Task: Question Generation
Input (English): Context_1 : Insulindia is a somewhat archaic geographical term for Maritime Southeast Asia, equivalent in usage to Australasia and Indochina, and encompassing the entire area situated between the two. More common in Portuguese and Spanish, it is also sometimes used in art history or anthropology to describe the interface zone between the cultures Oceania and Southeast Asia. Context_2 : Indonesian Esoteric Buddhism or Esoteric Buddhism in Maritime Southeast Asia refers to the traditions of Esoteric Buddhism found in Maritime Southeast Asia which emerged in the 7th century along the maritime trade routes and port cities of the Indonesian islands of Java and Sumatra as well as in Malaysia. These esoteric forms were spread by pilgrims and Tantric masters who received royal patronage from royal dynasties like the Sailendras and the Srivijaya. This tradition was also linked by the maritime trade routes with Indian Vajrayana, Tantric Buddhism in Sinhala, Cham and Khmer lands and in China and Japan, to the extent that it is hard to separate them completely and it is better to speak of a complex of "Esoteric Buddhism of Mediaeval Maritime Asia." In many of the key South Asian port cities that saw the growth of Esoteric Buddhism, the tradition coexisted alongside Shaivism. Context_3 : The SEAlang Library, established in 2005 as an online library source for Classification schemes for Southeast Asian languages reference materials, was initially funded from the Technological Innovation and Cooperation for Foreign Information Access (TICFIA) program of the U.S. Department of Education, with matching funds from computational linguistics research centers. In 2009, it focused on the non-roman script languages used throughout mainland Southeast Asia. Beginning in 2010 and continuing through 2013, concentration moved to the many languages of maritime Southeast Asia. Resources include bilingual and monolingual dictionaries; monolingual works and aligned bitext works; tools for manipulating, searching, and displaying complex scripts; and specialized reference works that include historical and etymological dictionaries. Context_4 : Barbara Watson Andaya (born 7 June 1943) is an Australian historian and author who studies Indonesia and Maritime Southeast Asia. She has also done extensive research on women's history in Southeast Asia, and of late, on the localization of Christianity in the region. She teaches courses in Asian Studies as a full professor at the University of Hawaii at Manoa, and is director of the University's Center for Southeast Asian Studies. She was President of the American Association for Asian Studies from 2005 to 2006. Context_5 : The Portuguese language is spoken in Asia by small communities either in regions which formerly served as colonies to Portugal, notably Macau and East Timor where the language is official albeit not widely spoken, or of Lusophone immigrants, notably the Brazilians in Japan. Context_6 : When Asia Speaks is a 19-minute film produced in 1944 by Stuart Legg and directed by Gordon Weisenborn for the National Film Board of Canada series "The World in Action". The film is narrated by broadcaster Lorne Greene. "When Asia Speaks" describes the disparity between the riches of Asia and the poverty of the masses during the Second World War that have led to nationalist movements in Asia. The film's French version title is "Le Réveil de l'Asie". Context_7 : Maritime Southeast Asia is the maritime region of Southeast Asia as opposed to mainland Southeast Asia and comprises what is now Malaysia, Brunei, the Philippines, Singapore, Indonesia, and Timor Leste. Maritime Southeast Asia is sometimes also referred to as "island Southeast Asia" or "insular Southeast Asia". The 16th century term East Indies, and the later 19th-century term Malay Archipelago refers to a largely similar area. Context_8 : East Timor ( ) or Timor-Leste ( ; Tetum: "Timór Lorosa'e"), officially the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste (Portuguese: "República Democrática de Timor-Leste" , Tetum: "Repúblika Demokrátika Timór-Leste" ), is a sovereign state in Maritime Southeast Asia. It comprises the eastern half of the island of Timor, the nearby islands of Atauro and Jaco, and Oecusse, an exclave on the northwestern side of the island surrounded by Indonesian West Timor. The country's size is about 15,410 km (5,400 sq mi). Context_9 : The term "Southeast Asia" has been in use since World War II. The region has been further divided into two distinct sub-regions, Mainland Southeast Asia, also Indochina that comprises the modern states Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Thailand, Myanmar (Burma) and West Malaysia and Maritime Southeast Asia, also Insular Southeast Asia that comprises the modern states Indonesia, East Malaysia, Singapore, Philippines, East Timor, Brunei, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, and the Christmas Island. Context_10 : In 1025, Rajendra Chola, the Chola king from Tamil Nadu in South India, launched naval raids on ports of Srivijaya in maritime Southeast Asia, and conquered Kadaram (modern Kedah) from Srivijaya and occupied it for some time. Rajendra's overseas expedition against Srivijaya was a unique event in India's history and its otherwise peaceful relations with the states of Southeast Asia. Several places in Malaysia and Indonesia were invaded by Rajendra Chola I of the Chola dynasty. The Chola invasion furthered the expansion of Tamil merchant associations such as the Manigramam, Ayyavole and Ainnurruvar into Southeast Asia. The Chola invasion led to the fall of the Sailendra Dynasty of Srivijaya and the Chola invasion also coincides with return voyage of the great Buddhist scholar Atiśa from Sumatra to India and Tibet in 1025. The expedition of Rajendra Chola I is mentioned in the corrupted form as Raja Chulan in the medieval Malay chronicle "Sejarah Melaya", and Malay princes have names ending with Cholan or Chulan, such as Raja Chulan of Perak. fact_1 : The Portuguese language is spoken in Asia by small communities either in regions which formerly served as colonies to Portugal, notably Macau and East Timor where the language is official albeit not widely spoken, or of Lusophone immigrants, notably the Brazilians in Japan. fact_2 : East Timor ( ) or Timor-Leste ( ; Tetum: "Timór Lorosa'e"), officially the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste (Portuguese: "República Democrática de Timor-Leste" , Tetum: "Repúblika Demokrátika Timór-Leste" ), is a sovereign state in Maritime Southeast Asia. Answer: East Timor
Output (English): What sovereign state in Maritime Southeast Asia speaks Portuguese?