Title: November 1 Content: == Events == === Up to 1900 === * 365 - The Alamanni cross the Rhine and invade Gaul. Emperor Valentinian I moves to Paris to command the army and to defend the Gallic tribe. * 996 – First documented mention of Austria. * 1141 - Empress Matilda's reign as "Lady of the English" ends with Stephen of Blois regaining the title King of England. * 1197 - Philip II is crowned King of France. * 1503 - Pope Julius II is elected. * 1512 – The ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, painted by Michelangelo, is exhibited for the first time. * 1520 - Ferdinand Magellan and his crew enter the now-named Magellan Strait, linking the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean, south of mainland South America. It is navigated by November 28. * 1555 - French Huguenots establish the France Antarctique colony near present-day Rio de Janeiro in Brazil. It lasts only 12 years. * 1570 - The All Saints' Day flood devastates the Dutch coast. * 1604 - William Shakespeare's play Othello is performed for the first time at Whitehall Palace, London. * 1611 - William Shakespeare's play The Tempest is performed for the first time at Whitehall Palace, London. * 1683 - The British crown colony of New York is sub-divided into 12 counties. * 1700 - King Charles II of Spain dies at the age of almost 39, sparking the War of the Spanish Succession. * 1755 – A major Earthquake and subsequent Tsunamis hit the city of Lisbon, Portugal, as thousands are killed, and the effects of the earthquake are felt around Europe, Morocco and Algeria. * 1765 - The British Parliament enacts the Stamp Act on the 13 colonies in order to help pay for British military operations in North America. * 1800 - John Adams becomes the first President of the United States to live in the Executive Mansion, which is now known as the White House. * 1805 - Napoleon Bonaparte invades Austria during the War of the Third Coalition. * 1814 - The Congress of Vienna opens to re-draw the political map of Europe after the defeat the defeat of France, following the Napoleonic Wars. * 1848 - The first medical school for women opens in Boston, Massachusetts. * 1859 - The current Cape Lookout lighthouse in North Carolina is lit for the first time. * 1861 - American Civil War: US President Abraham Lincoln appoints George B. McClellan as the commander of the Union Army. * 1876 - The Dutch North Sea canal is opened by William III of the Netherlands. * 1894 – Tsar Nicholas II becomes Tsar of Russia. * 1896 - A picture showing the bare breasts of a woman appears on the covers of National Geographic magazine for the first time. * 1897 - The Library of Congress building in Washington, DC is opened to the public. * 1897 - Juventus F.C. is founded. === 1901 2000 === * 1911 - The first dropping of a bomb from an airplane in combat occurs, during the Italo-Turkish War. * 1914 - World War I: First British Royal Navy defeat of the war with Germany at the Battle of Coronel off the coast of Chile, in the Pacific Ocean. HMS Good Hope and HMS Monmouth are lost. * 1918 – Western Ukraine gains its independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire. * 1922 – The last Ottoman Sultan, Mehmed VI, abdicates. * 1928 - An alphabet reform takes effect in Turkey. * 1939 - The first rabbit born after artificial insemination is exhibited to the world. * 1941 - American photographer Ansel Adams takes an iconic image of moonrise over Hernandez, New Mexico. * 1942 - World War II: The Matanikau Offensive begins in the Guadalcanal Campaign, ending a US victory on November 4. * 1945 - Australia joins the UN. * 1946 - Karol Woityla, the future Pope John Paul II, is ordained as a priest in Krakow, Poland. * 1948 - Off southern Manchuria, China, a Chinese merchant ship explodes and sinks, killing 6,000 people. * 1950 - Puerto Rican nationalists attempt to kill US President Harry S. Truman. * 1952 – Operation Ivy: The United States detonates a large hydrogen bomb at Eniwetok Atoll in the Marshall Islands. It yields the power of 10 megatons. * 1954 – The Algerian War of Independence begins. * 1955 - The bombing of the United Airlines Flight 629 near Longmont, Colorado, kills 44 people. * 1956 – Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and Mysore State (now Karnataka) become states of India. * 1956 - Kanyahurri district is joined to Tamil Nadu, from Kerala. * 1956 - The Springhill Mining Disaster in Nova Scotia kills 39 people. 88 are rescued. * 1957 - The Mackinac Bridge opens to traffic, connecting Michigan's Upper and Lower peninsulas. * 1959 - Montreal Canadiens ice hockey goaltender Jacques Plante wears a protective mask for the first time in an NHL game. * 1963 - A military coup occurs in South Vietnam against Ngo Dinh Diem, who is then killed. * 1970 - A fire at a nightclub in Saint- Laurent-du-Pont, France, kills 146 people. * 1973 – Mysore state is renamed Karnataka. * 1981 – Antigua and Barbuda becomes independent (separate) from the United Kingdom. * 1982 - Honda becomes the first Asian automobile company to produce cars in the US. * 1984 - Anti-Sikh ethnic riots occur in India, following the fatal shooting of Indira Gandhi the previous day. * 1986 – A chemical fire near Basel, Switzerland, pollutes the river Rhine. * 1993 – The Maastricht Treaty enters into force. * 1995 - Peace talks begin in Dayton, Ohio, in order to try to find a solution to the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina. * 1996 - Al-Jazeera begins broadcasting by satellite from Doha, Qatar. * 1998 - The European Court of Human Rights is created in Strasbourg. * 2000 – Serbia joins the UN. * 2000 - The Indian state of Chhattisgarh is created out of parts of eastern Madhya Pradesh. === From 2001 === * 2003 - Jean-Claude Trichet becomes President of the European Central Bank. * 2011 - Mario Draghi becomes President of the European Central Bank. * 2012 - A fuel tank truck crashes and explodes in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, killing 26 people. * 2013 - Senior Pakistani Taliban leader Hakimullah Mehsud is killed by a US drone strike. * 2014 - A massive power outage affects Bangladesh after a failure on the main power supply from India. * 2015 - The English Wikipedia reaches the milestone of 5 million articles. * 2015 - Parliamentary elections in Turkey result in the governing AK Party regaining the majority that it lost nearly five months earlier. * 2016 - Iraqi forces enter the city of Mosul in the battle to recapture it from the self-proclaimed Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant. * 2018 - NASA's Dawn mission finishes after it runs out of fuel. * 2019 - Christine Lagarde becomes President of the European Central Bank. == Births == === Up to 1850 === * 846 – Louis the Stammerer, King of West Francia (d. 879) * 1339 – Duke Rudolf IV of Austria (d. 1365) * 1351 – Duke Leopold III of Austria (d. 1386) * 1500 - Benvenuto Cellini, Italian sculptor (d. 1571) * 1526 - Queen Catherine Jagiellonica of Poland (d. 1583) * 1530 - Etienne de la Poétie, French judge and writer (d. 1563) * 1539 – Pierre Pithou, French lawyer and scholar (d. 1596) * 1549 - Anna of Austria (d. 1580) * 1585 – Jan Brozek, Polish mathematician, physician and astronomer (d. 1652) * 1596 - Pedro da Cortona, Italian architect (d. 1669) * 1607 - Georg Philipp Harsdorffer, German poet (d. 1658) * 1623 - Yongli Emperor of China (d. 1662) * 1625 - Oliver Plunkett, Irish archbishop (d. 1681) * 1666 - James Sherard, English botanist and amateur musician (d. 1738) * 1727 - Ivan Ivanovich Shuvalov, Russian educator (d. 1797) * 1757 - Antonio Canova, Italian artist (d. 1822) * 1762 – Spencer Perceval, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1812) * 1778 – King Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden (d. 1837) * 1781 - Joseph Karl Stieler, German painter (d. 1858) * 1782 – Frederick John Robinson, 1st Viscount Goderich, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1859) * 1808 - John Taylor, American Mormon church leader (d. 1887) * 1814 - Doc Adams, American baseball player (d. 1899) * 1815 - Crawford W. Long, American physician (d. 1878) * 1823 - Lascar Catargiu, Prime Minister of Romania (d. 1899) * 1828 - Santos Acosta, 6th President of Colombia (d. 1901) * 1828 - Balfour Stewart, Scottish physician and meteorologist (d. 1887) * 1831 – Harry Atkinson, Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1892) * 1831 - Eustorgio Salgar, 8th President of Colombia (d. 1885) * 1832 - Richard B. Hubbard, 17th Governor of Texas (d. 1901) * 1838 - Khedrup Gyatso, 11th Dalai Lama (d. 1856) * 1845 - Samuel Teleki, Hungarian politician and explorer (d. 1916) * 1847 - Hiep Hoa, Emperor of Vietnam (d. 1883) * 1847 - Emma Albani, Canadian soprano (d. 1920) * 1849 - William Merritt Chase, American painter (d. 1916) === 1851 1900 === * 1852 - Haninbo Shuei, Japanese professional board game player (d. 1907) * 1855 - Guido Adler, Austrian musicologist (d. 1941) * 1859 - Charles Brantley Aycock, 50th Governor of North Carolina (d. 1912) * 1859 - George W. P. Hunt, 1st Governor of Arizona (d. 1934) * 1862 - Johan Wagenaar, Dutch composer and organist (d. 1941) * 1864 – Grand Duchess Elizabeth Fyodorovna of Russia (d. 1918) * 1871 – Stephen Crane, American writer (d. 1900) * 1878 - Konrad Magi, Estonian painter (d. 1925) * 1878 – Carlos Saavedra Lamas, Argentine politician (d. 1959) * 1879 – Pál Teleki, Hungarian Prime Minister, scientist and scout (d. 1941) * 1880 – Sholom Asch, Polish-American writer (d. 1957) * 1880 – Alfred Wegener, German geologist and meteorologist, proponent of the theory of Continental Drift (d. 1930) * 1885 - Anton Flettner, German inventor (d. 1961) * 1886 - Sakutaro Hagiwara, Japanese poet (d. 1942) * 1886 - Hermann Broch, Austrian writer (d. 1951) * 1887 – L. S. Lowry, English painter (d. 1976) * 1889 – Philip Noel-Baker, Baron Noel-Baker, British politician and peace activist (d. 1982) * 1889 - Hannah Höch, German Dada artist (d. 1978) * 1892 – Alexander Alekhine, Russian chess player (d. 1946) * 1896 - Edmund Blunden, English poet, author and critic (d. 1974) * 1897 - Naomi Mitchison, Scottish novelist and poet (d. 1999) === 1901 1950 === * 1902 – Eugen Jochum, German conductor (d. 1987) * 1902 - Nordahl Grieg, Norwegian poet (d. 1943) * 1903 - Jean Tardieu, French writer (d. 1995) * 1911 – Henri Troyat, French- Armenian writer (d. 2007) * 1919 - Hermann Bondi, Austrian-British mathematician and cosmologist (d. 2005) * 1921 – Ilse Aichinger, Austrian writer (d. 2016) * 1921 - Mario Rigoni Stern, Italian writer (d. 2008) * 1921 - Wadih El Safi, Lebanese singer, songwriter, composer and actor (d. 2013) * 1923 – Victoria de los Angeles, Spanish soprano (d. 2005) * 1923 - Carlos Pies Vilaro, Uruguayan sculptor, writer and composer (d. 2014) * 1924 - Basil Bernstein, British sociologist (d. 2000) * 1924 – Süleyman Demirel, former President of Turkey (d. 2015) * 1925 – Fritz Laband, German footballer (d. 1982) * 1926 – Betsy Palmer, American actress (d. 2015) * 1926 – Lou Donaldson, American musician * 1927 - Marcel Ophüls, French movie maker and director * 1927 - Filippo Maria Pandolfi, Italian politician * 1930 - A. R. Gurney, American dramatist and author (d. 2017) * 1930 - Russ Kemmerer, American baseball player (d. 2014) * 1930 - Edgar Basel, German boxer (d. 1977) * 1931 - Shunsuke Kikuchi, Japanese composer * 1932 - Al Arbour, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2015) * 1932 - Francis Arinze, Nigerian cardinal * 1934 – Umberto Agnelli, Italian industrialist (d. 2004) * 1935 – Gary Player, South African golfer * 1935 - Edward Said, Palestinian-born literary critic (d. 2003) * 1936 - Adarsh Sein Anand, Chief Justice of India (d. 2017) * 1936 - Eddie Colman, English footballer (d. 1958) * 1936 - Katsuhisa Hattori, Japanese composer * 1936 - Shizuka Kamei, Japanese politician * 1939 - Barbara Bosson, American actress * 1939 - Bernard Kouchner, French politician * 1940 – Barry Sadler, American writer and songwriter (d. 1989) * 1940 - Ramesh Chandra Lahoti, 35th Chief Justice of India * 1940 - Bruce Grocott, Baron Grocott, English academic and politician * 1941 – Alfio Basile, Argentine football coach * 1941 - Joe Caldwell, American basketball player * 1942 – Marcia Wallace, American actress (d. 2013) * 1942 - Larry Flynt, American magazine publisher * 1942 - Ralph Klein, 12th Premier of Alberta (d. 2013) * 1943 - Salvatore Adamo, Italian-Belgian singer-songwriter * 1944 - Mike Burney, English jazz saxophonist (d. 2014) * 1944 – Rafik Hariri, Lebanese businessman and politician (d. 2005) * 1944 – Oscar Temaru, French Polynesian politician * 1945 - Narendra Dabholkar, Indian writer (d. 2013) * 1946 - Ric Grech, English-French bass player (d. 1990) * 1946 - Yuko Shimizu, Japanese graphic designer * 1947 - Bob Weston, English guitarist (Fleetwood Mac) (d. 2012) * 1948 - Amani Abeed Karume, Zanzibar politician * 1949 – Bernhard Cullmann, German footballer * 1949 - Michael D. Griffin, American NASA executive * 1950 – Robert B. Laughlin, American physicist * 1950 – Dan Peek, American singer and musician (d. 2011) * 1950 - Mitch Kapor, American computer programmer and businessman === 1951 1975 === * 1953 - Jan Davis, American astronaut * 1953 - Darrell Issa, American politician * 1957 – Lyle Lovett, American singer * 1958 - Mark Austin, English journalist * 1960 - Tim Cook, American CEO of Apple Inc. * 1960 - Fernando Valenzuela, Mexican baseball player * 1962 – Magne Furuholmen, Norwegian musician (a-ha) * 1962 – Sharron Davies, British swimmer and broadcaster * 1962 – Anthony Kiedis, American singer (Red Hot Chili Peppers) * 1963 – Rick Allen, British musician (Def Leppard) * 1963 – Kenny Alphin, American musician * 1963 – Mark Hughes, Welsh footballer * 1964 - Sophie B. Hawkins, American singer * 1964 - Daran Norris, American actor * 1964 - Kerry Peers, Welsh actress * 1966 - Barbara Becker, German actress and model * 1966 - Jeremy Hunt, British politician * 1967 - Tina Arena, Italian-Australian singer * 1970 - Igor Cvitanovic, Croatian footballer * 1972 – Paul Dickov, Scottish footballer * 1972 – Toni Collette, Australian actress and singer * 1972 - Jenny McCarthy, American actress, model and anti-vaccine campaigner * 1973 – Aishwarya Rai, Indian actress and model * 1973 - Assia, Algerian singer * 1974 - Emma George, Australian pole vaulter * 1975 - Bo Rice, American singer * 1975 – Megan Wing, Canadian figure skater === From 1976 === * 1976 - Logan Marshall-Green, American actor * 1976 - Chad Lindberg, American actor * 1978 - Helen Czerski, English physicist, oceanographer and television presenter * 1979 – Luis Delgado, Angolan footballer * 1979 – Milan Dudic, Serbian footballer * 1981 - LaTavia Roberson, American singer-songwriter * 1983 - Yuko Ogura, Japanese model * 1983 - Vaclav Sverkos, Czech footballer * 1983 – Natalia Tena, British actress * 1984 - Macnelly Torres, Colombian footballer * 1984 - Milos Krasic, Serbian footballer * 1986 – Penn Badgley, American actor * 1986 - Ksenija Balta, Estonian high jumper, sprinter and heptathlete * 1987 - Saori Ariyoshi, Japanese footballer * 1987 - Ileana D'Cruz, Indian movie actress * 1988 - Scott Arfield, Scottish-Canadian footballer * 1988 - Ai Fukuhara, Japanese table tennis player * 1988 - Masahiro Tanaka, Japanese baseball player * 1989 - Gabriela Koukalová, Czech biathlete * 1991 - Jiang Yuyuan, Chinese gymnast * 1995 - Margarita Mamun, Russian gymnast * 1996 - Lil Peep, American singer and rapper (d. 2017) * 1997 - Alex Wolff, American actor and singer == Deaths == === Up to 1900 === * 921 - Richard, Duke of Burgundy * 955 - Henry I, Duke of Bavaria * 987 - Harald Bluetooth, Danish king (b. 910) * 1112 – Henry, Duke of Portugal (b. 1069) * 1296 - Guillaume Durand, French writer (b. 1230) * 1391 – Amadeus VII of Savoy (b. 1360) * 1399 - John V, Duke of Brittany (b. 1339) * 1461 - David of Trebizond, Emperor of Trebizond * 1596 – Pierre Pithou, French lawyer and scholar (b. 1539) * 1642 - Jean Nicolet, French explorer (b. 1598) * 1676 - Gisbertus Voetius, Dutch minister and theologian (b. 1589) * 1678 – William Coddington, 1st Governor of Rhode Island (b. 1601) * 1700 – King Charles II of Spain (b. 1661) * 1814 - Alexander Samoylov, Russian general and statesman (b. 1744) * 1818 - Marie-Gabrielle Capet, French painter (b. 1761) * 1877 - Friedrich Graf von Wrangel, Prussian field marshal (b. 1784) * 1888 - Nikolai Przhevalsky, Russian explorer (b. 1838) * 1894 – Tsar Alexander III of Russia (b. 1845) === 1901 2000 === * 1903 – Theodor Mommsen, German writer and historian (b. 1817) * 1907 - Alfred Jarry, French writer (b. 1873) * 1922 - Alva Adams, Governor of Colorado (b. 1850) * 1942 – Hugo Distler, German composer (b. 1908) * 1952 – Dixie Lee, American actress, dancer and singer (b. 1911) * 1955 – Dale Carnegie, American writer (b. 1888) * 1956 – Pietro Badoglio, Italian military officer and politician (b. 1871) * 1963 – Ngo Dinh Diem, President of South Vietnam (b. 1901) * 1968 – George Papandreou, Greek politician (b. 1888) * 1972 – Ezra Pound, American poet (b. 1885) * 1977 - Franco Albini, Italian architect and designer (b. 1905) * 1979 – Mamie Eisenhower, First Lady of the United States (b. 1896) * 1982 - King Vidor, American movie director (b. 1894) * 1982 - James Broderick, American actor (b. 1927) * 1985 - Phil Silvers, American actor and comedian (b. 1911) * 1987 – René Lévesque, Canadian politician (b. 1922) * 1993 – Severo Ochoa, Spanish biochemist (b. 1905) * 1994 - Noah Beery, Jr., American actor (b. 1913) * 1996 – J.R. Jayewardene, Sri Lankan politician (b. 1906) * 2000 - George Armstrong, English footballer (b 1944) === From 2001 === * 2001 - Juan Bosch, President of the Dominican Republic (b. 1909) * 2003 - Xela Arias, Galician poet and translator (b. 1962) * 2003 - Daishiro Yoshimura, Japanese footballer (b. 1947) * 2006 – William Styron, American writer (b. 1925) * 2007 – Paul Tibbets, American Air Force Brigadier General (b. 1915) * 2008 – Jacques Piccard, underwater explorer and scientist (b. 1922) * 2008 – Yma Sumac, Peruvian singer and actress (b. 1922) * 2010 – Ed Litzenberger, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1932) * 2011 - Dorothy Howell Rodham, mother of Hillary Clinton (b. 1919) * 2012 - Gae Aulenti, Italian architect and designer (b. 1927) * 2012 - Agustín García Calvo, Spanish philologist, philosopher, poet and playwright (b. 1926) * 2012 - Mitch Lucker, American musician (b. 1984) * 2013 - Hakimullah Mehsud, Pakistan Taliban leader (born around 1978) * 2013 - John Y. McCollister, American politician (b. 1921) * 2014 - Joel Barnett, Baron Barnett, English politician (b. 1923) * 2014 - Jean-Pierre Roy, Canadian baseball player (b. 1920) * 2014 - Gustau Biosca, Spanish footballer (b. 1928) * 2014 - Thomas W. Sneddon, Jr., American attorney (b. 1941) * 2014 - Wayne Static, American musician (b. 1965) * 2014 - Brittany Maynard, American activist for assisted suicide (b. 1984) * 2015 - Günter Schabowski, German politician (b. 1929) * 2015 - Fred Thompson, American politician and actor (b. 1942) * 2015 - Charles Duncan Michener, American entomologist (b. 1918) * 2016 - Tina Anselmi, Italian politician (b. 1927) * 2017 - Brad Bufanda, American actor (b. 1983) * 2017 - Vladimir Makanin, Russian writer (b. 1937) * 2018 - Carlo Giuffrè, Italian actor and stage director (b. 1928) * 2018 - Theodor Hoffmann, German admiral (b. 1935) * 2018 - Mariano Rajoy Sobredo, Spanish judge (b. 1921) * 2018 - Ken Swofford, American actor (b. 1933) * 2018 - Robert F. Taft, American Jesuit priest (b. 1932) * 2018 - Yurik Vardanyan, Soviet-Armenian weightlifter (b. 1956) * 2019 - Rudy Boesch, American Navy SEAL (b. 1928) * 2019 - Rina Lazo, Guatemalan-Mexican artist (b. 1923) == Holidays == * All Saints' Day Christian Holiday * Independence Day (Antigua and Barbuda) * National Holiday (Algeria) * Foundation Day (Kerala, Karnataka) * Day of the Leaders of the Bulgarian National Revival * World Vegan Day November 01