Go: // AOJ ALDS1_11_D: http://judge.u-aizu.ac.jp/onlinejudge/description.jsp?id=ALDS1_11_D

package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"container/list"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"strconv"
)

var nocolor = -1

type graph struct {
	graph  [][]int
	colors []int
}

func nextInt(sc *bufio.Scanner) int {
	sc.Scan()
	v, _ := strconv.Atoi(sc.Text())
	return v
}

func newGraph(nodeNum int) *graph {
	colors := make([]int, nodeNum)
	g := make([][]int, nodeNum)
	for i := 0; i < nodeNum; i++ {
		g[i] = []int{}
		colors[i] = nocolor
	}

	return &graph{g, colors}
}

func constructGraph(sc *bufio.Scanner) *graph {
	usersNum := nextInt(sc)
	linkNum := nextInt(sc)

	g := newGraph(usersNum)
	for i := 0; i < linkNum; i++ {
		u := nextInt(sc) // node
		l := nextInt(sc) // link node
		// edge each other
		g.graph[u] = append(g.graph[u], l)
		g.graph[l] = append(g.graph[l], u)
	}
	return g
}

func (g *graph) dfs(r, color int) {
	g.colors[r] = color

	stack := list.New()
	stack.PushFront(r)

	for stack.Len() > 0 {
		v := stack.Remove(stack.Front()).(int)
		for _, u := range g.graph[v] {
			if g.colors[u] == nocolor {
				g.colors[u] = color
				stack.PushFront(u)
			}
		}
	}
}

func (g *graph) assignColor() {
	color := 1
	for u := 0; u < len(g.graph); u++ {
		if g.colors[u] == nocolor {
			g.dfs(u, color)
			color++
		}
	}
}

func (g *graph) isLink(s, t int) bool {
	return g.colors[s] == g.colors[t]
}

func main() {
	sc := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	sc.Split(bufio.ScanWords)

	// construct graph and friendly colors
	g := constructGraph(sc)
	g.assignColor()

	// judge link
	q := nextInt(sc)
	for i := 0; i < q; i++ {
		s := nextInt(sc)
		t := nextInt(sc)

		if g.isLink(s, t) {
			fmt.Println("yes")
		} else {
			fmt.Println("no")
		}
	}
}

C++: #include <stdio.h>
#include <algorithm>
#include <queue>

using namespace std;

struct Info{
	Info(){s = t = -1;}
	Info(int tmp_s,int tmp_t){
		s = tmp_s;
		t = tmp_t;
	}
	int s;
	int t;
};

class Relation{
public:
	Relation(int tmp_n,int tmp_m){
		n = tmp_n;
		m = tmp_m;
		global = new Info[m];
		each = new int*[n];
		each_index = new int[n];
		num_of_each = new int[n];
		went = new int[n];
		for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
			each_index[i] = 0;
			num_of_each[i] = 0;
			went[i] = 0;
		}
		global_index = 0;
	}

	void push(int s,int t){
		global[global_index++] = Info(s,t);
		num_of_each[s]++;
		num_of_each[t]++;
	}

	void allocate(){
		for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
			if(num_of_each[i] > 0){
				each[i] = new int[num_of_each[i]];
			}
		}
		Info tmp;
		for(int i=0;i<m;i++){
			tmp = global[i];
			each[tmp.s][each_index[tmp.s]++] = tmp.t;
			each[tmp.t][each_index[tmp.t]++] = tmp.s;
		}
	}


	void recursive(int s,int t,bool& FLG){
		went[s] = 1;
		for(int i=0;i<num_of_each[s];i++){
			if(each[s][i] == t){
				FLG = true;
				return;
			}
			else if(went[each[s][i]] == 0){
				recursive(each[s][i],t,FLG);
			}
		}
	}

	bool canAccsess(int s,int t){
		for(int i=0;i<n;i++)went[i]=0;
		bool FLG =false;
		recursive(s,t,FLG);
		if(FLG){
			return true;
		}
		else{
			return false;
		}
	}

private:
	Info* global;
	int** each;
	int* each_index;
	int* num_of_each;
	int global_index,n,m;
	int* went;
};

int main(){
	int n,m,s,t,q;
	scanf("%d %d",&n,&m);

	Relation relation(n,m);
	for(int i=0;i<m;i++){
		scanf("%d %d",&s,&t);
		relation.push(s,t);
	}
	relation.allocate();
	scanf("%d",&q);
	for(int i=0;i<q;i++){
		scanf("%d %d",&s,&t);
		if(relation.canAccsess(s,t)){
			printf("yes\n");
		}else{
			printf("no\n");
		}
	}
    return 0;
}

C++: #include<iostream>
#include<vector>
using namespace std;

int main(){
	int n,m,q,i,j;
	int s,t;
	vector<int> L(100005,-1);
	cin >> n >> m;
	
	for (j=0;j<n;j++){
		L[j]=j;
	}
	
	for (i=0;i<m;i++){
		cin >> s >> t ;
		if (L[s]!=L[t]){
			int a=L[t];
			for (j=0;j<n;j++){
				if (L[j]==a){
					L[j]=L[s];
				}
			}
		}
	}
	
	cin >> q;
	for (i=0;i<q;i++){
		cin >> s >> t;
		if (L[s]==L[t]){
			cout << "yes" <<endl;
		}else{
			cout << "no" <<endl;
		}
	}
	
	for (i=0;i<n;i++){
		cout << L[i] << endl;
	} 
	
	return 0;
}

C++: #include <bits/stdc++.h>

using namespace std;

typedef long long ll;

const int INF = 1e9;

vector<vector<int> > g;
vector<int> ids;

void rec(int v, int id)
{
  int n = g[v].size();
  ids[v] = id;
  for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
    if (ids[g[v][i]] == -1) {
      rec(g[v][i], id);
    }
  }
}

int main()
{
  int n, m;
  fscanf(stdin, "%d %d", &n, &m);
  g = vector<vector<int> >(n);
  ids = vector<int>(n, -1);
  for (int i = 0; i < m; ++i) {
    int s, t;
    fscanf(stdin, "%d %d", &s, &t);
    g[s].push_back(t);
    g[t].push_back(s);
  }
  int id = 0;
  for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
    if (ids[i] == -1) {
      rec(i, id);
      ++id;
    }
  }
  int q;
  fscanf(stdin, "%d", &q);
  for (int i = 0; i < q; ++i) {
    int s, t;
    fscanf(stdin, "%d %d", &s, &t);
    fprintf(stdout, "%s\n", ids[s] == ids[t] ? "yes" : "no");
  }
  return 0;
}

C++: #include <bits/stdc++.h>

using namespace std;

#define MAX 100010

class Union_Find{
public:
  int par[MAX],rank[MAX],size[MAX],gnum;
  Union_Find(int N){
    gnum = N;
    for(int i = 0 ; i < N ; i++){
      par[i] = i;
      rank[i] = 0;
      size[i] = 1;
    }
  }

  int find(int x){
    if(par[x] == x){
      return x;
    }
    return par[x] = find(par[x]);
  }

  void unite(int x,int y){
    x = find(x);
    y = find(y);
    if(x == y){ return; }
    if(rank[x] < rank[y]){
      par[x] = y;
      size[y] += size[x];
    }else{
      par[y] = x;
      size[x] += size[y];
      if(rank[x] == rank[y]){
        rank[x]++;
      }
    }
    gnum--;
  }

  bool same(int x,int y){
    return find(x) == find(y);
  }

  int getSize(int x){
    return size[find(x)];
  }

  int groups(){
    return gnum;
  }
};

int main(){
  int N,M,Q,a,b;
  cin >> N >> M;
  Union_Find uf(N);
  for(int i = 0 ; i < M ; i++){
    cin >> a >> b;
    uf.unite(a,b);
  }
  cin >> Q;
  while(Q--){
    cin >> a >> b;
    cout << (uf.same(a,b) ? "yes" : "no") << endl;
  }
  return 0;
}

C++: #include<iostream>
#include<vector>
using namespace std;

bool DFS(const vector<vector<int> >& G,
         vector<bool>& is_visited, int a, int b, int i) {
    if (a == b) return true;
    if (i >= G[a].size()) return false;
    if (!is_visited[G[a][i]]) {
        is_visited[G[a][i]] = true;
        return DFS(G, is_visited, G[a][i], b, 0);
    }
    return DFS(G, is_visited, a, b, i + 1);
}

int main(){
    int n, m;
    cin >> n >> m;

    vector<vector<int> > G(n);
    for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) {
        int a, b;
        cin >> a >> b;
        G[a].push_back(b);
        G[b].push_back(a);
    }
// 
// for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
//     cout << i << " : ";
//     for (int j = 0; j < G[i].size(); j++){
//         cout << G[i][j] << " ";
//     }
//     cout << endl;
// }



    int q;
    cin >> q;
    for (int i = 0; i < q; i++) {
        int a, b;
        cin >> a >> b;
        vector<bool> is_visited(n, false);
        if (DFS(G, is_visited, a, b, 0)) {
            cout << "yes" << endl;
        } else {
            cout << "no"  << endl;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

C++: #include <vector>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int n, m, q, x, y, t; int group[111111]; vector<int> f[111111];
int main() {
	scanf("%d%d", &n, &m);
	for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) group[i] = i, f[i].push_back(i);
	for(int i = 0; i < m; i++) {
		scanf("%d%d", &x, &y);
		if(group[x] == group[y]) continue;
		x = group[x], y = group[y];
		if(f[y].size() > f[x].size()) swap(x, y);
		t = f[y].size();
		for(int j = 0; j < t; j++) {
			group[f[y].back()] = group[x];
			f[x].push_back(f[y].back());
			f[y].pop_back();
		}
	}
	scanf("%d", &q);
	for(int i = 0; i < q; i++) {
		scanf("%d%d", &x, &y);
		printf("%s\n", group[x] == group[y] ? "yes" : "no");
	}
	return 0;
}