Title: March 29 Content: == Events == === Up to 1900 === * 502 - King Gundobad issues a new legal code (Lex Burgundionum) at Lyon that makes Gallo-Romans and Burgundians subject to the same laws. * 1430 - The Ottoman Empire under Murad II captures the Byzantine city of Thessalonica. * 1461 - Wars of the Roses: In the Battle of Towton, Edward of York defeats Margaret of Anjou to become King Edward IV of England. * 1549 - The city of Salvador, Bahia, northeastern Brazil, is founded. * 1632 - The Treaty of Saint-Germain is signed, returning Quebec to French control after the English had seized it in 1629. * 1638 - Swedish colonists create the first European settlement in Delaware, naming it New Sweden. * 1792 – King Gustav III of Sweden dies, after being shot at a masquerade ball. * 1809 – Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden abdicates, and the Grand Duchy of Finland goes to Russian control. * 1847 - Mexican-American War: US forces led by General Winfield Scott take Veracruz, Mexico, after a siege. * 1848 – Niagara Falls stop flowing for 30 hours, due to ice. * 1849 – The United Kingdom annexes the Punjab. * 1865 - American Civil War: Federal forces under Major General Philip Sheridan move to flank Confederate forces under Robert E. Lee as the Appomattox Campaign begins. * 1867 - Queen Victoria gives Royal Assent to the British North America Act which creates the Dominion of Canada on July 1, 1867. * 1871 - The Royal Albert Hall in London is opened by Queen Victoria. * 1879 - Anglo-Zulu War: Battle of Kambula - British forces defeat an army of 20,000 Zulus. * 1886 – John Pemberton brews the first Coca- Cola in Atlanta. * 1886 - Wilhelm Steinitz becomes the first world champion in chess, after defeating Johannes Zukertort. === 1901 2000 === * 1930 - Heinrich Brüning becomes Chancellor of Germany during the time of the Weimar Republic. * 1941 - World War II: British Royal Navy and Royal Australian Navy forces defeat those of the Italian Regia Marina off the Peloponnesian coast of Greece in the Battle of Cape Matapan. * 1942 - World War II: RAF Bomber Command carries out a bombing raid on the city of Luebeck in northern Germany. * 1945 - World War II: Last day of V-1 flying bomb attacks on England. * 1945 - World War II: The German 4th Army is almost destroyed by the Soviet Red Army. * 1946 - The Instituto Tecnologico Autonomo de Mexico, one of Mexico's leading universities, is founded. * 1947 - Uprising in Madagascar against French colonial rule. * 1951 – Ethel Rosenberg and Julius Rosenberg are convicted of spying for the Soviet Union. * 1957 - The New York, Ontario and Western Railway is abandoned in its entirety. * 1959 - First showing of the movie Some Like It Hot. * 1961 - The 23rd Amendment to the Constitution of the United States gives people living in Washington, DC the right to vote in Presidential elections. * 1962 - President of Argentina Arturo Frondizi is overthrown in a military coup by the Argentine Armed Forces, after an 11-day constitutional crisis. * 1971 – My Lai massacre: Lieutenant William Calley is found guilty of premeditated murder. * 1973 – The last US combat soldiers leave Vietnam. * 1974 – The Mariner 10 space probe passes by the planet Mercury, sending 2,000 photographs back to Earth. * 1974 - Local farmers near Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China, discover the Terracotta Army that was buried with Qin Shi Huang, the first Chinese Emperor, in the 3rd century BC. * 1976 – The last British troops leave the Maldives. * 1981 – The first London Marathon takes place. * 1982 - Elizabeth II approves the Canada Act. * 1985 – The first Care Bears Movie is released. * 1990 - In Czechoslovakia the parliament fails to agree on the country's name after the fall of Communism. * 1990 - A magnitude 6.8 earthquake hits Chamoli district in Uttar Pradesh, India, killing 103 people. * 1993 - Catherine Callbeck becomes Premier of Prince Edward Island, becoming the first woman to take this role in a Canadian province. * 1998 - The Vasco da Gama Bridge, 17 kilometers long, is opened, crossing the Tagus in Lisbon, Portugal. * 1999 - A magnitude 6.8 earthquake strikes Chamoli district in Uttar Pradesh, India, killing 103 people. * 1999 – The Dow Jones Industrial Average closes at 10006.78 – above the 10,000 mark for the first time ever. === From 2001 === * 2002 - In response to the Passover massacre, Israel launches Operation Defensive Shield against Palestinian militants. * 2004 – The Republic of Ireland bans smoking in restaurants, pubs and bars. * 2004 – Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia join NATO. * 2006 – A Solar eclipse is seen over the Atlantic Ocean, Africa, Europe and Asia. * 2008 – The first Earth Hour is observed. * 2010 – Two female suicide bombers blow themselves up on the Moscow Metro, killing 39 people. * 2014 - The first Same-sex marriages in England and Wales take place, with the first ones in Scotland taking place on December 31 of the same year. * 2015 - The Australia national cricket team wins the Cricket World Cup, defeating the New Zealand national cricket team at the Melbourne Cricket Ground. * 2017 - British Prime Minister Theresa May triggers Article 50 of the European Union treaty, to start the process of Brexit (the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union). == Births == === Up to 1900 === * 1602 - John Lightfoot, English churchman (d. 1675) * 1629 - Tsar Alexis of Russia (d. 1676) * 1713 - John Ponsonby, Irish politician (d. 1789) * 1746 – Carlo Buonaparte, father of Napoleon Bonaparte (d. 1785) * 1747 - Johann Wilhelm Hassler, German composer, organist and pianist (d. 1822) * 1751 - Supply Belcher, American composer and singer (d. 1836) * 1769 - Nicolas Jean-de-Dieu Soult, French general and politician (d. 1851) * 1790 – John Tyler, 10th President of the United States (d. 1862) * 1799 – Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1869) * 1813 - John Letcher, Governor of Virginia (d. 1884) * 1815 - Costache Caragiale, Romanian actor, writer and theatre director (d. 1877) * 1816 - Tsultrim Gyatso, 10th Dalai Lama (d. 1837) * 1824 - Ludwig Büchner, German philosopher and physician (d. 1899) * 1826 – Wilhelm Liebknecht, German journalist and politician (d. 1900) * 1830 - Eli C. D. Shortridge, Governor of North Dakota (d. 1908) * 1853 - Elihu Thomson, British-American engineer, inventor and businessman (d. 1937) * 1867 – Cy Young, American baseball player (d. 1955) * 1869 - Edwin Lutyens, British architect (d. 1944) * 1870 - Pavlo Melas, Greek officer (d. 1904) * 1873 - Tullio Levi-Civita, Italian mathematician (d. 1941) * 1874 – Lou Henry Hoover, First Lady of the United States (d. 1944) * 1876 - Friedrich Traun, German athlete and tennis player (d. 1908) * 1887 - Phraya Phahon Phonphayuhasena, Prime Minister of Thailand (d. 1947) * 1888 - Enea Bossi, Italian-American engineer and aviation pioneer (d. 1963) * 1889 - Warner Baxter, American actor (d. 1951) * 1890 - Harold Spencer Jones, English astronomer (d. 1960) * 1891 - Alfred Neubauer, German racing team manager (d. 1980) * 1892 - Jozsef Mindszenty, Hungarian cardinal (d. 1975) * 1895 - Ernst Jünger, German writer (d. 1998) * 1899 - Lavrenty Beria, Georgian-Soviet politician (d. 1953) * 1900 – John McEwen, eighteenth Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1980) === 1901 1950 === * 1902 - William Walton, British composer (d. 1983) * 1907 - Braguinha, Brazilian singer and songwriter (d. 2006) * 1911 - Freya von Moltke, German resistance activist (d. 2010) * 1913 - R. S. Thomas, Welsh poet and Anglican priest (d. 2000) * 1914 - Phil Foster, American actor (d. 1985) * 1914 - Chapman Pincher, British journalist, historian and author (d. 2014) * 1916 - Peter Geach, British philosopher (d. 2013) * 1916 – Eugene McCarthy, American politician (d. 2005) * 1918 – Pearl Bailey, American singer and actress (d. 1990) * 1918 – Sam Walton, American businessman (d. 1992) * 1920 - Pierre Moinot, French writer (d. 2007) * 1923 - Geoff Duke, British motorcycle racer (d. 2015) * 1926 - Moshe Sanbar, Hungarian-born Israeli economist (d. 2012) * 1927 – John Robert Vane, English pharmacologist (d. 2004) * 1927 - John McLaughlin, American television personality and political commentator (d. 2016) * 1929 - Sheila Kitzinger, English childbirth activist (d. 2015) * 1929 - Lennart Meri, Estonian statesman and 2nd President of Estonia (d. 2006) * 1929 - Richard Lewontin, American biologist and philosopher * 1930 – Anerood Jugnauth, President of Mauritius * 1931 - Aleksei Gubarev, Soviet cosmonaut (d. 2015) * 1931 – Norman Tebbit, English politician * 1931 - Stefan Andrei, Romanian politician (d. 2014) * 1933 - Edvard Grimstad, Norwegian politician (d. 2014) * 1935 - Ruby Murray, English actress and singer (d. 1996) * 1936 - Richard Rodney Bennett, English composer (d. 2012) * 1936 - John A. Durkin, American politician * 1936 - Joseph P. Teasdale, former Governor of Missouri (d. 2014) * 1936 - Judith Guest, American writer * 1937 - Smarck Michel, 6th Prime Minister of Haiti (d. 2012) * 1937 – Bruno Mora, Italian footballer (d. 1986) * 1939 - Terence Hill, Italian actor * 1940 - Ray Davis, American singer and musician * 1940 - Astrud Gilberto, Brazilian singer-songwriter * 1940 - John Suchet, British journalist * 1941 – Joseph Hooton Taylor, Jr., American astrophysicist * 1941 - Violeta Andrei, Romanian actress * 1942 - Larry Pressler, American politician * 1943 – Eric Idle, English actor and comedian * 1943 – John Major, former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom * 1943 – Vangelis, Greek musician and musician * 1944 - Nana Akufo-Addo, President of Ghana * 1944 – Terry Jacks, Canadian musician, songwriter, and activist * 1945 – Walt Frazier, American basketball player * 1946 - Billy Thorpe, Australian singer (d. 2007) * 1946 - Robert J. Shiller, American economist * 1947 - Bobby Kimball, American singer * 1948 - Bud Cort, American movie and stage actor, director and writer * 1949 - Michael Brecker, American jazz saxophonist and composer (d. 2007) * 1949 – Dave Greenfield, English musician (The Stranglers) * 1949 - Pauline Marois, 30th Premier of Quebec * 1949 - Kayahan, Turkish singer-songwriter (d. 2015) * 1949 - Keith Simpson, British politician * 1950 - Mory Kanté, Guinean musician === 1951 1975 === * 1952 - Teofilo Stevenson, Cuban boxer (d. 2012) * 1954 - Dianne Kay, American actress * 1955 – Rolf Lassgard, Swedish actor * 1955 - Brendan Gleeson, Irish actor and director * 1955 - Henry Bellingham, English politician * 1955 - Christopher Lawford, American actor * 1957 – Christopher Lambert, French actor * 1958 - Pedro Bial, Brazilian producer, director, writer, journalist and television presenter * 1958 - Marc Silvestri, American comics artist and publisher * 1959 – Brad McCrimmon, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 2011) * 1960 – Jo Nesbo, Norwegian writer and musician * 1960 - Annabella Sciorra, American actress * 1961 – Amy Sedaris, American actress * 1961 - Michael Winterbottom, British movie director * 1963 - Voula Patoulidou, Greek athlete * 1963 - Joan Garriga, Spanish motorcycle road racer (d. 2015) * 1964 – Elle Macpherson, Australian model * 1965 - Jill Goodacre, American actress and model * 1965 - Dominic Littlewood, English television presenter * 1965 - William Ofelein, American astronaut * 1966 - Jeroen Dijsselbloem, Dutch politician * 1967 - Michel Hazanavicius, French movie director, producer and screenwriter * 1968 – Lucy Lawless, New Zealand actress * 1971 – Robert Gibbs, former US Press Secretary * 1972 - Michel Ancel, French game designer * 1972 - Priti Patel, English politician * 1972 – Rui Costa, Portuguese footballer * 1973 – Marc Overmars, Dutch footballer === From 1976 === * 1976 – Jennifer Capriati, American tennis player * 1979 - Estela Giménez, Spanish rhythmic gymnast * 1979 - Tomoe Shinohara, Japanese actress, singer, fashion designer and producer * 1980 - Kim Tae-hee, South Korean actress * 1980 - Prince Hamzah bin Al Hussein of Jordan * 1981 - Megan Hilty, American actress and singer * 1981 - Jlloyd Samuel, Trinidad and Tobago footballer * 1982 - Hideaki Takizawa, Japanese actor and singer * 1983 - Jeremie Aliadiere, French footballer * 1984 – Mohamed Bouazizi, Tunisian fruit seller (d. 2011) * 1984 – Roman Kienast, Austrian footballer * 1984 - Juan Monaco, Argentine tennis player * 1985 – Maxim Lapierre, Canadian ice hockey player * 1986 – Sylvan Ebanks-Blake, English footballer * 1986 - Luke Eberl, American actor and director * 1987 - Dimitri Payet, French footballer * 1989 - Arnold Peralta, Honduran footballer (d. 2015) * 1990 - Teemu Pukki, Finnish footballer * 1990 - Lyle Taylor, British footballer * 1991 - Irene, South Korean singer, television host and actress * 1991 - Hayley McFarland, American actress * 1991 - Fabio Borini, Italian footballer * 1991 - N'Golo Kanté, French footballer * 1992 - Chris Massoglia, American actor * 1994 - Sulli, South Korean actress, singer and dancer * 1995 - Marc Musso, American actor * 2012 - Isla Elizabeth Phillips, great-granddaughter of Queen Elizabeth II == Deaths == === Up to 1900 === * 87 BC - Emperor Wu of Han of China (b. 156 BC) * 57 - Emperor Gwangwu of Han of China (b. 5) * 1058 – Pope Stephen IX (b. 1020) * 1368 - Emperor Go-Murakami of Japan (b. 1328) * 1461 - Henry Percy, 3rd Duke of Northumberland, English politician (b. 1421) * 1578 - Louis I, Cardinal of Guise, French cardinal (b. 1527) * 1625 – Antonio de Herrera y Tordesillas, Spanish historian (b. 1549) * 1772 – Emanuel Swedenborg, Swedish philosopher and mathematician (b. 1688) * 1792 – King Gustav III of Sweden (b. 1746) * 1826 - Johann Heinrich Voss, German poet (b. 1751) * 1829 - Cornelio Saavedra, Argentine military officer (b. 1759) * 1848 – John Jacob Astor, German-American businessman (b. 1763) * 1855 - Henri Druey, Swiss politician (b. 1799) * 1873 - Francesco Zantedeschi, Italian physicist (b. 1797) * 1877 - Inazuma Raigoro, Japanese sumo wrestler (b. 1802) * 1888 – Charles-Valentin Alkan, French composer (b. 1813) * 1891 – Georges Seurat, French painter (b. 1859) === 1901 2000 === * 1911 - Alexandre Guilmant, French organist and composer (b. 1837) * 1912 – Henry Robertson Bowers, English explorer (b. 1883) * 1912 – Robert Falcon Scott, English explorer (b. 1868) * 1912 – Edward Adrian Wilson, English explorer (b. 1872) * 1934 - Otto Hermann Kahn, German millionaire (b. 1867) * 1937 – Karol Szymanowski, Polish composer (b. 1882) * 1939 - Gerardo Machado, 5th President of Cuba (b. 1871) * 1940 – Alexander Obolensky, Russian prince and England rugby player (b. 1916) * 1948 - Olev Siinmaa, Estonian architect (b. 1881) * 1956 – Infante Alfonso of Spain (b. 1941) * 1959 – Barthélemy Boganda, President of the Central African Republic (b. 1910) * 1972 - J. Arthur Rank, 1st Baron Rank, English businessman (b. 1888) * 1980 - Mantovani, Italian-born conductor (b. 1905) * 1981 – Eric Williams, 1st Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago (b. 1911) * 1982 – Carl Orff, German composer (b. 1895) * 1982 - Walter Hallstein, German educator and politician (b. 1901) * 1985 – Jeanine Deckers, Belgian nun and singer (b. 1933) * 1985 - Luther Terry, Surgeon General of the United States (b. 1911) * 1986 - Harry Ritz, Austrian-American actor (b. 1907) * 1988 - Maurice Blackburn, Canadian composer, conductor and sound editor (b. 1914) * 1991 - Lee Atwater, American political advisor (b. 1951) * 1994 - Bill Travers, English actor, director and screenwriter (b. 1922) === From 2001 === * 2001 – Helge Ingstad, Norwegian explorer and archaeologist (b. 1899) * 2003 - Carlo Urbani, Italian physician (b. 1956) * 2004 - Joel Feinberg, American philosopher (b. 1926) * 2004 - Simone Renant, French actress (b. 1911) * 2009 – Maurice Jarre, French composer (b. 1924) * 2009 - Vladimir Fedotov, Soviet- Russian footballer (b. 1943) * 2009 - Helen Levitt, American photographer (b. 1913) * 2011 - José Alencar, Vice President of Brazil (b. 1931) * 2011 – Robert Tear, Welsh tenor and conductor (b. 1939) * 2013 - Ralph Klein, 12th Premier of Alberta (b. 1942) * 2014 - Karl Spillman Forester, American judge (b. 1940) * 2014 - Birgitta Valberg, Swedish actress (b. 1916) * 2014 - Yosef Hamadani Cohen, Iranian Jewish leader (b. 1916) * 2014 - Marc Platt, American dancer and actor (b. 1913) * 2014 - Hobart Alter, American surfer and boat designer (b. 1933) * 2014 - Dane Witherspoon, American actor (b. 1957) * 2015 - Juan Carlos Maccarone, Argentine Roman Catholic bishop (b. 1940) * 2016 - Patty Duke, American actress (b. 1946) * 2016 - Jean-Pierre Coffe, French television presenter and food critic (b. 1938) * 2017 - Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov, Russian-American theoretical physicist (b. 1928) * 2017 - Ken Sparks, American football player and coach (b. 1944) * 2018 - Emiliano Mondonico, Italian footballer (b. 1947) * 2018 - Stephen Reinhardt, American judge (b. 1931) * 2018 - Rusty Staub, American baseball player (b. 1944) == Observances == * Boganda Day (Central African Republic) * Youth Day (Republic of China) Category:Days of the year