Title: 1793 Content: == Events == * January 2 – Russia and Prussia divide Poland * January 9 – Jean-Pierre Blanchard becomes the first to fly in a balloon in the United States. * January 21 – After being found guilty of treason by the French Convention, "Citizen Capet" i.e. Louis XVI of France is guillotined. * February 1 – France declares war on Great Britain, the Netherlands (see French Revolutionary Wars) * February 12 – The Congress of the United States passes a law legally requiring the return of slaves escaping from slave states into free territory or states, the Fugitive Slave Act * February 25 – George Washington holds the first Cabinet meeting as President of the United States. * February 27 – The Giles resolutions are introduced to the United States House of Representatives asking the House to condemn Alexander Hamilton's handling of loans. * March 1 – John Langdon becomes President Pro Tempore of the United States Senate until March 3 * March 5 – French troops are defeated by Austrian forces and Liège is recaptured * March 7 – France declares war on Spain * April 1 – Unsen volcano erupts in Japan and causes an earthquake. About 53.000 dead * April 6 – Committee of Public Safety established in France with Georges Danton as its head. * April 22 – George Washington signs the Neutrality Proclamation. * May 31 – Regular troops under Francois Hanriet demand that the Girondins must be expelled from the national convention * June 2 – Girondins overthrown * June 10 – The Jardin des Plantes museum opened in Paris (a year later it would become the first public zoo). * July 9 – Act Against Slavery passed in Upper Canada * July 13 – Charlotte Corday kills Jean-Paul Marat in his bath * July 22 – Alexander Mackenzie reaches the Pacific Ocean becoming the first Euro-American to complete a transcontinental crossing north of Mexico * July 29 – John Graves Simcoe decides to build a fort and settlement at Toronto, having sailed into the bay there * August 10 – Feast of Unity – Crowds in Paris burn monarchist emblems * August 23 – Universal conscription in France * September 5 – In France, the French National Convention votes to implement terror measures to repress French Revolutionary activities. The ensuing "Reign of Terror" will last until the spring of 1794 and causes death of 35,000-40,000 people. * October 12 – The cornerstone of Old East, the oldest state university building in the United States, is laid in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, on the campus of the University of North Carolina. The 12th of October is now celebrated at the university as University Day. * November 8 – In Paris, the French Revolutionary government opens the Louvre to the public as a museum * October 16 – Execution of Marie Antoinette * October 28 – Eli Whitney applied for a patent for his cotton gin, (the patent was granted the following March). * October 31 – Execution of arrested Girondist leaders in France in a guillotine * November 24 – French Revolutionary Calendar begins * December 8 – Execution of Madame du Barry * December 9– New York City's first daily newspaper, the American Minerva, is established by Noah Webster. * December 17 – French forces under Napoleon capture Toulon from royalists and British troops * The city of Butler, Pennsylvania founded * Louis XVI of France b. 1754