Task: Question Answering
Input (English): Question: In a quasi-experimental design: 
 Options:  <1> There is no specific intervention by the researcher on the independent variable or treatment. <2> Spontaneous behavior is studied in natural situations. <3> It constitutes the maximum degree of intervention and internal control. <4> Study groups can not be organized by random assignment. <5> It represents the maximum degree of naturalness and the minimum internal control.
Output (English): 4