Go: package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"strconv"
)

// I/O
type Scanner struct {
	sc *bufio.Scanner
}

func NewScanner() *Scanner {
	sc := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	sc.Split(bufio.ScanWords)
	sc.Buffer(make([]byte, 1024), int(1e+9))
	return &Scanner{sc}
}

func (s *Scanner) nextStr() string {
	s.sc.Scan()
	return s.sc.Text()
}

func (s *Scanner) nextInt() int {
	i, e := strconv.Atoi(s.nextStr())
	if e != nil {
		panic(e)
	}
	return i
}

func (s *Scanner) nextFloat() float64 {
	f, e := strconv.ParseFloat(s.nextStr(), 64)
	if e != nil {
		panic(e)
	}
	return f
}

func (s *Scanner) nextRuneSlice() []rune {
	return []rune(s.nextStr())
}

func (s *Scanner) nextIntSlice(n int) []int {
	res := make([]int, n)
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		res[i] = s.nextInt()
	}
	return res
}

func (s *Scanner) nextFloatSlice(n int) []float64 {
	res := make([]float64, n)
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		res[i] = s.nextFloat()
	}
	return res
}

// Arithmetic
func max(nums ...int) int {
	m := nums[0]
	for _, i := range nums {
		if m < i {
			m = i
		}
	}
	return m
}

func min(nums ...int) int {
	m := nums[0]
	for _, i := range nums {
		if m > i {
			m = i
		}
	}
	return m
}

func abs(x int) int {
	if x > 0 {
		return x
	}
	return -x
}

func pow(x, y int) int {
	res := 1
	for i := 0; i < y; i++ {
		res *= x
	}
	return res
}

func ceil(a, b int) int {
	if a%b == 0 {
		return a / b
	} else {
		return a/b + 1
	}
}

// Sort
type RuneSlice []rune

func (a RuneSlice) Len() int           { return len(a) }
func (a RuneSlice) Less(i, j int) bool { return a[i] < a[j] }
func (a RuneSlice) Swap(i, j int)      { a[i], a[j] = a[j], a[i] }

// Main
type Queue struct {
	arr []int
}

func (q *Queue) push(v int) {
	q.arr = append(q.arr, v)
}

func (q *Queue) pop() int {
	res := q.arr[0]
	q.arr = q.arr[1:]
	return res
}

func (q *Queue) isEmpty() bool {
	return len(q.arr) == 0
}

func main() {
	sc := NewScanner()
	wtr := bufio.NewWriter(os.Stdout)
	N := sc.nextInt()
	G := make([][]int, N)
	for i := 0; i < N; i++ {
		u, k := sc.nextInt()-1, sc.nextInt()
		for j := 0; j < k; j++ {
			G[u] = append(G[u], sc.nextInt()-1)
		}
	}
	var q Queue
	seen := make([]int, N)
	for i := 0; i < N; i++ {
		seen[i] = -1
	}
	var search func(cur int)
	search = func(cur int) {
		for i := 0; i < len(G[cur]); i++ {
			next := G[cur][i]
			if seen[next] == -1 {
				q.push(next)
				seen[next] = seen[cur] + 1
			}
		}
	}
	q.push(0)
	seen[0] = 0
	for !q.isEmpty() {
		search(q.pop())
	}

	for i := 0; i < N; i++ {
		fmt.Fprintln(wtr, i+1, seen[i])
	}
	wtr.Flush()
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <stack>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cmath>
#include <climits>
#include <cstring>
#include <queue>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

const double PI = 3.14159265358979;

int G[101][101];
bool visited[101];
int timex[101][2];
int deep[101];
int now_time = 1;
int n;

void dfs(int node) {

	if (!visited[node]) {
		visited[node] = 1;
		timex[node][0] = now_time++;
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)	{
			if (G[node][i] && visited[i] == 0) {
				dfs(i);
			}
		}
		timex[node][1] = now_time++;
	}
}

void dfs_stack(int node) {

	stack<int> st;
	st.push(node);
	visited[node] = 1;
	timex[node][0] = now_time++;
	while (!st.empty()) {
		int ver = st.top();

		bool flag = false;
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)	{
			if (G[ver][i] && visited[i] == 0) {
				visited[i] = 1;
				timex[i][0] = now_time++;
				st.push(i);
				flag = true;
				break;
			}
		}
		if (!flag) {
			timex[ver][1] = now_time++;
			st.pop();
		}
	}
}

void bfs(int node, bool reach) {

	queue<int> Q;
	visited[node] = 1;
	if (!reach) deep[node] = -1;
	Q.push(node);

	while (!Q.empty()) {

		int top = Q.front();
		Q.pop();
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)	{
			if (G[top][i] && !visited[i]) {
				Q.push(i);
				visited[i] = 1;
				if (reach)
					deep[i] = deep[top] + 1;
				else
					deep[i] = -1;
			}
		}
	}
}


int main() {
	
	cin >> n;

	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)	{
		int id, degree;
		cin >> id >> degree;
		for (int j = 0; j < degree; j++) {
			int idx; cin >> idx;
			G[id - 1][idx - 1] = 1;
		}
	}

	bool first = true;
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
		if (!visited[i]) {
			bfs(i, first);
			first = false;
		}
	}
	

	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
		cout << i + 1 << " " << deep[i] << endl;
	}


	return 0;
}

C++: #include<iostream>
#include<queue>
using namespace std;
static const int N=100;
static const int infty=(1<<21);

int n,m[N][N];
int d[N];

void bfs(int s)
{
  queue<int> q;
  q.push(s);
  for(int i=0;i<n;i++) d[i]=infty;
  d[s]=0;
  int u;

  while(!q.empty())
  {
    u=q.front(); q.pop();
    for(int v=0;v<n;v++)
    {
      if(m[u][v]==0) continue;
      if(d[v]!=infty) continue;
      d[v]=d[u]+1;
      q.push(v);
    }
  }
  for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
  {
    cout<<i+1<<" "<<((d[i]==infty)?(-1):d[i]) <<endl;
  }
}

int main()
{
  //入力
  int u,k,v;
  cin>>n;
  for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
  for(int j=0;j<n;j++) m[i][j]=0;

  for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
  {
    cin>>u>>k;
    u--;
    for(int j=0;j<k;j++)
    {
      cin>>v;
      v--;
      m[u][v]=1;
    }
  }

  bfs(0);

}