Title: November 16 Content: == Events == === Up to 1950 === * 1272 - Edward I of England becomes King while fighting in the Ninth Crusade. * 1532 – Inca ruler Atahualpa is captured by Spanish Conquistadors. * 1632 – Thirty Years' War: Swedish troops defeat an imperial army under Albrecht von Wallenstein, but lose their king, Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden. * 1776 - American Revolutionary War: British and Hessian units capture Fort Washington from the patriots. * 1776 - The United Provinces (Low Countries) recognize US independence. * 1793 - Reign of Terror: 90 anti- republican Roman Catholic priests are executed by drowning in Nantes, France. * 1797 - Frederick William III of Prussia becomes King. * 1849 – A Russian court sentences Fyodor Dostoevsky to death for anti-government activities linked to a radical intellectual group; his execution is canceled at the last minute. * 1855 – David Livingstone becomes the first European to reach Victoria Falls. * 1857 - 24 Victoria Crosses are given in one day, a record that still stands. * 1863 - American Civil War: The Battle of Campbell's Station is fought near Knoxville, Tennessee. * 1869 - The Suez Canal is opened to shipping. * 1885 - Canadian rebel leader Louis Riel is executed for treason. * 1896 – First transmission of electrical power between two cities was sent from Niagara Falls to industries in Buffalo, New York. * 1904 – John Ambrose Fleming invents the vacuum tube. * 1907 – Indian Territory and Oklahoma Territory become Oklahoma and are admitted as the 46th U.S. state. * 1907 - RMS Mauretania is launched by the Cunard Line. The ship sets sail on its first voyage from Liverpool to New York City. * 1914 – The Federal Reserve System in the United States officially starts business. * 1915 - The characterised Coca-Cola bottle is patented in the United States. * 1920 - Australian airline Qantas is founded as the Queensland and Northern Territory Aerial Services Limited. * 1933 – The United States and the Soviet Union establish formal diplomatic relations. * 1933 - American Jimmie Angel re- discovers Angel Falls in Venezuela. * 1940 – World War II: In response to Germany leveling Coventry two days before, the Royal Air Force bombs Hamburg. * 1944 - World War II: The German city of Düren is destroyed by Allied bombing. * 1945 – UNESCO is founded. === From 1951 === * 1957 – Serial killer Ed Gein murders his last victim, Bernice Worden. * 1959 - The Sound of Music opens on Broadway, New York. * 1965 – The Soviet Venera 3 probe is launched to the planet Venus. * 1970 – Hafez al-Assad comes to power in Syria. * 1973 - NASA launches Skylab 4 with three astronauts on board for an 84-day mission, from Cape Canaveral, Florida. * 1973 - US President Richard Nixon signs the Trans-Alaska Pipeline Authorization Act into law, allowing for building work to begin on the Trans-Alaska oil Pipeline. * 1979 - The first line of the Bucharest Metro is opened. * 1980 - An explosion at a military base in Bangkok, Thailand kills 38 people. * 1988 – The Supreme Soviet of the Estonian SSR declares that the Estonia was "sovereign" but stopped short of declaring independence. * 1988 – In the first open election in more than a decade, voters in Pakistan choose Benazir Bhutto to be Prime Minister. * 1993 – Guyana joins the UN. * 1994 - Emomalii Rahmon becomes President of Tajikistan. * 1996 – Mother Teresa receives honorary US citizenship. * 1997 - After 18 years of imprisonment, the People's Republic of China releases activist Wei Jingsheng for medical reasons. * 2000 – Bill Clinton becomes the first current US President to visit Vietnam. * 2006 – Rioting occurs in Nuku'alofa, Tonga. * 2013 - Sachin Tendulkar, one of most famous cricketers in the world, retires from playing cricket after his last test match (India v. West Indies). * 2017 - Cambodia's highest court declares the main opposition party illegal. * 2018 - After several resignations in the British cabinet over Brexit, Stephen Barclay is appointed Brexit Secretary and former Home Secretary Amber Rudd becomes Work and Pensions Secretary. * 2019 - Gotabaya Rajapaksa is elected President of Sri Lanka. == Births == === Up to 1900 === * 42 BC – Tiberius, Roman Emperor (d. 37) * 1436 - Leonardo Loredan, Doge of Venice (d. 1521) * 1569 - Paul Sartorius, German composer and organist (d. 1609) * 1643 - Jean Chardin, French explorer (d. 1703) * 1717 – Jean le Rond d'Alembert, French mathematician (d. 1793) * 1720 - Carlo Antonio Campioni, Italian composer (d. 1788) * 1753 - James McHenry, American statesman (d. 1816) * 1766 - Rodolphe Kreutzer, French violinist (d. 1831) * 1807 – Jónas Hallgrímsson, Icelandic poet (d. 1845) * 1823 - Henry G. Davis, United States Senator (d. 1916) * 1827 - Charles Eliot Norton, American scholar (d. 1908) * 1835 - Eugenio Beltrami, Italian mathematician (d. 1900) * 1836 – David Kalakaua, King of Hawaii (d. 1891) * 1839 - Louis-Honoré Fréchette, Canadian poet, author and politician (d. 1908) * 1841 - Jules Violle, French physicist (d. 1923) * 1847 - Edmund James Flynn, 10th Premier of Quebec (d. 1927) * 1850 - Federico Errázuriz Echaurren, President of Chile (d. 1901) * 1851 - Minnie Hauk, American soprano (d. 1929) * 1855 – Tommaso Tittoni, Italian Prime Minister (d. 1931) * 1857 – Jón Sveinsson, Icelandic writer (d. 1944) * 1873 – W. C. Handy, American blues musician (d. 1958) * 1874 - Alexander Kolchak, Russian explorer and politician (d. 1920) * 1880 - Alexander Blok, Russian poet (d. 1921) * 1883 - Emil Breitkreutz, American runner (d. 1972) * 1886 - Arthur B. Krock, American political journalist (d. 1974) * 1889 - George Kaufman, American playwright (d. 1961) * 1890 – Elpidio Quirino, President of the Philippines (d. 1956) * 1891 - Julius Leber, German politician and Resistance activist (d. 1945) * 1892 - Guo Moruo, Chinese poet, author and historian (d. 1978) * 1895 – Paul Hindemith, German composer (d. 1963) * 1896 – Pavel Alexandrov, Russian mathematician (d. 1982) * 1896 - Joan Lindsay, Australian novelist, playwright, essayist and visual artist (d. 1984) * 1896 – Oswald Mosley, British fascist politician (d. 1980) * 1896 - Lawrence Tibbett, American baritone (d. 1960) * 1897 – Choudhary Rahmat Ali, Pakistani student (d. 1951) * 1898 – Warren McCulloch, American neuropsychologist (d. 1969) === 1901 1950 === * 1901 – Ernest Nagel, Czech philosopher (d. 1985) * 1904 – Nnamdi Azikiwe, first President of Nigeria (d. 1996) * 1905 – Eddie Condon, American jazz musician (d. 1973) * 1907 – Burgess Meredith, American actor (d. 1997) * 1908 – Soeur Emmanuelle, French-Belgian nun (d. 2008) * 1909 - Maurizio Valenzi, Italian politician (d. 2009) * 1913 - Ellen Albertini Dow, American actress (d. 2015) * 1915 - Jean Fritz, American writer (d. 2017) * 1916 - Daws Butler, American voice actor (d. 1988) * 1916 - Al Lucas, Canadian jazz musician (d. 1983) * 1921 - Edmondo Fabbri, Italian footballer (d. 1995) * 1922 – José Saramago, Portuguese writer (d. 2010) * 1922 - Gene Amdahl, American computer scientist, physicist and engineer (d. 2015) * 1924 - Mel Patton, American athlete (d. 2014) * 1925 - Gianfranco Dell'Innocenti, Italian footballer (d. 2012) * 1930 – Chinua Achebe, Nigerian novelist, poet and academic (d. 2013) * 1930 - Salvatore Riina, Italian mafia boss (d. 2017) * 1931 - Hubert Sumlin, American blues musician (d. 2011) * 1935 – Muhammad Hussein Fadlallah, Iraqi-Lebanese spiritual leader (d. 2010) * 1935 – France- Albert René, former President of the Seychelles (d. 2019) * 1935 - Elizabeth Drew, American journalist * 1935 - Magdi Yacoub, Egyptian heart surgeon * 1937 - Lothar Spaeth, German politician (d. 2016) * 1938 – Robert Nozick, American philosopher (d. 2002) * 1940 - Donna McKechnie, American actress, singer and dancer * 1942 – Willie Carson, Scottish jockey * 1942 - Chi Coltrane, American musician and singer * 1946 – Wolfgang Kleff, German footballer * 1946 - Terence McKenna, American philosopher (d. 2000) * 1946 - Ole Olsen, Danish speedway rider * 1946 - Colin Burgess, Australian drummer * 1948 – Arie Haan, Dutch footballer * 1948 - Norbert Lammert, German politician * 1948 - Bonnie Greer, American playwright and critic * 1950 - David Leisure, American actor * 1950 - David Wilson-Johnson, English operatic baritone === 1951 1975 === * 1951 - Miguel Sandoval, American actor * 1952 – Shigeru Miyamoto, Japanese video game creator (Nintendo) * 1952 - Sam Watson, Australian indigenous activist, politician and writer (d. 2019) * 1952 - Piero Falchetta, Italian archivist, essayist and translator * 1953 – Griff Rhys Jones, Welsh actor, comedian and writer * 1953 - Brigitte Zypries, German politician * 1954 - Luis Conte, Cuban drummer * 1955 - Héctor Cúper, Argentine footballer and coach * 1957 - Rafael Amador, Mexican footballer * 1957 - Jacques Gamblin, French actor * 1958 - Sooronbay Jeenbekov, President of Kyrgyzstan * 1958 – Marg Helgenberger, American actress * 1961 – Frank Bruno, British boxer * 1961 - Corinne Hermès, French singer * 1962 - Gary Mounfield (Mani), English musician * 1962 - Darwyn Cooke, Canadian comic writer (d. 2016) * 1962 - Josh Silver, American musician * 1963 – Zina Garrison, American tennis player * 1964 – Valeria Bruni Tedeschi, Italian actress * 1964 - Luciano Floridi, Italian philosopher * 1964 - Dwight Gooden, American baseball player * 1964 – Diana Krall, Canadian jazz singer * 1964 - Maeve Quinlan, American actress * 1965 - Mika Aaltonen, Finnish footballer * 1965 - Mark Benton, English actor * 1966 - Joey Cape, American singer, songwriter, guitarist and producer * 1966 - Christian Lorenz, German musician * 1967 – Lisa Bonet, American actress * 1968 - Shobha Nagi Reddy, Indian politician (d. 2014) * 1970 - Martha Plimpton, American actress * 1971 - Alexander Popov, Russian swimmer * 1971 - Waqar Younis, Pakistani cricketer * 1972 - Michael Irby, American actor * 1972 - Missi Pyle, American actress * 1973 - Christian Horner, British Formula One team principal * 1974 – Paul Scholes, English footballer * 1974 - Brooke Elliott, American actress and singer * 1974 - Maurizio Margaglio, Italian ice dancer === From 1976 === * 1976 – Danny Wallace, British writer * 1977 – Maggie Gyllenhaal, American actress * 1977 – Oksana Baiul, Ukrainian figure skater * 1978 – Gary Naysmith, Scottish footballer * 1979 – Bruce Irons, American surfer * 1980 – Osi Umeniyora, American football player * 1981 – Allison Crowe, Canadian singer-songwriter * 1981 – Caitlin Glass, American voice actress, singer and director * 1981 – Kate Miller-Heidke, Australian singer-songwriter * 1982 – Amar'e Stoudemire, American basketball player * 1983 – Kari Lehtonen, Finnish ice hockey player * 1983 – Britta Steffen, German swimmer * 1983 – Victor Vazquez, American musician and artist * 1984 – Kimberly J. Brown, American actress * 1985 - Sanna Marin, Finnish politician, Prime Minister of Finland * 1985 – Saori Yamamoto, Japanese model * 1986 – Saeko, Japanese actress * 1986 – Maxime Médard, French rugby player * 1986 – Aleksey Kozlov, Russian footballer * 1987 – Vicky Pattison, British television personality * 1988 – Siva Kaneswaran, British singer (The Wanted) * 1989 – Vicki Adams, Scottish curler * 1991 – Tomomi Kasai, Japanese actress and singer (AKB48) * 1993 – Pete Davidson, American comedian and actor * 1995 – Noah Gray-Cabey, American actor and pianist == Deaths == === Up to 1900 === * 498 - Pope Anastasius II * 1093 – Saint Margaret, Queen Consort of Scotland, wife of King Malcolm III, mother of Kings Alexander I, David I and Edgar (b. 1045) * 1240 - Edmund Rich, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1175) * 1272 – Henry III, King of England (b. 1207) * 1328 - Prince Hisaaki, Japanese shogun (b. 1276) * 1632 – King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden (b. 1594) (killed in battle) * 1672 - Heinrich Schuetz, German composer (b. 1585) * 1724 - Jack Sheppard, English highwayman (b. 1702) * 1779 - Pehr Kalm, Finnish explorer and naturalist (b. 1716) * 1790 - Daniel of St. Thomas Jenifer, American Continental Congressman (b. 1723) * 1797 – Frederick William II of Prussia (b. 1744) * 1802 - André Michaux, French botanist (b. 1746) * 1806 - Moses Claeveland, American lawyer and surveyor (b. 1754) * 1878 - Princess Marie of Hesse and by Rhine (b. 1874) * 1885 - Louis Riel, Canadian political activist (b. 1844) === 1901 2000 === * 1907 - Robert I, Duke of Parma (b. 1848) * 1908 - Henri-Gustave de Lotbinière, 4th Premier of Quebec (b. 1829) * 1911 - A. A. Ames, American politician (b. 1842) * 1911 - Lawrence Feuerbach, American athlete (b. 1879) * 1912 - William Larrabee, 13th Governor of Iowa (b. 1832) * 1922 – Max Abraham, German physicist (b. 1875) * 1934 – Carl von Linde, German inventor and engineer (b. 1842) * 1941 - Eduard Ellman-Eelma, Estonian footballer (b. 1902) * 1945 – Sigurdur Eggerz, Prime Minister of Iceland (b. 1875) * 1947 - Giuseppe Volpi, Italian businessman and politician (b. 1877) * 1950 - Bob Smith, American physician and surgeon (b. 1879) * 1956 - Otori Tanigoro, Japanese sumo wrestler (b. 1887) * 1960 - Gilbert Harding, English television personality (b. 1907) * 1960 – Clark Gable, American actor (b. 1901) * 1961 – Sam Rayburn, American Speaker of the House (b. 1882) * 1965 – W. T. Cosgrave, Irish Taoiseach (b. 1880) * 1971 – Edie Sedgwick, American actress (b. 1943) * 1972 - Vera Karalli, Russian ballerina and actress (b. 1889) * 1973 - Alan Watts, English writer and philosopher (b. 1915) * 1974 - Walther Meissner, German technical physicist (b. 1882) * 1980 - Jayan, Indian actor (b. 1938) * 1982 - Pavel Sergeevich Alexandrov, Russian mathematician (b. 1896) * 1985 - Omayra Sanchez, Colombian girl, high-profile victim of the Nevado del Ruiz volcanic eruption (b. 1972) * 1986 - Siobhan McKenna, Irish actress (b. 1923) * 1993 - Lucia Popp, Slovakian soprano (b. 1939) * 1999 – Daniel Nathans, American microbiologist (b. 1928) * 2000 - Russ Conway, British pianist, composer and singer (b. 1925) * 2000 - DJ Screw, American hiphop DJ (b. 1971) === From 2001 === * 2004 - Margaret Hassan, Irish aid worker (b. 1945) * 2005 – Henry Taube, Canadian-born chemist (b. 1915) * 2006 – Milton Friedman, American economist (b. 1912) * 2008 – Reg Varney, British actor (b. 1916) * 2009 – Edward Woodward, British actor (b. 1930) * 2009 – Antonio de Nigris, Mexican footballer (b. 1978) * 2012 - Aliu Mahama, Ghanaian politician (b. 1946) * 2014 - Peter Kassig, American aid worker (b. 1988) * 2014 - Kim Ja-ok, South Korean actress (b. 1951) * 2014 - Sik Kok Kwong, Hong Kong Buddhist monk (b. 1919) * 2014 - Jadwiga Pilsudska, Polish pilot (b. 1920) * 2014 - Carl Sanders, American politician, Governor of Georgia (b. 1925) * 2014 - Serge Moscovici, French psychologist (b. 1925) * 2015 - Nando Gazzolo, Italian actor (b. 1928) * 2015 - David Canary, American actor (b. 1938) * 2015 - Michael C. Gross, American graphic designer (b. 1945) * 2015 - Bert Olmstead, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1926) * 2016 - Melvin Laird, American politician, United States Secretary of Defense (b. 1922) * 2016 - Jay Wright Forrester, American computer technology pioneer (b. 1918) * 2017 - Tobias Enverga, Filipino-Canadian politician (b. 1955) * 2017 - Robert Hirsch, French comedian and actor (b. 1925) * 2017 - Franciszek Kornicki, Polish fighter pilot (b. 1916) * 2017 - Erik Meijs, Dutch badminton player (b. 1991) * 2017 - Hiromi Tsuru, Japanese voice actress (b. 1960) * 2017 - Ann Wedgeworth, American actress (b. 1934) * 2017 - Adalberto Giazotto, Italian physicist (b. 1940) * 2018 - Scott English, American songwriter (b. 1937) * 2018 - Pablo Ferro, Cuban-American graphic movie title designer (b. 1935) * 2018 - William Goldman, American screenwriter (b. 1931) * 2018 - Hiromasa Yonekura, Japanese businessman (b. 1937) * 2019 - John Campbell Brown, Scottish astronomer (b. 1947) * 2019 - Zeng Guoyuan, Singaporean businessman and politician (b. 1953) * 2019 - Diane Loeffler, American politician (b. 1953) * 2019 - Terry O'Neill, British photographer (b. 1938) == Observances == * Icelandic Language Day * International Day of Tolerance * Day of Declaration of Sovereignty (Estonia) Category:Days of the year