poisoning [SEP] are. We report an interesting case investigating a (near) fatal poisoning. METHODS: The son of an 84-year-old male discovered a newspaper

Poisoning [SEP] A condition or physical state produced by the ingestion, injection, inhalation of or exposure to a deleterious agent.


Alzheimer's disease [SEP] ewspaper report stating clinical success with plant extracts in Alzheimer's disease. The mode of action was said to be comparable to that of the sy

Alzheimer Disease [SEP] A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention


carbamylcholin [SEP] on was said to be comparable to that of the synthetic compound 'carbamylcholin'; that is, carbachol. He bought 25 g of carbachol as pure subst

Carbachol [SEP] A slowly hydrolyzed cholinergic agonist that acts at both muscarinic and nicotinic receptors.


Carbachol [SEP] e in a pharmacy, and the father was administered 400 to 500 mg. Carbachol concentrations in serum and urine on day 1 and 2 of hospital ad


nausea [SEP] SULTS: Minutes after oral administration, the patient developed nausea, sweating and hypotension, and finally collapsed. Bradycardia,

Nausea [SEP] An unpleasant sensation in the stomach usually accompanied by the urge to vomit. Common causes are early pregnancy, sea and moti


hypotension [SEP] oral administration, the patient developed nausea, sweating and hypotension, and finally collapsed. Bradycardia, cholinergic symptoms and a

Hypotension [SEP] Abnormally low BLOOD PRESSURE that can result in inadequate blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. Common symptom is DI


Bradycardia [SEP] eloped nausea, sweating and hypotension, and finally collapsed. Bradycardia, cholinergic symptoms and asystole occurred. Initial cardiopulm

Bradycardia [SEP] Cardiac arrhythmias that are characterized by excessively slow HEART RATE, usually below 50 beats per minute in human adults. Th


asystole [SEP] n, and finally collapsed. Bradycardia, cholinergic symptoms and asystole occurred. Initial cardiopulmonary resuscitation and immediate t

Heart Arrest [SEP] Cessation of heart beat or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. If it is treated within a few minutes, heart arrest can be reversed in most c


adrenaline [SEP] tial cardiopulmonary resuscitation and immediate treatment with adrenaline (epinephrine), atropine and furosemide was successful. On hospi

Epinephrine [SEP] The active sympathomimetic hormone from the ADRENAL MEDULLA. It stimulates both the alpha- and beta- adrenergic systems, causes


epinephrine [SEP] ulmonary resuscitation and immediate treatment with adrenaline (epinephrine), atropine and furosemide was successful. On hospital admission


atropine [SEP] citation and immediate treatment with adrenaline (epinephrine), atropine and furosemide was successful. On hospital admission, blood pre

Atropine [SEP] An alkaloid, originally from Atropa belladonna, but found in other plants, mainly SOLANACEAE. Hyoscyamine is the 3(S)-endo isome


furosemide [SEP] immediate treatment with adrenaline (epinephrine), atropine and furosemide was successful. On hospital admission, blood pressure of the in

Furosemide [SEP] A benzoic-sulfonamide-furan. It is a diuretic with fast onset and short duration that is used for EDEMA and chronic RENAL INSUFF


hyperhidrosis [SEP] ed, bradyarrhythmic patient was 100/65 mmHg. Further signs were hyperhidrosis, hypersalivation, bronchorrhoea, and severe miosis; the electro

Hyperhidrosis [SEP] Excessive sweating. In the localized type, the most frequent sites are the palms, soles, axillae, inguinal folds, and the perine


hypersalivation [SEP] hmic patient was 100/65 mmHg. Further signs were hyperhidrosis, hypersalivation, bronchorrhoea, and severe miosis; the electrocardiographic fin

Sialorrhea [SEP] Increased salivary flow.


miosis [SEP]  were hyperhidrosis, hypersalivation, bronchorrhoea, and severe miosis; the electrocardiographic finding was atrio-ventricular dissoci

Miosis [SEP] Pupillary constriction. This may result from congenital absence of the dilatator pupillary muscle, defective sympathetic innerva


atrio-ventricular dissociation [SEP] rrhoea, and severe miosis; the electrocardiographic finding was atrio-ventricular dissociation. High doses of atropine (up to 50 mg per 24 hours), adrenaline

Heart Block [SEP] Impaired conduction of cardiac impulse that can occur anywhere along the conduction pathway, such as between the SINOATRIAL NODE


dopamine [SEP] gh doses of atropine (up to 50 mg per 24 hours), adrenaline and dopamine were necessary. The patient was extubated 1 week later. However

Dopamine [SEP] One of the catecholamine NEUROTRANSMITTERS in the brain. It is derived from TYROSINE and is the precursor to NOREPINEPHRINE and


dyspnoea [SEP] ary. The patient was extubated 1 week later. However, increased dyspnoea and bronchospasm necessitated reintubation. Respiratory insuffi

Dyspnea [SEP] Difficult or labored breathing.


bronchospasm [SEP] ent was extubated 1 week later. However, increased dyspnoea and bronchospasm necessitated reintubation. Respiratory insufficiency was furthe

Bronchial Spasm [SEP] Spasmodic contraction of the smooth muscle of the bronchi.


Respiratory insufficiency [SEP]  increased dyspnoea and bronchospasm necessitated reintubation. Respiratory insufficiency was further worsened by Proteus mirabilis infection and severe

Respiratory Insufficiency [SEP] Failure to adequately provide oxygen to cells of the body and to remove excess carbon dioxide from them. (Stedman, 25th ed)


Proteus mirabilis infection [SEP] reintubation. Respiratory insufficiency was further worsened by Proteus mirabilis infection and severe bronchoconstriction. One week later, the patient was

Proteus Infections [SEP] Infections with bacteria of the genus PROTEUS.


heart failure [SEP] ripheral ward. On the next day he died, probably as a result of heart failure. Serum samples from the first and second days contained 3.6 and

Heart Failure [SEP] A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Hear


acute cardiovascular failure [SEP] should consider intoxications (with cholinergics) as a cause of acute cardiovascular failure.

Cardiovascular Diseases [SEP] Pathological conditions involving the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM including the HEART; the BLOOD VESSELS; or the PERICARDIUM.


rizatriptan [SEP] Crossover comparison of efficacy and preference for rizatriptan 10 mg versus ergotamine/caffeine in migraine.

rizatriptan [SEP]


ergotamine [SEP] parison of efficacy and preference for rizatriptan 10 mg versus ergotamine/caffeine in migraine.

Ergotamine [SEP] A vasoconstrictor found in ergot of Central Europe. It is a serotonin agonist that has been used as an oxytocic agent and in the


caffeine [SEP] efficacy and preference for rizatriptan 10 mg versus ergotamine/caffeine in migraine.

Caffeine [SEP] A methylxanthine naturally occurring in some beverages and also used as a pharmacological agent. Caffeine's most notable pharmac


migraine [SEP]  preference for rizatriptan 10 mg versus ergotamine/caffeine in migraine.

Migraine Disorders [SEP] A class of disabling primary headache disorders, characterized by recurrent unilateral pulsatile headaches. The two major subtyp


Rizatriptan [SEP] Rizatriptan is a selective 5-HT(1B/1D) receptor agonist with rapid oral abs

rizatriptan [SEP]


5-HT [SEP] Rizatriptan is a selective 5-HT(1B/1D) receptor agonist with rapid oral absorption and early on

Serotonin [SEP] A biochemical messenger and regulator, synthesized from the essential amino acid L-TRYPTOPHAN. In humans it is found primarily i


migraine [SEP]  absorption and early onset of action in the acute treatment of migraine. This randomized double- blind crossover outpatient study asses


rizatriptan [SEP]  blind crossover outpatient study assessed the preference for 1 rizatriptan 10 mg tablet to 2 ergotamine 1 mg/caffeine 100 mg tablets in 43

rizatriptan [SEP]


ergotamine [SEP] udy assessed the preference for 1 rizatriptan 10 mg tablet to 2 ergotamine 1 mg/caffeine 100 mg tablets in 439 patients treating a single


caffeine [SEP]  preference for 1 rizatriptan 10 mg tablet to 2 ergotamine 1 mg/caffeine 100 mg tablets in 439 patients treating a single migraine attac


headache [SEP] ine/caffeine (69.9 vs. 30.1%, p < or = 0.001). Faster relief of headache was the most important reason for preference, cited by 67.3% of

Headache [SEP] The symptom of PAIN in the cranial region. It may be an isolated benign occurrence or manifestation of a wide variety of HEADACH


pain [SEP] preferred ergotamine/caffeine. The co-primary endpoint of being pain free at 2 h was also in favor of rizatriptan. Forty-nine percen

Pain [SEP] An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS.


Headache [SEP] r = 0.001), rizatriptan being superior within 1 h of treatment. Headache relief at 2 h was 75.9% for rizatriptan and 47.3% for ergotamin


nausea [SEP] r to ergotamine/caffeine in the proportions of patients with no nausea, vomiting, phonophobia or photophobia and for patients with nor

Nausea [SEP] An unpleasant sensation in the stomach usually accompanied by the urge to vomit. Common causes are early pregnancy, sea and moti


vomiting [SEP] otamine/caffeine in the proportions of patients with no nausea, vomiting, phonophobia or photophobia and for patients with normal functi

Vomiting [SEP] The forcible expulsion of the contents of the STOMACH through the MOUTH.


phonophobia [SEP] ffeine in the proportions of patients with no nausea, vomiting, phonophobia or photophobia and for patients with normal function 2 h after

Hyperacusis [SEP] An abnormally disproportionate increase in the sensation of loudness in response to auditory stimuli of normal volume. COCHLEAR


photophobia [SEP] roportions of patients with no nausea, vomiting, phonophobia or photophobia and for patients with normal function 2 h after drug intake (p

Photophobia [SEP] Abnormal sensitivity to light. This may occur as a manifestation of EYE DISEASES; MIGRAINE; SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE; MENINGITIS;


dizziness [SEP] ) after rizatriptan and ergotamine/caffeine, respectively, were dizziness (6.7 and 5.3%), nausea (4.2 and 8.5%) and somnolence (5.5 and 2

Dizziness [SEP] An imprecise term which may refer to a sense of spatial disorientation, motion of the environment, or lightheadedness.


somnolence [SEP] ively, were dizziness (6.7 and 5.3%), nausea (4.2 and 8.5%) and somnolence (5.5 and 2.3%).

Disorders of Excessive Somnolence [SEP] Disorders characterized by hypersomnolence during normal waking hours that may impair cognitive functioning. Subtypes include pr


Thrombotic microangiopathy [SEP] Thrombotic microangiopathy and renal failure associated with antineoplastic chemotherapy.

Thrombotic Microangiopathies [SEP] Diseases that result in THROMBOSIS in MICROVASCULATURE. The two most prominent diseases are PURPURA, THROMBOTIC THROMBOCYTOPENIC


renal failure [SEP] Thrombotic microangiopathy and renal failure associated with antineoplastic chemotherapy.

Renal Insufficiency [SEP] Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level in the ability to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain


carcinoma [SEP] Five patients with carcinoma developed thrombotic microangiopathy (characterized by renal in

Carcinoma [SEP] A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases. It i


thrombotic microangiopathy [SEP] Five patients with carcinoma developed thrombotic microangiopathy (characterized by renal insufficiency, microangiopathic hemolyt


renal insufficiency [SEP] arcinoma developed thrombotic microangiopathy (characterized by renal insufficiency, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, and usually thrombocytopeni


microangiopathic hemolytic anemia [SEP] rombotic microangiopathy (characterized by renal insufficiency, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, and usually thrombocytopenia) after treatment with cisplatin,

Anemia, Hemolytic [SEP] A condition of inadequate circulating red blood cells (ANEMIA) or insufficient HEMOGLOBIN due to premature destruction of red bl


thrombocytopenia [SEP] l insufficiency, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, and usually thrombocytopenia) after treatment with cisplatin, bleomycin, and a vinca alkaloi

Thrombocytopenia [SEP] A subnormal level of BLOOD PLATELETS.


cisplatin [SEP] ytic anemia, and usually thrombocytopenia) after treatment with cisplatin, bleomycin, and a vinca alkaloid. One patient had thrombotic th

Cisplatin [SEP] An inorganic and water-soluble platinum complex. After undergoing hydrolysis, it reacts with DNA to produce both intra and inter


bleomycin [SEP] , and usually thrombocytopenia) after treatment with cisplatin, bleomycin, and a vinca alkaloid. One patient had thrombotic thrombocytope

Bleomycin [SEP] A complex of related glycopeptide antibiotics from Streptomyces verticillus consisting of bleomycin A2 and B2. It inhibits DNA m


vinca alkaloid [SEP] ombocytopenia) after treatment with cisplatin, bleomycin, and a vinca alkaloid. One patient had thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, three the

Vinca Alkaloids [SEP] A group of indole-indoline dimers which are ALKALOIDS obtained from the VINCA genus of plants. They inhibit polymerization of TU


thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura [SEP] ith cisplatin, bleomycin, and a vinca alkaloid. One patient had thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, three the hemolytic-uremic syndrome, and one an apparent forme

Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic [SEP] An acquired, congenital, or familial disorder caused by PLATELET AGGREGATION with THROMBOSIS in terminal arterioles and capillar


hemolytic-uremic syndrome [SEP]  One patient had thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, three the hemolytic-uremic syndrome, and one an apparent forme fruste of one of these disorders. Hi

Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome [SEP] A syndrome that is associated with microvascular diseases of the KIDNEY, such as RENAL CORTICAL NECROSIS. It is characterized by


intravascular coagulation [SEP] . Histologic examination of the renal tissue showed evidence of intravascular coagulation, primarily affecting the small arteries, arterioles, and glomer

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation [SEP] A disorder characterized by procoagulant substances entering the general circulation causing a systemic thrombotic process. The


tumor [SEP] l arteries, arterioles, and glomeruli. Because each patient was tumor-free or had only a small tumor at the onset of this syndrome, t

Neoplasms [SEP] New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and me


renal failure [SEP] l tissue or the peripheral blood smear is not examined, because renal failure may be ascribed to cisplatin nephrotoxicity and the anemia and


nephrotoxicity [SEP] ot examined, because renal failure may be ascribed to cisplatin nephrotoxicity and the anemia and thrombocytopenia to drug-induced bone marrow

Kidney Diseases [SEP] Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues.


anemia [SEP] haracterized by renal insufficiency, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, and usually thrombocytopenia) after treatment with cisplatin,

Anemia [SEP] A reduction in the number of circulating ERYTHROCYTES or in the quantity of HEMOGLOBIN.


bone marrow suppression [SEP] hrotoxicity and the anemia and thrombocytopenia to drug-induced bone marrow suppression.

Bone Marrow Diseases [SEP]


nelarabine [SEP] Salvage therapy with nelarabine, etoposide, and cyclophosphamide in relapsed/refractory paediat

nelarabine [SEP]


etoposide [SEP] Salvage therapy with nelarabine, etoposide, and cyclophosphamide in relapsed/refractory paediatric T-cell

Etoposide [SEP] A semisynthetic derivative of PODOPHYLLOTOXIN that exhibits antitumor activity. Etoposide inhibits DNA synthesis by forming a co


cyclophosphamide [SEP] Salvage therapy with nelarabine, etoposide, and cyclophosphamide in relapsed/refractory paediatric T-cell lymphoblastic leukaemi

Cyclophosphamide [SEP] Precursor of an alkylating nitrogen mustard antineoplastic and immunosuppressive agent that must be activated in the LIVER to fo


T-cell lymphoblastic leukaemia [SEP] oposide, and cyclophosphamide in relapsed/refractory paediatric T-cell lymphoblastic leukaemia and lymphoma.

Leukemia, T-Cell [SEP] A malignant disease of the T-LYMPHOCYTES in the bone marrow, thymus, and/or blood.


nelarabine [SEP] A combination of 5 d of nelarabine (AraG) with 5 d of etoposide (VP) and cyclophosphamide (CPM) an

nelarabine [SEP]


AraG [SEP] A combination of 5 d of nelarabine (AraG) with 5 d of etoposide (VP) and cyclophosphamide (CPM) and prop

nelarabine [SEP]


etoposide [SEP] A combination of 5 d of nelarabine (AraG) with 5 d of etoposide (VP) and cyclophosphamide (CPM) and prophylactic intrathecal ch


VP [SEP]  combination of 5 d of nelarabine (AraG) with 5 d of etoposide (VP) and cyclophosphamide (CPM) and prophylactic intrathecal chemot


cyclophosphamide [SEP] tion of 5 d of nelarabine (AraG) with 5 d of etoposide (VP) and cyclophosphamide (CPM) and prophylactic intrathecal chemotherapy was used as sal


CPM [SEP] arabine (AraG) with 5 d of etoposide (VP) and cyclophosphamide (CPM) and prophylactic intrathecal chemotherapy was used as salvage


T-cell leukaemia [SEP] s salvage therapy in seven children with refractory or relapsed T-cell leukaemia or lymphoma. The most common side effects attributable to the A


neuropathy [SEP] tributable to the AraG included Grade 2 and 3 sensory and motor neuropathy and musculoskeletal pain. Haematological toxicity was greater f

Nervous System Diseases [SEP] Diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system. This includes disorders of the brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, periph


musculoskeletal pain [SEP] he AraG included Grade 2 and 3 sensory and motor neuropathy and musculoskeletal pain. Haematological toxicity was greater for the combination than A

Musculoskeletal Pain [SEP] Discomfort stemming from muscles, LIGAMENTS, tendons, and bones.


Haematological toxicity [SEP]  2 and 3 sensory and motor neuropathy and musculoskeletal pain. Haematological toxicity was greater for the combination than AraG alone, although media

Hematologic Diseases [SEP] Disorders of the blood and blood forming tissues.


neurological toxicity [SEP] rapy in synchrony with etoposide and cyclophosphamide, although neurological toxicity must be closely monitored.


sulphasalazine [SEP] The 3-week sulphasalazine syndrome strikes again.

Sulfasalazine [SEP] A drug that is used in the management of inflammatory bowel diseases. Its activity is generally considered to lie in its metabol


dermatitis [SEP] A 34-year-old lady developed a constellation of dermatitis, fever, lymphadenopathy and hepatitis, beginning on the 17th da

Dermatitis [SEP] Any inflammation of the skin.


fever [SEP] A 34-year-old lady developed a constellation of dermatitis, fever, lymphadenopathy and hepatitis, beginning on the 17th day of a

Fever [SEP] An abnormal elevation of body temperature, usually as a result of a pathologic process.


lymphadenopathy [SEP] 4-year-old lady developed a constellation of dermatitis, fever, lymphadenopathy and hepatitis, beginning on the 17th day of a course of oral su

Lymphatic Diseases [SEP] Diseases of LYMPH; LYMPH NODES; or LYMPHATIC VESSELS.


hepatitis [SEP] loped a constellation of dermatitis, fever, lymphadenopathy and hepatitis, beginning on the 17th day of a course of oral sulphasalazine f

Drug-Induced Liver Injury [SEP] A spectrum of clinical liver diseases ranging from mild biochemical abnormalities to ACUTE LIVER FAILURE, caused by drugs, drug


sulphasalazine [SEP] hy and hepatitis, beginning on the 17th day of a course of oral sulphasalazine for sero-negative rheumatoid arthritis. Cervical and inguinal l


rheumatoid arthritis [SEP] e 17th day of a course of oral sulphasalazine for sero-negative rheumatoid arthritis. Cervical and inguinal lymph node biopsies showed the features

Arthritis, Rheumatoid [SEP] A chronic systemic disease, primarily of the joints, marked by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and articular stru


lymphadenitis [SEP] l lymph node biopsies showed the features of severe necrotising lymphadenitis, associated with erythrophagocytosis and prominent eosinophilic

Lymphadenitis [SEP] Inflammation of the lymph nodes.


adverse drug reaction [SEP] c infiltrates, without viral inclusion bodies, suggestive of an adverse drug reaction.A week later, fulminant drug-induced hepatitis, associated with

Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions [SEP] Disorders that result from the intended use of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. Included in this heading are a broad variety of chem


drug-induced hepatitis [SEP]  suggestive of an adverse drug reaction.A week later, fulminant drug-induced hepatitis, associated with the presence of anti-nuclear autoantibodies (b


autoimmunity [SEP] e of anti-nuclear autoantibodies (but not with other markers of autoimmunity), and accompanied by multi-organ failure and sepsis, supervened

Autoimmune Diseases [SEP] Disorders that are characterized by the production of antibodies that react with host tissues or immune effector cells that are


multi-organ failure [SEP] but not with other markers of autoimmunity), and accompanied by multi-organ failure and sepsis, supervened. She subsequently died some 5 weeks afte

Multiple Organ Failure [SEP] A progressive condition usually characterized by combined failure of several organs such as the lungs, liver, kidney, along with


sepsis [SEP] rs of autoimmunity), and accompanied by multi-organ failure and sepsis, supervened. She subsequently died some 5 weeks after the comme

Sepsis [SEP] Systemic inflammatory response syndrome with a proven or suspected infectious etiology. When sepsis is associated with organ dys


massive hepatocellular necrosis [SEP]  of her drug therapy.Post-mortem examination showed evidence of massive hepatocellular necrosis, acute hypersensitivity myocarditis, focal acute tubulo-interst

Massive Hepatic Necrosis [SEP] Extensive and rapid death of parenchymal cells in the LIVER, often due to exposure to toxic materials. It is characterized by a


myocarditis [SEP] ence of massive hepatocellular necrosis, acute hypersensitivity myocarditis, focal acute tubulo-interstitial nephritis and extensive bone m

Myocarditis [SEP] Inflammatory processes of the muscular walls of the heart (MYOCARDIUM) which result in injury to the cardiac muscle cells (MYOCY


nephritis [SEP] e hypersensitivity myocarditis, focal acute tubulo-interstitial nephritis and extensive bone marrow necrosis, with no evidence of maligna

Nephritis [SEP] Inflammation of any part of the KIDNEY.


bone marrow necrosis [SEP] rditis, focal acute tubulo-interstitial nephritis and extensive bone marrow necrosis, with no evidence of malignancy. It is thought that the clinico

Bone Marrow Diseases [SEP]


malignancy [SEP] phritis and extensive bone marrow necrosis, with no evidence of malignancy. It is thought that the clinico-pathological features and chron

Neoplasms [SEP] New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and me


Bupropion [SEP] Bupropion (Zyban) toxicity.

Bupropion [SEP] A unicyclic, aminoketone antidepressant. The mechanism of its therapeutic actions is not well understood, but it does appear to


Zyban [SEP] Bupropion (Zyban) toxicity.


toxicity [SEP] Bupropion (Zyban) toxicity.


Bupropion [SEP] Bupropion is a monocyclic antidepressant structurally related to amphetam


antidepressant [SEP] Bupropion is a monocyclic antidepressant structurally related to amphetamine. Zyban, a sustained-release

Antidepressive Agents [SEP] Mood-stimulating drugs used primarily in the treatment of affective disorders and related conditions. Several MONOAMINE OXIDASE


amphetamine [SEP] upropion is a monocyclic antidepressant structurally related to amphetamine. Zyban, a sustained-release formulation of bupropion hydrochlor

Amphetamine [SEP] A powerful central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic. Amphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blockin


Zyban [SEP]  monocyclic antidepressant structurally related to amphetamine. Zyban, a sustained-release formulation of bupropion hydrochloride, wa


bupropion hydrochloride [SEP] lated to amphetamine. Zyban, a sustained-release formulation of bupropion hydrochloride, was recently released in Ireland, as a smoking cessation aid.


overdose [SEP] sation aid. In the initial 6 months since it's introduction, 12 overdose cases have been reported to The National Poisons Information Ce

Drug Overdose [SEP] Accidental or deliberate use of a medication or street drug in excess of normal dosage.


toxicity [SEP] al Poisons Information Centre. 8 patients developed symptoms of toxicity. Common features included tachycardia, drowsiness, hallucinatio


tachycardia [SEP] tients developed symptoms of toxicity. Common features included tachycardia, drowsiness, hallucinations and convulsions. Two patients devel

Tachycardia [SEP] Abnormally rapid heartbeat, usually with a HEART RATE above 100 beats per minute for adults. Tachycardia accompanied by disturba


hallucinations [SEP]  of toxicity. Common features included tachycardia, drowsiness, hallucinations and convulsions. Two patients developed severe cardiac arrhythm

Hallucinations [SEP] Subjectively experienced sensations in the absence of an appropriate stimulus, but which are regarded by the individual as real.


convulsions [SEP] n features included tachycardia, drowsiness, hallucinations and convulsions. Two patients developed severe cardiac arrhythmias, including o

Seizures [SEP] Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of br


cardiac arrhythmias [SEP] , hallucinations and convulsions. Two patients developed severe cardiac arrhythmias, including one patient who was resuscitated following a cardiac

Arrhythmias, Cardiac [SEP] Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be classified by


cardiac arrest [SEP] ythmias, including one patient who was resuscitated following a cardiac arrest. All patients recovered without sequelae. We report a case of a

Heart Arrest [SEP] Cessation of heart beat or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. If it is treated within a few minutes, heart arrest can be reversed in most c


bupropion [SEP] lated to amphetamine. Zyban, a sustained-release formulation of bupropion hydrochloride, was recently released in Ireland, as a smoking c


seizures [SEP] tive therapy, following ingestion of 13.5g bupropion. Recurrent seizures were treated with diazepam and broad complex tachycardia was su


diazepam [SEP] estion of 13.5g bupropion. Recurrent seizures were treated with diazepam and broad complex tachycardia was successfully treated with ade

Diazepam [SEP] A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of actio


adenosine [SEP] pam and broad complex tachycardia was successfully treated with adenosine. Zyban caused significant neurological and cardiovascular toxic

Adenosine [SEP] A nucleoside that is composed of ADENINE and D-RIBOSE. Adenosine or adenosine derivatives play many important biological roles i


cardiovascular toxicity [SEP] eated with adenosine. Zyban caused significant neurological and cardiovascular toxicity in overdose. The potential toxic effects should be considered w

Cardiovascular Diseases [SEP] Pathological conditions involving the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM including the HEART; the BLOOD VESSELS; or the PERICARDIUM.


indocyanine green [SEP] Survey of complications of indocyanine green angiography in Japan.

Indocyanine Green [SEP] A tricarbocyanine dye that is used diagnostically in liver function tests and to determine blood volume and cardiac output.


indocyanine green [SEP] PURPOSE: We evaluated the safety of indocyanine green for use in fundus angiography. METHODS: We sent a questionnaire


nausea [SEP] rse reactions (0.34%), ten of which were mild reactions such as nausea, exanthema, urtication, itchiness, and urgency to defecate, and

Nausea [SEP] An unpleasant sensation in the stomach usually accompanied by the urge to vomit. Common causes are early pregnancy, sea and moti


exanthema [SEP] tions (0.34%), ten of which were mild reactions such as nausea, exanthema, urtication, itchiness, and urgency to defecate, and did not re

Exanthema [SEP] Diseases in which skin eruptions or rashes are a prominent manifestation. Classically, six such diseases were described with sim


urtication [SEP] %), ten of which were mild reactions such as nausea, exanthema, urtication, itchiness, and urgency to defecate, and did not require treatm

Urticaria [SEP] A vascular reaction of the skin characterized by erythema and wheal formation due to localized increase of vascular permeability


itchiness [SEP] hich were mild reactions such as nausea, exanthema, urtication, itchiness, and urgency to defecate, and did not require treatment. Also r

Pruritus [SEP] An intense itching sensation that produces the urge to rub or scratch the skin to obtain relief.


pain [SEP] , and did not require treatment. Also recorded were one case of pain of the vein, which required treatment, and two cases of hypoten

Pain [SEP] An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS.


hypotension [SEP] of pain of the vein, which required treatment, and two cases of hypotension. The two hypotensive patients required treatment for shock. CON

Hypotension [SEP] Abnormally low BLOOD PRESSURE that can result in inadequate blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. Common symptom is DI


hypotensive [SEP] which required treatment, and two cases of hypotension. The two hypotensive patients required treatment for shock. CONCLUSIONS: A compariso


shock [SEP] ypotension. The two hypotensive patients required treatment for shock. CONCLUSIONS: A comparison of frequency of adverse reactions to

Shock [SEP] A pathological condition manifested by failure to perfuse or oxygenate vital organs.


fluorescein sodium [SEP] een with the previously reported frequency of such reactions to fluorescein sodium indicated that indocyanine green is a safe as fluorescein for u

Fluorescein [SEP] A phthalic indicator dye that appears yellow-green in normal tear film and bright green in a more alkaline medium such as the aq


fluorescein [SEP] een with the previously reported frequency of such reactions to fluorescein sodium indicated that indocyanine green is a safe as fluorescei


Bradykinin [SEP] Bradykinin receptors antagonists and nitric oxide synthase inhibitors in v

Bradykinin [SEP] A nonapeptide messenger that is enzymatically produced from KALLIDIN in the blood where it is a potent but short-lived agent of


nitric oxide [SEP] Bradykinin receptors antagonists and nitric oxide synthase inhibitors in vincristine and streptozotocin induced h

Nitric Oxide [SEP] A free radical gas produced endogenously by a variety of mammalian cells, synthesized from ARGININE by NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE. Ni


vincristine [SEP] n receptors antagonists and nitric oxide synthase inhibitors in vincristine and streptozotocin induced hyperalgesia in chemotherapy and dia

Vincristine [SEP] Antitumor alkaloid isolated from Vinca Rosea. (Merck, 11th ed.)


streptozotocin [SEP] gonists and nitric oxide synthase inhibitors in vincristine and streptozotocin induced hyperalgesia in chemotherapy and diabetic neuropathy ra

Streptozocin [SEP] An antibiotic that is produced by Stretomyces achromogenes. It is used as an antineoplastic agent and to induce diabetes in expe


hyperalgesia [SEP] e synthase inhibitors in vincristine and streptozotocin induced hyperalgesia in chemotherapy and diabetic neuropathy rat model.

Hyperalgesia [SEP] An increased sensation of pain or discomfort produced by mimimally noxious stimuli due to damage to soft tissue containing NOCIC


diabetic neuropathy [SEP] ine and streptozotocin induced hyperalgesia in chemotherapy and diabetic neuropathy rat model.

Diabetic Neuropathies [SEP] Peripheral, autonomic, and cranial nerve disorders that are associated with DIABETES MELLITUS. These conditions usually result f


NO [SEP] OSE: The influence of an irreversible inhibitor of constitutive NO synthase (L-NOArg; 1.0 mg/kg ip), a relatively selective inhibi


bradykinin [SEP] tagonists of B2 and B1 receptors: D-Arg-[Hyp3,Thi5,D-Tic7,Oic8] bradykinin (HOE 140; 70 nmol/kg ip) or des Arg10 HOE 140 (70 nmol/kg ip) r


HOE 140 [SEP]  B2 and B1 receptors: D-Arg-[Hyp3,Thi5,D-Tic7,Oic8] bradykinin (HOE 140; 70 nmol/kg ip) or des Arg10 HOE 140 (70 nmol/kg ip) respective

icatibant [SEP]


des Arg10 HOE 140 [SEP] -[Hyp3,Thi5,D-Tic7,Oic8] bradykinin (HOE 140; 70 nmol/kg ip) or des Arg10 HOE 140 (70 nmol/kg ip) respectively, in model of diabetic (streptozoto

HOE 140, desArg(10)- [SEP]


toxic (vincristine-induced) neuropathy [SEP] respectively, in model of diabetic (streptozotocin-induced) and toxic (vincristine-induced) neuropathy was investigated. METHODS: The changes in pain thresholds were

Peripheral Nervous System Diseases [SEP] Diseases of the peripheral nerves external to the brain and spinal cord, which includes diseases of the nerve roots, ganglia, pl


pain [SEP] e-induced) neuropathy was investigated. METHODS: The changes in pain thresholds were determined using mechanical stimuli--the modifi


diabetic hyperalgesia [SEP] cible NO synthase but not neuronal NO synthase activity reduces diabetic hyperalgesia. Pretreatment with L-NOArg and L-NIL but not 7-NI, significantl


hyperalgesia [SEP] synthase but not neuronal NO synthase activity reduces diabetic hyperalgesia. Pretreatment with L-NOArg and L-NIL but not 7-NI, significantl


vincristine [SEP] ively, in model of diabetic (streptozotocin-induced) and toxic (vincristine-induced) neuropathy was investigated. METHODS: The changes in p


des-Arg10HOE 140 [SEP] but not L-NIL intensify antihyperalgesic activity of HOE 140 or des-Arg10HOE 140 in toxic neuropathy. CONCLUSIONS: Results of these studies sugg

HOE 140, desArg(10)- [SEP]


toxic neuropathy [SEP] ify antihyperalgesic activity of HOE 140 or des-Arg10HOE 140 in toxic neuropathy. CONCLUSIONS: Results of these studies suggest that B1 and B2 r


streptozotocin [SEP] g10 HOE 140 (70 nmol/kg ip) respectively, in model of diabetic (streptozotocin-induced) and toxic (vincristine-induced) neuropathy was investi


neuropathic pain [SEP] s and NO synthase inhibitors can be effective in alleviation of neuropathic pain, even in hospital care.

Neuralgia [SEP] Intense or aching pain that occurs along the course or distribution of a peripheral or cranial nerve.


Cardiac toxicity [SEP] Cardiac toxicity observed in association with high-dose cyclophosphamide-based c

Cardiotoxicity [SEP] Damage to the heart or its function secondary to exposure to toxic substances such as drugs used in CHEMOTHERAPY; IMMUNOTHERAPY;


cyclophosphamide [SEP] Cardiac toxicity observed in association with high-dose cyclophosphamide-based chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer.

Cyclophosphamide [SEP] Precursor of an alkylating nitrogen mustard antineoplastic and immunosuppressive agent that must be activated in the LIVER to fo


breast cancer [SEP] th high-dose cyclophosphamide-based chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer.

Breast Neoplasms [SEP] Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.


Cyclophosphamide [SEP] INTRODUCTION: Cyclophosphamide is an alkylating agent given frequently as a component of many


toxicity [SEP] ing regimens. In high doses, its nonhematological dose-limiting toxicity is cardiomyopathy. STUDY DESIGN: We combined paclitaxel, melpha

Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions [SEP] Disorders that result from the intended use of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. Included in this heading are a broad variety of chem


cardiomyopathy [SEP] . In high doses, its nonhematological dose-limiting toxicity is cardiomyopathy. STUDY DESIGN: We combined paclitaxel, melphalan and high-dose

Cardiomyopathies [SEP] A group of diseases in which the dominant feature is the involvement of the CARDIAC MUSCLE itself. Cardiomyopathies are classifi


paclitaxel [SEP] -limiting toxicity is cardiomyopathy. STUDY DESIGN: We combined paclitaxel, melphalan and high-dose cyclophosphamide, thiotepa, and carbop

Paclitaxel [SEP] A cyclodecane isolated from the bark of the Pacific yew tree, TAXUS BREVIFOLIA. It stabilizes MICROTUBULES in their polymerized


melphalan [SEP] xicity is cardiomyopathy. STUDY DESIGN: We combined paclitaxel, melphalan and high-dose cyclophosphamide, thiotepa, and carboplatin in a

Melphalan [SEP] An alkylating nitrogen mustard that is used as an antineoplastic in the form of the levo isomer - MELPHALAN, the racemic mixture


cyclophosphamide [SEP] . STUDY DESIGN: We combined paclitaxel, melphalan and high-dose cyclophosphamide, thiotepa, and carboplatin in a triple sequential high-dose reg


thiotepa [SEP]  combined paclitaxel, melphalan and high-dose cyclophosphamide, thiotepa, and carboplatin in a triple sequential high-dose regimen for p

Thiotepa [SEP] A very toxic alkylating antineoplastic agent also used as an insect sterilant. It causes skin, gastrointestinal, CNS, and bone m


carboplatin [SEP] itaxel, melphalan and high-dose cyclophosphamide, thiotepa, and carboplatin in a triple sequential high-dose regimen for patients with meta

Carboplatin [SEP] An organoplatinum compound that possesses antineoplastic activity.


breast cancer [SEP] riple sequential high-dose regimen for patients with metastatic breast cancer. Analysis was performed on 61 women with chemotherapy-responsiv


congestive heart failure [SEP] egimen to assess association between presence of peritransplant congestive heart failure (CHF) and the following pretreatment characteristics: presence

Heart Failure [SEP] A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Hear


CHF [SEP] on between presence of peritransplant congestive heart failure (CHF) and the following pretreatment characteristics: presence of el


hypertension [SEP] istics: presence of electrocardiogram (EKG) abnormalities, age, hypertension, prior cardiac history, smoking, diabetes mellitus, prior use o

Hypertension [SEP] Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is c


diabetes mellitus [SEP] normalities, age, hypertension, prior cardiac history, smoking, diabetes mellitus, prior use of anthracyclines, and left-sided chest irradiation.

Diabetes Mellitus [SEP] A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by HYPERGLYCEMIA and GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE.


anthracyclines [SEP] prior cardiac history, smoking, diabetes mellitus, prior use of anthracyclines, and left-sided chest irradiation. RESULTS: Six of 61 women (10

Anthracyclines [SEP] Organic compounds that have a tetrahydronaphthacenedione ring structure attached by a glycosidic linkage to the amino sugar daun


cardiac toxicity [SEP] raction of 31%. Incidence of transient cyclophosphamide-related cardiac toxicity (10%) is comparable to previous recorded literature. Older age


carbamazepine [SEP] Inappropriate use of carbamazepine and vigabatrin in typical absence seizures.

Carbamazepine [SEP] An anticonvulsant used to control grand mal and psychomotor or focal seizures. Its mode of action is not fully understood, but s


vigabatrin [SEP] Inappropriate use of carbamazepine and vigabatrin in typical absence seizures.

Vigabatrin [SEP] An analogue of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID. It is an irreversible inhibitor of 4-AMINOBUTYRATE TRANSAMINASE, the enzyme responsible


absence seizures [SEP] Inappropriate use of carbamazepine and vigabatrin in typical absence seizures.

Epilepsy, Absence [SEP] A childhood seizure disorder characterized by rhythmic electrical brain discharges of generalized onset. Clinical features inclu


Carbamazepine [SEP] Carbamazepine and vigabatrin are contraindicated in typical absence seizures.


vigabatrin [SEP] Carbamazepine and vigabatrin are contraindicated in typical absence seizures. Of 18 consecut


absence seizures [SEP] Carbamazepine and vigabatrin are contraindicated in typical absence seizures. Of 18 consecutive referrals of children with resistant typical


carbamazepine [SEP] tant typical absences only, eight were erroneously treated with carbamazepine either as monotherapy or as an add-on. Vigabatrin was also used


Vigabatrin [SEP] eated with carbamazepine either as monotherapy or as an add-on. Vigabatrin was also used in the treatment of two children. Frequency of ab


myoclonic jerks [SEP]  children treated with carbamazepine and two of these developed myoclonic jerks, which resolved on withdrawal of carbamazepine. Absences were a

Myoclonus [SEP] Involuntary shock-like contractions, irregular in rhythm and amplitude, followed by relaxation, of a muscle or a group of muscle


sodium valproate [SEP] nt treatment. Optimal control of the absences was achieved with sodium valproate, lamotrigine, or ethosuximide alone or in combination.

Valproic Acid [SEP] A fatty acid with anticonvulsant properties used in the treatment of epilepsy. The mechanisms of its therapeutic actions are not


lamotrigine [SEP] mal control of the absences was achieved with sodium valproate, lamotrigine, or ethosuximide alone or in combination.

lamotrigine [SEP]


ethosuximide [SEP] he absences was achieved with sodium valproate, lamotrigine, or ethosuximide alone or in combination.

Ethosuximide [SEP] An anticonvulsant especially useful in the treatment of absence seizures unaccompanied by other types of seizures.


Hemolytic anemia [SEP] Hemolytic anemia associated with the use of omeprazole.

Anemia, Hemolytic [SEP] A condition of inadequate circulating red blood cells (ANEMIA) or insufficient HEMOGLOBIN due to premature destruction of red bl


omeprazole [SEP] Hemolytic anemia associated with the use of omeprazole.

Omeprazole [SEP] A 4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridyl, 5-methoxybenzimidazole derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS


Omeprazole [SEP] Omeprazole is the first drug designed to block the final step in the acid


peptic ulcer disease [SEP] It has been shown to be extremely effective in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease, reflux esophagitis, and the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Althou

Peptic Ulcer [SEP] Ulcer that occurs in the regions of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT which come into contact with GASTRIC JUICE containing PEPSIN and


reflux esophagitis [SEP] e extremely effective in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease, reflux esophagitis, and the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Although clinical experien

Gastroesophageal Reflux [SEP] Retrograde flow of gastric juice (GASTRIC ACID) and/or duodenal contents (BILE ACIDS; PANCREATIC JUICE) into the distal ESOPHAGU


Zollinger-Ellison syndrome [SEP]  treatment of peptic ulcer disease, reflux esophagitis, and the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Although clinical experience with omeprazole is still limited,

Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome [SEP] A syndrome that is characterized by the triad of severe PEPTIC ULCER, hypersecretion of GASTRIC ACID, and GASTRIN-producing tumo


omeprazole [SEP] e Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Although clinical experience with omeprazole is still limited, many controlled studies have established the


hemolytic anemia [SEP] serious short-term adverse reaction with the use of omeprazole: hemolytic anemia. The patient developed weakness, lethargy, and shortness of bre


lethargy [SEP] f omeprazole: hemolytic anemia. The patient developed weakness, lethargy, and shortness of breath 2 days after starting therapy with ome

Lethargy [SEP] A general state of sluggishness, listless, or uninterested, with being tired, and having difficulty concentrating and doing simp


shortness of breath [SEP] hemolytic anemia. The patient developed weakness, lethargy, and shortness of breath 2 days after starting therapy with omeprazole. Two weeks after

Dyspnea [SEP] Difficult or labored breathing.


bilirubin [SEP] sitive direct Coombs antiglobulin test and an elevated indirect bilirubin. After she discontinued the omeprazole, her hemoglobin and hema

Bilirubin [SEP] A bile pigment that is a degradation product of HEME.


toxicity [SEP] The use and toxicity of didanosine (ddI) in HIV antibody-positive individuals intole

Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions [SEP] Disorders that result from the intended use of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. Included in this heading are a broad variety of chem


didanosine [SEP] The use and toxicity of didanosine (ddI) in HIV antibody-positive individuals intolerant to zidovu

Didanosine [SEP] A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by a hydrogen. This modificatio


ddI [SEP] The use and toxicity of didanosine (ddI) in HIV antibody-positive individuals intolerant to zidovudine


HIV antibody-positive [SEP] The use and toxicity of didanosine (ddI) in HIV antibody-positive individuals intolerant to zidovudine (AZT)

HIV Infections [SEP] Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity, thru AIDS-related


zidovudine [SEP] nosine (ddI) in HIV antibody-positive individuals intolerant to zidovudine (AZT)

Zidovudine [SEP] A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by an azido group. This modific


AZT [SEP]  in HIV antibody-positive individuals intolerant to zidovudine (AZT)


zidovudine [SEP] One hundred and fifty-one patients intolerant to zidovudine (AZT) received didanosine (ddI) to a maximum dose of 12.5 mg/kg


AZT [SEP] One hundred and fifty-one patients intolerant to zidovudine (AZT) received didanosine (ddI) to a maximum dose of 12.5 mg/kg/day.


didanosine [SEP]  and fifty-one patients intolerant to zidovudine (AZT) received didanosine (ddI) to a maximum dose of 12.5 mg/kg/day. Patient response was


ddI [SEP] ne patients intolerant to zidovudine (AZT) received didanosine (ddI) to a maximum dose of 12.5 mg/kg/day. Patient response was asse


opportunistic infections [SEP] , weight, and quality of life. Seventy patients developed major opportunistic infections whilst on therapy; this was the first AIDS diagnosis in 17. Onl

Opportunistic Infections [SEP] An infection caused by an organism which becomes pathogenic under certain conditions, e.g., during immunosuppression.


AIDS [SEP]  opportunistic infections whilst on therapy; this was the first AIDS diagnosis in 17. Only minor changes in CD4+ lymphocyte subset c

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome [SEP] An acquired defect of cellular immunity associated with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a CD4-positive T-ly


diarrhoea [SEP] able to didanosine were common. The most common side-effect was diarrhoea, which resulted in cessation of therapy in 19 individuals. Peri

Diarrhea [SEP] An increased liquidity or decreased consistency of FECES, such as running stool. Fecal consistency is related to the ratio of wa


Peripheral neuropathy [SEP] hoea, which resulted in cessation of therapy in 19 individuals. Peripheral neuropathy occurred in 12 patients and pancreatitis in six. Thirteen patie

Peripheral Nervous System Diseases [SEP] Diseases of the peripheral nerves external to the brain and spinal cord, which includes diseases of the nerve roots, ganglia, pl


pancreatitis [SEP]  individuals. Peripheral neuropathy occurred in 12 patients and pancreatitis in six. Thirteen patients developed a raised serum amylase with

Pancreatitis [SEP] INFLAMMATION of the PANCREAS. Pancreatitis is classified as acute unless there are computed tomographic or endoscopic retrograde


abdominal pain [SEP] six. Thirteen patients developed a raised serum amylase without abdominal pain. Seven patients developed glucose tolerance curves characterist

Abdominal Pain [SEP] Sensation of discomfort, distress, or agony in the abdominal region; generally associated with functional disorders, tissue inju


glucose tolerance curves [SEP]  serum amylase without abdominal pain. Seven patients developed glucose tolerance curves characteristic of diabetes but these were mild, did not require

Glucose Intolerance [SEP] A pathological state in which BLOOD GLUCOSE level is less than approximately 140 mg/100 ml of PLASMA at fasting, and above appro


diabetes [SEP] n patients developed glucose tolerance curves characteristic of diabetes but these were mild, did not require treatment and returned to

Diabetes Mellitus [SEP] A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by HYPERGLYCEMIA and GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE.


ribavirin [SEP] Can angiogenesis be a target of treatment for ribavirin associated hemolytic anemia?

Ribavirin [SEP] A nucleoside antimetabolite antiviral agent that blocks nucleic acid synthesis and is used against both RNA and DNA viruses.


hemolytic anemia [SEP]  angiogenesis be a target of treatment for ribavirin associated hemolytic anemia?

Anemia, Hemolytic [SEP] A condition of inadequate circulating red blood cells (ANEMIA) or insufficient HEMOGLOBIN due to premature destruction of red bl


ribavirin [SEP] BACKGROUND/AIMS: Recently ribavirin has been found to inhibit angiogenesis and a number of angiogen


sunitinib [SEP] it angiogenesis and a number of angiogenesis inhibitors such as sunitinib and sorafenib have been found to cause acute hemolysis. We aime

sunitinib [SEP]


sorafenib [SEP] s and a number of angiogenesis inhibitors such as sunitinib and sorafenib have been found to cause acute hemolysis. We aimed to investiga

sorafenib [SEP]


hemolysis [SEP]  such as sunitinib and sorafenib have been found to cause acute hemolysis. We aimed to investigate whether there is a relation between he

Hemolysis [SEP] The destruction of ERYTHROCYTES by many different causal agents such as antibodies, bacteria, chemicals, temperature, and change


anemia [SEP] ch are modifiable and can help in developing strategies against anemia. METHODS: Fourteen patients chronically infected with hepatitis

Anemia [SEP] A reduction in the number of circulating ERYTHROCYTES or in the quantity of HEMOGLOBIN.


chronically infected with hepatitis C virus [SEP] eveloping strategies against anemia. METHODS: Fourteen patients chronically infected with hepatitis C virus were treated by pegylated interferon alpha 2a and ribavirin. Se

Hepatitis C, Chronic [SEP] INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans that is caused by HEPATITIS C VIRUS lasting six months or more. Chronic hepatitis C can lead


pegylated interferon alpha 2a [SEP] nts chronically infected with hepatitis C virus were treated by pegylated interferon alpha 2a and ribavirin. Serum hemoglobin, haptoglobin and angiogenesis m

peginterferon alfa-2a [SEP]


pegylated interferon [SEP] nts chronically infected with hepatitis C virus were treated by pegylated interferon alpha 2a and ribavirin. Serum hemoglobin, haptoglobin and angio

peginterferon alfa-2b [SEP]


hepatitis C [SEP] st anemia. METHODS: Fourteen patients chronically infected with hepatitis C virus were treated by pegylated interferon alpha 2a and ribavir


Cocaine [SEP] Cocaine causes memory and learning impairments in rats: involvement of

Cocaine [SEP] An alkaloid ester extracted from the leaves of plants including coca. It is a local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor and is clinic


learning impairments [SEP] Cocaine causes memory and learning impairments in rats: involvement of nuclear factor kappa B and oxidative st

Learning Disorders [SEP] Conditions characterized by a significant discrepancy between an individual's perceived level of intellect and their ability to


topiramate [SEP]  nuclear factor kappa B and oxidative stress, and prevention by topiramate.

topiramate [SEP]


cocaine [SEP] Different mechanisms have been suggested for cocaine toxicity including an increase in oxidative stress but the asso


toxicity [SEP] Different mechanisms have been suggested for cocaine toxicity including an increase in oxidative stress but the association b

Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions [SEP] Disorders that result from the intended use of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. Included in this heading are a broad variety of chem


nitric oxide [SEP] anisms. Therefore NFkappaB activity, oxidative stress, neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) activity, spatial learning and memory as well a

Nitric Oxide [SEP] A free radical gas produced endogenously by a variety of mammalian cells, synthesized from ARGININE by NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE. Ni


topiramate [SEP]  activity, spatial learning and memory as well as the effect of topiramate, a previously proposed therapy for cocaine addiction, were eval

topiramate [SEP]


cocaine addiction [SEP]  as the effect of topiramate, a previously proposed therapy for cocaine addiction, were evaluated in an experimental model of cocaine administrat

Cocaine-Related Disorders [SEP] Disorders related or resulting from use of cocaine.


GSH [SEP] eased in the frontal cortex of cocaine treated rats, as well as GSH concentration and glutathione peroxidase activity in the hippoc

Glutathione [SEP] A tripeptide with many roles in cells. It conjugates to drugs to make them more soluble for excretion, is a cofactor for some en


glutathione [SEP] ortex of cocaine treated rats, as well as GSH concentration and glutathione peroxidase activity in the hippocampus, whereas nNOS activity i


Topiramate [SEP] tive stress and NFkappaB in the alterations induced by cocaine. Topiramate prevented all the alterations observed, showing novel neuroprot

topiramate [SEP]


PG-9 [SEP] antiamnesic properties of the presynaptic cholinergic amplifier PG-9.

N-methyltropan-3-yl 2-(4-bromophenyl)propionate [SEP]


3 alpha-tropyl 2-(p-bromophenyl)propionate [SEP] The antinociceptive effect of 3 alpha-tropyl 2-(p-bromophenyl)propionate [(+/-)-PG-9] (10-40 mg kg-1 s.c.; 30-60 mg kg-1 p.o.; 10-30 mg


PG-9 [SEP] ive effect of 3 alpha-tropyl 2-(p-bromophenyl)propionate [(+/-)-PG-9] (10-40 mg kg-1 s.c.; 30-60 mg kg-1 p.o.; 10-30 mg kg-1 i.v.; 1


atropine [SEP] /-)-PG-9 was prevented by the unselective muscarinic antagonist atropine, the M1-selective antagonists pirenzepine and dicyclomine and t

Atropine [SEP] An alkaloid, originally from Atropa belladonna, but found in other plants, mainly SOLANACEAE. Hyoscyamine is the 3(S)-endo isome


pirenzepine [SEP] ve muscarinic antagonist atropine, the M1-selective antagonists pirenzepine and dicyclomine and the acetylcholine depletor hemicholinium-3,

Pirenzepine [SEP] An antimuscarinic agent that inhibits gastric secretion at lower doses than are required to affect gastrointestinal motility, sa


dicyclomine [SEP] tagonist atropine, the M1-selective antagonists pirenzepine and dicyclomine and the acetylcholine depletor hemicholinium-3, but not by the

Dicyclomine [SEP] A muscarinic antagonist used as an antispasmodic and in urinary incontinence. It has little effect on glandular secretion or the


acetylcholine [SEP] he M1-selective antagonists pirenzepine and dicyclomine and the acetylcholine depletor hemicholinium-3, but not by the opioid antagonist nalo

Acetylcholine [SEP] A neurotransmitter found at neuromuscular junctions, autonomic ganglia, parasympathetic effector junctions, a subset of sympathe


hemicholinium-3 [SEP] ists pirenzepine and dicyclomine and the acetylcholine depletor hemicholinium-3, but not by the opioid antagonist naloxone, the gamma-aminobuty

Hemicholinium 3 [SEP] A potent inhibitor of the high affinity uptake system for CHOLINE. It has less effect on the low affinity uptake system. Since c


naloxone [SEP] line depletor hemicholinium-3, but not by the opioid antagonist naloxone, the gamma-aminobutyric acidB antagonist 3-aminopropyl-diethoxy

Naloxone [SEP] A specific opiate antagonist that has no agonist activity. It is a competitive antagonist at mu, delta, and kappa opioid recepto


gamma-aminobutyric acidB [SEP] hemicholinium-3, but not by the opioid antagonist naloxone, the gamma-aminobutyric acidB antagonist 3-aminopropyl-diethoxy-methyl-phosphinic acid, the H

gamma-Aminobutyric Acid [SEP] The most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.


3-aminopropyl-diethoxy-methyl-phosphinic acid [SEP] id antagonist naloxone, the gamma-aminobutyric acidB antagonist 3-aminopropyl-diethoxy-methyl-phosphinic acid, the H3 agonist R-(alpha)-methylhistamine, the D2 antagonist qu

CGP 35348 [SEP]


R-(alpha)-methylhistamine [SEP] t 3-aminopropyl-diethoxy-methyl-phosphinic acid, the H3 agonist R-(alpha)-methylhistamine, the D2 antagonist quinpirole, the 5-hydroxytryptamine4 antagon

alpha-methylhistamine [SEP]


quinpirole [SEP] id, the H3 agonist R-(alpha)-methylhistamine, the D2 antagonist quinpirole, the 5-hydroxytryptamine4 antagonist 2-methoxy-4-amino-5-chloro

Quinpirole [SEP] A dopamine D2/D3 receptor agonist.


5-hydroxytryptamine4 [SEP] st R-(alpha)-methylhistamine, the D2 antagonist quinpirole, the 5-hydroxytryptamine4 antagonist 2-methoxy-4-amino-5-chlorobenzoic acid 2-(diethylami

Serotonin [SEP] A biochemical messenger and regulator, synthesized from the essential amino acid L-TRYPTOPHAN. In humans it is found primarily i


2-methoxy-4-amino-5-chlorobenzoic acid 2-(diethylamino)ethyl ester [SEP] e D2 antagonist quinpirole, the 5-hydroxytryptamine4 antagonist 2-methoxy-4-amino-5-chlorobenzoic acid 2-(diethylamino)ethyl ester hydrochloride, the 5-hydroxytryptamin1A antagonist 1-(2-methoxy

2-methoxy-4-amino-5-chlorobenzoic acid 2-(diethylamino)ethyl ester [SEP]


5-hydroxytryptamin1A [SEP] lorobenzoic acid 2-(diethylamino)ethyl ester hydrochloride, the 5-hydroxytryptamin1A antagonist 1-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4-[4-(2-phthalimido)butyl]pipera


1-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4-[4-(2-phthalimido)butyl]piperazine [SEP] )ethyl ester hydrochloride, the 5-hydroxytryptamin1A antagonist 1-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4-[4-(2-phthalimido)butyl]piperazine hydrobromide and the polyamines depletor reserpine. Based on th

1-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4-(4-(2-phthalimido)butyl)piperazine [SEP]


reserpine [SEP] imido)butyl]piperazine hydrobromide and the polyamines depletor reserpine. Based on these data, it can be postulated that (+/-)-PG-9 exer

Reserpine [SEP] An alkaloid found in the roots of Rauwolfia serpentina and R. vomitoria. Reserpine inhibits the uptake of norepinephrine into st


amnesia [SEP] ansmission. (+/-)-PG-9 (10-40 mg kg-1 i.p.) was able to prevent amnesia induced by scopolamine (1 mg kg-1 i.p.) and dicyclomine (2 mg k

Amnesia [SEP] Pathologic partial or complete loss of the ability to recall past experiences (AMNESIA, RETROGRADE) or to form new memories (AMN


scopolamine [SEP] G-9 (10-40 mg kg-1 i.p.) was able to prevent amnesia induced by scopolamine (1 mg kg-1 i.p.) and dicyclomine (2 mg kg-1 i.p.) in the mouse

Scopolamine Hydrobromide [SEP] An alkaloid from SOLANACEAE, especially DATURA and SCOPOLIA. Scopolamine and its quaternary derivatives act as antimuscarinics l


amnesic [SEP]  that might be responsible for the antinociception and the anti-amnesic effect induced by (+/-)-PG-9 through an increase in acetylcholi


oxygen [SEP] Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for control of intractable cyclophosphamide-induced hem

Oxygen [SEP] An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on ear


cyclophosphamide [SEP] Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for control of intractable cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis.

Cyclophosphamide [SEP] Precursor of an alkylating nitrogen mustard antineoplastic and immunosuppressive agent that must be activated in the LIVER to fo


hemorrhagic [SEP] gen therapy for control of intractable cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis.

Hemorrhage [SEP] Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel.


cystitis [SEP] for control of intractable cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis.

Cystitis [SEP] Inflammation of the URINARY BLADDER, either from bacterial or non-bacterial causes. Cystitis is usually associated with painful


hemorrhagic [SEP] We report a case of intractable hemorrhagic cystitis due to cyclophosphamide therapy for Wegener's granulom


cystitis [SEP] We report a case of intractable hemorrhagic cystitis due to cyclophosphamide therapy for Wegener's granulomatosis. C


cyclophosphamide [SEP] We report a case of intractable hemorrhagic cystitis due to cyclophosphamide therapy for Wegener's granulomatosis. Conservative treatment, i


Wegener's granulomatosis [SEP] ctable hemorrhagic cystitis due to cyclophosphamide therapy for Wegener's granulomatosis. Conservative treatment, including bladder irrigation with phys

Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis [SEP] A multisystemic disease of a complex genetic background. It is characterized by inflammation of the blood vessels (VASCULITIS) l


prostaglandin F2 alpha [SEP] ladder irrigation with physiological saline and instillation of prostaglandin F2 alpha, failed to totally control hemorrhage. We then used hyperbaric

Dinoprost [SEP] A naturally occurring prostaglandin that has oxytocic, luteolytic, and abortifacient activities. Due to its vasocontractile prop


hemorrhage [SEP] stillation of prostaglandin F2 alpha, failed to totally control hemorrhage. We then used hyperbaric oxygen at an absolute pressure of 2 at


oxygen [SEP] , failed to totally control hemorrhage. We then used hyperbaric oxygen at an absolute pressure of 2 atm, 5 days a week for 8 consecuti


bleeding [SEP] e pressure of 2 atm, 5 days a week for 8 consecutive weeks. The bleeding ceased completely by the end of treatment and the patient remai


hematuria [SEP] letely by the end of treatment and the patient remained free of hematuria thereafter. No side effect was noted during the course of thera

Hematuria [SEP] Presence of blood in the urine.


p-choloroaniline [SEP] e reported. The results have shown that the degradation product p-choloroaniline is not a significant factor in chlorhexidine-digluconate associ

4-chloroaniline [SEP]


chlorhexidine-digluconate [SEP] adation product p-choloroaniline is not a significant factor in chlorhexidine-digluconate associated erosive cystitis. A high percentage of kanamycin-col

chlorhexidine gluconate [SEP]


cystitis [SEP] nificant factor in chlorhexidine-digluconate associated erosive cystitis. A high percentage of kanamycin-colistin and povidone-iodine ir


kanamycin [SEP] e-digluconate associated erosive cystitis. A high percentage of kanamycin-colistin and povidone-iodine irrigations were associated with e

Kanamycin [SEP] Antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces kanamyceticus from Japanese soil. Comprises 3 components: kanamycin A, the major com


colistin [SEP] ate associated erosive cystitis. A high percentage of kanamycin-colistin and povidone-iodine irrigations were associated with erosive cy

Colistin [SEP] Cyclic polypeptide antibiotic from Bacillus colistinus. It is composed of Polymyxins E1 and E2 (or Colistins A, B, and C) which


povidone-iodine [SEP] d erosive cystitis. A high percentage of kanamycin-colistin and povidone-iodine irrigations were associated with erosive cystitis and suggested

Povidone-Iodine [SEP] An iodinated polyvinyl polymer used as topical antiseptic in surgery and for skin and mucous membrane infections, also as aeroso


Picloxydine [SEP] ystitis and suggested a possible complication with human usage. Picloxydine irrigations appeared to have a lower incidence of erosive cysti

picloxydine [SEP]


bromperidol [SEP] A total of sixty patients were trated with bromperidol first in open conditions (20 patients), then on a double blind

bromperidol [SEP]


haloperidol [SEP]  (20 patients), then on a double blind basis (40 patients) with haloperidol as the reference substance. The open study lasted for four week

Haloperidol [SEP] A phenyl-piperidinyl-butyrophenone that is used primarily to treat SCHIZOPHRENIA and other PSYCHOSES. It is also used in schizoa


extrapyramidal concomitant symptoms [SEP]  statistical analysis. Nine patients exhibited mild to moderate extrapyramidal concomitant symptoms; no other side effects were observed. The results of detailed l

Basal Ganglia Diseases [SEP] Diseases of the BASAL GANGLIA including the PUTAMEN; GLOBUS PALLIDUS; claustrum; AMYGDALA; and CAUDATE NUCLEUS. DYSKINESIAS (mos


psychotic syndromes belonging predominantly to the schizophrenia group [SEP] ubstances were found to be highly effective in the treatment of psychotic syndromes belonging predominantly to the schizophrenia group. Certain clues, including the onset of action, seem to be indic

Schizophrenia and Disorders with Psychotic Features [SEP] Marked disorders of thought (delusions, hallucinations, or other thought disorder accompanied by disordered affect or behavior),


Curcumin [SEP] Curcumin ameliorates cognitive dysfunction and oxidative damage in pheno

Curcumin [SEP] A yellow-orange dye obtained from tumeric, the powdered root of CURCUMA longa. It is used in the preparation of curcuma paper an


cognitive dysfunction [SEP] Curcumin ameliorates cognitive dysfunction and oxidative damage in phenobarbitone and carbamazepine admini

Cognition Disorders [SEP] Disturbances in the mental process related to thinking, reasoning, and judgment.


phenobarbitone [SEP] cumin ameliorates cognitive dysfunction and oxidative damage in phenobarbitone and carbamazepine administered rats.

Phenobarbital [SEP] A barbituric acid derivative that acts as a nonselective central nervous system depressant. It potentiates GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC AC


carbamazepine [SEP] ognitive dysfunction and oxidative damage in phenobarbitone and carbamazepine administered rats.

Carbamazepine [SEP] An anticonvulsant used to control grand mal and psychomotor or focal seizures. Its mode of action is not fully understood, but s


phenobarbitone [SEP] The antiepileptic drugs, phenobarbitone and carbamazepine are well known to cause cognitive impairment


carbamazepine [SEP] The antiepileptic drugs, phenobarbitone and carbamazepine are well known to cause cognitive impairment on chronic use. Th


cognitive impairment [SEP] drugs, phenobarbitone and carbamazepine are well known to cause cognitive impairment on chronic use. The increase in free radical generation has bee


Curcumin [SEP] tant mechanisms of cognitive impairment by antiepileptic drugs. Curcumin has shown antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuro-protective p


curcumin [SEP] sent study was carried out to investigate the effect of chronic curcumin administration on phenobarbitone- and carbamazepine-induced cog


malondialdehyde [SEP] udy period, serum phenobarbitone and carbamazepine, whole brain malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione levels were estimated. The administrati

Malondialdehyde [SEP] The dialdehyde of malonic acid.


glutathione [SEP] tone and carbamazepine, whole brain malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione levels were estimated. The administration of phenobarbitone and

Glutathione [SEP] A tripeptide with many roles in cells. It conjugates to drugs to make them more soluble for excretion, is a cofactor for some en


impairment of learning and memory [SEP] henobarbitone and carbamazepine for 21days caused a significant impairment of learning and memory as well as an increased oxidative stress. Concomitant curcumin


deterioration of cognitive functions [SEP] ults show that curcumin has beneficial effect in mitigating the deterioration of cognitive functions and oxidative damage in rats treated with phenobarbitone and ca


Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate [SEP] Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate protects the piriform cortex in the pilocarpine status epilepti

pyrrolidine dithiocarbamic acid [SEP]


pilocarpine [SEP] Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate protects the piriform cortex in the pilocarpine status epilepticus model.

Pilocarpine [SEP] A slowly hydrolyzed muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects. Pilocarpine is used as a miotic and in the treatment of glauco


status epilepticus [SEP] dithiocarbamate protects the piriform cortex in the pilocarpine status epilepticus model.

Status Epilepticus [SEP] A prolonged seizure or seizures repeated frequently enough to prevent recovery between episodes occurring over a period of 20-30


Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate [SEP] Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) has a dual mechanism of action as an antioxidant and an

pyrrolidine dithiocarbamic acid [SEP]


PDTC [SEP] Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) has a dual mechanism of action as an antioxidant and an inhibi

pyrrolidine dithiocarbamic acid [SEP]


oxygen [SEP] e transcription factor kappa-beta. Both, production of reactive oxygen species as well as activation of NF-kappaB have been implicated

Oxygen [SEP] An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on ear


neuronal damage [SEP]  well as activation of NF-kappaB have been implicated in severe neuronal damage in different sub-regions of the hippocampus as well as in the s

Nerve Degeneration [SEP] Loss of functional activity and trophic degeneration of nerve axons and their terminal arborizations following the destruction o


status epilepticus [SEP] s as well as in the surrounding cortices. The effect of PDTC on status epilepticus-associated cell loss in the hippocampus and piriform cortex was


pilocarpine [SEP] ampus and piriform cortex was evaluated in the rat fractionated pilocarpine model. Treatment with 150 mg/kg PDTC before and following statu


neuronal loss [SEP]  protected the piriform cortex, whereas it did not affect hilar neuronal loss. These data might indicate that the generation of reactive oxyg


seizure [SEP] pecies and activation of NF-kappaB plays a more central role in seizure-associated neuronal damage in the temporal cortex as compared t

Seizures [SEP] Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of br


nicotine [SEP] Safety profile of a nicotine lozenge compared with that of nicotine gum in adult smokers wit

Nicotine [SEP] Nicotine is highly toxic alkaloid. It is the prototypical agonist at nicotinic cholinergic receptors where it dramatically stimu


Nicotine [SEP] BACKGROUND: Nicotine polacrilex lozenges deliver 25% to 27% more nicotine compared w


nicotine [SEP] ACKGROUND: Nicotine polacrilex lozenges deliver 25% to 27% more nicotine compared with equivalent doses of nicotine polacrilex gum. The


heart disease [SEP] multicenter, randomized, open-label study in adult smokers with heart disease, hypertension not controlled by medication, and/or diabetes mel

Heart Diseases [SEP] Pathological conditions involving the HEART including its structural and functional abnormalities.


hypertension [SEP] ndomized, open-label study in adult smokers with heart disease, hypertension not controlled by medication, and/or diabetes mellitus. Patient

Hypertension [SEP] Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is c


diabetes mellitus [SEP] eart disease, hypertension not controlled by medication, and/or diabetes mellitus. Patients were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive the 4-mg ni

Diabetes Mellitus [SEP] A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by HYPERGLYCEMIA and GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE.


nausea [SEP] etween the lozenge and gum. The most common adverse events were nausea (17.2% and 16.1%; 95% CI, -3.7 to 6.0), hiccups (10.7% and 6.6%

Nausea [SEP] An unpleasant sensation in the stomach usually accompanied by the urge to vomit. Common causes are early pregnancy, sea and moti


hiccups [SEP] erse events were nausea (17.2% and 16.1%; 95% CI, -3.7 to 6.0), hiccups (10.7% and 6.6%; 95% CI, 0.5 to 7.8), and headache (8.7% and 9.

Hiccup [SEP] A spasm of the diaphragm that causes a sudden inhalation followed by rapid closure of the glottis which produces a sound.


headache [SEP] -3.7 to 6.0), hiccups (10.7% and 6.6%; 95% CI, 0.5 to 7.8), and headache (8.7% and 9.9%; 95% Cl, -5.0 to 2.6). Serious adverse events we

Headache [SEP] The symptom of PAIN in the cranial region. It may be an isolated benign occurrence or manifestation of a wide variety of HEADACH


levodopa [SEP] Development of levodopa-induced dyskinesias in parkinsonian monkeys may depend upon rat

Levodopa [SEP] The naturally occurring form of DIHYDROXYPHENYLALANINE and the immediate precursor of DOPAMINE. Unlike dopamine itself, it can b


dyskinesias [SEP] Development of levodopa-induced dyskinesias in parkinsonian monkeys may depend upon rate of symptom onset a

Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced [SEP] Abnormal movements, including HYPERKINESIS; HYPOKINESIA; TREMOR; and DYSTONIA, associated with the use of certain medications or


parkinsonian [SEP] Development of levodopa-induced dyskinesias in parkinsonian monkeys may depend upon rate of symptom onset and/or duration o

Parkinson Disease [SEP] A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, retropulsion (i.e. a tendency


Levodopa [SEP] Levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LIDs) present a major problem for the long


dyskinesias [SEP] Levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LIDs) present a major problem for the long-term management of


LIDs [SEP] Levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LIDs) present a major problem for the long-term management of Parkin


Parkinson's disease [SEP]  (LIDs) present a major problem for the long-term management of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. Due to the interdependence of risk factors in cl


PD [SEP] or problem for the long-term management of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. Due to the interdependence of risk factors in clinic


MPTP [SEP] elopment of LIDs. Using macaque monkeys with different types of MPTP-induced parkinsonism, the current study evaluated the degree to

1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine [SEP] A dopaminergic neurotoxic compound which produces irreversible clinical, chemical, and pathological alterations that mimic those


parkinsonism [SEP] IDs. Using macaque monkeys with different types of MPTP-induced parkinsonism, the current study evaluated the degree to which rate of sympto

Parkinson Disease, Secondary [SEP] Conditions which feature clinical manifestations resembling primary Parkinson disease that are caused by a known or suspected co


levodopa [SEP]  progression, symptom severity, and response to and duration of levodopa therapy may be involved in the development of LIDs. Monkeys wit


dyskinesia [SEP] Levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LIDs) present a major problem for the long-term management of


Propylthiouracil [SEP] Propylthiouracil-induced perinuclear-staining antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoant

Propylthiouracil [SEP] A thiourea antithyroid agent. Propythiouracil inhibits the synthesis of thyroxine and inhibits the peripheral conversion of thro


vasculitis [SEP] clear-staining antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody-positive vasculitis in conjunction with pericarditis.

Vasculitis [SEP] Inflammation of any one of the blood vessels, including the ARTERIES; VEINS; and rest of the vasculature system in the body.


pericarditis [SEP] ytoplasmic autoantibody-positive vasculitis in conjunction with pericarditis.

Pericarditis [SEP] Inflammation of the PERICARDIUM from various origins, such as infection, neoplasm, autoimmune process, injuries, or drug-induced


propylthiouracil [SEP] OBJECTIVE: To describe a case of propylthiouracil-induced vasculitis manifesting with pericarditis. METHODS: We p


vasculitis [SEP] OBJECTIVE: To describe a case of propylthiouracil-induced vasculitis manifesting with pericarditis. METHODS: We present the first ca


pericarditis [SEP]  a case of propylthiouracil-induced vasculitis manifesting with pericarditis. METHODS: We present the first case report of a woman with hype


hyperthyroidism [SEP] itis. METHODS: We present the first case report of a woman with hyperthyroidism treated with propylthiouracil in whom a syndrome of pericarditi

Hyperthyroidism [SEP] Hypersecretion of THYROID HORMONES from the THYROID GLAND. Elevated levels of thyroid hormones increase BASAL METABOLIC RATE.


fever [SEP] eated with propylthiouracil in whom a syndrome of pericarditis, fever, and glomerulonephritis developed. Serologic testing and immuno

Fever [SEP] An abnormal elevation of body temperature, usually as a result of a pathologic process.


glomerulonephritis [SEP] propylthiouracil in whom a syndrome of pericarditis, fever, and glomerulonephritis developed. Serologic testing and immunologic studies were done,

Glomerulonephritis [SEP] Inflammation of the renal glomeruli (KIDNEY GLOMERULUS) that can be classified by the type of glomerular injuries including anti


Graves' disease [SEP] cardial biopsy was performed. RESULTS: A 25-year-old woman with Graves' disease had a febrile illness and evidence of pericarditis, which was c

Graves Disease [SEP] A common form of hyperthyroidism with a diffuse hyperplastic GOITER. It is an autoimmune disorder that produces antibodies again


febrile illness [SEP] formed. RESULTS: A 25-year-old woman with Graves' disease had a febrile illness and evidence of pericarditis, which was confirmed by biopsy. Se


Propylthiouracil [SEP] toplasmic autoantibodies (pANCA) against myeloperoxidase (MPO). Propylthiouracil therapy was withdrawn, and she was treated with a 1-month cours


prednisone [SEP] apy was withdrawn, and she was treated with a 1-month course of prednisone, which alleviated her symptoms. A literature review revealed no

Prednisone [SEP] A synthetic anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid derived from CORTISONE. It is biologically inert and converted to PREDNISOLONE in t


propylthio- uracil [SEP] icarditis in anti-MPO pANCA-positive vasculitis associated with propylthio- uracil therapy. CONCLUSION: Pericarditis may be the initial manifestat


Pericarditis [SEP] culitis associated with propylthio- uracil therapy. CONCLUSION: Pericarditis may be the initial manifestation of drug-induced vasculitis att


beta-carboline [SEP] Two mouse lines selected for differential sensitivities to beta-carboline-induced seizures are also differentially sensitive to various p

beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester [SEP]


seizures [SEP] lected for differential sensitivities to beta-carboline-induced seizures are also differentially sensitive to various pharmacological ef

Seizures [SEP] Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of br


GABA [SEP] rentially sensitive to various pharmacological effects of other GABA(A) receptor ligands.

gamma-Aminobutyric Acid [SEP] The most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.


seizures [SEP] rding to their sensitivity (BS line) or resistance (BR line) to seizures induced by a single i.p. injection of methyl beta-carboline-3-c


methyl beta-carboline-3-carboxylate [SEP] nce (BR line) to seizures induced by a single i.p. injection of methyl beta-carboline-3-carboxylate (beta-CCM), an inverse agonist of the GABA(A) receptor benzodia


beta-CCM [SEP] a single i.p. injection of methyl beta-carboline-3-carboxylate (beta-CCM), an inverse agonist of the GABA(A) receptor benzodiazepine sit


GABA [SEP] a-carboline-3-carboxylate (beta-CCM), an inverse agonist of the GABA(A) receptor benzodiazepine site. Our aim was to characterize bo


benzodiazepine [SEP] boxylate (beta-CCM), an inverse agonist of the GABA(A) receptor benzodiazepine site. Our aim was to characterize both lines' sensitivities to

Benzodiazepines [SEP] A group of two-ring heterocyclic compounds consisting of a benzene ring fused to a diazepine ring.


diazepam [SEP] l effects of other ligands of the GABA(A) receptor. We measured diazepam-induced anxiolysis with the elevated plus-maze test, diazepam-i

Diazepam [SEP] A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of actio


picrotoxin [SEP] iazepam-induced sedation by recording the vigilance states, and picrotoxin- and pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures after i.p. injections.

Picrotoxin [SEP] A noncompetitive antagonist at GABA-A receptors and thus a convulsant. Picrotoxin blocks the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-activated c


pentylenetetrazol [SEP] sedation by recording the vigilance states, and picrotoxin- and pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures after i.p. injections. Results presented here

Pentylenetetrazole [SEP] A pharmaceutical agent that displays activity as a central nervous system and respiratory stimulant. It is considered a non-comp


ketamine [SEP] Analgesic effect of intravenous ketamine in cancer patients on morphine therapy: a randomized, controlle

Ketamine [SEP] A cyclohexanone derivative used for induction of anesthesia. Its mechanism of action is not well understood, but ketamine can bl


cancer [SEP] Analgesic effect of intravenous ketamine in cancer patients on morphine therapy: a randomized, controlled, double-

Neoplasms [SEP] New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and me


morphine [SEP] Analgesic effect of intravenous ketamine in cancer patients on morphine therapy: a randomized, controlled, double-blind, crossover, dou

Morphine [SEP] The principal alkaloid in opium and the prototype opiate analgesic and narcotic. Morphine has widespread effects in the central


Pain [SEP] Pain not responsive to morphine is often problematic. Animal and cli

Pain [SEP] An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS.


morphine [SEP] Pain not responsive to morphine is often problematic. Animal and clinical studies have suggeste


N-methyl-D-aspartate [SEP] en problematic. Animal and clinical studies have suggested that N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonists, such as ketamine, may be effective in impro

N-Methylaspartate [SEP] An amino acid that, as the D-isomer, is the defining agonist for the NMDA receptor subtype of glutamate receptors (RECEPTORS, NM


NMDA [SEP]  and clinical studies have suggested that N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonists, such as ketamine, may be effective in improving o


ketamine [SEP] suggested that N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonists, such as ketamine, may be effective in improving opioid analgesia in difficult pa


pain [SEP] ne, may be effective in improving opioid analgesia in difficult pain syndromes, such as neuropathic pain. A slow bolus of subhypnoti


neuropathic pain [SEP] improving opioid analgesia in difficult pain syndromes, such as neuropathic pain. A slow bolus of subhypnotic doses of ketamine (0.25 mg/kg or 0

Neuralgia [SEP] Intense or aching pain that occurs along the course or distribution of a peripheral or cranial nerve.


cancer [SEP] ic doses of ketamine (0.25 mg/kg or 0.50 mg/kg) was given to 10 cancer patients whose pain was unrelieved by morphine in a randomized,


nausea [SEP] double-dose study. Pain intensity on a 0 to 10 numerical scale; nausea and vomiting, drowsiness, confusion, and dry mouth, using a sca

Nausea [SEP] An unpleasant sensation in the stomach usually accompanied by the urge to vomit. Common causes are early pregnancy, sea and moti


vomiting [SEP]  study. Pain intensity on a 0 to 10 numerical scale; nausea and vomiting, drowsiness, confusion, and dry mouth, using a scale from 0 to

Vomiting [SEP] The forcible expulsion of the contents of the STOMACH through the MOUTH.


confusion [SEP]  on a 0 to 10 numerical scale; nausea and vomiting, drowsiness, confusion, and dry mouth, using a scale from 0 to 3 (not at all, slight,

Confusion [SEP] A mental state characterized by bewilderment, emotional disturbance, lack of clear thinking, and perceptual disorientation.


dry mouth [SEP] umerical scale; nausea and vomiting, drowsiness, confusion, and dry mouth, using a scale from 0 to 3 (not at all, slight, a lot, awful);

Xerostomia [SEP] Decreased salivary flow.


Ketamine [SEP] , 60 minutes (T60), 120 minutes (T120), and 180 minutes (T180). Ketamine, but not saline solution, significantly reduced the pain intens


Hallucinations [SEP] effect was more relevant in patients treated with higher doses. Hallucinations occurred in 4 patients, and an unpleasant sensation ("empty hea

Hallucinations [SEP] Subjectively experienced sensations in the absence of an appropriate stimulus, but which are regarded by the individual as real.


diazepam [SEP] 2 patients. These episodes reversed after the administration of diazepam 1 mg intravenously. Significant increases in drowsiness were re


erectile dysfunction [SEP] Endocrine screening in 1,022 men with erectile dysfunction: clinical significance and cost-effective strategy.

Erectile Dysfunction [SEP] The inability in the male to have a PENILE ERECTION due to psychological or organ dysfunction.


testosterone [SEP] PURPOSE: We reviewed the results of serum testosterone and prolactin determination in 1,022 patients referred because

Testosterone [SEP] A potent androgenic steroid and major product secreted by the LEYDIG CELLS of the TESTIS. Its production is stimulated by LUTEIN


erectile dysfunction [SEP] d prolactin determination in 1,022 patients referred because of erectile dysfunction and compared the data with history, results of physical examina


Testosterone [SEP] sponsibility for hormonal abnormalities. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Testosterone and prolactin were determined by radioimmunoassay. Every patien


low sexual desire [SEP] estosterone and 451 were screened for prolactin on the basis of low sexual desire, gynecomastia or testosterone less than 4 ng./ml. Determination

Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological [SEP] Disturbances in sexual desire and the psychophysiologic changes that characterize the sexual response cycle and cause marked dis


gynecomastia [SEP]  were screened for prolactin on the basis of low sexual desire, gynecomastia or testosterone less than 4 ng./ml. Determination was repeated

Gynecomastia [SEP] Enlargement of the BREAST in the males, caused by an excess of ESTROGENS. Physiological gynecomastia is normally observed in NEW


testosterone heptylate [SEP] , small testes and gynecomastia. Endocrine therapy consisted of testosterone heptylate or human chorionic gonadotropin for hypogonadism and bromocript

testosterone enanthate [SEP]


hypogonadism [SEP] d of testosterone heptylate or human chorionic gonadotropin for hypogonadism and bromocriptine for hyperprolactinemia. RESULTS: Testosterone

Hypogonadism [SEP] Condition resulting from deficient gonadal functions, such as GAMETOGENESIS and the production of GONADAL STEROID HORMONES. It i


bromocriptine [SEP]  heptylate or human chorionic gonadotropin for hypogonadism and bromocriptine for hyperprolactinemia. RESULTS: Testosterone was less than 3 n

Bromocriptine [SEP] A semisynthetic ergotamine alkaloid that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It suppresses prolactin secretion.


hyperprolactinemia [SEP] n chorionic gonadotropin for hypogonadism and bromocriptine for hyperprolactinemia. RESULTS: Testosterone was less than 3 ng./ml. in 107 patients

Hyperprolactinemia [SEP] Increased levels of PROLACTIN in the BLOOD, which may be associated with AMENORRHEA and GALACTORRHEA. Relatively common etiologi


pituitary tumors [SEP] with age (4% before age 50 years and 9% 50 years or older). Two pituitary tumors were discovered after testosterone determination. Most of the o

Pituitary Neoplasms [SEP] Neoplasms which arise from or metastasize to the PITUITARY GLAND. The majority of pituitary neoplasms are adenomas, which are di


hypothalamic dysfunction [SEP]  other low testosterone levels seemed to result from nonorganic hypothalamic dysfunction because of normal serum luteinizing hormone and prolactin and t

Hypothalamic Diseases [SEP] Neoplastic, inflammatory, infectious, and other diseases of the hypothalamus. Clinical manifestations include appetite disorders


prolactinoma [SEP] l. in 5 men and was normal in 2 at repeat determination. Only 1 prolactinoma was discovered. These data are lower than those we found during

Prolactinoma [SEP] A pituitary adenoma which secretes PROLACTIN, leading to HYPERPROLACTINEMIA. Clinical manifestations include AMENORRHEA; GALACTO


prolactinomas [SEP] l prolactin greater than 20 ng./ml. in 1.86% of 1,821 patients, prolactinomas in 7, 0.38%). Bromocriptine was definitely effective in cases w


Bromocriptine [SEP] ng./ml. in 1.86% of 1,821 patients, prolactinomas in 7, 0.38%). Bromocriptine was definitely effective in cases with prolactin greater than 3


Thiopentone [SEP] Thiopentone pretreatment for propofol injection pain in ambulatory patients

Thiopental [SEP] A barbiturate that is administered intravenously for the induction of general anesthesia or for the production of complete anest


propofol [SEP] Thiopentone pretreatment for propofol injection pain in ambulatory patients.

Propofol [SEP] An intravenous anesthetic agent which has the advantage of a very rapid onset after infusion or bolus injection plus a very shor


pain [SEP] Thiopentone pretreatment for propofol injection pain in ambulatory patients.

Pain [SEP] An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS.


propofol [SEP] This study investigated propofol injection pain in patients undergoing ambulatory anaesthesia. I


pain [SEP] This study investigated propofol injection pain in patients undergoing ambulatory anaesthesia. In a randomized,


lidocaine [SEP] Patients in Group C received 2 ml normal saline, Group L, 2 ml, lidocaine 2% (40 mg) and Group T, 2 ml thiopentone 2.5% (50 mg). Venous d

Lidocaine [SEP] A local anesthetic and cardiac depressant used as an antiarrhythmia agent. Its actions are more intense and its effects more pro


thiopentone [SEP] l saline, Group L, 2 ml, lidocaine 2% (40 mg) and Group T, 2 ml thiopentone 2.5% (50 mg). Venous discomfort was assessed with a visual anal


Loss of consciousness [SEP] ation using an infusion pump (rate 1000 micrograms.kg-1.min-1). Loss of consciousness occurred in 60-90 sec. Visual analogue scores (mean +/- SD) dur

Unconsciousness [SEP] Loss of the ability to maintain awareness of self and environment combined with markedly reduced responsiveness to environmental


glycopyrrolate [SEP] Comparison of i.v. glycopyrrolate and atropine in the prevention of bradycardia and arrhythmias f

Glycopyrrolate [SEP] A muscarinic antagonist used as an antispasmodic, in some disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, and to reduce salivation with


atropine [SEP] Comparison of i.v. glycopyrrolate and atropine in the prevention of bradycardia and arrhythmias following repe

Atropine [SEP] An alkaloid, originally from Atropa belladonna, but found in other plants, mainly SOLANACEAE. Hyoscyamine is the 3(S)-endo isome


bradycardia [SEP] arison of i.v. glycopyrrolate and atropine in the prevention of bradycardia and arrhythmias following repeated doses of suxamethonium in ch

Bradycardia [SEP] Cardiac arrhythmias that are characterized by excessively slow HEART RATE, usually below 50 beats per minute in human adults. Th


arrhythmias [SEP] lycopyrrolate and atropine in the prevention of bradycardia and arrhythmias following repeated doses of suxamethonium in children.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac [SEP] Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be classified by


suxamethonium [SEP] tion of bradycardia and arrhythmias following repeated doses of suxamethonium in children.

Succinylcholine [SEP] A quaternary skeletal muscle relaxant usually used in the form of its bromide, chloride, or iodide. It is a depolarizing relaxan


glycopyrrolate [SEP] The effectiveness of administration of glycopyrrolate 5 and 10 micrograms kg-1 and atropine 10 and 20 micrograms kg-1


atropine [SEP] f administration of glycopyrrolate 5 and 10 micrograms kg-1 and atropine 10 and 20 micrograms kg-1 i.v. immediately before the induction


arrhythmia [SEP] .v. immediately before the induction of anaesthesia, to prevent arrhythmia and bradycardia following repeated doses of suxamethonium in ch


bradycardia [SEP]  before the induction of anaesthesia, to prevent arrhythmia and bradycardia following repeated doses of suxamethonium in children, was stud


suxamethonium [SEP]  prevent arrhythmia and bradycardia following repeated doses of suxamethonium in children, was studied. A control group was included for comp


Bradycardia [SEP] gnificantly different from the frequency with the active drugs. Bradycardia (defined as a decrease in heart rate to less than 50 beat min-1


caffeine [SEP] Reduction in caffeine toxicity by acetaminophen.

Caffeine [SEP] A methylxanthine naturally occurring in some beverages and also used as a pharmacological agent. Caffeine's most notable pharmac


toxicity [SEP] Reduction in caffeine toxicity by acetaminophen.

Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions [SEP] Disorders that result from the intended use of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. Included in this heading are a broad variety of chem


acetaminophen [SEP] Reduction in caffeine toxicity by acetaminophen.

Acetaminophen [SEP] Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but


caffeine [SEP]  over-the-counter analgesic containing sodium acetylsalicylate, caffeine, and acetaminophen displayed no significant CNS stimulation des


acetaminophen [SEP] ter analgesic containing sodium acetylsalicylate, caffeine, and acetaminophen displayed no significant CNS stimulation despite the presence o


toxicity [SEP] he presence of acetaminophen (52 micrograms/mL) reduced the CNS toxicity of caffeine. Studies in DBA/2J mice showed that: 1) pretreatmen


convulsions [SEP] ration of caffeine (300 to 450 mg/kg IP) and the onset of fatal convulsions by a factor of about two; and 2) pretreatment with acetaminophe

Seizures [SEP] Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of br


seizures [SEP] th acetaminophen (75 mg/kg) reduced the incidence of audiogenic seizures produced in the presence of caffeine (12.5 to 75 mg/kg IP). The


pentylenetetrezol [SEP] y maximal electroshock and did not alter the convulsant dose of pentylenetetrezol in mice (tests performed by the Anticonvulsant Screening Projec

Pentylenetetrazole [SEP] A pharmaceutical agent that displays activity as a central nervous system and respiratory stimulant. It is considered a non-comp


Acetaminophen [SEP] s performed by the Anticonvulsant Screening Project of NINCDS). Acetaminophen (up to 150 micrograms/mL) did not retard the incorporation of r


adenosine [SEP]  micrograms/mL) did not retard the incorporation of radioactive adenosine into ATP in slices of rat cerebral cortex. Thus the mechanism b

Adenosine [SEP] A nucleoside that is composed of ADENINE and D-RIBOSE. Adenosine or adenosine derivatives play many important biological roles i


ATP [SEP]  did not retard the incorporation of radioactive adenosine into ATP in slices of rat cerebral cortex. Thus the mechanism by which a

Adenosine Triphosphate [SEP] An adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. In addition to its crucial roles in meta


Flestolol [SEP] Flestolol: an ultra-short-acting beta-adrenergic blocking agent.

flestolol [SEP]


Flestolol [SEP] Flestolol (ACC-9089) is a nonselective, competitive, ultra-short-acting b

flestolol [SEP]


ACC-9089 [SEP] Flestolol (ACC-9089) is a nonselective, competitive, ultra-short-acting beta-adrene

flestolol [SEP]


flestolol [SEP] ses up to 100 micrograms/kg/min. In long-term infusion studies, flestolol was well tolerated at the effective beta-blocking dose (5 micro

flestolol [SEP]


isoproterenol [SEP] ic blockade. Flestolol produced a dose-dependent attenuation of isoproterenol-induced tachycardia. Electrophysiologic and hemodynamic effects

Isoproterenol [SEP] Isopropyl analog of EPINEPHRINE; beta-sympathomimetic that acts on the heart, bronchi, skeletal muscle, alimentary tract, etc. I


tachycardia [SEP]  produced a dose-dependent attenuation of isoproterenol-induced tachycardia. Electrophysiologic and hemodynamic effects of flestolol are si

Tachycardia [SEP] Abnormally rapid heartbeat, usually with a HEART RATE above 100 beats per minute for adults. Tachycardia accompanied by disturba


supraventricular tachyarrhythmia [SEP] life. Flestolol effectively reduced heart rate in patients with supraventricular tachyarrhythmia. In patients with unstable angina, flestolol infusion was found

Tachycardia, Supraventricular [SEP] A generic expression for any tachycardia that originates above the BUNDLE OF HIS.


unstable angina [SEP] atients with supraventricular tachyarrhythmia. In patients with unstable angina, flestolol infusion was found to be safe and effective in contr

Angina, Unstable [SEP] Precordial pain at rest, which may precede a MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.


chest pain [SEP] olol infusion was found to be safe and effective in controlling chest pain. It is concluded that flestolol is a potent, well-tolerated, ul

Chest Pain [SEP] Pressure, burning, or numbness in the chest.


calcium [SEP] Adverse effect of the calcium channel blocker nitrendipine on nephrosclerosis in rats with re

Calcium [SEP] A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic sym


nitrendipine [SEP] Adverse effect of the calcium channel blocker nitrendipine on nephrosclerosis in rats with renovascular hypertension.

Nitrendipine [SEP] A calcium channel blocker with marked vasodilator action. It is an effective antihypertensive agent and differs from other calci


nephrosclerosis [SEP] Adverse effect of the calcium channel blocker nitrendipine on nephrosclerosis in rats with renovascular hypertension.

Nephrosclerosis [SEP] Hardening of the KIDNEY due to infiltration by fibrous connective tissue (FIBROSIS), usually caused by renovascular diseases or


renovascular hypertension [SEP] um channel blocker nitrendipine on nephrosclerosis in rats with renovascular hypertension.

Hypertension, Renovascular [SEP] Hypertension due to RENAL ARTERY OBSTRUCTION or compression.


calcium [SEP] The effect of a 6-week treatment with the calcium channel blocker nitrendipine or the angiotensin converting enzy


nitrendipine [SEP] e effect of a 6-week treatment with the calcium channel blocker nitrendipine or the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril on blo


angiotensin [SEP]  treatment with the calcium channel blocker nitrendipine or the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril on blood pressure, albumi

Angiotensins [SEP] Oligopeptides which are important in the regulation of blood pressure (VASOCONSTRICTION) and fluid homeostasis via the RENIN-ANG


enalapril [SEP] ker nitrendipine or the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril on blood pressure, albuminuria, renal hemodynamics, and morphol

Enalapril [SEP] One of the ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS that is used to treat hypertension.