Go: package main

import (
	"sort"
	"bufio"
	"os"
	"fmt"
	"strconv"
)

// Define disjoint-set forests

type vertexNo int

type vertex struct {
	number vertexNo
	rank int
	parent *vertex
}

func makeSet(number vertexNo) vertex {
	return vertex {
		number: number,
		rank: 0,
		parent: nil,
	}
}

func union(x, y *vertex) *vertex {
	return link(findSet(x), findSet(y))
}

func link(x, y *vertex) *vertex {
	if x.rank > y.rank {
		y.parent = x
		return x
	} else {
		x.parent = y
		if x.rank == y.rank {
			y.rank += 1
		}
		return y
	}
}

func findSet(v *vertex) *vertex {
	if v.parent == nil {
		return v
	}
	v.parent = findSet(v.parent)
	return v.parent
}

// Function to calculate minimum spanning tree

type matrix [][]int

type edge struct {
	one vertexNo
	two vertexNo
	weight int
}

const(
	MAX_VERTICES = 100
)

func newEdgesFromMatrix(matrix matrix) []edge {
	edges := make([]edge, 0, MAX_VERTICES * MAX_VERTICES)

	for i := 0; i < len(matrix); i++ {
		row := matrix[i]
		for j := i; j < len(row); j++ {
			if row[j] >= 0 {
				edge := edge{one: vertexNo(i+1), two: vertexNo(j+1), weight: row[j]}
				edges = append(edges, edge)
			}
		}
	}

	return edges
}

func solve(matrix matrix) int {
	nVertices := len(matrix)

	// initialize vertices
	vertices := make([]vertex, nVertices)
	for i := 0; i < nVertices; i++ {
		vertices[i] = makeSet(vertexNo(i+1))
	}

	// prepare edges sorted in the ascending order of weight
	edges := newEdgesFromMatrix(matrix)
	sort.Slice(edges, func(i, j int) bool {
		return edges[i].weight < edges[j].weight
	})

	unionCount := 0
	weightSum := 0
	for unionCount < nVertices-1 {
		for i := 0; i < len(edges); i++ {
			edge := edges[i]
			v1 := &vertices[edge.one-1]
			v2 := &vertices[edge.two-1]
			rep1 := findSet(v1)
			rep2 := findSet(v2)
			if rep1.number == rep2.number {
				continue
			}
			union(rep1, rep2)
			edges = append(edges[0:i], edges[i+1:]...)
			weightSum += edge.weight
			unionCount++
			break
		}
	}

	return weightSum
}

// main

func main() {
	sc := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	sc.Split(bufio.ScanWords)

	n, err := nextInt(sc)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	matrix := parseMatrix(n, sc)

	edges := newEdgesFromMatrix(matrix)
	sort.Slice(edges, func(i, j int) bool {
		return edges[i].weight < edges[j].weight
	})

	fmt.Println(solve(matrix))
}

func parseMatrix(n int, sc *bufio.Scanner) [][]int {
	matrix := make([][]int, n)
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		matrix[i] = make([]int, n)
		for j := 0; j < n; j++ {
			x, err := nextInt(sc)
			if err != nil {
				panic(err)
			}
			matrix[i][j] = x
		}
	}
	return matrix
}

func nextText(sc *bufio.Scanner) string {
	sc.Scan()
	return sc.Text()
}

func nextInt(sc *bufio.Scanner) (int, error) {
	return strconv.Atoi(nextText(sc))
}

C++: #include "bits/stdc++.h"

using namespace std;

using ll = long long;
using ld = long double;
using P = pair<string, int>;
constexpr ld EPS = 1e-12;
constexpr int INF = numeric_limits<int>::max() / 2;
constexpr int MOD = 1e9 + 7;

template <typename T>
void printv(const vector<T> &v)
{
    int sz = v.size();
    for (int i = 0; i < sz; i++)
    {
        cout << v[i] << " \n"[i == sz - 1];
    }
}

struct UnionFind
{
    vector<int> data;
    UnionFind(int size) : data(size, -1) {}
    bool unite(int x, int y)
    {
        x = root(x);
        y = root(y);
        if (x != y)
        {
            if (data[y] < data[x])
                swap(x, y);
            data[x] += data[y];
            data[y] = x;
        }
        return x != y;
    }
    bool find(int x, int y)
    {
        return root(x) == root(y);
    }
    int root(int x)
    {
        return data[x] < 0 ? x : data[x] = root(data[x]);
    }
    int size(int x)
    {
        return -data[root(x)];
    }
};

struct Edge
{
    int from, to, cost;
    Edge(int from, int to, int cost) : from(from), to(to), cost(cost) {}
};

bool operator<(const Edge &e, const Edge &f)
{
    return e.cost > f.cost;
}

int main()
{
    cin.tie(0);
    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);

    int n;
    cin >> n;
    priority_queue<Edge> es;
    int res = 0;
    UnionFind uf(n);
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
        for (int j = 0; j < n; j++)
        {
            int a;
            cin >> a;
            if (a == -1)
                continue;
            if (j <= i)
                continue;
            es.push(Edge{i, j, a});
        }
    }
    while (!es.empty())
    {
        Edge e = es.top();
        es.pop();
        if (uf.find(e.from, e.to))
            continue;
        res += e.cost;
        uf.unite(e.from, e.to);
    }
    cout << res << endl;
}

C++: #include<iostream>
using namespace std;
static const int MAX = 100;
static const int INFTY = (1<<21);
static const int WHITE = 0;
static const int GRAY = 1;
static const int BLACK = 2;

int n, M[MAX][MAX];

int prim(){
  int u, minv;
  int d[MAX],p[MAX],color[MAX];

  for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
    d[i]=INFTY;
    p[i]=-1;
    color[i]=WHITE;
  }
  d[0]=0;

  while (1)
  {
    minv=INFTY;
    u=-1;
    for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
      if(minv> d[i] && color[i] != BLACK){
        u=i;
        minv=d[i];
      }
    }
    if(u==-1)break;
    color[u]=BLACK;
    for(int v=0;v<n;v++){
      if(color[v]!=BLACK && M[u][v]!=INFTY){
        if(d[v]>M[u][v]){
          d[v]=M[u][v];
          p[v]=u;
          color[v]=GRAY;
        }
      }
    }
  }
  int sum =0;
  for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
    if(p[i]!=-1)sum+=M[i][p[i]];
  }
  return sum;
}

int main(){
  cin >> n;

  for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
    for(int j=0;j<n;j++){
      int e;
      cin >> e;
      M[i][j]=(e==-1) ? INFTY:e;
    }
  }
  cout << prim() << endl;
  return 0;
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <vector>
#include <deque>
#include <queue>
#include <list>
#include <stack>
#include <string>
#include <tuple>
#include <functional>
#include <numeric>
#include <cmath>
#include <iomanip>
#include <map>
#include <random>
#include <cstdlib>
#define INT_MAX 2147483647
#define INT_MIN -2147483646
#define Loop(i, n) for(int i = 0; i < (int)n; i++)
#define Loop1(i, n) for(int i = 1; i <= (int)n; i++)
#define Loopr(i, n) for(int i = (int)n - 1; i >= 0; i--)
#define Loopr1(i, n) for(int i = (int)n; i >= 1; i--)
using namespace std;
typedef long long int ll;
typedef vector<int> vi;
typedef vector<vector<int>> vvi;

static const int N = 105;

struct vertex {
	int id;
	int p;
	int d;
	bool operator<(const vertex & another) const {
		return (d != another.d ? d>another.d : id>another.id);
	}
};

int main() {
	vvi mx(N, vi(N, -1));
	int n;
	cin >> n;
	Loop(i, n) {
		Loop(j, n) {
			int a;
			cin >> a;
			mx[i][j] = a;
		}
	}
	
	vector<bool> color(N, 0);
	priority_queue<vertex> q;
	q.push({ 0,-1,0});
	int ret = 0;
	while(q.size() > 0) {
		vertex v = q.top();
		q.pop();
		if (color[v.id] == 1) continue;
		color[v.id] = 1;
		ret += v.d;
		Loop(j, n) {
			if (mx[v.id][j] != -1 && color[j] != 1){
				q.push({ j, v.id,mx[v.id][j] });
			}
		}
	}
	cout << ret << endl;
	return 0;
}