diarrhea [SEP] s. The most commonly reported toxic effects of capecitabine are diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, stomatitis and hand-foot syndrome. Capecitab

Diarrhea [SEP] An increased liquidity or decreased consistency of FECES, such as running stool. Fecal consistency is related to the ratio of wa


nausea [SEP] t commonly reported toxic effects of capecitabine are diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, stomatitis and hand-foot syndrome. Capecitabine has

Nausea [SEP] An unpleasant sensation in the stomach usually accompanied by the urge to vomit. Common causes are early pregnancy, sea and moti


vomiting [SEP] ly reported toxic effects of capecitabine are diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, stomatitis and hand-foot syndrome. Capecitabine has a well-est

Vomiting [SEP] The forcible expulsion of the contents of the STOMACH through the MOUTH.


stomatitis [SEP] d toxic effects of capecitabine are diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, stomatitis and hand-foot syndrome. Capecitabine has a well-established saf

Stomatitis [SEP] INFLAMMATION of the soft tissues of the MOUTH, such as MUCOSA; PALATE; GINGIVA; and LIP.


hand-foot syndrome [SEP]  of capecitabine are diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, stomatitis and hand-foot syndrome. Capecitabine has a well-established safety profile and can be

Hand-Foot Syndrome [SEP] Chemotherapy-induced dermal side effects that are associated with the use of various CYTOSTATIC AGENTS. Symptoms range from mild


renal dysfunctions [SEP]  can be given safely to patients with advanced age, hepatic and renal dysfunctions.

Kidney Diseases [SEP] Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues.


neurotensin [SEP] Effects of pallidal neurotensin on haloperidol-induced parkinsonian catalepsy: behavioral and e

Neurotensin [SEP] A biologically active tridecapeptide isolated from the hypothalamus. It has been shown to induce hypotension in the rat, to stim


haloperidol [SEP] Effects of pallidal neurotensin on haloperidol-induced parkinsonian catalepsy: behavioral and electrophysiolog

Haloperidol [SEP] A phenyl-piperidinyl-butyrophenone that is used primarily to treat SCHIZOPHRENIA and other PSYCHOSES. It is also used in schizoa


parkinsonian catalepsy [SEP] Effects of pallidal neurotensin on haloperidol-induced parkinsonian catalepsy: behavioral and electrophysiological studies.

Catalepsy [SEP] A condition characterized by inactivity, decreased responsiveness to stimuli, and a tendency to maintain an immobile posture. Th


neurotensin [SEP] evious studies have indicated that the globus pallidus receives neurotensinergic innervation from the striatum, and systemic administration


haloperidol [SEP] udy aimed to investigate the effects of pallidal neurotensin on haloperidol-induced parkinsonian symptoms. METHODS: Behavioral experiments


parkinsonian symptoms [SEP] gate the effects of pallidal neurotensin on haloperidol-induced parkinsonian symptoms. METHODS: Behavioral experiments and electrophysiological recor

Parkinson Disease, Secondary [SEP] Conditions which feature clinical manifestations resembling primary Parkinson disease that are caused by a known or suspected co


parkinsonian catalepsy [SEP] urotensin into the globus pallidus reversed haloperidol-induced parkinsonian catalepsy in rats. Electrophysiological recordings showed that microinjec


neurotensin type-1 receptor antagonist [SEP] ons in the presence of systemic haloperidol administration. The neurotensin type-1 receptor antagonist SR48692 blocked both the behavioral and the electrophysiologica

SR 48692 [SEP]


SR48692 [SEP] idol administration. The neurotensin type-1 receptor antagonist SR48692 blocked both the behavioral and the electrophysiological effect

SR 48692 [SEP]


depression [SEP] Antihypertensive drugs and depression: a reappraisal.

Depressive Disorder [SEP] An affective disorder manifested by either a dysphoric mood or loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities. The mood distur


hypertensive [SEP] Eighty-nine new referral hypertensive out-patients and 46 new referral non-hypertensive chronically p

Hypertension [SEP] Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is c


depression [SEP] intervals for one year. The results showed a high prevalence of depression in both groups of patients, with no preponderance in the hypert


Hypertensive [SEP] s of patients, with no preponderance in the hypertensive group. Hypertensive patients with psychiatric histories had a higher prevalence of


psychiatric [SEP] onderance in the hypertensive group. Hypertensive patients with psychiatric histories had a higher prevalence of depression than the compar

Mental Disorders [SEP] Psychiatric illness or diseases manifested by breakdowns in the adaptational process expressed primarily as abnormalities of tho


depressions [SEP] son patients. This was accounted for by a significant number of depressions occurring in methyl dopa treated patients with psychiatric hist


methyl dopa [SEP] counted for by a significant number of depressions occurring in methyl dopa treated patients with psychiatric histories.

Methyldopa [SEP] An alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that has both central and peripheral nervous system effects. Its primary clinical use is as an ant


nitroprusside [SEP] Pulmonary shunt and cardiovascular responses to CPAP during nitroprusside-induced hypotension.

Nitroprusside [SEP] A powerful vasodilator used in emergencies to lower blood pressure or to improve cardiac function. It is also an indicator for f


hypotension [SEP] d cardiovascular responses to CPAP during nitroprusside-induced hypotension.

Hypotension [SEP] Abnormally low BLOOD PRESSURE that can result in inadequate blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. Common symptom is DI


sodium nitroprusside [SEP] ry shunt (QS/QT) were investigated in 12 dogs before and during sodium nitroprusside infusion that decreased mean arterial blood pressure 40-50 per


nitroprusside [SEP] t (QS/QT) were investigated in 12 dogs before and during sodium nitroprusside infusion that decreased mean arterial blood pressure 40-50 per


H2O [SEP] od pressure 40-50 per cent. Before nitroprusside infusion, 5 cm H2O CPAP significantly, P less than .05, decreased arterial blood p

Water [SEP] A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substa


decrease in arterial blood pressure [SEP] en cm H2O CPAP before nitroprusside infusion produced a further decrease in arterial blood pressure and significantly increased heart rate and decreased cardiac ou


decreased cardiac output [SEP] erial blood pressure and significantly increased heart rate and decreased cardiac output and QS/QT. Nitroprusside caused significant decreases in arteri

Cardiac Output, Low [SEP] A state of subnormal or depressed cardiac output at rest or during stress. It is a characteristic of CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES, in


Nitroprusside [SEP] ly increased heart rate and decreased cardiac output and QS/QT. Nitroprusside caused significant decreases in arterial blood pressure and sys


decreases in arterial blood pressure [SEP] ased cardiac output and QS/QT. Nitroprusside caused significant decreases in arterial blood pressure and systemic vascular resistance and increases in heart rate, b


bradycardia [SEP] Mediation of enhanced reflex vagal bradycardia by L-dopa via central dopamine formation in dogs.

Bradycardia [SEP] Cardiac arrhythmias that are characterized by excessively slow HEART RATE, usually below 50 beats per minute in human adults. Th


L-dopa [SEP] Mediation of enhanced reflex vagal bradycardia by L-dopa via central dopamine formation in dogs.

Levodopa [SEP] The naturally occurring form of DIHYDROXYPHENYLALANINE and the immediate precursor of DOPAMINE. Unlike dopamine itself, it can b


dopamine [SEP] tion of enhanced reflex vagal bradycardia by L-dopa via central dopamine formation in dogs.

Dopamine [SEP] One of the catecholamine NEUROTRANSMITTERS in the brain. It is derived from TYROSINE and is the precursor to NOREPINEPHRINE and


L-Dopa [SEP] L-Dopa (5 mg/kg i.v.) decreased blood pressure and heart rate after ex


MK-486 [SEP] nd heart rate after extracerebral decarboxylase inhibition with MK-486 (25 mg/kg i.v.) in anesthetize MAO-inhibited dogs. In addition,

Carbidopa [SEP] An inhibitor of DOPA DECARBOXYLASE, preventing conversion of LEVODOPA to dopamine. It is used in PARKINSON DISEASE to reduce per


MAO [SEP] rboxylase inhibition with MK-486 (25 mg/kg i.v.) in anesthetize MAO-inhibited dogs. In addition, reflex bradycardia caused by injec

Monoamine Oxidase [SEP] An enzyme that catalyzes the oxidative deamination of naturally occurring monoamines. It is a flavin-containing enzyme that is l


bradycardia [SEP] kg i.v.) in anesthetize MAO-inhibited dogs. In addition, reflex bradycardia caused by injected norepinephrine was significantly enhanced by


norepinephrine [SEP] ibited dogs. In addition, reflex bradycardia caused by injected norepinephrine was significantly enhanced by L-dopa, DL-Threo-dihydroxyphenyls

Norepinephrine [SEP] Precursor of epinephrine that is secreted by the adrenal medulla and is a widespread central and autonomic neurotransmitter. Nor


L-dopa [SEP] caused by injected norepinephrine was significantly enhanced by L-dopa, DL-Threo-dihydroxyphenylserine had no effect on blood pressure


DL-Threo-dihydroxyphenylserine [SEP] y injected norepinephrine was significantly enhanced by L-dopa, DL-Threo-dihydroxyphenylserine had no effect on blood pressure, heart rate or reflex responses

Droxidopa [SEP] A precursor of noradrenaline that is used in the treatment of parkinsonism. The racemic form (DL-threo-3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine


FLA-63 [SEP] ood pressure, heart rate or reflex responses to norepinephrine. FLA-63, a dopamine-beta-oxidase inhibitor, did not have any effect on

Bis(4-Methyl-1-Homopiperazinylthiocarbonyl)disulfide [SEP] An inhibitor of the last step of noradrenaline biosynthesis.


dopamine [SEP] re, heart rate or reflex responses to norepinephrine. FLA-63, a dopamine-beta-oxidase inhibitor, did not have any effect on the hypotens


hypotension [SEP] dopamine-beta-oxidase inhibitor, did not have any effect on the hypotension, bradycardia or reflex-enhancing effect of L-dopa. Pimozide did


Pimozide [SEP]  hypotension, bradycardia or reflex-enhancing effect of L-dopa. Pimozide did not affect the actions of L-dopa on blood pressure and hear

Pimozide [SEP] A diphenylbutylpiperidine that is effective as an antipsychotic agent and as an alternative to HALOPERIDOL for the suppression o


5-HTP [SEP] phrine in addition to decreasing blood pressure and heart rate. 5-HTP (5 mg/kg i.v.) decreased blood pressure and heart rate and decr

5-Hydroxytryptophan [SEP] The immediate precursor in the biosynthesis of SEROTONIN from tryptophan. It is used as an antiepileptic and antidepressant.


Cocaine [SEP] Cocaine-induced myocardial infarction: clinical observations and pathog

Cocaine [SEP] An alkaloid ester extracted from the leaves of plants including coca. It is a local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor and is clinic


myocardial infarction [SEP] Cocaine-induced myocardial infarction: clinical observations and pathogenetic considerations.

Myocardial Infarction [SEP] NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).


cocaine [SEP]  published to date suggest several possible mechanisms by which cocaine may result in acute myocardial infarction. In individuals with


acute myocardial infarction [SEP] gest several possible mechanisms by which cocaine may result in acute myocardial infarction. In individuals with preexisting, high-grade coronary arterial


oxygen [SEP] myocardial infarction may result from an increase in myocardial oxygen demand associated with cocaine-induced increase in rate-pressur

Oxygen [SEP] An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on ear


atherosclerotic obstruction [SEP]  rate-pressure product. In other individuals with no underlying atherosclerotic obstruction, coronary occlusion may be due to spasm, thrombus, or both. Wit

Atherosclerosis [SEP] A thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES that occurs with formation of ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUES within the AR


coronary occlusion [SEP] her individuals with no underlying atherosclerotic obstruction, coronary occlusion may be due to spasm, thrombus, or both. With regard to spasm, t

Coronary Occlusion [SEP] Complete blockage of blood flow through one of the CORONARY ARTERIES, usually from CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS.


spasm [SEP] g atherosclerotic obstruction, coronary occlusion may be due to spasm, thrombus, or both. With regard to spasm, the clinical findings

Spasm [SEP] An involuntary contraction of a muscle or group of muscles. Spasms may involve SKELETAL MUSCLE or SMOOTH MUSCLE.


thrombus [SEP] osclerotic obstruction, coronary occlusion may be due to spasm, thrombus, or both. With regard to spasm, the clinical findings are large

Thrombosis [SEP] Formation and development of a thrombus or blood clot in the blood vessel.


infarction [SEP] ible mechanisms by which cocaine may result in acute myocardial infarction. In individuals with preexisting, high-grade coronary arterial

Infarction [SEP] Formation of an infarct, which is NECROSIS in tissue due to local ISCHEMIA resulting from obstruction of BLOOD CIRCULATION, most


thrombotic [SEP] alpha-mediated effects. Finally, the contribution of a primary, thrombotic effect of cocaine has not been excluded.


Rabbit syndrome [SEP] Rabbit syndrome, antidepressant use, and cerebral perfusion SPECT scan findings

Basal Ganglia Diseases [SEP] Diseases of the BASAL GANGLIA including the PUTAMEN; GLOBUS PALLIDUS; claustrum; AMYGDALA; and CAUDATE NUCLEUS. DYSKINESIAS (mos


antidepressant [SEP] Rabbit syndrome, antidepressant use, and cerebral perfusion SPECT scan findings.

Antidepressive Agents [SEP] Mood-stimulating drugs used primarily in the treatment of affective disorders and related conditions. Several MONOAMINE OXIDASE


rabbit syndrome [SEP] The rabbit syndrome is an extrapyramidal side effect associated with chronic neurol


imipramine [SEP] oleptic therapy. Its occurrence in a patient being treated with imipramine is described, representing the first reported case of this synd

Imipramine [SEP] The prototypical tricyclic antidepressant. It has been used in major depression, dysthymia, bipolar depression, attention-defici


antidepressants [SEP] ng the first reported case of this syndrome in conjunction with antidepressants. Repeated cerebral perfusion SPECT scans revealed decreased bas


decreased basal ganglia perfusion [SEP] tidepressants. Repeated cerebral perfusion SPECT scans revealed decreased basal ganglia perfusion while the movement disorder was present, and a return to normal


movement disorder [SEP] PECT scans revealed decreased basal ganglia perfusion while the movement disorder was present, and a return to normal perfusion when the rabbit s

Movement Disorders [SEP] Syndromes which feature DYSKINESIAS as a cardinal manifestation of the disease process. Included in this category are degenerati


ipratropium bromide [SEP] Acute bronchodilating effects of ipratropium bromide and theophylline in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Ipratropium [SEP] A muscarinic antagonist structurally related to ATROPINE but often considered safer and more effective for inhalation use. It is


theophylline [SEP] Acute bronchodilating effects of ipratropium bromide and theophylline in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Theophylline [SEP] A methyl xanthine derivative from tea with diuretic, smooth muscle relaxant, bronchial dilation, cardiac and central nervous sys


chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [SEP] nchodilating effects of ipratropium bromide and theophylline in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive [SEP] A disease of chronic diffuse irreversible airflow obstruction. Subcategories of COPD include CHRONIC BRONCHITIS and PULMONARY EM


ipratropium bromide [SEP] The bronchodilator effects of a single dose of ipratropium bromide aerosol (36 micrograms) and short-acting theophylline tablets (


theophylline [SEP] of ipratropium bromide aerosol (36 micrograms) and short-acting theophylline tablets (dose titrated to produce serum levels of 10-20 microgr


chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [SEP]  placebo-controlled crossover study in 21 patients with stable, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Mean peak forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) increase


ipratropium [SEP] The bronchodilator effects of a single dose of ipratropium bromide aerosol (36 micrograms) and short-acting theophylline t


gastrointestinal systems [SEP] enced after theophylline use did involve the cardiovascular and gastrointestinal systems. These results show that ipratropium is a more potent bronchodi

Gastrointestinal Diseases [SEP] Diseases in any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT from ESOPHAGUS to RECTUM.


chronic airflow obstruction [SEP] e potent bronchodilator than oral theophylline in patients with chronic airflow obstruction.


nephropathy [SEP]  damage to the medullary interstitium in experimental analgesic nephropathy in F344 rats.

Kidney Diseases [SEP] Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues.


Renal papillary necrosis [SEP] Renal papillary necrosis (RPN) and a decreased urinary concentrating ability developed d

Kidney Papillary Necrosis [SEP] A complication of kidney diseases characterized by cell death involving KIDNEY PAPILLA in the KIDNEY MEDULLA. Damages to this ar


RPN [SEP] Renal papillary necrosis (RPN) and a decreased urinary concentrating ability developed during


aspirin [SEP] ng ability developed during continuous long-term treatment with aspirin and paracetamol in female Fischer 344 rats. Renal structure and

Aspirin [SEP] The prototypical analgesic used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain. It has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties a


paracetamol [SEP] eveloped during continuous long-term treatment with aspirin and paracetamol in female Fischer 344 rats. Renal structure and concentrating a

Acetaminophen [SEP] Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but


lithium [SEP] Less frequent lithium administration and lower urine volume.

Lithium [SEP] An element in the alkali metals family. It has the atomic symbol Li, atomic number 3, and atomic weight [6.938; 6.997]. Salts of


lithium [SEP] signed to determine whether patients maintained on a regimen of lithium on a once-per-day schedule have lower urine volumes than do pat


creatinine [SEP] were admitted to the hospital for measurement of lithium level, creatinine clearance, urine volume, and maximum osmolality. RESULTS: Multi

Creatinine [SEP]


Lithium [SEP] ing lithium once daily and/or by lowering the total daily dose. Lithium-induced polyuria seems to be related to extrarenal as well as t


polyuria [SEP]  daily and/or by lowering the total daily dose. Lithium-induced polyuria seems to be related to extrarenal as well as to renal effects.

Polyuria [SEP] Urination of a large volume of urine with an increase in urinary frequency, commonly seen in diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS; DIABET


adriamycin [SEP] Effect of adriamycin combined with whole body hyperthermia on tumor and normal tissu

Doxorubicin [SEP] Antineoplastic antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces peucetius. It is a hydroxy derivative of DAUNORUBICIN.


hyperthermia [SEP] Effect of adriamycin combined with whole body hyperthermia on tumor and normal tissues.

Fever [SEP] An abnormal elevation of body temperature, usually as a result of a pathologic process.


tumor [SEP] Effect of adriamycin combined with whole body hyperthermia on tumor and normal tissues.

Neoplasms [SEP] New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and me


Adriamycin [SEP] Thermal enhancement of Adriamycin-mediated antitumor activity and normal tissue toxicities by who


toxicities [SEP] ent of Adriamycin-mediated antitumor activity and normal tissue toxicities by whole body hyperthermia were compared using a F344 rat model

Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions [SEP] Disorders that result from the intended use of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. Included in this heading are a broad variety of chem


hyperthermia [SEP] d antitumor activity and normal tissue toxicities by whole body hyperthermia were compared using a F344 rat model. Antitumor activity was st


tumor [SEP] Thermal enhancement of Adriamycin-mediated antitumor activity and normal tissue toxicities by whole body hyperthermi


leukopenia [SEP] tumor growth delay assay. Acute normal tissue toxicities (i.e., leukopenia and thrombocytopenia) and late normal tissue toxicities (i.e.,

Leukopenia [SEP]


thrombocytopenia [SEP] lay assay. Acute normal tissue toxicities (i.e., leukopenia and thrombocytopenia) and late normal tissue toxicities (i.e., myocardial and kidney

Thrombocytopenia [SEP] A subnormal level of BLOOD PLATELETS.


kidney injury [SEP] openia) and late normal tissue toxicities (i.e., myocardial and kidney injury) were evaluated by functional/physiological assays and by morph


renal lesions [SEP] estimated for "late" damage (based on morphological cardiac and renal lesions) varied between 2.4 and 4.3. Thus, while whole body hyperthermi


toxicity [SEP] ia enhances Adriamycin-mediated antitumor effect, normal tissue toxicity is also increased, and the potential therapeutic gain of the co


Prazosin [SEP] Prazosin-induced stress incontinence.

Prazosin [SEP] A selective adrenergic alpha-1 antagonist used in the treatment of HEART FAILURE; HYPERTENSION; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; RAYNAUD DISEAS


stress incontinence [SEP] Prazosin-induced stress incontinence.

Urinary Incontinence, Stress [SEP] Involuntary discharge of URINE as a result of physical activities that increase abdominal pressure on the URINARY BLADDER withou


stress incontinence [SEP] A case of genuine stress incontinence due to prazosin, a common antihypertensive drug, is presented.


prazosin [SEP] A case of genuine stress incontinence due to prazosin, a common antihypertensive drug, is presented. Prazosin exerts


Prazosin [SEP]  due to prazosin, a common antihypertensive drug, is presented. Prazosin exerts its antihypertensive effects through vasodilatation caus


verapamil [SEP] c studies while on prazosin and subsequent studies while taking verapamil. Her incontinence resolved with the change of medication. The r

Verapamil [SEP] A calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent.


incontinence [SEP] A case of genuine stress incontinence due to prazosin, a common antihypertensive drug, is presented.

Urinary Incontinence [SEP] Involuntary loss of URINE, such as leaking of urine. It is a symptom of various underlying pathological processes. Major types o


Myocardial infarction [SEP] Myocardial infarction following sublingual administration of isosorbide dinitrate.

Myocardial Infarction [SEP] NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).


isosorbide dinitrate [SEP] Myocardial infarction following sublingual administration of isosorbide dinitrate.

Isosorbide Dinitrate [SEP] A vasodilator used in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS. Its actions are similar to NITROGLYCERIN but with a slower onset of acti


necrosis [SEP] A 78-year-old with healed septal necrosis suffered a recurrent myocardial infarction of the anterior wall

Necrosis [SEP] The pathological process occurring in cells that are dying from irreparable injuries. It is caused by the progressive, uncontrol


myocardial infarction [SEP] A 78-year-old with healed septal necrosis suffered a recurrent myocardial infarction of the anterior wall following the administration of isosorbide


isosorbide dinitrate [SEP] infarction of the anterior wall following the administration of isosorbide dinitrate 5 mg sublingually. After detailing the course of events, we dis


spasm [SEP] e course of events, we discuss the role of paradoxical coronary spasm and hypotension-mediated myocardial ischemia occurring downstre

Spasm [SEP] An involuntary contraction of a muscle or group of muscles. Spasms may involve SKELETAL MUSCLE or SMOOTH MUSCLE.


hypotension [SEP] f events, we discuss the role of paradoxical coronary spasm and hypotension-mediated myocardial ischemia occurring downstream to significan

Hypotension [SEP] Abnormally low BLOOD PRESSURE that can result in inadequate blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. Common symptom is DI


myocardial ischemia [SEP] the role of paradoxical coronary spasm and hypotension-mediated myocardial ischemia occurring downstream to significant coronary arterial stenosis

Myocardial Ischemia [SEP] A disorder of cardiac function caused by insufficient blood flow to the muscle tissue of the heart. The decreased blood flow may


coronary arterial stenosis [SEP] ediated myocardial ischemia occurring downstream to significant coronary arterial stenosis in the pathophysiology of acute coronary insufficiency.

Coronary Stenosis [SEP] Narrowing or constriction of a coronary artery.


acute coronary insufficiency [SEP] ignificant coronary arterial stenosis in the pathophysiology of acute coronary insufficiency.

Acute Coronary Syndrome [SEP] An episode of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA that generally lasts longer than a transient anginal episode that ultimately may lead to MYOCA


Fluoxetine [SEP] Fluoxetine-induced akathisia: clinical and theoretical implications.

Fluoxetine [SEP] The first highly specific serotonin uptake inhibitor. It is used as an antidepressant and often has a more acceptable side-effec


akathisia [SEP] Fluoxetine-induced akathisia: clinical and theoretical implications.

Akathisia, Drug-Induced [SEP] A condition associated with the use of certain medications and characterized by an internal sense of motor restlessness often de


fluoxetine [SEP] Five patients receiving fluoxetine for the treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder or major dep


obsessive compulsive disorder [SEP] Five patients receiving fluoxetine for the treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder or major depression developed akathisia. The typical fluoxetine

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder [SEP] An anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent, persistent obsessions or compulsions. Obsessions are the intrusive ideas, though


major depression [SEP] luoxetine for the treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder or major depression developed akathisia. The typical fluoxetine-induced symptoms of

Depressive Disorder, Major [SEP] Marked depression appearing in the involution period and characterized by hallucinations, delusions, paranoia, and agitation.


akathisia [SEP]  of obsessive compulsive disorder or major depression developed akathisia. The typical fluoxetine-induced symptoms of restlessness, const


anxiety [SEP]  pacing, purposeless movements of the feet and legs, and marked anxiety were indistinguishable from those of neuroleptic-induced akathi

Anxiety Disorders [SEP] Persistent and disabling ANXIETY.


Akathisia [SEP] ine-induced akathisia were identical, although somewhat milder. Akathisia appeared to be a common side effect of fluoxetine and generally


propranolol [SEP] responded well to treatment with the beta-adrenergic antagonist propranolol, dose reduction, or both. The authors suggest that fluoxetine-i

Propranolol [SEP] A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; ARRHYTHMIA; A


antidepressant [SEP] e pathophysiology of fluoxetine-induced akathisia and tricyclic antidepressant-induced "jitteriness" may be identical.

Antidepressive Agents [SEP] Mood-stimulating drugs used primarily in the treatment of affective disorders and related conditions. Several MONOAMINE OXIDASE


Chronic active hepatitis [SEP] Chronic active hepatitis associated with diclofenac sodium therapy.

Hepatitis, Chronic [SEP] INFLAMMATION of the LIVER with ongoing hepatocellular injury for 6 months or more, characterized by NECROSIS of HEPATOCYTES and


diclofenac sodium [SEP] Chronic active hepatitis associated with diclofenac sodium therapy.

Diclofenac [SEP] A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with antipyretic and analgesic actions. It is primarily available as the sodium


Diclofenac sodium [SEP] Diclofenac sodium (Voltarol, Geigy Pharmaceuticals) is a non-steroidal anti-infla


Voltarol [SEP] Diclofenac sodium (Voltarol, Geigy Pharmaceuticals) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory de


phenylacetic acid [SEP] maceuticals) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory derivative of phenylacetic acid. Although generally well-tolerated, asymptomatic abnormalities

phenylacetic acid [SEP]


abnormalities of liver function [SEP] nylacetic acid. Although generally well-tolerated, asymptomatic abnormalities of liver function have been recorded and, less commonly, severe hepatitis induced

Drug-Induced Liver Injury [SEP] A spectrum of clinical liver diseases ranging from mild biochemical abnormalities to ACUTE LIVER FAILURE, caused by drugs, drug


hepatitis [SEP] of liver function have been recorded and, less commonly, severe hepatitis induced by diclofenac. The patient described developed chronic


diclofenac [SEP] e been recorded and, less commonly, severe hepatitis induced by diclofenac. The patient described developed chronic active hepatitis after


chronic active hepatitis [SEP] epatitis induced by diclofenac. The patient described developed chronic active hepatitis after six months therapy with diclofenac sodium which progresse


diclofenac sodium [SEP] eveloped chronic active hepatitis after six months therapy with diclofenac sodium which progressed despite the withdrawal of the drug, a finding


Stroke [SEP] Stroke associated with cocaine use.

Stroke [SEP] A group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA o


cocaine [SEP] Stroke associated with cocaine use.

Cocaine [SEP] An alkaloid ester extracted from the leaves of plants including coca. It is a local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor and is clinic


cocaine [SEP] We describe eight patients in whom cocaine use was related to stroke and review 39 cases from the literatu


stroke [SEP] We describe eight patients in whom cocaine use was related to stroke and review 39 cases from the literature. Among these 47 patient


Stroke [SEP] ean (+/- SD) age was 32.5 +/- 12.1 years; 76% (34/45) were men. Stroke followed cocaine use by inhalation, intranasal, intravenous, an


Intracranial aneurysms [SEP]  inhalation, intranasal, intravenous, and intramuscular routes. Intracranial aneurysms or arteriovenous malformations were present in 17 of 32 patient

Intracranial Aneurysm [SEP] Abnormal outpouching in the wall of intracranial blood vessels. Most common are the saccular (berry) aneurysms located at branch


arteriovenous malformations [SEP] ntravenous, and intramuscular routes. Intracranial aneurysms or arteriovenous malformations were present in 17 of 32 patients studied angiographically or a

Arteriovenous Malformations [SEP] Abnormal formation of blood vessels that shunt arterial blood directly into veins without passing through the CAPILLARIES. They


cerebral vasculitis [SEP] nt in 17 of 32 patients studied angiographically or at autopsy; cerebral vasculitis was present in two patients. Cerebral infarction occurred in 10

Vasculitis, Central Nervous System [SEP] Inflammation of blood vessels within the central nervous system. Primary vasculitis is usually caused by autoimmune or idiopathi


Cerebral infarction [SEP] or at autopsy; cerebral vasculitis was present in two patients. Cerebral infarction occurred in 10 patients (22%), intracerebral hemorrhage in 22 (

Cerebral Infarction [SEP] The formation of an area of NECROSIS in the CEREBRUM caused by an insufficiency of arterial or venous blood flow. Infarcts of th


intracerebral hemorrhage [SEP] wo patients. Cerebral infarction occurred in 10 patients (22%), intracerebral hemorrhage in 22 (49%), and subarachnoid hemorrhage in 13 (29%). These dat

Cerebral Hemorrhage [SEP] Bleeding into one or both CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES including the BASAL GANGLIA and the CEREBRAL CORTEX. It is often associated with


subarachnoid hemorrhage [SEP] in 10 patients (22%), intracerebral hemorrhage in 22 (49%), and subarachnoid hemorrhage in 13 (29%). These data indicate that (1) the apparent incidenc

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage [SEP] Bleeding into the intracranial or spinal SUBARACHNOID SPACE, most resulting from INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSM rupture. It can occur aft


intracranial aneurysms [SEP] ion; (4) stroke after cocaine use is frequently associated with intracranial aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations; and (5) in cocaine-associated


intracranial hemorrhage [SEP] mations; and (5) in cocaine-associated stroke, the frequency of intracranial hemorrhage exceeds that of cerebral infarction.

Intracranial Hemorrhages [SEP] Bleeding within the SKULL, including hemorrhages in the brain and the three membranes of MENINGES. The escape of blood often lea


cerebral infarction [SEP] troke, the frequency of intracranial hemorrhage exceeds that of cerebral infarction.


Glyburide [SEP] Glyburide-induced hepatitis.

Glyburide [SEP] An antidiabetic sulfonylurea derivative with actions similar to those of chlorpropamide.


hepatitis [SEP] Glyburide-induced hepatitis.


hepatotoxicity [SEP] Drug-induced hepatotoxicity, although common, has been reported only infrequently with sulf


sulfonylureas [SEP] city, although common, has been reported only infrequently with sulfonylureas. For glyburide, a second-generation sulfonylurea, only two brie

Sulfonylurea Compounds [SEP]


glyburide [SEP] on, has been reported only infrequently with sulfonylureas. For glyburide, a second-generation sulfonylurea, only two brief reports of he


sulfonylurea [SEP] city, although common, has been reported only infrequently with sulfonylureas. For glyburide, a second-generation sulfonylurea, only two bri

Sulfonylurea Compounds [SEP]


type II diabetes mellitus [SEP] ly two brief reports of hepatotoxicity exist. Two patients with type II diabetes mellitus developed an acute hepatitis-like syndrome soon after initiatio

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 [SEP] A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RE


acute hepatitis-like syndrome [SEP] exist. Two patients with type II diabetes mellitus developed an acute hepatitis-like syndrome soon after initiation of glyburide therapy. There was no serolo


viral infection [SEP] iation of glyburide therapy. There was no serologic evidence of viral infection, and a liver biopsy sample showed a histologic pattern consiste

Virus Diseases [SEP] A general term for diseases produced by viruses.


drug-induced hepatitis [SEP] liver biopsy sample showed a histologic pattern consistent with drug-induced hepatitis. Both patients recovered quickly after stopping glyburide thera


Glyburide [SEP] herapy and have remained well for a follow-up period of 1 year. Glyburide can produce an acute hepatitis-like illness in some persons.


acute hepatitis-like illness [SEP] well for a follow-up period of 1 year. Glyburide can produce an acute hepatitis-like illness in some persons.


hemorrhage [SEP] Systolic pressure variation is greater during hemorrhage than during sodium nitroprusside-induced hypotension in ventila

Hemorrhage [SEP] Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel.


sodium nitroprusside [SEP] lic pressure variation is greater during hemorrhage than during sodium nitroprusside-induced hypotension in ventilated dogs.

Nitroprusside [SEP] A powerful vasodilator used in emergencies to lower blood pressure or to improve cardiac function. It is also an indicator for f


hypotension [SEP] ater during hemorrhage than during sodium nitroprusside-induced hypotension in ventilated dogs.

Hypotension [SEP] Abnormally low BLOOD PRESSURE that can result in inadequate blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. Common symptom is DI


hypotension [SEP] ve-pressure breath, was studied in ventilated dogs subjected to hypotension. Mean arterial pressure was decreased to 50 mm Hg for 30 minute


hemorrhage [SEP] ial pressure was decreased to 50 mm Hg for 30 minutes either by hemorrhage (HEM, n = 7) or by continuous infusion of sodium nitroprusside


HEM [SEP]  was decreased to 50 mm Hg for 30 minutes either by hemorrhage (HEM, n = 7) or by continuous infusion of sodium nitroprusside (SNP,


sodium nitroprusside [SEP]  either by hemorrhage (HEM, n = 7) or by continuous infusion of sodium nitroprusside (SNP, n = 7). During HEM-induced hypotension the cardiac output


SNP [SEP] (HEM, n = 7) or by continuous infusion of sodium nitroprusside (SNP, n = 7). During HEM-induced hypotension the cardiac output was


hypotensive [SEP] increases in the SPV and the delta down are characteristic of a hypotensive state due to a predominant decrease in preload. They are thus m


hypovolemia [SEP] crease in preload. They are thus more important during absolute hypovolemia than during deliberate hypotension.

Hypovolemia [SEP] An abnormally low volume of blood circulating through the body. It may result in hypovolemic shock (see SHOCK).


spasm [SEP] Drug-induced arterial spasm relieved by lidocaine. Case report.

Spasm [SEP] An involuntary contraction of a muscle or group of muscles. Spasms may involve SKELETAL MUSCLE or SMOOTH MUSCLE.


lidocaine [SEP] Drug-induced arterial spasm relieved by lidocaine. Case report.

Lidocaine [SEP] A local anesthetic and cardiac depressant used as an antiarrhythmia agent. Its actions are more intense and its effects more pro


sodium pentothal [SEP] Following major intracranial surgery in a 35-year-old man, sodium pentothal was intravenously infused to minimize cerebral ischaemia. Inten

Thiopental [SEP] A barbiturate that is administered intravenously for the induction of general anesthesia or for the production of complete anest


cerebral ischaemia [SEP] old man, sodium pentothal was intravenously infused to minimize cerebral ischaemia. Intense vasospasm with threatened gangrene arose in the arm us

Brain Ischemia [SEP] Localized reduction of blood flow to brain tissue due to arterial obstruction or systemic hypoperfusion. This frequently occurs


vasospasm [SEP] s intravenously infused to minimize cerebral ischaemia. Intense vasospasm with threatened gangrene arose in the arm used for the infusion

Vasospasm, Intracranial [SEP] Constriction of arteries in the SKULL due to sudden, sharp, and often persistent smooth muscle contraction in blood vessels. Int


gangrene [SEP]  minimize cerebral ischaemia. Intense vasospasm with threatened gangrene arose in the arm used for the infusion. Since the cranial condi

Gangrene [SEP] Death and putrefaction of tissue usually due to a loss of blood supply.


lidocaine [SEP] ince the cranial condition precluded use of more usual methods, lidocaine was given intra-arterially, with careful cardiovascular monitor


isoflurane [SEP] Cerebral blood flow and metabolism during isoflurane-induced hypotension in patients subjected to surgery for cerebr

Isoflurane [SEP] A stable, non-explosive inhalation anesthetic, relatively free from significant side effects.


hypotension [SEP] Cerebral blood flow and metabolism during isoflurane-induced hypotension in patients subjected to surgery for cerebral aneurysms.


cerebral aneurysms [SEP] lurane-induced hypotension in patients subjected to surgery for cerebral aneurysms.

Intracranial Aneurysm [SEP] Abnormal outpouching in the wall of intracranial blood vessels. Most common are the saccular (berry) aneurysms located at branch


oxygen [SEP] Cerebral blood flow and cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen were measured during isoflurane-induced hypotension in 10 patie

Oxygen [SEP] An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on ear


isoflurane [SEP] low and cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen were measured during isoflurane-induced hypotension in 10 patients subjected to craniotomy for


hypotension [SEP] tabolic rate for oxygen were measured during isoflurane-induced hypotension in 10 patients subjected to craniotomy for clipping of a cerebr


cerebral aneurysm [SEP] ension in 10 patients subjected to craniotomy for clipping of a cerebral aneurysm. Flow and metabolism were measured 5-13 days after the subarach


subarachnoid haemorrhage [SEP] aneurysm. Flow and metabolism were measured 5-13 days after the subarachnoid haemorrhage by a modification of the classical Kety-Schmidt technique using

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage [SEP] Bleeding into the intracranial or spinal SUBARACHNOID SPACE, most resulting from INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSM rupture. It can occur aft


xenon [SEP] by a modification of the classical Kety-Schmidt technique using xenon-133 i.v. Anaesthesia was maintained with an inspired isoflurane

Xenon [SEP] A noble gas with the atomic symbol Xe, atomic number 54, and atomic weight 131.30. It is found in the earth's atmosphere and has


nitrous oxide [SEP] ed with an inspired isoflurane concentration of 0.75% (plus 67% nitrous oxide in oxygen), during which CBF and CMRO2 were 34.3 +/- 2.1 ml/100

Nitrous Oxide [SEP] Nitrogen oxide (N2O). A colorless, odorless gas that is used as an anesthetic and analgesic. High concentrations cause a narcoti


Hg [SEP]  +/- SEM). Controlled hypotension to an average MAP of 50-55 mm Hg was induced by increasing the dose of isoflurane, and maintaine

Mercury [SEP] A silver metallic element that exists as a liquid at room temperature. It has the atomic symbol Hg (from hydrargyrum, liquid sil


aneurysm [SEP]  10 patients subjected to craniotomy for clipping of a cerebral aneurysm. Flow and metabolism were measured 5-13 days after the subarach

Aneurysm [SEP] Pathological outpouching or sac-like dilatation in the wall of any blood vessel (ARTERIES or VEINS) or the heart (HEART ANEURYSM


hypotensive [SEP] ncrease in CBF, although CMRO2 was unchanged, compared with pre-hypotensive values. These changes might offer protection to brain tissue du


Allergic reaction [SEP] Allergic reaction to 5-fluorouracil infusion.

Drug Hypersensitivity [SEP] Immunologically mediated adverse reactions to medicinal substances used legally or illegally.


5-fluorouracil [SEP] Allergic reaction to 5-fluorouracil infusion.

Fluorouracil [SEP] A pyrimidine analog that is an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking the THYMIDYLATE SYNTH


allergic reaction [SEP] An allergic reaction consisting of angioneurotic edema secondary to continuous infus


angioneurotic edema [SEP] An allergic reaction consisting of angioneurotic edema secondary to continuous infusion 5-fluorouracil occurred in a p

Angioedema [SEP] Swelling involving the deep DERMIS, subcutaneous, or submucosal tissues, representing localized EDEMA. Angioedema often occurs i


5-fluorouracil [SEP] sisting of angioneurotic edema secondary to continuous infusion 5-fluorouracil occurred in a patient with recurrent carcinoma of the oral cavi


carcinoma of the oral cavity [SEP] us infusion 5-fluorouracil occurred in a patient with recurrent carcinoma of the oral cavity, cirrhosis, and cisplatin-induced impaired renal function. This

Mouth Neoplasms [SEP] Tumors or cancer of the MOUTH.


cirrhosis [SEP] urred in a patient with recurrent carcinoma of the oral cavity, cirrhosis, and cisplatin-induced impaired renal function. This reaction o

Fibrosis [SEP] Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other


cisplatin [SEP] ent with recurrent carcinoma of the oral cavity, cirrhosis, and cisplatin-induced impaired renal function. This reaction occurred during

Cisplatin [SEP] An inorganic and water-soluble platinum complex. After undergoing hydrolysis, it reacts with DNA to produce both intra and inter


impaired renal function [SEP]  carcinoma of the oral cavity, cirrhosis, and cisplatin-induced impaired renal function. This reaction occurred during the sixth and seventh courses of

Kidney Diseases [SEP] Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues.


diphenhydramine [SEP]  the sixth and seventh courses of infusional chemotherapy. Oral diphenhydramine and prednisone were ineffective in preventing the recurrence of

Diphenhydramine [SEP] A histamine H1 antagonist used as an antiemetic, antitussive, for dermatoses and pruritus, for hypersensitivity reactions, as a


prednisone [SEP] th courses of infusional chemotherapy. Oral diphenhydramine and prednisone were ineffective in preventing the recurrence of the allergic r

Prednisone [SEP] A synthetic anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid derived from CORTISONE. It is biologically inert and converted to PREDNISOLONE in t


Amiodarone [SEP] Amiodarone-induced sinoatrial block.

Amiodarone [SEP] An antianginal and class III antiarrhythmic drug. It increases the duration of ventricular and atrial muscle action by inhibitin


sinoatrial block [SEP] Amiodarone-induced sinoatrial block.

Sinoatrial Block [SEP] Disturbance in the atrial activation that is caused by transient failure of impulse conduction from the SINOATRIAL NODE to the H


sinoatrial block [SEP] We observed sinoatrial block due to chronic amiodarone administration in a 5-year-old boy wi


amiodarone [SEP] We observed sinoatrial block due to chronic amiodarone administration in a 5-year-old boy with primary cardiomyopathy,


primary cardiomyopathy [SEP] e to chronic amiodarone administration in a 5-year-old boy with primary cardiomyopathy, Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome and supraventricular tachycardi

Cardiomyopathies [SEP] A group of diseases in which the dominant feature is the involvement of the CARDIAC MUSCLE itself. Cardiomyopathies are classifi


Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome [SEP] administration in a 5-year-old boy with primary cardiomyopathy, Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome and supraventricular tachycardia. Reduction in the dosage of am

Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome [SEP] A form of ventricular pre-excitation characterized by a short PR interval and a long QRS interval with a delta wave. In this syn


supraventricular tachycardia [SEP] with primary cardiomyopathy, Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome and supraventricular tachycardia. Reduction in the dosage of amiodarone resulted in the disappea

Tachycardia, Supraventricular [SEP] A generic expression for any tachycardia that originates above the BUNDLE OF HIS.


sinus bradycardia [SEP] nce of the sinoatrial block and the persistence of asymptomatic sinus bradycardia.

Sick Sinus Syndrome [SEP] A condition caused by dysfunctions related to the SINOATRIAL NODE including impulse generation (CARDIAC SINUS ARREST) and impuls


sulphasalazine [SEP] Possible teratogenicity of sulphasalazine.

Sulfasalazine [SEP] A drug that is used in the management of inflammatory bowel diseases. Its activity is generally considered to lie in its metabol


inflammatory bowel disease [SEP] Three infants, born of two mothers with inflammatory bowel disease who received treatment with sulphasalazine throughout pregnancy

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases [SEP] Chronic, non-specific inflammation of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT. Etiology may be genetic or environmental. This term includes C


sulphasalazine [SEP] ers with inflammatory bowel disease who received treatment with sulphasalazine throughout pregnancy, were found to have major congenital anoma


congenital anomalies [SEP] h sulphasalazine throughout pregnancy, were found to have major congenital anomalies. In the singleton pregnancy, the mother had ulcerative colitis,

Congenital Abnormalities [SEP] Malformations of organs or body parts during development in utero.


ulcerative colitis [SEP] ongenital anomalies. In the singleton pregnancy, the mother had ulcerative colitis, and the infant, a male, had coarctation of the aorta and a ven

Colitis, Ulcerative [SEP] Inflammation of the COLON that is predominantly confined to the MUCOSA. Its major symptoms include DIARRHEA, rectal BLEEDING, th


coarctation of the aorta [SEP]  the mother had ulcerative colitis, and the infant, a male, had coarctation of the aorta and a ventricular septal defect. In the twin pregnancy, the mot

Aortic Coarctation [SEP] A birth defect characterized by the narrowing of the AORTA that can be of varying degree and at any point from the transverse ar


ventricular septal defect [SEP] tis, and the infant, a male, had coarctation of the aorta and a ventricular septal defect. In the twin pregnancy, the mother had Crohn's disease. The fir

Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular [SEP] Developmental abnormalities in any portion of the VENTRICULAR SEPTUM resulting in abnormal communications between the two lower


Crohn's disease [SEP] entricular septal defect. In the twin pregnancy, the mother had Crohn's disease. The first twin, a female, had a left Potter-type IIa polycysti

Crohn Disease [SEP] A chronic transmural inflammation that may involve any part of the DIGESTIVE TRACT from MOUTH to ANUS, mostly found in the ILEUM


Potter-type IIa polycystic kidney [SEP] other had Crohn's disease. The first twin, a female, had a left Potter-type IIa polycystic kidney and a rudimentary left uterine cornu. The second twin, a male,

Polycystic Kidney Diseases [SEP] Hereditary diseases that are characterized by the progressive expansion of a large number of tightly packed CYSTS within the KID


talipes equinovarus [SEP] er's facies, hypoplastic lungs, absent kidneys and ureters, and talipes equinovarus. Despite reports to the contrary, it is suggested that sulphasa

Clubfoot [SEP] A deformed foot in which the foot is plantarflexed, inverted and adducted.


Veno-occlusive liver disease [SEP] Veno-occlusive liver disease after dacarbazine therapy (DTIC) for melanoma.

Hepatic Veno-Occlusive Disease [SEP] Liver disease that is caused by injuries to the ENDOTHELIAL CELLS of the vessels and subendothelial EDEMA, but not by THROMBOSIS


dacarbazine [SEP] Veno-occlusive liver disease after dacarbazine therapy (DTIC) for melanoma.

Dacarbazine [SEP] An antineoplastic agent. It has significant activity against melanomas. (from Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed, p564


DTIC [SEP] Veno-occlusive liver disease after dacarbazine therapy (DTIC) for melanoma.


melanoma [SEP] no-occlusive liver disease after dacarbazine therapy (DTIC) for melanoma.

Melanoma [SEP] A malignant neoplasm derived from cells that are capable of forming melanin, which may occur in the skin of any part of the body


veno-occlusive disease of the liver [SEP] A case of veno-occlusive disease of the liver with fatal outcome after dacarbazine (DTIC) therapy for melanom


dacarbazine [SEP] of veno-occlusive disease of the liver with fatal outcome after dacarbazine (DTIC) therapy for melanoma is reported. There was a fulminant


DTIC [SEP] sive disease of the liver with fatal outcome after dacarbazine (DTIC) therapy for melanoma is reported. There was a fulminant clinic


melanoma [SEP] e liver with fatal outcome after dacarbazine (DTIC) therapy for melanoma is reported. There was a fulminant clinical course from start o


death [SEP] re was a fulminant clinical course from start of symptoms until death. At autopsy the liver was enlarged and firm with signs of venou

Death [SEP] Irreversible cessation of all bodily functions, manifested by absence of spontaneous breathing and total loss of cardiovascular


venous congestion [SEP] death. At autopsy the liver was enlarged and firm with signs of venous congestion. Small- and medium-sized hepatic veins were blocked by thrombos

Hyperemia [SEP] The presence of an increased amount of blood in a body part or an organ leading to congestion or engorgement of blood vessels. H


thrombosis [SEP] ngestion. Small- and medium-sized hepatic veins were blocked by thrombosis. Eosinophilic infiltrations were found around the vessels. Publ

Thrombosis [SEP] Formation and development of a thrombus or blood clot in the blood vessel.


tardive dyskinesia [SEP] A case of tardive dyskinesia caused by metoclopramide.

Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced [SEP] Abnormal movements, including HYPERKINESIS; HYPOKINESIA; TREMOR; and DYSTONIA, associated with the use of certain medications or


metoclopramide [SEP] A case of tardive dyskinesia caused by metoclopramide.

Metoclopramide [SEP] A dopamine D2 antagonist that is used as an antiemetic.


Abnormal involuntary movements [SEP] Abnormal involuntary movements appeared in the mouth, tongue, neck and abdomen of a 64-year-ol


metoclopramide [SEP] e, neck and abdomen of a 64-year-old male patient after he took metoclopramide for gastrointestinal disorder in a regimen of 30 mg per day for


gastrointestinal disorder [SEP]  of a 64-year-old male patient after he took metoclopramide for gastrointestinal disorder in a regimen of 30 mg per day for a total of about 260 days. Th

Gastrointestinal Diseases [SEP] Diseases in any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT from ESOPHAGUS to RECTUM.


abnormal movements [SEP] h. When the metoclopramide administration was discontinued, the abnormal movements gradually improved to a considerable extent. Attention to the p


tardive dyskinesia [SEP] derable extent. Attention to the possible induction of specific tardive dyskinesia is called for in the use of this drug.


amiodarone [SEP] Further observations on the electrophysiologic effects of oral amiodarone therapy.

Amiodarone [SEP] An antianginal and class III antiarrhythmic drug. It increases the duration of ventricular and atrial muscle action by inhibitin


intra-Hisian block [SEP] A case is presented of a reversible intra-Hisian block occurring under amiodarone treatment for atrial tachycardia in

Heart Block [SEP] Impaired conduction of cardiac impulse that can occur anywhere along the conduction pathway, such as between the SINOATRIAL NODE


amiodarone [SEP] is presented of a reversible intra-Hisian block occurring under amiodarone treatment for atrial tachycardia in a patient without clear int


atrial tachycardia [SEP] ble intra-Hisian block occurring under amiodarone treatment for atrial tachycardia in a patient without clear intraventricular conduction abnormal

Tachycardia, Supraventricular [SEP] A generic expression for any tachycardia that originates above the BUNDLE OF HIS.


intraventricular conduction abnormalities [SEP] one treatment for atrial tachycardia in a patient without clear intraventricular conduction abnormalities. His bundle recordings showed an atrial tachycardia with interm


atrial flutter [SEP] fter amiodarone discontinuation, His bundle electrograms showed atrial flutter without intra-Hisian or infra-Hisian delay. Amiodarone should b

Atrial Flutter [SEP] Rapid, irregular atrial contractions caused by a block of electrical impulse conduction in the right atrium and a reentrant wave


Amiodarone [SEP] owed atrial flutter without intra-Hisian or infra-Hisian delay. Amiodarone should be used with caution during long-term oral therapy in pa


Busulfan [SEP] Busulfan-induced hemorrhagic cystitis.

Busulfan [SEP] An alkylating agent having a selective immunosuppressive effect on BONE MARROW. It has been used in the palliative treatment of


hemorrhagic [SEP] Busulfan-induced hemorrhagic cystitis.

Hemorrhage [SEP] Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel.


cystitis [SEP] Busulfan-induced hemorrhagic cystitis.

Cystitis [SEP] Inflammation of the URINARY BLADDER, either from bacterial or non-bacterial causes. Cystitis is usually associated with painful


busulfan [SEP] A case of a busulfan-induced hemorrhage cystitis is reported. Spontaneous resolution


hemorrhage [SEP] A case of a busulfan-induced hemorrhage cystitis is reported. Spontaneous resolution occurred following


cystitis [SEP] A case of a busulfan-induced hemorrhage cystitis is reported. Spontaneous resolution occurred following cessatio


cyclophosphamide [SEP] tologic appearances of busulfan cystitis and both radiation and cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis is discussed and the world literature reviewed

Cyclophosphamide [SEP] Precursor of an alkylating nitrogen mustard antineoplastic and immunosuppressive agent that must be activated in the LIVER to fo


carcinoma [SEP] of the known tendency of busulfan to induce cellular atypia and carcinoma in other sites, periodic urinary cytology is suggested in patie

Carcinoma [SEP] A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases. It i


hypertensive [SEP] Rebound hypertensive after sodium nitroprusside prevented by saralasin in rats.

Hypertension [SEP] Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is c


sodium nitroprusside [SEP] Rebound hypertensive after sodium nitroprusside prevented by saralasin in rats.

Nitroprusside [SEP] A powerful vasodilator used in emergencies to lower blood pressure or to improve cardiac function. It is also an indicator for f


saralasin [SEP] Rebound hypertensive after sodium nitroprusside prevented by saralasin in rats.

Saralasin [SEP] An octapeptide analog of angiotensin II (bovine) with amino acids 1 and 8 replaced with sarcosine and alanine, respectively. It


angiotensin [SEP] The role of the renin--angiotensin system in the maintenance of blood pressure during halothane an

Angiotensins [SEP] Oligopeptides which are important in the regulation of blood pressure (VASOCONSTRICTION) and fluid homeostasis via the RENIN-ANG


halothane [SEP] -angiotensin system in the maintenance of blood pressure during halothane anesthesia and sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-induced hypotension w

Halothane [SEP] A nonflammable, halogenated, hydrocarbon anesthetic that provides relatively rapid induction with little or no excitement. Analg


sodium nitroprusside [SEP] e maintenance of blood pressure during halothane anesthesia and sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-induced hypotension was evaluated. Control rats received


SNP [SEP]  pressure during halothane anesthesia and sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-induced hypotension was evaluated. Control rats received halot


hypotension [SEP] ing halothane anesthesia and sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-induced hypotension was evaluated. Control rats received halothane anesthesia (1 MA

Hypotension [SEP] Abnormally low BLOOD PRESSURE that can result in inadequate blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. Common symptom is DI


saralasin [SEP] s treated identically and, in addition, received an infusion of saralasin (a competitive inhibitor of angiotensin II) throughout the expe


angiotensin II [SEP] , received an infusion of saralasin (a competitive inhibitor of angiotensin II) throughout the experimental period. In each group, SNP infusio

Angiotensin II [SEP] An octapeptide that is a potent but labile vasoconstrictor. It is produced from angiotensin I after the removal of two amino aci


increase in blood pressure [SEP] the SNP infusion the control animals demonstrated a progressive increase in blood pressure to 61 torr, whereas the saralasin-treated animals showed no cha


hypotensive [SEP] n of the renin--angiotensin system in antagonizing the combined hypotensive effects of halothane and SNP.


Toxic hepatitis [SEP] Toxic hepatitis induced by antithyroid drugs: four cases including one with cro

Drug-Induced Liver Injury [SEP] A spectrum of clinical liver diseases ranging from mild biochemical abnormalities to ACUTE LIVER FAILURE, caused by drugs, drug


carbimazole [SEP] d drugs: four cases including one with cross-reactivity between carbimazole and benzylthiouracil.

Carbimazole [SEP] An imidazole antithyroid agent. Carbimazole is metabolized to METHIMAZOLE, which is responsible for the antithyroid activity.


benzylthiouracil [SEP] ses including one with cross-reactivity between carbimazole and benzylthiouracil.

benzylthiouracil [SEP]


hepatic adverse effects [SEP] OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to assess the occurrence of hepatic adverse effects encountered with antithyroid drugs. METHODS: Retrospective revi


hyperthyroidism [SEP] S: Retrospective review of medical records of 236 patients with hyperthyroidism admitted in our department (in- or out-patients) from 1986 to 1

Hyperthyroidism [SEP] Hypersecretion of THYROID HORMONES from the THYROID GLAND. Elevated levels of thyroid hormones increase BASAL METABOLIC RATE.


toxic hepatitis [SEP] 986 to 1992. RESULTS: Four patients (1.7%) were identified with toxic hepatitis which could reasonably be attributed to the use of antithyroid


cholestatic [SEP]  attributed to the use of antithyroid agent. Two patients had a cholestatic hepatitis induced by carbimazole (N  omercazole). Two others ha

Cholestasis [SEP] Impairment of bile flow due to obstruction in small bile ducts (INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS) or obstruction in large bile ducts (EX


hepatitis [SEP]  1992. RESULTS: Four patients (1.7%) were identified with toxic hepatitis which could reasonably be attributed to the use of antithyroid


carbimazole [SEP] roid agent. Two patients had a cholestatic hepatitis induced by carbimazole (N  omercazole). Two others had a mixed (cholestatic and cytoly


N  omercazole [SEP] wo patients had a cholestatic hepatitis induced by carbimazole (N  omercazole). Two others had a mixed (cholestatic and cytolytic) hepatitis


Benzylthiouracil [SEP]  further experienced a cytolytic hepatitis which appeared after Benzylthiouracil (Basd  ne) had replaced carbimazole. Biological features of hep

benzylthiouracil [SEP]


Basd  ne [SEP] ed a cytolytic hepatitis which appeared after Benzylthiouracil (Basd  ne) had replaced carbimazole. Biological features of hepatitis dis

benzylthiouracil [SEP]


neutropenia [SEP] atients of our retrospective study experienced a mild or severe neutropenia. CONCLUSION: Toxic hepatitis is a potential adverse effect of a

Neutropenia [SEP] A decrease in the number of NEUTROPHILS found in the blood.


Toxic hepatitis [SEP] ive study experienced a mild or severe neutropenia. CONCLUSION: Toxic hepatitis is a potential adverse effect of antithyroid drugs which warran


hepatotoxicity [SEP] d a careful follow-up of relevant biological markers. Moreover, hepatotoxicity may not be restricted to one class of antithyroid agents.


vitamin B12 [SEP] Study of the role of vitamin B12 and folinic acid supplementation in preventing hematologic toxi

Vitamin B 12 [SEP] A cobalt-containing coordination compound produced by intestinal micro-organisms and found also in soil and water. Higher plants


folinic acid [SEP] Study of the role of vitamin B12 and folinic acid supplementation in preventing hematologic toxicity of zidovudin

Leucovorin [SEP] The active metabolite of FOLIC ACID. Leucovorin is used principally as its calcium salt as an antidote to folic acid antagonists


toxicity [SEP]  B12 and folinic acid supplementation in preventing hematologic toxicity of zidovudine.

Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions [SEP] Disorders that result from the intended use of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. Included in this heading are a broad variety of chem


zidovudine [SEP] inic acid supplementation in preventing hematologic toxicity of zidovudine.

Zidovudine [SEP] A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by an azido group. This modific


vitamin B12 [SEP] pective, randomized study was conducted to evaluate the role of vitamin B12 and folinic acid supplementation in preventing zidovudine (ZDV)


folinic acid [SEP] zed study was conducted to evaluate the role of vitamin B12 and folinic acid supplementation in preventing zidovudine (ZDV)-induced bone mar


zidovudine [SEP] e of vitamin B12 and folinic acid supplementation in preventing zidovudine (ZDV)-induced bone marrow suppression. Seventy-five human immun


ZDV [SEP]  B12 and folinic acid supplementation in preventing zidovudine (ZDV)-induced bone marrow suppression. Seventy-five human immunodefi


bone marrow suppression [SEP] nic acid supplementation in preventing zidovudine (ZDV)-induced bone marrow suppression. Seventy-five human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patie

Bone Marrow Diseases [SEP]


human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected [SEP]  zidovudine (ZDV)-induced bone marrow suppression. Seventy-five human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with CD4+ cell counts < 500/mm3 were randomized to rec

HIV Infections [SEP] Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity, thru AIDS-related


death [SEP] ly, 15 patients were excluded from the study (noncompliance 14, death 1); thus, 60 patients (31 in group I and 29 in group II) were e

Death [SEP] Irreversible cessation of all bodily functions, manifested by absence of spontaneous breathing and total loss of cardiovascular


folate [SEP] ups were found at enrollment. During the study, vitamin B12 and folate levels were significantly higher in group II patients; however,

Folic Acid [SEP] A member of the vitamin B family that stimulates the hematopoietic system. It is present in the liver and kidney and is found in


toxicity [SEP] ved between groups at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. Severe hematologic toxicity (neutrophil count < 1000/mm3 and/or hemoglobin < 8 g/dl) occurr


myelosuppression [SEP] elation between vitamin B12 or folate levels and development of myelosuppression. Vitamin B12 and folinic acid supplementation of ZDV therapy do

Bone Marrow Diseases [SEP]


Vitamin B12 [SEP] tamin B12 or folate levels and development of myelosuppression. Vitamin B12 and folinic acid supplementation of ZDV therapy does not seem u


myelotoxicity [SEP] rapy does not seem useful in preventing or reducing ZDV-induced myelotoxicity in the overall treated population, although a beneficial effect

Bone Marrow Diseases [SEP]


confusion [SEP] Acute confusion induced by a high-dose infusion of 5-fluorouracil and folinic a

Confusion [SEP] A mental state characterized by bewilderment, emotional disturbance, lack of clear thinking, and perceptual disorientation.


5-fluorouracil [SEP] Acute confusion induced by a high-dose infusion of 5-fluorouracil and folinic acid.

Fluorouracil [SEP] A pyrimidine analog that is an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking the THYMIDYLATE SYNTH


folinic acid [SEP] confusion induced by a high-dose infusion of 5-fluorouracil and folinic acid.


cisplatinum [SEP] old man was treated with combination chemotherapy incorporating cisplatinum, etoposide, high-dose 5-fluorouracil (2,250 mg/m2/24 hours) and

Cisplatin [SEP] An inorganic and water-soluble platinum complex. After undergoing hydrolysis, it reacts with DNA to produce both intra and inter


etoposide [SEP] reated with combination chemotherapy incorporating cisplatinum, etoposide, high-dose 5-fluorouracil (2,250 mg/m2/24 hours) and folinic ac

Etoposide [SEP] A semisynthetic derivative of PODOPHYLLOTOXIN that exhibits antitumor activity. Etoposide inhibits DNA synthesis by forming a co


5-fluorouracil [SEP] on chemotherapy incorporating cisplatinum, etoposide, high-dose 5-fluorouracil (2,250 mg/m2/24 hours) and folinic acid for an inoperable gastr


folinic acid [SEP]  etoposide, high-dose 5-fluorouracil (2,250 mg/m2/24 hours) and folinic acid for an inoperable gastric adenocarcinoma. He developed acute ne


gastric adenocarcinoma [SEP] racil (2,250 mg/m2/24 hours) and folinic acid for an inoperable gastric adenocarcinoma. He developed acute neurologic symptoms of mental confusion, di

Stomach Neoplasms [SEP] Tumors or cancer of the STOMACH.


confusion [SEP] denocarcinoma. He developed acute neurologic symptoms of mental confusion, disorientation and irritability, and then lapsed into a deep c


disorientation [SEP] ma. He developed acute neurologic symptoms of mental confusion, disorientation and irritability, and then lapsed into a deep coma, lasting for


irritability [SEP] ute neurologic symptoms of mental confusion, disorientation and irritability, and then lapsed into a deep coma, lasting for approximately 40

Mental Disorders [SEP] Psychiatric illness or diseases manifested by breakdowns in the adaptational process expressed primarily as abnormalities of tho


coma [SEP] n, disorientation and irritability, and then lapsed into a deep coma, lasting for approximately 40 hours during the first dose (day

Coma [SEP] A profound state of unconsciousness associated with depressed cerebral activity from which the individual cannot be aroused. Com


neurotoxicity [SEP] folinic acid was unlikely to be associated with this condition, neurotoxicity due to high-dose 5-fluorouracil was highly suspected. The patho

Neurotoxicity Syndromes [SEP] Neurologic disorders caused by exposure to toxic substances through ingestion, injection, cutaneous application, or other method


fluoroacetate [SEP] orouracil neurotoxicity may be due to a Krebs cycle blockade by fluoroacetate and fluorocitrate, thiamine deficiency, or dihydrouracil dehydr

Fluoroacetates [SEP] Derivatives of acetic acid with one or more fluorines attached. They are almost odorless, difficult to detect chemically, and ve


fluorocitrate [SEP] icity may be due to a Krebs cycle blockade by fluoroacetate and fluorocitrate, thiamine deficiency, or dihydrouracil dehydrogenase deficiency

fluorocitrate [SEP]


thiamine [SEP] e to a Krebs cycle blockade by fluoroacetate and fluorocitrate, thiamine deficiency, or dihydrouracil dehydrogenase deficiency. High-dos

Thiamine [SEP] 3-((4-Amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl)-5-(2- hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazolium chloride.


dihydrouracil [SEP] ade by fluoroacetate and fluorocitrate, thiamine deficiency, or dihydrouracil dehydrogenase deficiency. High-dose 5-fluorouracil/folinic acid

dihydrouracil [SEP]


cancers [SEP] usion therapy has recently become a popular regimen for various cancers. It is necessary that both oncologists and neurologists be full

Neoplasms [SEP] New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and me


carbamazepine [SEP] Effect of switching carbamazepine to oxcarbazepine on the plasma levels of neuroleptics. A case r

Carbamazepine [SEP] An anticonvulsant used to control grand mal and psychomotor or focal seizures. Its mode of action is not fully understood, but s


oxcarbazepine [SEP] Effect of switching carbamazepine to oxcarbazepine on the plasma levels of neuroleptics. A case report.

oxcarbazepine [SEP]


Carbamazepine [SEP] Carbamazepine was switched to its 10-keto analogue oxcarbazepine among six di


oxcarbazepine [SEP] Carbamazepine was switched to its 10-keto analogue oxcarbazepine among six difficult-to-treat schizophrenic or organic psychotic

oxcarbazepine [SEP]


schizophrenic [SEP] its 10-keto analogue oxcarbazepine among six difficult-to-treat schizophrenic or organic psychotic patients using concomitantly haloperidol,

Schizophrenia [SEP] A severe emotional disorder of psychotic depth characteristically marked by a retreat from reality with delusion formation, HALL


organic psychotic [SEP] gue oxcarbazepine among six difficult-to-treat schizophrenic or organic psychotic patients using concomitantly haloperidol, chlorpromazine or clo

Delirium, Dementia, Amnestic, Cognitive Disorders [SEP] Cognitive disorders including delirium, dementia, and other cognitive disorders. These may be the result of substance use, traum


haloperidol [SEP] schizophrenic or organic psychotic patients using concomitantly haloperidol, chlorpromazine or clozapine. This change resulted within 2-4 w

Haloperidol [SEP] A phenyl-piperidinyl-butyrophenone that is used primarily to treat SCHIZOPHRENIA and other PSYCHOSES. It is also used in schizoa


chlorpromazine [SEP]  or organic psychotic patients using concomitantly haloperidol, chlorpromazine or clozapine. This change resulted within 2-4 weeks in the 50-2

Chlorpromazine [SEP] The prototypical phenothiazine antipsychotic drug. Like the other drugs in this class chlorpromazine's antipsychotic actions are


clozapine [SEP] tic patients using concomitantly haloperidol, chlorpromazine or clozapine. This change resulted within 2-4 weeks in the 50-200% increase

Clozapine [SEP] A tricylic dibenzodiazepine, classified as an atypical antipsychotic agent. It binds several types of central nervous system rec


extrapyramidal symptoms [SEP] n the plasma levels of these neuroleptics and the appearance of extrapyramidal symptoms. None of the patients showed any clinical deteriotation during

Basal Ganglia Diseases [SEP] Diseases of the BASAL GANGLIA including the PUTAMEN; GLOBUS PALLIDUS; claustrum; AMYGDALA; and CAUDATE NUCLEUS. DYSKINESIAS (mos


carbamazepine [SEP] ults of this case report support the idea that in contrast with carbamazepine oxcarbazepine does not induce the hepatic microsomal enzyme sys


Erythema multiforme [SEP] Erythema multiforme and hypersensitivity myocarditis caused by ampicillin.

Erythema Multiforme [SEP] A skin and mucous membrane disease characterized by an eruption of macules, papules, nodules, vesicles, and/or bullae with chara


hypersensitivity myocarditis [SEP] Erythema multiforme and hypersensitivity myocarditis caused by ampicillin.

Myocarditis [SEP] Inflammatory processes of the muscular walls of the heart (MYOCARDIUM) which result in injury to the cardiac muscle cells (MYOCY


ampicillin [SEP] Erythema multiforme and hypersensitivity myocarditis caused by ampicillin.

Ampicillin [SEP] Semi-synthetic derivative of penicillin that functions as an orally active broad-spectrum antibiotic.


erythema multiforme [SEP] OBJECTIVE: To report a case of erythema multiforme and hypersensitivity myocarditis caused by ampicillin. CASE SUM


hypersensitivity myocarditis [SEP] OBJECTIVE: To report a case of erythema multiforme and hypersensitivity myocarditis caused by ampicillin. CASE SUMMARY: A 13-year-old boy was treat


ampicillin [SEP]  erythema multiforme and hypersensitivity myocarditis caused by ampicillin. CASE SUMMARY: A 13-year-old boy was treated with ampicillin an


gentamicin [SEP] CASE SUMMARY: A 13-year-old boy was treated with ampicillin and gentamicin because of suspected septicemia. Medications were discontinued

Gentamicins [SEP] A complex of closely related aminoglycosides obtained from MICROMONOSPORA purpurea and related species. They are broad-spectrum


septicemia [SEP] was treated with ampicillin and gentamicin because of suspected septicemia. Medications were discontinued when erythema multiforme and con

Sepsis [SEP] Systemic inflammatory response syndrome with a proven or suspected infectious etiology. When sepsis is associated with organ dys


congestive heart failure [SEP] mia. Medications were discontinued when erythema multiforme and congestive heart failure caused by myocarditis occurred. The patient was treated with me

Heart Failure [SEP] A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Hear


myocarditis [SEP] E: To report a case of erythema multiforme and hypersensitivity myocarditis caused by ampicillin. CASE SUMMARY: A 13-year-old boy was treat


methylprednisolone [SEP] re caused by myocarditis occurred. The patient was treated with methylprednisolone and gradually improved. Macrophage-migration inhibition (MIF) t

Methylprednisolone [SEP] A PREDNISOLONE derivative with similar anti-inflammatory action.


infections [SEP] (MIF) test with ampicillin was positive. DISCUSSION: After most infections causing erythema multiforme and myocarditis were ruled out, a d

Infection [SEP] Invasion of the host organism by microorganisms that can cause pathological conditions or diseases.


drug-induced allergic reaction [SEP] s causing erythema multiforme and myocarditis were ruled out, a drug-induced allergic reaction was suspected. Positive MIF test for ampicillin showed sensitiz

Drug Hypersensitivity [SEP] Immunologically mediated adverse reactions to medicinal substances used legally or illegally.


Hypersensitivity myocarditis [SEP] zation of the patient's lymphocytes to ampicillin. CONCLUSIONS: Hypersensitivity myocarditis is a rare and dangerous manifestation of allergy to penicillins


allergy [SEP] ensitivity myocarditis is a rare and dangerous manifestation of allergy to penicillins.


penicillins [SEP] myocarditis is a rare and dangerous manifestation of allergy to penicillins.

Penicillins [SEP] A group of antibiotics that contain 6-aminopenicillanic acid with a side chain attached to the 6-amino group. The penicillin nuc


allergic reactions [SEP] Immediate allergic reactions to amoxicillin.


amoxicillin [SEP] Immediate allergic reactions to amoxicillin.

Amoxicillin [SEP] A broad-spectrum semisynthetic antibiotic similar to AMPICILLIN except that its resistance to gastric acid permits higher serum


allergic reactions [SEP] A large group of patients with suspected allergic reactions to beta-lactam antibiotics was evaluated. A detailed clinical h


beta-lactam [SEP] A large group of patients with suspected allergic reactions to beta-lactam antibiotics was evaluated. A detailed clinical history, togethe

beta-Lactams [SEP] Four-membered cyclic AMIDES, best known for the PENICILLINS based on a bicyclo-thiazolidine, as well as the CEPHALOSPORINS based


allergic [SEP] A large group of patients with suspected allergic reactions to beta-lactam antibiotics was evaluated. A detailed


amoxicillin [SEP] actam antibiotics had selective immediate allergic responses to amoxicillin (AX) or were cross-reacting with other penicillin derivatives.


AX [SEP] tics had selective immediate allergic responses to amoxicillin (AX) or were cross-reacting with other penicillin derivatives. Skin


penicillin [SEP] responses to amoxicillin (AX) or were cross-reacting with other penicillin derivatives. Skin tests were performed with benzylpenicilloyl-p


benzylpenicillin [SEP]  benzylpenicilloyl-poly-L-lysine (BPO-PLL), benzylpenicilloate, benzylpenicillin (PG), ampicillin (AMP), and AX. RAST for BPO-PLL and AX-PLL was

Penicillin G [SEP] A penicillin derivative commonly used in the form of its sodium or potassium salts in the treatment of a variety of infections.


PG [SEP] -poly-L-lysine (BPO-PLL), benzylpenicilloate, benzylpenicillin (PG), ampicillin (AMP), and AX. RAST for BPO-PLL and AX-PLL was don


ampicillin [SEP] -L-lysine (BPO-PLL), benzylpenicilloate, benzylpenicillin (PG), ampicillin (AMP), and AX. RAST for BPO-PLL and AX-PLL was done. When both


AMP [SEP] PO-PLL), benzylpenicilloate, benzylpenicillin (PG), ampicillin (AMP), and AX. RAST for BPO-PLL and AX-PLL was done. When both skin


allergy [SEP] m antibiotics. We selected the 54 (30.5%) cases of immediate AX allergy with good tolerance of PG. Anaphylaxis was seen in 37 patients


Anaphylaxis [SEP] 30.5%) cases of immediate AX allergy with good tolerance of PG. Anaphylaxis was seen in 37 patients (69%), the other 17 (31%) having urtica

Anaphylaxis [SEP] An acute hypersensitivity reaction due to exposure to a previously encountered ANTIGEN. The reaction may include rapidly progres


urticaria [SEP] ylaxis was seen in 37 patients (69%), the other 17 (31%) having urticaria and/or angioedema. All the patients were skin test negative to

Urticaria [SEP] A vascular reaction of the skin characterized by erythema and wheal formation due to localized increase of vascular permeability


angioedema [SEP] n 37 patients (69%), the other 17 (31%) having urticaria and/or angioedema. All the patients were skin test negative to BPO; 49 of 51 (96%

Angioedema [SEP] Swelling involving the deep DERMIS, subcutaneous, or submucosal tissues, representing localized EDEMA. Angioedema often occurs i


MDM [SEP] skin test negative to BPO; 49 of 51 (96%) were also negative to MDM, and 44 of 46 (96%) to PG. Skin tests with AX were positive in

Keratoderma, Palmoplantar [SEP] Group of mostly hereditary disorders characterized by thickening of the palms and soles as a result of excessive keratin formati


allergic reaction [SEP] A large group of patients with suspected allergic reactions to beta-lactam antibiotics was evaluated. A detailed clinical


paralysis [SEP] Persistent paralysis after prolonged use of atracurium in the absence of corticoster

Paralysis [SEP] A general term most often used to describe severe or complete loss of muscle strength due to motor system disease from the level


atracurium [SEP] Persistent paralysis after prolonged use of atracurium in the absence of corticosteroids.

Atracurium [SEP] A non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent with short duration of action. Its lack of significant cardiovascular effects an


paralysis [SEP] quiring prolonged mechanical ventilation. Reports of persistent paralysis after the discontinuance of these drugs have most often involve


vecuronium bromide [SEP] drugs have most often involved aminosteroid-based NMBAs such as vecuronium bromide, especially when used in conjunction with corticosteroids. Atra

Vecuronium Bromide [SEP] Monoquaternary homolog of PANCURONIUM. A non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent with shorter duration of action than panc


Atracurium besylate [SEP] mide, especially when used in conjunction with corticosteroids. Atracurium besylate, a short-acting benzylisoquinolinium NMBA that is eliminated in


atracurium [SEP] s, but only when used with corticosteroids. We report a case of atracurium-related paralysis persisting for approximately 50 hours in a pa


acetaminophen [SEP] Habitual use of acetaminophen as a risk factor for chronic renal failure: a comparison with p

Acetaminophen [SEP] Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but


chronic renal failure [SEP] Habitual use of acetaminophen as a risk factor for chronic renal failure: a comparison with phenacetin.

Kidney Failure, Chronic [SEP] The end-stage of CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. It is characterized by the severe irreversible kidney damage (as measured by the l


phenacetin [SEP] n as a risk factor for chronic renal failure: a comparison with phenacetin.

Phenacetin [SEP] A phenylacetamide that was formerly used in ANALGESICS but nephropathy and METHEMOGLOBINEMIA led to its withdrawal from the mark


phenacetin [SEP] s in the United States and Europe indicate that habitual use of phenacetin is associated with the development of chronic renal failure and


chronic renal failure [SEP] abitual use of phenacetin is associated with the development of chronic renal failure and end-stage renal disease (ESRD), with a relative risk in the


end-stage renal disease [SEP] is associated with the development of chronic renal failure and end-stage renal disease (ESRD), with a relative risk in the range of 4 to 19. As a resu


ESRD [SEP] velopment of chronic renal failure and end-stage renal disease (ESRD), with a relative risk in the range of 4 to 19. As a result of


acetaminophen [SEP] Maryland, and West Berlin, Germany, showed that habitual use of acetaminophen is also associated with chronic renal failure and ESRD, with a


nephrotoxic [SEP] is apparent difference in risk may not be due to differences in nephrotoxic potential of the drugs themselves. A lower relative risk would

Kidney Diseases [SEP] Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues.


heparan sulphate [SEP] Reduction of heparan sulphate-associated anionic sites in the glomerular basement membrane of

Heparitin Sulfate [SEP] A heteropolysaccharide that is similar in structure to HEPARIN. It accumulates in individuals with MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS.


streptozotocin [SEP]  anionic sites in the glomerular basement membrane of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy.

Streptozocin [SEP] An antibiotic that is produced by Stretomyces achromogenes. It is used as an antineoplastic agent and to induce diabetes in expe


diabetic nephropathy [SEP] lomerular basement membrane of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy.

Diabetic Nephropathies [SEP] KIDNEY injuries associated with diabetes mellitus and affecting KIDNEY GLOMERULUS; ARTERIOLES; KIDNEY TUBULES; and the interstit


Heparan sulphate [SEP] Heparan sulphate-associated anionic sites in the glomerular basement membrane we


diabetes [SEP] ement membrane were studied in rats 8 months after induction of diabetes by streptozotocin and in age- adn sex-matched control rats, emp

Diabetes Mellitus [SEP] A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by HYPERGLYCEMIA and GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE.


streptozotocin [SEP] ne were studied in rats 8 months after induction of diabetes by streptozotocin and in age- adn sex-matched control rats, employing the cationi


cuprolinic blue [SEP] n age- adn sex-matched control rats, employing the cationic dye cuprolinic blue. Morphometric analysis at the ultrastructural level was perform

copper phthalocyanine [SEP]


heparan sulphate [SEP] l level was performed using a computerized image processor. The heparan sulphate specificity of the cuprolinic blue staining was demonstrated by


glycosaminoglycan [SEP] specificity of the cuprolinic blue staining was demonstrated by glycosaminoglycan-degrading enzymes, showing that pretreatment of the sections wi

Glycosaminoglycans [SEP] Heteropolysaccharides which contain an N-acetylated hexosamine in a characteristic repeating disaccharide unit. The repeating st


diabetic [SEP] tinase ABC had no effect. The majority of anionic sites (74% in diabetic and 81% in control rats) were found within the lamina rara exte


Diabetic [SEP] <0.001 and p<0.01 for diabetic and control rats, respectively). Diabetic rats progressively developed albuminuria reaching 40.3 (32.2-62


albuminuria [SEP] trol rats, respectively). Diabetic rats progressively developed albuminuria reaching 40.3 (32.2-62.0) mg/24 h after 8 months in contrast to

Albuminuria [SEP] The presence of albumin in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES.


renal toxicity [SEP] Effect of some anticancer drugs and combined chemotherapy on renal toxicity.


nephrotoxic [SEP] The nephrotoxic action of anticancer drugs such as nitrogranulogen (NG), methot


nitrogranulogen [SEP] The nephrotoxic action of anticancer drugs such as nitrogranulogen (NG), methotrexate (MTX), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cyclophosph

Mechlorethamine [SEP] A vesicant and necrotizing irritant destructive to mucous membranes. It was formerly used as a war gas. The hydrochloride is use


NG [SEP] nephrotoxic action of anticancer drugs such as nitrogranulogen (NG), methotrexate (MTX), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cyclophosphamid


methotrexate [SEP] otoxic action of anticancer drugs such as nitrogranulogen (NG), methotrexate (MTX), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cyclophosphamide (CY) administ

Methotrexate [SEP] An antineoplastic antimetabolite with immunosuppressant properties. It is an inhibitor of TETRAHYDROFOLATE DEHYDROGENASE and pre


MTX [SEP] of anticancer drugs such as nitrogranulogen (NG), methotrexate (MTX), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cyclophosphamide (CY) administered


5-fluorouracil [SEP] icancer drugs such as nitrogranulogen (NG), methotrexate (MTX), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cyclophosphamide (CY) administered alone or in combi

Fluorouracil [SEP] A pyrimidine analog that is an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking the THYMIDYLATE SYNTH


5-FU [SEP] ch as nitrogranulogen (NG), methotrexate (MTX), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cyclophosphamide (CY) administered alone or in combination


cyclophosphamide [SEP] ogranulogen (NG), methotrexate (MTX), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cyclophosphamide (CY) administered alone or in combination [MTX + 5-FU + CY (CMF

Cyclophosphamide [SEP] Precursor of an alkylating nitrogen mustard antineoplastic and immunosuppressive agent that must be activated in the LIVER to fo


CY [SEP] methotrexate (MTX), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cyclophosphamide (CY) administered alone or in combination [MTX + 5-FU + CY (CMF)] w


creatinine [SEP] uated in experiments on Wistar rats. After drug administration, creatinine concentrations in the plasma and in the urine of the rats were

Creatinine [SEP]


hemorrhagic [SEP]  did not increase significantly compared to controls. CY caused hemorrhagic cystitis in 40% of rats, but it did not cause this complication

Hemorrhage [SEP] Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel.


cystitis [SEP] rease significantly compared to controls. CY caused hemorrhagic cystitis in 40% of rats, but it did not cause this complication when com

Cystitis [SEP] Inflammation of the URINARY BLADDER, either from bacterial or non-bacterial causes. Cystitis is usually associated with painful


nephrotoxicity [SEP] MTX + 5-FU + CY compared to controls. Our studies indicate that nephrotoxicity of MTX + 5-FU + CY administered jointly is lower than in monoth


Lithium [SEP] Lithium-associated cognitive and functional deficits reduced by a switc

Lithium [SEP] An element in the alkali metals family. It has the atomic symbol Li, atomic number 3, and atomic weight [6.938; 6.997]. Salts of


cognitive and functional deficits [SEP] Lithium-associated cognitive and functional deficits reduced by a switch to divalproex sodium: a case series.

Cognition Disorders [SEP] Disturbances in the mental process related to thinking, reasoning, and judgment.


divalproex sodium [SEP] ciated cognitive and functional deficits reduced by a switch to divalproex sodium: a case series.

Valproic Acid [SEP] A fatty acid with anticonvulsant properties used in the treatment of epilepsy. The mechanisms of its therapeutic actions are not


Lithium [SEP] BACKGROUND: Lithium remains a first-line treatment for the acute and maintenance tr


bipolar disorder [SEP] first-line treatment for the acute and maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder. Although much has been written about the management of the mor

Bipolar Disorder [SEP] A major affective disorder marked by severe mood swings (manic or major depressive episodes) and a tendency to remission and rec


lithium [SEP] tten about the management of the more common adverse effects of lithium, such as polyuria and tremor, more subtle lithium side effects


polyuria [SEP] nagement of the more common adverse effects of lithium, such as polyuria and tremor, more subtle lithium side effects such as cognitive

Polyuria [SEP] Urination of a large volume of urine with an increase in urinary frequency, commonly seen in diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS; DIABET


tremor [SEP] he more common adverse effects of lithium, such as polyuria and tremor, more subtle lithium side effects such as cognitive deficits, l

Tremor [SEP] Cyclical movement of a body part that can represent either a physiologic process or a manifestation of disease. Intention or act


cognitive deficits [SEP] s polyuria and tremor, more subtle lithium side effects such as cognitive deficits, loss of creativity, and functional impairments remain understu


loss of creativity [SEP] r, more subtle lithium side effects such as cognitive deficits, loss of creativity, and functional impairments remain understudied. This report su


functional impairments [SEP] ide effects such as cognitive deficits, loss of creativity, and functional impairments remain understudied. This report summarizes our experience in s


bipolar [SEP] first-line treatment for the acute and maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder. Although much has been written about the management o


divalproex sodium [SEP] es our experience in switching bipolar patients from lithium to divalproex sodium to alleviate such cognitive and functional impairments. METHOD:


cognitive and functional impairments [SEP] ar patients from lithium to divalproex sodium to alleviate such cognitive and functional impairments. METHOD: Open, case series design. RESULTS: We report seven cas


cognitive, motivational, or creative deficits [SEP] y, with divalproex sodium was extremely helpful in reducing the cognitive, motivational, or creative deficits attributed to lithium in our bipolar patients. CONCLUSION: In t


breast cancer [SEP] Treatment of previously treated metastatic breast cancer by mitoxantrone and 48-hour continuous infusion of high-dose 5-

Breast Neoplasms [SEP] Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.


mitoxantrone [SEP] Treatment of previously treated metastatic breast cancer by mitoxantrone and 48-hour continuous infusion of high-dose 5-FU and leucovori

Mitoxantrone [SEP] An anthracenedione-derived antineoplastic agent.


5-FU [SEP] er by mitoxantrone and 48-hour continuous infusion of high-dose 5-FU and leucovorin (MFL): low palliative benefit and high treatment


leucovorin [SEP] oxantrone and 48-hour continuous infusion of high-dose 5-FU and leucovorin (MFL): low palliative benefit and high treatment-related toxici

Leucovorin [SEP] The active metabolite of FOLIC ACID. Leucovorin is used principally as its calcium salt as an antidote to folic acid antagonists


MFL [SEP] d 48-hour continuous infusion of high-dose 5-FU and leucovorin (MFL): low palliative benefit and high treatment-related toxicity.

MFL combination [SEP]


toxicity [SEP] ovorin (MFL): low palliative benefit and high treatment-related toxicity.

Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions [SEP] Disorders that result from the intended use of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. Included in this heading are a broad variety of chem


breast cancer [SEP] For previously treated advanced breast cancer, there is no standard second-line therapy. Combination chemothe


mitoxantrone [SEP]  no standard second-line therapy. Combination chemotherapy with mitoxantrone, high-dose 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and leucovorin (MFL regimen) h


5-fluorouracil [SEP]  therapy. Combination chemotherapy with mitoxantrone, high-dose 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and leucovorin (MFL regimen) had been reported as an eff


5-FU [SEP] ation chemotherapy with mitoxantrone, high-dose 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and leucovorin (MFL regimen) had been reported as an effective


leucovorin [SEP] otherapy with mitoxantrone, high-dose 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and leucovorin (MFL regimen) had been reported as an effective and well tolera


MFL regimen [SEP] h mitoxantrone, high-dose 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and leucovorin (MFL regimen) had been reported as an effective and well tolerated regimen.

MFL combination [SEP]


anthracycline [SEP] ng metastasis predominant. Seven patients had been treated with anthracycline. Seven patients had previously received radiotherapy and seven

Anthracyclines [SEP] Organic compounds that have a tetrahydronaphthacenedione ring structure attached by a glycosidic linkage to the amino sugar daun


toxicities [SEP] lete responder had relapse-free survival up to 17 months. Major toxicities were cardiotoxicity and leukopenia. Eight patients were dead in


cardiotoxicity [SEP] ad relapse-free survival up to 17 months. Major toxicities were cardiotoxicity and leukopenia. Eight patients were dead in the last follow-up;

Cardiotoxicity [SEP] Damage to the heart or its function secondary to exposure to toxic substances such as drugs used in CHEMOTHERAPY; IMMUNOTHERAPY;


leukopenia [SEP] vival up to 17 months. Major toxicities were cardiotoxicity and leukopenia. Eight patients were dead in the last follow-up; two of them di

Leukopenia [SEP]


toxicity [SEP] apse-free survival up to 17 months. Major toxicities were cardiotoxicity and leukopenia. Eight patients were dead in the last follow-up;


impaired heart function [SEP] r patients who have been treated by chemotherapy and those with impaired heart function requires careful attention.

Heart Diseases [SEP] Pathological conditions involving the HEART including its structural and functional abnormalities.


vasopressin [SEP] Upregulation of the expression of vasopressin gene in the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei of the lithiu

Vasopressins [SEP] Antidiuretic hormones released by the NEUROHYPOPHYSIS of all vertebrates (structure varies with species) to regulate water balan


lithium [SEP] ressin gene in the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei of the lithium-induced diabetes insipidus rat.


diabetes insipidus [SEP] he paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei of the lithium-induced diabetes insipidus rat.

Diabetes Insipidus [SEP] A disease that is characterized by frequent urination, excretion of large amounts of dilute URINE, and excessive THIRST. Etiolog


arginine vasopressin [SEP] The expression of arginine vasopressin (AVP) gene in the paraventricular (PVN) and supraoptic nuclei (

Arginine Vasopressin [SEP] The predominant form of mammalian antidiuretic hormone. It is a nonapeptide containing an ARGININE at residue 8 and two disulfid


AVP [SEP] The expression of arginine vasopressin (AVP) gene in the paraventricular (PVN) and supraoptic nuclei (SON)


lithium [SEP] (PVN) and supraoptic nuclei (SON) was investigated in rats with lithium (Li)-induced polyuria, using in situ hybridization histochemist


Li [SEP]  supraoptic nuclei (SON) was investigated in rats with lithium (Li)-induced polyuria, using in situ hybridization histochemistry a


polyuria [SEP] nuclei (SON) was investigated in rats with lithium (Li)-induced polyuria, using in situ hybridization histochemistry and radioimmunoassa


LiCl [SEP] munoassay. The male Wistar rats consuming a diet that contained LiCl (60 mmol/kg) for 4 weeks developed marked polyuria. The Li-trea

Lithium Chloride [SEP] A salt of lithium that has been used experimentally as an immunomodulator.


sodium [SEP] volume of hypotonic urine with low ionic concentrations. Plasma sodium concentrations were found to be slightly increased in the Li-tr

Sodium [SEP] A member of the alkali group of metals. It has the atomic symbol Na, atomic number 11, and atomic weight 23.


dehydration [SEP] treated rats compared with controls. These results suggest that dehydration and/or the activation of visceral afferent inputs may contribut

Dehydration [SEP] The condition that results from excessive loss of water from a living organism.


diabetes insipidus [SEP] of AVP gene expression in the PVN and the SON of the Li-induced diabetes insipidus rat.


Suxamethonium [SEP] Suxamethonium-induced cardiac arrest and death following 5 days of immobiliza

Succinylcholine [SEP] A quaternary skeletal muscle relaxant usually used in the form of its bromide, chloride, or iodide. It is a depolarizing relaxan


cardiac arrest [SEP] Suxamethonium-induced cardiac arrest and death following 5 days of immobilization.

Heart Arrest [SEP] Cessation of heart beat or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. If it is treated within a few minutes, heart arrest can be reversed in most c


death [SEP] Suxamethonium-induced cardiac arrest and death following 5 days of immobilization.

Death [SEP] Irreversible cessation of all bodily functions, manifested by absence of spontaneous breathing and total loss of cardiovascular


cardiac arrest [SEP] The present report describes a case of cardiac arrest and subsequent death as a result of hyperkalaemia following the


death [SEP] resent report describes a case of cardiac arrest and subsequent death as a result of hyperkalaemia following the use of suxamethonium