Go: package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"strconv"
)

const (
	MAX_N      = 200
	MAX_WEIGHT = 2000
)

type Edge struct {
	start  int
	end    int
	weight int
}

type ShortestInfo struct {
	edges    []Edge
	shortest int
}

func main() {
	sc := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	sc.Split(bufio.ScanWords)

	n, err := nextInt(sc)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	shortestList := make([]ShortestInfo, n)
	for i := 1; i < n; i++ {
		shortestList[i] = ShortestInfo{edges: []Edge{}, shortest: MAX_N*MAX_WEIGHT + 1}
	}

	adjacentMatrix := make([][]int, n)
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		adjacentMatrix[i] = make([]int, n)
		for j := 0; j < n; j++ {
			v, err := nextInt(sc)
			if err != nil {
				panic(err)
			}
			adjacentMatrix[i][j] = v
		}
	}

	mst([]int{1}, shortestList, adjacentMatrix)
	fmt.Println(shortestList)
	fmt.Println(calculateMinWeight(shortestList))
}

func calculateMinWeight(shortestList []ShortestInfo) int {
	visitedList := make([]bool, len(shortestList))
	visitedList[0] = true
	sumWeight := 0
	for !visitedAll(visitedList) {
		shortestInfo := shortestList[0]
		shortestList = shortestList[1:]
		edges := shortestInfo.edges
		for _, edge := range edges {
			if !visitedList[edge.end-1] {
				visitedList[edge.end-1] = true
				sumWeight += edge.weight
			}
		}
	}
	return sumWeight
}

func visitedAll(visitedList []bool) bool {
	for _, v := range visitedList {
		if !v {
			return false
		}
	}
	return true
}

func mst(nodeStack []int, shortestList []ShortestInfo, adjacentMatrix [][]int) {
	for len(nodeStack) > 0 {
		currentNode := nodeStack[0]
		nodeStack = nodeStack[1:]
		currentShortest := getShortest(currentNode, shortestList)
		adjacents := findAdjacents(currentNode, adjacentMatrix)
		for i := 0; i < len(adjacents); i++ {
			adj := adjacents[i]
			s := getShortest(adj.end, shortestList)
			if currentShortest.shortest+adj.weight < s.shortest || (currentShortest.shortest+adj.weight == s.shortest && len(currentShortest.edges)+1 > len(s.edges)) {
				setShortest(adj.end, adj, currentShortest, shortestList)
				nodeStack = append(nodeStack, adj.end)
			}
		}
	}
}

func getShortest(node int, shortestList []ShortestInfo) ShortestInfo {
	return shortestList[node-1]
}

func setShortest(node int, edge Edge, currentShortest ShortestInfo, shortestList []ShortestInfo) {
	newEdges := make([]Edge, len(currentShortest.edges)+1)
	for i := 0; i < len(newEdges)-1; i++ {
		newEdges[i] = currentShortest.edges[i]
	}
	newEdges[len(newEdges)-1] = edge
	shortestInfo := ShortestInfo{edges: newEdges, shortest: currentShortest.shortest + edge.weight}
	shortestList[node-1] = shortestInfo
}

func findAdjacents(currentNode int, adjacentMatrix [][]int) []Edge {
	adjacents := adjacentMatrix[currentNode-1]
	edges := []Edge{}
	for i, v := range adjacents {
		if v > 0 {
			edges = append(edges, Edge{start: currentNode, end: i + 1, weight: v})
		}
	}
	return edges
}

func nextInt(sc *bufio.Scanner) (int, error) {
	sc.Scan()
	return strconv.Atoi(sc.Text())
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cmath>
#include <cassert>
#define FOR(i,a,b) for(int i=(a);i<(b);i++)
#define REP(i,n) FOR(i,0,n)
#define rep(i,n) FOR(i,0,n)
#define DEBUG(x) cout<<#x<<": "<<x<<endl
#define vint vector<int>
#define vdouble vector<double>
#define vstring vector<string>
using namespace std;
#include <functional>

#include<map>
#include<set>
#include<queue>

typedef long long ll;
typedef unsigned long long ull;

const int MAX_N = 100;

int N;

class Edge{
public:
	int from, to, cost;
	Edge(int from = 0, int to = 0, int cost = 0) :
		from(from), to(to), cost(cost){}
	
	bool operator < (const Edge &e) const{
		return cost < e.cost;
	}
	bool operator > (const Edge &e) const{
		return cost > e.cost;
	}

};

class Node{
public:
	vector<Edge> edges;
	int color;
	Node(){
		color = 0;
	}
};

class Graph{
public:
	vector<Node> nodes;
	Graph(int n) {
		rep(i, n) { Node n;  nodes.push_back(n); }
	}
};

int main() {

	cin >> N;
	Graph g(N);

	rep(i, N)
	   rep(j, N){
		int cost; cin >> cost;
		if (cost != -1){
			Edge e(i, j, cost);
			g.nodes[i].edges.push_back(e);
		}
	}

	rep(i, N) { g.nodes[i].color = 0; }

	int i = 0;
	g.nodes[i].color = 1;

	priority_queue<Edge, vector<Edge>, greater<Edge> > pq;
	for (auto e : g.nodes[i].edges){
		pq.push(e);
	}

	int ret = 0;
	while (!pq.empty()){
		Edge e = pq.top(); pq.pop();
		Node *n = &g.nodes[e.to];
		if (n->color != 0){ continue; }
		
		n->color = 1;
		ret += e.cost;

		for (auto e : n->edges){
			pq.push(e);
		}
	}

	cout << ret << endl;
}

C++: #include<iostream>
#include<vector>
#include<map>
#include<limits>
using namespace std;

const int MAX = numeric_limits<int>::max();

class Node{
public:
  int _id;
  bool _isFound;
  vector<int> _adj_index; // 隣接点のid
  vector<int> _adj_vertices;  // 隣接点との距離(重み)

  void init(int id, int n){
    _id = id;
    _isFound = false;
    for(auto i = 0; i < n; i++){
      _adj_vertices.push_back(MAX);
    }
  }
};

void inputGraph(vector<Node>& graph){
  for(auto i = 0; i < graph.size(); i++){
    graph[i].init(i, graph.size());
    for(auto j = 0; j < graph.size(); j++){
      int tmp;
      cin >> tmp;
      if(tmp != -1){
        graph[i]._adj_index.push_back(j);
        graph[i]._adj_vertices[j] = tmp;
      }
    }
  }
}

int mst(vector<Node>& graph, int search){
  auto sum = 0;
  vector<int> searched; // 木に追加済みのNodeのid
  searched.push_back(search);
  graph[searched[0]]._isFound = true;
  int minNodeIndex;

  while(searched.size() < graph.size()){
    auto compare = MAX;

    for(auto i = 0; i < searched.size(); i++){
      for(auto j = 0; j < graph[searched[i]]._adj_index.size(); j++){
//  cout << "call in for " << j << endl;
//  cout << compare << endl;
        Node searching = graph[searched[i]];
        if(!graph[searching._adj_index[j]]._isFound &&
           searching._adj_vertices[searching._adj_index[j]] < compare){
          // 木の隣接点で最短
          compare = searching._adj_vertices[searching._adj_index[j]];
          minNodeIndex = searching._adj_index[j];
 //         cout << "added" << endl;
        }
      }
    }
    if(compare != MAX){
      sum += compare;
      graph[minNodeIndex]._isFound = true;
      searched.push_back(minNodeIndex);
//      cout << endl << "minNodeIndex:" << minNodeIndex << endl;
    }

  }
  return sum;
}

int main(){
  int n;
  cin >> n;
  vector<Node> graph(n);

  inputGraph(graph);
  cout << mst(graph, 0) << endl;

  return 0;
}

C++: #include <bits/stdc++.h>

using namespace std;

int main() {
    int n; cin >> n;

    int adj[n][n];
    int inf = 2001;

    for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        for(int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
            int k; cin >> k;
            adj[i][j] = k == -1 ? inf : k;
        }
    }

    int sd[n] = {1};
    int ans = 0;

    while(true) {
        int a = -1, c = inf;

        for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            if(sd[i] == 0) { 
                if(a == -1) {
                    a = i;
                }
                continue;
            }
            for(int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
                if(adj[i][j] < c && sd[j] == 0) {
                    c = adj[i][j];
                    a = j;
                }
            }
        }

        if(a == -1) break;

        ans += c;
        sd[a] = 1;
    }

    cout << ans << endl;

}