Go: // ダイクストラのアルゴリズム
package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"log"
	"math"
	"os"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
)

type color int

const (
	white color = iota // 未訪問
	mst                // MSTとして確定
)

// 頂点
type node struct {
	num       int         // 頂点の番号
	weights   map[int]int // 重みMAP
	parent    *node       // MSTへの重み最小の親
	distFromS int         // 始点からの距離
	color     color
}

func main() {
	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	n := eGetInt(scanner)

	nodes := make([]*node, n)
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		weights := eAtoi((strings.Fields(eGetline(scanner))))
		v := &node{weights[0], make(map[int]int, weights[1]), nil, math.MaxInt32, white}
		for j := 0; j < weights[1]; j++ {
			k := weights[j*2+2] // 相手の頂点名
			w := weights[j*2+3] // 重み
			v.weights[k] = w
		}
		nodes[i] = v
	}

	// 初回はnode[0]がMSTに入るように
	nodes[0].distFromS = 0

	for { // 全部チェックするまで

		// どの頂点を新たにMSTに取り込むか

		var minNode *node
		min := math.MaxInt32
		for _, v := range nodes {
			if v.color == mst {
				continue
			}
			if v.distFromS < min {
				min = v.distFromS
				minNode = v
			}
		}
		if minNode == nil {
			// すべて完了している.
			break
		}

		// MSTに追加する頂点決定
		minNode.color = mst

		// fmt.Printf(">[%v]\n", minNode)
		// MSTに属していない頂点それぞれについて,Startからの最小の重みの距離を更新
		for i, v := range nodes {
			if v.color == mst {
				continue
			}
			w, ok := minNode.weights[i]
			if !ok {
				// minNodeと接してない
				continue
			}

			if minNode.distFromS+w < v.distFromS {
				// minNode経由の距離がもっとも重みが少ないので親を変更
				v.distFromS = minNode.distFromS + w
				v.parent = minNode
				// fmt.Printf("[%v %v]\n", v, minNode)
			}
		}
		// fmt.Printf("<\n")
	}

	for i, v := range nodes {
		fmt.Printf("%d %d\n", i, v.distFromS)
	}
}

func eGetInt(scanner *bufio.Scanner) int {
	t := eAtoi(strings.Fields(eGetline(scanner)))
	return t[0]
}

func eGetline(p *bufio.Scanner) string {
	if !p.Scan() {
		if err := p.Err(); err != nil {
			log.Fatal(err.Error())
		}
		return ""
	}
	return p.Text()
}

func eAtoi(s []string) []int {
	ints := make([]int, len(s))
	var err error
	for i, e := range s {
		ints[i], err = strconv.Atoi(e)
		if err != nil {
			log.Fatal(err.Error())
		}
	}
	return ints
}

C++: #include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
 
#define ll long long
#define vvi vector<vector<int>>
#define vec vector
#define pq priority_queue
#define all(v) (v).begin(), (v).end()
#define uniqueV(x) sort(x.begin(), x.end()); x.erase(unique(x.begin(), x.end()), x.end());
#define rep(i, n) for (int (i) = (0); (i) < (n); ++(i))
#define repp(i, m, n) for (int (i) = (m); (i) < (n); ++(i))
#define debug(x) cerr << #x << ": " << x << endl;
#define debug2(x, y) cerr<<"("<<#x<<", "<<#y<<") = "<<"("<<x<<", "<<y<<")"<<endl;
#define debug3(x, y, z) cerr<<"("<<#x<<", "<<#y<<", "<<#z<<") = "<<"("<<x<<", "<<y<<", "<<z<<")"<<endl;
#define debugB(x, y) cerr<<#x<<": "<<bitset<y>(x) << endl;
#define line() cerr << "---------------" << endl;
 
const int dx[] = {1, -1, 0, 0};
const int dy[] = {0, 0, -1, 1};
const double PI = 3.14159265358979323846;
 
template<typename T>
void printA(vector<T> &printArray, char between = ' ') {
   int paSize = printArray.size();
   for (int i = 0; i < paSize; i++) { cerr << printArray[i] << between;}
   if (between != '\n') {cerr << endl;}
}
 
// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
struct edge { int to, cost; };
struct P { 
   int dist, number; 
   bool operator<(const P &p) const {
      return dist < p.dist;
   }
};
 
const int INF = 1e8;
int n;
vec<vec<edge>> G;
int d[111];

void printDist() {
   rep (i, n) { printf("%d %d\n", i, d[i]); }
}
 
void dijkstra(int s) {
   fill(d, d + n, INF);
   d[s] = 0;
   priority_queue<P> Q;
   Q.push({0, s});
   while (Q.size()) {
      P p = Q.top(); Q.pop();
      int v = p.number;
      if (d[v] < p.dist) continue;
      for (int i = 0; i < G[v].size(); i++) {
         edge e = G[v][i];
         if (d[e.to] > d[v] + e.cost) {
            d[e.to] = d[v] + e.cost;
            Q.push({d[e.to], e.to});
         }
      }
      // printDist();
      // line()
   }
}
 
int main() {
   // 入力
   cin >> n;
   G = vec<vec<edge>>(n);
   rep (i, n) {
      int u, k;
      cin >> u >> k;
      rep (j, k) {
         int v, c;
         cin >> v >> c;
         G[u].push_back({v, c});
      }
   }
 
   // ダイクストラ法
   dijkstra(0);
 
   // 出力
   printDist();
 
   return 0;
}

C++: #include <stdio.h>

using namespace std;


int main(){
	int n,count=0,t,min,min_index,tmp,left_node,right_node,dist;
	scanf("%d",&n);
	int distance[n][n],P[n];

	for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
		for(int k=0;k<n;k++)distance[i][k]=10000001;
		P[i]=0;
	}
	distance[0][0] = 0;
	P[0]=1;

	for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
		scanf("%d %d",&left_node,&tmp);
		for(int k=0;k<tmp;k++){
			scanf("%d %d",&right_node,&dist);
			distance[left_node][right_node] = dist;
		}
	}

	while(count<n-1){

		min=10000001;
		for(int i=1;i<n;i++){
			if(P[i]==0&&distance[0][i]<min){
				min_index = i;
				min = distance[0][i];
			}
		}
		t = min_index;
		P[t]=1;
		count++;

		for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
			if(distance[0][i] > distance[0][t]+distance[t][i]){
				distance[0][i]=distance[0][t]+distance[t][i];
			}
		}
	}

	for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
		printf("%d %d\n",i,distance[0][i]);
	}

    return 0;
}

C++: #include <cstdio>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

static const int MAX_NUM   = 101;
static const int NIL       = 10000001;
static const int NO_VISIT  = 0;
static const int NOW_VISIT = 1;
static const int END_VISIT = 2;

void SSSP(int *pMatrix, int num)
{
    int i;
    int mincost;
    int target;
    int lcost[MAX_NUM];
    int parent[MAX_NUM];
    int state[MAX_NUM];
    int *pList;

    for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
        lcost[i]  = NIL;
        parent[i] = -1;
        state[i]  = NO_VISIT;
    }

    lcost[0]  = 0;
    parent[0] = 0;
    state[0]  = NOW_VISIT;

    for (;;) {
        mincost   = NIL;
        for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
            if ((lcost[i] < mincost) && (state[i] != END_VISIT)) {
                target = i;
                mincost = lcost[i];
            }
        }
        if (mincost == NIL) {
            break;
        }

        state[target] = END_VISIT;
        pList = pMatrix + MAX_NUM * target;
        for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
            if ((*(pList + i) + lcost[target]) < lcost[i]) {
                lcost[i]  = *(pList + i) + lcost[target];
                state[i]  = NOW_VISIT;
                parent[i] = target;
            }
        }
    }

    for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
        printf("%d %d\n", i, lcost[i]);
    }

    return;
}

int main(void)
{
    int i, j;
    int num;
    int tmp;
    int target, elem, cost;
    int matrix[MAX_NUM][MAX_NUM];

    scanf("%d", &num);
    for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
        for (j = 0; j < num; j++) {
            matrix[i][j] = NIL;
        }
    }

    for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
        scanf("%d %d", &target, &tmp);
        for (j = 0; j < tmp; j++) {
            scanf("%d %d", &elem, &cost);
            matrix[target][elem] = cost;
        }
    }

    SSSP(&matrix[0][0], num);

    return 0;
}