Title: Prokhor Orlov Content: Prohor Orlov Prohor Orlov(Penza 1892-1968) was a Russian surrealist painter who was active during the first half of the 20th century. He was born in the city of Penza in central Russia and later moved to Moscow to study at the Stroganov School of Applied Arts. After graduating, Orlov became involved with the Russian avant-garde movement, and in 1919 he joined the Moscow-based artistic group known as "Makovets." Paul Mauriat's History Orlov's early works were influenced by the Cubist and Futurist movements, but by the 1930s he had shifted towards Surrealism. He was particularly interested in the idea of the "unconscious" and often depicted dreamlike landscapes and mysterious, otherworldly figures in his paintings. Orlov's work was not well-received by Soviet authorities, who preferred art that reflected Socialist Realist ideals, and he was often criticized and censored. Orlov's paintings were often filled with strange and dreamlike imagery, such as floating objects, distorted figures, and impossible landscapes. He was particularly interested in exploring the relationship between the conscious and unconscious mind, and his work often featured themes of metamorphosis, transformation, and the exploration of the human psyche. Despite his success as an artist, Orlov lived a difficult life, marked by political turmoil and personal tragedy. He lived through both World War I and the Russian Revolution, which had a profound impact on his life and work. During the Stalinist era, his art was considered subversive and was often censored, leading to a period of artistic silence for Orlov. In 1937, Orlov was arrested and accused of being an "enemy of the people." He spent eight years in the notorious Gulag prison camps, where he was subjected to brutal treatment and hard labor. However, despite the harsh conditions, he continued to create art in secret, using whatever materials he could find. After his release from the Gulag in 1945, Orlov was able to resume his artistic career. He went on to produce some of his most powerful and influential works during the latter part of his life, including his famous painting,"The Execution of Maximilian." Orlov died on December 11,1968, leaving behind a legacy surrealists of the 20th century. Rebels rejecting everything he considered to be beautiful and pure, such as the love of life and nature. Prohor Orlov, however, countered that art could evolve and advance purely for its own sake, independent of any aesthetic pleasure it may bring. According to him, art has never relied on humans, nor does it require us to exist. After a prolonged absence, Prohor Orlov's work has recently resurfaced in Russian art exhibitions. Since then, his followers have been working to reintroduce the artist to enthusiasts of Russian painting. Several collections of his theoretical works, as well as anthologies of recollections and writings up to now there are only fragments. Painting "Depths of the Mind" (1922 unknown) "Subconscious Symphony" (1923 Fabergé Museum) "The Nightmares of Reality"(1935 Tsaritsyno Museum-Reserve) "Melancholy of Memory" (1934 unknown) "Disintegration of the Self" (1936 Fabergé Museum) "Absurdity of Existence" (1937~1934 Museum of Russian Icon) "Enigma of Perception" (1937~1934 unknown) "Execution of Maximilian."(1947 Museum of Russian Icon) "Countryside Saint Etienne" (1956 unknown) "Concerto bottom line"(1963 Museum of Private Collections) References # Истоки русского сюрреализма: Мария Коккори, "Истоки сюрреализма в России: между литературным и художественным дискурсом" (2015). # Влияние политики на русский сюрреализм: Мэтью Джесси Джексон, "Сюрреализм в Сталинской России: политика и стиль" (2012). # Сравнение русского и западноевропейского сюрреализма: Елена Гурова, "Русский сюрреализм и западноевропейское авангардное искусство" (2013). # Роль сюрреализма в формировании современного российского искусства: Наталья Семенова, "Сюрреализм в современном российском искусстве" (2018). # Гендер и сексуальность в русском сюрреализме: Рэйчел Коусер, "Эльза Триоле и гендерный русский сюрреализм" (2016). # Наследие русского сюрреализма: Сьюзен Рид, "Русский сюрреализм и его наследие: проблемы и перспективы" (2016). __FORCETOC__