Go: package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"strconv"
)

type AdjacentList struct {
	matrix [][]int
}

func NewEmptyAdjacentList(dim int) *AdjacentList {
	matrix := make([][]int, dim)
	for i := 0; i < dim; i++ {
		matrix[i] = make([]int, dim)
	}
	return &AdjacentList{matrix: matrix}
}

func (al *AdjacentList) set(node int, adjacent int) {
	al.matrix[node-1][adjacent-1] = 1
}

func (al *AdjacentList) findAdjacentsFor(node int) []int {
	adjacents := []int{}
	for i, v := range al.matrix[node-1] {
		if v == 1 {
			adjacents = append(adjacents, i+1)
		}
	}
	return adjacents
}

type DistanceList struct {
	list []int
}

func NewDistanceList(dim int) *DistanceList {
	list := make([]int, dim)
	for i := 0; i < dim; i++ {
		list[i] = -1
	}
	return &DistanceList{list: list}
}

func (dl *DistanceList) set(node int, distance int) {
	dl.list[node-1] = distance
}

func (dl *DistanceList) get(node int) int {
	return dl.list[node-1]
}

func (dl *DistanceList) isVisited(node int) bool {
	return dl.list[node-1] >= 0
}

type Position struct {
	node     int
	distance int
}

func main() {
	sc := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	sc.Split(bufio.ScanWords)

	dim, err := nextInt(sc)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	al := NewEmptyAdjacentList(dim)

	for i := 1; i <= dim; i++ {
		node, err := nextInt(sc)
		if err != nil {
			panic(err)
		}

		adjacentNum, err := nextInt(sc)
		if err != nil {
			panic(err)
		}
		for j := 0; j < adjacentNum; j++ {
			adjacent, err := nextInt(sc)
			if err != nil {
				panic(err)
			}
			al.set(node, adjacent)
		}
	}

	dl := NewDistanceList(dim)

	bfs(al, dl)

	for i := 1; i <= dim; i++ {
		fmt.Printf("%d %d\n", i, dl.get(i))
	}
}

func bfs(al *AdjacentList, dl *DistanceList) {
	stack := []Position{Position{node: 1, distance: 0}}
	for len(stack) > 0 {
		currentPosition := stack[0]
		stack = stack[1:]
		if !dl.isVisited(currentPosition.node) {
			dl.set(currentPosition.node, currentPosition.distance)
		}
		for _, v := range al.findAdjacentsFor(currentPosition.node) {
			if !dl.isVisited(v) {
				stack = append(stack, Position{node: v, distance: currentPosition.distance + 1})
			}
		}
	}
}

func nextInt(sc *bufio.Scanner) (int, error) {
	sc.Scan()
	return strconv.Atoi(sc.Text())
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <queue>

using namespace std;

#define MAX 101

int d[MAX],visited[MAX];
vector<int> G[MAX];
queue<int> Q;

int main(){
  int n; cin >> n;
  for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
    int u,k; cin >> u >> k;
    for(int i=0;i<k;i++){
      int v; cin >> v;
      G[u].push_back(v);
    }
  }
  //bread first search
  for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
    visited[i]=0;
    d[i]=-1;
  }
  visited[1]=1;
  d[1]=0;
  Q.push(1);
  while(!(Q.empty())){
    int u=Q.front(); Q.pop();
    for(int v=0;v<G[u].size();v++){
      if(visited[G[u][v]]==0){
        visited[G[u][v]]=1;
        d[G[u][v]]=d[u]+1;
        Q.push(G[u][v]);
      }
    }
  }
  for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
    cout << i << " " << d[i] << endl;
  }
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <cstring>
#include <queue>

using namespace std;

int n;
int g[101][101] = {};
int sp[101] = {};


void bfs(){

  queue<int> q;
  q.push(1);

  while( !q.empty() ){
    int v = q.front(); q.pop();
    for(int i=1; i<=n; i++){
      if(g[v][i] == 1 && sp[i] == -1){
	q.push(i);
	sp[i] = sp[v]+1;
      }
    }
  }
}


int main(){

  memset(g,0,sizeof(g));
  memset(sp,-1,sizeof(sp));
  cin >> n;
  sp[1] = 0;

  for(int i=1; i<=n; i++){
    int u,v,k;
    cin >> u >> k;
    for(int j=0; j<k; j++){
      cin >> v;
      g[u][v] = 1;
    }
  }

  bfs();

  for(int i=1; i<=n; i++)
    cout << i << " " << sp[i] << endl;

}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include<string>
#include<cmath>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cctype>
#include<queue>
#include<stack>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<vector>
#include<set>
#include<map>
#include<array>
#include<iomanip>
#define rep(i,n) for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
using namespace std;
int INF = (1<<29);
int ms[100][100],n;
int d[100];


void dfs(int a){
    rep(i,n){
        d[i]=INF;
    }
    queue<int> q;
    q.push(a);
    d[a]=0;
    while(!q.empty()){
        int b=q.front();q.pop();
        for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
            if(ms[b][i]!=0&&d[i]==INF){
                d[i]=d[b]+1;
                q.push(i);
                
            }
        }
    }
    
    
    
    rep(i,n){
        cout<<i+1<<" "<<(d[i]==INF?-1:d[i])<<endl;
    }
}


int main(){
    cin>>n;
    rep(i,n){
        int a,b,c;
        cin>>a>>b;
        a--;
        rep(j,b){
            cin>>c;
            c--;
            ms[a][c]=1;
        }
    }
    
    dfs(0);
    return 0;

    
}