Go: package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"strconv"
)

const (
	MAX_N      = 200
	MAX_WEIGHT = 2000
)

type Edge struct {
	start  int
	end    int
	weight int
}

type ShortestInfo struct {
	edges    []Edge
	shortest int
}

func main() {
	sc := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	sc.Split(bufio.ScanWords)

	n, err := nextInt(sc)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	shortestList := make([]ShortestInfo, n)
	for i := 1; i < n; i++ {
		shortestList[i] = ShortestInfo{edges: []Edge{}, shortest: MAX_N*MAX_WEIGHT + 1}
	}

	adjacentMatrix := make([][]int, n)
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		adjacentMatrix[i] = make([]int, n)
		for j := 0; j < n; j++ {
			v, err := nextInt(sc)
			if err != nil {
				panic(err)
			}
			adjacentMatrix[i][j] = v
		}
	}

	mst([]int{1}, shortestList, adjacentMatrix)
	fmt.Println(shortestList)
	fmt.Println(calculateMinWeight(shortestList))
}

func calculateMinWeight(shortestList []ShortestInfo) int {
	visitedList := make([]bool, len(shortestList))
	visitedList[0] = true
	sumWeight := 0
	for !visitedAll(visitedList) {
		shortestInfo := shortestList[0]
		shortestList = shortestList[1:]
		edges := shortestInfo.edges
		for _, edge := range edges {
			if !visitedList[edge.end-1] {
				visitedList[edge.end-1] = true
				sumWeight += edge.weight
			}
		}
	}
	return sumWeight
}

func visitedAll(visitedList []bool) bool {
	for _, v := range visitedList {
		if !v {
			return false
		}
	}
	return true
}

func mst(nodeStack []int, shortestList []ShortestInfo, adjacentMatrix [][]int) {
	for len(nodeStack) > 0 {
		currentNode := nodeStack[0]
		nodeStack = nodeStack[1:]
		currentShortest := getShortest(currentNode, shortestList)
		adjacents := findAdjacents(currentNode, adjacentMatrix)
		for i := 0; i < len(adjacents); i++ {
			adj := adjacents[i]
			s := getShortest(adj.end, shortestList)
			if currentShortest.shortest+adj.weight < s.shortest || (currentShortest.shortest+adj.weight == s.shortest && len(currentShortest.edges)+1 > len(s.edges)) {
				setShortest(adj.end, adj, currentShortest, shortestList)
				nodeStack = append(nodeStack, adj.end)
			}
		}
	}
}

func getShortest(node int, shortestList []ShortestInfo) ShortestInfo {
	return shortestList[node-1]
}

func setShortest(node int, edge Edge, currentShortest ShortestInfo, shortestList []ShortestInfo) {
	newEdges := make([]Edge, len(currentShortest.edges)+1)
	for i := 0; i < len(newEdges)-1; i++ {
		newEdges[i] = currentShortest.edges[i]
	}
	newEdges[len(newEdges)-1] = edge
	shortestInfo := ShortestInfo{edges: newEdges, shortest: currentShortest.shortest + edge.weight}
	shortestList[node-1] = shortestInfo
}

func findAdjacents(currentNode int, adjacentMatrix [][]int) []Edge {
	adjacents := adjacentMatrix[currentNode-1]
	edges := []Edge{}
	for i, v := range adjacents {
		if v > 0 {
			edges = append(edges, Edge{start: currentNode, end: i + 1, weight: v})
		}
	}
	return edges
}

func nextInt(sc *bufio.Scanner) (int, error) {
	sc.Scan()
	return strconv.Atoi(sc.Text())
}

C++: #include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
#define int long long
signed main(){
  int n;
  cin>>n;
  int a[n][n];
  for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
    for(int j=0;j<n;j++)
      cin>>a[i][j];
  int ans=0;
  bool used[n];
  memset(used,0,sizeof(used));
  used[0]=1;
  int cost[n];
  for(int i=0;i<n;i++) cost[i]=a[0][i];
  while(1){
    int v=-1;
    for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
      if(used[i]||cost[i]<0) continue;
      //cout<<i<<":"<<cost[i]<<endl;
      if(v<0||cost[i]<cost[v]) v=i;
    }
    if(v<0) break;
    used[v]=1;
    ans+=cost[v];
    //cout<<v<<endl;
    for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
      if(a[v][i]<0) continue;
      if(cost[i]<0||a[v][i]<cost[i]) cost[i]=a[v][i];
    }
  }
  cout<<ans<<endl;
  return 0;
}

C++: #include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define rep(i, n) for (int i = 0; i < (n); ++i)
#define repr(i, n) for (int i = (n); i >= 0; --i)
#define FOR(i, m, n) for (int i = (m); i < (n); ++i)
#define FORR(i, m, n) for (int i = (m); i >= (n); --i)
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
const ll mod = 1000000007;
const ll mod2 = 998244353;
const int INF = 1000000005;
const int MAX = 105;

class edge {
  public:
  int t, c;

  edge(int t = -1, int c = INF): t(t), c(c) {}

  bool operator < (const edge &e) const {
    return c > e.c;
  }
};

vector<edge> to[MAX];
bool seen[MAX];
int n;

int prim() {
  seen[0] = true;
  priority_queue<edge> pq;
  int sum = 0, u = 0;

  rep(l, n-1) {
    for (edge e: to[u]) {
      if (seen[e.t]) continue;
      pq.push(e);
    }

    edge d;
    while (1) {
      d = pq.top();
      pq.pop();
      if (!seen[d.t]) break;
    }

    seen[d.t] = true;
    sum += d.c;
    u = d.t;
  }

  return sum;
}

int main() {
  cin >> n;
  edge e;
  rep(i, n) {
    rep(j, n) {
      cin >> e.c;
      if (e.c == -1) continue;
      e.t = j;
      to[i].push_back(e);
    }
  }

  rep(i, n) seen[i] = false;

  cout << prim() << endl;

  
  return 0;
}

C++: #include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
 
int x[10000][10000];
int MIN[10000];
int MINX = 0;
 
int main() {
    memset(MIN, 127, sizeof(MIN));
    int n, a;
    cin >> n;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
            cin >> a;
            x[i][j] = a;
        }
    }
    MIN[0] = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
            for (int k = 0; k < n; k++) {
                if (x[j][k] != -1) {
                    MIN[k] = min(MIN[k], x[j][k]);
                }
            }
        }
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        MINX = max(MINX, MIN[i]);
    }
    cout << MINX << endl;
    return 0;
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <queue>

using namespace std;




struct link { //link connecting x and y vertices
  int x;
  int y;
  int weight;
  bool operator<(const link& other) const
  {
    return weight > other.weight; // for min priority queue, trick the operator
  }
};

priority_queue<link> links;
int roots[100];

int root(int x) {
  if (x == roots[x]) {
    return x;
  } else {
    //roots[x] = root(roots[x]); //attach all to root
    return root(roots[x]);
  }
}

bool same(int x, int y) {
  return (root(x) == root(y));
}

void unite(int x, int y) {
  roots[root(x)] = root(y);
}


  
int main() {
  int min_cost = 0;
  int n;
  cin >> n;


  for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
    roots[i] = i; // initialize roots
    for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
      
      int weight;
      cin >> weight;
      if (j <= i ) continue;
      if (weight != -1) {
	link new_link = {i, j, weight};
	links.push(new_link);
	//cout << "link added has i j weight: " << i << " " << j << " " << weight << endl;
      }
    }
  }

  while (!links.empty()) {
    link cur_link = links.top();
    //cout << "cur link weight: " << cur_link.weight << " x: " << cur_link.x << " y: " << cur_link.y << endl;
    if (!same(cur_link.x, cur_link.y)) {
      min_cost += cur_link.weight;
      unite(cur_link.x, cur_link.y);
    }
    links.pop();
  }

  cout << min_cost << endl;
      
    
}