Title: 1912 Content: 1912 (MCMXII) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. == Events == * January 1 – Establishment of Republic of China. * January 5 – Prague Party Conference * January 6 – New Mexico is admitted as the 47th U.S. state. * January 17 – British polar explorer Robert Falcon Scott and a team of four begin the second expedition to reach the South Pole. * January 23 – The International Opium Convention is signed at The Hague. * February 8 – Mexican Revolution – Military rebellion against the rule of Francisco Madero begins in Mexico City. Battles last for 10 days * February 12 – Republic of China adopts the Gregorian calendar * February 14 – Arizona is admitted as the 48th U.S. state. * February 14 – In Groton, Connecticut, the first diesel-powered submarine is commissioned. * February 18 – Francisco Madero is forced to resign – battle ends. All members of Madero's government are arrested. * February 19 – Prizes are included in Cracker Jack candy boxes for the first time * February 22 – Francisco Madero and Pino Suarez are shot, allegedly when they "tried to escape" * March 1 – Albert Berry makes the first parachute jump from a moving airplane. * March 1 – Georg Ritter von Trapp, head of the famous Austrian singing family memorialized in the musical The Sound of Music marries Agathe * March 5 – Italian forces are the first to use airships for a military purpose by using them for reconnaissance west of Tripoli behind Turkish lines. * March 7 – Roald Amundsen announces discovery of the South Pole * March 7 – French aviator Henri Seimet makes the first non-stop flight from Paris to London in three hours * March 12 – The Girl Guides (later renamed the Girl Scouts) are founded. * March 16 – Lawrence Oates, ill member of Scott's South Pole expedition leaves the tent saying, "I am just going outside and may be some time" * March 27 – Mayor Yukio Ozaki of Tokyo gives 3,000 cherry blossom trees to be planted in Washington, D.C. to symbolize the friendship between the two countries. * March 30 – France establishes a protectorate over Morocco. * April 14–15 – The R.M.S Titanic sank after hitting an iceberg in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean. Over 1500 people died. * Alexis Carrel, French surgeon, won the 1912 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine == Births == === January === * January 8 – José Ferrer, Puerto Rican actor and theatre and film director (d. 1992) * January 28 – Jackson Pollack, American artist (d. 1956) === February === * February 19 – Anton Buttigieg, 2nd President of Malta (d. 1983) === March === * March 5 – Jack Marshall, Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1988) * March 12 – Pat Nixon, 39th First Lady of the United States (d. 1993) * March 22 – Karl Malden, American actor (d. 2009) * March 27 — James Callaghan, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 2005) === April === * April 8 – Sonja Henie, Norwegian figure skater (d. 1969) * April 15 – Kim Il-sung, Supreme Leader of North Korea (d. 1994) === May === * May 9 – Pedro Armendáriz, Mexican actor (d. 1963) === June === * June 23 – Alan Turing, English mathematician (d. 1954) === July === === August === * August 13 – Salvador Luria, Italian American microbiologist (d. 1991) * August 23 – Gene Kelly, American dancer, actor, singer, director, producer and choreographer (d. 1996) * August 25 – Erich Honecker, East German leader (d. 1994) === September === * September 5 – John Cage, American composer (d. 1992) * September 21 – Chuck Jones, American animator, cartoon artist, screenwriter, producer, and director of animated films (d. 2002) === October === * October 7 – Fernando Belaúnde Terry, 49th and 52nd President of Peru (d. 2002) * October 17 – Pope John Paul I (d. 1978) === November === === December === * December 2 – Boun Oum, 4th Prime Minister of Laos (d. 1980) * December 22 – Lady Bird Johnson, 38th First Lady of the United States (d. 2007) == Deaths == * February 12 – Gerhard Armauer Hansen, Norwegian doctor and scientist (b. 1841) * May 30 – Wilbur Wright of the Wright brothers, American co-inventor of the airplane. * April 15 – Over 1500 people die on the R.M.S Titanic * December 11 - James Otis, American children's writer == Art, music, theatre, literature, movies == * May 29 - Premiere of Nijinsky's ballet The Afternoon of a Faun in Paris