Task: Text Categorization
Input (English): Justice David Josiah Brewer was out of the country during this case, meaning only eight justices contributed to the final vote. Albion W. Tourge and Samuel F. Phillips each helped prepare briefs for the plaintiff and were the only men to argue for him. William Rehnquist wrote a Random Thought supporting this decision two years prior to the 1954 case that would overturn it. John Marshall Harlan was the lone supporter of the plaintiff, who had previously lost his case against the State of Louisiana, which he claimed had denied him his Fourteenth amendment rights by jailing him for his refusal to sit in a colored train car. For 10 points, name this 1896 Supreme Court case that upheld the doctrine of separate but equal.
Output (English): History