historical paintings. He also was an illustrator for many commercial publications, including "Collier's Weekly", "The Saturday Evening Post", "The Golden Book Magazine", "The American Magazine", and "Woman's Home Companion". Context_9 : Fred Chance was active in the field of illustration for over fifty years in Philadelphia and New York. He created covers for "Vogue" magazine in the early 1930s and was still active in magazine cover work in the late 1980s. He was a good friend of George Withers, who did illustrations for the "Saturday Evening Post", "Collier's", "Redbook", "Blue Book", "Good Housekeeping" and "The New York Times". Context_10 : Crowell-Collier Publishing Company is a defunct American publisher that owned the popular magazines "Collier's", "Woman's Home Companion" and "The American Magazine" as well as general interest books and references such as "Collier's Encyclopedia" and the Harvard Classics series of books. After shuttering the magazine operations in the 1950s, Crowell-Collier merged with the American Macmillan Company in 1960 and became a large educational company with subsidiaries for books, textbooks, correspondence schools and other educational tools and materials. The company officially changed its name to Macmillan, Inc. in 1973. fact_1 : "V" magazine is an American fashion magazine published since 1999. fact_2 : Collier's was an American magazine, founded in 1888 by Peter Fenelon Collier. Question: Which magazine is older, V or Collier's?
Output (English): Colliers