Go: package main

import (
	"container/list"
	"fmt"
	"bufio"
	"os"
	"strconv"
)

const (
	N   = 100
	INF = 1 << 21
)

var (
	n        int
	adj      [N][N]int
	distance [N]int
)

func BFS(start int) {
	q := list.New()
	q.PushBack(start)
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		distance[i] = INF
	}
	distance[start] = 0
	u := 0
	for q.Len() != 0 {
		u = q.Remove(q.Front()).(int)
		for v := 0; v < n; v++ {
			if adj[u][v] == 0 {
				continue
			}
			if distance[v] != INF {
				continue
			}
			distance[v] = distance[u] + 1
			q.PushBack(v)
		}
	}
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		var d int
		if distance[i] == INF {
			d = -1
		} else {
			d = distance[i]
		}
		fmt.Printf("%d %d\n", i+1, d)
	}
}

func main() {
	var u, k, v int
	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	scanner.Split(bufio.ScanWords)
	scanner.Scan()
	n, _ = strconv.Atoi(scanner.Text())
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		for j := 0; j < n; j++ {
			adj[i][j] = 0
		}
	}
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		scanner.Scan()
		u, _ = strconv.Atoi(scanner.Text())
		u -= 1
		scanner.Scan()
		k, _ = strconv.Atoi(scanner.Text())
		for j := 0; j < k; j++ {
			scanner.Scan()
			v, _ = strconv.Atoi(scanner.Text())
			v -= 1
			adj[u][v] = 1
		}
	}
	BFS(0)
}

C++: //
//
//  algoC.cpp - created by us162022
//
#include <iostream>
#include <queue>
using namespace std;
struct Node{
  int u,k,v[99];
  int distance;
};

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
  int n;
  Node node[100];
  queue<Node> que;

  cin >> n;

  for(int i=0; i<n; i++){
    cin >> node[i].u >> node[i].k;

    for(int j=0; j<node[i].k; j++)
      cin >> node[i].v[j];

    node[i].distance=-1;
  }

  node[0].distance = 0;
  que.push(node[0]);

  while(!que.empty()){
    Node fro = que.front();

    for(int i=0; i<fro.k; i++){
      int x = fro.v[i]-1;
  
      if(node[x].distance==-1)
	    node[x].distance = fro.distance+1;

      que.push(node[x]);
    }

    que.pop();
  }

  for(int i=0; i<n; i++)
    cout << node[i].u << " " << node[i].distance << endl;

}

C++: #include <bits/stdc++.h>

#define REP(i, n) for(int i=0;i<(int)(n);i++)
#define ALL(x) (x).begin(),(x).end()
const int INF = 1e9;

using namespace std;
int adj[105][105] = {0};
int res[105] = {0};
int n;

int main() {
    cin >> n;
    REP(i, n){
        int u, k;
        cin >> u >> k;
        REP(j, k) {
            int tmp;
            cin >> tmp;
            adj[u-1][tmp-1] = 1;
        }
        res[i] = INF;
    }
    res[0] = 0;
    REP(i, n) REP(j, n)
        if(adj[i][j] != 0)
            res[j] = min(res[j], res[i]+1);

    REP(i, n){
        if(res[i] != INF)
            cout << i+1 << " " << res[i] << endl;
        else
            cout << i+1 << " -1" << endl;
    }
    return 0;
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <stack>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cmath>
#include <climits>
#include <cstring>
#include <queue>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

const double PI = 3.14159265358979;

int G[101][101];
bool visited[101];
int timex[101][2];
int deep[101];
int now_time = 1;
int n;

void dfs(int node) {

	if (!visited[node]) {
		visited[node] = 1;
		timex[node][0] = now_time++;
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)	{
			if (G[node][i] && visited[i] == 0) {
				dfs(i);
			}
		}
		timex[node][1] = now_time++;
	}
}

void dfs_stack(int node) {

	stack<int> st;
	st.push(node);
	visited[node] = 1;
	timex[node][0] = now_time++;
	while (!st.empty()) {
		int ver = st.top();

		bool flag = false;
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)	{
			if (G[ver][i] && visited[i] == 0) {
				visited[i] = 1;
				timex[i][0] = now_time++;
				st.push(i);
				flag = true;
				break;
			}
		}
		if (!flag) {
			timex[ver][1] = now_time++;
			st.pop();
		}
	}
}

void bfs(int node, bool reach) {

	queue<int> Q;
	visited[node] = 1;
	if (!reach) deep[node] = -1;
	Q.push(node);

	while (!Q.empty()) {

		int top = Q.front();
		Q.pop();
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)	{
			if (G[top][i] && !visited[i]) {
				Q.push(i);
				visited[i] = 1;
				if (reach)
					deep[i] = deep[top] + 1;
				else
					deep[i] = -1;
			}
		}
	}
}


int main() {
	
	cin >> n;

	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)	{
		int id, degree;
		cin >> id >> degree;
		for (int j = 0; j < degree; j++) {
			int idx; cin >> idx;
			G[id - 1][idx - 1] = 1;
		}
	}

	bool first = true;
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
		if (!visited[i]) {
			bfs(i, first);
			first = false;
		}
	}
	

	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
		cout << i + 1 << " " << deep[i] << endl;
	}


	return 0;
}

C++: #include<iostream>
#include<queue>
using namespace std;
static const int N=100;
static const int infty=(1<<21);

int n,m[N][N];
int d[N];

void bfs(int s)
{
  queue<int> q;
  q.push(s);
  for(int i=0;i<n;i++) d[i]=infty;
  d[s]=0;
  int u;

  while(!q.empty())
  {
    u=q.front(); q.pop();
    for(int v=0;v<n;v++)
    {
      if(m[u][v]==0) continue;
      if(d[v]!=infty) continue;
      d[v]=d[u]+1;
      q.push(v);
    }
  }
  for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
  {
    cout<<i+1<<" "<<((d[i]==infty)?(-1):d[i]) <<endl;
  }
}

int main()
{
  //入力
  int u,k,v;
  cin>>n;
  for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
  for(int j=0;j<n;j++) m[i][j]=0;

  for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
  {
    cin>>u>>k;
    u--;
    for(int j=0;j<k;j++)
    {
      cin>>v;
      v--;
      m[u][v]=1;
    }
  }

  bfs(0);

}