Task: Text Categorization
Input (English): create disorder in these substances to model a process in which the mean free path of electrons approaches their Fermi wavelength, which causes a metal-to-insulator transition. In addition to their use in the macroscopic modeling of Anderson localization, these substances display a certain effect when a magnet is dragged through them, which decouples the degree of freedom of their constituent parts from the reaction coordinate of those parts. The Hartree free particle is not one of these entities, but does satisfy an equation that models them. That equation adds a coupling term to the Schrodinger equation to model their behavior. A two-dimensional form of these substances is a Tonks-Girardeau gas. These substances form when a bunch of confined integer spin particles collapse to the lowest available quantum state, and were first observed in rubidium atoms by Cornell and Wiemann. For 10 points, name this phase of low-energy matter whose wavefunctions are notably given by the Gross-Pitaevskii equation, named for two scientists.
Output (English): Science