Task: Text Categorization
Input (English): Alfred Gilman injected these animals with salt and urea to study the causes of thirst. One of these creatures named Rico has been used as evidence for the fast mapping method of language acquisition. The Scott-Fuller investigation was a 20 year study of the behavior of these animals. In one experiment, these animals were placed in a shuttle box with a barrier on one side of which electric shocks would be administered. In that experiment by Seligman, the members of this species already conditioned to the shocks showed signs of learned helplessness. In another experiment, these animals had their esophagi cut and food placed directly into their stomachs. For 10 points, name these animals that were conditioned to salivate when Pavlov rang a bell.
Output (English): Science