Title: List of epidemics Content: This article is a list of major pandemics and epidemics caused by infectious diseases in human history. Events in boldface are ongoing.  == Worldwide Pandemics == * 1194-1184 BCE: influenza: Trojan War epidemic * 713 BCE: influenza: Assyrian epidemic * 430-425 BCE: influenza (?): Plague of Athens * 165-180: Antonine Plague, perhaps smallpox * 541: the Plague of Justinian * 591-592: influenza: Extreme Cough * 1300-50s: The Black Death in Europe and Asia during the Late Middle Age (Killed 60% of the population) * 1501-1587: typhus * 1729: influenza * 1732-1733: influenza * 1775-1776: influenza * 1781: influenza * 1816-1826: cholera * 1829-1851: cholera * 1830: influenza * 1847-1848: influenza * 1852-1860: cholera * 1855-1950s: bubonic plague: Third Pandemic in China and India * 1857-1859: influenza * 1870-1874: smallpox * 1863-1875: cholera * 1881-1893: cholera * 1889-1892: influenza * 1899-1923: cholera * 1918-1920: avian flu: Spanish flu: more people were hospitalized in World War I from this epidemic than wounds. Estimates of the dead range from 20 to 40 million worldwide (WHO) * 1957-1958: influenza: avian flu: Asian flu * 1961-present: cholera called El Tor * 1981-present: HIV/AIDS (As of 2018, more than 32 million have died from AIDS) * 1968-1969: influenza: avian flu: Hong Kong flu * 2002-2003: SARS * 2009-2010: 2009 flu pandemic (swine flu) * 2019 to present: COVID-19 pandemic (Ongoing pandemic) == Regional == === Asia === * 165: Antonine Plague - Seleucia, Iraq * 541: Plague of Justinian - Pelusium, Egypt * 735: 735–737 Japanese smallpox epidemic - Dazaifu, Fukuoka, Japan * 1772: 1772–1773 Persian Plague - Baghdad, Iraq * 1826: 1826–1837 cholera pandemic - Ganges, India * 1846: Third cholera pandemic - Mecca, Saudi Arabia * 1855: Third plague pandemic - Yunnan, China * 1889: 1889-1890 pandemic - Bukhara, Russia * 1890: Russian flu - Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China * 1918: 1918–1922 Russia typhus epidemic - Siberia, Russia * 1957: 1957-1958 influenza pandemic - Guizhou, China * 1968: Hong Kong flu - Hong Kong, China * 1997: Avian flu - Hong Kong, China * 2002: SARS - Foshan, Guangdong, China * 2003: Avian influenza epidemic - Fujian, China * 2012: 2012 MERS epidemic - Jeddah, Saudi Arabia * 2015: 2015 South Korea MERS epidemic - Jeddah, Saudi Arabia * 2019: 2019 Philippines measles outbreak - Manila, Philippines * 2019-present: COVID-19 - Wuhan, Hubei, China * 2019: 2019–20 Brucellosis outbreak - Lanzhou, Gansu, China * 2020: 2020 Hantavirus outbreak - Luxi, Yunnan, China * 2020: 2020 G4 EA H1N1 outbreak - Hebei, China * 2020: 2020 Inner Mongolia bubonic outbreak - Bayannur, Inner Mongolia * 2020: SFTS bunyavirus outbreak - Jiangsu, China * 2020: 2020 Idiophatic outbreak - Eluru, India * 2021: India fungus epidemic - New Delhi, India * 2021: Hong Kong Streptococcus outbreak - Hong Kong * 2021: Flurona - Petah Tikva, Israel * 2022: 2022 Henan H3N8 outbreak - Zhumadian, Henan, China * 2022: 2022 Langya virus outbreak in China - Shandong, China * 2022: 2022 HFMD outbreak in the Philippines - San Pascual, Batangas * 2023: 2023 North Korea respiratory disease outbreak - Pyongyang, North Korea === Central and South America === * 1493: influenza - Hispaniola * 1518: smallpox - Hispaniola * 1520: smallpox - Mexico * 1527-1530: smallpox - Peru * 1530-1531: measles - Mexico, Peru * 1546: typhus - Mexico, Peru * 1558-1559: influenza - Mexico, Peru * early 1600s: malaria * 1648: yellow fever * 2009: 2009 swine flu pandemic - Veracruz, Mexico === Europe === * 415 BCE: Athenian army in Sicily * 393 BCE: Carthaginian siege of Syracuse * 1347-1351: Black Death - Xi'an, China * 1582-1583: plague - San Cristóbal de La Laguna (Tenerife, Spain) * 1629: 1629–1631 Italian plague - Milan, Italy * 1613: diphtheria \- "El año de los Garotillos" * 1656: Naples Plague - Naples, Italy * 1665-1666: Great Plague of London - London, UK * 1720: Great Plague of Marseille - Marseille, France * 1782: Influenza: Russian Katarrh === Egypt & North Africa === * 212 BCE: Second Punic War epidemic * 1801: plague * 1831: cholera * 1834-1836: plague * 1848, 1865, 1881: cholera * 1902: cholera * 1942-1944: falciparum malaria * 1946: relapsing fever * 1947: cholera * 2022: 2022 monkeypox outbreak - Lagos, Nigeria * 2022: 2022 Marburg virus disease outbreak in Ghana - Ashanti, Ghana * 2022: 2022 Uganda Ebola outbreak - Mubende, Uganda === North America === * 1657: measles - Boston, Massachusetts * 1687: measles - Boston, Massachusetts * 1690: yellow fever - New York, New York * 1713: measles - Boston, Massachusetts * 1721-1722: smallpox - Boston, Massachusetts * 1729: measles - Boston, Massachusetts * 1738: smallpox - South Carolina * 1739-1740: measles - Boston, Massachusetts * 1747: measles - Connecticut, New York, Pennsylvania, South Carolina * 1759: measles - North America * 1761: influenza - North America and West Indies * 1772: measles - North America * 1775: unknown cause - North America, particularly in the northeast * 1783: Bilious fever - Dover, Delaware * 1788: measles - Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and New York * 1793: influenza and "putrid fever" - Vermont * 1793: influenza - Virginia * 1793: yellow fever - Philadelphia, Pennsylvania * 1793: unknown - Harrisburg, Pennsylvania * 1793: unknown - Middletown, Pennsylvania * 1794: yellow fever - Philadelphia, Pennsylvania * 1796-1797: yellow fever - Philadelphia, Pennsylvania * 1798: yellow fever - Philadelphia, Pennsylvania * 1803: yellow fever - New York * 1820-1823: fever - United States spreading from the Schuylkill River * 1831-1832: Asiatic cholera - United States (brought by English immigrants) * 1832: cholera - New York City and other major cities * 1833: cholera - Columbus, Ohio * 1834: cholera - New York City * 1837: typhus - Philadelphia * 1841: yellow fever - United States (especially severe in the South) * 1847: yellow fever New Orleans * 1848-1849: cholera - North America * 1849: cholera New York * 1850: yellow fever - United States * 1850-1851: influenza - North America * 1851: cholera Coles County, Illinois, The Great Plains, and Missouri * 1852: yellow fever - United States (New Orleans-8,000 die in summer) * 1855: yellow fever - United States * 1860-1861: smallpox - Pennsylvania * 1865-1873: smallpox - Philadelphia, New York City, Boston, New Orleans * 1865-1873: cholera - Baltimore, Maryland, Memphis, Washington, DC * 1865-1873: recurring epidemics of typhus, typhoid, scarlet fever, and yellow fever * 1873-1875: influenza - North America and Europe * 1876: smallpox - Deadwood, South Dakota * 1878: yellow fever - Memphis, New Orleans * 1885: typhoid - Plymouth, Pennsylvania * 1886: yellow fever - Jacksonville, Florida * 1918-1920: Spanish flu - Manhattan, Kansas, U.S. * 2022: 2022 United States listeriosis outbreak - Maryland, U.S. * 2022: 2022 North America tridemic - Ontario, Canada