Go: package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"strconv"
)

type Queue []int

func (q *Queue) push(v int) {
	*q = append(*q, v)
}

func (q *Queue) pop() int {
	v := (*q)[0]
	*q = (*q)[1:]
	return v
}

func main() {
	sc := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	sc.Split(bufio.ScanWords)

	nVerts := scanInt(sc)
	graph := make([][]int, nVerts+1)

	for i := 0; i < nVerts; i++ {
		u := scanInt(sc)
		nDegrees := scanInt(sc)

		graph[u] = make([]int, nDegrees)
		for d := 0; d < nDegrees; d++ {
			graph[u][d] = scanInt(sc)
		}
	}

	paths := make([]int, nVerts+1)

	queue := Queue(make([]int, 0))
	queue.push(1)
	paths[1] = 1

	for len(queue) > 0 {
		u := queue.pop()
		d := paths[u] + 1
		for _, v := range graph[u] {
			if paths[v] == 0 {
				paths[v] = d
				queue.push(v)
			}
		}
	}

	w := bufio.NewWriter(os.Stdout)
	for i := 1; i <= nVerts; i++ {
		fmt.Fprintf(w, "%d %d\n", i, paths[i]-1)
	}
	w.Flush()
}

func scanInt(sc *bufio.Scanner) int {
	sc.Scan()
	v, _ := strconv.Atoi(sc.Text())
	return v
}

Python: from collections import deque
INF = 1145141919810364364334
s = [None]
r = [None]

n = int(input())
for _ in range(n):
    temp = list(map(int,input().split()))
    s.append(temp[2:])
    
d = [INF] * (n+1)

d[1] = 0
q = deque()
q.append(1)

while q:
    x = q.popleft()
    for i in s[x]:
        if d[i] == INF:
            q.append(i)
            
        d[i] = min(d[x] + 1 , d[i])
        
for i in range(1,n+1):
    if d[i] == INF:
        d[i] = -1
    print(i,d[i])

Python: def main():
    import sys
    N = int(sys.stdin.readline())
    L1 = [list(map(int, sys.stdin.readline().split())) for i in range(N)]
    L = [[] for _ in range(N+1)]
    for row in L1:
        L[row[0]] += row[2:]
    #print(L)
    
    d = [-1 for i in range(N+1)] #距離
    def bfs(p, queue=[]):
        queue+=[p]
        d[p]=0
        while queue:
            now = queue.pop(0)
            for ch in L[now]:
                if d[ch] ==-1: #未開
                    d[ch] = d[now]+1
                    queue +=[ch]
    
    
    bfs(1)
    for idx, ans in enumerate(d[1:]):
        print(idx+1, ans)


if __name__=='__main__':
    main()

Python: from collections import deque


def bfs(root):
    Q = deque()
    distance[root] = 0
    Q.append(root)
    i = root
    while len(Q) > 0:
        i = Q.popleft()
        for v in range(n):
            if adjMat[i][v] == 1 and color[v] == 'white':
                Q.append(v)
                color[v] = 'gray'
                distance[v] = distance[i] + 1
        color[i] = 'black'


n = int(input())
adjMat = [[0] * n for _ in range(n)]
color = ['white'] * n
distance = [-1] * n

for _ in range(n):
    adj = list(map(int, input().split()))
    i = adj[0]
    v = adj[2:]
    for j in v:
        adjMat[i - 1][j - 1] = 1

bfs(0)

for i in range(n):
    out = ''
    out += '{} {}'.format(i + 1, distance[i])
    print(out)

Python: from collections import deque

n = int(input())                #エッジの個数
edge = [[] for _ in range(n)]   #エッジの隣接リスト（お隣さんを格納する）

for _ in range(n):
  u, _, *v = map(lambda x: int(x)-1, input().split())
  edge[u] = sorted(v)           #入力された隣接頂点をお隣さんリストに格納

dist = [-1] * n                #始点から各頂点iまでの距離を測るリスト
dist[0] = 0                    #0番目のエッジの距離
Q = deque([0])                 #次に訪問すべきエッジを記録するキュー

while len(Q):
  v = Q.popleft()             #vに次に訪問するエッジを代入（v=自分）
  for c in edge[v]:           #v(自分)のお隣さんの数分だけイテレーション
    if dist[c] == -1:         #もしお隣さんお距離が-1になっていたら
      dist[c] = dist[v] + 1   #お隣さんの距離=自分の距離+1にする
      Q.append(c)             #次に訪問すべきキューにお隣さんを代入

for i, d in enumerate(dist):
  print(i+1, d)

Python: n = int(raw_input())
 
G = [0 for i in range(n)] 
a = [[0 for i in range(n)] for j in range(n)]
dis = [-1 for i in range(n)]
dis[0] = 0
 
for i in range(n):
    G = map(int, raw_input().split())
    for j in range(G[1]):
        a[G[0]-1][G[2+j]-1] = 1
 
def bfs_visit(s):
    for k in range(n):
      if a[s][k] == 1 and dis[k] == -1:
         dis[k] = dis[s] + 1
         bfs_visit(k)

for s in range(n):
    bfs_visit()
for s in range(n):
    print (s+1,dis[s])

Python: n = int(input())
graph = [[0 for i in range(n)] for j in range(n)]
d = [0] * n
f = [0] * n
queue = [0]


for i in range(n):
   a = list(map(int, input().split()))
   for j in range(0, a[1], 1):
       graph[a[0] - 1][a[2 + j] - 1] = 1

while len(queue) != 0:
    i = queue.pop(0)
    for j in range(i, n):
        if (graph[i][j] == 1) & (f[j] == 0):
            queue.append(j)
            f[j] = 1
            d[j] = d[i] + 1

[print(i+1, d[i] if (i == 0) | (d[i] != 0) else -1) for i in range(n)]

Python: #coding: utf-8
inf = 100000000
n = int(input())

List = [0] + [list(map(int,input().split())) for i in range(n)]
d = [inf for i in range(n+1)]
color = ["white" for i in range(n+1)]

s = 1
Q = [s]
d[s] = 0
color[s] = "gray"

while Q != []:
    q = Q.pop(0)
    k = List[q][1]
    for i in List[q][2:2+k]:
        if color[i] == "white":
            Q.append(i)
        d[i] = min(d[q] + 1, d[i])
    color[q] = "gray"


for i, dis in enumerate(d[1:], 1):
    if dis == inf:
        dis = -1
    print(i, dis)

Python: N= int(input())
E = [input().split()[2:] for _ in range(N)]
Q = [0]
L = [0] + [-1]*N
frag = [1] + [0]*N
def func(ide):
    global Q
    for i in E[ide]:
        i = int(i) - 1
        if frag[i] != 1:frag[i] = 1;L[i] = L[ide] +1 ;Q.append(i)
    

while Q:top = Q.pop(0);func(top)

for i in range(N):print(i + 1 ,int(L[i]))

Python: from collections import deque

n = int(input())
vdata = [list(map(int,input().split())) for _ in range(n)]
d = [-1]*n
q = deque()
q.append(vdata[0])
d[0] = 0

while len(q) > 0:
  node = q.popleft()
  c = d[node[0]-1]
  a = node[1]
  for i in range(a):
    b = node[i+2]-1
    if d[b] == -1:
      d[b] = c+1
      q.append(vdata[b])
      
for i in range(n):
  print(i+1, d[i])

Python: n = int(raw_input())
  
G = [0 for i in range(n)] 
a = [[0 for i in range(n)] for j in range(n)]
d = [99999 for i in range(n)]
d[0] = 0
 
for i in range(n):
    G = map(int, raw_input().split())
    for j in range(G[1]):
        a[G[0]-1][G[2+j]-1] = 1
  
def bfs_visit(s):
    for k in range(n):
      if a[s][k] == 1:
       if d[k] > d[s]+1:
         d[k] = d[s]+1
         bfs_visit(k)
 
for s in range(n):
    bfs_visit(s)
for s in range(s):
    if d[s] == 99999:
       d[s] = -1
for s in range(n):
    print (s+1,d[s])

Python: from collections import deque
def MAIN():
    n = int(input())
    li = [[] for _ in range(n + 1)]
    ans = [[i, -1] for i in range(n + 1)]
    ans[1][1] = 0
    for _ in range(n):
        u, k, *v = map(int, input().split())
        li[u] = v
    dp = deque([1])
    while dp:
        u = dp.popleft()
        for v in li[u]:
            if ans[v][1] == -1:
                ans[v][1] = ans[u][1] + 1
                dp.append(v)
    for d in ans[1:]:
        print(*d)
MAIN()

Python: from collections import deque
import sys
input = sys.stdin.readline

n = int(input())
graph = {i: deque() for i in range(1, n+1)}

for i in range(n):
    u, k, *v = map(int, input().split())
    v.sort()
    for vi in v:
        graph[u].append(vi)

seen = [0]*(n+1)
queue = deque()
dist = [-1]*(n+1)
def bfs(v):
    dist[v] = 0
    seen[v] = 1
    queue.append(v)
    while queue:
        q = queue[0]
        if not graph[q]:
            queue.popleft()
            continue
        g = graph[q].popleft()
        if seen[g]:
            continue
        seen[g] = 1
        dist[g] = dist[q] + 1
        queue.append(g)

bfs(1)
for id, d in enumerate(dist):
    if id == 0:
        continue
    print(id, d)