Title: April 10 Content: __TOC__ == Events == === Up to 1900 === * 428 - Nestorius becomes Patriarch of Constantinople. * 837 - Closest approach between Halley's Comet and Earth. * 879 - Louis III and Carloman II become joint Kings of the West Franks. * 1500 - Ludovico Sforza is captured by the Swiss troops at Novara. * 1606 - The Virginia Company of London is established by royal charter with the purpose of establishing colonial settlements in North America. * 1710 - The Statute of Anne, the first law against copyright, enters into force in Great Britain. * 1741 – Prussia defeats Austria in the Battle of Mollwitz. * 1809 - Napoleonic Wars: The War of the Fifth Coalition starts, when forces of the Austrian Empire invade Bavaria. * 1815 – Mount Tambora eruption covers several islands with ash in Indonesia. * 1816 – The U.S. government approved the creation of a Second Bank of the United States. * 1821 - Patriarch Gregory V of Constantinople is hanged by the Ottoman Empire. * 1849 – Walter Hunt receives a patent for the safety pin. * 1864 - Maximilian of Habsburg is proclaimed Emperor Maximilian I of Mexico, during the French intervention in Mexico. * 1865 – American Civil War: A day after his surrender to Union forces, Confederate General Robert E. Lee addresses his troops for the last time. * 1874 - The first Arbor Day is celebrated in Nebraska. * 1887 - Pope Leo XIII, on Easter Sunday, authorizes the creation of The Catholic University of America. * 1896 - Spyridon Louis wins the first marathon of the modern Olympic Games. === 1901 2000 === * 1906 – The Four Million, O. Henry's second short story collection, is published. * 1912 – The RMS Titanic leaves port in Southampton, England. * 1916 – The Professional Golfers Association of America (PGA) is created in New York City by 82 charter members. * 1919 – Mexican Revolution leader Emiliano Zapata is ambushed and shot dead by government forces in Morelos. * 1933 – New Deal: The Civilian Conservation Corps is created. * 1938 – Édouard Daladier becomes Prime Minister of France * 1939 – Dr. I.Q., the Mental Banker debuts. * 1940 - Katyn massacre: Mass execution of 40,000 Polish officers and intelligentsia is approved and signed by Joseph Stalin. * 1941 – World War II: The Axis Powers in Europe establish the Independent State of Croatia from occupied Yugoslavia with Ante Pavelić's Ustase fascist insurgents in power. * 1944 – Henry Ford II is named executive vice president of Ford Motor Company. * 1953 – The House of Wax opens at New York City's Paramount Theater (it was the first color feature in 3-D). * 1957 – The Suez Canal is reopened for all shipping after being closed for three months. * 1959 – Akihito, future Emperor of Japan, weds Michiko (née Michiko Shoda), a commoner. * 1963 – The submarine USS Thresher is lost at sea, with all hands (129 officers, crewmen and civilian technicians) * 1968 – Shipwreck of the Wahine outside Wellington harbour. * 1970 – Paul McCartney announces that The Beatles have broken up. * 1970 – Vietnam War: 48 percent of the Americans polled in a Gallup Poll approve of U.S. President Richard M. Nixon's Vietnam policy, while 41 percent disapprove. * 1971 – Cold War: In an attempt to thaw relations with the United States, the People's Republic of China host the U.S. table tennis team for a weeklong visit. * 1972 – 20 days after he was kidnapped in Buenos Aires, Oberdan Sallustro is executed by communist guerrillas. * 1972 – Vietnam War: For the first time since November 1967 American B-52 bombers reportedly begin bombing North Vietnam. * 1973 – A British Vanguard turboprop crashes during a snowstorm at Basel, Switzerland killing 104. * 1979 – On the day known to meteorologists as "terrible Tuesday", a tornado hits in Wichita Falls, Texas killing 42 people. (see Wichita Falls, Texas Tornado). * 1988 – The comic strip FoxTrot débuts. * 1991 - Italian ferry Moby Prince collides with an oil tanker in dense fog off Livorno, Tuscany, killing 140 people. * 1991 - A rare tropical storm develops in the South Atlantic Ocean near Angola. * 1992 – The Maraghar Massacre, killing of ethnic Armenian civil population of the village Maraghar by Azerbaijani troops during the Nagorno-Karabakh War. * 1998 – The Belfast Agreement is signed. === From 2001 === * 2006 – In a close election, Romano Prodi is elected Prime Minister of Italy, succeeding Silvio Berlusconi, who later regains this position, in 2008. * 2009 - President of Fiji Josefa Iloilo announces he will suspend the constitution and assume all of the governance of the country. * 2010 – A plane crash in Smolensk, western Russia, kills 96 people. Many of them were very important in Poland, including President Lech Kaczynski. They were on their way to a memorial service to commemorate 70 years since the Katyn massacre. * 2015 - A bus and truck collide in southern Morocco, killing 33 people, including schoolchildren. * 2016 - The Kollam temple fire in Kerala, Southern India, kills over 100 people. * 2019 - Scientists from the Event Horizon Telescope Project announce the first-ever image of a black hole, at the centre of the M87 Galaxy. * 2019 - Fossil fragments found in the Callao Cave on the Philippines' island of Luzon reveal the existence of the Homo luzonensis species of human. == Births == === Up to 1900 === * 401 - Theodosius II, Roman Emperor (d. 450) * 1389 – Cosimo de' Medici, ruler of Florence (d. 1464) * 1512 – James V of Scotland (exact date uncertain) (d. 1542) * 1583 – Hugo Grotius, jurist (d. 1645) * 1651 - Ehrenfried Walther von Tschirnhaus, German mathematician, physicist and historian (d. 1708) * 1707 - Michel Corrette, French organist, composer, writer (d. 1795) * 1713 - John Whitehurst, English clockmaker and scientist (d. 1788) * 1735 - Button Gwinnett, signer of the United States Declaration of Independence (d. 1777) * 1755 – Samuel Hahnemann, German physician, originator of homeopathy (d. 1843) * 1762 - Giovanni Aldini, Italian physicist (d. 1834) * 1766 - John Leslie, Scottish physicist (d. 1832) * 1778 – William Hazlitt, English writer (d. 1830) * 1783 – Hortense de Beauharnais, queen of Holland as wife of Louis Bonaparte (d. 1837) * 1794 – Matthew Perry, American commodore (d. 1858) * 1796 - James Bowie, American pioneer and soldier (d. 1836) * 1801 - Paul Devaux, Belgian politician (d. 1880) * 1817 - Konstantin Aksakov, Russian writer (d. 1860) * 1827 - Lew Wallace, American lawyer, general and politician (d. 1905) * 1829 – William Booth, founder of the Salvation Army (d. 1912) * 1847 – Joseph Pulitzer, Hungarian-American journalist and publisher (d. 1911) * 1864 - Eugen d'Albert, Scottish-born German composer (d. 1932) * 1865 - Jack Miner, Canadian conservationist (d. 1944) * 1867 – George William Russell, Irish nationalist (d. 1935) * 1868 – George Arliss, British actor (d. 1946) * 1870 (O.S.) - Vladimir Lenin, Premier of the Soviet Union (d. 1924) * 1873 – Kyösti Kallio, President of Finland (d. 1940) * 1877 - Alfred Kubin, American expressionist illustrator and writer (d. 1959) * 1877 - Princess Maria Cristina of Bourbon-Two Sicilies (d. 1947) * 1879 - Bernhard Gregory, Baltic German chess player (d. 1939) * 1880 – Mohammed Nadir Shah, King of Afghanistan (d. 1933) * 1880 – Montague Summers, English writer (d. 1948) * 1882 – Frances Perkins, American politician (d. 1965) * 1887 – Bernardo Houssay, Argentinian doctor, won the 1947 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1971) * 1892 - Victor de Sabata, Italian conductor and composer (d. 1967) * 1894 – Shri Ghanshyam Das Birla, Indian industrialist, Gandhian, and educator (d. 1983) * 1897 - Prafulla Chandra Sen, Indian politician, Chief Minister of West Bengal (d. 1990) * 1899 – Vladimir Nabokov, Russian writer (d. 1977) === 1901 2000 === * 1901 - Alexander Ireland, Scottish boxer (d. 1966) * 1903 - Clare Turlay Newberry, American illustrator and author (d. 1970) * 1906 - Steve Anderson, American hurdler (d. 1988) * 1910 – Eddy Duchin, musician (d. 1951) * 1911 - Maurice Schumann, French journalist and politician (d. 1998) * 1912 - Boris Kidric, 1st Prime Minister of Slovenia (d. 1953) * 1913 – Stefan Heym, German writer (d. 2001) * 1915 – Harry Morgan, American actor (d. 2011) * 1915 - Leo Vroman, Dutch-American hematologist, poet and illustrator (d. 2014) * 1917 – Robert Burns Woodward, American chemist (d. 1979) * 1919 - John Houbolt, American aerospace engineer (d. 2014) * 1921 – Chuck Connors, American actor and baseball player (d. 1992) * 1921 - Jake Warren, Canadian soldier and diplomat (d. 2008) * 1921 – Sheb Wooley, American actor and singer (d. 2003) * 1924 – Kenneth Noland, American painter (d. 2010) * 1926 – Junior Samples, American country musician (d. 1983) * 1926 - Jacques Castérède, French composer and pianist (d. 2014) * 1927 – Marshall Warren Nirenberg, American biochemist, won the 1968 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 2010) * 1929 – Max von Sydow, Swedish actor * 1930 – Claude Bolling, French jazz composer and pianist * 1930 - Spede Pasanen, Finnish comedian (d. 2001) * 1930 - Ray Blanton, Governor of Tennessee (d. 1996) * 1931 – Luis Cabral, 1st President of Guinea-Bissau (d. 2009) * 1931 - René Follet, Belgian comic artist * 1932 – Omar Sharif, Egyptian actor (d. 2015) * 1932 - Mae Faggs, American athlete (d. 2000) * 1934 – David Halberstam, American writer (d. 2007) * 1934 – Vladimir Posner, Soviet journalist * 1935 – Nicola Cabibbo, Italian physicist (d. 2010) * 1936 – John Madden, American football coach and broadcaster * 1937 – Bella Akhmadulina, Russian poet (d. 2010) * 1938 – Don Meredith, American football player and broadcaster (d. 2010) * 1938 - Frans van der Lugt, Dutch priest (d. 2014) * 1939 - Penny Vincenzi, English writer (d. 2018) * 1939 - Rocky Valance, Welsh singer * 1940 - Gloria Hunniford, Northern Irish television and radio presenter * 1941 – Paul Theroux, American writer * 1943 – Andrzej Badeński, Polish athlete * 1946 – David Angell, American television producer (d. 2001) * 1946 - Bob Watson, American baseball player and executive * 1947 – Bunny Wailer, Jamaican musician * 1950 – Ken Griffey, Sr., American Major League Baseball player * 1950 – Eddie Hazel, American guitarist (P-Funk and The Temptations) (d. 1992) === 1951 1975 === * 1952 - Narayan Rane, Indian politician, 16th Chief Minister of Maharashtra * 1952 – Steven Seagal, American actor * 1954 – Peter MacNicol, American actor * 1954 - Paul Bearer, American professional wrestler and manager (d. 2013) * 1955 – Lesley Garrett, British soprano * 1957 - James D. Hudnall, American comic book writer (d. 2019) * 1958 – Yefim Bronfman, Russian pianist * 1958 – Kenneth "Babyface" Edmonds, music producer, musician, and movie producer * 1959 - Stanislaw Tillich, German politician, former Prime Minister of Saxony * 1960 – Brian Setzer, musician * 1960 – Katrina Leskanich, American singer (Katrina and the Waves) * 1960 – Afrika Bambaataa, American musician and activist * 1961 - Nicky Campbell, Scottish television and radio presenter * 1962 – Steve Tasker, American football player * 1963 – Doris Leuthard, Swiss politician * 1963 – Mark Oliver Everett, American musician * 1965 – Tim Alexander, American musician * 1966 - Steve Claridge, English footballer, manager and sportscaster * 1968 – Orlando Jones, American actor, comedian * 1970 – Kenny Lattimore, American singer * 1970 - Q-Tip, American rapper and producer * 1972 - Ed Byrne, Irish comedian * 1973 – Roberto Carlos, Brazilian footballer * 1973 - Aidan Moffat, British musician * 1974 - Eric Greitens, American politician, 56th Governor of Missouri === From 1976 === * 1979 – Rachel Corrie, American activist, member of the International Solidarity Movement (d. 2003) * 1979 – Tsuyoshi Domoto, Japanese artist * 1979 – Sophie Ellis-Bextor, English singer * 1979 – Shemekia Copeland, American singer * 1980 – Charlie Hunnam, actor * 1981 – Liz McClarnon, English singer (Atomic Kitten) * 1981 - Gretchen Bleiler, American snowboarder * 1981 - Alexei Semenov, Russian ice hockey player * 1982 - Chyler Leigh, American actress, singer and model * 1983 – Ryan Merriman, American actor * 1983 - Hannes Sigurdsson, Icelandic footballer * 1984 - Gonzalo Javier Rodriguez, Argentine footballer * 1984 – Mandy Moore, American singer and actress * 1985 - Willo Flood, Irish footballer * 1986 – Vincent Kompany, Belgian footballer * 1986 - Tore Reginiussen, Norwegian footballer * 1987 – Hayley Westenra, New Zealand singer * 1987 - Shay Mitchell, Canadian actress * 1988 – Haley Joel Osment, American actor * 1989 - Jenny Alm, Swedish handball player * 1989 - Thomas Heurtel, French basketball player * 1990 – Alex Pettyfer, English actor * 1991 – Amanda Michalka, American actress and singer * 1991 - Royce White, American basketball player * 1992 - Sadio Mané, Senegalese footballer * 1992 - Daisy Ridley, English actress * 1994 - Nerlens Noel, American basketball player * 1996 - Emily Rose Everhard, American actress * 1996 - Loïc Nottet, Belgian singer * 2007 – Princess Ariane of the Netherlands == Deaths == === Up to 1950 === * 879 – Louis the Stammerer, king of the West Franks (b. 846) * 948 - Hugh of Italy * 1216 - Eric X of Sweden (b. 1180) * 1533 – Frederick I of Denmark (b. 1471) * 1585 – Pope Gregory XIII (b. 1502) * 1599 – Gabrielle d'Estrée, mistress of King Henry IV of France (b. 1571) * 1646 - Santino Solari, Swiss architect and sculptor (b. 1576) * 1756 - Giacomo Antonio Perti, Italian composer (b. 1661) * 1786 - John Byron, English admiral and politician (b. 1723) * 1813 – Joseph-Louis Lagrange, mathematician (b. 1736) * 1821 - Patriarch Gregory V of Constantinople (b. 1746) * 1823 - Karl Leonhard Reinhold, Austrian philosopher (b. 1757) * 1862 – W.H.L. Wallace, Union brigadier general (b. 1821) * 1871 - Lucio Norberto Mansilla, Argentine general and politician (b. 1789) * 1882 – Dante Gabriel Rossetti, British poet, painter (b. 1828) * 1904 - Isabella II of Spain (b. 1830) * 1909 – Algernon Charles Swinburne, English poet (b. 1909) * 1919 – Emiliano Zapata, Mexican revolutionary (b. 1879) * 1920 - Moritz Cantor, German mathematician (b. 1829) * 1931 – Khalil Gibran, Lebanese poet and painter (b. 1883) * 1938 - Joe "King" Oliver, American jazz cornet player and bandleader (b. 1885) * 1939 – Alfredo Panzini, Italian writer (b. 1863) * 1945 – Charles Nordhoff, writer (b. 1887) === 1951 2000 === * 1954 – Auguste Lumière, French movie pioneer (b. 1862) * 1955 - Pierre Teilhard de Chardin, French priest and philosopher (b. 1881) * 1958 - Chuck Willis, American singer-songwriter (b. 1928) * 1960 - André Berthomieu, French director and screenwriter (b. 1903) * 1962 – Michael Curtiz, director (b. 1886) * 1962 – Stuart Sutcliffe, British musician (The Beatles) (b. 1940) * 1965 – Linda Darnell, actress (b. 1923) * 1966 – Evelyn Waugh, English writer (b. 1903) * 1968 – Gustavs Celmins, Latvian politician (b. 1899) * 1969 – Harley J. Earl, American automobile designer * 1975 – Josephine Baker, American dancer (b. 1906) * 1975 – Marjorie Main, actress (b. 1890) * 1979 – Nino Rota, Italian composer (b. 1911) * 1980 – Kay Medford, American actress (b. 1914) * 1986 – Linda Creed, American songwriter (b. 1948) * 1991 – Kevin Peter Hall, American actor (b. 1955) * 1991 – Natalie Schafer, American actress (b. 1900) * 1992 – Sam Kinison, American comedian (b. 1953) * 1992 - Peter D. Mitchell, British biochemist (b. 1920) * 1993 – Chris Hani, South African activist (b. 1942) * 1994 – Sam B. Hall, American politician (b. 1924) * 1995 – Morarji Desai, Indian activist and politician, Prime Minister of India (b. 1896) * 1995 – Guenther Guillaume, German spy (b. 1927) * 1997 – Michael Dorris, American writer (b. 1945) * 1998 - Archbishop Seraphim of Athens (b. 1913) * 1999 – Heinz Fraenkel-Conrat, biochemist (b. 1910) * 2000 – Peter Jones, comedian and scriptwriter (b. 1920) * 2000 – Larry Linville, American actor (b. 1939) === 2001 2010 === * 2001 – Willie Stargell, American baseball player (b. 1940) * 2002 – Yuji Hyakutake, Japanese astronomer (b. 1950) * 2003 – Little Eva, American singer (b. 1943) * 2007 - Dakota Staton, American singer (b. 1930) * 2010 – Dixie Carter, American actress (b. 1939) * 2010 - Deaths in the 2010 Polish Tu-154 plane crash: **Ryszard Kaczorowski, Polish politician (b. 1919) **Lech Kaczynski, President of Poland (b. 1949) **Maria Kaczynska, First Lady of Poland (b. 1942) **Anna Walentynowicz, Polish activist (b. 1929) **Janusz Zakrzenski, Polish actor (b. 1936) **Jerzy Szmajdzinski, Polish politician (b. 1952) === From 2011 === * 2012 - Raymond Aubrac, French resistance activist (b. 1914) * 2013 - Robert Edwards, British Nobel Prize-winning physiologist and IVF pioneer (b. 1925) * 2014 - Dominique Baudis, French journalist and politician (b. 1947) * 2014 - Jim Flaherty, Canadian politician (b. 1949) * 2014 - Sue Townsend, English writer (b. 1946) * 2014 - Joe Dini, American politician (b. 1929) * 2014 - Justin Marie Bomboko, Congolese politician (b. 1928) * 2014 - Anatoly Sukhorukov, Russian physicist (b. 1935) * 2015 - Richie Benaud, Australian cricketer and commentator (b. 1930) * 2015 - Peter Walsh, Australian politician (b. 1935) * 2015 - Ray Graves, American football player and coach (b. 1918) * 2015 - Jin Youzhi, Chinese royal (b. 1918) * 2015 - Judith Malina, German-American actress (b. 1926) * 2015 - Jim Mutscheller, American football player (b. 1930) * 2016 - Howard Marks, British drug smuggler and author (b. 1945) * 2016 - Louis Gladstone, American politician (b. 1927) * 2017 - Arnold Clark, Scottish businessman (b. 1927) * 2017 - J. Geils, American guitarist (b. 1946) * 2017 - Linda Hopkins, American actress and singer (b. 1924) * 2017 - Larry Sharpe, American professional wrestler (b. 1951) * 2017 - Bab Christensen, Norwegian actress (b. 1928) * 2017 - Dennis F. Kinlaw, American academic (b. 1922) * 2017 - Kirill Kovaldzhi, Russian author, poet and critic (b. 1929) * 2018 - F'Murr, French comic artist (b. 1946) * 2018 - John Lambie, Scottish footballer (b. 1941) * 2018 - Li Yaowen, Chinese general and politician (b. 1918) * 2019 - Werner Bardenhewer, German priest and humanitarian (b. 1929) * 2019 - Earl Thomas Conley, American country singer-songwriter (b. 1941) * 2019 - Irwin L. Jacobs, American investor and businessman (b. 1941) * 2019 - Estrella Zeledón Lizano, First Lady of Costa Rica (b. 1929) Category:Days of the year