Title: Mount Herzl Content: thumb|250px|right|a sign mark the Visitors Trail thumb|250px|right|a map with newsletters mark every corner in the visitors trai Mount Herzl (, ), also called Har HaZikaron (, which means "Mount of Remembrance"), is the national cemetery of Israel in Jerusalem. It is named for Theodor Herzl, the founder of modern political Zionism. Yad Vashem, the main Holocaust museum of Israel is on the Mount of Remembrance. It is an extension of Mount Herzl. Mount Herzl is 834 meters above sea level. The northern area is the National Military and Police cemetery and the southern area is the National Civil Cemetery of the State of Israel. == National Civil Cemetery of the State of Israel (Helkat Gdolei Ha'Uma) == The southern slope of Mount Herzl is dedicated to the leaders and important public persons of the state of Israel. In Hebrew this cemetery is called Helkat Gdolei Ha'Uma ("the section of the great people of the nation"). The cemetery region includes national memorials of the Israeli public and memorial gardens of leaders that visit the state of Israel. === Mount Herzl Plaza === thumb|450px|right|Mount Herzl Plaza with a view of Herzl's grave Mount Herzl Plaza is central ceremonial plaza in Mount Herzl in Jerusalem. The plaza is used for the opening ceremony of Israel Independence Day every year. On the northern side of the plaza is the grave of Theodor Herzl, the founder of modern political Zionism. The plaza is at the highest spot of Mount Herzl in the center of the national cemetery. On 18 April 2012, during the rehearsals for the Independence Day ceremony, an electrical lamppost fell down. It killed one soldier and wounded seven other soldiers. The soldier was buried in the military cemetery nearby. === Menorah sculpture === The Menorah sculpture is at the entrance to Mount Herzl. It is dedicated to the Third Temple. It was made in 2002 by sculptor Ben Zion Tzefoni. === Garden of the Nations === The Garden of the Nations is a public garden. It has been planted with olives trees by foreign leaders visiting Israel. Each tree is has a plaque with the name of the leader who planted it. === Herzl Museum === The Herzl Museum is a biographical museum. It tells the story of Theodor Herzl and his vision to create a Zionist country. The museum opened in 2005. === Mount Herzl Educational Center === Mount Herzl Educational Center - The Stella and Alexander Margolis Educational Center for study of Zionism is located beside the Herzl Museum. It opened in 2013. A small memorial garden to Norman Herzl was planted beside the study center. === Path to Yad Vashem === The memorial path was designed by the architect Uri Abramson and was built by Israeli youth organizations in 2003. It tells the story of the birth of the state of Israel, from the beginning of the Zionism until the declaration of the state. The path runs from the National Civil Cemetery to Yad Vashem. === Victims of Acts of Terror Memorial === The Victims of Acts of Terror Memorial is the main memorial for all victims of terrorism in Israel from 1851 until today. The Memorial was opened in 1997, and every year, a ceremony is held on the plaza of the memorial. == National Military and Police Cemetery == The main Israel Defense Forces cemetery is on the northern slope of Mt. Herzl. The cemetery includes memorials to members of the IDF who have fallen in the line of duty, and memorial gardens to the people who fought for the pre Zionist state. The Israel Police cemetery, for police officers who have fallen in the line of duty, is also located there. === Garden of Those Missing in Action === The Garden of Those Missing in Action is a Memorial Garden in the National Military and Police Cemetery dedicated to people who have gone missing in action so that their burial place is unknown. It is also dedicated to the memory of unknown soldiers. In the garden there is a wall of names of people hwo have gone missing starting in 1914 until the present day. Beside it, empty graves represent missing soldiers and officers who have fought in the Israeli Defense Forces. === National Memorial Hall === thumb|right|300px The National Memorial Hall For Israel's Fallen  at Mount Herzl in Jerusalem is an initiative of the Israeli Ministry of Defense to commemorate all military Israeli casualties of war and Jewish fighters from 1860 until today. The proposal to build the hall was announced by Defense Minister Ehud Barak in 2010. In 2012, the Israeli government approved the establishment of the National Memorial Hall at a cost of $40 million. Certification has been delayed because of a petition to the court by families of terror victims. They say that there is no mention in the hall of the names of those victims, although the Hall is planned to be built next to the main memorial to Israeli terror victims. The Memorial Hall opened on 30 April 2017. ==== Memorial of the Unknown Soldier ==== In the center of the hall is the eternal flame dedicated to the unknown soldiers of Israel. This means at least one unidentified set of remains is buried there so that the families of soldiers whose bodies were never brought back can go there, imagine it is their dead relative, and mourn. === Ancient burial cave === An ancient Jewish burial cave from the Second Temple period was found in the military cemetery in 1954. Architect Asher Hiram designed a new entrance for the cave, so it is included in the cemetery. === Gallery of Mount Herzl National Cemetery === Image:The Herzl Museum IMG 1153.JPG|Herzl museum Image:המרכז החינוכי - הר הרצל 3.jpg|Mount Herzl Educational Center Image:PikiWiki Israel 656 Hertzels Tomb קבר הרצל.JPG|Herzl's grave in the Mount Herzl Plaza Image:PikiWiki Israel 12112 menorah sculptuer at mount herzl.jpg|Menorah sculpture near main entrance Image:Rabins' Grave.JPG|Grave of Yitzhak Rabin in the Helkat Gdolei Ha'Uma Section Image:PikiWiki Israel 12118 monument to the victims on immigrants ship salvado.jpg|Mass grave of Jews who drowned in the sea during the Ha'apala period Image:Herzl's Family Graves IMG 1173.JPG|Graves of the Herzl family and of former chairmen of the World Zionist Organization Image:PikiWiki Israel 12579 entrance to the military cemetery on mount herzl.jpg|Entrance to the National Military and Police Cemetery Image:Mount Herzl Military Cemetery IMG 1274.JPG|Memorial Plaza of the National Military and Police Cemetery Image:Mount Herzl - Independence War Plot IMG 1279.JPG|Mass grave of soldiers in 1948 war section Image:Memorial for the Yeshuv Paratroopers IMG 1214.JPG|Graves of the seven Jewish Parachutists of the Mandate of Palestine Image:PikiWiki Israel 12300 avshalom feinberg grave on mount herzl.jpg|Grave of Olei Hagardom Image:Ancient burial cave at Mount Herzl military cemetery-1.JPG|Second Temple period burial cave discovered in the 1948 war section Image:Jadvasjem12022013 004.jpg|the Connecting Path to Yad Vashem == Mount of Remembrance == The Mount of Remembrance is the western summit of Mount Herzl. It is 806 meters above sea level. It is called Mount of Remembrance in memory of the victims of the Holocaust. Yad Vashem museum is on the top of the mountain. === Yad Vashem === Yad Vashem is the national Holocaust museum of Israel. The museum includes the International School for Holocaust Studies, the International Institute for Holocaust Research, the Valley of the Destroyed Communities, the Hall of Names, and the Righteous Among the Nations memorial path. == Official ceremonies == * Memorial Day ceremony for Israel's Fallen Soldiers * Memorial Day ceremony for victims of terrorism, held at the memorial of terror in Israel * Seventh of Adar ceremony for fallen soldiers whose resting place is unknown, held in Garden of the Missing Soldiers * Independence Day ceremony, held at Mount Herzl Plaza * Holocaust Remembrance Day ceremony at Yad Vashem == Sections == * Helkat Gdolei Ha'Uma Section * Herzl family and the heads of the World Zionist Organization Section * Jewish Immigrants drowned in the sea at Ha'apala period Section * Ze'ev Jabotinsky and his family Section * Israel Police Section * Jewish Parachutists of Mandate of Palestine Section * Olei Hagardom Section * 1948 Arab–Israeli War Section * 1956 Suez Crisis Section * 1967 Six-Day War and 1969-1970 War of Attrition Section * 1973 Yom Kippur War Section * 1982 Lebanon War Section * 2006 Lebanon War Section == Burials == === Presidents === * Zalman Shazar, 3rd President * Chaim Herzog, 6th President === Prime Ministers === * Golda Meir, 4th Prime Minister * Yitzhak Rabin 5th Prime Minister * Yitzhak Shamir, 7th Prime Minister === Ministers === * Eliezer Kaplan, Ministry of Finance === Knesset speakers === * Yosef Sprinzak, 1st Knesset speaker * Yisrael Yeshayahu, 5th Knesset speaker * Menachem Savidor, 8th Knesset speaker === Mayors === * Teddy Kollek, Mayor of Jerusalem === Chief of General Staff === * Yigael Yadin, 4th Chief of General Staff * David Elazar, 9th Chief of General Staff === Police Commissioners === * Pinhas Kopel, 3rd Police Commissioner * Shaul Rosolio, 5th Police Commissioner * Haim Tavori, 6th Police Commissioner == Monuments and Memorials in Mount Herzl National Cemetery == Image:Victims of Acts of Terror Memorial IMG 1245.JPG|Victims of Acts of Terror Memorial in Israel Image:Garden of the Missing in Action IMG 1299.JPG|Garden of the Missing in Action Image:היכל הזיכרון הלאומי - כניסה 1.jpg|Planned National Memorial Hall Image:EthiopianJewryMemorial-12A.jpg|Beta Israel Memorial Image:Last Descendant monument on Mount Herzl, Israel.jpg|Memorial for the Last of Kin Image:PikiWiki Israel 4263 Monument in memory of Jewish fighters armies Polan.jpg|Jewish Soldiers in the Polish army in WW2 Memorial Image:PikiWiki Israel 12305 monument to jewish soldiers in the red army who fe.jpg|Jewish Soldiers in the Russian army in WW2 Memorial Image:Memorial for the Yeshuv volunteers in World War II IMG 1327.JPG|Yeshuv Volunteers in WW2 Memorial Image:PikiWiki Israel 12296 old city memorial in mount herzl.jpg|Defenders of the Old City of Jerusalem 1948 War Memorial Image:PikiWiki Israel 12292 dakar submarine memorial in mount herzl.jpg|INS Dakar Memorial Image:Memorial for the men of the Erinpura IMG 1319.JPG|SS Erinpura Memorial Image:Memorial for the Kaf Gimel (23) Boat Seamen IMG 1330.JPG|Operation Boatswain Memorial Image:PikiWiki Israel 12121 monument to the victims on immigrants ship quot;.jpg|Monument for the Egoz immigration ship Image:PikiWiki Israel 12120 monument to the victims on immigrants ship salvado.jpg|Monument for the Salvador immigration ship == Related pages == * Tomb of Nicanor