Task: Question Answering
Input (English): Context_1 : Faisal Othman Bin Shamlan (1934 – 1 January 2010) (فيصل عثمان بن شملان) (faiṣal bin šamlān) was a Yemeni intellectual, technocrat, political reformist and public figure. He was a Yemeni member of parliament who had held the post of Oil and Mineral Resources Minister in the post-unification government of Yemen. Prior to the reunification of Yemen in 1990, Shamlan was the Minister of Infrastructure and Oil in the socialist government of South Yemen. He was the recognized presidential candidate of the Yemeni opposition coalition, a coalition which consists of the Islamist Islah, the Yemen Socialist Party and several smaller parties, in the 2006 presidential election, but was defeated by incumbent president Ali Abdullah Saleh. Context_2 : The Sana'a palimpsest, dubbed Ṣanʿā’ 1, is one of the oldest Quranic manuscripts in existence. Part of a sizable cache Quranic and non-Quranic fragments discovered in Yemen during a 1972 restoration of the Great Mosque of Sana'a, the manuscript was identified as a palimpsest Quran in 1981. It is written on parchment, and comprises two layers of text (see palimpsest). The upper text largely conforms to the standard 'Uthmanic Quran, whereas the lower text contains many variants to the standard text. A partial reconstruction of the lower text was published in 2012, and a further reconstruction on different principles was published in 2016. A radiocarbon analysis has dated the parchment to before 671 AD with a 99% accuracy. Context_3 : Ma'rib or Marib (Arabic: مأرب‎ ‎ "Maʾrib") is the capital city of Ma'rib Governorate, Yemen. It was the capital of the ancient Sabaean kingdom, which some scholars believe to be the ancient Sheba of biblical fame. It is located approximately 120 kilometers east of Yemen's modern capital, Sana'a. It has a current population of 16,794. In 2011 Ma'rib has been referred to as "the Al Qaeda capital of Yemen". Context_4 : The 2008 Yemen tourist attack was an ambush attack on Belgian tourists traveling in a convoy through Hadhramaut in the Wadi Dawan desert valley on January 18, 2008. Context_5 : The Queen of Sheba is a Biblical and Quranic figure. The tale of her visit to King Solomon has undergone extensive Jewish, Islamic, and Ethiopian elaborations, and has become the subject of one of the most widespread and fertile cycles of legends in the Orient. Context_6 : Mohammad-Hadi Ma'refat (1931, Karbala - 2007, Qom) was a Shi'a scholar, clergyman, researcher on Quranic studies and interpretation, and the founder and former president of Tamhid Cultural Institute. He is the descendant of Shaykh Abd-al-'Ali Meysi, the author of "Risalah Meysiyyah". He was a member of "Society of Seminary Teachers of Qom" and he held the title of Ayatollah. He had many influential works in the field of Quranic studies such as ""Al-Tamhid fi al-'Ulum al-Quran"", ""Siyanah Al-Quran min-al-Tahrif"", ""Al-Tafsir wa-al-Mufassirun fi Thawbah al-Qashib"", and ""Tafsir al-Athari al-Jami"". He is buried in Fatima Masumeh Shrine in the city of Qom. Context_7 : The 2007 Yemen tourist attack was a suicide car bomb attack on Spanish tourists visiting the Queen of Sheba temple in Mareb, Ma'rib Governorate on July 2, 2007. Context_8 : The South Yemen insurgency is a term used by the Yemeni government to describe the protests and attacks on government forces in southern Yemen, ongoing since 27 April 2009, on South Yemen's independence day. Although the violence has been blamed on elements within the southern secessionist movement, leaders of the group maintain that their aims of independence are to be achieved through peaceful means, and claim that attacks are from ordinary citizens in response to the government's provocative actions. The insurgency comes amid the Shia insurgency in the country's north as led by the Houthi communities. Southern leaders led a brief, unsuccessful secession in 1994 following unification. Many of them are involved in the present secession movement. Southern separatist insurgents are active mainly in the area of former South Yemen, but also in Ad Dali' Governorate, which was not a part of the independent southern state. Context_9 : Ishmael (Arabic: إسماعيل‎ ‎ , Ismā‘īl ) is the figure known in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam as Abraham's (Ibrahim) son, born to Hagar (Hajar). In Islam, Ishmael is regarded as a prophet ("nabi") and an ancestor to Muhammad. He also became associated with Mecca and the construction of the "Kaaba", as well as equated with the term "Arab" by some. Stories of Ishmael are not only found in Jewish and Christian texts, such as the Bible and rabbinic "Midrash", but also Islamic sources. These sources include the Quran, Quranic commentary (tafsir), "hadith", historiographic collections like that of Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari, and "Isra'iliyat" (Islamic texts about Biblical or ancient Israelite figures that originate from Jewish or Christian sources). Context_10 : The Yemen Post is a newspaper in Yemen published since 2007. It is also Yemen's first hourly updated online news service with reporters spread throughout the country. The "Yemen Post" hard copy version is distributed mostly in Yemen and was first launched in a newspaper format on 2 November 2007. The newspaper is distributed to over 2000 government institutions, embassies, organizations, businesses throughout Yemen. Along with our foreign distribution to neighboring countries, the "Yemen Post" is also distributed to some communities within Europe and the United States. The format of the newspaper was changed to a full colored, top of the art tabloid format on 16 February 2009. The paper was founded by the current publisher and editor in chief, Hakim Almasmari. fact_1 : The 2007 Yemen tourist attack was a suicide car bomb attack on Spanish tourists visiting the Queen of Sheba temple in Mareb, Ma'rib Governorate on July 2, 2007. fact_2 : The Queen of Sheba is a Biblical and Quranic figure. Question: What Biblical and Quranic figure was the center of the 2007 Yemen tourist attacks?
Output (English): Queen of Sheba