Title: September 8 Content: == Events == === Up to 1900 === * 70 - Roman forces under Titus sack Jerusalem. * 1380 - Battle of Kulikovo: Russian forces defeat a mixed army of Tatars and Mongols, stopping their advance. * 1504 – Michelangelo's David statue is unveiled in Florence. * 1514 - Battle of Orsha: In one of the biggest battles of the century, Lithuanians and Poles defeat the Russian army. * 1565 - The Knights of Malta end the Turkish Siege of Malta that began on May 18. * 1665 - Warsaw falls without resistance to a small force under Charles X Gustav of Sweden. * 1727 - A barn fire during a puppet show in the village of Burwell in Cambridgeshire, England, kills 78 people, most of them children. * 1761 – King George III of the United Kingdom marries Charlotte of Mecklenburg- Strelitz. * 1796 - French Revolutionary Wars: The French defeat Austrian forces in Bassano, Venetia, present-day Italy. * 1831 – William IV of the United Kingdom is crowned king. * 1860 - The steamship Lady Elgin sinks on Lake Michigan, killing around 300 people. * 1863 – American Civil War: At the Second Battle of Sabine Pass, the Confederates prevent an attempt from the Union army to enter Texas. * 1883 - The Northern Pacific Railway is completed in a ceremony at Gold Creek, Montana, United States. * 1888 - Jack the Ripper killings: The body of Annie Chapman is found. * 1888 - in England, the first six Football League matches are played. * 1892 – The American Pledge of Allegiance is recited for the first time. * 1900 – In Galveston, Texas, a hurricane kills around 8,000 people. === 1901 2000 === * 1914 - World War I: Private Thomas Highgate becomes the first British soldier to be executed for desertion during the war. * 1923 - Honda Point disaster: Nine United States Navy destroyers run aground on the California coast. Seven are lost and 23 sailors are killed. * 1926 – Germany is admitted to the League of Nations. * 1928 - Uruguay is given the right to host the 1930 FIFA World Cup. * 1934 - Off the New Jersey coast, a fire aboard the passenger liner SS Morro Castle kills 135 people. * 1935 - United States Senator Huey Long from Louisiana is fatally shot the state's capitol building. * 1941 - World War II: The Siege of Leningrad begins. * 1943 – World War II: US General Dwight D. Eisenhower publicly announces the allied armistice with Italy. * 1944 - London is hot by a V-2 rocket for the first time. * 1945 - United States troops arrive to partition South Korea after the Soviet occupation of the northern part. * 1962 – Algeria adopts its constitution. * 1966 – The First episode of Star Trek airs. * 1966 - The Severn Bridge in southwestern England is officially opened by Queen Elizabeth II. * 1974 – Gerald Ford pardons former US President Richard Nixon. * 1986 - The Oprah Winfrey Show is broadcast for the first time on US television. * 1988 - Yellowstone National Park is closed for the first time in its history due to ongoing fires. * 1989 - Partnair Flight 394 crashes in the North Sea, killing 55 people. * 1991 – The Republic of Macedonia becomes independent. * 1994 - USAir Flight 427, on approach to Pittsburgh International Airport, suddenly crashes, killing all 132 on board. === From 2001 === * 2004 - NASA's unmanned spacecraft Genesis crash-lands in Utah when its parachute fails to open. * 2005 - Two EMERCOM II-76 aircraft land at a disaster aid staging area at Little Rock Air Force Base in Arkansas - the first time Russia has flown such a mission to North America. * 2013 - Eleven people die in a train crash in Iasi County, Romania. * 2018 - US Open: Naomi Osaka becomes the first Japanese tennis player to win a Grand Slam title, in a match dominated by her opponent Serena Williams' disputes with the umpire. * 2019 - US Open: Rafael Nadal defeats Daniil Medvedev in five sets to win his 19th Grand Slam singles title, putting him just one behind Roger Federer's total of 20. * 2022 - Queen Elizabeth II dies at the age of 96 and her son, Charles III becomes the King of the United Kingdom and Head of the Commonwealth. == Births == === Up to 1900 === * 801 Ansgar, German Christian archbishop (d. 865) * 1157 King Richard I of England (d. 1199) * 1207 King Sancho II of Portugal (d. 1248) * 1380 Saint Bernardino of Siena, Italian Franciscan missionary (d. 1444) * 1413 Catherine of Bologna, Italian nun, writer, mystic, teacher, artist and saint (d. 1463) * 1474 Ludovico Ariosto, Italian poet (d. 1533) * 1588 Marin Mersenne, French mathematician (d. 1648) * 1611 Johann Friedrich Gronovius, German philologist (d. 1671) * 1621 Louis II de Bourbon, Prince de Conde, French general (d. 1686) * 1624 Murad Baksh, son of Shah Jahan and Mumtaz Mahal (d. 1661) * 1633 Ferdinand IV of Germany (d. 1654) * 1749 Gabrielle de Polastron, duchesse de Polignac, French aristocrat (d. 1793) * 1749 Marie-Louise, princesse de Lamballe, French aristocrat (d. 1792) * 1750 Tanikaze Kajinosuke, Japanese sumo wrestler (d. 1795) * 1752 Carl Stenborg, Swedish opera singer (d. 1813) * 1767 August von Schlegel, German poet (d. 1845) * 1778 Clemens Brentano, German poet (d. 1842) * 1779 Mustafa IV, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1808) * 1783 Nicolai Frederik Severin Grundtvig, Danish writer and philosopher (d. 1872) * 1814 Charles Etienne Brasseur de Bourbourg, French archaeologist, ethnographer and historian (d. 1874) * 1815 Giuseppina Strepponi, Italian operatic soprano (d. 1897) * 1819 Fontes Pereira de Melo, Portuguese statesman (d. 1887) * 1822 Karl von Ditmar, German geologist and explorer (d. 1892) * 1828 Joshua Chamberlain, American general, politician and 32nd Governor of Maine (d. 1914) * 1830 Frédéric Mistral, French poet (d. 1914) * 1831 Wilhelm Raabe, German writer (d. 1910) * 1841 Antonín Dvořák, Czech composer (d. 1904) * 1841 Charles J. Guiteau, assassin of US President James A. Garfield (d. 1882) * 1851 John Jenkins, American-born Premier of South Australia (d. 1923) * 1852 Emperor Gwangmu of Korea (d. 1919) * 1857 Georg Michaelis, Chancellor of Germany (d. 1936) * 1872 George Dern, Governor of Utah (d. 1936) * 1873 David O. McKay, American Mormon leader (d. 1970) * 1881 Harry Hillman, American athlete (d. 1945) * 1881 Refik Saydam, 5th Prime Minister and Turkey (d. 1942) * 1886 Siegfried Sassoon, British poet (d. 1967) * 1886 Ninon Vallin, French soprano (d. 1961) * 1887 Jacob L. Devers, American general (d. 1979) * 1887 George, Crown Prince of Serbia (d. 1972) * 1889 Robert Alphonso Taft, American politician (d. 1953) * 1897 Jimmie Rodgers, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1933) * 1900 Claude Pepper, American politician (d. 1989) === 1901 1950 === * 1901 Hendrik Verwoerd, South African politician (d. 1966) * 1906 Andrei Kirilenko, Soviet politician (d. 1990) * 1910 Jean-Louis Barrault, French actor and director (d. 1994) * 1914 Patriarch Demetrios I of Constantinople (d. 1991) * 1918 Derek Harold Richard Barton, British chemist (d. 1998) * 1919 Gianni Brera, Italian journalist and author (d. 1992) * 1919 Maria Lassnig, Austrian painter (d. 2014) * 1921 Harry Secombe, Welsh tenor and actor (d. 2001) * 1922 Sid Caesar, American comedian and actor (d. 2014) * 1922 Lyndon LaRouche, American politician (d. 2019) * 1923 Joy Laville, British-Mexican artist (d. 2018) * 1924 Fred Jarvis, British trade unionist * 1924 Wendell H. Ford, American politician, 53rd Governor of Kentucky (d. 2015) * 1925 Peter Sellers, British actor (d. 1980) * 1929 Christoph von Dohnanyi, German conductor * 1930 Mario Adorf, Swiss-German actor * 1930 Nguyen Cao Ky, South Vietnamese air force chief and Prime Minister (d. 2011) * 1930 Robert W. Firestone, American psychologist and author * 1932 Patsy Cline, American singer (d. 1963) * 1933 Paul M. Fleiss, American pediatrician (d. 2014) * 1934 Alan Dundes, American folklorist (d. 2005) * 1937 Joe Carolan, Irish footballer (d. 2018) * 1938 Wibke Bruhns, German journalist and writer (d. 2019) * 1939 Carsten Keller, German field hockey player * 1941 Ito Giani, Italian sprinter (d. 2018) * 1941 Bernie Sanders, American politician * 1944 Margaret Hodge, English politician * 1944 Terry Jenner, Australian cricketer and coach * 1945 Ron "Pigpen" McKernan, American musician (Grateful Dead) (d. 1973) * 1945 Rogie Vachon, Canadian ice hockey player and coach * 1946 Aziz Sancar, Turkish-American biochemist and molecular biologist, Nobel laureate * 1947 Halldor Asgrimsson, Icelandic politician, former Prime Minister of Iceland (d. 2015) * 1947 Valery Afanassiev, Russian politician * 1948 Great Kabuki, Japanese wrestler * 1950 Ian Davidson, Scottish politician === 1951 1975 === * 1951 John McDonnell, English politician * 1952 David R. Ellis, American director, actor and stuntman (d. 2013) * 1954 Anne Diamond, English journalist * 1955 Julian Richings, English-Canadian actor * 1956 David Carr, American journalist and writer (d. 2015) * 1957 Walt Easley, American football player (d. 2013) * 1957 Ricardo Montaner, Argentine-Venezuelan singer * 1958 Mitsuru Miyamoto, Japanese voice actor * 1959 Judy Murray, Scottish tennis coach * 1960 Aimee Mann, American musician * 1960 Stefano Casiraghi, Italian businessman, married into Monegasque royalty (d. 1990) * 1963 Danny Frawley, Australian footballer (d. 2019) * 1963 Brad Silberling, American television and movie director * 1966 Carola, Swedish singer * 1967 Eerik-Niiles Kross, Estonian politician and diplomat * 1968 Louise Minchin, English journalist * 1969 Gary Speed, Welsh footballer and coach (d. 2011) * 1970 Latren Sprewell, American basketball player * 1970 Nidal Malik Hassan, American soldier and murderer * 1971 David Arquette, American actor * 1971 Martin Freeman, English actor * 1972 Markus Babbel, German footballer * 1973 Khamis Al-Owairan, Saudi footballer * 1975 Richard Hughes, English musician (Keane) * 1975 Chris Latham, Australian rugby player * 1975 Lee Eul-Yong, South Korean footballer and manager * 1975 Elena Likhovtseva, Russian tennis player === From 1976 === * 1976 Sjeng Schalken, Dutch tennis player * 1976 Gerald Drummond, Costa Rican footballer * 1976 Jervis Drummond, Costa Rican footballer * 1979 Pink, American singer * 1980 Mbulaeni Mulaudzi, South African runner (d. 2014) * 1980 Kristian Kjelling, Norwegian handball player * 1981 Morten Gamst Pedersen, Norwegian footballer * 1983 Diego Benaglio, Swiss footballer * 1984 Peter Whittingham, English footballer * 1984 Vitaly Petrov, Russian racing driver * 1986 Joao Moutinho, Portuguese footballer * 1987 Wiz Khalifa, American rapper * 1987 Alexandre Bilodeau, Canadian freestyle skier * 1987 Marcel Nguyen, German gymnast * 1987 Dom Parsons, English skeleton racer * 1988 Chantal Jones, American model and actress * 1989 Avicii, Swedish DJ and producer (d. 2018) * 1989 Gylfi Sigurdsson, Icelandic footballer * 1990 Matt Barkley, American football player * 1991 Ignacio González Espinoza, Mexican footballer * 1991 Joe Sugg, English YouTuber, author and vlogger * 1994 Bruno Fernandes, Portuguese footballer == Deaths == === Up to 1900 === * 394 Arbogast, Frankish general * 701 Pope Sergius I * 780 Leo IV the Khazar, Byzantine Emperor (b. 750) * 1100 Antipope Clement III (b. 1029) * 1134 Alfonso I of Aragon and Navarre (b. 1073) * 1397 Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester, English politician (b. 1355) * 1425 King Charles III of Navarre (b. 1361) * 1613 Carlo Gesualdo, Italian composer (b. 1566) * 1637 Robert Fludd, English physician, mathematician and cosmologist (b. 1574) * 1644 John Coke, English politician (b. 1563) * 1645 Francisco de Quevedo, Spanish poet and politician (b. 1580) * 1682 Juan Caramuel y Lobkowitz, Spanish writer (b. 1606) * 1780 Enoch Poor, American general (b. 1736) * 1784 Ann Lee, American religious leader (b. 1736) * 1811 Peter Simon Pallas, German zoologist and botanist (b. 1741) * 1882 Joseph Liouville, French mathematician (b. 1809) * 1888 Annie Chapman, victim of Jack the Ripper (b. 1841) * 1894 Hermann von Helmholtz, German physician and physicist (b. 1821) === 1901 2000 === * 1916 Friedrich Baumfelder, German pianist, composer and conductor (b. 1836) * 1933 King Faisal I of Iraq (b. 1883) * 1944 Richard Strauss, German composer (b. 1864) * 1963 Maurice Wilks, English automotive engineer (b. 1904) * 1965 Dorothy Dandridge, American actress and singer (b. 1922) * 1965 Hermann Staudinger, German chemist (b. 1881) * 1969 Bud Collyer, American actor and game show host (b. 1908) * 1970 Percy Spencer, inventor (b. 1894) * 1978 Ricardo Zamora, Spanish footballer (b. 1901) * 1979 Jean Seberg, American actress (b. 1938) * 1980 Willard Libby, American chemist (b. 1908) * 1981 Roy Wilkins, American civil rights activist (b. 1901) * 1981 Hideki Yukawa, Japanese physicist (b. 1907) * 1981 Nisargadatta Maharaj, Indian guru, philosopher and educator (b. 1897) * 1983 Antoine Magne, French cyclist (b. 1904) * 1985 John Franklin Enders, American scientist * 1989 Sgt. Barry Sadler, American soldier, writer and songwriter (b. 1940) * 1999 Moondog, American composer, musician and poet (b. 1916) === From 2001 === * 2003 Leni Riefenstahl, German movie maker (b. 1902) * 2003 Jaclyn Linetsky, Canadian voice actress (b. 1986) * 2004 Delfín Benítez Cáceres, Paraguayan footballer (b. 1910) * 2006 Thomas Lee Judge, 18th Governor of Montana (b. 1934) * 2009 Aage Niels Bohr, Danish physicist (b. 1922) * 2010 Israel Tal, Israeli military (b. 1924) * 2011 Vo Chi Cong, former President of Vietnam (b. 1912) * 2012 Bill Moggridge, English-American designer, author and educator (b. 1943) * 2012 Thomas Szasz, Hungarian- American psychiatrist and academic (b. 1920) * 2013 Louise Currie, American actress (b. 1913) * 2014 George Zuverink, American baseball player (b. 1924) * 2014 Gerald Wilson, American jazz trumpeter (b. 1918) * 2014 Magda Olivero, Italian operatic soprano (b. 1910) * 2014 Bobby Fong, American academic (b. 1950) * 2014 Sean O'Haire, American professional wrestler, mixed martial artist and kickboxer (b. 1971) * 2015 Andrew Kohut, American political scientist (b. 1942) * 2015 Joost Zwagerman, Dutch author (b. 1963) * 2015 Ebby Halliday, American businesswoman (b. 1911) * 2016 Prince Buster, Jamaican musician (b. 1938) * 2017 Pierre Bergé, French businessman and activist (b. 1930) * 2017 Isabelle Daniels, American sprinter (b. 1937) * 2017 Catherine Hardy Lavender, American sprinter (b. 1930) * 2017 Blake Heron, American actor (b. 1982) * 2017 Jerry Pournelle, American science fiction author (b. 1933) * 2017 Karl Ravens, German politician (b. 1927) * 2017 Don Williams, American country music singer-songwriter (b. 1939) * 2018 Jonas Algirdas Antanaitis, Lithuanian politician (b. 1921) * 2018 Gennadi Gagulia, Abkhazian politician, Prime Minister of Abkhazia (b. 1948) * 2018 Chelsi Smith, American singer and beauty pageant winner (b. 1973) * 2019 Chris Dobson, British chemist (b. 1949) * 2019 Ram Jethmalani, Indian lawyer and politician (b. 1923) * 2019 Yisrael Kessar, Yemeni-born Israeli politician (b. 1931) * 2019 Lito Legaspi, Filipino actor (b. 1941) * 2019 Christopher James, 5th Baron Northbourne, British aristocrat (b. 1926) * 2019 Joseph P. Kolter, American politician (b. 1926) * 2019 Camilo Sesto, Spanish singer-songwriter (b. 1946) * 2019 Olav Skjevesland, Norwegian Roman Catholic prelate (b. 1942) * 2019 Carlos Squeo, Argentine footballer (b. 1948) * 2022 Queen Elizabeth II, British monarch and head of the Commonwealth (b. 1926)Queen Elizabeth II has died, Buckingham Palace announces == Observances == * National Holiday (Andorra and Republic of Macedonia) * International Literacy Day (UNESCO) * Victory Day (Pakistan) * Nativity of the Virgin (Christianity)