Title: 1991 Content: 1991 (MCMXCI) was . == Events == * January 5 - Georgian troops attack Tskhinvali, the capital of South Ossetia. This begins the 1991–92 South Ossetia War * February 11 - The Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization (UNPO) forms in The Hague, Netherlands. * March 23 - The Sierra Leone Civil War begins. * April 29 - A tropical cyclone hits Bangladesh, killing an estimated 138,000 people. * May 15 - Édith Cresson becomes France's first female premier. * June 12 - Boris Yeltsin is elected President of Russia. * June 25 - Slovenia and Croatia declare independence from Yugoslavia. * September 8 - The Republic of Macedonia becomes independent. * September 26 - Brum - children's show. * October 4 - Carl Bildt becomes the new Prime Minister of Sweden, replacing Ingvar Carlsson. * December 19 - Paul Keating replaces Bob Hawke as the prime minister of Australia. * Communism in U.S.S.R. ends; the Cold War ends. * Persian Gulf War – America goes to war with Iraq after Iraq invades Kuwait. ==Births== ===January–March=== * January 2 – Steele Sidebottom, Australian Rules footballer * January 4 – Pascal Bodmer, German ski jumper * January 8 – Hinoi Asuka, Japanese singer * January 12 – Pixie Lott, British singer * January 15 – Rubab Raza, Pakistani swimmer * January 16 – Julie Dubela, American singer * January 19 – Erin Sanders, American actress * January 21 – Brittany Tiplady, Canadian actress * January 28 – Calum Worthy, Canadian actor and musician * February 10 – Emma Roberts, American actress * February 10 – Ceng De Ping, Taiwanese singer * February 16 – Princess Alexandra of Luxembourg * February 17 – Bonnie Wright, English actress * February 18 – Malese Jow, American actress * February 18 – Henry Surtees, British racing driver (d. 2009) * February 25 – Gerran Howell, Welsh actor * February 28 – Sarah Bolger, Irish actress * March 4 – Diandra Newlin, American actress, singer, and model * March 8 – Devon Werkheiser, American actor * March 11 – Qian Lin, Chinese singer * March 15 – Kie Kitano, Japanese actress * March 23 – George William Carnegie, British noble * March 24 – Nate Vanderveen, American musician * March 26 – Brittney Wilson, Canadian actress * March 26 – Jack Watts, Australian rules footballer * March 28 – Amy Bruckner, American actress ===April–June=== * April 4 – Jamie Lynn Spears, American actress * April 10 – Amanda Michalka, American singer and actress * April 10 – Sergiusz Żymełka, Polish actor * April 11 – Thiago Alcántara, Italian footballer * April 15 – Daiki Arioka, Japanese singer (Hey! Say! JUMP) * April 18 – Joey Gaydos, American actor and guitarist * April 20 – Thomas Curtis, American actor * April 27 – Rebecca Ryan, British actress * April 28 – Aleisha Allen, American actress * May 17 – Daniel Curtis Lee, American actor * May 19 – Jordan Pruitt, American singer * May 21 – Sarah Ramos, American actress * May 23 – Lena Meyer-Landrut, German singer * May 24 – Erika Umeda, Japanese singer * May 26 – Julianna Rose Mauriello, American stage actress * May 29 – Kristen Alderson, American actress * June 4 – Jordan Hinson, American actress * June 4 – Megan Prescott and Kathryn Prescott, British actresses * June 18 – Willa Holland, American model and actress * June 19 – Pontus Ekhem, Swedish hockey player * June 27 – Madylin Sweeten, American actress * June 30 – Kaho, Japanese actress ===July–September=== * July 5 – Jason Dolley, American actor * July 6 – Victoire Thivisol, French actress * July 7 – Devon Alan, American actor * July 9 – Mitchel Musso, American actor * July 10 – Atsuko Maeda, Japanese singer * July 12 – Erik Per Sullivan, American actor * July 14 – Lewis McGibbon, British actor * July 20 – William Tomlin, British actor * July 28 – Rina Aizawa, Japanese actress * July 29 – Miki Ishikawa, American actress and singer * July 30 – Diana Vickers, Scottish singer * August 6 – Jiao Liuyang, Chinese swimmer * August 16 – Evanna Lynch, Irish actress * August 16 – Sarah-Jeanne Labrosse, Canadian actress * August 17 – Qory Sandioriva, Putri Indonesia 2009 * August 21 – Tess Gaerthé, Dutch singer and actress * August 28 – Kyle Massey, American actor * September 4 – Carter Jenkins, American actor * September 5 – Skandar Keynes, British actor * September 6 – Ashli Adams, American actress * September 9 – Kelsey Chow, American actress * September 12 – Kristin Klabunde, American actress * September 17 – Ryo Ishikawa, Japanese golfer * September 20 – Spencer Locke, American actress * September 21 – Zoe Weizenbaum, American actress * September 23 – Melanie Oudin, American tennis player * September 25 – Emmy Clarke, American actress ===October–December=== * October 2 – Emma Maree Urquhart, Scottish novelist and artist * October 4 – Nicolai Kielstrup, Danish singer * October 14 – Shona McGarty, English actress * October 10 – Gabriella Cilmi, Australian singer- songwriter * October 19 – Christopher Gerse, American actor * October 23 – Sophie Tamiko Oda, Japanese American actress * October 31 – Jordan-Claire Green, American actress * November 6 – Camila Finn, Brazilian model * November 11 – Christa B. Allen, American actress * November 15 – Shailene Woodley, American actress * November 22 – Saki Shimizu, Japanese singer * December 3 – Masahiro Usui, Japanese actor * December 9 – Prince Joachim, Archduke of Austria-Este, Belgian prince * December 12 – Daniel Magder, Canadian actor * December 13 – Jay Greenberg, American music composer * December 19 – Declan Galbraith, British singer ==Deaths== ===January=== * January 2 – Renato Rascel, Italian actor (b. 1927) * January 3 – Luke Appling, American baseball player (b. 1907) * January 5 – Vasko Popa, Yugoslavian poet (b. 1922) * January 8 – Steve Clark, English guitarist (b. 1960) * January 11 – Carl David Anderson, American physicist (b. 1905) * January 12 – Keye Luke, Chinese-born actor (b. 1904) * January 12 – Vasco Pratolini, Italian writer (b. 1913) * January 14 – Salah Khalaf, Palestinian officer (b. 1933) * January 17 – King Olav V of Norway (b. 1903) * January 22 – Kenas Aroi, Nauruan politician (b. 1942) * January 28 – Red Grange, American football player (b. 1903) * January 29 – Yasushi Inoue, Japanese historian (b. 1907) * January 29 – John McIntire, American actor (b. 1907) * January 30 – John Bardeen, American physicist (b. 1908) * January 30 – Clifton C. Edom, American photojournalism educator (b. 1907) ===February=== * February 1 – Carol Dempster, American actress (b. 1901) * February 2 – Pete Axthelm, American sportswriter (b. 1943) * February 3 – Nancy Kulp, American actress (b. 1921) * February 5 – Dean Jagger, American actor (b. 1903) * February 5 – Pedro Arrupe, 28th Superior General of the Society of Jesus (b. 1907) * February 6 – María Zambrano, Spanish essayist (b. 1904) * February 6 – Salvador Luria, Italian-born biologist (b. 1912) * February 6 – Danny Thomas, American singer (b. 1914) * February 7 – Amos Yarkoni, legendary Israeli soldier (b. 1920) * February 13 – Arno Breker, German sculptor (b. 1900) * February 14 – John A. McCone, American politician, 6th Director of Central Intelligence (b. 1902) * February 16 – Enrique Bermúdez, Nicaraguan Contras leader (b. 1932) * February 21 – John Sherman Cooper, American politician (b. 1901) * February 21 – Margot Fonteyn, English ballet dancer (b. 1919) * February 24 – John Charles Daly, South African-born journalist and game show host (b. 1914) * February 24 – Héctor Rial, Argentinian footballer (b. 1928) * February 24 – George Gobel, American comedian (b. 1919) * February 24 – Jean Rogers, American actress (b. 1916) ===March=== * March 1 – Edwin H. Land, American scientist (b. 1909) * March 2 – Serge Gainsbourg, French singer (b. 1928) * March 3 – Arthur Murray, American dancer (b. 1895) * March 3 – William Penney, Baron Penney, British nuclear physicist (b. 1909) * March 7 – Cool Papa Bell, American baseball player (b. 1903) * March 12 – Ragnar Granit, Finnish neuroscientist (b. 1900) * March 13 – Jimmy McPartland, American jazz musician (b. 1907) * March 14 – Howard Ashman, American lyricist (b. 1950) * March 14 – Doc Pomus, American composer (b. 1925) * March 15 – George Sherman, American movie director (b. 1908) * March 18 – Vilma Bánky, Hungarian-born actress (b. 1898) * March 21 – Leo Fender, Greek-American instrument maker (b. 1909) * March 25 – Marcel Lefebvre, French Roman Catholic archbishop (b. 1905) * March 27 – Aldo Ray, American actor (b. 1926) * March 29 – Lee Atwater, American presidential advisor (b. 1951) ===April=== * April 1 – Paulo Muwanga, President of Uganda (b. 1924) * April 1 – Martha Graham, American dancer (b. 1894) * April 1 – Jaime Guzmán, Chilean right-wing politician (b. 1946) * April 3 – Charles Goren, American bridge player (b. 1901) * April 3 – Graham Greene, English writer (b. 1904) * April 4 – Max Frisch, Swiss writer (b. 1911) * April 4 – H. John Heinz III, American politician (b. 1938) * April 4 – Louis Guglielmi, French composer (b. 1916) * April 4 – Forrest Towns, American runner (b. 1914) * April 4 – Edmund Adamkiewicz, German footballer (b. 1920) * April 5 – Sonny Carter, American astronaut (b. 1947) * April 5 – John Tower, American politician (b. 1929) * April 7 – Ruth Page, American dancer (b. 1899) * April 8 – Per Yngve Ohlin, Swedish singer (b. 1969) * April 10 – Kevin Peter Hall, American actor (b. 1955) * April 10 – Natalie Schafer, American actress (b. 1900) * April 16 – David Lean, British movie director (b. 1908) * April 17 – Jack Yellen, American lyricist (b. 1892) * April 18 – Barry Rogers, American jazz musician (b. 1935) * April 19 – Stanley Hawes, British-born Australian movie producer (b. 1905) * April 20 – Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal, Prime Minister of Mongolia (b. 1916) * April 20 – Steve Marriott, English musician (b. 1947) * April 20 – Don Siegel, American movie director (b. 1912) * April 26 – Carmine Coppola, American composer (b. 1910) * April 27 – Robert Velter, French cartoonist (b. 1909) * April 28 – Ken Curtis, American actor (b. 1916) * April 28 – Johnny Eck, American sideshow performer (b. 1911) * April 29 – Gonzaguinha, Brazilian singer (b. 1945) * April 29 – Claude Gallimard, Son of Gaston Gallimard (b. 1914) ===May=== * May 1 – Cesare Merzagora, Italian politician (b. 1898) * May 1 – Richard Thorpe, American movie director (b. 1896) * May 3 – Jerzy Kosinski, Polish-American writer (b. 1933) * May 3 – Mohammed Abdel Wahab, Egyptian singer (b. 1907) * May 6 – Wilfrid Hyde-White, British actor (b. 1903) * May 7 – Dennis Crosby, American singer (b. 1934) * May 8 – Jean Langlais, French composer (b. 1907) * May 8 – Rudolf Serkin, Austrian pianist (b. 1903) * May 14 – Jiang Qing, Chinese radical revolutionary (b. 1914) * May 15 – Shintaro Abe, Japanese Politician (b. 1924) * May 15 – Andreas Floer, German mathematician (b. 1956) * May 18 – Edwina Booth, American actress (b. 1904) * May 21 – Lino Brocka, Filipino movie director (b. 1939) * May 21 – Rajiv Gandhi, Prime Minister of India (b. 1944) * May 22 – Derrick Henry Lehmer, American mathematician (b. 1905) * May 23 – Jean Van Houtte, Prime Minister of Belgium (b. 1907) * May 23 – Wilhelm Kempff, German pianist (b. 1895) * May 27 – Leopold Nowak, Austrian musicologist (b. 1904) * May 29 – Coral Browne, Australian actress (b. 1913) * May 30 – Manolo Gómez Bur, Spanish actor (b. 1917) ===June=== * June 1 – David Ruffin, American singer (b. 1941) * June 2 – Hailu Yimenu, Acting Prime Minister of Ethiopia * June 3 – Maurice Krafft, French volcanologist (b. 1946) * June 3 – Katia Krafft French volcanologist (b. 1942) * June 3 – Eva Le Gallienne, English-born actress (b. 1899) * June 5 – Larry Kert, American actor (b. 1930) * June 5 – Sylvia Porter, American economist and journalist (b. 1913) * June 6 – Stan Getz, American jazz saxophonist (b. 1927) * June 9 – Claudio Arrau, Chilean-born pianist (b. 1903) * June 11 – Cromwell Everson, South African composer (b. 1925) * June 14 – Peggy Ashcroft, British actress (b. 1907) * June 15 – Arthur Lewis, British economist (b. 1915) * June 17 – Pierre Jamet, French harpist (b. 1893) * June 18 – Joan Caulfield, American actress (b. 1922) * June 19 – Jean Arthur, American actress (b. 1900) * June 27 – Molly Geertsema, Dutch liberal politician (b. 1918) * June 28 – Hans Nüsslein, German tennis player (b. 1910) * June 29 – Henri Lefebvre, French sociologist (b. 1901) ===July=== * July 1 – Michael Landon, American actor (b. 1936) * July 2 – Lee Remick, American actress (b. 1935) * July 4 – Victor Chang, Australian physician (b. 1936) * July 5 – Mildred Dunnock, American actress (b. 1901) * July 5 – Howard Nemerov, American poet (b. 1920) * July 6 – Anton Yugov, Bulgarian Politician (b. 1904) * July 8 – James Franciscus, American actor (b. 1934) * July 15 – Bert Convy, American game show host (b. 1933) * July 16 – Robert Motherwell, American painter (b. 1915) * July 18 – André Cools, Belgian Socialist politician (b. 1927) * July 24 – Isaac Bashevis Singer, Polish-born Yiddish writer (b. 1904) * July 25 – Lazar Kaganovich, Soviet politician (b. 1893) * July 29 – Christian de Castries, French general (b. 1902) ===August=== * August 1 – Chris Short, American baseball pitcher (b. 1937) * August 3 – Ali Sabri, Prime Minister of Egypt (b. 1920) * August 4 – Yevgeny Dragunov, Russian weapons designer (b. 1920) * August 5 – Paul Brown, American football coach (b. 1908) * August 5 – Soichiro Honda, Japanese engineer (b. 1917) * August 6 – Harry Reasoner, American journalist (b. 1923) * August 6 – Shapour Bakhtiar, Prime Minister of Iran (b. 1915) * August 8 – James Irwin, American astronaut (b. 1930) * August 11 – J. D. McDuffie, American race car driver (b. 1938) * August 13 – James Roosevelt, American businessman and politician (b. 1907) * August 14 – Richard A. Snelling, Governor of Vermont (b. 1927) * August 16 – Luigi Zampa, Italian movie-maker (b. 1905) * August 22 – Colleen Dewhurst, American actress (b. 1924) * August 22 – Boris Pugo, Latvian communist politician (b. 1937) * August 24 – Sergey Akhromeyev, Russian marshall (b. 1923) * August 25 – Niven Busch, American novelist (b. 1903) * August 30 – Jean Tinguely, Swiss painter (b. 1925) * August 30 – Cyril Knowles, English footballer (b. 1944) ===September=== * September 2 – Alfonso García Robles, Mexican diplomat (b. 1911) * September 3 – Dottie West, American singer (b. 1932) * September 3 – Frank Capra, Italian- born movie director (b. 1897) * September 4 – Charles Barnet, American jazz saxophonist (b. 1913) * September 4 – Tom Tryon, American actor (b. 1926) * September 6 - Pee Wee Gaskins, American serial killer (b. 1933) * September 7 – Edwin McMillan, American chemist (b. 1907) * September 8 – Brad Davis, American actor (b. 1949) * September 8 – Alex North, American movie composer (b. 1910) * September 10 – Jack Crawford, Australian tennis champion (b. 1908) * September 13 – Joe Pasternak, Hungarian-born movie director (b. 1901) * September 14 – Russell Lynes, American art historian (b. 1910) * September 15 – John Hoyt, American actor (b. 1905) * September 17 – Zino Francescatti, French violinist (b. 1902) * September 24 – Dr. Seuss, American writer (b. 1904) * September 25 – Klaus Barbie, German Gestapo leader (b. 1913) * September 25 – Viviane Romance, French actress (b. 1912) * September 28 – Miles Davis, American jazz trumpeter (b. 1926) ===October=== * October 6 – Igor Talkov, Russian singer (b. 1956) * October 11 – Redd Foxx, American comedian (b. 1922) * October 12 – Aline MacMahon, American actress (b. 1899) * October 12 – Regis Toomey, American actor (b. 1898) * October 17 – Tennessee Ernie Ford, American singer (b. 1919) * October 24 – Gene Roddenberry, American television producer (b. 1921) * October 28 – Sylvia Fine, American lyricist (b. 1913) * October 31 – Joseph Papp, American theater producer (b. 1921) ===November=== * November 2 – Irwin Allen, American television producer (b. 1941) * November 5 – Fred MacMurray, American actor (b. 1908) * November 5 – Robert Maxwell, Slovakian-born media entrepreneur (b. 1923) * November 6 – Gene Tierney, American actress (b. 1920) * November 7 – Tom of Finland, Finnish artist (b. 1920) * November 9 – Yves Montand, French actor (b. 1921) * November 14 – Tony Richardson, English theater director (b. 1928) * November 18 – Gustáv Husák, First Secretary of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (b. 1913) * November 21 – Daniel Mann, American movie director (b. 1912) * November 23 – Klaus Kinski, German actor (b. 1926) * November 24 – Eric Carr, American drummer (b. 1950) * November 24 – Anton Furst, American art director (b. 1944) * November 24 – Freddie Mercury, Zanzibar-born singer (b. 1946) * November 29 – Ralph Bellamy, American actor (b. 1904) ===December=== * December 1 – George Stigler, American economist (b. 1911) * December 6 – Richard Stone, British economist (b. 1913) * December 9 – Berenice Abbott, American photographer (b. 1898) * December 10 – Franco Maria Malfatti, 3rd President of the European Commission (b. 1927) * December 10 – Greta Kempton, American artist (b. 1901) * December 11 – Robert Q. Lewis, American radio (b. 1920) * December 12 – Eleanor Boardman, American actress (b. 1898) * December 15 – Vasily Zaytsev, Russian World War II hero (b. 1915) * December 15 – Aad Mansveld, Dutch footballer (b. 1944) * December 18 – George Abecassis, English race car driver (b. 1913) * December 28 – Cassandra Harris, Australian actress (b. 1941) == Nobel Prizes == * Nobel Prize in Physics won by Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, French physicist * Nobel Prize in Chemistry won by Richard R. Ernst, Swiss physical chemist * Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine shared by Erwin Neher and Bert Sakmann * Nobel Prize in Literature won by Nadine Gordimer, South African writer * Nobel Peace Prize won by Aung San Suu Kyi, Burmese diplomat * Nobel Prize in Economics won by Ronald Coase, British economist ==Movies released == * The Addams Family * Beauty and the Beast, an animated movie by Walt Disney Pictures * Beethoven * Bill and Ted's Bogus Journey * Bugsy, the story of mobster Bugsy Siegel * Boyz n the Hood * Cape Fear * City Slickers, winning Best Supporting Actor for Jack Palance * Double Impact * The Doors * Father of the Bride * Fried Green Tomatoes * The Fisher King, nominated for 9 Academy Awards * Hook * JFK, directed by Oliver Stone * New Jack City * Out for Justice * Oscar * Point Break * Thelma & Louise * The Last Boy Scout * The Naked Gun 2 1/2: The Smell of Fear * Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves, winning a BAFTA Award for Alan Rickman * The Silence of the Lambs, based on the book by Thomas Harris * Sleeping with the Enemy * Terminator 2: Judgment Day, the highest-grossing movie of 1991 * What About Bob?, another highest-grossing movie of 1991 ==Hit songs== * "Black" - Pearl Jam * "American Music" – The Violent Femmes * "Baby Baby" – Amy Grant * "Black Or White" – Michael Jackson * "Bring The Noise" – Public Enemy and Anthrax * "Can't Stop This Thing We Started" – Bryan Adams * "Close My Eyes" – Marillion * "Do You Remember" – Phil Collins * "Don't Cry" – Guns N' Roses * "Enter Sandman" – Metallica * "Every Heartbeat" – Amy Grant * "Everything I Do (I Do It For You)" – Bryan Adams * "Get The Funk Out" – Extreme * "Gonna Make You Sweat (Everybody Dance Now)" – C&C; Music Factory * "Good For Me" – Amy Grant * "Good Times" – INXS and Jimmy Barnes * "Higher + Higher" – Jimmy Barnes * "I Can't Make You Love Me" – Bonnie Raitt * "I Will Remember You" – Amy Grant * "Live And Let Die" – Guns N' Roses * "Live For Loving You" – Gloria Estefan * "Losing My Religion" – R.E.M. * "More Than Words" – Extreme * "Mysterious Ways" – U2 * "One" – U2 * "Poundcake" – Van Halen * "Right Here, Right Now" – Jesus Jones * "Rock The Casbah" – The Clash * "Rush Rush" – Paula Abdul * "Shameless" – Garth Brooks * "Shiny Happy People" – R.E.M. * "Sing Your Life" – Morrissey * "Smells Like Teen Spirit" – Nirvana * "Something To Talk About" – Bonnie Raitt * "That's What Love Is For" – Amy Grant * "Radio Song" – R.E.M. * "There'll Never Be Another Tonight" – Bryan Adams * "Top Of The World" – Van Halen * "Train In Vain(Stand By Me)" – The Clash * "Twist And Shout" – Deacon Blue * "Unbelievable" – EMF * "When Something's Wrong With My Baby" – John Farnham + Jimmy Barnes * "Who Said I Would" – Phil Collins * "When A Man Loves A Woman" – Michael Bolton * "Wicked Game" – Chris Isaak * "Violent Blue" – Chagall Guevara * "You Could Be Mine" – Guns N' Roses ==New books== * American Psycho – Bret Easton Ellis * As the Crow Flies – Jeffrey Archer * Damage – Josephine Hart * Dead Certainties – Simon Schama * Den of Thieves – James B. Stewart * Dirty Weekend – Helen Zahavi * The Doomsday Conspiracy – Sidney Sheldon * Druids – Morgan Llywelyn * The Firm – John Grisham * For Love of the Game – Michael Shaara (posthumous) * Generation X: Tales for an Accelerated Culture – Douglas Coupland * Gojiro – Mark Jacobson * He, She and It – Marge Piercy * Heartbeat – Danielle Steel * Imajica – Clive Barker * Jernigan – David Gates * The Kitchen God's Wife – Amy Tan * A Life of Picasso – John Richardson * Loves Music, Loves to Dance – Mary Higgins Clark * The Man from Barbarossa – John Gardner * Mao II – Don DeLillo * Mexico – James A. Michener * Possession: A Romance – A. S. Byatt * Reaper Man – Terry Pratchett * Say It With Poison – Ann Granger * Scarlett – Alexandra Ripley * The Secret Pilgrim – John le Carré * SEX – Madonna * Star Wars: Heir to the Empire – Timothy Zahn * Such a Long Journey – Rohinton Mistry * The Sum of All Fears – Tom Clancy * A Thousand Acres – Jane Smiley * Through the Vast Halls of Memory – Haifa Zangana * Time's Arrow, or The Nature of the Offense – Martin Amis * The Van – Roddy Doyle * The Werewolf and the Wormlord – Hugh Cook * Wicca Craft – Gerina Dunwich * Witches Abroad – Terry Pratchett