Title: September 16 Content: == Events == === Up to 1900 === * 307 Emperor Severus II is captured and imprisoned at Tres Tabernae. * 1400 Owain Glyndŵr is declared Prince of Wales. * 1620 The Mayflower sets sail from Plymouth, England, for America. * 1701 James Francis Edward Stuart, referred to as the 'Old Pretender', becomes the Jacobite claimant to the thrones of Scotland and England. * 1776 American Revolutionary War: The Battle of Harlem Heights is fought. * 1779 American Revolutionary War: The French-American Siege of Savannah begins. * 1795 The first British occupation of the Cape Colony, South Africa, begins. * 1810 Grito de Dolores: Miguel Hidalgo begins Mexico's fight for independence from Spain. * 1812 The Fire of Moscow begins. Three quarters of the city are destroyed. * 1859 David Livingstone reaches Lake Malawi. * 1893 Settlers make a land run for prime land in the Cherokee Strip in Oklahoma. === 1901 2000 === * 1902 Alagoas becomes a state of Brazil. * 1908 General Motors is founded. * 1918 On the British Monitor (a type of warship), a munitions explosion occurs while it is located in Dover Harbour, killing 77 people. * 1919 The American Legion is incorporated * 1920 Wall Street bombing: A bomb in a horse wagon explodes in front of the J. P. Morgan building in New York City, killing 38 people and injuring over 400. * 1925 HC Rotterdam, the biggest field hockey team in the Netherlands, is founded. * 1928 The Okeechobee hurricane in Florida kills 2500 people. * 1939 The Japanese-Soviet border conflict is settled. * 1941 The Shah of Iran is forced to resign by the United Kingdom and Soviet Union. * 1943 World War II: The Allied invasion of Italy concludes. * 1945 Japanese forces in Hong Kong surrender. * 1947 Typhoon Kathleen hits Saitama, Tokyo and the Tone River in Japan, killing at least 1,930 people. * 1947 The United Kingdom formally ends its state of war with Austria. * 1955 Juan Peron is removed from power in a coup in Argentina. * 1955 A Soviet Navy Zulu class submarine becomes the first submarine to launch a ballistic missile. * 1959 The first successful photocopier, the Xerox 914, is introduced in a demonstration in live television in New York City. * 1961 The remainder of Hurricane Debbie causes damage in the United Kingdom and Ireland. * 1963 Malaysia is formed by the Federation of Malaya, Singapore, British North Borneo (Sabah), and Sarawak. Singapore withdraws a short time later. * 1966 The Metropolitan Opera House opens in New York City. * 1970 King Hussein of Jordan declares military rule following the hijacking of four civilian airlineers by the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine. * 1971 Typhoon Nancy makes landfall in Osaka, Japan, killing 173 people. * 1975 Papua New Guinea becomes independent from Australia. * 1975 Cape Verde, Mozambique and São Tomé and Príncipe join the UN. * 1976 Sharvash Karapetyan saves 20 people from a trolleybus that had fallen into a Yerevan reservoir. * 1978 An earthquake with a magnitude of over 7.5 hits Tabas in Iran, killing at least 25,000 people. * 1980 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines join the UN. * 1982 Sabra and Shatila massacre in Lebanon. * 1983 Arnold Schwarzenegger becomes a US citizen. * 1987 The Monntreal Protocol for preservation of ozone layer against ozone depletion enters into force. * 1990 The railroad connecting China and Kazakhstan is completed. * 1991 The trial of the deposed Panamanian leader Manuel Noriega begins in the United States. * 1992 The pound sterling, the UK's currency, is forced out of the European Exchange Rate Mechanism. * 1995 Greece ends its embargo on the Republic of Macedonia. * 1998 Meryl Streep receives a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. === From 2001 === * 2005 Camorra organised crime boss Paolo Di Lauro is arrested in Naples, Italy. * 2007 An aircraft carrying 128 people crashes in Phuket, Thailand, killing 89 people. * 2009 Yukio Hatoyama becomes Prime Minister of Japan, after just under a year with Taro Aso in this position. * 2013 A gunman kills 12 people at the Navy Yard in Washington, DC. == Births == === Up to 1850 === * 16 Drusilla, daughter of Germanicus and Agrippina the Elder (d. 38) * 1098 Hildegard of Bingen, German writer, composer, and saint (d. 1179) * 1387 King Henry V of England (d. 1422) * 1494 Francesco Mauriloco, Italian polymath (d. 1575) * 1507 Jiajing Emperor, Emperor of China (d. 1567) * 1615 Heinrich Bach, German organist and composer (d. 1692) * 1666 Antoine Parent, French mathematician (d. 1716) * 1678 Henry St John, 1st Viscount Bolingbroke, English statesman and philosopher (d. 1751) * 1688 John Gay, English writer (d. 1732) * 1716 Angelo Maria Amorevoli, Italian Baroque tenor (d. 1798) * 1725 Nicolas Demarest, French geologist (d. 1815) * 1736 Carter Braxton, American founding father (d. 1797) * 1745 Mikhail Illarionovich Kutuzov, Russian field marshal (d. 1813) * 1777 Nathan Mayer Rothschild, English banker and financier (d. 1813) * 1782 Daoguang Emperor, Emperor of China (d. 1850) * 1812 Robert Fortune, Scottish gardener, scientist and explorer (d. 1880) * 1823 Mihailo Obrenovic III, Prince of Serbia (d. 1868) * 1825 Simeon Bavier, Swiss diplomat, engineer and politician (d. 1896) * 1830 Patrick Francis Moran, Irish-Australian cardinal (d. 1911) * 1837 King Peter V of Portugal (d. 1861) * 1842 Alessandro Fortis, Prime Minister of Italy (d. 1909) * 1844 Paul Taffanel, French flautist and conductor (d. 1908) === 1851 1900 === * 1851 Emilia Pardo Bazan, Galician-Spanish writer (d. 1912) * 1853 Albrecht Kossel, German doctor, won the 1910 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1917) * 1858 Andrew Bonar Law, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1923) * 1859 Yuan Shikai, Chinese military leader and politician (d. 1916) * 1866 Georg Voigt, German politician (d. 1927) * 1867 Vantila Bratianu, Romanian politician (d. 1930) * 1870 John Pius Boland, Irish jurist, politician and tennis player (d. 1958) * 1875 James C. Penney, founder of American department store J.C. Penney (d. 1971) * 1877 Jacob Schick, American-Canadian inventor and businessman (d. 1937) * 1878 Herwarth Walden, German writer, publisher and composer (d. 1941) * 1886 Demetre Chiparis, Romanian sculptor (d. 1947) * 1886 Jean Arp, German-French sculptor, painter and writer (d. 1966) * 1887 Nadia Boulanger, French composer and pianist (d. 1979) * 1888 Frans Eemil Sillanpaa, Finnish writer (d. 1964) * 1888 W. O. Bentley, British racing driver and entrepreneur (d. 1971) * 1891 Stephanie von Hohenlohe, Austrian-born German spy (d. 1972) * 1891 Karl Dönitz, German naval leader (d. 1980) * 1893 Alexander Korda, Hungarian movie director (d. 1956) * 1893 Albert Szent- Györgyi de Nagyrápolt, Hungarian scientist, won the 1937 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1986) * 1898 H. A. Rey, American author and illustrator (d. 1977) * 1899 Hans Swarowsky, Austrian conductor (d. 1975) === 1901 1950 === * 1901 Ugo Frigerio, Italian athlete (d. 1968) * 1903 Joe Venuti, Italian-American jazz violinist (d. 1978) * 1903 Gwen Bristow, American writer and journalist (d. 1980) * 1905 Vladimir Holan, Czech poet (d. 1980) * 1909 Marshall Carter, American general, Director of the NSA (d. 1993) * 1912 Gyorgy Sarosi, Hungarian footballer (d. 1993) * 1913 Felicien Marceau, French journalist and writer (d. 2012) * 1916 Robert Llewellyn Bradshaw, 1st Prime Minister of Saint Kitts and Nevis (d. 1978) * 1917 Alexander Schmorell, German Resistance activist (d. 1943) * 1919 Lawrence Dobkin, American actor (d. 2002) * 1920 J. J. C. Smart, British-Australian philosopher (d. 2012) * 1920 Staryl C. Austin, American air force general (d. 2015) * 1921 Jon Hendricks, American jazz songwriter and singer * 1922 Guy Hamilton, English movie director (d. 2016) * 1922 Janis Paige, American actress * 1923 Lee Kuan Yew, Prime Minister of Singapore and statesman (d. 2015) * 1924 Lauren Bacall, American actress (d. 2014) * 1924 Hank Peters, American baseball executive (d. 2015) * 1925 Charlie Byrd, American jazz guitarist (d. 1999) * 1925 Charles Haughey, Prime Minister of Ireland (d. 2006) * 1925 B. B. King, American blues musician (d. 2015) * 1926 Robert H. Schuller, American televangelist (d. 2015) * 1927 Peter Falk, American actor (d. 2011) * 1927 Sadako Ogata, Japanese academic, diplomat ad writer * 1928 Rex Trailer, American television presenter, actor and singer (d. 2013) * 1929 Stan Stephens, American politician, 20th Governor of Montana * 1930 Anne Francis, American actress (d. 2011) * 1930 Jerry Parr, American secret service agent (d. 2015) * 1934 Ronnie Drew, Irish singer (The Dubliners) (d. 2008) * 1935 Jules Bass, American Stop- motion animator * 1935 Billy Boy Arnold, American blues musician and songwriter * 1937 Pavel Bobek, Czech singer (d. 2013) * 1942 Bernie Calvert, British musician * 1943 Oskar Lafontaine, German politician * 1943 James Alan McPherson, American writer (d. 2016) * 1944 B. J. Ward, American actress and singer * 1945 Alexander Rutskoy, Russian politician * 1946 Mike Reynolds, Australian politician * 1946 Camilo Sesto, Spanish singer-songwriter * 1947 Russ Abbot, British comedian * 1948 Rosemary Casals, American tennis player * 1948 Julia Donaldson, English writer * 1948 Kenney Jones, English musician * 1949 Ed Begley, Jr., American actor * 1949 Chrisye, Indonesian singer- songwriter and guitarist (d. 2007) * 1950 Loyd Grossman, American television presenter and food critic * 1950 Loyola de Palacio, Spanish politician (d. 2006) === 1951 1975 === * 1951 Andy Irvine, Scottish rugby player * 1952 Fatos Nano, Albanian politician * 1952 Mickey Rourke, American actor * 1953 Kurt Fuller, American actor * 1953 Jerry Pate, American golfer * 1953 Manuel Pellegrini, Chilean footballer and coach * 1953 Mark Malloch Brown, British politician * 1954 Sanjoy Bandopadhyay, Indian sitarist and composer * 1954 Colin Newman, British singer-songwriter, guitarist and producer * 1955 Janet Ellis, British television presenter * 1956 David Copperfield, American magician * 1957 Norman Lamb, English politician * 1957 Pierre Moscovici, French politician * 1958 Jennifer Tilly, American actress * 1958 Neville Southall, Welsh footballer * 1958 Orel Hershiser, American baseball player and coach * 1960 Ean Evans, American musician (Lynyrd Skynyrd) (d. 2009) * 1960 Danny John-Jules, English actor * 1961 Bilinda Butcher, English singer- songwriter and guitarist * 1964 Molly Shannon, American actress * 1965 Karl- Heinz Riedle, German footballer * 1966 John Bel Edwards, American attorney and politician * 1968 Rafael Alkorta, Spanish footballer * 1968 Marc Anthony, American musician * 1971 Amy Poehler, American actress, comedienne and writer * 1972 Liz Bonnin, Irish television presenter * 1972 Sprent Dabwido, Nauruan politician, former President of Nauru * 1973 Alexander Vinokourov, Kazakhstani cyclist * 1974 Mario Haas, Austrian footballer * 1974 Loona, Dutch singer * 1975 Adel Chedli, Tunisian footballer === From 1976 === * 1976 Tina Barrett, British singer (S Club) * 1976 Greg Buckner, American basketball player * 1978 Ebrahim Mirzapour, Iranian footballer * 1978 Carolina Dieckmann, Brazilian actress * 1979 Keisuke Tsuboi, Japanese footballer * 1979 Flo Rida, American rapper * 1979 Fanny, French singer * 1980 Patrik Stefan, Czech ice hockey player * 1981 Alexis Bledel, American actress * 1983 Kirsty Coventry, Zimbabwean swimmer * 1983 Brandon Moss, American baseball player * 1984 Katie Melua, Georgian-British singer * 1984 Sabrina Bryan, American actress and singer * 1986 Ian Harding, British actor * 1987 Kyle Lafferty, Northern Irish footballer * 1987 Burry Stander, South African cyclist (d. 2013) * 1987 Daren Kagasoff, American actor * 1988 Teddy Geiger, American singer-songwriter, guitarist and actor * 1988 Sarah Steele, American actress * 1989 José Salomon Rondon, Venezuelan footballer * 1992 Nick Jonas, American singer and guitarist (The Jonas Brothers) * 1992 Jake Roche, English actor and singer * 2005 Princess Jalilah bint Ali of Jordan == Deaths == === Up to 1900 === * 96 Domitian, Roman Emperor (b. 51) * 307 Flavius Valerius Severus, Roman Emperor * 655 Pope Martin I * 1087 Severus II, Roman Emperor * 1100 Bernold of Constance, German chronicler and writer (b. 1054) * 1345 John IV, Duke of Brittany (b. 1295) * 1380 King Charles V of France (b. 1338) * 1394 Avignon Pope Clement VII (b. 1342) * 1498 Tomas de Torquemada, Spanish grand inquisitor (b. 1420) * 1589 Michael Baius, Flemish theologian (b. 1513) * 1701 James II of England and VII of Scotland (b. 1633) * 1736 Gabriel Fahrenheit, physicist (b. 1686) * 1782 Farinelli, Italian singer (b. 1705) * 1792 Quang Trung, Emperor of Vietnam (b. 1753) * 1803 Nicolas Baudin, French explorer, cartographer and naturalist (b. 1754) * 1819 John Jeffries, American physician, balloonist and meteorologist (b. 1744) * 1824 King Louis XVIII of France (b. 1755) * 1843 Ezekiel Hart, Canadian businessman and politician (b. 1770) * 1845 Thomas Davis, Irish nationalist and writer (b. 1814) * 1887 Sakoigawa Namiemon, Japanese sumo wrestler (b. 1841) * 1911 Edward Whymper, English mountain climber (b. 1840) * 1925 Alexander Friedmann, Russian mathematician and cosmologist (b. 1888) * 1925 Leo Fall, Austrian composer (b. 1873) * 1932 Ronald Ross, British doctor, won the 1902 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1857) * 1931 Omar Mukhtar, resistance leader in Italian Libya * 1936 Jean-Baptiste Charcot, French scientist (b. 1867) * 1940 Charles Cochrane-Baillie, 2nd Baron Lamington, British politician, 8th Governor of Queensland, Australia (b. 1860) * 1944 Gustav Bauer, Chancellor of Germany (b. 1870) * 1946 James Hopwood Jeans, English physicist, astronomer and mathematician (b. 1877) === From 1951 === * 1957 Qi Baishi, Chinese painter (b. 1864) * 1965 Ahn Eak-tai, Korean composer and conductor (b. 1906) * 1965 Fred Quimby, American animation producer (b. 1886) * 1977 Marc Bolan, English musician (b. 1947) * 1977 Maria Callas, Greek-American soprano (b. 1923) * 1980 Jean Piaget, Swiss psychologist (b. 1896) * 1984 Louis Reard, French engineer and fashion designer (b. 1897) * 1987 Christopher Soames, Baron Soames, British politician (b. 1920) * 1987 Howard Moss, American poet, playwright and critic (b. 1922) * 1991 Olga Spessivtseva, Russian ballerina (b. 1895) * 1992 Millicent Fenwick, American politician and writer (b. 1910) * 1993 Oodgeroo Noonuccal, Australian poet and activist (b. 1920) * 1996 Gene Nelson, American actor, director and screenwriter (b. 1920) * 2000 Georgiy Gongadze, Georgian-Ukrainian journalist (b. 1969) * 2002 James Gregory, American actor (b. 1911) * 2003 Sheb Wooley, American actor and singer (b. 1921) * 2004 Izora Armstead, American singer (The Weather Girls) (b. 1942) * 2005 Gordon Gould, American inventor (b. 1920) * 2006 Floyd Curry, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (b. 1925) * 2006 Fouad el-Mohandes, Egyptian actor (b. 1924) * 2007 Robert Jordan, American writer (b. 1948) * 2009 Mary Travers, American singer (b. 1936) * 2012 Princess Ragnhild of Norway, Norwegian royal, sister of Harald V of Norway (b. 1930) * 2012 John Ingle, American actor (b. 1928) * 2013 Kim Hamilton, American actress (b. 1932) * 2013 Patsy Swayze, American dancer and choreographer (b. 1927) * 2014 Buster Jones, American actor and television presenter (b. 1943) * 2014 Alf Ivar Samuelsen, Norwegian politician (b. 1942) * 2015 Guy Béart, French singer-songwriter (b. 1930) * 2015 Ton van de Ven, Dutch industrial designer (b. 1944) * 2015 David Ashby, British motorcycle racer (b. 1949) * 2016 Edward Albee, American playwright (b. 1928) * 2016 Carlo Azeglio Ciampi, 10th President of Italy (b. 1920) * 2016 Gabriele Amorth, Italian priest and exorcist (b. 1925) * 2016 Antonio Mascarenhas Monteiro, former President of Cape Verde (b. 1944) == Observances == * Independence Day in Mexico and Papua New Guinea * Malaysia Day * International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone layer * National Heroes' Day (Saint Kitts and Nevis) * Statehood Day (Alagoas, a state of Brazil) Category:Days of the year