Title: June 14 Content: == Events == === Up to 1900 === * 1057 Pope Stephen IX is elected. * 1158 Munich is founded by Henry the Lion on the banks of the river Isar. * 1177 The Cham people conquer the Khmer city of Angkor in present-day Cambodia, where the Angkor Wat temple is located. They came over the Tonle Sap lake on their way there. * 1216 First Barons' War: Prince Louis of France captures the city of Winchester and then conquers over half of the Kingdom of England. * 1276 While taking exile in Fuzhou in southern China, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the Song Dynasty court hold the coronation ceremony for the young prince, Zhao Shi, making Emperor Duanzong of Song. * 1285 Forces led by Prince Tran Quang Khai of Vietnam's Tran Dynasty destroys most of the invading Mongol naval fleet in the Battle of Chuong Duong. * 1381 Richard II of England meets with leaders of the Peasants' Revolt. * 1645 English Civil War: The Battle of Naseby results in 12,000 royalists being defeated by 15,000 parliamentarian soldiers. * 1648 Margaret Jones is hanged in Boston, Massachusetts, being the first execution for witchcraft in the Massachusetts colony. * 1775 The Continental Army is founded by the Continental Congress. This is regarded as the founding of the United States Army. * 1777 The Stars and Stripes is chosen as the national flag of the United States. * 1789 After the Mutiny on the Bounty, William Bligh and 18 other survivors reach the island of Timor, after a 7,400-kilometre open-boat journey. * 1797 The Ligurian Republic is declared in Genoa. * 1800 Napoleonic Wars: The French re- conquer Italy after defeating the Austrians at the Battle of Marengo. * 1807 Napoleon Bonaparte's French Grande Armee defeats the Russian Army at the Battle of Friedland in what was then part of Poland, ending the War of the Fourth Coalition * 1811 Harriet Beecher Stowe, writer of Uncle Tom's Cabin, is born. * 1822 Charles Babbage proposes a difference engine to the Royal Astronomical Society, which he describes as 'note on application of machinery to the computation of astronomical and mathematical tables'. * 1830 The French invasion of Algiers begins. * 1839 The first Henley-on-Thames Royal Regatta takes place in Oxfordshire. * 1846 Not knowing of the Mexican-American War, 22 American settlers found the Republic of California, which is annexed by the United States soon after. * 1863 American Civil War: Second Battle of Winchester. * 1872 Trade Unions are legalised in Canada. * 1891 A bridge collapse near Munchenstein in Switzerland, causes a train to derail, killing 78 people. * 1900 Hawaii is annexed by the United States. * 1900 The Reichstag approves a second law that allows the expansion of the German navy. === 1901 2000 === * 1907 Norway gives women the right to vote. * 1913 Football: The club Racing Santander is founded in Santander, Cantabria, Spain. * 1914 The five-ring flag of the Olympics is first raised. * 1919 John Alcock and Arthur Whitten Brown depart from St. John's, Newfoundland on the first non-stop trans-Atlantic flight. * 1926 Brazil leaves the League of Nations. * 1937 Itatiaia National Park becomes the first National Park in Brazil. * 1937 Pennsylvania starts to celebrate Flag Day as a public holiday. * 1940 World War II: Paris falls under German occupation. * 1940 Holocaust: The Auschwitz Concentration Camp is opened. * 1940 The Soviet Union issues an ultimatum to Lithuania, ending its independence. * 1941 June deportation: The first major wave of Soviet mass deportations and murders of Estonians, Latvians and Lithuanians begins. * 1942 Anne Frank starts to write in her diary. * 1949 Bao Dai is installed as the South Vietnamese leader in Saigon. * 1951 UNIVAC (Universal Automatic Computer) is dedicated by the US Census bureau. * 1954 Dwight D. Eisenhower signs a bill adding 'under God' into the US Pledge of Allegiance. * 1955 Chile signs the Buenos Aires Convention. * 1962 The European Space Research Organisation is founded in Paris, later becoming the European Space Agency. * 1965 Nguyen Cao Ky becomes leader of South Vietnam, leading a military junta. * 1967 The Mariner 5 space probe is launched to Venus. * 1967 The People's Republic of China tests its first hydrogen bomb. * 1982 The Falklands War comes to an end, as Argentine forces surrender to the British in Port Stanley. * 1985 TWA Flight 847 is hijacked by Hezbollah shortly after take-off from Athens. * 1993 Tansu Ciller becomes the first female Prime Minister of Turkey. * 1994 A riot occurs in Vancouver after a Stanley Cup ice hockey match, where the New York Rangers defeated the Vancouver Canucks. * 1998 The Storebaelt Bridge, consisting of Western and Eastern sections and connecting the Danish islands of Funen and Zealand, is opened to traffic. * 1998 The Chicago Bulls win a 6th NBA championship in 8 years. Part of the successful team was Michael Jordan. * 1999 Thabo Mbeki is chosen to succeed Nelson Mandela as President of South Africa. === From 2001 === * 2002 Near-Earth asteroid "2002 MN" misses the Earth by 121,000 kilometers (75,000 miles). * 2003 In a referendum, a majority of voters in the Czech Republic approves entry to the EU. * 2013 The Airbus A350 aircraft has its first flight. * 2015 The Philae spacecraft, which made the first successful landing on a comet in November 2014, wakes up. It had gone into hibernation a few days after landing. * 2015 Flooding in Tbilisi, Georgia, kills 12 people and results in several zoo animals either being killed or escaping onto the streets. * 2017 Grenfell Tower fire: A massive fire occurs in a tower block in North Kensington, London, killing 72 people. * 2017 2017 Congressional baseball shooting: Gunman James T. Hodgkinson opens fire on a baseball practice session among US Republican members of Congress, before being shot dead by police. Congressman Steve Scalise is severely injured in the attack. * 2017 Leo Varadkar becomes Taoiseach of the Republic of Ireland. * 2018 The 2018 FIFA World Cup starts in Moscow, as hosts Russia defeat Saudi Arabia 5-0. * 2019 The 2019 Copa América, in Brazil, starts; the hosts start the tournament with a 3-0 win over Bolivia. == Births == === Up to 1900 === * 1444 Nilakantha Somayaji, Indian astronomer and mathematician (d. 1544) * 1463 Henry IV, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (d. 1514) * 1479 Giglio Gregorio Giraldi, Italian poet (d. 1552) * 1529 Ferdinand II, Archduke of Austria (d. 1595) * 1691 Jan Francisci, Hungarian organist and composer (d. 1758) * 1712 Sayat- Nova, Armenian singer, poet and composer (d. 1795) * 1726 James Hutton, Scottish geologist (d. 1797) * 1726 Thomas Pennant, Welsh naturalist (d. 1798) * 1730 Antonio Sacchini, Italian composer (d. 1786) * 1736 Charles-Augustin de Coulomb, French physicist (d. 1806) * 1763 Simon Mayr, German composer (d. 1845) * 1780 Henry Salt, English artist, diplomat and Egyptologist (d. 1827) * 1796 Nikolai Brashman, Russian mathematician (d. 1866) * 1798 Frantisek Palacky, Czech scholar and politician (d. 1876) * 1801 Heber C. Kimball, American religious leader (d. 1868) * 1811 Harriet Beecher Stowe, American writer (d. 1896) * 1812 Fernando Wood, Mayor of New York City (d. 1881) * 1819 Henry Gardner, 23rd Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1892) * 1832 Nikolaus Otto, German engineer (d. 1891) * 1835 Nikolai Rubinstein, Russian composer, pianist and conductor (d. 1881) * 1838 Yamagata Aritomo, Japanese military leader, and two-time Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1922) * 1840 William F. Nast, American attaché, railroad executive and inventor (d. 1893) * 1855 Robert M. La Follette, Sr., 20th Governor of Wisconsin (d. 1925) * 1856 Andrei Markov, Russian mathematician (d. 1922) * 1862 John Ulric Nef, Swiss-born chemist (d. 1915) * 1864 Alois Alzheimer, German doctor, discovered Alzheimer's disease (d. 1915) * 1868 Karl Landsteiner, Austrian doctor, won the 1930 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1943) * 1870 Sophia of Prussia, Queen consort of Greece (d. 1932) * 1871 Jacob Ellehammer, Danish inventor (d. 1946) * 1877 Jane Bathori, French soprano (d. 1970) * 1884 John McCormack, Irish fencer (d. 1945) * 1884 Georg Zacharias, German swimmer (d. 1953) * 1888 Jacques de Lacretelle, French writer (d. 1985) * 1893 Siggie Nordstrom, Swedish singer (d. 1980) * 1894 Marie-Adelaide, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg (d. 1924) * 1895 Jack Adams, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 1968) * 1895 Pan Yuliang, Chinese painter (d. 1977) * 1899 Yasunari Kawabata, Japanese writer (d. 1972) === 1901 1950 === * 1903 Alonzo Church, American mathematician and theorist (d. 1995) * 1907 Chico Landi, Brazilian racing driver (d. 1989) * 1909 Burl Ives, American musician (d. 1995) * 1910 Rudolf Kempe, German conductor (d. 1976) * 1910 Carlo Ceseroli, Italian footballer (d. 1995) * 1916 Georg Henrik von Wright, Finnish philosopher (d. 2003) * 1917 Lise Norgaard, Danish journalist, novelist and screenwriter * 1919 Gene Barry, American actor (d. 2009) * 1919 Sam Wanamaker, American actor (d. 1993) * 1920 Jacques Datin, French songwriter (d. 1973) * 1921 Martha Greenhouse, American actress (d. 2013) * 1922 Kevin Roche, Irish architect (d. 2019) * 1923 Judith Kerr, German-born English writer (d. 2019) * 1924 James W. Black, Scottish physician (d. 2010) * 1925 Serge Moscovici, French psychologist (d. 2014) * 1925 Pierre Salinger, American journalist and politician (d. 2004) * 1926 Hermann Kant, German writer (d. 2016) * 1928 Che Guevara, Argentinian Marxist revolutionary (d. 1967) * 1928 Robert Brout, Belgian physicist (d. 2011) * 1929 Gunilla Pontén, Swedish fashion designer (d. 2019) * 1930 Odile Versois, French actress (d. 1980) * 1931 Marla Gibbs, American actress, singer and screenwriter * 1931 Junior Walker, American saxophonist and singer (d. 1995) * 1933 Jerzy Kosinski, Polish-American writer (d. 1991) * 1933 Vladislav Rastorotsky, Soviet gymnastics coach * 1936 Renaldo Benson, American singer- songwriter (d. 2005) * 1936 George Hugh Niederauer, American bishop (d. 2017) * 1939 Steny Hoyer, American politician * 1940 Jack Bannon, American actor (d. 2017) * 1940 Francesco Guccini, Italian singer, musician and actor * 1942 Andy Irvine, English-Irish singer-songwriter and bouzouki player * 1943 Piet Keizer, Dutch footballer (d. 2017) * 1945 Rod Argent, English rock musician * 1945 Carlos Reichenbach, Brazilian director and producer (d. 2012) * 1946 Ahmad Zahir, Afghan singer (d. 1979) * 1946 Donald Trump, American businessman, politician and 45th President of the United States * 1946 Robert Louis-Dreyfus, French businessman (d. 2009) * 1947 Barry Melton, American guitarist * 1949 Jim Lea, British musician (Slade) * 1949 Papa Wemba, Congolese singer and musician (d. 2016) * 1949 Alan White, British musician * 1950 Rowan Williams, former Archbishop of Canterbury === 1951 1975 === * 1951 Paul Boateng, British politician * 1952 Pat Summitt, American basketball player and coach (d. 2016) * 1953 Hana Laszlo, Israeli actress and comedienne * 1954 Frank Hadden, Scottish rugby union coach * 1955 Kirron Kher, Indian actress * 1955 Paul O'Grady, British TV presenter and entertainer * 1955 Michael D. Duvall, American politician * 1956 King Diamond, Danish singer * 1956 Gianna Nannini, Italian singer-songwriter and musician * 1958 Olaf Scholz, German politician, former Mayor of Hamburg * 1958 Eric Heiden, American speed skater * 1958 Pamela Geller, American blogger, author, political activist and animator * 1961 Boy George, British singer * 1961 Dusan Kojic, Serbian singer-songwriter and musician * 1966 Traylor Howard, American actress * 1968 Yasmine Bleeth, American actress * 1969 Steffi Graf, German tennis player * 1969 Kyle Hebert, American actor * 1970 Heather McDonald, American actress, comedienne and author * 1971 Ramon Vega, Swiss footballer * 1971 Bruce Bowen, American basketball player * 1973 Sami Kapanen, Finnish ice hockey player === From 1976 === * 1976 Alan Carr, British comedian * 1976 Massimo Oddo, Italian footballer * 1977 Joe Worsley, English rugby player * 1978 Diablo Cody, American screenwriter * 1979 Paradorn Srichaphan, Thai tennis player * 1981 Lonneke Engel, Dutch model * 1981 Elano, Brazilian footballer * 1981 Alastair Kellock, Scottish rugby union player * 1982 Lang Lang, Chinese pianist * 1982 Luda Kroiter, Moldovan 5-time world salsa champion * 1984 Siobhan Donaghy, British singer * 1984 Yury Prilukov, Russian swimmer * 1985 Oleg Medvedev, Russian luger * 1986 Haley Hudson, American actress and singer * 1988 Dayo Okeniyi, Nigerian actor * 1988 Kevin McHale, American actor * 1989 Lucy Hale, American actress * 1989 Cory Higgins, American basketball player * 1989 Joao Rojas, Ecuadorean footballer * 1990 Patrice Cormier, Canadian ice hockey player * 1991 Erick Barrondo, Guatemalan race walker * 1991 Kostas Manolas, Greek footballer * 1991 André Carrillo, Peruvian footballer * 1991 Jesy Nelson, English singer (Little Mix) * 1992 Daryl Sabara, American actor * 1992 Evan Sabara, American actor * 1993 Svetlana Issakova, Estonian figure skater * 1993 Callum McGregor, Scottish footballer == Deaths == === Up to 1930 === * 1161 Emperor Qinzong of China (b. 1100) * 1205 Walter, Count of Brienne * 1349 Günther von Schwarzburg, King of Germany (b. 1304) * 1381 Simon Sudbury, Archbishop of Canterbury * 1497 Giovanni Borgia, 2nd Duke of Gandia, son of Pope Alexander VI (b. 1474) * 1516 John III of Navarre (b. 1469) * 1544 Antoine, Duke of Lorraine (b. 1489) * 1548 Carpentras, French composer (b. 1470) * 1594 Orlande di Lasso, Flemish composer (b. 1532) * 1642 Saskia van Uylenburgh, wife of Dutch painter Rembrandt van Rijn (b. 1612) * 1648 Margaret Jones, first person to be executed for witchcraft in Massachusetts * 1662 Henry Vane the Younger, English colonial governor and politician (b. 1613) * 1703 Jean Herauld Gourville, French adventurer (b. 1625) * 1746 Colin Maclaurin, Scottish mathematician (b. 1698) * 1800 Louis Charles Antoine Desaix, French general (b. 1768) * 1801 Benedict Arnold, American soldier (b. 1841) * 1825 Pierre Charles L'Enfant, French-American architect and designer (b. 1754) * 1837 Giacomo Leopardi, Italian writer (b. 1798) * 1883 Charles J. Jenkins, Governor of Georgia (b. 1805) * 1886 Alexander Ostrovsky, Russian dramatist (b. 1823) * 1908 Frederick Stanley, 16th Earl of Derby, British Governor-General of Canada (b. 1841) * 1914 Adlai E. Stevenson, American politician (b. 1835) * 1920 Max Weber, German sociologist and political economist (b. 1864) * 1923 Isabelle Bogelot, French philanthropist (b. 1838) * 1926 Mary Cassatt, American painter (b. 1843) * 1927 Ottavio Bottecchia, Italian cyclist (b. 1894) * 1927 Jerome K. Jerome, British writer (b. 1859) * 1928 Emmeline Pankhurst, British women's rights campaigner (b. 1858) === 1931 2010 === * 1932 Peter Adler Alberti, Danish politician and swindler (b. 1851) * 1936 G. K. Chesterton, British writer (b. 1874) * 1936 Hans Poelzig, German architect, painter and designer (b. 1869) * 1946 John Logie Baird, Scottish inventor and television pioneer (b. 1888) * 1953 Klement Gottwald, Czech politician (b. 1896) * 1968 Salvatore Quasimodo, Italian writer (b. 1901) * 1976 Knud, Hereditary Prince of Denmark (b. 1900) * 1979 Ahmad Zahir, Afghan singer (b. 1946) * 1986 Jorge Luis Borges, Argentine writer and poet (b. 1899) * 1986 Alan Jay Lerner, American composer (b. 1918) * 1991 Peggy Ashcroft, British actress (b. 1907) * 1994 Henry Mancini, American composer (b. 1924) * 1994 Marcel Mouloudji, French singer and actor (b. 1922) * 1996 Noemi Gerstein, Argentine artist (b. 1908) * 1997 Richard Jaeckel, American actor (b. 1926) * 2000 Attilio Bertolucci, Italian poet and writer (b. 1911) * 2004 Ulrich Inderbinen, Swiss mountain guide (b. 1900) * 2005 Carlo Maria Giulini, Italian conductor (b. 1914) * 2007 Ruth Graham, American poet, wife of Billy Graham (b. 1920) * 2007 Kurt Waldheim, Austrian UN Secretary-General (b. 1918) * 2007 Robin Olds, American fighter pilot (b. 1922) * 2009 Ivan Della Mea, Italian singer-songwriter (b. 1940) * 2010 Leonid Kizim, Soviet cosmonaut (b. 1941) === From 2011 === * 2011 Peter Schamoni, German movie director and producer (b. 1934) * 2012 Carlos Reichenbach, Brazilian director and producer (b. 1945) * 2013 Gene Mako, Hungarian-American tennis player (b. 1916) * 2014 Sam Kelly, English actor (b. 1943) * 2014 Isabelle Collin Dufresne, French-American actress (b. 1935) * 2014 Robert Lebeck, German photojournalist (b. 1929) * 2014 Francis Matthews, English actor (b. 1927) * 2014 Benjamin Winter, German equestrian (b. 1988) * 2015 Hugo Blanco, Venezuelan musician (b. 1940) * 2015 Zito, Brazilian footballer (b. 1932) * 2015 Qiao Shi, Chinese politician (b. 1924) * 2015 Anne Nicol Gaylor, American activist (b. 1926) * 2016 Henry McCullough, Northern Irish guitarist (b. 1943) * 2016 Irma Roy, Argentine actress and politician (b. 1932) * 2016 Ronnie Claire Edwards, American actress (b. 1933) * 2016 Anatoli Grishin, Russian sprint canoeist (b. 1939) * 2016 Ann Morgan Guilbert, American actress (b. 1928) * 2016 Gertrude Kerbis, American architect (b. 1926) * 2016 Gilles Lamontagne, Canadian politician (b. 1919) * 2017 James T. Hodgkinson, American home inspector, businessman and gunman (b. 1951) * 2017 Ernestina Herrera de Noble, Argentine newspaper editor (b. 1925) * 2017 Arthur J. Jackson, American military officer (b. 1924) * 2018 Vincent R. Gray, English-New Zealand chemist (b. 1922) * 2018 Mongi Kooli, Tunisian politician (b. 1930) * 2018 Stanislav Govorukhin, Russian film director, actor and screenwriter (b. 1936) * 2018 Sonia Scurfield, Canadian businesswoman and sports team owner (b. 1928) * 2018 Fazlullah, Pakistani terrorist (b. 1974) * 2019 Bernard M. Judge, American newspaper editor (b. 1940) * 2019 Ricardo Migliorisi, Paraguayan painter and designer (b. 1948) * 2019 Roger Béteille, French aeronautical engineer and businessman (b. 1921) * 2019 George E. Felton, British computer scientist (b. 1921) * 2019 Ebert Van Buren, Honduran- American football player (b. 1924) * 2019 James Wyngaarden, American physician (b. 1924) * 2020 Luce Douady, French climber (b. 2003) * 2020 Elsa Joubert, South African writer (b. 1922) * 2020 Noel Kelly, Australian rugby league player and coach (b. 1936) * 2020 Mohammad-Ali Keshavarz, Iranian actor (b. 1930) * 2020 Aarón Padilla Gutiérrez, Mexican footballer (b. 1942) * 2020 Sushant Singh Rajput, Indian actor (b. 1986) * 2020 Haroldo Rodas, Guatemalan politician (b. 1946) * 2020 Claude Samuel, French music critic and radio businessman (b. 1931) * 2020 Keith Tippett, British jazz pianist and composer (b. 1947) * 2020 Raj Mohan Vohra, Indian army lieutenant general (b. 1932) == Observances == * Flag Day (United States) * Freedom Day (Malawi) * Liberation Day (Falkland Islands and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands) * Women's Day (Iraq) * World Blood Donor Day (after birthday of Karl Landsteiner) * Mourning and Commemoration Day (Estonia) * Mourning and Hope Day (Lithuania) * Day of Memory for Repressed People (Armenia) Category:Days of the year