Task: Question Answering
Input (English): Context_1 : The Litchfield Hills (also known as the Northwest Hills or Northwest Highlands) are a geographic region of the U.S. state of Connecticut located in the northwestern corner of the state. It is a term that is roughly coterminous with the boundaries of Litchfield County, for which it is named. The geographic region includes two officially designated regions: rural Northwestern Connecticut, and the area associated with the city of Torrington (also known as the Upper Naugatuck River Valley or simply Litchfield Hills). Much of the area makes up the lowermost section of the Berkshire region, and is culturally similar to the rest of western New England. Context_2 : Loy Kandahar (Pashto: لوي کندهار‎ , lit. "Great Kandahar") is a historical and cultural region of Afghanistan, comprising the modern Afghan provinces of Kandahar, Helmand, Urozgan, Farah, Zabul and Quetta. Loy Kandahar is vaguely defined by a common culture and history that is connected to the local indigenous tribes that reside in the region. Some people may refer to these areas as being under the "Kandahari cultural sphere of influence". Particular styles of clothing, articles of clothing, turban styles, turban cloth colors, dialects of Pashto language, etc. may sometimes be associated with specific tribes indigenous to Loy Kandahar and thus integrate themselves into regional culture. For instance, a Pashtun tribesman from Loy Kandahar may quickly recognize a Pashtun from Loya Paktia based upon his turban (or lungee) style and color. Likewise, a Pashtun from Loya Paktia may recognize someone from Loy Kandahar based upon his unique style of collarless kameez (shirt) with specific embroidered patterns on the front. There are many subtle and intricate cultural indicators of this type that are not recorded in any known written history but simply known and observed by the tribesmen of the various Pashtun regions of Afghanistan and Pakistan. Context_3 : Until 1 January 2007, Ebeltoft municipality was a municipality (Danish, "kommune") in Aarhus County on the east coast of the Jutland peninsula in central Denmark. The region lies in a geographic region known as southern "Djursland", and more specifically "Mols". The municipality covered an area of 276 km², and had a total population of 14.997 (2003). Its last mayor was Jørgen Brøgger. The main town and the site of its municipal council was the town of Ebeltoft. Context_4 : Pathans in Kashmir (also called Kashmiri Pathans) include Pashtun people (Pathans)who still follow Pashtunwali and speak Pashto as their mother-tongue who have settled in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir region of South Asia. While there are also a large number of Muslims throughout Kashmir who claim Pashtun ancestry through forefathers who migrated to the region under the Afghan rule in Kashmir. While exact numbers are hard to determine, cursory estimates put the number of these Pathans or Pashtuns above 100,000. Many of these Pathans have over time absorbed Kashmiriyat and use Kashmiri language as their first language , although some people following Pashtunwali customs and aspects of Pashtun culture and Pashto are still notably practiced among the community, but are largely few in number and reside in certain areas only. Context_5 : Pashtunwali (Pashto: پښتونوالی‎ ) or Pakhtunwali is a non-written ethical code and traditional lifestyle which the indigenous Pashtun people follow. It is a system of law and governance that is preserved and still in use today, mostly in the rural tribal areas. Its meaning may also be interpreted as "the way of the Pashtuns" or "the code of life". Pashtunwali is widely practiced among Pashtuns, especially among the non-urbanized Pashtuns in the countryside. In addition to being practiced by members of the Pashtun diaspora, it has been adopted by some non-Pashtun Afghans and Pakistanis that live in the Pashtun regions or close to the Pashtuns, who have gradually become Pashtunized over time. During the Pashtun-dominated Taliban regime, Pashtunwali was practiced throughout the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan in conjunction with the Taliban's interpretation of Deobandi Islam. Context_6 : The name "Afghānistān" (Persian: افغانستان‎ ‎ , "Afġānestān" ] , Pashto: افغانستان, "Afġānistān" ] ) means ""land of the Afghans"", which originates from the ethnonym ""Afghan"". Historically, the name ""Afghan"" mainly designated the Pashtun people, the largest ethnic group of Afghanistan. The earliest reference to the name is found in the 10th-century geography book known as "Hudud ul-'alam". The last part of the name, "-stān" is a Persian suffix for "place". Context_7 : "Aryan" ( ) or Arya is a term meaning "noble", which was used as a self-designation by Indo-Iranian people. The word was used by the Indic people of the Vedic period in India as an ethnic label for themselves and to refer to the noble class as well as the geographic region known as "Āryāvarta", where Indo-Aryan culture was based. The closely related Iranian people also used the term as an ethnic label for themselves in the Avesta scriptures, and the word forms the etymological source of the country name "Iran". It was believed in the 19th century that Aryan was also a self-designation used by all Proto-Indo-Europeans, a theory that has now been abandoned. Scholars point out that, even in ancient times, the idea of being an "Aryan" was religious, cultural and linguistic, not racial. Context_8 : Pashtūnistān (Pashto: پښتونستان‎ ; also transliterated Pakhtūnistān; lit. "homeland of the Pashtuns") is the geographic region inhabited by the indigenous Pashtun people of modern-day Afghanistan and Pakistan, wherein Pashtun culture, language, and national identity have been based. Alternative names historically used for the region included ""Afghānistān"" and ""Pashtūnkhwā"", since at least the 3rd century CE onward. Pashtunistan borders Punjab to the east, Persian and Turkic speaking regions to the west and north, Kashmir to the northeast, and Balochistan to the south. Context_9 : Loya Paktia (Pashto: لويه پکتيا‎ , lit. "Great Paktia") is a historical and cultural region of Afghanistan, comprising the modern Afghan provinces of Paktia, Paktika, Khost, and also parts of Logar and Ghazni. The Kurram Agency in Pakistan may be included too. Loya Paktia is vaguely defined by a common culture and history that is connected to the local indigenous tribes that reside in the region. Particular styles of clothing, articles of clothing, turban styles, turban cloth colors, dialects of Pashto language, etc. may sometimes be associated with specific tribes indigenous to Loya Paktia and thus integrate themselves into regional culture. For instance, a Pashtun tribesman from Loy Kandahar may quickly recognize a Pashtun from Loya Paktia based upon his turban (or lungee) style and color. Likewise, a Pashtun from Loya Paktia may recognize someone from Loy Kandahar based upon his unique style of collarless kameez (shirt) with specific embroidered patterns on the front. There are many subtle and intricate cultural indicators of this type that are not recorded in any known written history but simply known and observed by the tribesmen of the various Pashtun regions of Afghanistan and Pakistan. Context_10 : Nibe is a town with a population of 5,093 (1 January 2014), located in Region Nordjylland on the Jutland Peninsula in northern Denmark. The town is located in a geographic region known as "Himmerland". Nibe was the site of the municipal council of Nibe Municipality. The town also holds the Nibe Festival which is held in its very own, Must Forest. fact_1 : Pashtūnistān (Pashto: پښتونستان‎ ; also transliterated Pakhtūnistān; lit. fact_2 :  "homeland of the Pashtuns") is the geographic region inhabited by the indigenous Pashtun people of modern-day Afghanistan and Pakistan, wherein Pashtun culture, language, and national identity have been based. fact_3 :  Alternative names historically used for the region included ""Afghānistān"" and ""Pashtūnkhwā"", since at least the 3rd century CE onward. fact_4 : The name "Afghānistān" (Persian: افغانستان‎ ‎ , "Afġānestān" ] , Pashto: افغانستان, "Afġānistān" ] ) means ""land of the Afghans"", which originates from the ethnonym ""Afghan"". Question: The geographic region known as Pashtunistan inhabited by the indigenous Pashtun people is also known as which country?
Output (English): Afghanistan