Go: package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
)

var distance []int

type queue struct {
	q    []int
	head int
	tail int
}

func (q *queue) push(n int) {
	q.q[q.tail] = n
	q.tail++
}

func (q *queue) pop() int {
	q.head++
	return q.q[q.head-1]
}

func (q *queue) isEmpty() bool {
	return q.head == q.tail
}

func makeAdjList() [][]int {
	var n int
	fmt.Scanf("%d", &n)

	adj := make([][]int, n)
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		adj[i] = make([]int, n)
	}

	sc := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		sc.Scan()
		nodeInfo := strings.Split(sc.Text(), " ")
		outDegree, _ := strconv.Atoi(nodeInfo[1])

		if outDegree > 0 {
			for k := 0; k < outDegree; k++ {
				j, _ := strconv.Atoi(nodeInfo[k+2])
				j-- // convert 1 based to 0 based
				adj[i][j] = 1
			}
		}
	}

	return adj
}

func bfs(graph [][]int, s int) {
	distance = make([]int, len(graph))

	infty := -1
	for i := 0; i < len(distance); i++ {
		distance[i] = infty
	}
	distance[s] = 0

	q := &queue{make([]int, 1000), 0, 0}
	q.push(s)

	for !q.isEmpty() {
		u := q.pop()
		for i := 0; i < len(graph); i++ {
			if graph[u][i] == 0 {
				continue // u, i間に辺がない場合
			}
			if distance[i] != infty {
				continue // 訪問済みの場合
			}
			// 訪問するnodeの始点からの距離を設定し、訪問キューに入れる
			distance[i] = distance[u] + 1
			q.push(i)
		}
	}

	// print distance
	for i, d := range distance {
		fmt.Printf("%d %d\n", i+1, d)
	}
}

func main() {
	adj := makeAdjList()
	bfs(adj, 0)
}

Python: from collections import deque
Q=deque()
n=int(input())
graph={}
d=[0 for i in range(n+1)]

for i in range(n):
    tmp=list(map(int,input().split()))
    graph[tmp[0]]=[0 for j in range(n+1)]
    for j in range(tmp[1]):
        graph[tmp[0]][tmp[2+j]]=1

Q.append(1)
while len(Q) is not 0:
    number=Q[0]
    if 1 in graph[number]:
        for i in range(graph[number].count(1)):
            Q.append(graph[number].index(1))
            if d[graph[number].index(1)] is 0:
                d[graph[number].index(1)]=d[number]+1
            graph[number][graph[number].index(1)]=0
        
    Q.popleft()

for i in range(n):
    if i==0:
        print(i+1,0)
    else:
        if d[i+1]==0:
            print(i+1,-1)
        else:
            print(i+1,d[i+1])

Python: def srch(i, l, Lng, Dst):
    if Lng[i] > l:
        Lng[i] = l

    if Dst[i] is not None and len(Dst[i]) > 0:
        while len(Dst[i]):
            c = Dst[i].pop()
            srch(c,l+1, Lng, Dst)

def main():
    num = int(input())
    Dst = [None for i in range(num + 1)]
    Lng = [999] * (num + 1)
    
    for n in range(1, num+1):
        a = list(map(int,input().split()))
        u = a[0]
        if a[1] > 0:
            Dst[u] = a[2:]

    srch(1, 0, Lng, Dst)

    for n in range(1, num+1):
        l = Lng[n]
        if l > num:
            l = -1
        print("{} {}".format(n,l))

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

Python: if __name__ == '__main__':
    n = int(input())
    graph = [[0 for i in range(n)] for _ in range(n)]
    frist = [0 for _ in range(n)]
    end = [0 for _ in range(n)]
    visit = [False for _ in range(n)]
    # get the group
    for i in range(n):
        datas = [int(num) for num in input().split(' ')]
        if datas[1] > 0:
            for j in datas[2:]:
                graph[datas[0] - 1][j - 1] = 1

    queue = [0]
    visit = [False for _ in range(n)]
    visit[0] = True
    depths = [0 for _ in range(n)]
    while len(queue) != 0:
        point = queue.pop(0)
        for i in range(n):
            if graph[point][i] == 1 and visit[i] is False:
                queue.append(i)
                visit[i] = True
                depths[i] = depths[point] + 1
        if len(queue) == 0:
            for i in range(n):
                if visit[i] is False:
                    queue.append(i)
                    depths[i] = -1
                    visit[i] = True

    for i in range(n):
        print('%d %d' % (i + 1, depths[i]))

Python: import collections
N = int(input())
P = [[0 for _ in range(N)] for _ in range(N)] 
for i in range(N):
    u,k,*varray = map(int,input().split()) # u,k は数, varray は配列
    for v in varray:
        P[u-1][v-1] = 1    

D = [-1 for _ in range(N)]
D[0] = 0 # 始点への距離は 0, 他の距離は-1
Q = collections.deque()
Q.append(0)
while len(Q) > 0:
    c = Q.popleft()
    for i in range(N):
        if P[c][i]==1 and D[i]==-1:
            D[i] = D[c]+1
            Q.append(i)
for v in range(N):
    print(v+1, D[v])

Python: from collections import deque

n = int(input())
G = []
checked = [False for i in range(n + 1)]
d = [-1 for i in range(n + 1)]
G.append([])
for i in range(n):
    u, k, *v = map(int, input().split())
    G.append(v)

q = deque()
q.append(1)
d[1] = 0

while q:
    current = q.pop()
    for adj in G[current]:
        if not checked[adj]:
            q.append(adj)
            checked[adj] = True
            d[adj] = d[current] + 1

for id in range(1, n + 1):
    print("{0} {1}".format(id, d[id]))

Python: n = int(input())
G = [[] for _ in range(n)]
for _ in range(n):
    u, k, *v = [int(i) for i in input().split()]
    G[u - 1] = v
NIL = 100
Q = [[1, 0]]
F = []
D = [NIL for _ in range(n)]
while Q != []:
    u, d = Q.pop(0)
    if d < D[u-1]:
        D[u-1] = d
    if u not in F:
        F.append(u)
    for v in G[u-1]:
        if v not in F:
            Q.append([v, d+1])
'''
for ni in range(1, n):
    Q = [[ni+1, 0]]
    F = []
    while Q != []:
        u, d = Q.pop(0)
        if u == 1 and d < D[ni]:
            D[ni] = d
        if u not in F:
            F.append(u)
        for v in G[u-1]:
            if v not in F:
                Q.append([v, d+1])
'''
for ni in range(n):
    if D[ni] == NIL:
        print(ni+1, -1)
    else:
        print(ni+1, D[ni])

Python: from collections import deque

n = int(input())

g = [[] for _ in range(n)]
for _ in range(n):
    u, k, *V = list(map(int, input().split()))
    V.sort()
    for v in V:
        g[u-1].append(v-1)
        # g[v-1].append(u-1)
d = [-1] * n
d[0] = 0

que = deque([])
que.append(0)
while que:
    v = que.popleft()
    for i in g[v]:
        if d[i] == -1:
            d[i] = d[v] + 1
            que.append(i)

for i in range(n):
    print(f'{i+1} {d[i]}')

Python: # https://onlinejudge.u-aizu.ac.jp/problems/ALDS1_11_C

from collections import deque


class Data:
    def __init__(self, index, depth):
        super().__init__()
        self.index = index
        self.depth = depth


if __name__ == "__main__":
    n = int(input())
    d = {}
    for _ in range(n):
        u, k, *li = list(map(int, input().split()))
        d[u] = li

    queue = deque()

    result = {}
    for i in range(n):
        result[i+1] = -1

    depth = 0
    queue = deque()
    queue.appendleft(Data(index=1, depth=0))
    while queue:
        data = queue.pop()
        index = data.index
        depth = data.depth
        if result[index] != -1:
            continue
        result[index] = depth

        for child in d[index]:
            queue.appendleft(Data(index=child, depth=depth+1))

    for k, v in result.items():
        print(k, v)

Python: def bfs(G, s):
    d = {key: -1 for key in G.keys()}
    d[s] = 0
    Q = [s]
    while len(Q) > 0:
        u = Q.pop(0)
        for v in G[u]:
            if d[v] < 0:
                d[v] = d[u] + 1
                Q.append(v)

    return d


if __name__ == '__main__':
    G = {}
    n = int(input())
    for _ in range(n):
        tmp = list(map(int, input().split()))
        u = tmp.pop(0)
        k = tmp.pop(0)
        G[u] = tmp
    d = bfs(G, 1)
    for node in G:
        print('{0} {1}'.format(node, d[node]))

Python: from collections import deque

def bfs():
	que=deque([])
	que.append(0)
	v[0]=0
	
	while que:
		p=que.popleft()
		for l in L[p]:
			if v[l-1]==-1:
				que.append(l-1)
				v[l-1]=v[p]+1
	
n=int(input())
L=[]
for i in range(n):
	A=[]
	A=list(map(int,input().split()))
	L.append(A[2:])
v=[-1]*n
bfs()
for i in range(n):
	print(i+1,v[i])