Go: package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"strconv"
)

const (
	MAX_N      = 200
	MAX_WEIGHT = 2000
)

type Edge struct {
	start  int
	end    int
	weight int
}

type ShortestInfo struct {
	edges    []Edge
	shortest int
}

func main() {
	sc := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	sc.Split(bufio.ScanWords)

	n, err := nextInt(sc)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	shortestList := make([]ShortestInfo, n)
	for i := 1; i < n; i++ {
		shortestList[i] = ShortestInfo{edges: []Edge{}, shortest: MAX_N*MAX_WEIGHT + 1}
	}

	adjacentMatrix := make([][]int, n)
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		adjacentMatrix[i] = make([]int, n)
		for j := 0; j < n; j++ {
			v, err := nextInt(sc)
			if err != nil {
				panic(err)
			}
			adjacentMatrix[i][j] = v
		}
	}

	mst([]int{1}, shortestList, adjacentMatrix)
	fmt.Println(shortestList)
	fmt.Println(calculateMinWeight(shortestList))
}

func calculateMinWeight(shortestList []ShortestInfo) int {
	visitedList := make([]bool, len(shortestList))
	visitedList[0] = true
	sumWeight := 0
	for !visitedAll(visitedList) {
		shortestInfo := shortestList[0]
		shortestList = shortestList[1:]
		edges := shortestInfo.edges
		for _, edge := range edges {
			if !visitedList[edge.end-1] {
				visitedList[edge.end-1] = true
				sumWeight += edge.weight
			}
		}
	}
	return sumWeight
}

func visitedAll(visitedList []bool) bool {
	for _, v := range visitedList {
		if !v {
			return false
		}
	}
	return true
}

func mst(nodeStack []int, shortestList []ShortestInfo, adjacentMatrix [][]int) {
	for len(nodeStack) > 0 {
		currentNode := nodeStack[0]
		nodeStack = nodeStack[1:]
		currentShortest := getShortest(currentNode, shortestList)
		adjacents := findAdjacents(currentNode, adjacentMatrix)
		for i := 0; i < len(adjacents); i++ {
			adj := adjacents[i]
			s := getShortest(adj.end, shortestList)
			if currentShortest.shortest+adj.weight < s.shortest || (currentShortest.shortest+adj.weight == s.shortest && len(currentShortest.edges)+1 > len(s.edges)) {
				setShortest(adj.end, adj, currentShortest, shortestList)
				nodeStack = append(nodeStack, adj.end)
			}
		}
	}
}

func getShortest(node int, shortestList []ShortestInfo) ShortestInfo {
	return shortestList[node-1]
}

func setShortest(node int, edge Edge, currentShortest ShortestInfo, shortestList []ShortestInfo) {
	newEdges := make([]Edge, len(currentShortest.edges)+1)
	for i := 0; i < len(newEdges)-1; i++ {
		newEdges[i] = currentShortest.edges[i]
	}
	newEdges[len(newEdges)-1] = edge
	shortestInfo := ShortestInfo{edges: newEdges, shortest: currentShortest.shortest + edge.weight}
	shortestList[node-1] = shortestInfo
}

func findAdjacents(currentNode int, adjacentMatrix [][]int) []Edge {
	adjacents := adjacentMatrix[currentNode-1]
	edges := []Edge{}
	for i, v := range adjacents {
		if v > 0 {
			edges = append(edges, Edge{start: currentNode, end: i + 1, weight: v})
		}
	}
	return edges
}

func nextInt(sc *bufio.Scanner) (int, error) {
	sc.Scan()
	return strconv.Atoi(sc.Text())
}

C++: //include
//------------------------------------------
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <list>
#include <map>
#include <set>
#include <queue>
#include <deque>
#include <stack>
#include <bitset>
#include <algorithm>
#include <functional>
#include <numeric>
#include <utility>
#include <sstream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cctype>
#include <string>
#include <cstring>
#include <ctime>
#include <limits>
using namespace std;

//repetition
//------------------------------------------
#define FOR(i,a,b) for(int i=(a);i<(b);i++)
#define FORR(i,a,b) for(int i=(a);i>(b);i--)
#define REP(i,n)  FOR(i,0,n)

//conversion
//------------------------------------------
inline int toInt(string s) {int v; istringstream sin(s);sin>>v;return v;}
template<class T> inline string toString(T x) {ostringstream sout;sout<<x;return sout.str();}

//debug
//-------------------------------------------
#define dump(x)  cerr << #x << " = " << (x) << endl;
#define debug(x) cerr << #x << " = " << (x) << " (L" << __LINE__ << ")" << " " << __FILE__ << endl;
#define INF std::numeric_limits<int>::max()

//typedef
//-------------------------------------------
typedef long long ll;

int n;
int g[101][101];

int prim(int used, int sum) {
    if (used == 0) return sum;

    int tmp = INF;
    int use = -1;
    REP(i, n) {
        if ((used>>i)&1) {
            continue;
        }
        REP(j, n) {
            if (((used>>j)&1) && g[i][j] < tmp) {
                tmp = g[i][j];
                use = j;
            }
        }
    }
    return prim(used&(~(1<<use)), sum + tmp);
}

int main() {
    cin.tie(0);
    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);

    cin >> n;
    REP(i, n) REP(j, n) {
        cin >> g[i][j];
        if (g[i][j] < 0) g[i][j] = INF;
    }
    int used = (1<<n) - 1;
    cout << prim(used&(~1), 0) << endl;

    return 0;
}

C++: #include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define rep(i, n) for (int i = 0; i < (n); ++i)
#define repr(i, n) for (int i = (n); i >= 0; --i)
#define FOR(i, m, n) for (int i = (m); i < (n); ++i)
#define FORR(i, m, n) for (int i = (m); i >= (n); --i)
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
const ll mod = 1000000007;
const ll mod2 = 998244353;

const int MAX = 105;
const int INF = 1000000007;
const int white = 0;
const int gray = 1;
const int black = 2;

int n, M[MAX][MAX];

int prim() {
  int u, minv;
  int d[MAX], p[MAX], color[MAX];
  rep(i, n) {
    d[i] = INF;
    p[i] = -1;
    color[i] = white;
  }
  d[0] = 0;
  while (1) {
    minv = INF;
    u = -1;
    rep(i, n) {
      if (minv > d[i] && color[i] != black) {
        u = i;
        minv = d[i];
      }
    }
    if (u == -1) break;
    color[u] = black;
    rep(v, n) {
      if (color[v] != black && M[u][v] != INF) {
        if (d[v] > M[u][v]) {
          d[v] = M[u][v];
          p[v] = u;
          color[v] = gray;
        }
      }
    }
  }
  int sum = 0;
  rep(i, n) {
    if (p[i] != -1) {
      sum += M[i][p[i]];
    }
  }
  return sum;
}

int main() {
  cin >> n;
  rep(i, n) {
    rep(j, n) {
      int e;
      cin >> e;
      M[i][j] = (e == -1) ? INF : e;
    }
  }
  cout << prim() << endl;

  
  return 0;
}

C++: #include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
constexpr int INF = (1 << 30) - 1;

int n;
int dist[105][105];

int prim()
{
    int d[105];
    bool flag[105] = {};
    int cnt = 0, sum = 0;
    fill_n(d, 105, INF);
    d[0] = 0;
    
    while ( true ) {
        int u = -1;
        for ( int i = 0; i < n; i++ ) {
            if ( !flag[i] && (u == -1 || d[u] > d[i] ) ) u = i;
        }
        
        flag[u] = true;
        sum += d[u];
        cnt++;
        if ( cnt == n ) break;

        for ( int i = 0; i < n; i++ ) {
            if ( !flag[i] && dist[u][i] != -1 && d[i] > dist[u][i] ) {
                d[i] = dist[u][i];
            }
        }
    }

    return ( sum );
}

int main()
{
    cin >> n;
    for ( int i = 0; i < n; i++ ) {
        for ( int j = 0; j < n; j++ ) {
            cin >> dist[i][j];
        }
    }
    cout << prim() << endl;
    return ( 0 );
}