Go: package main

import (
	"sort"
	"bufio"
	"os"
	"fmt"
	"strconv"
)

// Define disjoint-set forests

type vertexNo int

type vertex struct {
	number vertexNo
	rank int
	parent *vertex
}

func makeSet(number vertexNo) vertex {
	return vertex {
		number: number,
		rank: 0,
		parent: nil,
	}
}

func union(x, y *vertex) *vertex {
	return link(findSet(x), findSet(y))
}

func link(x, y *vertex) *vertex {
	if x.rank > y.rank {
		y.parent = x
		return x
	} else {
		x.parent = y
		if x.rank == y.rank {
			y.rank += 1
		}
		return y
	}
}

func findSet(v *vertex) *vertex {
	if v.parent == nil {
		return v
	}
	v.parent = findSet(v.parent)
	return v.parent
}

// Function to calculate minimum spanning tree

type matrix [][]int

type edge struct {
	one vertexNo
	two vertexNo
	weight int
}

const(
	MAX_VERTICES = 100
)

func newEdgesFromMatrix(matrix matrix) []edge {
	edges := make([]edge, 0, MAX_VERTICES * MAX_VERTICES)

	for i := 0; i < len(matrix); i++ {
		row := matrix[i]
		for j := i; j < len(row); j++ {
			if row[j] >= 0 {
				edge := edge{one: vertexNo(i+1), two: vertexNo(j+1), weight: row[j]}
				edges = append(edges, edge)
			}
		}
	}

	return edges
}

func solve(matrix matrix) int {
	nVertices := len(matrix)

	// initialize vertices
	vertices := make([]vertex, nVertices)
	for i := 0; i < nVertices; i++ {
		vertices[i] = makeSet(vertexNo(i+1))
	}

	// prepare edges sorted in the ascending order of weight
	edges := newEdgesFromMatrix(matrix)
	sort.Slice(edges, func(i, j int) bool {
		return edges[i].weight < edges[j].weight
	})

	unionCount := 0
	weightSum := 0
	for unionCount < nVertices-1 {
		for i := 0; i < len(edges); i++ {
			edge := edges[i]
			v1 := &vertices[edge.one-1]
			v2 := &vertices[edge.two-1]
			rep1 := findSet(v1)
			rep2 := findSet(v2)
			if rep1.number == rep2.number {
				continue
			}
			union(rep1, rep2)
			edges = append(edges[0:i], edges[i+1:]...)
			weightSum += edge.weight
			unionCount++
			break
		}
	}

	return weightSum
}

// main

func main() {
	sc := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	sc.Split(bufio.ScanWords)

	n, err := nextInt(sc)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	matrix := parseMatrix(n, sc)

	edges := newEdgesFromMatrix(matrix)
	sort.Slice(edges, func(i, j int) bool {
		return edges[i].weight < edges[j].weight
	})

	fmt.Println(solve(matrix))
}

func parseMatrix(n int, sc *bufio.Scanner) [][]int {
	matrix := make([][]int, n)
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		matrix[i] = make([]int, n)
		for j := 0; j < n; j++ {
			x, err := nextInt(sc)
			if err != nil {
				panic(err)
			}
			matrix[i][j] = x
		}
	}
	return matrix
}

func nextText(sc *bufio.Scanner) string {
	sc.Scan()
	return sc.Text()
}

func nextInt(sc *bufio.Scanner) (int, error) {
	return strconv.Atoi(nextText(sc))
}

C++: // 最小全域木
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<cstring>
#include<stack>
#include<algorithm>
#include<iostream>
#include<cmath>
#include<vector>

#include<queue>

using namespace std;

#define MAX_N 100
// 値の定義
const int INV = -1;
//const int EXIST = 1;
//const int NO_EXIST = 0;

// グラフ情報を保持する配列
int ary_graph[MAX_N + 1][MAX_N + 1];

// 辺の重みの最小値を保持する配列
// ( 頂点に入力される辺に対しての値 )
int ary_MinEdgeWeight[MAX_N + 1];

int n = 0;

void MinimumSpanningTree(int start_vertex);

int main(void)
{
    int sum = 0;

    for(int i = 0; i < MAX_N + 1; i++)
    {
    	ary_MinEdgeWeight[i] = INV;

        for(int j = 0; j < MAX_N + 1; j++)
        {
            // 配列の初期化
            ary_graph[i][j] = INV;
        }
    }

    cin >> n;

    for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
        for(int j = 0; j < n; j++)
        {
            // 隣接行列の設定
            cin >> ary_graph[i][j];
        }
    }

    // 頂点１から最小全域木を探索する
    MinimumSpanningTree(0);

    // 結果の表示
    for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
        sum += ary_MinEdgeWeight[i];
    }

    printf("%d\n", sum);

    return 0;
}

// 辺の重みを設定する関数
// s      : 辺の開始頂点
// t      : 辺の終了頂点
// weight : 辺の重み
void set_weight(int s, int t, int weight)
{

    if( ary_MinEdgeWeight[t] == INV )
    {
        // 辺の重みの初期値の設定
        ary_MinEdgeWeight[t] = weight;
    }
    else
    {
        if( ary_MinEdgeWeight[t] > ary_graph[s][t] )
        {
            // 辺の最小値の設定
            ary_MinEdgeWeight[t] = ary_graph[s][t];
        }
    }

    return;
}

// 最小全域木を探索する関数
// start_vertex : 起点となる頂点のNo.
void MinimumSpanningTree(int start_vertex)
{

    queue<int> Q;

    // 開始点の情報の設定
    Q.push(start_vertex);
    ary_MinEdgeWeight[start_vertex] = 0;

    while( !Q.empty() )
    {
        // キューの先頭要素を取得して, 削除する
        int u = Q.front();
        Q.pop();

        for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
        {
            // 隣接点を全て検索する
            int weight = ary_graph[u][i];

            if( weight != INV )
            {

                // 辺の重みを設定する
                set_weight(u, i, weight);
                //set_weight(i, u, weight);

                // キューにプッシュする
                Q.push(i);

                // 同じ辺を繰り返し辿らないように無効化する
                ary_graph[u][i] = INV;
                //ary_graph[i][u] = INV;
            }
        }
    }

    return;
}

C++: #include <iostream>
using namespace std;
static const int MAX = 100;
static const int INFTY = (1 << 21);
static const int WHITE = 0;
static const int GRAY = 1;
static const int BLACK = 2;
int n, M[MAX][MAX];
int prim() {
	int u, minv;
	int d[MAX], p[MAX], color[MAX];
	for (int i = 0; i<n; i++) {
		d[i] = INFTY;
		p[i] = -1;
		color[i] = WHITE;
	}
	d[0] = 0;
	while (1) {
		minv = INFTY;
		u = -1;
		for (int i = 0; i<n; i++) {
			if (minv!=d[i] && color[i] != BLACK) {
				u = i;
			}
		}
		if (u == -1)break;
		color[u] = BLACK;
		for (int v = 0; v<n; v++) {
			if (color[v] != BLACK&&M[u][v] != INFTY) {
				if (d[v]>M[u][v]) {
					d[v] = M[u][v];
					p[v] = u;
					color[v] = GRAY;
				}
			}
		}
	}
	int sum = 0;
	for (int i = 0; i<n; i++) {
		if (p[i] != -1)sum += M[i][p[i]];
	}
	return sum;
}
int main() {
	cin >> n;
	for (int i = 0; i<n; i++) {
		for (int j = 0; j<n; j++) {
			int e; cin >> e;
			M[i][j] = (e == -1) ? INFTY : e;
		}
	}
	cout << prim() << endl;
	return 0;
}

C++: #include<iostream>
using namespace std;
static const int MAX=100;
static const int INFTY=2000000000;
static const int WHITE=0;
static const int GRAY=1;
static const int BLACK=2;

int n,M[MAX+1][MAX+1];
int prim(){
    int u,minv;
    int d[MAX+1],p[MAX+1],color[MAX+1];
    for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
        d[i]=INFTY;
        p[i]=-1;
        color[i]=WHITE;
    }
    d[1]=0;
    while(1){
        minv=INFTY;
        u=-1;
        for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
            if(minv>d[i]&&color[i]!=BLACK){
                u=i;
                minv=d[i];
            }
        }
        if(u==-1)break;
        color[u]=BLACK;
        for(int v=1;v<=n;v++){
            if(color[v]!=BLACK&&M[u][v]!=INFTY){
                if(d[v]>M[u][v]){
                    d[v]=M[u][v];
                    p[v]=u;
                    color[v]=GRAY;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    int sum=0;
    for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
        if(p[i]!=-1) sum+=M[i][p[i]];
    }
    return sum;
}
int main(){
    cin>>n;
    for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
        for(int j=1;j<=n;j++){
            int e;
            cin>>e;
            M[i][j]=(e==-1)?INFTY:e;
        }
    }
    cout<<prim()<<"\n";
    return 0;
}