Task: Question Answering
Input (English): " _Ad novitatem_ " is
(A)arguing that what is true of a few members of a class is true of all members of the class (B)drawing a conclusion by applying irrelevant criteria to a subject (C)substituting individual stories for a larger sample as support for a claim (D)arguing that something must be good because it is new, or must be bad because it is old
Output (English): D