Title: 1938 Content: == Events == *January 3 – The March of Dimes is established by Franklin Delano Roosevelt. *January 11 – Frances Moulton is the first woman to become president of a US national bank. *January 20 – Wedding of King Farouk I of Egypt and Queen Farida Zulficar in Cairo *January 28 – The first ski tow in America begins operation in Vermont. *January 31 – Crown princess Beatrix is born in Netherlands *February 4 – Thornton Wilder's play Our Town opens (New York City). *February 10 – Carol II of Romania takes dictatorial powers *February 12 – World War II: German troops enter Austria *February 24 – A nylon bristle toothbrush becomes the first commercial product to be made with nylon yarn. *March 3 – Oil is discovered in Saudi Arabia. *March 12 – Anschluss: German troops occupy Austria; annexation declared the following day. *March 15 – Soviet Union announces officially that Nikholai Bukharin has been executed *March 18 – Mexico nationalizes all foreign-owned oil properties within its borders. *April 12 – Edouard Daladier becomes president of France *April 28 – The towns of Dana, Enfield, Greenwich, and Prescott in Massachusetts are disincorporated to make way for the Quabbin Reservoir. *May 5 – Vatican recognizes Franco's government in Spain *June 1 – Action Comics issues the first Superman comic. *June 11 – Fire destroys 212 buildings in Ludes, Latvia *June 23 – The Civil Aeronautics Act is signed into law, forming the Civil Aeronautics Authority in the United States. *June 23 – Marineland opens near St. Augustine, Florida. *June 25 – Dr Douglas Hyde is elected the first President of Ireland. *June 28 – A 450-tonne meteorite struck the earth in an empty field near Chicora, Pennsylvania *November 9-10: Kristallnacht happens in Nazi Germany. The Nazis deport about 30,000 Jews to concentration camps, and destroy over 1,500 synagogues. == Births == === January === * January 1 - Frank Langella, American actor * January 5 - Juan Carlos I of Spain * January 31 - Beatrix of the Netherlands === February === * February 21 - Lester Bird, former Prime Minister of Antigua and Barbuda (d. 2021) === March === === April === * April 26 – Duane Eddy, American guitarist === May === * May 22 - Richard Benjamin, American actor and director * May 31 - John Prescott, British politician === June === === July === * July 13 - David Mitton, English model-maker (d. 2008) * July 20 – Natalie Wood, American actress (d. 1981) * August 21 – Kenny Rogers, American singer (d. 2020) === August === * August 29 – Elliott Gould, American actor === September === === October === * October 23 – H. John Heinz III, American Senator (d. 1991) * October 29 - Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf, President of Liberia === November === * November 17 – Gordon Lightfoot, Canadian singer * November 19 - Hank Medress, American singer (The Tokens) (d. 2007) === December === * December 29 - Jon Voight, American actor == Deaths == * January 20 – Émile Cohl, French caricaturist and animator (b. 1857) * January 21 – Georges Méliès, French movie director (b. 1861) * January 28 – Bernd Rosemeyer, German racing driver (b. 1909) * February 2 – Frederick William Vanderbilt, American railway magnate (b. 1856) * February 7 – Harvey Firestone, American manufacturer (b. 1868) * February 18 – David King Udall, American politician (b. 1851) * February 19 – Edmund Landau, German mathematician (b. 1877) * March 1 – Gabriele D'Annunzio, Italian writer, war hero, and politician (b. 1863) * March 2 – Ben Harney, American composer and pianist (b. 1871) * March 13 – Nikolai Ivanovich Bukharin, Soviet politician (b. 1888) * March 13 – Clarence Darrow, American attorney (b. 1857) * March 21 - Oscar Apfel, American actor, director, screenwriter, producer (b. 1878) * April 8 – Joe "King" Oliver, American musician (b. 1885) * April 12 – Feodor Chaliapin, Russian bass (b. 1873) * April 16 – Steve Bloomer, English footballer (b. 1874) * April 21 – Muhammad Iqbal, Pakistani philosopher and poet (b. 1877) * April 26 – Edmund Husserl, Austrian philosopher (b. 1859) *May 4 – Carl von Ossietzky, German pacifist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1889) * May 9 – Thomas B. Thrige, Danish industrialist (b. 1866) * May 13 – Charles Edouard Guillaume, French physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1861) * May 26 – John Jacob Abel, American pharmacologist (b. 1857) * August 1 – Edmund Charles Tarbell, American artist (b. 1862) * 18 July - Marie of Romania Queen of Romania wife of King Ferdinand I of Romania * August 7 – Konstantin Stanislavski, Russian actor (b. 1863) *August 14 – Hugh Trumble, Australian Test Cricketer (b. 1876) * August 16 – Robert Johnson, American musician (b. 1911) * September 17 – Bruno Jasieński, Polish poet (b. 1901) * October 22 – May Irwin, Canadian actress and singer (b. 1862) * October 24 – Ernst Barlach, German sculptor and poet (b. 1870) * October 27 – Lascelles Abercrombie, English poet and critic (b. 1881) * October 31 - Robert Woolsey, American actor and Comedian in a Double Act with Bert Wheeler (b. 1888). * November 9 – Vasily Blyukher, Soviet military commander (b.1889) * November 10 – Kemal Atatürk, President of Turkey (b. 1881) * November 30 – Corneliu Zelea Codreanu, Romanian fascist, leader of the Iron Guard (executed along other Guard activists) (b. 1899) *December 11 – Christian Lous Lange, Norwegian pacifist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1869) * December 25 – Karel Čapek, Czech writer (b. 1890) * December 28 – Florence Lawrence, Canadian actress (b. 1886) == Movies released == *The Adventures of Robin Hood - Errol Flynn *Jezebel - Bette Davis (Best Actress Academy Award) ==Hit songs== * "Thanks For The Memory" – by Leo Robin and Ralph Rainger, from the movie Big Broadcast 1935, won the Academy Award for the best song. ==Nobel Prize== * Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine won by Belgian doctor, Corneille Heymans