Title: September 12 Content: == Events == === Up to 1900 === * 1185 Byzantine Emperor Andronikos I Komnenos is brutally put to death in Constantinople. * 1309 First Siege of Gibraltar during the Spanish Reconquista. * 1556 Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor gives up the throne for his brother, Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor. * 1609 Henry Hudson explores the Hudson River. * 1683 Battle of Kahlenberg: Forces of John III Sobieski of Poland surprise Ottoman Empire forces under Kara Mustafa, defeating them decisively. * 1689 Tsar Peter I of Russia assumes absolute power. * 1814 War of 1812: Battle of North Point - An American detachment halts the British land advance to Baltimore, Maryland. * 1847 Mexican-American War: The Battle of Chapultepec begins. * 1848 Switzerland becomes a federal state. * 1857 The ship SS America sinks about 160 miles off Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, with 426 people drowning. It was carrying gold from the California Gold Rush * 1861 American Civil War: Battle of Cheat Pike in Virginia. * 1885 Arbroath F.C. 36-0 Bon Accord: This scoreline in Scotland is the highest-recorded in professional football. * 1890 Salisbury, Rhodesia (now Harare, Zimbabwe) is founded. === 1901 2000 === * 1905 Japanese battleship Mikasa sinks after a munitions explosion. Out of the 935 men on board, 256 are killed and 343 injured. * 1905 Copenhagen town hall is inaugurated in Denmark. * 1906 Newport Transporter Bridge is opened in Newport, south Wales. * 1910 First performance of Gustav Mahler's Symphony Number 8, in Munich. * 1918 British passenger ship Galway Castle is torpedoed by a German U-boat off Land's End, Cornwall, England, killing 143 people. * 1920 The 1920 Summer Olympics in Antwerp begins. * 1928 A hurricane in Guadeloupe kills 1,200 people. * 1933 Leó Szilárd has the idea of a nuclear chain reaction. * 1940 World-famous cave paintings are discovered in the Lascaux in southern France. * 1940 An explosion at the Hercules Powder Company plant in Kenil, New Jersey kills 51 and injures over 200. * 1942 World War II: RMS Laconia, carrying civilians, Allied soldiers, and Italian POWs, is torpedoed off the coast of West Africa, with a heavy loss of life. * 1942 World War II: First Day of the Battle of Edson's Ridge during the Guadalcanal Campaign. US Marines protecting Henderson Field in Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands, are attacked by Imperial Japanese forces. * 1943 World War II: Benito Mussolini is rescued from house arrest on the Gran Sasso in Abruzzi, led by German commandos under Otto Skorzeny. * 1944 World War II: American troops enter Germany near Trier. * 1948 Invasion of the State of Hyderabad by the Indian army on the day after the death of Pakistan's leader Muhammad Ali Jinnah. * 1949 Theodor Heuss becomes the 1st President of the Federal Republic of Germany. * 1953 John F. Kennedy marries Jacqueline Lee Bouvier in Newport, Rhode Island. * 1958 Jack Kilby demonstrates the first integrated circuit. * 1959 Showing of the first episode of Bonanza, first regularly scheduled television programme presented in colour. * 1959 The Soviet Union launches the Lunik II rocket. * 1959 Heinrich Lübke becomes the 2nd President of the Federal Republic of Germany. * 1961 The African and Malagasy Union is founded. * 1964 The Canyonlands National Park in Utah is created. * 1966 Gemini 11, of NASA's Gemini program, is launched. * 1970 Palestinian terrorists blow up three hijacked airliners in Jordan. Passengers are held at secret locations in the capital city, Amman. * 1974 Ethiopian Emperor Haile Selassie I is deposed in a military coup. * 1977 Anti-Apartheid activist Steve Biko dies in police custody. * 1979 Indonesia is struck by a magnitude 8.1 earthquake. * 1980 A military coup occurs in Turkey. * 1988 Hurricane Gilbert hits Jamaica. * 1990 The Faroe Islands national football team scores a surprise 1-0 win over the Austria national football team. The Faroese players are celebrated as heroes after their return home from the match. * 1990 East Germany's national football team plays its last- ever match, winning 2-0 against the Belgium national football team. * 1992 NASA's Space Shuttle Endeavour is launched on the STS-47 mission. On board are Mae Carol Jemison (first African American woman in space), Mamoru Mohri (first Japanese citizen on a US spaceship), and Mark Lee and Jan Davis (first married couple in space). * 1992 Shining Path leader Abimael Guzman is arrested in Peru, by special forces. * 1994 Frank Eugene Corder crashes a single-engine Cessna 150 light aircraft into the West Wing of the White House in Washington, DC, killing himself. * 1999 Indonesia announces it will allow international peacekeepers into East Timor. === From 2001 === * 2003 The UN lifts sanctions against Libya. * 2003 US Forces mistakenly shoot and kill eight Iraqi police officers in Fallujah. * 2005 Hong Kong Disneyland opens. * 2007 Former President of the Philippines Joseph Estrada is convicted of plunder. * 2008 The Chatsworth train collision occurs in Los Angeles, California, between a Metrolink commerce train and a Union Pacific Freight train, killing 25 people. * 2011 About 100 people are killed by an oil pipeline explosion in Nairobi, Kenya. * 2011 Russian ice hockey player Alexander Galimov dies, as the 44th, and final, victim of the Lokomotiv Yaroslavl plane crash, which occurred on September 7. The whole team was killed. * 2015 Jeremy Corbyn is elected leader of the British Labour Party. * 2015 An explosion in Petlawad in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh kills at least 105 people. * 2018 The European Parliament votes by a two-thirds majority to trigger possible sanctions (punishments) against the government of Hungary, over issues of democracy, human rights, judicial freedom and journalistic freedom. == Births == === Up to 1900 === * 1492 Lorenzo II de' Medici, Duke of Urbino (d. 1519) * 1494 King Francis I of France (d. 1547) * 1575 Henry Hudson, English explorer (d. 1611) * 1605 William Dugdale, English antiquarian (d. 1686) * 1649 Giuseppe Maria Tomasi, Italian cardinal (d. 1713) * 1652 Frederick Charles, Duke of Württemberg-Winnental (d. 1697) * 1688 Ferdinand Brokoff, Czech sculptor (d. 1731) * 1690 Peter Dens, Belgian Catholic theologian (d. 1775) * 1725 Guillaume Le Gentil, French astronomer (d. 1792) * 1736 Hsinbyushin, King of Burma (d. 1776) * 1740 Johann Heinrich Jung, German writer (d. 1817) * 1759 Maximilian von Montgelas, Bavarian politician (d. 1838) * 1768 Benjamin Carr, American composer, singer, teacher and publisher (d. 1831) * 1800 Pierre Charles Fournier de Saint-Amant, French chess player (d. 1872) * 1812 Richard Hoe, American inventor and industrialist (d. 1886) * 1818 Richard Gatling, American weapons inventor (d. 1903) * 1818 Theodor Kullak, German pianist and composer (d. 1915) * 1829 Anselm Feuerbach, German painter (d. 1880) * 1830 William Sprague, 72nd Governor of Rhode Island (d. 1915) * 1837 Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse (d. 1892) * 1838 Arthur Auwers, German astronomer (d. 1915) * 1852 H. H. Asquith, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1928) * 1855 William Sharp, Scottish writer (d. 1905) * 1855 Simon-Napoleon Parent, 12th Premier of Quebec (d. 1920) * 1857 Manuel Espinosa Batista, Panamanian politician and businessman (d. 1919) * 1857 George Hendrik Breitner, Dutch painter (d. 1923) * 1865 Sophus Claussen, Danish writer (d. 1931) * 1866 Freeman Freeman-Thompson, 1st Marquess of Willingdon, 13th Governor General of Canada (d. 1941) * 1875 Matsunosuke Onoe, Japanese actor (d. 1926) * 1880 H. L. Mencken, American journalist and writer (d. 1956) * 1885 Heinrich Hoffmann, German photographer (d. 1957) * 1887 Yusif Vazir Chamanzaminli, Azerbaijani writer and statesman (d. 1943) * 1888 Maurice Chevalier, French singer and actor (d. 1972) * 1889 Ugo Pasquale Mifsud, 3rd Prime Minister of Malta (d. 1942) * 1891 Don Pedro Albizu Campos, advocate for Puerto Rican independence (d. 1965) * 1891 Fred Kelly, American athlete (d. 1974) * 1891 Arthur Hays Sulzberger, American publisher (d. 1968) * 1892 Alfred A. Knopf, American publisher (d. 1984) * 1894 Friedrich Ebert, Jr., German politician (d. 1979) * 1894 Billy Gilbert, American actor and composer (d. 1971) * 1897 Irène Joliot- Curie, French physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry (d. 1956) * 1898 Salvador Bacarisse, Spanish composer (d. 1963) === 1901 1950 === * 1901 Ben Blue, Canadian actor and comedian (d. 1975) * 1901 Shmuel Horowitz, Russian-Israeli agronomist (d. 1999) * 1902 Juscelino Kubitschek de Oliveira, President of Brazil (d. 1976) * 1904 Gavriil Popov, Russian composer (d. 1972) * 1904 Istvan Horthy, Hungarian admiral (d. 1942) * 1907 Roger Bonvin, Swiss Federal Councillor (d. 1982) * 1912 Frances Lennon, English artist (d. 2015) * 1913 Jesse Owens, American athlete, four-time Olympic champion (d. 1980) * 1913 Eiji Toyoda, Japanese industrialist (d. 2013) * 1914 Desmond Llewelyn, Welsh actor (d. 1999) * 1915 Frank McGee, American journalist (d. 1974) * 1916 Tony Bettenhausen, American race car driver (d. 1961) * 1921 Stanislaw Lem, Polish writer (d. 2006) * 1922 Antonio Cafiero, Argentine politician (d. 2014) * 1924 Amilcar Cabral, Cape Verdean-Guinea-Bissauan politician (d. 1973) * 1925 Stan Lopata, American baseball player (d. 2013) * 1925 Dickie Moore, American actor (d. 2015) * 1927 Mathé Altéry, French soprano and actress * 1928 Ernie Vandeweghe, American basketball player (d. 2014) * 1930 Gunder Gundersen, Norwegian skier (d. 2005) * 1930 Akira Suzuki, Japanese chemist * 1931 Sir Ian Holm, English actor * 1931 George Jones, American singer (d. 2013) * 1931 Adrian Rogers, American religious leader (d. 2005) * 1932 Atli Dam, 5th Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands (d. 2005) * 1933 Tatiana Doronina, Russian actress * 1934 Jaegwon Kim, Korean-American philosopher * 1934 Glenn Davis, American athlete (d. 2009) * 1937 George Chuvalo, Canadian boxer * 1938 Claude Ruel, French-Canadian ice hockey coach (d. 2015) * 1939 Nobuyuki Oishi, Japanese footballer * 1939 Henry Waxman, United States Congressman * 1940 Joachim Frank, German-American biophysicist, joint 2017 Nobel Prize in Chemistry winner * 1940 Mickey Lolich, American baseball player * 1940 Linda Gray, American actress * 1943 Maria Muldaur, American singer * 1943 Michael Ondaatje, Sri Lankan-born writer * 1944 Leonard Peltier, Native American activist * 1944 Yoshio Kikugawa, Japanese footballer * 1944 Barry White, American singer (d. 2003) * 1944 Vladimir Spivakov, Russian violinist and conductor * 1944 Colin Young, American singer * 1949 Irina Rodnina, Russian figure skater * 1949 Charles Burlingame, American pilot (d. 2001) === 1951 1975 === * 1951 Joe Pantoliano, American actor * 1951 Bertie Ahern, Irish politician and former Taoiseach * 1951 Ali-Ollie Woodson, American singer and musician (d. 2010) * 1952 Neil Peart, Canadian musician and writer (Rush) (d. 2020) * 1952 Gerry Beckley, American musician * 1953 Fiona Mactaggart, Scottish politician * 1954 Peter Scolari, American actor * 1956 Leslie Cheung, Hong Kong singer (d. 2003) * 1956 Ricky Rudd, American race car driver * 1956 Sam Brownback, American politician, 46th Governor of Kansas * 1956 Brian Robertson, Scottish singer-songwriter and guitarist * 1957 Hans Zimmer, German composer * 1957 Rachel Ward, English actress * 1958 Wilfredo Benitez, American boxer * 1959 Sigmar Gabriel, German politician * 1959 Scott Brown, United States Senator * 1959 Hisashi Kaneko, Japanese footballer * 1960 Stefanos Korkolis, Greek songwriter and pianist * 1961 Mylène Farmer, French singer- songwriter * 1962 Amy Yasbeck, American actress * 1964 Dieter Hecking, German footballer * 1966 Ben Folds, American musician * 1966 Vezio Sacratini, Italian ice hockey player * 1967 Mirko Slomka, German footballer and manager * 1967 Pat Listach, American baseball player * 1968 Paul F. Tompkins, American comedian, actor and screenwriter * 1969 Mika Myllyla, Finnish cross-country skier (d. 2011) * 1969 Angel Cabrera, Argentine golfer * 1969 Shigeki Maruyama, Japanese golfer * 1971 Chandra Sturrup, Bahamanian athlete * 1973 Darren Campbell, British athlete * 1973 Martin Lapointe, Canadian ice hockey player * 1973 Paul Walker, American actor (d. 2013) * 1974 Caroline Aigle, French pilot (d. 2007) * 1974 Nuno Valente, Portuguese footballer === From 1976 === * 1976 Maciej Zurawski, Polish footballer * 1976 2 Chainz, American rapper * 1976 Lauren Stamile, American actress * 1977 Nathan Bracken, Australian cricketer * 1977 James McCartney, British musician * 1978 Ruben Studdard, American singer * 1980 Sean Burroughs, American baseball player * 1980 Josef Vasicek, Czech ice hockey player (d. 2011) * 1980 Yao Ming, Chinese basketball player * 1981 Jennifer Hudson, American singer and actress * 1983 Sergio Parisse, Argentine-born Italian rugby player * 1984 September, Swedish singer * 1985 Hiroki Mizumoto, Japanese footballer * 1986 Yuto Nagatomo, Japanese footballer * 1986 Joanne Jackson, British swimmer * 1986 Emmy Rossum, American actress and singer * 1987 Yaroslava Shvedova, Kazakhstani tennis player * 1988 Amanda Jenssen, Swedish singer-songwriter and guitarist * 1989 Freddie Freeman, American baseball player * 1992 Sviatlana Pirazhenka, Belarussian tennis player * 1993 Kelsea Ballerini, American singer * 1994 Elina Svitolina, Ukrainian tennis player * 1994 Mhairi Black, Scottish politician * 1996 Colin Ford, American actor == Deaths == === Up to 1900 === * 640 Sak K'uk', Maya Queen of Palenque * 1185 Andronikos I Komnenos, Byzantine Emperor (b. 1118) * 1213 Peter II of Aragon (b. 1174) * 1348 Joan the Lame, Queen of France (b. 1293) * 1362 Pope Innocent VI (b. 1295) * 1369 Blanche of Lancaster (b. 1345) * 1500 Albert III, Duke of Saxony (b. 1443) * 1612 Tsar Vasili IV of Russia (b. 1552) * 1660 Jacob Cats, Dutch poet, jurist and politician (b. 1577) * 1683 King Afonso VI of Portugal (b. 1643) * 1691 John George III, Elector of Saxony (b. 1647) * 1764 Jean-Philippe Rameau, French composer (b. 1683) * 1829 Juan Ignacio Molina, Chilean naturalist (b. 1740) * 1870 Fitz Hugh Ludlow, American writer (b. 1836) * 1874 François Guizot, 22nd Prime Minister of France (b. 1787) * 1885 Ranbir Singh, 2nd Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir (b. 1830) === 1901 2000 === * 1903 Duncan Gillies, Australian politician, 14th Premier of Victoria (b. 1834) * 1907 Ilia Chavchavadze, Georgian poet, journalist and lawyer (b. 1837) * 1918 George Reid, 4th Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1845) * 1919 Leonid Andreyev, Russian writer (b. 1871) * 1929 Rainis, Latvian poet, playwright and politician (b. 1865) * 1938 Prince Arthur of Connaught (b. 1883) * 1945 Hajime Sugiyama, Japanese general (b. 1880) * 1956 Hans Carossa, German writer (b. 1878) * 1956 Sandor Festetics, Hungarian politician (b. 1882) * 1960 Dino Borgioli, Italian tenor (b. 1891) * 1977 Steve Biko, South African anti-Apartheid activist (b. 1946) * 1977 Robert Lowell, American poet (b. 1917) * 1981 Eugenio Montale, Italian poet (b. 1896) * 1982 Federico Moreno Torroba, Spanish composer (b. 1891) * 1986 Jacques Henri Lartigue, French photographer (b. 1894) * 1992 Anthony Perkins, American actor (b. 1932) * 1993 Raymond Burr, Canadian actor (b. 1917) * 1994 Boris Yegorov, Russian physician and cosmonaut (b. 1937) * 1995 Jeremy Brett, English actor (b. 1933) * 1995 Yasutomo Nagai, Japanese motorcycle racer (b. 1965) * 1996 Ernesto Geisel, President of Brazil (b. 1907) * 2000 Gary Olsen, English actor (b. 1957) === From 2001 === * 2001 Victor Wong, Chinese-American actor (b. 1927) * 2003 Johnny Cash, American country music singer (b. 1932) * 2004 Max Abramowitz, American architect (b. 1908) * 2008 David Foster Wallace, American writer (b. 1962) * 2009 Norman Borlaug, American agronomist (b. 1914) * 2009 Jack Kramer, American tennis player (b. 1921) * 2009 Willy Ronis, French photographer (b. 1910) * 2010 Claude Chabrol, French movie director (b. 1930) * 2011 Alexander Galimov, Russian ice hockey player (b. 1985) * 2012 Sid Watkins, British neurosurgeon (b. 1928) * 2012 Derek Jameson, British tabloid journalist and broadcaster (b. 1929) * 2013 Erich Loest, German writer (b. 1926) * 2013 Otto Sander, German actor (b. 1941) * 2013 Ray Dolby, American engineer and inventor (b. 1933) * 2014 Atef Ebeid, Prime Minister of Egypt (b. 1932) * 2014 Ian Paisley, Northern Irish religious and political leader (b. 1926) * 2014 John Bardon, English actor (b. 1939) * 2014 Joe Sample, American pianist and composer (b. 1939) * 2014 Antony Kidman, Australian psychologist, biochemist and writer (b. 1938) * 2015 Adrian Frutiger, Swiss typeface designer (b. 1928) * 2016 Gunilla Bernadotte, Swedish duchess (b. 1923) * 2016 Ellen Burka, Canadian-Dutch figure skater (b. 1921) * 2016 Stanley Steinbaum, American activist (b. 1920) * 2017 Heiner Geissler, German politician (b. 1930) * 2017 Alex Hawkins, American football player (b. 1937) * 2017 Siegfried Köhler, German conductor (b. 1923) * 2017 Allan MacEachen, Canadian politician (b. 1921) * 2017 Edith Windsor, American LGBT rights activist and technological manager at IBM (b. 1929) * 2018 Henry Kalis, American politician (b. 1937) * 2018 Hans Kloss, German artist and graphic designer (b. 1938) * 2018 Walter Mischel, Austrian- American psychologist (b. 1930) * 2018 Billy O'Dell, American baseball player (b. 1933) * 2018 Shen Chun-shan, Taiwanese physicist and academic (b. 1932) * 2018 Rachid Taha, Algerian singer, songwriter and activist (b. 1958) == Observances == * National Day of Cape Verde * Ethiopian New Year * Day of Conception (Russia) * Defenders Day (Maryland) Category:Days of the year