Title: August 30 Content: == Events == === Up to 1900 === * 526 Ostrogoth King Theodoric the Great dies of dysentery in Ravenna. * 711 K'inich K'an Joy Chitam, king of Palenque, disappears from history. He was probably taken prisoner by a rivalling city state. * 1464 Pope Paul II is elected. * 1574 Guru Ram Das becomes the Fourth Sikh Guru/Master. * 1791 The ship HMS Pandora sinks after running aground on a reef. * 1800 Gabriel Prosser postpones a planned slave rebellion in Richmond, Virginia, but is arrested he can make it happen. * 1813 In an uprising, Creek Native Americans launch an attack on Fort Mims, Alabama (present-day Mobile, Alabama), and commit the Fort Mims massacre. * 1813 Battle of Kulm: French forces are defeated by Austrian-Prussian-Russian alliance. * 1832 Agreement is reached on the border between Greece and the Ottoman Empire. * 1835 The city of Melbourne, Australia is founded. * 1836 The city of Houston, Texas is founded. * 1850 Honolulu, Hawaii becomes a city. * 1862 American Civil War: Battle of Richmond, Kentucky - Confederates under Edmund Kirby Smith rout a Union army under General Horatio Wright. * 1862 American Civil War: Union forces are defeated in Second Battle of Bull Run. * 1873 Austrian explorers Julius von Payer and Karl Weyprecht discover the archipelago (island group) of Franz Josef Land in the Arctic Ocean. The islands now belong to Russia. * 1881 British passenger steamer RMS Teuton hits a reef off South Africa and sinks, killing 236 of the 272 people on board. * 1896 Philippine Revolution: After Spanish victory in the Battle of San Juan del Monte, eight provinces in the Philippines are declared to be under martial law by the Spanish Governor- General Ramon Blanco y Erenas. === 1901 2000 === * 1914 World War I: Battle of Tannenberg. * 1917 During a night-time sailing, with all light switched off because of the war, French passenger steamer Natal collides with an oncoming cargo ship, sinking in 10 minutes. Of the 503 on board, 105 are killed. * 1918 Assassins seriously injure Bolshevik leader Vladimir Lenin and kill Bolshevik senior official Moisei Uritsky, prompting the decree for Red Terror. * 1922 Battle of Dumlupinar, final battle in Greco-Turkish War (1919-1922) ("Turkish War of Independence"). * 1940 The Second Vienna Award reassigns the territory of North Transylvania from Romania to Hungary. * 1941 World War II: The Siege of Leningrad begins. * 1945 World War II: Hong Kong is liberated from Japan. * 1945 World War II: Allied Supreme Commander Douglas MacArthur lands at Atsugi Air Force Base. * 1945 The Allied Control Council, governing Germany after World War II, until 1949, goes into effect. * 1946 In post-World War II Germany, the state of Rhineland-Palatinate is created in the French occupation zone. * 1948 The Romanian intelligence agency, the Securitate, is founded. * 1956 The Lake Pontchartrain Causeway in Louisiana opens. * 1959 The title National Hero of Indonesia is awarded for the first time, to writer and politician Abdul Muis. * 1963 Hotline between U.S. and Soviet leaders goes into operation. * 1965 Casey Stengel announces his retirement from baseball. * 1965 Rock musician Bob Dylan releases his influential album Highway 61 Revisited featuring the song "Like a Rolling Stone." * 1967 Thurgood Marshall confirmed as the first African American Justice of the United States Supreme Court. * 1974 A train crash, of a Dortmund to Belgrade Express train, in Zagreb kills 153 people. * 1974 A powerful bomb explodes at the Mitsubishi Jeavy Industries Headquarters in Marunouchi, Tokyo, Japan killing 8 people. * 1976 Tom Brokaw becomes news anchor of the Today Show. * 1981 Iranian President Mohammad-Ali Rajai and Prime Minister Mohammad-Javad Bahonar are assassinated in a bombing by the People's Mujahedin of Iran. * 1984 Space Shuttle Discovery launches on its first mission. * 1990 Tatarstan declares independence from the RSFSR. * 1991 Azerbaijan declares independence from the USSR. * 1992 Michael Schumacher wins his first Formula One race at the Belgian Grand Prix. * 1993 The Hassan II Mosque in Casablanca, Morocco, is inaugurated. * 1993 The Late Show with David Letterman debuts on CBS. * 1994 Oasis release their first album, Definitely Maybe. * 1995 NATO launches Operation Deliberate Force against Bosnian-Serb forces. * 1999 The East Timorese vote for independence in a referendum. === From 2001 === * 2001 Former President of Yugoslavia and Serbia Slobodan Milosevic is charged with Genocide. * 2002 The Tandy Center Subway in Fort Worth, Texas ceases to operate. * 2003 While being towed across the Barents Sea, de-commissioned Russian submarine K-159 sinks, killing all 9 crew members. * 2009 Yukio Hatoyama is elected Prime Minister of Japan, taking office on September 16, when he succeeds Taro Aso. He resigns on June 2, 2010. * 2014 Prime Minister of Poland Donald Tusk is chosen as the new EU President, while Federica Mogherini of Italy is chosen as the next EU Foreign Policy Chief. * 2016 Doris McLemore, the last-surviving fluent speaker of the Wichita language, dies aged 89. == Births == === Up to 1900 === * 1334 King Peter I of Castile (d. 1369) * 1377 Shah Rukh, ruler Persia and Transoxonia (d. 1447) * 1401 Georgios Sphantzes, Byzantine historian (d. 1479) * 1569 Jahangir, Mughal Emperor (d. 1627) * 1705 David Hartley, English philosopher (d. 1757) * 1720 Samuel Whitbread, English politician and brewer (d. 1796) * 1727 Giovanni Domenico Tiepolo, Italian painter (d. 1804) * 1731 Jacob Sievers, Russian statesman (d. 1828) * 1739 George Mathews, American politician, Governor of Georgia (d. 1812) * 1745 Johann Hieronymus Schroeter, German jurist and astronomer (d. 1816) * 1748 Jacques-Louis David, French painter (d. 1825) * 1758 Cristobal Bencomo y Rodriguez, Spanish priest (d. 1835) * 1785 Lin Zexu, Chinese scholar and official (d. 1850) * 1797 Mary Shelley, British writer of Frankenstein (d. 1851) * 1798 Virginie Dejazet, French actress (d. 1875) * 1800 Auguste von Harrach, wife of Frederick William III of Prussia (d. 1873) * 1808 Princess Ludovika of Bavaria (d. 1892) * 1812 Agoston Narasidhy, Hungarian traveler, writer and winemaker (d. 1869) * 1813 Princess Mathilde of Bavaria (d. 1892) * 1818 Alexander H. Rice, 30th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1895) * 1820 Gustave Le Gray, French photography pioneer (d. 1884) * 1820 Hardin Richard Runnels, 6th Governor of Texas (d. 1873) * 1821 Anita Garibaldi, Brazilian- born Italian revolutionary (d. 1849) * 1844 Friedrich Ratzel, German zoologist and geographer (d. 1904) * 1850 Marcelo H. del Pilar, Filipino writer, lawyer and journalist (d. 1896) * 1852 Jacobus Henricus van t' Hoff, Dutch chemist (d. 1911) * 1855 Evelyn De Morgan, British painter (d. 1919) * 1856 Carl David Tolme Runge, German mathematician and physicist (d. 1927) * 1860 Isaac Lewitan, Russian painter (d. 1900) * 1870 Grand Duchess Alexandra Georgievna of Russia (d. 1891) * 1871 Ernest Rutherford, New Zealand chemist and physicist (d. 1937) * 1884 Theodor Svedberg, Swedish physicist (d. 1971) * 1890 Samuel Frederick Henry Thompson, English captain and pilot (d. 1918) * 1893 Huey Long, American politician (d. 1935) * 1896 Raymond Massey, Canadian actor (d. 1983) * 1898 Shirley Booth, American actress (d. 1992) === 1901 1950 === * 1901 Roy Wilkins, American Civil rights activist (d. 1981) * 1902 Jozef Maria Bochenski, Polish philosopher (d. 1995) * 1907 John Mauchly, American physicist and computer engineer (d. 1980) * 1908 Fred MacMurray, American actor (d. 1991) * 1910 Roger Bushell, English soldier and pilot (d. 1944) * 1912 Nancy Wake, New Zealand-born Australian spy in World War II, known as the "White Mouse" (d. 2011) * 1912 Edward Mills Purcell, American physicist (d. 1997) * 1913 Richard Stone, British economist (d. 1991) * 1915 Princess Lilian, Duchess of Halland, Welsh-born Swedish princess (d. 2013) * 1917 Denis Healey, British politician (d. 2015) * 1917 Vladimir Kirillovich, pretender to the Russian throne (d. 1992) * 1918 Ted Williams, American baseball player (d. 2002) * 1919 Wolfgang Wagner, German festival organiser (d. 2010) * 1919 Kitty Wells, American singer (d. 2012) * 1921 Angelo Dundee, American boxing trainer (d. 2012) * 1922 Lionel Murphy, 22nd Attorney-General of Australia (d. 1986) * 1922 Regina Resnik, American mezzo soprano (d. 2013) * 1923 Vic Seixas, American tennis player * 1925 Laurent de Brunhoff, French author and illustrator * 1927 Bill Daily, American actor (d. 2018) * 1930 Warren Buffett, American businessman * 1930 Mauro Ramos, Brazilian footballer (d. 2002) * 1931 Jack Swigert, American astronaut (d. 1982) * 1933 Don Getty, 11th Premier of Alberta (d. 2016) * 1935 John Phillips, American singer-songwriter (Mamas and Papas) (d. 2001) * 1937 Bruce McLaren, New Zealand racing driver (d. 1970) * 1938 Murray Gleeson, Australian judge, 11th Chief Justice of Australia * 1938 Abel Laudonio, Argentine boxer and actor (d. 2014) * 1939 John Peel, British DJ (d. 2004) * 1939 Elizabeth Ashley, American actress * 1940 Ricardo Bauleo, Argentine actor (d. 2014) * 1942 Jonathan Aitken, Irish-British politician * 1943 Jean-Claude Killy, French skier * 1943 Robert Crumb, American cartoonist. * 1943 Bobby Lennox, Scottish footballer * 1944 Tug McGraw, American baseball player (d. 2004) * 1944 Frances Cairncross, English economist, journalist and academic * 1946 Anne-Marie, Danish princess and former Queen of Greece * 1946 Peggy Lipton, American actress * 1948 Lewis Black, American comedian, author and actor * 1948 Fred Hampton, American political activist (d. 1969) * 1948 Victor Skumin, Russian professor, philosopher, writer. * 1949 Peter Maffay, German singer * 1949 Christopher Collins, American actor, voice artist and comedian (d. 1994) * 1950 Antony Gormley, British sculptor * 1950 Micky Moody, English guitarist (Whitesnake) === 1951 1975 === * 1951 Gediminas Kirkilas, Lithuanian politician. * 1951 Dana, Irish singer and politician * 1953 Robert Parish, American basketball player * 1953 Lech Majewski, Polish director, producer and screenwriter * 1954 Alexander Lukashenko, President of Belarus * 1955 Helge Schneider, German comedian, jazz musician, director and actor * 1958 Anna Politkovskaya, Russian journalist, Human Rights activist and writer (d. 2006) * 1958 Muriel Gray, Scottish broadcaster and writer * 1960 Ben Bradshaw, English politician * 1962 Alexander Litvinenko, Russian-born British citizen and ex-KGB agent (d. 2006) * 1963 Dave Brockie, Canadian-American musician (d. 2014) * 1966 Michael Michele, American actress * 1967 Eddie May, Scottish footballer and coach * 1968 Vladimir Malakhov, Russian ice hockey player * 1970 Paulo Sousa, Portuguese footballer * 1971 Mizuki Kawashita, Japanese mangaka * 1972 Cameron Diaz, American actress * 1972 Pavel Nedved, Czech footballer * 1973 Lisa Ling, American journalist * 1974 Javier Otxoa, Basque cyclist (d. 2018) * 1974 Camilla Lackberg, Swedish writer * 1975 Radhi Jaidi, Tunisian footballer === From 1976 === * 1976 Sarah-Jane Potts, British actress * 1977 Elden Henson, American actor * 1977 Felix Sanchez, American- Dominican runner * 1977 Kamil Kosowski, Polish footballer * 1978 Sinead Kerr, Scottish figure skater * 1978 Cliff Lee, American baseball player * 1979 Juan Ignacio Chela, Argentine tennis player * 1982 Andy Roddick, American tennis player * 1983 Kris Commons, English-Scottish footballer * 1983 Simone Pepe, Italian footballer * 1985 Leisel Jones, Australian swimmer * 1985 Anna Ushenina, Russian chess player * 1986 Ryan Ross, American guitarist (Panic! at the Disco) * 1986 Aldo Simoncini, Sammmarinese footballer * 1988 Ernests Gulbis, Latvian tennis player * 1989 Bebe Rexha, Albanian-American singer- songwriter * 1991 Farid Mammadov, Azerbaijani singer * 1996 Trevor Jackson, American singer and actor * 2001 Emily Bear, American pianist and composer == Deaths == === Up to 1900 === * 526 Theodoric the Great, King of the Ostrogoths and ruler of Italy (b. 454) * 1158 King Sancho III of Castile (b. 1134) * 1329 Khutughtu Khan, Emperor Mingzong of Yuan, of the Yuan Dynasty and Mongol Empire * 1428 Emperor Shoko of Japan (b. 1401) * 1483 King Louis XI of France (b. 1423) * 1505 Elizabeth of Austria (b. 1536) * 1580 Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy (b. 1528) * 1619 Shimazu Yoshihiro, Japanese samurai and warlord (b. 1535) * 1751 Christopher Polhem, Swedish scientist and inventor (b. 1661) * 1856 Gilbert Abbott a Beckett, writer (b. 1811) * 1879 John Bell Hood, Confederate general (b. 1831) * 1896 Aleksey Lobanov-Rostovsky, Russian statesman (b. 1824) === 1901 2000 === * 1906 Hans Auer, Swiss architect (b. 1847) * 1907 Richard Mansfield, actor-manager, (b. 1857) * 1928 Wilhelm Wien, German physicist (b. 1864) * 1935 Henri Barbusse, French novelist and journalist (b. 1873) * 1937 Gaetano Bisletti, Italian cardinal (b. 1896) * 1938 Max Factor, Sr., Polish-American make-up artist and businessman (b. 1877) * 1940 J.J. Thomson, English physicist (b. 1856) * 1941 Peder Oluf Pedersen, Danish engineer and physicist (b. 1874) * 1943 Father Eustaquio van Lieshout, ss.cc., Dutch Roman Catholic priest (b. 1890) * 1945 Alfréd Schaffer, Hungarian footballer, coach and manager (b. 1893) * 1946 Konstantin Rodzaevsky, Russian fascist (b. 1907) * 1949 Arthur Fielder, English cricketer (b. 1887) * 1954 Alfredo Ildefonso Schuster, Italian cardinal (b. 1880) * 1957 Otto Suhr, Mayor of Berlin (b. 1894) * 1961 Charles Coburn, actor (b. 1877) * 1971 Ali Hadi Bara, Turkish sculptor (b. 1906) * 1979 Jean Seberg, American actress (b. 1938) * 1981 Mohammad-Ali Rajai, Iranian statesman (b. 1933) * 1981 Mohammad-Javad Bahonar, Iranian statesman * 1981 Vera-Ellen, actress (b. 1921) * 1985 Taylor Caldwell, American writer (b. 1900) * 1991 Jean Tinguely, Swiss kinetic artist (b. 1925) * 1994 Lindsay Anderson, movie director (b. 1923) * 1995 Sterling Morrison, American guitarist (The Velvet Underground) (b. 1942) * 1996 Christine Pascal, French actress (b. 1953) * 1997 Ernst Willimowski, Polish footballer (b. 1916) * 1999 Jan Brasser, Dutch athlete (b. 1912) === From 2001 === * 2001 Govan Mbeki, South African political activist (b. 1910) * 2003 Charles Bronson, American actor (b. 1921) * 2003 Donald Davidson, American philosopher (b. 1917) * 2004 Fred Whipple, American astronomer (b. 1906) * 2005 Hendrikje van Andel-Schipper, Dutch supercentenarian (b. 1890) * 2006 Glenn Ford, Canadian-American actor (b. 1916) * 2006 Naguib Mahfouz, Egyptian writer (b. 1911) * 2008 Killer Kowalski, Canadian professional wrestler (b. 1926) * 2010 J. C. Bailey, American professional wrestler (b. 1983) * 2010 Alain Corneau, French moviemaker (b. 1943) * 2010 Francisco Varallo, Argentine footballer (b. 1910) * 2012 Chris Lighty, American music industry executive (b. 1968) * 2013 Seamus Heaney, Irish writer and poet (b. 1939) * 2013 Soledad Mexia, Mexican-American supercentenarian (b. 1899) * 2014 Bipan Chandra, Indian historian (b. 1928) * 2014 Igor Decraene, Belgian cyclist (b. 1996) * 2014 Victoria Mallory, American actress and singer (b. 1949) * 2014 Bud Andrews, American radio personality and DJ (b. 1940) * 2014 David Mitchell, English politician (b. 1928) * 2015 Bart Cummings, Australian racehorse trainer (b. 1927) * 2015 Oliver Sacks, English-American neurologist and author (b. 1933) * 2015 Wes Craven, American director, writer, producer and actor (b. 1939) * 2015 Marvin Mandel, American politician, 56th Governor of Maryland (b. 1920) * 2015 Hugo Rasmussen, Danish jazz musician (b. 1944) * 2015 Edward Fadeley, American attorney and politician (b. 1929) * 2016 Doris McLemore, last-surviving fluent speaker of the Wichita language (b. 1927) * 2017 Marjorie Boulton, English author (b. 1924) * 2017 Louise Hay, American author (b. 1926) * 2017 Abdul Jabbar, Bangladeshi singer (b. 1938) * 2017 Rollie Massimino, American basketball coach (b. 1934) * 2017 Sumiteru Taniguchi, Japanese anti-nuclear weapons activist (b. 1929) * 2017 Richard Sui On Chang, American Episcopal prelate, Bishop of Hawaii (b. 1941) * 2017 Sam Pivnik, Polish Holocaust survivor and author (b. 1926) * 2018 Joseph Kobzon, Russian singer (b. 1937) * 2018 Ray, Hong Kong professional wrestler (b. 1982) == Observances == * International Day of the Disappeared * Saint Rose of Lima (Peru) * Victory Day (Turkey) * Republic Day (Tatarstan) Category:Days of the year