Task: Text Categorization
Input (English): The Alder-Wainwright transition occurs where this changes sign, and Lieb and Yngvason treated it as a monotonic, additive, extensive function. Stirling's formula is often used in deriving its value for a monoatomic ideal gas; that value is given by the Sakur-Tetrode equation. For a microscopic system, it is calculated by multiplying Boltzmanns constant by the natural log of possible microstates, and multiplying the change in this by temperature and adding the change in enthalpy yields the free energy of a system. For 10 points, what is this thermodynamic quantity which represents the amount of disorder in a system and is symbolized S
Output (English): Science