Go: package main

/*
グラフの表現 隣接行列による表現
*/

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"log"
	"os"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	scanner := makeScanner(8192)
	n := eGetInt(scanner)
	g := make([][]int, n+1)
	for i := 1; i < n+1; i++ {
		g[i] = make([]int, n+1)
		ints := eGetInts(scanner)
		num := ints[0]
		for j := 0; j < ints[1]; j++ {
			g[num][ints[j+2]] = 1
		}
	}
	dist := make([]int, n+1)
	for i := 0; i < len(dist); i++ {
		dist[i] = -1
	}
	q := []int{}

	// 訪問する
	q = append(q, 1)
	dist[1] = 0

	// キューが空でない限り
	for len(q) > 0 {
		// 先頭を取り出す
		top := 0
		top, q = q[0], q[1:]
		// 隣接マスを入れる.
		for i := 1; i < n+1; i++ {
			// 辺がある
			if g[top][i] == 1 {
				if dist[i] == -1 {
					// 訪問済みでなければ
					q = append(q, i)
					dist[i] = dist[top] + 1
				}
			}
		}
	}
	for i := 1; i < n+1; i++ {
		fmt.Println(i, dist[i])
	}
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// ライブラリ
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
func makeScanner(maxByte int) *bufio.Scanner {
	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	scanner.Buffer(make([]uint8, 0, 8192), maxByte)
	return scanner
}
func makeWordScanner() *bufio.Scanner {
	scanner := makeScanner(8192)
	scanner.Split(bufio.ScanWords)
	return scanner
}
func eGetLine(r *bufio.Scanner) string {
	if r.Scan() {
		return r.Text()
	}
	err := r.Err()
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	// EOF
	return ""
}
func eGetInt(r *bufio.Scanner) int {
	line := eGetLine(r)
	return eAtoi(line)
}
func eGetInt64(r *bufio.Scanner) int64 {
	line := eGetLine(r)
	return eAtoInt64(line)
}
func eGetFields(r *bufio.Scanner) []string {
	line := eGetLine(r)
	return strings.Fields(line)
}
func eGetInts(r *bufio.Scanner) []int {
	fields := eGetFields(r)
	ints := make([]int, len(fields))
	for i := 0; i < len(ints); i++ {
		ints[i] = eAtoi(fields[i])
	}
	return ints
}
func eGetInt64s(r *bufio.Scanner) []int64 {
	fields := eGetFields(r)
	ints := make([]int64, len(fields))
	for i := 0; i < len(ints); i++ {
		ints[i] = eAtoInt64(fields[i])
	}
	return ints
}
func eGetChars(r *bufio.Scanner) []string {
	line := eGetLine(r)
	return strings.Split(line, "")
}
func eAtoi(s string) int {
	n, err := strconv.Atoi(s)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	return n
}
func eAtoInt64(s string) int64 {
	n, err := strconv.ParseInt(s, 10, 64)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	return n
}

C++: #define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#define MAX 2000000000
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <stack>
using namespace std ;

int d[102] = { 0 }, f[102] = { 0 };
int M[102][102];

int main() {
	stack<int> stk;
	int n;
	cin >> n;
	for (int i = 1;i <= n;i++) {
		int k,l,m;
		cin >> m;
		cin >> k;
		for (int j = 0;j < k;j++) {
			cin >> l;
			M[m][l] = 1;
		}
	}
    
	stk.push(1);

    int i = 1,time=1,count=0;
    d[1]=1;
	while (count<n) {
		if (M[stk.top()][i] == 1 && d[i] == 0) {
			stk.push(i);
			time++;
			d[i] = time;
			i = 1;
		}
		else {
			i++;
			if (i > n) {
			    time++;
				f[stk.top()] = time;
				count++;
				stk.pop();
				i=1;
			}
		}
		if(stk.empty()){
		    for(int j=1;j<=n;j++)
		        if(d[j]==0){
		        stk.push(j);
		        time++;
		        d[j]=time;
		    }
		}
	}

	for (int i = 1;i <= n;i++) {
		cout << i << " " << d[i] << " " << f[i] << endl;
	}
  
}

C++: #include<iostream>
#include<queue>

using namespace std;
static const int N = 100;
static const int INFTY = (1 << 21);

int n, M[N][N];
int d[N];

void bfs(int s) {
   queue<int> q;
   q.push(s);
   for ( int i = 0; i < n; i++) d[i] = INFTY;
   d[s] = 0;
   int u;

   while ( !q.empty() ) {
      u = q.front(); q.pop();
      for ( int v = 0; v < n; v++ ) {
         if ( M[u][v] == 0 ) continue;
         if ( d[v] != INFTY ) continue;
         d[v] = d[u] + 1;
         q.push(v);
      }
   }

   for ( int i = 0; i < n; i++ ) {
      cout << i+1 << " " << ( (d[i] == INFTY) ? (-1) : d[i] ) << endl;
   }
}

int main() {
   int u, k, v;

   cin >> n;
   for ( int i = 0; i < n; i++ ) {
      for ( int j = 0; j < n; j++ ) M[i][j] = 0;
   }

   for ( int i = 0; i < n; i++ ) {
      cin >> u >> k;
      u--;

      for (int j = 0; j < k; j++ ) {
         cin >> v;
         v--;
         M[u][v] = 1;
      }
   }

   bfs(0);

   return 0;
}

C++: #include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;

int n,d[100];
bool graph[100][100], visited[100];
queue<int> q;


void bfs(int s){
    q.push(s);

    while(!q.empty()){
        int v=q.front(); q.pop();
        for(int v2=0; v2<n; v2++){
            if(graph[v][v2] && visited[v2]==false){
                d[v2]=d[v]+1; visited[v2]=true;
                q.push(v2);
            }
        }
    }
}


int main(void){
    cin >> n;

    for(int i=0; i<n; i++){
        visited[i]=false;
        d[i]=-1;
        for(int j=0; j<n; j++) graph[i][j]=false;
    }
    for(int i=0; i<n; i++){
        int v,k; cin >> v >> k;
        for(int j=0; j<k; j++){
            int w; cin >> w;
            graph[v-1][w-1]=true;
        }
    }
    d[0]=0;


    q.push(0);
    bfs(0);

    for(int i=0; i<n; i++){
        printf("%d %d\n",i+1, d[i]);
    }

}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstring>
#include <cmath>
#include <map>
#include <set>
#include <vector>
#include <stack>
#include <queue>
#include <bitset>
#include <algorithm>
#include <numeric>
#include <functional>
using namespace std;

#define Rep(b, e, i) for(int i = b; i <= e; i++)
#define Repr(e, b, i) for(int i = e; i >= b; i--)
#define rep(n, i) Rep(0, n-1, i)
#define repr(n, i) Repr(n-1, 0, i)
#define all(v) (v).begin(), (v).end()
#define pb(v) push_back(v)
#define uniq(v) (v).erase(unique(all(v)),(v).end())
#define bitcnt(x) __builtin_popcount(x)
#define fst first
#define snd second
#define Pqaz(T) priority_queue<T,vector<T>,greater<T>>
#define Pqza(T) priority_queue<T>
#define ENJYU std::ios::sync_with_stdio(false);std::cin.tie(0);

typedef long long ll;
typedef pair<ll, ll> llP;
typedef pair<int, int> intP;

//vector の中身を出力
template <class T>ostream &operator<<(ostream &o,const vector<T>&v)
{o<<"{";for(int i=0;i<(int)v.size();i++)o<<(i>0?", ":"")<<v[i];o<<"}";return o;}

const int MAX = 128;

vector <int> adj[MAX];
int d[MAX];

void solve(void){
	int N;
	cin >> N;
	rep(N, i) {
		int u, k;
		cin >> u >> k;
		u--;
		rep(k, i) {
			int v;
			cin >> v;
			v--;
			adj[u].pb(v);
		}
	}
	memset(d, -1, sizeof(d));
	queue <int> q;
	q.push(0);
	d[0] = 0;
	while (!q.empty()) {
		int n = q.front();
		q.pop();
		for (int nv : adj[n]) {
			if (d[nv] > 0) continue;
			d[nv] = d[n] + 1;
			q.push(nv);
		}
	}

	rep(N, i) cout << i+1 << ' ' << d[i] << endl;

}

int main(void){
	solve();
	//cout << "yui(*-v・)yui" << endl;
	return 0;
}

C++: #include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
const ll MOD = 1e9 + 7;
const int inf = 1e9;
const ll INF = 1e18;
const double pi = 3.14159265358979323846;
#define rep(i, n) for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
using Graph = vector<vector<int>>;
using pint = pair<int, int>;
int dx[4] = { 1, 0, -1, 0 }, dy[4] = { 0, 1, 0, -1 };

int main() {
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    Graph g (n);
    queue<int> q;
    rep (i, n) {
        int a, k;
        cin >> a >> k;
        rep (j, k) {
            int b;
            cin >> b;
            g[a - 1].push_back (b - 1);
        }
    }
    int dist[n] = {};
    rep (i, n) dist[i] = -1;
    dist[0] = 0;
    q.push (0);
    while (!q.empty()) {
        int now = q.front();
        q.pop();
        for (auto p : g[now]) {
            if (dist[p] != -1) continue;
            dist[p] = dist[now] + 1;
            q.push (p);
        }
    }
    rep (i, n) {
        cout << i + 1 << " " << dist[i] << "\n";
    }
}