Title: January 22 Content: ==Events== === Up to 1900 === * 565 - Eutychius is deposed as Patriarch of Constantinople by John Scholasticus. * 1462 - The Portuguese reach Sao Vicente, Cape Verde. * 1506 - The first contingent of 150 Swiss Guards arrive in Vatican City. * 1517 - The Ottoman Empire under Selim I defeats the Mamluk Sultanate and captures the area that is now Egypt in the Battle of Ridaniya. * 1521 - Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor opens the Diet of Worms. * 1555 - The Ava Kingdom falls to the Taungoo Dynasty in what is now present-day Burma. * 1689 - The Convention Parliament convenes on whether James II of England/James VII of Scotland abandoned the thrones of England, Scotland and Ireland when he fled to France in 1688. * 1771 – Spain gives Port Egmont in the Falkland Islands to England. * 1824 - The Ashantis defeat British forces in the Gold Coast, present-day Ghana. * 1840 – British colonists reach New Zealand. * 1849 - Second Anglo-Sikh War: The Siege of Multan ends after nine months when the last defenders of Multan, Punjab, surrender. * 1863 - The January Uprising begins the Poland, Lithuania and Belarus against Russian rule. * 1873 - The British clipper Northfleet collides with Spanish steamship Murillo off Kent, killing 293 people. * 1879 - Anglo-Zulu War: In the Battle of Rorke's Drift, 139 British soldiers successfully defend their garrison against an onslaught by 3 to 4,000 Zulu warriors. On the same day, Zulu warriors defeat British troops at the Battle of Isandlwana. * 1890 - The United Mine Workers of America trade union is founded in Columbus, Ohio. * 1899 – Leaders of six Australian colonies meet in Melbourne to discuss uniting. === 1901 2000 === * 1901 – Edward VII becomes King after Queen Victoria, dies. Her death ends the Victorian era, having reigned longer than any British monarch before her. * 1905 - Bloody Sunday in Saint Petersburg: Start of the 1905 Revolution in Russia. * 1906 - The ship SS Valencia runs aground on Vancouver Island, killing more than 130 people. * 1915 - Over 600 people are killed in Guadalajara, Mexico, when their train plunges off the tracks into a canyon. * 1917 – World War I: US President Woodrow Wilson calls for "peace without victory" in Europe. * 1924 - Ramsay MacDonald becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. He is the first Prime Minister from the Labour Party. * 1927 - Teddy Wakelam gives his first live video commentary of a football match anywhere in the world, between Arsenal FC and Sheffield United. * 1931 – Sir Isaac Isaacs sworn in as the first Australian-born Governor-General of Australia. * 1941 - World War II: British and Commonwealth forces capture Tobruk in Libya from the Italians in Operation Bypass. * 1944 – World War II: Allies begin Operation Shingle (an attack on Anzio, Italy). * 1946 - The "Central Intelligence Group" is created. It is a forerunner of the Central Intelligence Agency. * 1953 – The Crucible, a play by Arthur Miller, starts on Broadway. * 1957 – Israel leaves the Sinai Peninsula. * 1959 - The Knox Mine Disaster occurs in Patston City, Pennsylvania kills 12 people, as water breaches the mine. * 1962 – The Organization of American States (OAS) makes Cuba no longer a member. * 1963 - The Elysee Treaty of cooperation between France and the Federal Republic of Germany is signed by French President Charles de Gaulle and German Chancellor Konrad Adenauer. * 1968 - Apollo 5 lifts off, carrying the first lunar module into space. * 1969 - A gunman attempts to kill Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev. * 1970 - The world's first jumbo jet, a Boeing 747, enters commercial service for the first time, flying from New York City to London. * 1971 - The Singapore Declaration, an important part of the treaty of the Commonwealth of Nations. * 1973 - A Boeing 737 of the Royal Jordanian Airline explodes at Kano Airport in northern Nigeria, killing 176 people. * 1973 - George Foreman defeats Joe Frazier to win the World Heavyweight Boxing champion. * 1973 – The Supreme Court of the United States shows its decision in Roe vs. Wade, stopping laws that limit abortion during the first six months of being pregnant. * 1980 – Andrei Sakharov is arrested in Moscow. * 1984 - The Apple Macintosh computer is introduced. * 1987 - Pennsylvania politician R. Budd Dwyer shoots and kills himself during a live press conference. * 1987 - Philippine Security forces open fire on a crowd of 10,000 to 15,000 demonstrators in Manila, killing 13 people. * 1991 - Gulf War: Three SCUDs and one patriot missile hit Ramat Gan, Israel, killing 96 people. === From 2001 === * 2003 – The Netherlands vote for a new parliament after the one before had only been into power for 86 days. * 2006 - Anibal Cavaco Silva is elected President of Portugal. * 2006 - Evo Morales becomes President of Bolivia. * 2006 – Russia uncovers that the UK spied through a device disguised as a rock. * 2007 - More than 88 people are killed in two car bombings in Baghdad. * 2015 - After Houthi rebels seize the Presidential palace in the capital, Sana'a, Yemen's President Abd Rabbuh Mansur Hadi resigns following months of unrest. * 2018 - Former footballer George Weah becomes President of Liberia. ==Births== === Up to 1900 === * 826 - Emperor Montoku of Japan (d. 858) * 1263 - Ibn Taymiyyah, Syrian scholar and theologian (d. 1328) * 1440 – Ivan III of Russia (d. 1505) * 1552 - Walter Raleigh, English poet, soldier, courtier, spy and explorer (d. 1618) * 1561 – Sir Francis Bacon, English philosopher (d. 1626) * 1592 – Pierre Gassendi, French philosopher (d. 1655) * 1690 - Nicolas Lancret, French painter (d. 1743) * 1729 – Gotthold Ephraim Lessing, German writer and philosopher (d. 1781) * 1733 – Philip Carteret, English navy captain, discovered Pitcairn Island (d. 1796) * 1781 - François Habeneck, French violinist and conductor (d. 1849) * 1788 – Lord Byron, English poet (d. 1824) * 1796 - Karl Ernst Claus, Russian chemist (d. 1864) * 1797 – Maria Leopoldina of Austria, Empress of Brazil (d. 1826) * 1814 – Eduard Zeller, German philosopher and theologian (d. 1908) * 1831 – Prince Christian III of Schleswig-Holstein (d. 1917) * 1840 - Ernest Roland Wilberforce, English bishop (d. 1907) * 1843 - Friedrich Blass, German classical scholar (d. 1907) * 1849 – August Strindberg, Swedish novelist and playwright (d. 1912) * 1855 - Albert Ludwig Sigesmund Neisser, German physician (d. 1916) * 1858 - Beatrice Webb, American sociologist and economist (d. 1943) * 1865 - Wilbur Scoville, American pharmacologist and chemist (d. 1942) * 1869 - José Vicente de Freitas, 97th Prime Minister of Portugal (d. 1952) * 1874 - Vincenzo Lapuma, Italian cardinal (d. 1943) * 1875 – D. W. Griffith, American actor, movie director and movie producer (d. 1948) * 1877 – Hjalmar Schacht, German banker and politician (d. 1970) * 1879 – Francis Picabia, French-born painter and poet (d. 1953) * 1880 - Frigyes Riesz, Hungarian mathematician (d. 1956) * 1882 - Theodore Kosloff, Russian- American actor, ballet dancer and choreographer (d. 1958) * 1885 - Eugène Christophe, French cyclist (d. 1970) * 1890 – Fred M. Vinson, Chief Justice of the United States (d. 1953) * 1891 – Antonio Gramsci, Italian philosopher and political theorist (d. 1937) * 1892 - Marcel Dassault, French businessman (d. 1986) * 1893 - Conrad Veidt, German actor (d. 1943) * 1897 - Blind Willie Johnson, American blues and gospel musician (d. 1945) * 1897 - Rosa Ponselle, American soprano (d. 1981) * 1898 - Ross Barnett, American politician, 52nd Governor of Mississippi (d. 1987) * 1898 - Sergei Eisenstein, Russian movie director (d. 1948) * 1900 - Ernst Busch, German actor and singer (d. 1980) === 1901 1950 === * 1901 - Walther Sommerlath, German businessman, father of Queen Silvia of Sweden (d. 1990) * 1901 - Ken G. Hall, Australian movie producer, director and screenwriter (d. 1994) * 1904 – George Balanchine, Georgian-born choreographer (d. 1983) * 1904 – Arkady Gaidar, Russian writer (d. 1941) * 1907 – Dixie Dean, English footballer (d. 1980) * 1908 – Lev Davidovich Landau, Soviet physicist (d. 1968) * 1909 – U Thant, Burmese diplomat and United Nations Secretary-General (d. 1974) * 1909 - Ann Sothern, American actress (d. 2004) * 1911 – Bruno Kreisky, Chancellor of Austria (d. 1990) * 1913 - Henry Bauchau, Belgian psychoanalyst (d. 2012) * 1913 - William Conway, Irish cardinal (d. 1977) * 1915 - Heinrich Albertz, Mayor of Berlin (d. 1993) * 1916 - Bill Durnan, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1972) * 1916 - Henri Dutilleux, French composer (d. 2013) * 1918 - Elmer Lach, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2015) * 1918 - Bruno Zevi, Italian architect, historian and professor (d. 2000) * 1920 – Irving Kristol, American political commentator (d. 2009) * 1920 – Chiara Lubich, Italian religious leader (d. 2008) * 1920 – Alf Ramsey, English football manager (d. 1999) * 1922 - Howard Moss, American poet, playwright and critic (d. 1987) * 1923 - Diana Douglas, Bermudan- American actress (d. 2015) * 1924 - Ortvin Sarapu, New Zealand chess player (d. 1999) * 1925 – Bobby George, American baseball player (d. 1985) * 1929 - Petr Eben, Czech composer, organist and choirmaster (d. 2007) * 1931 - Galina Zybina, Russian shot putter and javelin thrower * 1932 – Piper Laurie, American actress * 1934 - Vijay Anand, Indian actor, director, screenwriter and producer (d. 2004) * 1934 – Bill Bixby, American actor (d. 1993) * 1935 - Seymour Cassel, American actor * 1936 – Ong Teng Cheong, President of Singapore (d. 2002) * 1936 – Alan J. Heeger, American chemist * 1936 - Valerio Zanone, Italian politician (d. 2016) * 1938 – Altair Gomes de Figueiredo, Brazilian footballer * 1939 - J. C. Trembley, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1994) * 1939 – Alfredo Palacio, former President of Ecuador * 1940 – John Hurt, British actor (d. 2017) * 1940 - Gillian Shepherd, British educator and politician * 1941 - Jaan Kaplinski, Estonian writer and philosopher * 1942 - Mimis Domazos, Greek footballer * 1945 - Jean-Pierre Nicolas, French rally driver * 1945 - Alojz Uran, former Roman Catholic Archbishop of Ljubljana * 1945 - Christoph Schönborn, Austrian cardinal * 1946 – Malcolm McLaren, British music manager (d. 2010) * 1946 - Serge Savard, Canadian ice hockey player * 1948 - Gilbert Levine, American conductor * 1949 - Steve Perry, American singer, composer and musician === 1951 1975 === * 1951 - Ondrej Nepela, Slovakian figure skater (d. 1989) * 1953 - Myung-whun Chung, South Korean pianist and conductor * 1954 – Chris Lemmon, American actor * 1955 - Keiko Takahashi, Japanese actress * 1955 - Thomas David Jones, American astronaut * 1955 - Neil Bush, American businessman, brother of George W. Bush * 1957 – Francis Wheen, English writer and journalist * 1958 - Nikos Anastopoulos, Greek footballer * 1959 – Linda Blair, American actress * 1959 – Urs Meier, Swiss football referee * 1960 – Michael Hutchence, Australian musician (d. 1997) * 1962 – Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin of Terengganu, Malaysian Head of State * 1963 - Neeraj Vora, Indian actor (d. 2017) * 1964 – Nigel Benn, English boxer * 1965 – Steven Adler, American drummer (Guns N' Roses) * 1965 - Diane Lane, American actress * 1968 - Guy Fieri, American television host, chef and restaurateur * 1968 - Heath, Japanese singer- songwriter and bass player * 1968 – Mauricio Serna, Colombian footballer * 1970 - Abraham Olano, Spanish cyclist * 1971 - Geoffrey Gurrumul Yunupingu, Australian musician (d. 2017) * 1971 – Stan Collymore, English footballer * 1971 - Sergei Zamorski, Russian-Estonian footballer * 1972 - Namrata Shirodkar, Indian actress * 1973 – Rogério Ceni, Brazilian footballer * 1974 - Joseph Muscat, 13th Prime Minister of Malta === From 1976 === * 1977 – Hidetoshi Nakata, Japanese footballer * 1977 - Mario Domm, Mexican singer- songwriter, pianist and producer * 1980 – Jonathan Woodgate, English footballer * 1981 – Ben Moody, American musician * 1981 – Beverley Mitchell, American actress * 1981 - Ibrahima Sonko, French footballer * 1982 – Fabricio Coloccini, Argentine footballer * 1984 – Ben Eager, Canadian ice hockey player * 1984 - Todor Slavov, Bulgarian rally driver (d. 2015) * 1985 – Mohamed Sissoko, Malian footballer * 1986 - Lee Pa-ni, South Korean model * 1987 – Astrid Jacobsen, Norwegian skier * 1987 – Shane Long, Irish footballer * 1988 - Greg Oden, American basketball player * 1990 - Alizé Cornet, French tennis player * 1991 - Elizabeth Simmonds, British swimmer * 1993 - Rio Haryanto, Indonesian racing driver * 1993 - Tommy Knight, English actor * 1994 - Hendrik Bonmann, German footballer ==Deaths== === Up to 1900 === * 239 - Cao Rui, Chinese Emperor (b. 205) * 1341 - Louis I, Duke of Bourbon (b. 1279) * 1531 – Andrea del Sarto, Italian painter (b. 1487) * 1592 – Elisabeth of Austria, Queen of France (b. 1554) * 1599 - Cristofano Malvezzi, Italian organist and composer (b. 1547) * 1666 – Shah Jahan, Mughal Emperor (b. 1592) * 1767 – Johann Gottlob Lehmann, German scientist (b. 1719) * 1779 – Jeremiah Dixon, English surveyor and astronomer (b. 1733) * 1840 – Johann Friedrich Blumenbach, German anthropologist (b. 1752) * 1892 - Joseph P. Bradley, American jurist (b. 1813) * 1900 - David Edward Hughes, Welsh-American physicist and inventor (b. 1831) === 1901 2000 === * 1901 – Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom (b. 1819) * 1919 – Carl Larsson, Swedish painter (b. 1853) * 1922 – Fredrik Bajer, Danish politician and pacifist (b. 1837) * 1922 – Pope Benedict XV (b. 1854) * 1922 – Camille Jordan, French mathematician (b. 1838) * 1929 - R. C. Lehmann, English journalist, author and politician (b. 1856) * 1942 – Walter Sickert, German painter (b. 1860) * 1945 – Else Lasker-Schüler, German poet (b. 1869) * 1950 – Alan Hale, Sr., American actor (b. 1892) * 1950 - Corinne Luchaire, French actress (b. 1921) * 1951 - Karl Nessler, German- American hairdresser (b. 1872) * 1951 - Lawson Robertson, Scottish-American high jumper (b. 1883) * 1954 - Princess Margaret of Prussia (b. 1872) * 1957 - Ralph Barton Perry, American philosopher (b. 1876) * 1959 – Mike Hawthorn, English racing driver (b. 1929) * 1963 - William Godfrey, English cardinal (b. 1889) * 1968 – Duke Kahanamoku, Hawaiian-American swimmer and surfer (b. 1890) * 1971 - Harry Frank Guggenheim, American businessman and publisher (b. 1890) * 1973 – Lyndon B. Johnson, 36th President of the United States (b. 1908) * 1978 - Herbert Sutcliffe, English cricketer (b. 1894) * 1982 – Eduardo Frei Montalva, President of Chile (b. 1911) * 1982 - Tommy Tucker, American singer- songwriter and pianist (b. 1933) * 1990 – Mariano Rumor, Italian politician (b. 1915) * 1990 – Roman Vishniac, Russian-American photographer (b. 1897) * 1991 – Kenas Aroi, Nauruan politician (b. 1942) * 1994 – Telly Savalas, American entertainer (b. 1924) * 1994 - Jean-Louis Barrault, French actor and director (b. 1910) * 1995 – Jerry Blackwell, American professional wrestler (b. 1949) * 1995 – Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy, mother of John F. Kennedy (b. 1890) * 1998 - C. Elmer Anderson, Governor of Minnesota (b. 1912) === From 2001 === * 2002 – Stanley Marcus, American businessman (b. 1905) * 2003 - Bill Mauldin, American cartoonist (b. 1921) * 2005 - Carlo Orelli, Italian soldier and supercentenarian (b. 1894) * 2007 - Abbé Pierre, French priest and monk (b. 1912) * 2008 – Claude Piron, Swiss translator (b. 1931) * 2008 – Heath Ledger, Australian actor (b. 1979) * 2010 – Sultan Iskandar of Johor, Malaysian Head of State (b. 1932) * 2010 – Jean Simmons, British actress (b. 1929) * 2012 – Joe Paterno, American college football coach (b. 1926) * 2014 - Carlo Mazzacurati, Italian movie director (b. 1956) * 2015 - Wendell H. Ford, American politician, Governor of Kentucky (b. 1924) * 2015 - Joan Hinde, English trumpeter and entertainer (b. 1933) * 2015 - Dacia Valent, Somali- Italian politician (b. 1963) * 2016 - Homayoun Behzadi, Iranian footballer (b. 1941) * 2016 - Miloslav Ransdorf, Czech politician (b. 1953) * 2016 - Rik Wilson, American ice hockey player (b. 1962) * 2016 - Cecil Parkinson, English politician (b. 1931) * 2016 - Kamer Genç, Turkish politician (b. 1940) * 2017 - Dan Caspi, Romanian-Israeli media theorist and academic (b. 1945) * 2017 - Chen Yu-mei, Taiwanese politician (b. 1966) * 2017 - Moshe Gershuni, Israeli painter and sculptor (b. 1936) * 2017 - Jaki Liebezeit, German musician (b. 1938) * 2017 - Andy Marte, Dominican baseball player (b. 1983) * 2017 - Yordano Ventura, Dominican baseball player (b. 1991) * 2017 - Pete Overend Watts, English musician (b. 1947) * 2018 - Jimmy Armfield, English footballer (b. 1935) * 2018 - Billy Hancock, American singer and guitarist (b. 1946) * 2018 - Reinier Kreijermaat, Dutch footballer (b. 1935) * 2018 - Ursula K. Le Guin, American science fiction writer (b. 1929) ==Holidays and observances== * New Zealand – Wellington Anniversary * Ukraine - Reunion Day * Poland - Grandfather's Day Category:Days of the year