Task: Question Answering
Input (English): Context_1 : Cranioplasty is a surgical repair of a defect or deformity of a skull. Cranioplasty is almost as ancient as trepanation. There is evidence that Incan and Muisca surgeons were performing cranioplasty using precious metals and gourds. Early surgical authors, such as Hippocrates and Galen, do not discuss cranioplasty, and it was not until the 16th century that cranioplasty in the form of a gold plate was mentioned by Fallopius. The first bone graft was recorded by Job Janszoon van Meekeren, who in 1668 noted that canine bone was used to repair a cranial defect in a Russian man. The next advance in cranioplasty was the experimental groundwork in bone grafting, performed in the late 19th century. The use of autografts for cranioplasty became popular in the early 20th century. The destructive nature of 20th century warfare provided an impetus to search for alternative metals and plastics to cover large cranial defects. The metallic bone substitutes have largely been replaced by modern plastics. Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) was introduced in 1940 and is currently the most common material used. Research in cranioplasty is now directed at improving the ability of the host to regenerate bone. As modern day trephiners, neurosurgeons and craniofacial plastic surgeons alike, should be cognizant of how the technique of repairing a hole in the head has evolved. 3-D techniques are often used to work out plate sizes, and research into the subject is ongoing. As of 2014, a team of surgeons at Johns Hopkins introduced a new pericranial-onlay cranioplasty technique in an effort to improve outcomes and minimize complications [ref - Gordon et al., Neurosurgery 2014]. Context_2 : Malvina is a feminine given name derived from the Gaelic "mala mhinn", meaning "smooth brow". It was created by the 18th century Scottish poet James Macpherson. The name became popular in Scandinavia on account of Napoleon, an admirer of Macpherson's Ossianic poetry, who was the godfather of several children of Jean Baptiste Jules Bernadotte, an officer of his who ruled Norway and Sweden in the early 19th century. Other names popularised by Macpherson became popular in Scandinavia on account of Napoleon. Context_3 : A feather Christmas tree is a type of artificial Christmas tree that is generally considered one of the first artificial trees used as a Christmas tree. They originated in Germany in the late 19th century and became popular in the United States during the early 20th century. Context_4 : The terms California Impressionism and California Plein-Air Painting describe the large movement of 20th century California artists who worked out of doors ("en plein air"), directly from nature in California, United States. Their work became popular in the San Francisco Bay Area and Southern California in the first three decades after the turn of the 20th century. Considered to be a regional variation on American Impressionism, the painters of the California Plein-Air School are also described as California Impressionists; the terms are used interchangeably. Context_5 : The quadrille is a dance that was fashionable in late 18th- and 19th-century Europe and its colonies. Performed by four couples in a rectangular formation, it is related to American square dancing. The Lancers, a variant of the quadrille, became popular in the late 19th century and was still danced in the 20th century in folk-dance clubs. A derivative found in the Francophone Lesser Antilles is known as "kwadril", and the dance is also still found in Madagascar and is within old Jamaican / Caribbean culture. Context_6 : Christmas lights (also known as fairy lights) are lights used for decoration in preparation for Christmas and for display throughout the Christmastide. The custom goes back to when we decorated Christmas trees with candles, which symbolize Christ being the light of the world; these were brought by Christians into their homes in early modern Germany. Christmas trees displayed publicly and illuminated with electric lights became popular in the early 20th century. By the mid-20th century, it became customary to display strings of electric lights as along streets and on buildings Christmas decorations detached from the Christmas tree itself. In the United States, it became popular to outline private homes with such Christmas lights in tract housing beginning in the 1960s. By the late 20th century, the custom had also been adopted in non-western countries / regions, notably in Japan and Hong Kong. Throughout Christendom, Christmas lights continue to retain their symbolism of Jesus as the light of the world. Context_7 : The Caille Bros. along with Mills Novelty Company, were one of the most successful companies in the United States coin-operated machine industry during the 19th century and early 20th century. They became popular releasing not only slot machines, but also strength testers and Bagatelle-style games. Once penny arcades began to decline and were largely replaced by nickelodeons, the company continued to release mainly trade simulators and gambling machines, with little variety in their mechanical game output and were overtaken by newer players such as A.B.T, Erie Machine co., Chester Pollard and Exhibit Supply. Context_8 : Mutemath (sometimes styled as MuteMath or MUTEMATH) is an American alternative rock band from New Orleans that formed in 2002. The group consists of lead vocalist and keyboardist Paul Meany, guitarist Todd Gummerman, and bassist Jonathan Allen, but they often perform on any mixture or variation of these instruments. They draw heavily from influences in 1960s and 1970s soul, psychedelic rock, and jam band styles, utilizing vintage guitars and amplifiers, as well as Rhodes keyboards, synthesizers, and other electronic instruments such as the keytar. Context_9 : The Maysville Historic District is a historic district in Mobile, Alabama. The district covers 451 acre and contains 1121 properties located southwest of downtown and directly south of the Leinkauf Historic District. Platted in 1871 in the midst of a recession in Mobile, the neighborhood did not begin to develop until the late 1890s. Maysville has long been a working class neighborhood; many late 1890s and early 1900s houses were bungalows and cottages, some with modest Victorian influences. Some larger and more decorated houses were built in the northeastern portion of the neighborhood. In the early 20th century and into World War I and World War II, the Port of Mobile and its shipyards became a focus of Mobile's economy, and the population grew in response. The early 20th century saw many craftsman-style bungalows and four square houses built. Minimalist Traditional and some ranch-style houses became popular around and after World War II. Notable contributing buildings in the district are Ladd–Peebles Stadium, built in 1948, and Williamson High School, built in 1965. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2013. Context_10 : Dodgy are an English power pop rock trio, that rose to prominence during the Britpop era of the 1990s. They are best known for their hits "Staying Out for the Summer", "If You're Thinking of Me", and "Good Enough". The last was their biggest hit reaching No. 4 in the UK Singles Chart. fact_1 : Mutemath (sometimes styled as MuteMath or MUTEMATH) is an American alternative rock band from New Orleans that formed in 2002. fact_2 : Dodgy are an English power pop rock trio, that rose to prominence during the Britpop era of the 1990s. Question: Which band became popular in the 20th Century, Mutemath or Dodgy?
Output (English): Dodgy