Go: // AOJ ALDS1_11_D: http://judge.u-aizu.ac.jp/onlinejudge/description.jsp?id=ALDS1_11_D

package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"container/list"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"strconv"
)

var nocolor = -1

type graph struct {
	graph  [][]int
	colors []int
}

func nextInt(sc *bufio.Scanner) int {
	sc.Scan()
	v, _ := strconv.Atoi(sc.Text())
	return v
}

func newGraph(nodeNum int) *graph {
	colors := make([]int, nodeNum)
	g := make([][]int, nodeNum)
	for i := 0; i < nodeNum; i++ {
		g[i] = []int{}
		colors[i] = nocolor
	}

	return &graph{g, colors}
}

func constructGraph(sc *bufio.Scanner) *graph {
	usersNum := nextInt(sc)
	linkNum := nextInt(sc)

	g := newGraph(usersNum)
	for i := 0; i < linkNum; i++ {
		u := nextInt(sc) // node
		l := nextInt(sc) // link node
		// edge each other
		g.graph[u] = append(g.graph[u], l)
		g.graph[l] = append(g.graph[l], u)
	}
	return g
}

func (g *graph) dfs(r, color int) {
	g.colors[r] = color

	stack := list.New()
	stack.PushFront(r)

	for stack.Len() > 0 {
		v := stack.Remove(stack.Front()).(int)
		for _, u := range g.graph[v] {
			if g.colors[u] == nocolor {
				g.colors[u] = color
				stack.PushFront(u)
			}
		}
	}
}

func (g *graph) assignColor() {
	color := 1
	for u := 0; u < len(g.graph); u++ {
		if g.colors[u] == nocolor {
			g.dfs(u, color)
			color++
		}
	}
}

func (g *graph) isLink(s, t int) bool {
	return g.colors[s] == g.colors[t]
}

func main() {
	sc := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	sc.Split(bufio.ScanWords)

	// construct graph and friendly colors
	g := constructGraph(sc)
	g.assignColor()

	// judge link
	q := nextInt(sc)
	for i := 0; i < q; i++ {
		s := nextInt(sc)
		t := nextInt(sc)

		if g.isLink(s, t) {
			fmt.Println("yes")
		} else {
			fmt.Println("no")
		}
	}
}

Python: def dfs(r, c):
    global color, G
    S = [r]
    color[r] = c
    while (0 < len(S)):
        u = S.pop()
        for u in G[u]:
            v = color[u]
            if (v == None):
                color[u] = c
                S.append(u)
 
def assignColor():
    global color, G, n
    c = 1
    for i in range(n):
        if (color[i] == None):
            dfs(i, c)
            c += 1
 
n, m = list(map(int, input().split()))
 
G = [None for i in range(n)]
for i in range(m):
    s, t = list(map(int, input().split()))
    G[s].append(t)
    G[t].append(s)
 
color = [False for i in range(n)]
 
assignColor()
 
q = int(input())

for i in range(q):
    s, t = list(map(int, input().split()))
    if (color[s] == color[t]):
        print("yes")
    else:
        print("no")

Python: 
def BFS(s = 0, group_num = 0):
    Q.pop(0)
    color[s] = 2
    for j in range(len(A[s])):
        if color[A[s][j]] == 0:
            Q.append(A[s][j])
            color[A[s][j]] = 1
            affil[A[s][j]] = group_num
    if len(Q) != 0:
        BFS(Q[0], group_num)

entry = map(int, raw_input().split())
n = entry[0]
m = entry[1]

A = range(n)
for i in A:
    A[i] = list()
for i in range(m):
    entry = map(int, raw_input().split())
    s = entry[0]
    t = entry[1]
    A[s].append(t)
    A[t].append(s)

color = [0] * n
affil = [0] * n
group_num = -1
for i in range(n):
    if color[i] == 0:
        Q = [i]
        group_num = group_num + 1
        affil[i] = group_num
        BFS(i, group_num)

q = int(raw_input())
for i in range(q):
    entry = map(int, raw_input().split())
    if affil[entry[0]] == affil[entry[1]]:
        print("yes")
    else:
        print("no")

Python: n, m = map(int, input().split())

adj = [[] for i in range(n)]

for i in range(m):
    s, t = map(int, input().split())
    adj[s].append(t)
    adj[t].append(s)

isVisited = [False] * n

CC = [None] * n

import sys
sys.setrecursionlimit(100000)

def dfs(u, group):
    isVisited[u] = True
    CC[u] = group
    for v in adj[u]:
        if not isVisited[v]:
            dfs(v, group)

def makeCC(group):
    for i in range(n):
        if not isVisited[i]:
            dfs(i, group)
            group += 1

def isConnected(v1, v2):
    if CC[v1] == CC[v2]:
        print('yes')
    else:
        print('no')


makeCC(0)


q = int(input())

for i in range(q):
    s, t = map(int, input().split())
    isConnected(s, t)

Python: n,m = map(int,raw_input().strip().split(' '))
graph = [[] for i in range(n)]
for i in range(m):
    s,t = map(int,raw_input().strip().split(' '))
    graph[s].append(t)
    graph[t].append(s)
 
color = {}
c = 0
for i in range(n):
    if not i in color:
        que = [i]
        color[i] = c
        if len(que) > 0:
         for j in range(len(que)):
            u = que[0]
            for v in graph[u]:
                if not v in color:
                    color[v] = c
                    que.append(v)
            del que[0]
        c += 1

Python: n,m = map(int,input().split(" "))

rank = [1]*n
dad = [i for i in range(n)]

def find(a):
    if a == dad[a]:
        return a
    else:
        dad[a] = find(dad[a])
        return dad[a]

for _ in range(m):
    a,b = map(int,input().split(" "))

    #find parents
    aP = find(a)
    bP = find(b)
    if aP == bP:
        continue

    aR = rank[aP]
    bR = rank[bP]

    if aR >= bR:
        dad[bP] = aP
        if rank[aP] == rank[bP]:
            rank[aP] += 1
            rank[bP] = rank[aP]
    else:
        dad[aP] = bP
        if rank[aP] == rank[bP]:
            rank[bP] += 1
            rank[aP] = rank[bP]

qN = int(input())
for _ in range(qN):
    a,b = map(int,input().split(" "))
    if find(a) == find(b):
        print("yes")
    else:
        print("no")

Python: from enum import Enum
import sys
import math

BIG_NUM = 2000000000
MOD = 1000000007
EPS = 0.000000001


V,E = map(int,input().split())

boss = [i for i in range(V)]
height = [0 for i in range(V)]

def get_boss(index):
    if index == boss[index]:
        return index
    else:
        boss[index] = get_boss(boss[index])
        return boss[index]


def is_same_group(a,b):
    return get_boss(a) == get_boss(b)

def unite(x,y):
    boss_x = get_boss(x)
    boss_y = get_boss(y)

    if boss_x == boss_y:
        return

    if height[x] > height[y]:

        boss[boss_y] = boss_x

    elif height[x] < height[y]:

        boss[boss_x] = boss_y

    else:
        boss[boss_y] = boss_x
        height[x] += 1


for loop in range(E):
    A,B = map(int,input().split())
    unite(A,B)

num_query = int(input())

for loop in range(num_query):
    A,B = map(int,input().split())
    if is_same_group(A,B) == True:
        print("yes")
    else:
        print("no")

Python: def scanu(t):
    a = list(map(t,input().split()))
    return a

def breathSerch(P,N,start,end):
    n=len(P)-1
    m=1
    QQ=[N[start]]
    while(QQ != []):
        R=[]
        for Q in QQ:
            for i in range(1,n+1):
                if Q[i]==1 and P[i]==-1:
                    if i == end:
                        return True
                    P[i]=m
                    R.append(N[i])

        QQ = R
        m=m+1
    return False

(n,m) = scanu(int)
A = [[0 for j in range(n+1)] for i in range(n+1)]
for i in range(m):
    (s,t)= scanu(int)
    A[s+1][t+1]=1
    A[t+1][s+1]=1

q = int(input())

for i in range(q):
    (s,t) = scanu(int)
    P=[-1 for i in range(n+1)]
    P[s+1]=0
    res = breathSerch(P,A,s+1,t+1)
    if res or P[t+1]!=-1:
        print("yes")
    else:
        print("no")