Title: September 6 Content: == Events == === Up to 1900 === * 3761 BC The first day of the Hebrew Calendar. * 394 Battle of Frigidus: The Christian Roman Emperor Theodosius I defeats and kills the pagan usurper Eugenius and his Frankish general Arbogast. * 1492 Christopher Columbus leaves La Gomera in the Canary Islands, his last land-stop on the way of his voyage that takes him to the Caribbean. * 1522 The Victoria, one of the surviving ships of Ferdinand Magellan's expedition, returns to San Lucar de Barrameda in Spain, becoming the first ship to circumnavigate the world, with captain Juan Sebastian de Elcano. * 1620 The Pilgrims sail from Plymouth, England, on the Mayflower to settle in North America. * 1628 Puritans settle Salem which will later become part of Massachusetts Bay Colony. * 1634 Thirty Years' War: In the Battle of Nordlingen, the Catholic imperial army defeats the Protestant armies of Sweden and Germany. * 1689 Imperial China and Russia agree on their border, which runs along the Amur River. * 1776 A tropical storm strikes the Caribbean island of Guadeloupe, killing 6,000 people. * 1781 The Battle of Groton Heights takes place with the result of a British minor victory. * 1803 British scientist John Dalton begins using symbols to represent the atoms of different elements. * 1839 Polynesian atoll Ahe in the Tuamoto Archipelago, in the Pacific Ocean, is discovered and mapped by US naval officer Charles Wilkes. * 1847 Henry David Thoreau leaves Walden Pond and moves in with Ralph Waldo Emerson and his family in Concord, Massachusetts. * 1861 American Civil War: Forces under Union General Ulysses S. Grant bloodlessly capture Paducah, Kentucky, which gives the Union control the mouth of the Tennessee River. * 1863 American Civil War: Confederates evacuate Battery Wagner and Morris Islands in South Carolina. * 1870 Louisa Ann Swain of Laramie, Wyoming, votes in the morning, becoming the first woman in the United States to cast a vote legally after 1807. * 1870 The ship HMS Captain sinks in a storm off Cape Finisterre, Galicia, Spain, killing almost 500 people. * 1885 Eastern Rumelia declares its union with Bulgaria. * 1888 Charles Turner becomes the first bowler to take 250 wickets in an English season – a feat since accomplished only by Tom Richardson (twice), J. T. Hearne, Wilfred Rhodes (twice) and Tich Freeman (six times). * 1891 The first Paris-Brest-Paris cycling race is held, finishing on September 9. * 1898 Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands is allowed to reign in her own right, having turned 18 the previous week, after Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont acted as regent for her over the previous eight years. === 1901 2000 === * 1901 American anarchist Leon Czolgosz shoots and fatally wounds US President William McKinley at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. McKinley dies on September 14 from his injuries. * 1915 The first prototype tank is tested for the British Army for the first time. * 1929 Finnish steamship Kuru sinks, killing 150, many of them school children. * 1930 Democratically elected President of Argentina Hipólito Yrigoyen is deposed in a military coup. * 1937 Spanish Civil War: The start of the Battle of El Mazuco. * 1939 World War II: South Africa declares war on Germany. * 1940 King Carol II of Romania abdicates the throne. His son, Michael of Romania, succeeds him. * 1941 Holocaust: The requirement to wear the Star of David with the word Jew inscribed, is extended to all Jews over the age of 6 in German-occupied areas. * 1943 The Monterrey Institute of Technology in Mexico is founded. * 1943 The Pennsylvania railroad's premier train derails at Frankford Junction in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. * 1944 World War II: Ypres, Belgium, is liberated by Allied forces. * 1944 World War II: Soviet forces capture the city of Tartu, Estonia. * 1946 United States Secretary of State James F. Byrnes announces that the US will follow a policy of Economic Reconstruction in post-war Germany. * 1948 Juliana becomes Queen of the Netherlands. This comes after the abdication from the throne of Queen Wilhelmina. * 1949 Allied military authorities relinquish control of former Nazi Germany assets back to German control. * 1952 Canada's first TV station, CBFT-TV opens in Montreal. * 1952 A prototype aircraft crashes at the Farnborough Air Show in Hampshire, England, UK, killing 29 people. * 1965 War of 1965: India attacks Pakistan and announces that its forces will capture Lahore in an hour. * 1966 In Cape Town, the South African architect of Apartheid, Prime Minister Hendrik Verwoerd is stabbed to death during a parliamentary meeting. * 1968 Swaziland becomes independent. * 1970 Jimi Hendrix performs what turns out to be his last concert, on the German Baltic Sea island of Fehmarn, on the last day of the Love and Peace Festival. * 1970 Four passenger jets are simultaneously hijacked. Two are taken to Dawson's Field. * 1972 Munich Massacre: Israeli athletes and coaches are killed when police assault Black September members in a failed hostage rescue in Munich, West Germany. * 1975 An earthquake in Lice, Turkey kills 2,400 people. * 1976 Cold War: Soviet air force pilot Lt. Viktor Belenko lands a MiG-25 jet fighter at Hakodate on the island of Hokkaido in Japan and requests political asylum from the United States. * 1983 The Soviet Union admits shooting down Korean Air Flight KAL-007, stating that the pilots did not know it was a civilian aircraft when it violated Soviet airspace. * 1985 Midwest Express Airlines Flight 105, a Douglas DC-9 crashes just after takeoff from Milwaukee, Wisconsin, killing 31. * 1986 In Istanbul, two Arab terrorists from Abu Nidal's terror organization kill 22 and wound six inside the Neve Shalom synagogue during Shabbat services. * 1991 The Soviet Union recognizes the independence of the Baltic states: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. * 1991 The name Saint Petersburg is restored to Russia's second largest city, which had been renamed Leningrad in 1924. * 1995 With the jury absent, Los Angeles police detective Mark Fuhrman invokes his Fifth Amendment right against self- incrimination in the murder trial of O. J. Simpson. * 1995 Cal Ripken Jr. breaks Lou Gehrig's record of playing 2131 consecutive baseball games. * 1997 The funeral of Diana, Princess of Wales at Westminster Abbey draws large crowds. * 1997 Uranus' moons of Caliban and Sycorax are discovered. * 2000 In New York City, the United Nations Millennium Summit begins with more than 180 world leaders present. === From 2001 === * 2001 United States v. Microsoft: The United States Justice Department announces that it was no longer seeking to break up software maker Microsoft and will instead seek a lesser antitrust penalty. * 2003 EU foreign ministers categorise Hamas as a terrorist organisation. * 2006 The Germany national football team scores its biggest- ever away win, defeating the San Marino national football team 13-0. * 2008 The 2008 Summer Paralympics in Beijing begin, running until September 17. * 2009 The ferry SuperFerry 9 sinks off the Zamboanga Peninsula in the Philippines with 971 people on board. All but 10 are rescued. * 2012 61 people die and 48 are injured after a fishing boat capsizes off Izmir Province, Western Turkey, near Greece's Aegean Islands. * 2017 Hurricane Irma sweeps across the Lesser Antilles in the Eastern Caribbean; Almost every building on the island of Barbuda is destroyed. * 2018 Homosexuality is legalised in India, following a decision by the Supreme Court of India. * 2018 Brazilian Presidential candidate Jair Bolsonaro is stabbed while campaigning; he survives the attack and is later elected President. * 2022 Liz Truss is appointed the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom by Queen Elizabeth II. == Births == === Up to 1850 === * 1475 Sebastiano Serlio, Italian architect (d. 1554) * 1620 Isabella Leonarda, composer (d. 1704) * 1656 Guillaume Dubois, French cardinal and statesman (d. 1723) * 1666 Tsar Ivan V of Russia (d. 1696) * 1711 Henry Muhlenberg, German-born founder of the US Lutheran Church (d. 1787) * 1729 Moses Mendelssohn, German philosopher (d. 1786) * 1732 Johan Wicke, Swedish physicist (d. 1796) * 1757 Gilbert de Motier, Marquis de Lafayette, French soldier and politician (d. 1834) * 1761 Marie-Gabrielle Capet, French painter (d. 1818) * 1766 John Dalton, British chemist and physicist (d. 1844) * 1781 Anton Diabelli, Austrian music publisher and composer (d. 1858) * 1795 Frances Wright, writer, activist, and lecturer (d. 1852) * 1800 Catharine Beecher, American educator (d. 1878) * 1802 Alcide d'Orbigny, French naturalist (d. 1857) * 1808 Abdelkader El Djezairi, Algerian political figure (d. 1883) * 1809 Bruno Bauer, German philosopher (d. 1882) * 1815 St. John Richardson Liddell, American Confederate general (d. 1870) * 1817 Mihai Kogalniceanu, Romanian politician (d. 1891) * 1819 William Rosecrans, American general and diplomat (d. 1898) * 1825 Giovanni Fattori, Italian painter (d. 1908) * 1829 Marie Zakrzewska, physician (d. 1902) * 1838 Samuel Arnold, American conspirator (d. 1906) === 1851 1900 === * 1852 Schalk Willem Burger, South African politician, military leader and State President (d. 1918) * 1855 Ferdinand Hummel, German harpist, pianist, conductor and composer (d. 1928) * 1857 Zelia Nuttall, archeologist and historian (d. 1933) * 1859 Boris Yakovlovic Bukreev, Russian mathematician (d. 1962) * 1860 Jane Addams, American social activist and Nobel Peace Prize winner (d. 1935) * 1861 William Lane, English-Australian journalist (d. 1917) * 1868 Margaret Dreier Robins, American labor leader and reformer (d. 1947) * 1869 Felix Salten, Austrian writer (d. 1945) * 1869 Walford Davies, English organist and composer (d. 1941) * 1876 John James Rickard Macleod, Scottish physiologist, won the 1923 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1935) * 1877 Buddy Bolden, American jazz musician (d. 1930) * 1879 Joseph Wirth, Chancellor of Germany (d. 1956) * 1879 Johan Nygaardsvold, Prime Minister of Norway (d. 1952) * 1879 Max Schreck, German actor (d. 1936) * 1883 Norman Birkett, 1st Baron Birkett, British jurist and politician (d. 1962) * 1885 Otto Kruger, American actor (d. 1974) * 1888 Joseph P. Kennedy, Sr., American politician, businessman, diplomat and family patriarch (d. 1969) * 1890 Claire Chennault, soldier (d. 1958) * 1892 Sir Edward Appleton, English physicist, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics (d. 1965) * 1893 John W. Bricker, 54th Governor of Ohio (d. 1986) * 1899 Billy Rose, composer (d. 1966) * 1900 W.A.C. Bennett, Canadian politician (d. 1979) * 1900 Julien Green, French-American writer (d. 1998) === 1901 1950 === * 1902 Sylvanus Olympio, 1st President of Togo (d. 1963) * 1904 Slapsie Maxie Rosenbloom, boxer (d. 1976) * 1905 Otto Liiv, Estonian historian and archivist (d. 1942) * 1905 Walther Müller, German physicist (d. 1979) * 1906 Luis Federico Leloir, Argentine biochemist (d. 1987) * 1908 Korczak Ziolkowski, American sculptor (d. 1982) * 1911 Harry Danning, American Major League Baseball player (d. 2004) * 1912 Michele Andreolo, Uruguayan-Italian footballer (d. 1981) * 1913 Leonidas da Silva, Brazilian footballer (d. 2004) * 1915 Franz Josef Strauss, German politician and Minister-President of Bavaria (d. 1988) * 1917 Philipp von Boeselager, German military officer and Resistance activist (d. 2008) * 1919 Wilson Greatbatch, American inventor (d. 2011) * 1921 Carmen Laforet, Spanish writer (d. 2004) * 1921 David Petel, Iraqi-Israeli politician (d. 2019) * 1921 Norman Joseph Woodland, American inventor (d. 2012) * 1923 King Peter II of Yugoslavia (d. 1970) * 1924 John Melcher, American politician (d. 2018) * 1925 Andrea Camilleri, Italian author, screenwriter and director (d. 2019) * 1925 Jimmy Reed, American blues singer (d. 1976) * 1926 Claus van Amsberg, Prince Consort of the Netherlands (d. 2002) * 1927 Fouad el-Mohandes, Egyptian actor and comedian (d. 2006) * 1928 Robert M. Pirsig, American writer (d. 2017) * 1928 Evgeny Svetlanov, Russian conductor and composer (d. 2002) * 1928 Fumihiko Maki, Japanese architect * 1928 Sid Watkins, British neurosurgeon (d. 2012) * 1929 Yash Johar, Indian movie producer (d. 2005) * 1929 Lyubov Rebane, Estonian physicist and mathematician (d. 1991) * 1930 Charles Foley, American co- inventor of the game Twister (d. 2013) * 1930 Salvatore de Giorgi, Italian archbishop * 1934 Paul Naschy, Spanish actor, screenwriter and movie director (d. 2009) * 1935 Isabelle Collin Dufresne, French-American artist and author (d. 2014) * 1936 Anne Cuneo, Swiss writer and director (d. 2015) * 1937 Janusz Kurczab, Polish mountaineer and fencer (d. 2015) * 1937 Jo Anne Worley, actress * 1937 Sergio Aragonés, Spanish illustrator * 1937 Brigid Berlin, American actor and artist * 1938 Dennis Oppenheim, American artist (d. 2011) * 1939 Susumu Tonegawa, Japanese molecular biologist * 1939 David Allan Coe, American songwriter, singer and guitarist * 1942 Dave Bargeron, American trombonist and tuba player * 1943 Harris Hines, American judge (d. 2018) * 1943 Richard J. Roberts, British biochemist and molecular biologist * 1943 Roger Waters, British musician (Pink Floyd) * 1944 Swoosie Kurtz, American actress * 1944 Donna Haraway, American writer and activist * 1947 Jane Curtin, American actress * 1947 Bruce Rioch, Scottish footballer and coach * 1948 Karlos Arguiñano, Spanish chef === 1951 1975 === * 1952 Buddy Miller, American singer-songwriter * 1952 Simon Burns, English politician * 1954 Carly Fiorina, American business executive and Presidential candidate * 1955 Carl E. Walz, American astronaut * 1956 Bill Ritter, former Governor of Colorado * 1957 Michaëlle Jean, former Governor General of Canada * 1957 José Sócrates, former Prime Minister of Portugal * 1958 Jeff Foxworthy, American comedian, actor, and writer * 1958 Arsinée Khanjian, Armenian-Canadian actress * 1959 Ronnie Cowan, Scottish politician * 1961 Scott Travis, American musician (Judas Priest) * 1961 Paul Waaktaar-Savoy, Norwegian musician (a-ha) * 1962 Chris Christie, Governor of New Jersey * 1962 Marina Kaljurand, Estonian badminton player and diplomat * 1963 Pat Nevin, Scottish footballer * 1963 Geert Wilders, Dutch politician * 1964 Rosie Perez, American actress * 1965 Takumi Horiike, Japanese footballer * 1966 Emil Boc, Romanian politician * 1966 Jill Ellis, English-American soccer coach * 1967 William DuVall, American singer (Alice in Chains) * 1967 Macy Gray, American singer * 1968 Paddy Boom, American drummer and songwriter (Scissor Sisters) * 1968 Christopher Brookmyre, Scottish writer * 1969 Norio Omura, Japanese footballer * 1969 Ce Ce Peniston, American singer * 1970 Paul Miller, (DJ Spooky) American composer, artist, writer * 1970 Igor Korolev, Russian ice hockey player (d. 2011) * 1970 Emily Maitlis, English journalist * 1971 Dolores O'Riordan, Irish musician (The Cranberries) (d. 2018) * 1971 Leila K, Swedish rapper * 1972 China Miéville, writer * 1972 Dylan Bruno, American actor * 1972 Idris Elba, British actor * 1973 Alessandro Troncon, Italian rugby player * 1973 Carlo Cudicini, Italian footballer * 1973 Greg Rusedski, Canadian-British tennis player * 1974 Tim Henman, British tennis player * 1974 Justin Whalin, actor * 1974 Nina Persson, Swedish singer (The Cardigans) * 1975 Gala, Italian singer === From 1976 === * 1976 Robin Atkin Downes, English actor and voice actor * 1976 Tom Pappas, American athlete * 1976 Naomie Harris, British actress * 1978 Homare Sawa, Japanese footballer * 1978 Foxy Brown, American rapper * 1978 Mathew Horne, English actor and screenwriter * 1979 Massimo Maccarone, Italian footballer * 1980 Kerry Katona, British singer and television personality * 1980 Joseph Yobo, Nigerian footballer * 1981 Yuki Abe, Japanese footballer * 1981 Santiago Salcedo, Paraguayan footballer * 1983 Pippa Middleton, sister of Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge * 1984 Luc Abalo, French handball player * 1984 Andarz Kirm, Slovenian footballer * 1984 Thomas Dekker, Dutch cyclist * 1985 Tadas Kijanskas, Lithuanian footballer * 1985 Koki Mizuno, Japanese footballer * 1985 Webbie, American rapper * 1988 Max George, British singer (The Wanted) * 1989 Kim So-eun, South Korean singer * 1989 Audrey Deroin, French handball player * 1990 John Wall, American basketball player * 1994 Theo Trebs, German actor * 2006 Prince Hisahito of Akishino of Japan == Deaths == === Up to 1900 === * 394 Eugenius, Roman Emperor * 926 Emperor Taizu of Liao of China (b. 872) * 957 Liudolf, Duke of Swabia (b. 930) * 972 Pope John XIII * 1276 Vicedomino de Vicedominis, Italian cardinal (b. 1210) * 1511 Ashikaga Yoshizumi, Ashikaga shogun (b. 1481) * 1566 Suleiman the Magnificent, Ottoman Sultan (b. 1494) * 1635 Metius, Dutch mathematician and astronomer (b. 1571) * 1649 Robert Dudley, English explorer and geographer (b. 1574) * 1683 Jean-Baptiste Colbert, French minister of finance (b. 1619) * 1708 Sir John Morden, philanthropist (b. 1623) * 1724 Jonathan Singletary Dunham, American settler, ancestor of Barack Obama (b. 1640) * 1782 Martha Wayles Skelton Jefferson, wife of Thomas Jefferson (b. 1748) * 1783 Bertinazzi, Italian actor and writer (b. 1710) * 1808 Louis-Pierre Anquetil, French historian (b. 1723) * 1868 Pierre Adolphe Rost, American lawyer, judge and politician (b. 1797) * 1871 Josef Naus, Austrian surveyor and climber (b. 1791) * 1885 Narcis Monturiol i Estariol, Catalan intellectual, artist and engineer (b. 1819) === 1901 2000 === * 1902 Frederick Augustus Abel, British chemist (b. 1827) * 1907 Sully Prudhomme, French writer (b. 1839) * 1938 John Stuart Hindmarsh, English racing driver and aviator (b. 1907) * 1939 Arthur Rackham, English illustrator (b. 1867) * 1945 John McCain, Sr., American admiral (b. 1884) * 1950 Olaf Stapledon, English philosopher and author (b. 1886) * 1951 Joan Vollmer, wife of William S. Burroughs (b. 1867) * 1952 Gertrude Lawrence, English actress (b. 1898) * 1956 Alex Raymond, American comic artist (b. 1909) * 1956 Michael Ventris, English architect (b. 1922) * 1962 Seiichi Kashio, Japanese tennis player (b. 1892) * 1962 Hanns Eisler, German composer (b. 1898) * 1966 Hendrik Verwoerd, South African prime minister (b. 1901) * 1966 Margaret Sanger, birth control activist (b. 1879) * 1969 Arthur Friedenreich, Brazilian footballer (b. 1892) * 1972 People killed in the Munich Massacre: **Ze'ev Friedman, Polish-born Israeli weightlifter (b. 1944) **David Mark Berger, American-born Israeli weightlifter (b. 1944) **Yossef Gutfreund, Israeli wrestling judge (b. 1931) **Eliezer Halfin, Israeli wrestler (b. 1948) **Amitzur Shapira, Israeli short-distance runner and coach (b. 1932) **Kehat Shorr, Israeli shooting coach (b. 1919) **Mark Slavin, Israeli wrestler (b. 1954) **Andre Spitzer, Romanian-born Israeli wrestler (b. 1954) **Yakov Springer, Polish-born Israeli wrestler and weightlifting coach (b. 1921) **Lutif Afif, Palestinian terrorist * 1974 Olga Baclanova, Russian actress (b. 1896) * 1974 Otto Kruger, American actor (b. 1885) * 1981 Christy Brown, Irish writer (b. 1932) * 1984 Ernest Tubb, country music singer (b. 1914) * 1985 Franco Ferrera, Italian conductor (b. 1911) * 1985 Johnny Desmond, American singer (b. 1919) * 1986 Blanche Sweet, American actress (b. 1895) * 1990 Tom Fogerty, American singer (b. 1941) * 1991 Pee Wee Gaskins, American serial killer (executed by electrocution; b. 1933) * 1990 Len Hutton, English cricketer (b. 1916) * 1992 Henry Ephron, American playwright, screenwriter and producer (b. 1912) * 1994 Nicky Hopkins, British musician (b. February 24, 1944) * 1998 Akira Kurosawa, Japanese movie director (b. 1910) * 1999 Lagumot Harris, Nauruan politician (b. 1938) === From 2001 === * 2005 Eugenia Charles, Prime Minister of Dominica (b. 1919) * 2007 Luciano Pavarotti, Italian tenor (b. 1935) * 2007 Madeleine L'Engle, American writer (b. 1918) * 2008 Anita Page, American actress (b. 1910) * 2012 Art Modell, American businessman and NFL team owner (b. 1925) * 2012 Terry Nutkins, English television host and author (b. 1946) * 2014 Cirilo Flores, American bishop (b. 1948) * 2014 Kira Zvorykina, Belarussian chess player (b. 1919) * 2014 Odd Bondevik, Norwegian theologian (b. 1941) * 2014 Stefan Gierasch, American actor (b. 1926) * 2015 Ralph Milne, Scottish footballer (b. 1961) * 2015 Martin Milner, American actor (b. 1931) * 2015 Calvin J. Spann, American pilot (b. 1924) * 2016 Lilian Uchtenhagen, Swiss economist and politician (b. 1928) * 2017 Carlo Caffarra, Italian cardinal (b. 1938) * 2017 Nicolae Lupescu, Romanian footballer (b. 1940) * 2017 Jim McDaniels, American basketball player (b. 1948) * 2017 Kate Millett, American feminist writer and human rights activist (b. 1934) * 2017 Mike Neville, British television broadcaster (b. 1936) * 2017 Noel Picard, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1938) * 2017 Solomon Efimovich Shulman, Belarussian writer (b. 1936) * 2017 Lotfi A. Zadeh, Azerbaijani-American mathematician (b. 1921) * 2018 Richard DeVos, American businessman (b. 1926) * 2018 Liz Fraser, English actress (b. 1930) * 2018 Wilson Moreira, Brazilian singer-songwriter (b. 1936) * 2018 Burt Reynolds, American actor (b. 1936) * 2018 Claudio Scimone, Italian conductor (b. 1934) * 2018 Salawat Gallyamov, Russian linguist (b. 1959) * 2018 Gilbert Lazard, French linguist (b. 1920) * 2019 Chris Duncan, American baseball player (b. 1981) * 2019 Robert Mugabe, 1st Prime Minister and 2nd President of Zimbabwe (b. 1924) * 2019 Abdul Qadir, Pakistani cricketer (b. 1955) * 2019 Wally Westlake, American baseball player (b. 1920) * 2019 Chester Williams, South African rugby union player (b. 1970) == Observances == * Independence Day (Swaziland) * Unification Day (Bulgaria) * Defence Day (Pakistan) September 06