Task: Text Categorization
Input (English): In one of his essays, this thinker reasoned that just as a diseased limb is amputated to save the body, so too must tyrants be removed from the body of humanity. In one of his most quoted maxims, this man claimed that "There is no one who loves pain itself simply because it is pain." In a dialogue by this author, a soldier on a military campaign has a celestial out-of-body experience in which he observes the smallness of Earth compared to the stars. This thinker sublimated his grief after the death of his daughter into the tract (*) Consolatio, and unwittingly inspired St. Augustine to take up philosophy with his Hortensius, both of which are now lost. The "Dream of Scipio" is the last book of this author's adaptation of Plato's Republic. Soon after this author explicated how to live morally in an epistolary essay addressed to his son, titled De officiis, he was executed and dismembered as a result of his series of speeches attacking Marc Antony. For 10 points, name this Roman philosopher and master orator who wrote the Philippics.
Output (English): Social Science