Go: package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"strconv"
)

type AdjacentList struct {
	matrix [][]int
}

func NewEmptyAdjacentList(dim int) *AdjacentList {
	matrix := make([][]int, dim)
	for i := 0; i < dim; i++ {
		matrix[i] = make([]int, dim)
	}
	return &AdjacentList{matrix: matrix}
}

func (al *AdjacentList) set(node int, adjacent int) {
	al.matrix[node-1][adjacent-1] = 1
}

func (al *AdjacentList) findAdjacentsFor(node int) []int {
	adjacents := []int{}
	for i, v := range al.matrix[node-1] {
		if v == 1 {
			adjacents = append(adjacents, i+1)
		}
	}
	return adjacents
}

type DistanceList struct {
	list []int
}

func NewDistanceList(dim int) *DistanceList {
	list := make([]int, dim)
	for i := 0; i < dim; i++ {
		list[i] = -1
	}
	return &DistanceList{list: list}
}

func (dl *DistanceList) set(node int, distance int) {
	dl.list[node-1] = distance
}

func (dl *DistanceList) get(node int) int {
	return dl.list[node-1]
}

func (dl *DistanceList) isVisited(node int) bool {
	return dl.list[node-1] >= 0
}

type Position struct {
	node     int
	distance int
}

func main() {
	sc := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	sc.Split(bufio.ScanWords)

	dim, err := nextInt(sc)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	al := NewEmptyAdjacentList(dim)

	for i := 1; i <= dim; i++ {
		node, err := nextInt(sc)
		if err != nil {
			panic(err)
		}

		adjacentNum, err := nextInt(sc)
		if err != nil {
			panic(err)
		}
		for j := 0; j < adjacentNum; j++ {
			adjacent, err := nextInt(sc)
			if err != nil {
				panic(err)
			}
			al.set(node, adjacent)
		}
	}

	dl := NewDistanceList(dim)

	bfs(al, dl)

	for i := 1; i <= dim; i++ {
		fmt.Printf("%d %d\n", i, dl.get(i))
	}
}

func bfs(al *AdjacentList, dl *DistanceList) {
	stack := []Position{Position{node: 1, distance: 0}}
	for len(stack) > 0 {
		currentPosition := stack[0]
		stack = stack[1:]
		if !dl.isVisited(currentPosition.node) {
			dl.set(currentPosition.node, currentPosition.distance)
		}
		for _, v := range al.findAdjacentsFor(currentPosition.node) {
			stack = append(stack, Position{node: v, distance: currentPosition.distance + 1})
		}
	}
}

func nextInt(sc *bufio.Scanner) (int, error) {
	sc.Scan()
	return strconv.Atoi(sc.Text())
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cstring>
#include <cmath>
#include <limits>
#include <stack>
#include <queue>
#include <map>
#include <set>
#include <functional>
#include <iomanip>

using namespace std;

#ifdef LOCAL
#define eprintf(...) fprintf(stderr, __VA_ARGS__)
#else
#define eprintf(...) 42
#endif
using ll = long long;
using vll = std::vector<ll>;
using vvll = std::vector<vll>;
using vvvll = std::vector<vvll>;
#define reps(i, S, E) for (ll i = (S); i <= (E); i++)
#define rep(i, N) reps(i, 0, N-1)
#define deps(i, E, S) for (ll i = (E); i >= (S); i--)
#define dep(i, N) deps(i, N-1, 0)
const ll INF = 1LL << 60;
const int INF_INT = 1 << 30;

template<class T> inline bool chmax(T &a, T b) { if (a < b) { a = b; return true; }return false; }
template<class T> inline bool chmin(T &a, T b) { if (a > b) { a = b; return true; }return false; }
struct mll {
	static ll MOD;
	ll val;
	mll(ll v = 0) : val(v % MOD) { if (val < 0) val += MOD; }
	mll operator - () const { return -val; }
	mll operator + (const mll &b) const { return val + b.val; }
	mll operator - (const mll &b) const { return val - b.val; }
	mll operator * (const mll &b) const { return val * b.val; }
	mll operator / (const mll &b) const { return mll(*this) /= b; }
	mll operator + (ll b) const { return *this + mll(b); }
	mll operator - (ll b) const { return *this - mll(b); }
	mll operator * (ll b) const { return *this * mll(b); }
	friend mll operator + (ll a, const mll &b) { return b + a; }
	friend mll operator - (ll a, const mll &b) { return -b + a; }
	friend mll operator * (ll a, const mll &b) { return b * a; }
	mll &operator += (const mll &b) { val = (val + b.val) % MOD; return *this; }
	mll &operator -= (const mll &b) { val = (val + MOD - b.val) % MOD; return *this; }
	mll &operator *= (const mll &b) { val = (val*b.val) % MOD; return *this; }
	mll &operator /= (const mll &b) {
		ll c = b.val, d = MOD, u = 1, v = 0;
		while (d) {
			ll t = c / d;
			c -= t * d; swap(c, d);
			u -= t * v; swap(u, v);
		}
		val = val * u % MOD;
		if (val < 0) val += MOD;
		return *this;
	}
	mll &operator += (ll b) { return *this += mll(b); }
	mll &operator -= (ll b) { return *this -= mll(b); }
	mll &operator *= (ll b) { return *this *= mll(b); }
	mll &operator /= (ll b) { return *this /= mll(b); }
	bool operator == (const mll &b) { return val == b.val; }
	bool operator != (const mll &b) { return val != b.val; }
	bool operator == (ll b) { return *this == mll(b); }
	bool operator != (ll b) { return *this != mll(b); }
	friend bool operator == (ll a, const mll &b) { return mll(a) == b.val; }
	friend bool operator != (ll a, const mll &b) { return mll(a) != b.val; }
	friend ostream &operator << (ostream &os, const mll &a) { return os << a.val; }
	friend istream &operator >> (istream &is, mll &a) { return is >> a.val; }
	static mll Combination(ll a, ll b) {
		chmin(b, a - b);
		if (b < 0) return mll(0);
		mll c = 1;
		rep(i, b) c *= a - i;
		rep(i, b) c /= i + 1;
		return c;
	}
};
using vmll = std::vector<mll>;
using vvmll = std::vector<vmll>;
using vvvmll = std::vector<vvmll>;
using vvvvmll = std::vector<vvvmll>;

struct Fast {
	Fast() {
		cin.tie(0);
		ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
		cout << fixed << setprecision(std::numeric_limits<double>::max_digits10);
	}
} fast; //cin,cout高速化のおまじない＋桁数指定

ll mll::MOD = (ll)(1e9 + 7);// 998244353ll;


int main() {
	ll N;
	cin >> N;
	vvll g(N + 1, vll(0));
	rep(i, N) {
		ll I;
		cin >> I;
		ll C;
		cin >> C;
		g[I].resize(C);
		rep(j, C) {
			cin >> g[I][j];
		}
	}

	vll dist(N + 1, -1);
	queue<ll> q;
	dist[1] = 0;
	q.push(1);

	while (q.empty() == false) {
		auto curr = q.front();
		q.pop();

		for (auto next : g[curr]) {
			if (dist[next] >= 0) {
				continue;
			}

			dist[next] = dist[curr] + 1;
			q.push(next);
		}
	}

	reps(i, 1, N) {
		cout << i << " " << dist[i] << endl;
	}

	return 0;
}

C++: #if 0
?????¨?????????1.5h(???????????????)
bfs??????????????¢?´¢???????????°????????§?????????
????????????????´????????????\?????????????????????????????¨????????????????????£??????????????????queue?????????????????¢?????????
main?????§???????????§?§£????????£??\?????????to??£??\??????????????????????????£??????
????????§?????????G????????????cout??§??????(presentation error)?????¨???????????´?????????
#endif

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <queue>
using namespace std;

int n, D[100];
int G[100][100];
void bfs(int src){
	queue<int> q;
	q.push(src);
	D[src]=0;
	while(!q.empty()){
		int cur=q.front();
		q.pop();
		for(int dst=0;dst<n;dst++){
			if(G[cur][dst]==1&&D[dst]==-1){
				D[dst]=D[cur]+1;
				q.push(dst);
			}
		}
	}
};

int main()
{
	vector<int> v[110];
	cin>>n;
	for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
		int u,k;
		cin>>u>>k;
		for(int j=0;j<k;j++){
			int tmp;
			cin>>tmp;
			v[u].push_back(tmp);
		}
	}
	for(int i=0;i<100;i++){
		D[i]=-1;
	}
	for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
		for(int j=0;j<n;j++){
			G[i][j]=0;
		}
	}
	for(int i=1;i<n+1;i++){
		for(int j=0;j<v[i].size();j++){
			G[i-1][v[i][j]-1]=1; //
		}
	}
	bfs(0);
	for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
		cout<<(i+1)<<' '<<D[i]<<endl;
	}
}