Task: Text Categorization
Input (English): One proponent of this idea wrote The Mentality of Apes while in Tenerife, where he also studied how people matched the words "takete" and "baluba" to spiky and rounded shapes, respectively. Another proponent of this idea illustrated the pitfalls of blindly obeying rules to solve problems in his book Productive Thinking. Fritz Perls developed a type of therapy based on this concept. Proximity, continuity, closure, and symmetry are among the tendencies explained by this idea's principle of (*) Pragnanz. A proponent of this idea defined the apparent movement caused by a changing static image as the phi phenomenon. It was first theorized by the trio of Kurt Koffka, Max Wertheimer, and Wolfgang Kohler. For 10 points, name this school of psychology that examines the brain's tendency to perceives the whole.
Output (English): Social Science