Task: Question Answering
Input (English): Context_1 : Somatic embryogenesis is an artificial process in which a plant or embryo is derived from a single somatic cell or group of somatic cells. Somatic embryos are formed from plant cells that are not normally involved in the development of embryos, i.e. ordinary plant tissue. No endosperm or seed coat is formed around a somatic embryo. Applications of this process include: clonal propagation of genetically uniform plant material; elimination of viruses; provision of source tissue for genetic transformation; generation of whole plants from single cells called protoplasts; development of synthetic seed technology. Cells derived from competent source tissue are cultured to form an undifferentiated mass of cells called a callus. Plant growth regulators in the tissue culture medium can be manipulated to induce callus formation and subsequently changed to induce embryos to form from the callus. The ratio of different plant growth regulators required to induce callus or embryo formation varies with the type of plant. Somatic embryos are mainly produced "in vitro" and for laboratory purposes, using either solid or liquid nutrient media which contain plant growth regulators (PGR’s). The main PGRs used are auxins but can contain cytokinin in a smaller amount. Shoots and roots are monopolar while somatic embryos are bipolar, allowing them to form a whole plant without culturing on multiple media types. Somatic embryogenesis has served as a model to understand the physiological and biochemical events that occur during plant developmental processes as well as a component to biotechnological advancement. The first documentation of somatic embryogenesis was by Steward et al. in 1958 and Reinert in 1959 with carrot cell suspension cultures. Context_2 : Arnica cordifolia is a species of arnica in the sunflower family, known by the common name heartleaf arnica. It is native to western North America from Alaska to California to New Mexico, as far east as Ontario and Michigan. It is a plant of many habitat types, including coniferous forests and mountain meadows. Context_3 : The Sawyer and Keeler-Wolf classification system is an evolving system of classification of vegetation types, plant communities, or floristic characterization. It was first developed in 1995 by John O. Sawyer and Todd Keeler-Wolf for the California Native Plant Society, in the mission to classify all vegetation in California. Particular attention was paid to recognizing rare types that were "lumped" into general categories in previous systems, such as the Munz and Keck classification system, Chetham and Haller classification system, and Holland classification system. It uses constantly updated quantitative measurements of both species diversity and cover to define its types. It intended to be evolving and to continue to be refined. Context_4 : A Panama hat (toquilla straw hat) is a traditional brimmed straw hat of Ecuadorian origin. Traditionally, hats were made from the plaited leaves of the "Carludovica palmata" plant, known locally as the "toquilla palm" or "jipijapa palm", although it is a palm-like plant rather than a true palm. Context_5 : Carludovica palmata (Panama hat plant or toquilla palm) is a palm-like monocot plant. It is not a true palm. Its leaves are different from the leaves of true palms, and unlike true palms it does not develop a woody trunk. Its female flowers (which mature first) have large stigmas, and its male flowers (which mature later) have a lot of pollen. They reproduce vegetatively, because they do not produce viable seeds. Context_6 : Arnica montana, sometimes referred to as wolf's bane, has also been called leopard's bane, mountain tobacco and mountain arnica, is a moderately toxic ethnobotanical European flowering plant in the sunflower family. It is noted for its large yellow flower head. Unfortunately, the names "wolf's bane" and "leopard's bane" are also used for another plant, aconitum, which is extremely poisonous. Context_7 : Arnica is a genus of perennial, herbaceous plants in the sunflower family (Asteraceae). The genus name "Arnica" may be derived from the Greek "arni", "lamb", in reference to the plants' soft, hairy leaves. "Arnica" is also known by the names "Mountain Tobacco" and, confusingly, "Leopard's bane" and "Wolfsbane"—two names that it shares with the entirely unrelated genus "Aconitum". Context_8 : Doronicum corsicum is a species of the genus "Doronicum" and the family sunflower family. some authors have regarded the species as belonging to either "Arnica" or "Aronicum". It is a rare plant that has been found only on the Island of Corsica in the Mediterranean (part of the French Republic). Context_9 : A plant community (sometimes "phytocoenosis" or "phytocenosis") is a collection or association of plant species within a designated geographical unit, which forms a relatively uniform patch, distinguishable from neighboring patches of different vegetation types. The components of each plant community are influenced by soil type, topography, climate and human disturbance. In many cases there are several soil types within a given phytocoenosis. Context_10 : Carludovica is a genus in the family Cyclanthaceae. It is native to tropical America, from southern Mexico and Guatemala to Ecuador and Bolivia. "Carludovica" is named in honor of Charles IV of Spain and his wife Maria Luisa of Parma. fact_1 : Arnica is a genus of perennial, herbaceous plants in the sunflower family (Asteraceae). fact_2 : Carludovica is a genus in the family Cyclanthaceae. Question: Are Arnica and Carludovica both types of plant?
Output (English): yes