Task: Text Categorization
Input (English): Redpath, Thaden, and Fong found that E. Coli could be transformed from streptomycin-sensitive to streptomycin-resistant in the presence of this. Since this depends on the phase velocity, this can be achieved with very low particle velocities in a periodic medium, an effect known as the Smith-Purcell effect. Experiments such as VERITAS and MAGIC seek to determine the source and intensity of cosmic rays by detecting this, and Nag and Sayied found certain cases in which the energy released by this was larger than predicted by the Frank-Tamm formula, the usual method of calculating the amount of this emitted. For ten points, name this phenomenon, the subject of the 1958 Nobel Prize in Physics, caused by charged particles traveling faster than the speed of light in a medium, a type of radiation famous for the blue glow it gives nuclear reactors.
Output (English): Science