Task: Question Answering
Input (English): Context_1 : Iqbal Memorial Institute (Urdu: اقبال میموریل انسٹیٹیوٹ‎ ) (IMI) is an educational institution in the Bemina area of Srinagar,Anantnag the major cities of Jammu and Kashmir. Named after the Kashmiri poet who inspired the Pakistan Movement, Allama Iqbal, Iqbal Memorial Institute was founded under the aegis of the Iqbal Memorial Trust in 1981. Context_2 : American modernism, much like the modernism movement in general, is a trend of philosophical thought arising from the widespread changes in culture and society in the age of modernity. American modernism is an artistic and cultural movement in the United States beginning at the turn of the 20th century, with a core period between World War I and World War II. Like its European counterpart, American modernism stemmed from a rejection of Enlightenment thinking, seeking to better represent reality in a new, more industrialized world. Context_3 : The Enlightenment (also known as the Age of Enlightenment or the Age of Reason; in French: "le Siècle des Lumières" , '"the Century of Lights"' ; and in , "Enlightenment") was an intellectual and philosophical movement which dominated the world of ideas in Europe during the 18th century, "The Century of Philosophy". Context_4 : Soch Kral (Urdu: ‎ ), was a Kashmiri sufi poet and a potter by profession . He was disciple of famous Kashmiri poet Momin. Context_5 : Abdur Rehman Rahi (born May 6, 1925, Srinagar) is a Kashmiri poet, translator and critic. He was awarded the Indian Sahitya Akademi Award in 1961 for his poetry collection "Nawroz-i-Saba", the Padma Shri in 2000, and India's highest literary award, the Jnanpith Award (for the year 2004) in 2007. He is the first Kashmiri writer to be awarded the Gyanpith, India's highest literary award for his poetic collection Siyah Rud jearen Man( In heavy downpour of Black rain ). Context_6 : Modernism is a philosophical movement that, along with cultural trends and changes, arose from wide-scale and far-reaching transformations in Western society during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Among the factors that shaped modernism were the development of modern industrial societies and the rapid growth of cities, followed then by reactions of horror to World War I. Modernism also rejected the certainty of Enlightenment thinking, and many modernists rejected religious belief. Context_7 : Dinanath Nadim (1916–1988) was a prominent Kashmiri poet of the 20th century. He was born in Srinagar city and with him began an era of modern Kashmiri poetry. He also virtually led the progressive writers movement in Kashmir. Rooted to the soil of Kashmir, Nadim's language was spoken Kashmiri, though he initially wrote in Hindi and Urdu as well. He influenced a large group of poets of his age as well as younger than him. Nadim also wrote operas like Vitasta ( Jhelum River ), Safar Taa Shehjaar ( The Journey And The shade )Heemaal Taa Naaegrai ( Heemaal and Naagraaj ), Shuhul Kull ( The Shady Tree ) and Bombur Taa yamberzal( Bumble Bee And The Narcissus Flower), the most popular being "Bombur Taa yamberzal', which was the first opera to be published in Kashmiri. "Me Chhum Aash Paghich" ("I am hopeful of tomorrow") is the most powerful Anti war poem in Kashmiri which Nadim wrote. Context_8 : Progressive Christianity is a "post-liberal movement" within Christianity "that seeks to reform the faith via the insights of post-modernism and a reclaiming of the truth beyond the verifiable historicity and factuality of the passages in the Bible by affirming the truths within the stories that may not have actually happened." Progressive Christianity represents a post-modern theological approach, and is not necessarily synonymous with progressive politics. It developed out of the Liberal Christianity of the modern-era, which was rooted in enlightenment thinking. Context_9 : Abdul Ahad Azad (Urdu; ) (1903–1948) was one of the well known Kashmiri poet oIf his era. He was one of the pioneers of the modernist movement. Azad is often referred to as John Keats of Kashmir. Both Keats and Azad wrote modernist poems and both died in early forties. He was belonging to the Dar tribe of Kashmir. His father's name was Sultan Dar. "Kuleat e Azad" and "Haraam e Saba" are two of his books. One of his poems is translated into English by Prof G.R Malik and named as "Stars Speak to Man" and published in class 8 Tuulip series English book. Context_10 : Professor Ghulam Nabi Firaq (15 July 1927 - 17 December 2016) was a Kashmiri poet, writer and an educationist. From the last fifty years he had been writing poetry and prose. In doing so he used, besides traditional ones, several poetic forms including blank verse, free verse, sonnets, quatrains, metric poems and lyrics. He also translated dozens of English poems of outstanding English poets into Kashmiri. As a result of all this, he enriched the expression of the language and made it more suitable for communicating his sensibility which in nature is modern. Besides, he had been writing essays and articles in Kashmiri language, which was his mother tongue, and which he had made the vehicle of expression from early fifties. As a literary critic and historian he had been trying to evaluate the Kashmiri poetry of the last five hundred years and rehabilitate it by bringing to prominence among other things its intrinsic merit and power of expression. He also holds the Sahitya Akademi Award for his works in Kashmiri literature. He is regarded as one of the very few people of Kashmir who has been trying to preserve the rich Kashmiri culture, heritage and language. fact_1 : Abdul Ahad Azad (Urdu; ) (1903–1948) was one of the well known Kashmiri poet oIf his era. fact_2 :  He was one of the pioneers of the modernist movement. fact_3 : Modernism is a philosophical movement that, along with cultural trends and changes, arose from wide-scale and far-reaching transformations in Western society during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. fact_4 :  Modernism also rejected the certainty of Enlightenment thinking, and many modernists rejected religious belief. Question: What philosophical movement rejects Enlightenment thinking and was pioneered by a Kashmiri poet?
Output (English): Modernism