Nephrolithiasis [SEP] nued treatment. Renal function remained normal in all patients. Nephrolithiasis is a complication of acetazolamide but does not preclude its us


scabies [SEP] Is the treatment of scabies hazardous?

Scabies [SEP] A contagious cutaneous inflammation caused by the bite of the mite SARCOPTES SCABIEI. It is characterized by pruritic papular er


scabies [SEP] Treatment for scabies is usually initiated by general practitioners; most consider li


lindane [SEP] es is usually initiated by general practitioners; most consider lindane (gamma benzene hexachloride) the treatment of choice. Lindane i

Lindane [SEP] An organochlorine insecticide that has been used as a pediculicide and a scabicide. It has been shown to cause cancer.


gamma benzene hexachloride [SEP] ally initiated by general practitioners; most consider lindane (gamma benzene hexachloride) the treatment of choice. Lindane is also widely used as an agr


Lindane [SEP] r lindane (gamma benzene hexachloride) the treatment of choice. Lindane is also widely used as an agricultural and industrial pesticide


toxic to the central nervous system [SEP] s well understood. Evidence is accumulating that lindane can be toxic to the central nervous system and may be associated with aplastic anaemia. Preparations conta

Central Nervous System Diseases [SEP] Diseases of any component of the brain (including the cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, brain stem, and cerebellum) or the spi


aplastic anaemia [SEP]  toxic to the central nervous system and may be associated with aplastic anaemia. Preparations containing lindane continue to be sold over the c

Anemia, Aplastic [SEP] A form of anemia in which the bone marrow fails to produce adequate numbers of peripheral blood elements.


toxicity [SEP]  at-risk groups, and give adequate warnings regarding potential toxicity.

Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions [SEP] Disorders that result from the intended use of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. Included in this heading are a broad variety of chem


masseter spasm [SEP] Anaesthetists' nightmare: masseter spasm after induction in an undiagnosed case of myotonia congenita.

Trismus [SEP] Spasmodic contraction of the masseter muscle resulting in forceful jaw closure. This may be seen with a variety of diseases, inc


myotonia congenita [SEP] tmare: masseter spasm after induction in an undiagnosed case of myotonia congenita.

Myotonia Congenita [SEP] Inherited myotonic disorders with early childhood onset MYOTONIA. Muscular hypertrophy is common and myotonia may impair ambulat


myotonia congenita [SEP] We report an undiagnosed case of myotonia congenita in a 24-year-old previously healthy primigravida, who developed


masseter spasm [SEP] previously healthy primigravida, who developed life threatening masseter spasm following a standard dose of intravenous suxamethonium for indu


suxamethonium [SEP] atening masseter spasm following a standard dose of intravenous suxamethonium for induction of anaesthesia. Neither the patient nor the anaes

Succinylcholine [SEP] A quaternary skeletal muscle relaxant usually used in the form of its bromide, chloride, or iodide. It is a depolarizing relaxan


Toxicity [SEP] Toxicity in rhesus monkeys following administration of the 8-aminoquinol


8-aminoquinoline [SEP] Toxicity in rhesus monkeys following administration of the 8-aminoquinoline 8-[(4-amino-l-methylbutyl)amino]- 5-(l-hexyloxy)-6-methoxy-4-me

8-aminoquinoline [SEP]


8-[(4-amino-l-methylbutyl)amino]- 5-(l-hexyloxy)-6-methoxy-4-methylquinoline [SEP] rhesus monkeys following administration of the 8-aminoquinoline 8-[(4-amino-l-methylbutyl)amino]- 5-(l-hexyloxy)-6-methoxy-4-methylquinoline (WR242511).

WR 242511 [SEP]


WR242511 [SEP] methylbutyl)amino]- 5-(l-hexyloxy)-6-methoxy-4-methylquinoline (WR242511).

WR 242511 [SEP]


toxicity [SEP]  that form methemoglobin (MHb) effectively counter cyanide (CN) toxicity. Although MHb formers are generally applied as treatments for C


poisoning [SEP] Although MHb formers are generally applied as treatments for CN poisoning, it has been proposed that a stable, long-acting MHb former cou

Poisoning [SEP] A condition or physical state produced by the ingestion, injection, inhalation of or exposure to a deleterious agent.


8-aminoquinoline [SEP] mer could serve as a CN pretreatment. Using this rationale, the 8-aminoquinoline WR242511, a potent long-lasting MHb former in rodents and beagl

8-aminoquinoline [SEP]


WR242511 [SEP] s a CN pretreatment. Using this rationale, the 8-aminoquinoline WR242511, a potent long-lasting MHb former in rodents and beagle dogs, w

WR 242511 [SEP]


methemoglobinemia [SEP] LTS: The selected doses of WR242511, which produced significant methemoglobinemia in beagle dogs in earlier studies conducted elsewhere, produced

Methemoglobinemia [SEP] The presence of methemoglobin in the blood, resulting in cyanosis. A small amount of methemoglobin is present in the blood norma


hemoglobinuria [SEP]  MHb (mean < 2.0%) in the rhesus monkey. Furthermore, transient hemoglobinuria was noted approximately 60 minutes postinjection of WR242511 (3

Hemoglobinuria [SEP] The presence of free HEMOGLOBIN in the URINE, indicating hemolysis of ERYTHROCYTES within the vascular system. After saturating


Myoglobinuria [SEP] ties occurred (one IV and one PO) following the 7.0 mg/kg dose. Myoglobinuria was also observed following the 7.0 mg/kg dose. Histopathology

Myoglobinuria [SEP]


kidney toxicity [SEP] athology analyses in the 2 animals that died revealed liver and kidney toxicity, with greater severity in the orally-treated animal. CONCLUSION

Kidney Diseases [SEP] Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues.


hearing loss [SEP] sticity of the adult primate auditory cortex following cochlear hearing loss.

Hearing Loss [SEP] A general term for the complete or partial loss of the ability to hear from one or both ears.


hearing loss [SEP] changes occur in this tonotopic organization following cochlear hearing loss. Under anesthesia, the superior temporal gyrus of adult macaque


kanamycin [SEP] he monkeys were selectively deafened for high frequencies using kanamycin and furosemide. The actual frequencies deafened were determined

Kanamycin [SEP] Antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces kanamyceticus from Japanese soil. Comprises 3 components: kanamycin A, the major com


furosemide [SEP] e selectively deafened for high frequencies using kanamycin and furosemide. The actual frequencies deafened were determined by the loss of

Furosemide [SEP] A benzoic-sulfonamide-furan. It is a diuretic with fast onset and short duration that is used for EDEMA and chronic RENAL INSUFF


sumatriptan [SEP] The site of common side effects of sumatriptan.

Sumatriptan [SEP] A serotonin agonist that acts selectively at 5HT1 receptors. It is used in the treatment of MIGRAINE DISORDERS.


Atypical sensations [SEP] Atypical sensations following the use of subcutaneous sumatriptan are common, but o

Paresthesia [SEP] Subjective cutaneous sensations (e.g., cold, warmth, tingling, pressure, etc.) that are experienced spontaneously in the absence


sumatriptan [SEP] Atypical sensations following the use of subcutaneous sumatriptan are common, but of uncertain origin. They are almost always ben


tingling or burning sensations [SEP] s adverse event by the patient. Two patients are presented with tingling or burning sensations limited to areas of heat exposure or sunburn. In these individu


sunburn [SEP] ling or burning sensations limited to areas of heat exposure or sunburn. In these individuals, side effects are most likely generated s

Sunburn [SEP] An injury to the skin causing erythema, tenderness, and sometimes blistering and resulting from excessive exposure to the sun. T


Tremor [SEP] Tremor side effects of salbutamol, quantified by a laser pointer techn

Tremor [SEP] Cyclical movement of a body part that can represent either a physiologic process or a manifestation of disease. Intention or act


salbutamol [SEP] Tremor side effects of salbutamol, quantified by a laser pointer technique.

Albuterol [SEP] A short-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist that is primarily used as a bronchodilator agent to treat ASTHMA. Albuterol is prepared


tremor [SEP] OBJECTIVE: To study tremor side effects of salbutamol an easily applicable, quick and low-


salbutamol [SEP] OBJECTIVE: To study tremor side effects of salbutamol an easily applicable, quick and low-priced method is needed. A


Tremor [SEP] ference values and the agreement with a questionnaire. METHODS: Tremor was measured using a laser pointer technique. To determine sens


obstructive lung disease [SEP] To determine sensitivity we assessed tremor in 44 patients with obstructive lung disease after administration of cumulative doses of salbutamol. Subject

Lung Diseases, Obstructive [SEP] Any disorder marked by obstruction of conducting airways of the lung. AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION may be acute, chronic, intermittent, or


Salbutamol [SEP]  measured simultaneously by two independent observers. RESULTS: Salbutamol significantly increased tremor severity in patients in a dose-d


venous thromboembolism [SEP] Increased frequency of venous thromboembolism with the combination of docetaxel and thalidomide in patients w

Venous Thromboembolism [SEP] Obstruction of a vein or VEINS (embolism) by a blood clot (THROMBUS) in the blood stream.


docetaxel [SEP] sed frequency of venous thromboembolism with the combination of docetaxel and thalidomide in patients with metastatic androgen-independen

docetaxel [SEP]


thalidomide [SEP] of venous thromboembolism with the combination of docetaxel and thalidomide in patients with metastatic androgen-independent prostate cance

Thalidomide [SEP] A piperidinyl isoindole originally introduced as a non-barbiturate hypnotic, but withdrawn from the market due to teratogenic ef


prostate cancer [SEP] nd thalidomide in patients with metastatic androgen-independent prostate cancer.

Prostatic Neoplasms [SEP] Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE.


venous thromboembolism [SEP] STUDY OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the frequency of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with advanced androgen-independent prostate c


VTE [SEP] OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the frequency of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with advanced androgen-independent prostate cancer


prostate cancer [SEP] boembolism (VTE) in patients with advanced androgen-independent prostate cancer who were treated with docetaxel alone or in combination with th


docetaxel [SEP] nced androgen-independent prostate cancer who were treated with docetaxel alone or in combination with thalidomide. DESIGN: Retrospective

docetaxel [SEP]


thalidomide [SEP] er who were treated with docetaxel alone or in combination with thalidomide. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of a randomized phase II trial.


toxicity [SEP] 4-week cycle was repeated until there was evidence of excessive toxicity or disease progression. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: None of

Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions [SEP] Disorders that result from the intended use of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. Included in this heading are a broad variety of chem


quaternary ammonium [SEP] Sublingual absorption of the quaternary ammonium antiarrhythmic agent, UM-272.

Quaternary Ammonium Compounds [SEP] Derivatives of ammonium compounds, NH4+ Y-, in which all four of the hydrogens bonded to nitrogen have been replaced with hydroc


UM-272 [SEP] ual absorption of the quaternary ammonium antiarrhythmic agent, UM-272.

pranolium [SEP]


UM-272 [SEP] UM-272 (N,N-dimethylpropranolol), a quaternary antiarrhythmic agent, w

pranolium [SEP]


N,N-dimethylpropranolol [SEP] UM-272 (N,N-dimethylpropranolol), a quaternary antiarrhythmic agent, was administered sublingua

pranolium [SEP]


ouabain [SEP] ntiarrhythmic agent, was administered sublingually to dogs with ouabain-induced ventricular tachycardias. Both anti-arrhythmic efficacy

Ouabain [SEP] A cardioactive glycoside consisting of rhamnose and ouabagenin, obtained from the seeds of Strophanthus gratus and other plants


ventricular tachycardias [SEP] ent, was administered sublingually to dogs with ouabain-induced ventricular tachycardias. Both anti-arrhythmic efficacy and bioavailability were compare

Tachycardia, Ventricular [SEP] An abnormally rapid ventricular rhythm usually in excess of 150 beats per minute. It is generated within the ventricle below the


ventricular tachycardia [SEP] ent, was administered sublingually to dogs with ouabain-induced ventricular tachycardias. Both anti-arrhythmic efficacy and bioavailability were compar


thrombocytopenia [SEP] Severe thrombocytopenia and haemolytic anaemia associated with ciprofloxacin: a case re

Thrombocytopenia [SEP] A subnormal level of BLOOD PLATELETS.


haemolytic anaemia [SEP] Severe thrombocytopenia and haemolytic anaemia associated with ciprofloxacin: a case report with fatal outcome

Anemia, Hemolytic [SEP] A condition of inadequate circulating red blood cells (ANEMIA) or insufficient HEMOGLOBIN due to premature destruction of red bl


ciprofloxacin [SEP] Severe thrombocytopenia and haemolytic anaemia associated with ciprofloxacin: a case report with fatal outcome.

Ciprofloxacin [SEP] A broad-spectrum antimicrobial carboxyfluoroquinoline.


ciprofloxacin [SEP] ns associated with fatal outcome are rare during treatment with ciprofloxacin. A 30-year old Caucasian man reported with abdominal pain and j


abdominal pain [SEP] t with ciprofloxacin. A 30-year old Caucasian man reported with abdominal pain and jaundice after 3-day administration of oral ciprofloxacin f

Abdominal Pain [SEP] Sensation of discomfort, distress, or agony in the abdominal region; generally associated with functional disorders, tissue inju


jaundice [SEP] n. A 30-year old Caucasian man reported with abdominal pain and jaundice after 3-day administration of oral ciprofloxacin for a suspect

Jaundice [SEP] A clinical manifestation of HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA, characterized by the yellowish staining of the SKIN; MUCOUS MEMBRANE; and SCLERA


urinary tract infection [SEP] ter 3-day administration of oral ciprofloxacin for a suspect of urinary tract infection. Clinical evaluations suggested an initial diagnosis of severe

Urinary Tract Infections [SEP] Inflammatory responses of the epithelium of the URINARY TRACT to microbial invasions. They are often bacterial infections with a


thrombocytopenia [SEP] . Clinical evaluations suggested an initial diagnosis of severe thrombocytopenia and haemolysis. The patient progressively developed petechiae a


haemolysis [SEP] s suggested an initial diagnosis of severe thrombocytopenia and haemolysis. The patient progressively developed petechiae and purpura on t

Hemolysis [SEP] The destruction of ERYTHROCYTES by many different causal agents such as antibodies, bacteria, chemicals, temperature, and change


petechiae [SEP] bocytopenia and haemolysis. The patient progressively developed petechiae and purpura on thorax and lower limbs. Despite pharmacological

Purpura [SEP] Purplish or brownish red discoloration, easily visible through the epidermis, caused by hemorrhage into the tissues. When the si


purpura [SEP] d haemolysis. The patient progressively developed petechiae and purpura on thorax and lower limbs. Despite pharmacological and supporti


haemorrhages [SEP] An accurate autopsy revealed most organs with diffuse petechial haemorrhages. No signs of bone marrow depression were found. No thrombi or s

Hemorrhage [SEP] Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel.


bone marrow depression [SEP] ed most organs with diffuse petechial haemorrhages. No signs of bone marrow depression were found. No thrombi or signs of microangiopathies were obser

Bone Marrow Diseases [SEP]


thrombi [SEP] haemorrhages. No signs of bone marrow depression were found. No thrombi or signs of microangiopathies were observed in arterial vessels

Thrombosis [SEP] Formation and development of a thrombus or blood clot in the blood vessel.


microangiopathies [SEP] ns of bone marrow depression were found. No thrombi or signs of microangiopathies were observed in arterial vessels. Blood and urine cultures did

Vascular Diseases [SEP] Pathological processes involving any of the BLOOD VESSELS in the cardiac or peripheral circulation. They include diseases of ART


haemolytic anaemia [SEP] ofloxacin may precipitate life-threatening thrombocytopenia and haemolytic anaemia, even in the early phases of treatment and without apparent pre


Simvastatin [SEP] Simvastatin-induced bilateral leg compartment syndrome and myonecrosis asso

Simvastatin [SEP] A derivative of LOVASTATIN and potent competitive inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLU


compartment syndrome [SEP] Simvastatin-induced bilateral leg compartment syndrome and myonecrosis associated with hypothyroidism.

Compartment Syndromes [SEP] Conditions in which increased pressure within a limited space compromises the BLOOD CIRCULATION and function of tissue within th


myonecrosis [SEP] Simvastatin-induced bilateral leg compartment syndrome and myonecrosis associated with hypothyroidism.

Muscular Diseases [SEP] Acquired, familial, and congenital disorders of SKELETAL MUSCLE and SMOOTH MUSCLE.


hypothyroidism [SEP] ateral leg compartment syndrome and myonecrosis associated with hypothyroidism.

Hypothyroidism [SEP] A syndrome that results from abnormally low secretion of THYROID HORMONES from the THYROID GLAND, leading to a decrease in BASAL


hypothyroid [SEP] A 54-year-old hypothyroid male taking thyroxine and simvastatin presented with bilateral


thyroxine [SEP] A 54-year-old hypothyroid male taking thyroxine and simvastatin presented with bilateral leg compartment syndro

Thyroxine [SEP] The major hormone derived from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is synthesized via the iodination of tyrosines (MONOIODOTYROSINE) an


simvastatin [SEP] A 54-year-old hypothyroid male taking thyroxine and simvastatin presented with bilateral leg compartment syndrome and myonecros


compartment syndrome [SEP] e taking thyroxine and simvastatin presented with bilateral leg compartment syndrome and myonecrosis. Urgent fasciotomies were performed and the pat


myonecrosis [SEP] mvastatin presented with bilateral leg compartment syndrome and myonecrosis. Urgent fasciotomies were performed and the patient made an une


arteriopathic [SEP] e increased worldwide use of this drug and its approval for all arteriopathic patients.


Bile duct hamartoma [SEP] Bile duct hamartoma occurring in association with long-term treatment with danazol.

Bile Duct Neoplasms [SEP] Tumors or cancer of the BILE DUCTS.


hamartoma [SEP] Bile duct hamartoma occurring in association with long-term treatment with danazol.

Hamartoma [SEP] A focal malformation resembling a neoplasm, composed of an overgrowth of mature cells and tissues that normally occur in the aff


danazol [SEP] amartoma occurring in association with long-term treatment with danazol.

Danazol [SEP] A synthetic steroid with antigonadotropic and anti-estrogenic activities that acts as an anterior pituitary suppressant by inhib


bile duct hamartoma [SEP] We report a case of bile duct hamartoma which developed in a patient who had been on long-term danazol


hamartoma [SEP] We report a case of bile duct hamartoma which developed in a patient who had been on long-term danazol


danazol [SEP] amartoma which developed in a patient who had been on long-term danazol treatment. Such patients should be under close follow-up, prefe


liver mass [SEP]  ultrasound examination of the liver. If the patient develops a liver mass, because of non-specific clinical features and imaging appearan

Liver Diseases [SEP] Pathological processes of the LIVER.


Granulomatous [SEP] Granulomatous hepatitis due to combination of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid

Granuloma [SEP] A relatively small nodular inflammatory lesion containing grouped mononuclear phagocytes, caused by infectious and noninfectious


hepatitis [SEP] Granulomatous hepatitis due to combination of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid.

Drug-Induced Liver Injury [SEP] A spectrum of clinical liver diseases ranging from mild biochemical abnormalities to ACUTE LIVER FAILURE, caused by drugs, drug


combination of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid [SEP] Granulomatous hepatitis due to combination of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid.

Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination [SEP] A fixed-ratio combination of amoxicillin trihydrate and potassium clavulanate.


amoxicillin-clavulanic acid [SEP] We report the case of a patient with amoxicillin-clavulanic acid-induced hepatitis with histologic multiple granulomas. This typ


hepatitis [SEP]  the case of a patient with amoxicillin-clavulanic acid-induced hepatitis with histologic multiple granulomas. This type of lesion broade


granulomas [SEP] llin-clavulanic acid-induced hepatitis with histologic multiple granulomas. This type of lesion broadens the spectrum of liver injury due


liver injury [SEP] ltiple granulomas. This type of lesion broadens the spectrum of liver injury due to this drug combination, mainly represented by a benign ch


cholestatic syndrome [SEP] ry due to this drug combination, mainly represented by a benign cholestatic syndrome. The association of granulomas and eosinophilia favor an immuno

Cholestasis [SEP] Impairment of bile flow due to obstruction in small bile ducts (INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS) or obstruction in large bile ducts (EX


eosinophilia [SEP]  benign cholestatic syndrome. The association of granulomas and eosinophilia favor an immunoallergic mechanism. As penicillin derivatives an

Eosinophilia [SEP] Abnormal increase of EOSINOPHILS in the blood, tissues or organs.


penicillin [SEP] anulomas and eosinophilia favor an immunoallergic mechanism. As penicillin derivatives and amoxicillin alone are known to induce such type

Penicillins [SEP] A group of antibiotics that contain 6-aminopenicillanic acid with a side chain attached to the 6-amino group. The penicillin nuc


amoxicillin [SEP] We report the case of a patient with amoxicillin-clavulanic acid-induced hepatitis with histologic multiple gran

Amoxicillin [SEP] A broad-spectrum semisynthetic antibiotic similar to AMPICILLIN except that its resistance to gastric acid permits higher serum


clavulanic acid [SEP] We report the case of a patient with amoxicillin-clavulanic acid-induced hepatitis with histologic multiple granulomas. This typ

Clavulanic Acid [SEP] Clavulanic acid and its salts and esters. The acid is a suicide inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamase enzymes from Streptomyces


Intracranial aneurysms [SEP] Intracranial aneurysms and cocaine abuse: analysis of prognostic indicators.

Intracranial Aneurysm [SEP] Abnormal outpouching in the wall of intracranial blood vessels. Most common are the saccular (berry) aneurysms located at branch


cocaine abuse [SEP] Intracranial aneurysms and cocaine abuse: analysis of prognostic indicators.

Cocaine-Related Disorders [SEP] Disorders related or resulting from use of cocaine.


subarachnoid hemorrhage [SEP] OBJECTIVE: The outcome of subarachnoid hemorrhage associated with cocaine abuse is reportedly poor. However, no s

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage [SEP] Bleeding into the intracranial or spinal SUBARACHNOID SPACE, most resulting from INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSM rupture. It can occur aft


cocaine abuse [SEP] JECTIVE: The outcome of subarachnoid hemorrhage associated with cocaine abuse is reportedly poor. However, no study in the literature has rep


cocaine [SEP] JECTIVE: The outcome of subarachnoid hemorrhage associated with cocaine abuse is reportedly poor. However, no study in the literature h

Cocaine [SEP] An alkaloid ester extracted from the leaves of plants including coca. It is a local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor and is clinic


aneurysms [SEP] uring a 6-year period revealed 14 patients with cocaine-related aneurysms. This group was compared with a control group of 135 patients w

Aneurysm [SEP] Pathological outpouching or sac-like dilatation in the wall of any blood vessel (ARTERIES or VEINS) or the heart (HEART ANEURYSM


ruptured aneurysms [SEP] is group was compared with a control group of 135 patients with ruptured aneurysms and no history of cocaine abuse. Age at presentation, time of i

Aneurysm, Ruptured [SEP] The tearing or bursting of the weakened wall of the aneurysmal sac, usually heralded by sudden worsening pain. The great danger


aneurysm [SEP] uring a 6-year period revealed 14 patients with cocaine-related aneurysms. This group was compared with a control group of 135 patients


Cocaine [SEP] me for the patients with cocaine-related aneurysms. CONCLUSION: Cocaine use predisposed aneurysmal rupture at a significantly earlier a


aneurysmal rupture [SEP]  cocaine-related aneurysms. CONCLUSION: Cocaine use predisposed aneurysmal rupture at a significantly earlier age and in much smaller aneurysms. C


epileptic [SEP] Anti-epileptic drugs-induced de novo absence seizures.

Epilepsy [SEP] A disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of paroxysmal brain dysfunction due to a sudden, disorderly, and excessive neuron


absence seizures [SEP] Anti-epileptic drugs-induced de novo absence seizures.

Epilepsy, Absence [SEP] A childhood seizure disorder characterized by rhythmic electrical brain discharges of generalized onset. Clinical features inclu


absence epilepsy [SEP] The authors present three patients with de novo absence epilepsy after administration of carbamazepine and vigabatrin. Despite t


carbamazepine [SEP]  patients with de novo absence epilepsy after administration of carbamazepine and vigabatrin. Despite the underlying diseases, the prognosis

Carbamazepine [SEP] An anticonvulsant used to control grand mal and psychomotor or focal seizures. Its mode of action is not fully understood, but s


vigabatrin [SEP] novo absence epilepsy after administration of carbamazepine and vigabatrin. Despite the underlying diseases, the prognosis for drug-induce

Vigabatrin [SEP] An analogue of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID. It is an irreversible inhibitor of 4-AMINOBUTYRATE TRANSAMINASE, the enzyme responsible


absence seizure [SEP] the underlying diseases, the prognosis for drug-induced de novo absence seizure is good because it subsides rapidly after discontinuing the use


gamma-aminobutyric acid [SEP] rapidly after discontinuing the use of the offending drugs. The gamma-aminobutyric acid-transmitted thalamocortical circuitry accounts for a major part

gamma-Aminobutyric Acid [SEP] The most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.


seizure [SEP] rlying diseases, the prognosis for drug-induced de novo absence seizure is good because it subsides rapidly after discontinuing the use

Seizures [SEP] Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of br


epilepsy [SEP] The authors present three patients with de novo absence epilepsy after administration of carbamazepine and vigabatrin. Despite t


absence seizures [SEP] iconvulsants in children with epilepsy and prevent drug-induced absence seizures.


Procainamide [SEP] Procainamide-induced polymorphous ventricular tachycardia.

Procainamide [SEP] A class Ia antiarrhythmic drug that is structurally-related to PROCAINE.


ventricular tachycardia [SEP] Procainamide-induced polymorphous ventricular tachycardia.

Tachycardia, Ventricular [SEP] An abnormally rapid ventricular rhythm usually in excess of 150 beats per minute. It is generated within the ventricle below the


procainamide [SEP] Seven cases of procainamide-induced polymorphous ventricular tachycardia are presented. In


ventricular tachycardia [SEP] Seven cases of procainamide-induced polymorphous ventricular tachycardia are presented. In four patients, polymorphous ventricular tachy


premature ventricular contractions [SEP] , procainamide was administered orally for treatment of chronic premature ventricular contractions or atrial flutter. These patients had Q-T prolongation and recu

Ventricular Premature Complexes [SEP] A type of cardiac arrhythmia with premature contractions of the HEART VENTRICLES. It is characterized by the premature QRS compl


atrial flutter [SEP]  for treatment of chronic premature ventricular contractions or atrial flutter. These patients had Q-T prolongation and recurrent syncope due

Atrial Flutter [SEP] Rapid, irregular atrial contractions caused by a block of electrical impulse conduction in the right atrium and a reentrant wave


Q-T prolongation [SEP]  ventricular contractions or atrial flutter. These patients had Q-T prolongation and recurrent syncope due to polymorphous ventricular tachycard

Long QT Syndrome [SEP] A condition that is characterized by episodes of fainting (SYNCOPE) and varying degree of ventricular arrhythmia as indicated by


syncope [SEP] rial flutter. These patients had Q-T prolongation and recurrent syncope due to polymorphous ventricular tachycardia. In four patients,

Syncope [SEP] A transient loss of consciousness and postural tone caused by diminished blood flow to the brain (i.e., BRAIN ISCHEMIA). Presync


arrhythmia [SEP]  to polymorphous ventricular tachycardia. In four patients, the arrhythmia was rapidly diagnosed and treated with disappearance of further

Arrhythmias, Cardiac [SEP] Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be classified by


ventricular fibrillation [SEP] . In two patients, the arrhythmia degenerated into irreversible ventricular fibrillation and both patients died. In the seventh patient, a permanent ven

Ventricular Fibrillation [SEP] A potentially lethal cardiac arrhythmia that is characterized by uncoordinated extremely rapid firing of electrical impulses (40


prolonged Q-T syndrome [SEP] ven cases demonstrate that procainamide can produce an acquired prolonged Q-T syndrome with polymorphous ventricular tachycardia.


bradykinin [SEP] Role of activation of bradykinin B2 receptors in disruption of the blood-brain barrier during ac

Bradykinin [SEP] A nonapeptide messenger that is enzymatically produced from KALLIDIN in the blood where it is a potent but short-lived agent of


hypertension [SEP] receptors in disruption of the blood-brain barrier during acute hypertension.

Hypertension [SEP] Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is c


hypertension [SEP] ich account for disruption the blood-brain barrier during acute hypertension are not clear. The goal of this study was to determine the role


bradykinin [SEP] of this study was to determine the role of synthesis/release of bradykinin to activate B2 receptors in disruption of the blood-brain barri


dextran [SEP] ain barrier was quantitated by clearance of fluorescent-labeled dextran before and during phenylephrine-induced acute hypertension in r

Dextrans [SEP] A group of glucose polymers made by certain bacteria. Dextrans are used therapeutically as plasma volume expanders and anticoagu


phenylephrine [SEP] d by clearance of fluorescent-labeled dextran before and during phenylephrine-induced acute hypertension in rats treated with vehicle and Hoe

Phenylephrine [SEP] An alpha-1 adrenergic agonist used as a mydriatic, nasal decongestant, and cardiotonic agent.


Hoe-140 [SEP] ine-induced acute hypertension in rats treated with vehicle and Hoe-140 (0.1 microM). Phenylephrine infusion increased arterial pressur

icatibant [SEP]


Phenylephrine [SEP] rtension in rats treated with vehicle and Hoe-140 (0.1 microM). Phenylephrine infusion increased arterial pressure, arteriolar diameter and c


5-azacytidine [SEP] 5-azacytidine potentiates initiation induced by carcinogens in rat liver.

Azacitidine [SEP] A pyrimidine analogue that inhibits DNA methyltransferase, impairing DNA methylation. It is also an antimetabolite of cytidine,


initiation induced by carcinogens [SEP] 5-azacytidine potentiates initiation induced by carcinogens in rat liver.

Precancerous Conditions [SEP] Pathological processes that tend eventually to become malignant. (From Dorland, 27th ed)


initiation of carcinogenic process [SEP] esis that hypomethylation of DNA plays an important role in the initiation of carcinogenic process, 5-azacytidine (5-AzC) (10 mg/kg), an inhibitor of DNA methylat


5-azacytidine [SEP] ys an important role in the initiation of carcinogenic process, 5-azacytidine (5-AzC) (10 mg/kg), an inhibitor of DNA methylation, was given


5-AzC [SEP]  role in the initiation of carcinogenic process, 5-azacytidine (5-AzC) (10 mg/kg), an inhibitor of DNA methylation, was given to rats


benzo[a]-pyrene [SEP] the phase of repair synthesis induced by the three carcinogens, benzo[a]-pyrene (200 mg/kg), N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (60 mg/kg) and 1,2-dimethyl

Benzo(a)pyrene [SEP] A potent mutagen and carcinogen. It is a public health concern because of its possible effects on industrial workers, as an envi


N-methyl-N-nitrosourea [SEP]  induced by the three carcinogens, benzo[a]-pyrene (200 mg/kg), N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (60 mg/kg) and 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (1,2-DMH) (100 mg/kg). The

Methylnitrosourea [SEP] A nitrosourea compound with alkylating, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties.


1,2-dimethylhydrazine [SEP] zo[a]-pyrene (200 mg/kg), N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (60 mg/kg) and 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (1,2-DMH) (100 mg/kg). The initiated hepatocytes in the liver w

1,2-Dimethylhydrazine [SEP] A DNA alkylating agent that has been shown to be a potent carcinogen and is widely used to induce colon tumors in experimental a


1,2-DMH [SEP] ), N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (60 mg/kg) and 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (1,2-DMH) (100 mg/kg). The initiated hepatocytes in the liver were assay


2-acetylaminofluorene [SEP] ollowing a 2-week selection regimen consisting of dietary 0.02% 2-acetylaminofluorene coupled with a necrogenic dose of CCl4. The results obtained in

2-Acetylaminofluorene [SEP] A hepatic carcinogen whose mechanism of activation involves N-hydroxylation to the aryl hydroxamic acid followed by enzymatic su


CCl4 [SEP] y 0.02% 2-acetylaminofluorene coupled with a necrogenic dose of CCl4. The results obtained indicate that with all three carcinogens,

Carbon Tetrachloride [SEP] A solvent for oils, fats, lacquers, varnishes, rubber waxes, and resins, and a starting material in the manufacturing of organic


[3H]-5-azadeoxycytidine [SEP] oci/cm2 in rats treated with carcinogen only. Administration of [3H]-5-azadeoxycytidine during the repair synthesis induced by 1,2-DMH further showed t

decitabine [SEP]


cytosine [SEP] synthesis induced by 1,2-DMH further showed that 0.019 mol % of cytosine residues in DNA were substituted by the analogue, indicating th

Cytosine [SEP] A pyrimidine base that is a fundamental unit of nucleic acids.


emergent rabbit syndrome [SEP] Withdrawal-emergent rabbit syndrome during dose reduction of risperidone.

Basal Ganglia Diseases [SEP] Diseases of the BASAL GANGLIA including the PUTAMEN; GLOBUS PALLIDUS; claustrum; AMYGDALA; and CAUDATE NUCLEUS. DYSKINESIAS (mos


risperidone [SEP] Withdrawal-emergent rabbit syndrome during dose reduction of risperidone.

Risperidone [SEP] A selective blocker of DOPAMINE D2 RECEPTORS and SEROTONIN 5-HT2 RECEPTORS that acts as an atypical antipsychotic agent. It has


Rabbit syndrome [SEP] Rabbit syndrome (RS) is a rare extrapyramidal side effect caused by prolonged n


RS [SEP] Rabbit syndrome (RS) is a rare extrapyramidal side effect caused by prolonged neuro


emergent RS [SEP] ed neuroleptic medication. Here we present a case of withdrawal-emergent RS, which is the first of its kind to be reported. The patient dev


risperidone [SEP]  be reported. The patient developed RS during dose reduction of risperidone. The symptom was treated successfully with trihexyphenidyl anti


trihexyphenidyl [SEP] ction of risperidone. The symptom was treated successfully with trihexyphenidyl anticholinergic therapy. The underlying mechanism of withdrawal

Trihexyphenidyl [SEP] One of the centrally acting MUSCARINIC ANTAGONISTS used for treatment of PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS and drug-induced extrapyramidal


serotonin [SEP] e been related to the pharmacological profile of risperidone, a serotonin-dopamine antagonist, suggesting the pathophysiologic influence

Serotonin [SEP] A biochemical messenger and regulator, synthesized from the essential amino acid L-TRYPTOPHAN. In humans it is found primarily i


dopamine [SEP] ated to the pharmacological profile of risperidone, a serotonin-dopamine antagonist, suggesting the pathophysiologic influence of the se

Dopamine [SEP] One of the catecholamine NEUROTRANSMITTERS in the brain. It is derived from TYROSINE and is the precursor to NOREPINEPHRINE and


Verapamil [SEP] Verapamil withdrawal as a possible cause of myocardial infarction in a hy

Verapamil [SEP] A calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent.


myocardial infarction [SEP] Verapamil withdrawal as a possible cause of myocardial infarction in a hypertensive woman with a normal coronary angiogram.

Myocardial Infarction [SEP] NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).


hypertensive [SEP] il withdrawal as a possible cause of myocardial infarction in a hypertensive woman with a normal coronary angiogram.

Hypertension [SEP] Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is c


Verapamil [SEP] Verapamil is an effective and relatively-safe antihypertensive drug. Seri


depression [SEP] dverse effects are uncommon and mainly have been related to the depression of cardiac contractility and conduction, especially when the dr

Depressive Disorder [SEP] An affective disorder manifested by either a dysphoric mood or loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities. The mood distur


myocardial infarction [SEP] s combined with beta-blocking agents. We report a case in which myocardial infarction coincided with the introduction of captopril and the withdrawal


captopril [SEP]  which myocardial infarction coincided with the introduction of captopril and the withdrawal of verapamil in a previously asymptomatic wo

Captopril [SEP] A potent and specific inhibitor of PEPTIDYL-DIPEPTIDASE A. It blocks the conversion of ANGIOTENSIN I to ANGIOTENSIN II, a vasoco


verapamil [SEP] ncided with the introduction of captopril and the withdrawal of verapamil in a previously asymptomatic woman with severe hypertension. Po


hypertension [SEP] wal of verapamil in a previously asymptomatic woman with severe hypertension. Possible mechanisms that involve a verapamil-related increase


catecholamines [SEP] in platelet and/or vascular alpha 2-adrenoreceptor affinity for catecholamines are discussed.

Catecholamines [SEP] A general class of ortho-dihydroxyphenylalkylamines derived from tyrosine.


meningeal leukemia [SEP] Remission induction of meningeal leukemia with high-dose intravenous methotrexate.

Meningeal Neoplasms [SEP] Benign and malignant neoplastic processes that arise from or secondarily involve the meningeal coverings of the brain and spinal


methotrexate [SEP] sion induction of meningeal leukemia with high-dose intravenous methotrexate.

Methotrexate [SEP] An antineoplastic antimetabolite with immunosuppressant properties. It is an inhibitor of TETRAHYDROFOLATE DEHYDROGENASE and pre


acute lymphoblastic leukemia [SEP] Twenty children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who developed meningeal disease were treated with a high-dose i

Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma [SEP] A neoplasm characterized by abnormalities of the lymphoid cell precursors leading to excessive lymphoblasts in the marrow and ot


meningeal disease [SEP] Twenty children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who developed meningeal disease were treated with a high-dose intravenous methotrexate regimen

Central Nervous System Diseases [SEP] Diseases of any component of the brain (including the cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, brain stem, and cerebellum) or the spi


methotrexate [SEP] ped meningeal disease were treated with a high-dose intravenous methotrexate regimen that was designed to achieve and maintain CSF methotrex


Leucovorin [SEP] one hour followed by an infusion of 1,200 mg/m2/h for 23 hours. Leucovorin rescue was initiated 12 hours after the end of the infusion wit

Leucovorin [SEP] The active metabolite of FOLIC ACID. Leucovorin is used principally as its calcium salt as an antidote to folic acid antagonists


toxicities [SEP] emission, and 20% obtained a partial remission. The most common toxicities encountered were transient serum transaminase and bilirubin ele

Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions [SEP] Disorders that result from the intended use of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. Included in this heading are a broad variety of chem


bilirubin [SEP] on toxicities encountered were transient serum transaminase and bilirubin elevations, neutropenia, and mucositis. One patient had focal s

Bilirubin [SEP] A bile pigment that is a degradation product of HEME.


neutropenia [SEP] red were transient serum transaminase and bilirubin elevations, neutropenia, and mucositis. One patient had focal seizures and transient he

Neutropenia [SEP] A decrease in the number of NEUTROPHILS found in the blood.


mucositis [SEP] t serum transaminase and bilirubin elevations, neutropenia, and mucositis. One patient had focal seizures and transient hemiparesis but r

Mucositis [SEP] An INFLAMMATION of the MUCOSA with burning or tingling sensation. It is characterized by atrophy of the squamous EPITHELIUM, vas


seizures [SEP] n elevations, neutropenia, and mucositis. One patient had focal seizures and transient hemiparesis but recovered completely. High-dose i

Seizures [SEP] Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of br


transient hemiparesis [SEP]  neutropenia, and mucositis. One patient had focal seizures and transient hemiparesis but recovered completely. High-dose intravenous methotrexate is

Paresis [SEP] A general term referring to a mild to moderate degree of muscular weakness, occasionally used as a synonym for PARALYSIS (severe


Hypersensitivity [SEP] Hypersensitivity to carbamazepine presenting with a leukemoid reaction, eosinoph

Drug Hypersensitivity [SEP] Immunologically mediated adverse reactions to medicinal substances used legally or illegally.


carbamazepine [SEP] Hypersensitivity to carbamazepine presenting with a leukemoid reaction, eosinophilia, erythroderm

Carbamazepine [SEP] An anticonvulsant used to control grand mal and psychomotor or focal seizures. Its mode of action is not fully understood, but s


leukemoid reaction [SEP] Hypersensitivity to carbamazepine presenting with a leukemoid reaction, eosinophilia, erythroderma, and renal failure.

Leukemoid Reaction [SEP] A peripheral blood picture resembling that of leukemia or indistinguishable from it on the basis of morphologic appearance alone


eosinophilia [SEP] sitivity to carbamazepine presenting with a leukemoid reaction, eosinophilia, erythroderma, and renal failure.

Eosinophilia [SEP] Abnormal increase of EOSINOPHILS in the blood, tissues or organs.


erythroderma [SEP] rbamazepine presenting with a leukemoid reaction, eosinophilia, erythroderma, and renal failure.

Dermatitis, Exfoliative [SEP] The widespread involvement of the skin by a scaly, erythematous dermatitis occurring either as a secondary or reactive process t


renal failure [SEP] ting with a leukemoid reaction, eosinophilia, erythroderma, and renal failure.

Renal Insufficiency [SEP] Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level in the ability to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain


hypersensitivity [SEP] We report a patient in whom hypersensitivity to carbamazepine presented with generalized erythroderma, a sev


carbamazepine [SEP] We report a patient in whom hypersensitivity to carbamazepine presented with generalized erythroderma, a severe leukemoid rea


erythroderma [SEP] om hypersensitivity to carbamazepine presented with generalized erythroderma, a severe leukemoid reaction, eosinophilia, hyponatremia, and r


leukemoid reaction [SEP] carbamazepine presented with generalized erythroderma, a severe leukemoid reaction, eosinophilia, hyponatremia, and renal failure. This is the fir


eosinophilia [SEP] ted with generalized erythroderma, a severe leukemoid reaction, eosinophilia, hyponatremia, and renal failure. This is the first report of s


hyponatremia [SEP] alized erythroderma, a severe leukemoid reaction, eosinophilia, hyponatremia, and renal failure. This is the first report of such an unusual

Hyponatremia [SEP] Deficiency of sodium in the blood; salt depletion. (Dorland, 27th ed)


renal failure [SEP] a, a severe leukemoid reaction, eosinophilia, hyponatremia, and renal failure. This is the first report of such an unusual reaction to carbam


nicotine [SEP] The interpeduncular nucleus regulates nicotine's effects on free-field activity.

Nicotine [SEP] Nicotine is highly toxic alkaloid. It is the prototypical agonist at nicotinic cholinergic receptors where it dramatically stimu


kainic acid [SEP] Partial lesions were made with kainic acid in the interpeduncular nucleus of the ventral midbrain of the r

Kainic Acid [SEP] (2S-(2 alpha,3 beta,4 beta))-2-Carboxy-4-(1-methylethenyl)-3-pyrrolidineacetic acid. Ascaricide obtained from the red alga Digen


locomotor hypoactivity [SEP] significantly (p < 0.25) blunted the early (<60 min) free-field locomotor hypoactivity caused by nicotine (0.5 mg kg(-1), i.m.), enhanced the later (6

Movement Disorders [SEP] Syndromes which feature DYSKINESIAS as a cardinal manifestation of the disease process. Included in this category are degenerati


nicotine [SEP] the early (<60 min) free-field locomotor hypoactivity caused by nicotine (0.5 mg kg(-1), i.m.), enhanced the later (60-120 min) nicotine


hyperactivity [SEP] kg(-1), i.m.), enhanced the later (60-120 min) nicotine-induced hyperactivity, and raised spontaneous nocturnal activity. Lesions reduced the

Hyperkinesis [SEP] Excessive movement of muscles of the body as a whole, which may be associated with organic or psychological disorders.


choline [SEP] . Lesions reduced the extent of immunohistological staining for choline acetyltransferase in the interpeduncular nucleus (p <0.025), bu

Choline [SEP] A basic constituent of lecithin that is found in many plants and animal organs. It is important as a precursor of acetylcholine,


tyrosine [SEP] nsferase in the interpeduncular nucleus (p <0.025), but not for tyrosine hydroxylase in the surrounding catecholaminergic A10 region. We

Tyrosine [SEP] A non-essential amino acid. In animals it is synthesized from PHENYLALANINE. It is also the precursor of EPINEPHRINE; THYROID HO


depression [SEP] We conclude that the interpeduncular nucleus mediates nicotinic depression of locomotor activity and dampens nicotinic arousal mechanisms

Depressive Disorder [SEP] An affective disorder manifested by either a dysphoric mood or loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities. The mood distur


dobutamine [SEP]  new non-invasive index of cardiac performance for detection of dobutamine-induced myocardial ischemia.

Dobutamine [SEP] A catecholamine derivative with specificity for BETA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. It is commonly used as a cardiotonic agent after CA


myocardial ischemia [SEP] ndex of cardiac performance for detection of dobutamine-induced myocardial ischemia.

Myocardial Ischemia [SEP] A disorder of cardiac function caused by insufficient blood flow to the muscle tissue of the heart. The decreased blood flow may


dobutamine [SEP] ND: Electrocardiography has a very low sensitivity in detecting dobutamine-induced myocardial ischemia. OBJECTIVES: To assess the added di


myocardial ischemia [SEP] aphy has a very low sensitivity in detecting dobutamine-induced myocardial ischemia. OBJECTIVES: To assess the added diagnostic value of a new card


Tc99m-Sestamibi [SEP] CG, for detecting dobutamine-induced myocardial ischemia, using Tc99m-Sestamibi single-photon emission computed tomography as the gold standard

Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi [SEP] A technetium imaging agent used to reveal blood-starved cardiac tissue during a heart attack.


ischemia [SEP] very low sensitivity in detecting dobutamine-induced myocardial ischemia. OBJECTIVES: To assess the added diagnostic value of a new card

Ischemia [SEP] A hypoperfusion of the BLOOD through an organ or tissue caused by a PATHOLOGIC CONSTRICTION or obstruction of its BLOOD VESSELS,


Sestamibi [SEP] r detecting dobutamine-induced myocardial ischemia, using Tc99m-Sestamibi single-photon emission computed tomography as the gold standard


Acute liver failure [SEP] Acute liver failure in two patients with regular alcohol consumption ingesting para

Liver Failure, Acute [SEP] A form of rapid-onset LIVER FAILURE, also known as fulminant hepatic failure, caused by severe liver injury or massive loss of H


alcohol [SEP] Acute liver failure in two patients with regular alcohol consumption ingesting paracetamol at therapeutic dosage.

Ethanol [SEP] A clear, colorless liquid rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and distributed throughout the body. It has bacterici


paracetamol [SEP] lure in two patients with regular alcohol consumption ingesting paracetamol at therapeutic dosage.

Acetaminophen [SEP] Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but


alcohol [SEP] BACKGROUND: The possible role of alcohol in the development of hepatotoxicity associated with therapeuti


hepatotoxicity [SEP] BACKGROUND: The possible role of alcohol in the development of hepatotoxicity associated with therapeutic doses of paracetamol (acetaminophen

Drug-Induced Liver Injury [SEP] A spectrum of clinical liver diseases ranging from mild biochemical abnormalities to ACUTE LIVER FAILURE, caused by drugs, drug


paracetamol [SEP] elopment of hepatotoxicity associated with therapeutic doses of paracetamol (acetaminophen) is currently debated. CASE REPORT: We describe


acetaminophen [SEP] epatotoxicity associated with therapeutic doses of paracetamol (acetaminophen) is currently debated. CASE REPORT: We describe 2 patients who


liver failure [SEP] atients who were regular consumers of alcohol and who developed liver failure within 3-5 days after hospitalization and stopping alcohol cons

Liver Failure [SEP] Severe inability of the LIVER to perform its normal metabolic functions, as evidenced by severe JAUNDICE and abnormal serum leve


Cocaine [SEP] Cocaine related chest pain: are we seeing the tip of an iceberg?

Cocaine [SEP] An alkaloid ester extracted from the leaves of plants including coca. It is a local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor and is clinic


chest pain [SEP] Cocaine related chest pain: are we seeing the tip of an iceberg?

Chest Pain [SEP] Pressure, burning, or numbness in the chest.


cocaine [SEP] The recreational use of cocaine is on the increase. The emergency nurse ought to be familiar wi


chest pain [SEP]  cocaine use. In particular, the tendency of cocaine to produce chest pain ought to be in the mind of the emergency nurse when faced with


rhabdomyolysis [SEP] Severe rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure secondary to concomitant use of simvast

Rhabdomyolysis [SEP] Necrosis or disintegration of skeletal muscle often followed by myoglobinuria.


acute renal failure [SEP] Severe rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure secondary to concomitant use of simvastatin, amiodarone, and at

Acute Kidney Injury [SEP] Abrupt reduction in kidney function. Acute kidney injury encompasses the entire spectrum of the syndrome including acute kidney


simvastatin [SEP] yolysis and acute renal failure secondary to concomitant use of simvastatin, amiodarone, and atazanavir.

Simvastatin [SEP] A derivative of LOVASTATIN and potent competitive inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLU


amiodarone [SEP] cute renal failure secondary to concomitant use of simvastatin, amiodarone, and atazanavir.

Amiodarone [SEP] An antianginal and class III antiarrhythmic drug. It increases the duration of ventricular and atrial muscle action by inhibitin


atazanavir [SEP] re secondary to concomitant use of simvastatin, amiodarone, and atazanavir.

atazanavir [SEP]


simvastatin [SEP] OBJECTIVE: To report a case of a severe interaction between simvastatin, amiodarone, and atazanavir resulting in rhabdomyolysis and acu


amiodarone [SEP] : To report a case of a severe interaction between simvastatin, amiodarone, and atazanavir resulting in rhabdomyolysis and acute renal fai


atazanavir [SEP] se of a severe interaction between simvastatin, amiodarone, and atazanavir resulting in rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure. BACKGROUND

atazanavir [SEP]


rhabdomyolysis [SEP] on between simvastatin, amiodarone, and atazanavir resulting in rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure. BACKGROUND: A 72-year-old white man wi


acute renal failure [SEP] tin, amiodarone, and atazanavir resulting in rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure. BACKGROUND: A 72-year-old white man with underlying human immu


human immunodeficiency virus [SEP] al failure. BACKGROUND: A 72-year-old white man with underlying human immunodeficiency virus, atrial fibrillation, coronary artery disease, and hyperlipidem

HIV Infections [SEP] Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity, thru AIDS-related


atrial fibrillation [SEP] ear-old white man with underlying human immunodeficiency virus, atrial fibrillation, coronary artery disease, and hyperlipidemia presented with gen

Atrial Fibrillation [SEP] Abnormal cardiac rhythm that is characterized by rapid, uncoordinated firing of electrical impulses in the upper chambers of the


coronary artery disease [SEP] h underlying human immunodeficiency virus, atrial fibrillation, coronary artery disease, and hyperlipidemia presented with generalized pain, fatigue, a

Coronary Artery Disease [SEP] Pathological processes of CORONARY ARTERIES that may derive from a congenital abnormality, atherosclerotic, or non-atherosclerot


hyperlipidemia [SEP] ciency virus, atrial fibrillation, coronary artery disease, and hyperlipidemia presented with generalized pain, fatigue, and dark orange urine

Hyperlipidemias [SEP] Conditions with excess LIPIDS in the blood.


pain [SEP] y artery disease, and hyperlipidemia presented with generalized pain, fatigue, and dark orange urine for 3 days. The patient was tak

Pain [SEP] An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS.


fatigue [SEP] ry disease, and hyperlipidemia presented with generalized pain, fatigue, and dark orange urine for 3 days. The patient was taking 80 mg

Fatigue [SEP] The state of weariness following a period of exertion, mental or physical, characterized by a decreased capacity for work and re


creatine [SEP]  2 years previously). Laboratory evaluation revealed 66,680 U/L creatine kinase, 93 mg/dL blood urea nitrogen, 4.6 mg/dL creatinine, 157

Creatine [SEP] An amino acid that occurs in vertebrate tissues and in urine. In muscle tissue, creatine generally occurs as phosphocreatine. Cr


blood urea nitrogen [SEP] ratory evaluation revealed 66,680 U/L creatine kinase, 93 mg/dL blood urea nitrogen, 4.6 mg/dL creatinine, 1579 U/L aspartate aminotransferase, and

Blood Urea Nitrogen [SEP] The urea concentration of the blood stated in terms of nitrogen content. Serum (plasma) urea nitrogen is approximately 12% highe


creatinine [SEP] 80 U/L creatine kinase, 93 mg/dL blood urea nitrogen, 4.6 mg/dL creatinine, 1579 U/L aspartate aminotransferase, and 738 U/L alanine amino

Creatinine [SEP]


aspartate [SEP] e, 93 mg/dL blood urea nitrogen, 4.6 mg/dL creatinine, 1579 U/L aspartate aminotransferase, and 738 U/L alanine aminotransferase. Simvast

Aspartic Acid [SEP] One of the non-essential amino acids commonly occurring in the L-form. It is found in animals and plants, especially in sugar ca


alanine [SEP] dL creatinine, 1579 U/L aspartate aminotransferase, and 738 U/L alanine aminotransferase. Simvastatin, amiodarone, and the patient's hu

Alanine [SEP] A non-essential amino acid that occurs in high levels in its free state in plasma. It is produced from pyruvate by transaminatio


Simvastatin [SEP] partate aminotransferase, and 738 U/L alanine aminotransferase. Simvastatin, amiodarone, and the patient's human immunodeficiency virus med


Amiodarone [SEP] t simvastatin metabolism. Simvastatin is metabolized by CYP3A4. Amiodarone and atazanavir are recognized CYP3A4 inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS: P


statins [SEP]  CYP3A4 inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS: Pharmacokinetic differences in statins are an important consideration for assessing the risk of potent


pravastatin [SEP]  requiring the concurrent use of statins and CYP3A4 inhibitors, pravastatin, fluvastatin, and rosuvastatin carry the lowest risk of drug in

Pravastatin [SEP] An antilipemic fungal metabolite isolated from cultures of Nocardia autotrophica. It acts as a competitive inhibitor of HMG CoA


fluvastatin [SEP] e concurrent use of statins and CYP3A4 inhibitors, pravastatin, fluvastatin, and rosuvastatin carry the lowest risk of drug interactions; a

fluvastatin [SEP]


rosuvastatin [SEP] of statins and CYP3A4 inhibitors, pravastatin, fluvastatin, and rosuvastatin carry the lowest risk of drug interactions; atorvastatin carrie

rosuvastatin [SEP]


atorvastatin [SEP] n, and rosuvastatin carry the lowest risk of drug interactions; atorvastatin carries moderate risk, whereas simvastatin and lovastatin have

atorvastatin [SEP]


lovastatin [SEP] ns; atorvastatin carries moderate risk, whereas simvastatin and lovastatin have the highest risk and should be avoided in patients taking

Lovastatin [SEP] A fungal metabolite isolated from cultures of Aspergillus terreus. The compound is a potent anticholesteremic agent. It inhibits


vinorelbine [SEP] Phase II trial of vinorelbine in metastatic squamous cell esophageal carcinoma. European Orga

vinorelbine [SEP]


squamous cell esophageal carcinoma [SEP] Phase II trial of vinorelbine in metastatic squamous cell esophageal carcinoma. European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Gas

Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma [SEP]


Cancer [SEP]  carcinoma. European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Gastrointestinal Treat Cancer Cooperative Group.

Neoplasms [SEP] New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and me


vinorelbine [SEP] PURPOSE: To evaluate the response rate and toxic effects of vinorelbine (VNB) administered as a single agent in metastatic squamous cel

vinorelbine [SEP]


VNB [SEP] To evaluate the response rate and toxic effects of vinorelbine (VNB) administered as a single agent in metastatic squamous cell eso

vinorelbine [SEP]


squamous cell esophageal carcinoma [SEP]  vinorelbine (VNB) administered as a single agent in metastatic squamous cell esophageal carcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty-six eligible patients with measura


cisplatin [SEP] irty patients without prior chemotherapy and 16 pretreated with cisplatin-based chemotherapy were assessable for toxicity and response. V

Cisplatin [SEP] An inorganic and water-soluble platinum complex. After undergoing hydrolysis, it reacts with DNA to produce both intra and inter


toxicity [SEP] retreated with cisplatin-based chemotherapy were assessable for toxicity and response. VNB was administered weekly as a 25-mg/m2 short i

Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions [SEP] Disorders that result from the intended use of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. Included in this heading are a broad variety of chem


granulocytopenia [SEP] tologic toxicity occurred. At least one episode of grade 3 or 4 granulocytopenia was seen in 59% of patients. A grade 2 or 3 infection occurred

Agranulocytosis [SEP] A decrease in the number of GRANULOCYTES; (BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and NEUTROPHILS).


infection [SEP]  4 granulocytopenia was seen in 59% of patients. A grade 2 or 3 infection occurred in 16% of patients, but no toxic deaths occurred. Othe

Infection [SEP] Invasion of the host organism by microorganisms that can cause pathological conditions or diseases.


deaths [SEP] rade 2 or 3 infection occurred in 16% of patients, but no toxic deaths occurred. Other side effects were rare, and peripheral neurotox

Death [SEP] Irreversible cessation of all bodily functions, manifested by absence of spontaneous breathing and total loss of cardiovascular


peripheral neurotoxicity [SEP] but no toxic deaths occurred. Other side effects were rare, and peripheral neurotoxicity has been minor (26% grade 1). CONCLUSION: These data indicate t

Peripheral Nervous System Diseases [SEP] Diseases of the peripheral nerves external to the brain and spinal cord, which includes diseases of the nerve roots, ganglia, pl


esophageal squamous cell carcinoma [SEP] : These data indicate that VNB is an active agent in metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Given its excellent tolerance profile and low toxicity, furthe


Paclitaxel [SEP] Paclitaxel, cisplatin, and gemcitabine combination chemotherapy within a m

Paclitaxel [SEP] A cyclodecane isolated from the bark of the Pacific yew tree, TAXUS BREVIFOLIA. It stabilizes MICROTUBULES in their polymerized


cisplatin [SEP] Paclitaxel, cisplatin, and gemcitabine combination chemotherapy within a multidiscipl


gemcitabine [SEP] Paclitaxel, cisplatin, and gemcitabine combination chemotherapy within a multidisciplinary therapeutic

gemcitabine [SEP]


nonsmall cell lung carcinoma [SEP] y within a multidisciplinary therapeutic approach in metastatic nonsmall cell lung carcinoma.

Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung [SEP] A heterogeneous aggregate of at least three distinct histological types of lung cancer, including SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; ADENO


Cisplatin [SEP] BACKGROUND: Cisplatin-based chemotherapy combinations improve quality of life and sur


nonsmall cell lung carcinoma [SEP] y combinations improve quality of life and survival in advanced nonsmall cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). The emergence of new active drugs might translate into


NSCLC [SEP]  of life and survival in advanced nonsmall cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). The emergence of new active drugs might translate into more e


toxicity [SEP] this study was to determine the feasibility, response rate, and toxicity of a paclitaxel, cisplatin, and gemcitabine combination to trea


paclitaxel [SEP]  to determine the feasibility, response rate, and toxicity of a paclitaxel, cisplatin, and gemcitabine combination to treat metastatic NSC


cisplatin [SEP] e the feasibility, response rate, and toxicity of a paclitaxel, cisplatin, and gemcitabine combination to treat metastatic NSCLC. Thirty-


gemcitabine [SEP] ty, response rate, and toxicity of a paclitaxel, cisplatin, and gemcitabine combination to treat metastatic NSCLC. Thirty-five consecutive

gemcitabine [SEP]


neutropenia [SEP] 2) for gemcitabine (86.2%). World Health Organization Grade 3-4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia occurred in 39.9% and 11.4% of patients, r

Neutropenia [SEP] A decrease in the number of NEUTROPHILS found in the blood.


thrombocytopenia [SEP] ne (86.2%). World Health Organization Grade 3-4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia occurred in 39.9% and 11.4% of patients, respectively. There wa

Thrombocytopenia [SEP] A subnormal level of BLOOD PLATELETS.


death [SEP] 1.4% of patients, respectively. There was one treatment-related death. Nonhematologic toxicities were mild. After a median follow-up


toxicities [SEP] ectively. There was one treatment-related death. Nonhematologic toxicities were mild. After a median follow-up of 22 months, the median pr


aponidine hydrochloride [SEP] Evaluation of adverse reactions of aponidine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution.

apraclonidine [SEP]


apraclonidine [SEP] We prospectively evaluated the adverse reactions of apraclonidine in 20 normal volunteers by instilling a single drop of 1% aprac

apraclonidine [SEP]


ocular hypotensive [SEP] ior to entry and at 1, 3, 5 and 7 hours after instillation. The ocular hypotensive effects were statistically significant for apraclonidine-treate

Ocular Hypotension [SEP] Abnormally low intraocular pressure often related to chronic inflammation (uveitis).


Decreases in systolic blood pressure [SEP] m three hours after topical administration of 1% apraclonidine. Decreases in systolic blood pressure were statistically, but not clinically, significant. No signifi

Hypotension [SEP] Abnormally low BLOOD PRESSURE that can result in inadequate blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. Common symptom is DI


Conjunctival blanching [SEP] blood pressure, pulse rate and basal tear secretion were noted. Conjunctival blanching and mydriasis were commonly found. Upper lid retraction was fre

Conjunctival Diseases [SEP]


mydriasis [SEP] and basal tear secretion were noted. Conjunctival blanching and mydriasis were commonly found. Upper lid retraction was frequently noted.

Mydriasis [SEP] Dilation of pupils to greater than 6 mm combined with failure of the pupils to constrict when stimulated with light. This condit


entropion [SEP] able change in appearance, one subject suffered from mechanical entropion and marked corneal abrasion 3 hours after instillation of the m

Entropion [SEP] The turning inward (inversion) of the edge of the eyelid, with the tarsal cartilage turned inward toward the eyeball. (Dorland,


corneal abrasion [SEP] ance, one subject suffered from mechanical entropion and marked corneal abrasion 3 hours after instillation of the medication. This may well be

Corneal Diseases [SEP] Diseases of the cornea.


Carmofur [SEP] Carmofur-induced organic mental disorders.

1-hexylcarbamoyl-5-fluorouracil [SEP]


organic mental disorders [SEP] Carmofur-induced organic mental disorders.

Delirium, Dementia, Amnestic, Cognitive Disorders [SEP] Cognitive disorders including delirium, dementia, and other cognitive disorders. These may be the result of substance use, traum


Organic mental disorder [SEP] Organic mental disorder was observed in a 29-year-old female in the prognostic period a


carmofur [SEP]  29-year-old female in the prognostic period after the onset of carmofur-induced leukoencephalopathy. Symptoms such as euphoria, emotion

1-hexylcarbamoyl-5-fluorouracil [SEP]


leukoencephalopathy [SEP] le in the prognostic period after the onset of carmofur-induced leukoencephalopathy. Symptoms such as euphoria, emotional lability and puerile atti

Leukoencephalopathies [SEP] Any of various diseases affecting the white matter of the central nervous system.


organic personality syndrome [SEP] ity and puerile attitude noted in the patient were diagnosed as organic personality syndrome according to the criteria defined in the DSM-III-R. It is refer

Personality Disorders [SEP] A major deviation from normal patterns of behavior.


frontal lobe syndrome [SEP] o the criteria defined in the DSM-III-R. It is referred to as a frontal lobe syndrome. Brain CT revealed a periventricular low density area in the fr

Brain Diseases [SEP] Pathologic conditions affecting the BRAIN, which is composed of the intracranial components of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. This


structural damage to the frontal lobe [SEP] ity syndrome in the residual state. It may be attributed to the structural damage to the frontal lobe.


mexiletine [SEP] International mexiletine and placebo antiarrhythmic coronary trial: I. Report on arrhyth

Mexiletine [SEP] Antiarrhythmic agent pharmacologically similar to LIDOCAINE. It may have some anticonvulsant properties.


arrhythmia [SEP] iletine and placebo antiarrhythmic coronary trial: I. Report on arrhythmia and other findings. Impact Research Group.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac [SEP] Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be classified by


mexiletine [SEP] The antiarrhythmic effects of the sustained release form of mexiletine (Mexitil-Perlongets) were evaluated in a double-blind placebo t


Mexitil-Perlongets [SEP] arrhythmic effects of the sustained release form of mexiletine (Mexitil-Perlongets) were evaluated in a double-blind placebo trial in 630 patients


myocardial infarction [SEP] uble-blind placebo trial in 630 patients with recent documented myocardial infarction. The primary response variable was based on central reading of

Myocardial Infarction [SEP] NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).


deaths [SEP] es that have used the regular form of the drug. There were more deaths in the mexiletine group (7.6%) than in the placebo group (4.8%)

Death [SEP] Irreversible cessation of all bodily functions, manifested by absence of spontaneous breathing and total loss of cardiovascular


tremor [SEP] n both groups. Previously recognized side effects, particularly tremor and gastrointestinal problems, were more frequent in the mexile

Tremor [SEP] Cyclical movement of a body part that can represent either a physiologic process or a manifestation of disease. Intention or act


gastrointestinal problems [SEP] ps. Previously recognized side effects, particularly tremor and gastrointestinal problems, were more frequent in the mexiletine group than in the placebo

Signs and Symptoms, Digestive [SEP] Digestive system manifestations of diseases of the gastrointestinal system or of other organs.


amphetamine [SEP] Regional localization of the antagonism of amphetamine-induced hyperactivity by intracerebral calcitonin injections.

Amphetamine [SEP] A powerful central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic. Amphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blockin


hyperactivity [SEP] Regional localization of the antagonism of amphetamine-induced hyperactivity by intracerebral calcitonin injections.

Hyperkinesis [SEP] Excessive movement of muscles of the body as a whole, which may be associated with organic or psychological disorders.


calcitonin [SEP] ntagonism of amphetamine-induced hyperactivity by intracerebral calcitonin injections.

Calcitonin [SEP] A peptide hormone that lowers calcium concentration in the blood. In humans, it is released by thyroid cells and acts to decreas


Calcitonin [SEP] Calcitonin receptors are found in the brain, and intracerebral infusions o


calcitonin [SEP] eceptors are found in the brain, and intracerebral infusions of calcitonin can produce behavioral effects. Among these behavioral effects


amphetamine [SEP] ehavioral effects are decreases in food intake and decreases in amphetamine-induced locomotor activity. In previous experiments we found th


intracranial bleeding [SEP] Fatal intracranial bleeding associated with prehospital use of epinephrine.

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage [SEP] Bleeding into the intracranial or spinal SUBARACHNOID SPACE, most resulting from INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSM rupture. It can occur aft


epinephrine [SEP] Fatal intracranial bleeding associated with prehospital use of epinephrine.

Epinephrine [SEP] The active sympathomimetic hormone from the ADRENAL MEDULLA. It stimulates both the alpha- and beta- adrenergic systems, causes


allergic reaction [SEP] misjudgment in the execution of a protocol for the treatment of allergic reaction in a case of pulmonary edema with wheezing. The sudden onset of

Drug Hypersensitivity [SEP] Immunologically mediated adverse reactions to medicinal substances used legally or illegally.


pulmonary edema [SEP]  a protocol for the treatment of allergic reaction in a case of pulmonary edema with wheezing. The sudden onset of respiratory distress, rash,

Pulmonary Edema [SEP] Excessive accumulation of extravascular fluid in the lung, an indication of a serious underlying disease or disorder. Pulmonary


wheezing [SEP] reatment of allergic reaction in a case of pulmonary edema with wheezing. The sudden onset of respiratory distress, rash, and a history

Respiratory Sounds [SEP] Noises, normal and abnormal, heard on auscultation over any part of the RESPIRATORY TRACT.


respiratory distress [SEP] in a case of pulmonary edema with wheezing. The sudden onset of respiratory distress, rash, and a history of a new medicine led the two paramedics o

Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult [SEP] A syndrome characterized by progressive life-threatening RESPIRATORY INSUFFICIENCY in the absence of known LUNG DISEASES, usuall


rash [SEP]  edema with wheezing. The sudden onset of respiratory distress, rash, and a history of a new medicine led the two paramedics on the

Exanthema [SEP] Diseases in which skin eruptions or rashes are a prominent manifestation. Classically, six such diseases were described with sim


epinephrine [SEP]  led the two paramedics on the scene to administer subcutaneous epinephrine. Subsequently, acute cardiac arrest and fatal subarachnoid hemo


cardiac arrest [SEP] ene to administer subcutaneous epinephrine. Subsequently, acute cardiac arrest and fatal subarachnoid hemorrhage occurred. Epinephrine has a p

Heart Arrest [SEP] Cessation of heart beat or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. If it is treated within a few minutes, heart arrest can be reversed in most c


subarachnoid hemorrhage [SEP] neous epinephrine. Subsequently, acute cardiac arrest and fatal subarachnoid hemorrhage occurred. Epinephrine has a proven role in cardiac arrest in pr


Epinephrine [SEP] cute cardiac arrest and fatal subarachnoid hemorrhage occurred. Epinephrine has a proven role in cardiac arrest in prehospital care; howeve


hypertension [SEP] amedics in patients with suspected allergic reaction and severe hypertension should be viewed with caution.

Hypertension [SEP] Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is c


rhabdomyolysis [SEP] A case of massive rhabdomyolysis following molindone administration.

Rhabdomyolysis [SEP] Necrosis or disintegration of skeletal muscle often followed by myoglobinuria.


molindone [SEP] A case of massive rhabdomyolysis following molindone administration.

Molindone [SEP] An indole derivative effective in schizophrenia and other psychoses and possibly useful in the treatment of the aggressive type


Rhabdomyolysis [SEP] Rhabdomyolysis is a potentially lethal syndrome that psychiatric patients seem


psychiatric [SEP] Rhabdomyolysis is a potentially lethal syndrome that psychiatric patients seem predisposed to develop. The clinical signs and sy

Mental Disorders [SEP] Psychiatric illness or diseases manifested by breakdowns in the adaptational process expressed primarily as abnormalities of tho


rhabdomyolysis [SEP] and symptoms, typical laboratory features, and complications of rhabdomyolysis are presented. The case of a schizophrenic patient is reported


schizophrenic [SEP] nd complications of rhabdomyolysis are presented. The case of a schizophrenic patient is reported to illustrate massive rhabdomyolysis and su

Schizophrenia [SEP] A severe emotional disorder of psychotic depth characteristically marked by a retreat from reality with delusion formation, HALL


acute renal failure [SEP] is reported to illustrate massive rhabdomyolysis and subsequent acute renal failure following molindone administration. Physicians who prescribe mo

Acute Kidney Injury [SEP] Abrupt reduction in kidney function. Acute kidney injury encompasses the entire spectrum of the syndrome including acute kidney


molindone [SEP] ive rhabdomyolysis and subsequent acute renal failure following molindone administration. Physicians who prescribe molindone should be aw


Cardiovascular alterations [SEP] Cardiovascular alterations in rat fetuses exposed to calcium channel blockers.

Cardiovascular Abnormalities [SEP] Congenital, inherited, or acquired anomalies of the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM, including the HEART and BLOOD VESSELS.


calcium [SEP] Cardiovascular alterations in rat fetuses exposed to calcium channel blockers.

Calcium [SEP] A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic sym


calcium [SEP] Preclinical toxicologic investigation suggested that a new calcium channel blocker, Ro 40-5967, induced cardiovascular alterations


Ro 40-5967 [SEP] gic investigation suggested that a new calcium channel blocker, Ro 40-5967, induced cardiovascular alterations in rat fetuses exposed to t

Mibefradil [SEP] A benzimidazoyl-substituted tetraline that selectively binds and inhibits CALCIUM CHANNELS, T-TYPE.


cardiovascular alterations [SEP] ggested that a new calcium channel blocker, Ro 40-5967, induced cardiovascular alterations in rat fetuses exposed to this agent during organogenesis. The


cardiovascular malformations [SEP]  the hypothesis that calcium channel blockers in general induce cardiovascular malformations indicating a pharmacologic class effect. We studied three calci


nifedipine [SEP]  studied three calcium channel blockers of different structure, nifedipine, diltiazem, and verapamil, along with the new agent. Pregnant r

Nifedipine [SEP] A potent vasodilator agent with calcium antagonistic action. It is a useful anti-anginal agent that also lowers blood pressure.


diltiazem [SEP] ee calcium channel blockers of different structure, nifedipine, diltiazem, and verapamil, along with the new agent. Pregnant rats were ad

Diltiazem [SEP] A benzothiazepine derivative with vasodilating action due to its antagonism of the actions of CALCIUM ion on membrane functions.


verapamil [SEP] nel blockers of different structure, nifedipine, diltiazem, and verapamil, along with the new agent. Pregnant rats were administered one

Verapamil [SEP] A calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent.


lamivudine [SEP] f immune escape mutations G145R and P120T on the replication of lamivudine-resistant hepatitis B virus e antigen-positive and -negative st

Lamivudine [SEP] A reverse transcriptase inhibitor and ZALCITABINE analog in which a sulfur atom replaces the 3' carbon of the pentose ring. It i


hepatitis B virus e antigen [SEP] ions G145R and P120T on the replication of lamivudine-resistant hepatitis B virus e antigen-positive and -negative strains.

Hepatitis B e Antigens [SEP] A closely related group of antigens found in the plasma only during the infective phase of hepatitis B or in virulent chronic he


hepatitis B [SEP] Immune escape variants of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) represent an emerging clinical challenge, because t

Hepatitis B [SEP] INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by a member of the ORTHOHEPADNAVIRUS genus, HEPATITIS B VIRUS. It is primarily transm


lamivudine [SEP] ility of common treatment-associated mutants with resistance to lamivudine (LAM) and/or HBeAg negativity. Replication-competent HBV strain


LAM [SEP] mon treatment-associated mutants with resistance to lamivudine (LAM) and/or HBeAg negativity. Replication-competent HBV strains wit


HBeAg [SEP] t-associated mutants with resistance to lamivudine (LAM) and/or HBeAg negativity. Replication-competent HBV strains with sG145R or sP


HBsAg [SEP] re promoter (BCP) mutants. The sG145R mutation strongly reduced HBsAg levels and was able to fully restore the impaired replication o

Hepatitis B Surface Antigens [SEP] Those hepatitis B antigens found on the surface of the Dane particle and on the 20 nm spherical and tubular particles. Several s


nucleotide [SEP] s with combined immune escape and LAM resistance mutations, the nucleotide analogues adefovir and tenofovir remained effective in suppress

Nucleotides [SEP] The monomeric units from which DNA or RNA polymers are constructed. They consist of a purine or pyrimidine base, a pentose sugar


adefovir [SEP] e escape and LAM resistance mutations, the nucleotide analogues adefovir and tenofovir remained effective in suppressing viral replicati

adefovir [SEP]


tenofovir [SEP] LAM resistance mutations, the nucleotide analogues adefovir and tenofovir remained effective in suppressing viral replication in vitro. T

tenofovir [SEP]


sevoflurane [SEP] The effects of sevoflurane on lidocaine-induced convulsions.

sevoflurane [SEP]


lidocaine [SEP] The effects of sevoflurane on lidocaine-induced convulsions.

Lidocaine [SEP] A local anesthetic and cardiac depressant used as an antiarrhythmia agent. Its actions are more intense and its effects more pro


convulsions [SEP] The effects of sevoflurane on lidocaine-induced convulsions.

Seizures [SEP] Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of br


sevoflurane [SEP] The influence of sevoflurane on lidocaine-induced convulsions was studied in cats. The convu

sevoflurane [SEP]


lidocaine [SEP] The influence of sevoflurane on lidocaine-induced convulsions was studied in cats. The convulsive thresho


convulsions [SEP] The influence of sevoflurane on lidocaine-induced convulsions was studied in cats. The convulsive threshold (mean +/- SD) was


convulsive [SEP] urane on lidocaine-induced convulsions was studied in cats. The convulsive threshold (mean +/- SD) was 41.4 +/- 6.5 mg. l(-1) with lidocai


enflurane [SEP]  difference in the convulsive threshold between sevoflurane and enflurane. The rise in blood pressure became less marked when higher conc

Enflurane [SEP] An extremely stable inhalation anesthetic that allows rapid adjustments of anesthesia depth with little change in pulse or respi


Apamin [SEP] tions measured when the systolic blood pressure became 70 mmHg. Apamin, a selective blocker of calcium-dependent potassium channels, w

Apamin [SEP] A highly neurotoxic polypeptide from the venom of the honey bee (Apis mellifera). It consists of 18 amino acids with two disulfi


calcium [SEP] c blood pressure became 70 mmHg. Apamin, a selective blocker of calcium-dependent potassium channels, was administered intracerebrovent


potassium [SEP] ecame 70 mmHg. Apamin, a selective blocker of calcium-dependent potassium channels, was administered intracerebroventricularly in rats an

Potassium [SEP] An element in the alkali group of metals with an atomic symbol K, atomic number 19, and atomic weight 39.10. It is the chief cat


toxicity [SEP] ted that sevoflurane reduces the convulsive effect of lidocaine toxicity but carries some risk due to circulatory depression.

Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions [SEP] Disorders that result from the intended use of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. Included in this heading are a broad variety of chem


depression [SEP]  of lidocaine toxicity but carries some risk due to circulatory depression.

Depressive Disorder [SEP] An affective disorder manifested by either a dysphoric mood or loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities. The mood distur


atorvastatin [SEP] Anti-oxidant effects of atorvastatin in dexamethasone-induced hypertension in the rat.

atorvastatin [SEP]


dexamethasone [SEP] Anti-oxidant effects of atorvastatin in dexamethasone-induced hypertension in the rat.

Dexamethasone [SEP] An anti-inflammatory 9-fluoro-glucocorticoid.


hypertension [SEP] Anti-oxidant effects of atorvastatin in dexamethasone-induced hypertension in the rat.

Hypertension [SEP] Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is c


Dexamethasone [SEP] 1. Dexamethasone (Dex)-induced hypertension is characterized by endothelial dysf


Dex [SEP] 1. Dexamethasone (Dex)-induced hypertension is characterized by endoth


hypertension [SEP] 1. Dexamethasone (Dex)-induced hypertension is characterized by endothelial dysfunction associated with nit


nitric oxide [SEP] ion is characterized by endothelial dysfunction associated with nitric oxide (NO) deficiency and increased superoxide (O2-) production. Ator

Nitric Oxide [SEP] A free radical gas produced endogenously by a variety of mammalian cells, synthesized from ARGININE by NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE. Ni


NO [SEP] erized by endothelial dysfunction associated with nitric oxide (NO) deficiency and increased superoxide (O2-) production. Atorvast


superoxide [SEP] tion associated with nitric oxide (NO) deficiency and increased superoxide (O2-) production. Atorvastatin (Ato) possesses pleiotropic prop

Superoxides [SEP] Highly reactive compounds produced when oxygen is reduced by a single electron. In biological systems, they may be generated dur


O2- [SEP] ted with nitric oxide (NO) deficiency and increased superoxide (O2-) production. Atorvastatin (Ato) possesses pleiotropic propertie


Atorvastatin [SEP] xide (NO) deficiency and increased superoxide (O2-) production. Atorvastatin (Ato) possesses pleiotropic properties that have been reported

atorvastatin [SEP]


Ato [SEP] xide (NO) deficiency and increased superoxide (O2-) production. Atorvastatin (Ato) possesses pleiotropic properties that have been

atorvastatin [SEP]


acetylcholine [SEP] sing the tail-cuff method. Endothelial function was assessed by acetylcholine-induced vasorelaxation and phenylephrine-induced vasoconstricti

Acetylcholine [SEP] A neurotransmitter found at neuromuscular junctions, autonomic ganglia, parasympathetic effector junctions, a subset of sympathe


phenylephrine [SEP] nction was assessed by acetylcholine-induced vasorelaxation and phenylephrine-induced vasoconstriction in aortic segments. Vascular eNOS mRNA

Phenylephrine [SEP] An alpha-1 adrenergic agonist used as a mydriatic, nasal decongestant, and cardiotonic agent.


99mTc-glucarate [SEP] 99mTc-glucarate for detection of isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in

technetium Tc 99m glucarate [SEP]


isoproterenol [SEP] 99mTc-glucarate for detection of isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats.

Isoproterenol [SEP] Isopropyl analog of EPINEPHRINE; beta-sympathomimetic that acts on the heart, bronchi, skeletal muscle, alimentary tract, etc. I


myocardial infarction [SEP] 99mTc-glucarate for detection of isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats.

Myocardial Infarction [SEP] NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).


Infarct [SEP] Infarct-avid radiopharmaceuticals are necessary for rapid and timely di

Infarction [SEP] Formation of an infarct, which is NECROSIS in tissue due to local ISCHEMIA resulting from obstruction of BLOOD CIRCULATION, most


myocardial infarction [SEP] ceuticals are necessary for rapid and timely diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. The animal model used to produce infarction implies artery lig


infarction [SEP] re necessary for rapid and timely diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. The animal model used to produce infarction implies artery lig


isoproterenol [SEP] ery ligation but chemical induction can be easily obtained with isoproterenol. A new infarct-avid radiopharmaceutical based on glucaric acid


infarct [SEP] re necessary for rapid and timely diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. The animal model used to produce infarction implies artery


glucaric acid [SEP]  isoproterenol. A new infarct-avid radiopharmaceutical based on glucaric acid was prepared in the hospital radiopharmacy of the INCMNSZ. 99mT

Glucaric Acid [SEP] A sugar acid derived from D-glucose in which both the aldehydic carbon atom and the carbon atom bearing the primary hydroxyl gro


99mTc-glucarate [SEP] acid was prepared in the hospital radiopharmacy of the INCMNSZ. 99mTc-glucarate was easy to prepare, stable for 96 h and was used to study its

technetium Tc 99m glucarate [SEP]


cardiac infarction [SEP] stability makes it an ideal agent to detect, in patients, early cardiac infarction.


haloperidol [SEP] A randomized, placebo-controlled dose-comparison trial of haloperidol for psychosis and disruptive behaviors in Alzheimer's disease.

Haloperidol [SEP] A phenyl-piperidinyl-butyrophenone that is used primarily to treat SCHIZOPHRENIA and other PSYCHOSES. It is also used in schizoa


psychosis [SEP] ed, placebo-controlled dose-comparison trial of haloperidol for psychosis and disruptive behaviors in Alzheimer's disease.

Psychotic Disorders [SEP] Disorders in which there is a loss of ego boundaries or a gross impairment in reality testing with delusions or prominent halluc


disruptive behaviors [SEP] ntrolled dose-comparison trial of haloperidol for psychosis and disruptive behaviors in Alzheimer's disease.

Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders [SEP]


Alzheimer's disease [SEP]  trial of haloperidol for psychosis and disruptive behaviors in Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer Disease [SEP] A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention


haloperidol [SEP] dy was to compare the efficacy and side effects of two doses of haloperidol and placebo in the treatment of psychosis and disruptive behavi


psychosis [SEP] cts of two doses of haloperidol and placebo in the treatment of psychosis and disruptive behaviors in patients with Alzheimer's disease.


disruptive behaviors [SEP] es of haloperidol and placebo in the treatment of psychosis and disruptive behaviors in patients with Alzheimer's disease. METHOD: In a 6-week rando


Alzheimer's disease [SEP] reatment of psychosis and disruptive behaviors in patients with Alzheimer's disease. METHOD: In a 6-week random-assignment, double-blind, placebo-c


psychomotor agitation [SEP] s on the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale psychosis factor and on psychomotor agitation. Response rates according to three sets of criteria were greate

Psychomotor Agitation [SEP] A feeling of restlessness associated with increased motor activity. This may occur as a manifestation of nervous system drug tox


extrapyramidal signs [SEP] ndard dose over low dose was replicated in phase B. In phase A, extrapyramidal signs tended to be greater with the standard dose than in the other t

Basal Ganglia Diseases [SEP] Diseases of the BASAL GANGLIA including the PUTAMEN; GLOBUS PALLIDUS; claustrum; AMYGDALA; and CAUDATE NUCLEUS. DYSKINESIAS (mos


adriamycin [SEP] in renal ACE activity in healthy rats predict susceptibility to adriamycin-induced renal damage.

Doxorubicin [SEP] Antineoplastic antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces peucetius. It is a hydroxy derivative of DAUNORUBICIN.


renal damage [SEP] ty in healthy rats predict susceptibility to adriamycin-induced renal damage.

Kidney Diseases [SEP] Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues.


angiotensin [SEP] BACKGROUND: In man, differences in angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) levels, related to ACE (I/D) genotype,

Angiotensins [SEP] Oligopeptides which are important in the regulation of blood pressure (VASOCONSTRICTION) and fluid homeostasis via the RENIN-ANG


renal damage [SEP] the predictive effect of renal ACE activity for the severity of renal damage induced by a single injection of adriamycin in rats. METHODS: R


adriamycin [SEP] r the severity of renal damage induced by a single injection of adriamycin in rats. METHODS: Renal ACE activity (Hip-His-Leu cleavage by c


Hip-His-Leu [SEP] e injection of adriamycin in rats. METHODS: Renal ACE activity (Hip-His-Leu cleavage by cortical homogenates) was determined by renal biops

hippuryl-histidyl-leucine [SEP]


proteinuria [SEP]  biopsy in 27 adult male Wistar rats. After 1 week of recovery, proteinuria was induced by adriamycin [1.5 mg/kg intravenously (i.v.) n = 1

Proteinuria [SEP] The presence of proteins in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES.


Proteinuria [SEP] g/kg intravenously (i.v.) n = 18; controls, saline i.v. n = 9]. Proteinuria was measured every 2 weeks. After 12 weeks, rats were sacrifice


nephrotic [SEP] kidneys harvested. RESULTS: As anticipated, adriamycin elicited nephrotic range proteinuria, renal interstitial damage and mild focal glo

Nephrotic Syndrome [SEP] A condition characterized by severe PROTEINURIA, greater than 3.5 g/day in an average adult. The substantial loss of protein in


renal interstitial damage [SEP] s anticipated, adriamycin elicited nephrotic range proteinuria, renal interstitial damage and mild focal glomerulosclerosis. Baseline renal ACE positivel


focal glomerulosclerosis [SEP] nephrotic range proteinuria, renal interstitial damage and mild focal glomerulosclerosis. Baseline renal ACE positively correlated with the relative ris

Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental [SEP] A clinicopathological syndrome or diagnostic term for a type of glomerular injury that has multiple causes, primary or secondary


nephrotoxicity [SEP] Clinical nephrotoxicity of tobramycin and gentamicin. A prospective study.


tobramycin [SEP] Clinical nephrotoxicity of tobramycin and gentamicin. A prospective study.

Tobramycin [SEP] An aminoglycoside, broad-spectrum antibiotic produced by Streptomyces tenebrarius. It is effective against gram-negative bacteri


gentamicin [SEP] Clinical nephrotoxicity of tobramycin and gentamicin. A prospective study.

Gentamicins [SEP] A complex of closely related aminoglycosides obtained from MICROMONOSPORA purpurea and related species. They are broad-spectrum


aminoglycoside [SEP] Nearly 3.2 million people in this country receive aminoglycoside antibiotics annually. Gentamicin sulfate and tobramycin sulfate

Aminoglycosides [SEP] Glycosylated compounds in which there is an amino substituent on the glycoside. Some of them are clinically important ANTIBIOTIC


Gentamicin sulfate [SEP] le in this country receive aminoglycoside antibiotics annually. Gentamicin sulfate and tobramycin sulfate continue to demonstrate ototoxicity and


tobramycin sulfate [SEP] ive aminoglycoside antibiotics annually. Gentamicin sulfate and tobramycin sulfate continue to demonstrate ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity in both


ototoxicity [SEP] ntamicin sulfate and tobramycin sulfate continue to demonstrate ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity in both animal and clinical studies. In this

Hearing Disorders [SEP] Conditions that impair the transmission of auditory impulses and information from the level of the ear to the temporal cortices,


nephrotoxicity [SEP]  and tobramycin sulfate continue to demonstrate ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity in both animal and clinical studies. In this study, 62 patients


gentamicin sulfate [SEP] tial normal renal function and treated with 2 to 5 mg/kg/day of gentamicin sulfate or tobramycin sulfate for a minimum of seven days were followed


renal failure [SEP]  up prospectively for the development of aminoglycoside-related renal failure, defined as at least a one-third reduction in renal function. I

Renal Insufficiency [SEP] Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level in the ability to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain


tobramycin [SEP] ive aminoglycoside antibiotics annually. Gentamicin sulfate and tobramycin sulfate continue to demonstrate ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity


gentamicin [SEP] tial normal renal function and treated with 2 to 5 mg/kg/day of gentamicin sulfate or tobramycin sulfate for a minimum of seven days were


MPEP [SEP] Neuroprotective action of MPEP, a selective mGluR5 antagonist, in methamphetamine-induced dopa

6-methyl-2-(phenylethynyl)pyridine [SEP]


methamphetamine [SEP] uroprotective action of MPEP, a selective mGluR5 antagonist, in methamphetamine-induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity is associated with a decreas

Methamphetamine [SEP] A central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic with actions and uses similar to DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. The smokable form is


neurotoxicity [SEP] tive mGluR5 antagonist, in methamphetamine-induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity is associated with a decrease in dopamine outflow and inhibitio

Neurotoxicity Syndromes [SEP] Neurologic disorders caused by exposure to toxic substances through ingestion, injection, cutaneous application, or other method


dopamine [SEP] MPEP, a selective mGluR5 antagonist, in methamphetamine-induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity is associated with a decrease in dopamine out

Dopamine [SEP] One of the catecholamine NEUROTRANSMITTERS in the brain. It is derived from TYROSINE and is the precursor to NOREPINEPHRINE and


hyperthermia [SEP] ssociated with a decrease in dopamine outflow and inhibition of hyperthermia in rats.

Fever [SEP] An abnormal elevation of body temperature, usually as a result of a pathologic process.


glutamate [SEP] The aim of this study was to examine the role of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) in the toxic action of methamphetamine on d

Glutamic Acid [SEP] A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in th


methamphetamine [SEP] tabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) in the toxic action of methamphetamine on dopaminergic neurones in rats. Methamphetamine (10 mg/kg sc)


Methamphetamine [SEP] xic action of methamphetamine on dopaminergic neurones in rats. Methamphetamine (10 mg/kg sc), administered five times, reduced the levels of d


dopamine [SEP] e receptor 5 (mGluR5) in the toxic action of methamphetamine on dopaminergic neurones in rats. Methamphetamine (10 mg/kg sc), administer


2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine [SEP] 2 h after the last injection. A selective antagonist of mGluR5, 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine (MPEP; 5 mg/kg ip), when administered five times immediately be


MPEP [SEP] ctive antagonist of mGluR5, 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine (MPEP; 5 mg/kg ip), when administered five times immediately before e


veratridine [SEP] ethamphetamine (10 mg/kg sc) or by intrastriatally administered veratridine (100 microM). Moreover, it transiently diminished the methamphe

Veratridine [SEP] A benzoate-cevane found in VERATRUM and Schoenocaulon. It activates SODIUM CHANNELS to stay open longer than normal.


hyperthermia [SEP] ransiently diminished the methamphetamine (10 mg/kg sc)-induced hyperthermia and reduced basal body temperature. MPEP administered into the


toxicity [SEP] y protect dopaminergic neurones against methamphetamine-induced toxicity. Neuroprotection rendered by MPEP may be associated with the re

Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions [SEP] Disorders that result from the intended use of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. Included in this heading are a broad variety of chem


desipramine HCl [SEP] Pharmacokinetics of desipramine HCl when administered with cinacalcet HCl.

Desipramine [SEP] A tricyclic dibenzazepine compound that potentiates neurotransmission. Desipramine selectively blocks reuptake of norepinephrine


cinacalcet HCl [SEP] Pharmacokinetics of desipramine HCl when administered with cinacalcet HCl.

cinacalcet [SEP]


cinacalcet [SEP] OBJECTIVE: In vitro work has demonstrated that cinacalcet is a strong inhibitor of cytochrome P450 isoenzyme (CYP) 2D6. T

cinacalcet [SEP]


desipramine [SEP]  to evaluate the effect of cinacalcet on CYP2D6 activity, using desipramine as a probe substrate, in healthy subjects. METHODS: Seventeen s