Go: package main

import (
	"container/list"
	"fmt"
	"bufio"
	"os"
	"strconv"
)

const (
	N   = 100
	INF = 1 << 21
)

var (
	n        int
	adj      [N][N]int
	distance [N]int
)

func BFS(start int) {
	q := list.New()
	q.PushBack(start)
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		distance[i] = INF
	}
	distance[start] = 0
	u := 0
	for q.Len() != 0 {
		u = q.Remove(q.Front()).(int)
		for v := 0; v < n; v++ {
			if adj[u][v] == 0 {
				continue
			}
			if distance[v] != INF {
				continue
			}
			distance[v] = distance[u] + 1
			q.PushBack(v)
		}
	}
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		var d int
		if distance[i] == INF {
			d = -1
		} else {
			d = distance[i]
		}
		fmt.Printf("%d %d\n", i+1, d)
	}
}

func main() {
	var u, k, v int
	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	scanner.Split(bufio.ScanWords)
	scanner.Scan()
	n, _ = strconv.Atoi(scanner.Text())
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		for j := 0; j < n; j++ {
			adj[i][j] = 0
		}
	}
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		scanner.Scan()
		u, _ = strconv.Atoi(scanner.Text())
		u -= 1
		scanner.Scan()
		k, _ = strconv.Atoi(scanner.Text())
		for j := 0; j < k; j++ {
			scanner.Scan()
			v, _ = strconv.Atoi(scanner.Text())
			v -= 1
			adj[u][v] = 1
		}
	}
	BFS(0)
}

C++: #include <stdio.h>

#define N 100     
#define SUCCESS 1 // 成功
#define FAILURE 0 // 失敗
#define INFTY 1 << 21 // 到達不可能を表す大きな値

int queue[N]; // キューの本体
int queue_head = 0; // データ先頭
int queue_num; // データ個数

int node_num, M[N][N];
int d[N]; // 距離で訪問状態(color)を管理する

int enqueue(int enq_data) // キューにデータを追加する
{
  if (queue_head + queue_num < N) {
    queue[queue_head + queue_num] = enq_data;
    queue_num++;
    return SUCCESS;
  } else {
    return FAILURE;
  }
}

int dequeue(int *deq_data) // キューからデータを取り出す
{
  if (queue_num > 0) {
    *deq_data = queue[queue_head];
    queue_num--;
    queue_head++;
    return SUCCESS;
  } else {
    return FAILURE;
  }
}

void bfs(int s) {
  enqueue(s); // 始点をキューに入れる
  for (int i = 1; i <= node_num; i++) d[i] = INFTY; // とりあえず全部INFTYにする
  d[s] = 0; // 始点から自分自身までの距離は0
  int u, p;
  while(queue_num > 0) { // キューが空でない間繰り返す
    u = queue[queue_head]; // キューの先頭からノードを取り出し，訪問
    dequeue(&p); // 同上
    for (int v = 1; v <= node_num; v++) {
        if (M[u][v] == 0) continue; // キュー先頭のノードとvが繋がってないならこのループは終了
        if (d[v] != INFTY) continue; // 既に距離を決めているならこのループは終了
        d[v] = d[u] + 1; // 次に訪問するノードまでの距離は，それまでの距離+1
        enqueue(v); // uに繋がっているノードは将来訪問しないといけない
    }
  }
  for (int i = 1; i <= node_num; i++) { // 表示部
    printf("%d %d\n", i, d[i]);
  }
}

// mainの流れはdfsと同じ(隣接行列の初期化→隣接行列にノード間の接続関係を登録→bfsを呼び出す)
int main(void)
{
  int u, v, k, i, j;
  
  scanf("%d", &node_num);
  for (i = 0; i <= node_num; i++) {
    for(j = 0; j <= node_num; j++) M[i][j] = 0;
  }

  for (i = 0; i < node_num; i++) {
    scanf("%d %d", &u, &k);
    for (j = 0; j < k; j++) {
      scanf("%d", &v);
      M[u][v] = 1;
    }
  }

  bfs(1);
  
  return 0;
}

C++: #include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main(){
  int n,lis[111][111]={},d[111];
  for(int i=0;i<111;i++)d[i]=-1;
  cin>>n;
  for(int c=0;c<n;c++){
    int u,k,v;
    cin>>u>>k;
    for(int i=0;i<k;i++){
      cin>>v;
      lis[u][v]=1;
    }
  }
  queue< pair<int,int> > q;
  q.push(make_pair(1,0));
  while(!q.empty()){
    int from=q.front().first;
    int m=q.front().second;
    q.pop();
    if(d[from]==-1){
      d[from]=m;
      for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
	if(lis[from][i])q.push(make_pair(i,m+1));
      }
    }
  }
  for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)cout<<i<<" "<<d[i]<<endl;
  return 0;
}

C++: #include "stdafx.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <queue>
#include <stdio.h>
#define REP(i, n) for(int i = 0;i < n;i++)

using namespace std;

static const int N = 100;
static const int INFTY = (1 << 21);

int n, M[N][N];
int d[N];

void bfs(int s)
{
	queue<int>	q;
	q.push(s);
	REP(i, n)
		d[i] = INFTY;
	d[s] = 0;
	int u;

	while (!q.empty)
	{
		u = q.front();
		q.pop();
		REP(v, n)
		{
			if (M[u][v] == 0)
				continue;
			if (d[v] != INFTY)
				continue;
			d[v] = d[u]++;
			q.push(v);
		}
	}
	REP(i, n)
		cout << i++ << " " << ((d[i] == INFTY) ? (-1) : d[i]) << endl;
}

int main()
{
	int u, k, v;

	cin >> n;

	REP(i, n)
	{
		REP(j, n)
			M[n][n] = 0;
	}

	REP(i, n)
	{
		cin >> u >> k;
		u--;
		REP(i, k)
		{
			cin >> v;
			v--;
			M[u][v] = 1;
		}
	}

	bfs(0);
	return 0;
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <queue>
#include <algorithm>

using namespace std;

int n;
int adja[101][101];
int len[101];

void bfs() {
    queue<int> q;
    q.push(1);
    int d = 0;
    fill(len, &len[101], -1);
    while(!q.empty()) {
        for (int k = 0, size = q.size(); k < size; ++k) {
            int t = q.front();
            q.pop();
            if (len[t] > 0)
                continue;
            len[t] = d;
            for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) {
                if (adja[t][i] && len[i] < 0)
                    q.push(i);
            }
        }
        d++;
    }
}

int main() {
    int u, k, v;
    cin >> n;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
        cin >> u >> k;
        while (k--) {
            cin >> v;
            adja[u][v] = 1;
        }
    }
    bfs();
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) {
        cout << i << " " << len[i] << endl;
    }

    return 0;
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstring>
#include <cmath>
#include <map>
#include <set>
#include <vector>
#include <stack>
#include <queue>
#include <bitset>
#include <algorithm>
#include <numeric>
#include <functional>
using namespace std;

#define Rep(b, e, i) for(int i = b; i <= e; i++)
#define Repr(e, b, i) for(int i = e; i >= b; i--)
#define rep(n, i) Rep(0, n-1, i)
#define repr(n, i) Repr(n-1, 0, i)
#define all(v) (v).begin(), (v).end()
#define pb(v) push_back(v)
#define uniq(v) (v).erase(unique(all(v)),(v).end())
#define bitcnt(x) __builtin_popcount(x)
#define fst first
#define snd second
#define Pqaz(T) priority_queue<T,vector<T>,greater<T>>
#define Pqza(T) priority_queue<T>
#define ENJYU std::ios::sync_with_stdio(false);std::cin.tie(0);

typedef long long ll;
typedef pair<ll, ll> llP;
typedef pair<int, int> intP;

//vector の中身を出力
template <class T>ostream &operator<<(ostream &o,const vector<T>&v)
{o<<"{";for(int i=0;i<(int)v.size();i++)o<<(i>0?", ":"")<<v[i];o<<"}";return o;}

const int MAX = 128;

vector <int> adj[MAX];
int d[MAX];

void solve(void){
	ENJYU;
	int N;
	cin >> N;
	rep(N, i) {
		int u, k;
		cin >> u >> k;
		u--;
		rep(k, i) {
			int v;
			cin >> v;
			v--;
			adj[u].pb(v);
		}
	}
	memset(d, -1, sizeof(d));
	queue <int> q;
	q.push(0);
	d[0] = 0;
	while (!q.empty()) {
		int n = q.front();
		q.pop();
		for (int nv : adj[n]) {
			if (d[nv] >= 0) {
				d[nv] = min(d[nv], d[n] + 1);
				continue;
			}
			d[nv] = d[n] + 1;
			q.push(nv);
		}
	}

	rep(N, i) cout << i+1 << ' ' << d[i] << endl;

}

int main(void){
	solve();
	//cout << "yui(*-v・)yui" << endl;
	return 0;
}

C++: #include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

typedef long long ll;
typedef pair<ll, ll> P;

#define pb push_back
#define rep(i, n) for(int i = 0; i < (n); i++)
#define FOR(i, a, n) for(int i = a; i < (n); i++)
#define mod (ll)(1e9+7)
#define int ll

__attribute__((constructor))
void initial() {
  cin.tie(0);
  ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
}

static const int N = 100;
static const int no = -1;

ll graph[N][N] = {0}, d[N] = {0}, n;

void bfs(int v) {
  queue<int> q;
  q.push(v);
  ll u;
  for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) d[i] = no;
  d[v] = 0;
  while(!q.empty()) {
    u = q.front(); q.pop();
    for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
      if((graph[u][i] == 0) || (d[i] != no)) continue;
      d[i] = d[u] + 1;
      q.push(i);
    }
  }
}

signed main() {
	ll u, v, k;
  cin >> n;
  rep(i, n) {
    cin >> u >> k;
    rep(j, k) {
      cin >> v;
      graph[u][v] = 1;
    }
  }

  bfs(1);

  for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
    cout << i << " " << d[i] << endl;
  }

	return 0;
}