Go: package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"log"
	"math"
	"os"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
)

type color int

const (
	white color = iota // 未訪問
	mst                // MSTとして確定
)

// 頂点
type node struct {
	matrix   []int // 隣接行列
	minToMst int   // MSTへの重み最小値
	parent   int   // 最小値の相手
	color    color
}

func main() {
	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	n := eGetInt(scanner)

	nodes := make([]node, n)
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		nodes[i].matrix = eAtoi((strings.Fields(eGetline(scanner))))
		nodes[i].parent = -1
		nodes[i].minToMst = math.MaxInt16
		nodes[i].color = white
	}

	// 初回はnode[0]がMSTに入るように,minToMstを設定
	nodes[0].minToMst = 0
	for { // 全部チェックするまで

		// どの頂点を新たにMSTに取り込むか
		min := math.MaxInt16
		u := -1
		for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
			if nodes[i].color == mst {
				continue
			}
			if nodes[i].minToMst < min {
				u = i
				min = nodes[i].minToMst
			}
		}

		if u == -1 {
			break
		}
		// MSTに追加する頂点決定
		nodes[u].color = mst

		// MSTに属していない頂点それぞれについて,MSTとの最小の重みを更新
		for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
			if nodes[i].color == mst {
				continue
			}
			if nodes[i].matrix[u] == -1 {
				// 接してない
				continue
			}
			if nodes[i].matrix[u] < nodes[i].minToMst {
				// node[u]との重みが最小
				nodes[i].minToMst = nodes[i].matrix[u]
				nodes[i].parent = u
			}
		}
	}

	sum := 0
	for _, v := range nodes {
		// node[0]はparentが入っていない
		if v.parent != -1 {
			sum += v.matrix[v.parent]
		}
	}
	fmt.Println(sum)
}

func eGetInt(scanner *bufio.Scanner) int {
	t := eAtoi(strings.Fields(eGetline(scanner)))
	return t[0]
}

func eGetline(p *bufio.Scanner) string {
	if !p.Scan() {
		if err := p.Err(); err != nil {
			log.Fatal(err.Error())
		}
		return ""
	}
	return p.Text()
}

func eAtoi(s []string) []int {
	ints := make([]int, len(s))
	var err error
	for i, e := range s {
		ints[i], err = strconv.Atoi(e)
		if err != nil {
			log.Fatal(err.Error())
		}
	}
	return ints
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#define MAX 1000000000;
using namespace std;

int main(void)
{
	int n, now = 0, flag[101] = {};
	long ans = 0, an[100][100], min[100];

	cin >> n;

	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
		for (int j = 0; j < n; j++)
			cin >> an[i][j];
		min[i] = MAX;
	}

	do {
		long key = MAX, key_i;
		flag[now] = 1;
		flag[100] = 0;

		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
			if (an[now][i] != -1 && an[now][i] < min[i] && flag[i] == 0)
				min[i] = an[now][i];
			if (flag[i] == 0 && min[i] < key) {
				key = min[i];
				key_i = i;
			}
			if (flag[i] == 1)
				flag[100]++;
		}

		now = key_i;
		ans += key;

	} while (flag[100] != n - 1);

	cout << ans << endl;

	return 0;
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <stack>
#include <queue>
#include <bitset>
#include <utility>
#include <functional>
#include <numeric>

template <class T>
using vec = std::vector<T>;

constexpr int nil = -1;
constexpr int inf = 1 << 30;

struct Edge
{
    int to;
    int cost;
};

int prim(const vec<vec<Edge>>& edges)
{
    const int n = edges.size();
    vec<bool> reached(n);
    vec<int> parents(n, nil);
    vec<int> distances(n, inf);

    distances[0] = 0;

    while (true)
    {
        int minCost {inf};
        int u {};
        
        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
        {
            if (!reached[i] && distances[i] < minCost)
            {
                u = i;
                minCost = distances[i];
            }
        }
        
        if (minCost == inf)
            break;

        reached[u] = true;

        for (auto e : edges[u])
        {
            if (!reached[e.to])
            {
                if (e.cost < distances[e.to])
                {
                    distances[e.to] = e.cost;
                    parents[e.to] = u;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    int sum = std::accumulate(distances.begin(), distances.end(), 0);

    return sum;
}

void solve()
{
    using namespace std;
    int n;
    cin >> n;

    //隣接リスト形式
    vec<vec<Edge>> edges(n);

    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
    {
        for (int j = 0, cost; j < n; ++j)
        {
            cin >> cost;
            if (cost != -1)
                edges[i].push_back({j, cost});
        }
    }

    cout << prim(edges) << endl;
}

int main()
{
    solve();
    return 0;
}

C++: #include<stdio.h>

#define MAX 1000
#define INFINITY 10000

int n;
int M[MAX][MAX], color[MAX], d[MAX], p[MAX];

enum {
    WHITE,
    GRAY,
    BLACK
};

int prim() {
    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
        color[i] = WHITE;
        d[i] = INFINITY;
        p[i] = -1;
    }
    d[0] = 0;

    while (true) {
        int min = INFINITY;
        int target = -1;
        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
            if (d[i] < min && color[i] != BLACK) {
                min = d[i];
                target = i;
            }
        }
        if (target == -1) break;

        color[target] = BLACK;

        for (int v = 0; v < n; ++v) {
            if (color[v] != BLACK && M[target][v] != -1) {
                if(M[target][v] < d[v]) {
                    d[v] = M[target][v];
                    p[v] = target;
                    color[v] = GRAY;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    int sum = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
        if (p[i] != -1) sum += M[i][p[i]];
    }
    return sum;
}

int main() {
    scanf("%d", &n);
    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
        for (int j = 0; j < n; ++j) {
            scanf("%d", &M[i][j]);
        }
    }
    printf("%d\n", prim());
    return 0;
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <stack>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
static const int Max = 100;
static const int Infinit = 1000000; // ??????
static const int Nil = -1; // 

enum Status {
	Not_Searched = 0,
	Searched = 1,
	Mts = 2 
};

int n;
int M[Max][Max] = {};
Status st[Max] = {}; 
int min_cost[Max] = {}; // i ??????????????????????????§???????°??????????
int parent[Max] = {}; // ??????index

int prim_search() {
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
		min_cost[i] = Infinit;
		parent[i] = -1;
		st[i] = Not_Searched;
	}
	min_cost[0] = 0;

	while (1) {
		int mincost = Infinit;
		int mincost_idx = -1;

		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
			if (st[i] != Mts && min_cost[i] < mincost) {
				mincost = min_cost[i];
				mincost_idx = i;
			}
		}
		if (mincost_idx == -1) {
			break;
		}
		st[mincost_idx] = Mts;
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
			if (st[i] != Mts && M[mincost_idx][i] != Infinit) {
				if (min_cost[i] > M[mincost_idx][i]) {
					min_cost[i] = M[mincost_idx][i];
					parent[i] = mincost_idx;
					st[i] = Searched;
				}
			}
		}
	}
	int sum = 0;
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
		if (parent[i] != Nil) sum += M[i][parent[i]];
	}
	return sum;
}

int main() {
	cin >> n;
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
		for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
			int e;
			cin >> e;
			M[i][j] = (e == -1) ? Infinit : e;
		}
	}

	cout << prim_search() << endl;
	return 0;
}

C++: #include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
#define rep(i,n) for(int (i)=0;(i)<(n);(i)++)
#define WHITE 0
#define GRAY 1
#define BLACK 2
#define INF 2100

int main() {
  int n; cin >> n;
  vector<vector<int>> G(n, vector<int>(n));
  rep(i, n)rep(j, n) cin >> G.at(i).at(j);

  vector<int> color(n); vector<int> mindis(n);
  rep(i, n) mindis.at(i) = INF;
  vector<int> par(n);
  int ans = 0;
  mindis.at(0) = 0;
  color.at(0) = GRAY;
  par.at(0) = -1;

  while (true) {
    int m = INF;
    int now = 0;
    rep(i, n) {
      if (color.at(i) == GRAY && mindis.at(i) < m) {
        m = mindis.at(i);
        now = i;
      }
    }

    if (m == INF) break;

    color.at(now) = BLACK;
    if (par.at(now) != -1) {
      ans += G.at(par.at(now)).at(now);
    }

    rep(i, n) {
      if (G.at(now).at(i) < mindis.at(i) && G.at(now).at(i) != -1 && color.at(i) != BLACK) {
        mindis.at(i) = G.at(now).at(i);
        color.at(i) = GRAY;
        par.at(i) = now;
      }
    }
  }
  cout << ans << endl;
}