Task: Question Answering
Input (English): Context_1 : CommerceHub (also known as Commerce Technologies, Inc.) is a provider of hosted integration, drop ship fulfillment, and product content management for multi-channel e-commerce merchants. It provides integration and fulfillment services to both online and brick and mortar retailers, distributors, and supplier companies such Sears, MSC Industrial Direct, Kohl’s, Macy's, Costco, QVC, Staples, Best Buy, Meijer, drugstore.com, Walgreens, Dell, Toshiba, Sanyo, Minolta, Gateway and Little Tikes. Context_2 : In commerce, Global Supply Chain Management (GSCM) is defined as the distribution of goods and services throughout a trans-national companies' global network in order to maximize profit and minimize waste. Essentially, global supply chain management is the same as supply chain management, but it focuses on companies and organizations that are trans-national. Global supply chain management has six main areas of concentration: logistics management, competitor orientation, customer orientation, supply chain coordination, supply management, and operations management. These six areas of concentration can be divided into four main areas: marketing, logistics, supply management, and operations management. Successful management of a global supply chain also requires complying with various international regulations set by a variety of non-governmental organizations (e.g. The United Nations). Context_3 : Service management in the manufacturing context, is integrated into supply chain management as the intersection between the actual sales and the customer point of view. The aim of high performance service management is to optimize the service-intensive supply chains, which are usually more complex than the typical finished-goods supply chain. Most service-intensive supply chains require larger inventories and tighter integration with field service and third parties. They also must accommodate inconsistent and uncertain demand by establishing more advanced information and product flows. Moreover, all processes must be coordinated across numerous service locations with large numbers of parts and multiple levels in the supply chain. Context_4 : Reverse logistics is for all operations related to the reuse of products and materials. It is "the process of moving goods from their typical final destination for the purpose of capturing value, or proper disposal. Remanufacturing and refurbishing activities also may be included in the definition of reverse logistics." Growing green concerns and advancement of green supply chain management concepts and practices make it all the more relevant. The number of publications on the topic of reverse logistics have increased significantly over the past two decades. The first use of the term "reverse logistics" in a publication was by James R. Stock in a White Paper titled "Reverse Logistics," published by the Council of Logistics Management in 1992. The concept was further refined in subsequent publications by Stock (1998) in another Council of Logistics Management book, titled Development and Implementation of Reverse Logistics Programs, and by Rogers and Tibben-Lembke (1999) in a book published by the Reverse Logistics Association titled Going Backwards: Reverse Logistics Trends and Practices. The reverse logistics process includes the management and the sale of surplus as well as returned equipment and machines from the hardware leasing business. Normally, logistics deal with events that bring the product towards the customer. In the case of reverse logistics, the resource goes at least one step back in the supply chain. For instance, goods move from the customer to the distributor or to the manufacturer. Context_5 : In commerce, supply chain management (SCM), the management of the flow of goods and services, involves the movement and storage of raw materials, of work-in-process inventory, and of finished goods from point of origin to point of consumption. Interconnected or interlinked networks, channels and node businesses combine in the provision of products and services required by end customers in a supply chain. Supply-chain management has been defined as the "design, planning, execution, control, and monitoring of supply chain activities with the objective of creating net value, building a competitive infrastructure, leveraging worldwide logistics, synchronizing supply with demand and measuring performance globally." Context_6 : Jobber, in merchandising, can be synonymous with "wholesaler" or "distributor" or "broker" or "middleman." A jobber is a merchant — "e.g.", (i) a wholesaler or (ii) reseller or (iii) independent distributor operating on consignment — who takes goods in quantity from manufacturers or importers and sells or resells or distributes them to retail chains and syndicates, particularly supermarkets, department stores, drug chains, and the like. One objective is to distribute goods at lower costs through economies of scale, which, in sophisticated operations, typically uses complex transportation models. In competitive markets, the practice is an integral part of supply chain management — one that might incorporate, among other things, operations research in areas of logistics involving supply chain networking, and supply chain optimization. Context_7 : CaseStack is a provider of supply chain management (SCM) services including warehousing, transportation, and supply chain management software (SCMS). It uses a proprietary software as a service platform for its collaborative retailer consolidation programs. Based in Santa Monica, California, CaseStack has been recognized in Food Logistics’ Top 85 3PL Providers, Global Logistics & Supply Chain Strategies 100 Great Supply Chain Partners and Inbound Logistics’ Top 100 3PL Providers. CaseStack has also been recognized as one of the best places to work in its two largest locations for multiple years. Context_8 : Drop shipping is a supply chain management method in which the retailer does not keep goods in stock but instead transfers customer orders and shipment details to either the manufacturer, another retailer, or a wholesaler, who then ships the goods directly to the customer. As in retail businesses, the majority of retailers make their profit on the difference between the wholesale and retail price, but some retailers earn an agreed percentage of the sales in commission, paid by the wholesaler to the retailer. Context_9 : LARG Supply Chain Management attempts to put together Lean, Agile, Resilient, and Green approaches in Supply Chain Management. Lean Supply Chain Managements aims are to maintain close to zero inventories and reduce work-in-process; Agile goes for quick responses to customer inquiries and market changes while controlling costs and quality; Resilience is about reacting quickly to disruptions impacting supply chain; and Green refers to sustainability in supply chain through low emissions to the environment and a recycling strategy for products. Context_10 : Supply-chain operations reference (SCOR) model is a process reference model developed and endorsed by the Supply Chain Council as the cross-industry, standard diagnostic tool for supply chain management, according to the APICS Dictionary (14th ed.). The SCOR model describes the business activities associated with satisfying a customer's demand, which include plan, source, make, deliver, and return. Use of the model includes analyzing the current state of a company's processes and goals, quantifying operational performance, and comparing company performance to benchmark data. SCOR has developed a set of metrics for supply chain performance, and Supply Chain Council members have formed industry groups to collect best practices information that companies can use to elevate their supply chain models. fact_1 : CommerceHub (also known as Commerce Technologies, Inc.) is a provider of hosted integration, drop ship fulfillment, and product content management for multi-channel e-commerce merchants. fact_2 : Drop shipping is a supply chain management method in which the retailer does not keep goods in stock but instead transfers customer orders and shipment details to either the manufacturer, another retailer, or a wholesaler, who then ships the goods directly to the customer. Question: CommerceHub (also known as Commerce Technologies, Inc.) is a provider of hosted integration, and which type of fulfillment, that's a supply chain management method, in which the retailer does not keep goods in stock but instead transfers customer orders and shipment details to either the manufacturer, another retailer, or a wholesaler, who then ships the goods directly to the customer?        
Output (English): Drop shipping