Go: package main

/*
グラフの表現 隣接行列による表現
*/

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"log"
	"os"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	scanner := makeScanner(8192)
	n := eGetInt(scanner)
	g := make([][]int, n+1)
	for i := 1; i < n+1; i++ {
		g[i] = make([]int, n+1)
		ints := eGetInts(scanner)
		num := ints[0]
		for j := 0; j < ints[1]; j++ {
			g[num][ints[j+2]] = 1
		}
	}
	dist := make([]int, n+1)
	for i := 0; i < len(dist); i++ {
		dist[i] = -1
	}
	q := []int{}

	// 訪問する
	q = append(q, 1)
	dist[1] = 0

	// キューが空でない限り
	for len(q) > 0 {
		// 先頭を取り出す
		top := 0
		top, q = q[0], q[1:]
		// 隣接マスを入れる.
		for i := 1; i < n+1; i++ {
			// 辺がある
			if g[top][i] == 1 {
				if dist[i] == -1 {
					// 訪問済みでなければ
					q = append(q, i)
					dist[i] = dist[top] + 1
				}
			}
		}
	}
	for i := 1; i < n+1; i++ {
		fmt.Println(i, dist[i])
	}
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// ライブラリ
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
func makeScanner(maxByte int) *bufio.Scanner {
	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	scanner.Buffer(make([]uint8, 0, 8192), maxByte)
	return scanner
}
func makeWordScanner() *bufio.Scanner {
	scanner := makeScanner(8192)
	scanner.Split(bufio.ScanWords)
	return scanner
}
func eGetLine(r *bufio.Scanner) string {
	if r.Scan() {
		return r.Text()
	}
	err := r.Err()
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	// EOF
	return ""
}
func eGetInt(r *bufio.Scanner) int {
	line := eGetLine(r)
	return eAtoi(line)
}
func eGetInt64(r *bufio.Scanner) int64 {
	line := eGetLine(r)
	return eAtoInt64(line)
}
func eGetFields(r *bufio.Scanner) []string {
	line := eGetLine(r)
	return strings.Fields(line)
}
func eGetInts(r *bufio.Scanner) []int {
	fields := eGetFields(r)
	ints := make([]int, len(fields))
	for i := 0; i < len(ints); i++ {
		ints[i] = eAtoi(fields[i])
	}
	return ints
}
func eGetInt64s(r *bufio.Scanner) []int64 {
	fields := eGetFields(r)
	ints := make([]int64, len(fields))
	for i := 0; i < len(ints); i++ {
		ints[i] = eAtoInt64(fields[i])
	}
	return ints
}
func eGetChars(r *bufio.Scanner) []string {
	line := eGetLine(r)
	return strings.Split(line, "")
}
func eAtoi(s string) int {
	n, err := strconv.Atoi(s)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	return n
}
func eAtoInt64(s string) int64 {
	n, err := strconv.ParseInt(s, 10, 64)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	return n
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <queue>
using namespace std;

int main(){
  vector<int> G[100];
  queue<int> q;
  vector<int> d(100,200000000);
  int n,u,k,v,depth;
  bool flg;
  
  cin >> n;
  for (int i=0;i<n;i++){
    cin >> u>> k;
    for (int j=0;j<k;j++){
      cin >> v;
      G[u-1].push_back(v-1);
    }
  }
  for (int vi=0;vi<n;vi++){
    if (d[vi]<=1000)continue;
    depth=0;
    q.push(vi);
    d[vi]=depth;
    while (!q.empty()){
      u=q.front();
      for (int i=0;i<G[u].size();i++){
	v=G[u][i];
	if (d[v]>d[u]+1){
	  q.push(v);
	  d[v]=d[u]+1;
	  flg=true;
	  break;
	}
      }
      if (!flg){
	q.pop();
      }else{
	flg=false;
      }
    }
    
  }
  for (int i=0;i<n;i++)
    cout << i+1 <<" "<< d[i]<<" "<<endl;
  
  return 0;
}

C++: #include<bits/stdc++.h>

using namespace std;

#define rep(a, b) for(int i = a; i <= b; i++)
#define mst(a) memset(a, 0, sizeof(a))
#define mem(a, p) memset(a, p, sizeof(a))

const int MAX = 1e2 + 10;


bool mtx[MAX][MAX];
int vis[MAX];
int n;

queue<int> q;

void init(void)
{
	while(!q.empty())
		q.pop();
	mem(vis, -1);
	return;
}

bool check(int x, int y)
{
	if(mtx[x][y] && vis[y] == -1)
		return true;
	return false;
}

void Bfs(void)
{
	int cnt = 1;
	q.push(1);
	vis[1] = 0;
	while(!q.empty())
	{
		int cur = q.front();
		q.pop();
		rep(1, n)
		{
			if(check(cur, i))
			{
				q.push(i);
				vis[i] = vis[cur] + 1;
				cnt++;
				if(cnt == n)
					return;
			}
		}
	}
	return;
}

int main()
{
	while(~scanf("%d", &n))
	{
		init();
		rep(1, n)
		{
			int row;
			scanf("%d", &row);
			int num;
			scanf("%d", &num);
			while(num--)
			{
				int tmp;
				scanf("%d", &tmp);
				mtx[row][tmp] = true;
			}
		}
		
		Bfs();
		
		rep(1, n)
			printf("%d %d\n", i, vis[i]);
	}
	return 0;
}

C++: #include<iostream>
#include<queue>
using namespace std;
static const int N = 100;
static const int INFTY = (1<<21);

int n,M[N][N];
int d[N];

void bfs(int s){
    queue<int> q;
    q.push(s);
    for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
        d[i] = INFTY;
    }
    d[s] = 0;
    int u;
    while(!q.empty()){
        u = q.front();q.pop();
        for(int v = 0;v<n;v++){
            if(M[u][v] == 0)continue;
            if(d[v] != INFTY)continue;
            d[v] = d[u]+1;
            q.push(v);
        }
    }
    for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
        cout << i+1 << " " << ( (d[i] == INFTY) ? (-1) : d[i]) << endl;
    }
}

int main(){
    int  u,k,v;
    cin >> n;
    for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
        for(int j=0;j<n;j++){
             M[i][j] = 0; 
        }
    }
    for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
        cin >> u >> k;
        u--;
        for(int j =0;j<k;j++){
            cin >> v;
            v--;
            M[u][v] = 1;
        }
    }
    bfs(0);

    return 0;
}

C++: #include<stdio.h>
 
 
int G[101][101], q1[101], q2[101], n;
 
void f(int a, int b){
  int i;
  q1[a] = b;
  for(i = 1; i <= B[a]; i++){
    if(b + 1 < q1[G[a][i]]) f(G[a][i], b + 1);
  }
}
 
int main(){
  int i, j, m;
 
  scanf("%d", &n);
 
  for(i = 1; i <= n; i++){
    q1[i] = 100000000;
    scanf("%d", &m);
    scanf("%d", &q2[m]);
 
    for(j = 1; j <= q2[m]; j++) scanf("%d", &G[m][j]);
  }
 
  f(1, 0);
 
  for(i = 1; i <= n; i++){
    if(q1[i] == 100000000) q1[i] = -1;
  }
 
  for(i = 1; i <= n; i++) printf("%d %d\n", i, q1[i]);
 
  return 0;
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <queue>
using namespace std;

int G[110][110];
int N,num,lines,tar;
int D[1000];
int ret[1000];

void bfs(int src);

int main() {
	for (int i=0;i<110;i++) {
		for(int j=0;j<110;j++) {
			G[i][j] = 0;
		}
	}
	for(int i=0;i<1000;i++) {
		D[i] = 100;
	}
	cin >> N;
	for(int i=0;i<N;i++) {
		cin >> num >> lines;
		for(int j=0;j<lines;j++) {
			cin >> tar;
			G[num][tar] = 1;
		}
	}
	/*
	for(int i=0;i<num+1;i++) {
		for(int j=0;j<num+1;j++) {
			cout << G[i][j] << " ";
		}
		cout << endl;
	}
	*/
	bfs(1);
	for(int i=1;i<num+1;i++) {
		cout << i << " " << ret[i] << endl;
	}

}
void bfs(int src) {
	int cur,dst;
	//cerr << "bfs root = " << src << endl;
	queue<int> Q; // ??´??°????????????????????\????????????
	Q.push(src);
	D[src] = 0; // ?????????
	while (! Q.empty()) {
		int cur = Q.front(); // ??????????´????????????????
		Q.pop();
// ???????¢??????¨??¨???
		ret[cur] = D[cur];
		//cerr << cur << " " << D[cur] << endl;
		for (int dst=1;dst<N+1;dst++) { // ???????????? dst ????????????
			if ((G[cur][dst] == 1) && (D[dst] == 100)) { // cur ?????? dst ??????????????????dst ???????¨??????????
				D[dst] = D[cur]+1; //
				Q.push(dst); // dst ????¨???????????????????
			}
		}
	}
}