Go: package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"strconv"
)

type AdjacentList struct {
	matrix [][]int
}

func NewEmptyAdjacentList(dim int) *AdjacentList {
	matrix := make([][]int, dim)
	for i := 0; i < dim; i++ {
		matrix[i] = make([]int, dim)
	}
	return &AdjacentList{matrix: matrix}
}

func (al *AdjacentList) set(node int, adjacent int) {
	al.matrix[node-1][adjacent-1] = 1
}

func (al *AdjacentList) findAdjacentsFor(node int) []int {
	adjacents := []int{}
	for i, v := range al.matrix[node-1] {
		if v == 1 {
			adjacents = append(adjacents, i+1)
		}
	}
	return adjacents
}

type DistanceList struct {
	list []int
}

func NewDistanceList(dim int) *DistanceList {
	list := make([]int, dim)
	for i := 0; i < dim; i++ {
		list[i] = -1
	}
	return &DistanceList{list: list}
}

func (dl *DistanceList) set(node int, distance int) {
	dl.list[node-1] = distance
}

func (dl *DistanceList) get(node int) int {
	return dl.list[node-1]
}

func (dl *DistanceList) isVisited(node int) bool {
	return dl.list[node-1] >= 0
}

type Position struct {
	node     int
	distance int
}

func main() {
	sc := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	sc.Split(bufio.ScanWords)

	dim, err := nextInt(sc)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	al := NewEmptyAdjacentList(dim)

	for i := 1; i <= dim; i++ {
		node, err := nextInt(sc)
		if err != nil {
			panic(err)
		}

		adjacentNum, err := nextInt(sc)
		if err != nil {
			panic(err)
		}
		for j := 0; j < adjacentNum; j++ {
			adjacent, err := nextInt(sc)
			if err != nil {
				panic(err)
			}
			al.set(node, adjacent)
		}
	}

	dl := NewDistanceList(dim)

	bfs(al, dl)

	for i := 1; i <= dim; i++ {
		fmt.Printf("%d %d\n", i, dl.get(i))
	}
}

func bfs(al *AdjacentList, dl *DistanceList) {
	stack := []Position{Position{node: 1, distance: 0}}
	for len(stack) > 0 {
		currentPosition := stack[0]
		stack = stack[1:]
		if !dl.isVisited(currentPosition.node) {
			dl.set(currentPosition.node, currentPosition.distance)
		}
		for _, v := range al.findAdjacentsFor(currentPosition.node) {
			if !dl.isVisited(v) {
				stack = append(stack, Position{node: v, distance: currentPosition.distance + 1})
			}
		}
	}
}

func nextInt(sc *bufio.Scanner) (int, error) {
	sc.Scan()
	return strconv.Atoi(sc.Text())
}

C++: #include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>
#include <list>
#include <vector>

class TNode
{
	std::list<TNode*> FNexts;
	int  FDistance;
	bool FVisited;
public:
	TNode(int Index)
	: FDistance(-1), FVisited(false)
	{
	}
	
	int GetDistance()const {return FDistance;}
	
	void Push(TNode* New)
	{
		FNexts.push_back(New);
	}
	
	void Visit(int Distance)
	{
		if(FVisited) return;
		FDistance = Distance;
		FVisited  = true;
		for(std::list<TNode*>::iterator It = FNexts.begin(); It != FNexts.end(); ++It){
			(*It)->Visit(Distance + 1);
		}
	}
};

class TGraph
{
	std::vector<TNode*> FNodes;
	std::vector<int> FDistances;
public:
	TGraph(int Count)
	: FNodes(Count + 1), FDistances(Count + 1, -1)
	{
		for(int i = 1; i < Count + 1; ++i){
			FNodes[i] = new TNode(i);
		}
	}
	
	~TGraph()
	{
		for(unsigned int i = 1; i < FNodes.size(); ++i){
			delete FNodes[i];
		}
	}
	
	void InputNode()
	{
		int Index;
		std::cin >> Index;
		int BranchCount;
		std::cin >> BranchCount;
		for(int i = 0; i < BranchCount; ++i){
			int Target;
			std::cin >> Target;
			FNodes[Index]->Push(FNodes[Target]);
		}
	}
	
	void BreathFirstSearch()
	{
		FNodes[1]->Visit(0);
	}
	
	int Distance(int Target)const
	{
		return FNodes[Target]->GetDistance();
	}
};

int main()
{
	int Count;
	std::cin >> Count;
	TGraph Graph(Count);
	for(int i = 0; i < Count; ++i){
		Graph.InputNode();
	}
	Graph.BreathFirstSearch();
	
	for(int i = 0; i < Count; ++i){
		std::cout << i + 1 << " " << Graph.Distance(i + 1) << std::endl;
	}
	return 0;
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <queue>
#define rep(i, n) for(int i = 0; i < (int)(n); ++i)
#define REP(i, n) for(int i = 1; i < (int)(n); ++i)
using namespace std;

int n;
vector<vector<int>> graph(100);
queue<int> q;
vector<int> dist(100, -1);

void BFS() {
    int u = q.front();
    q.pop();
    for (int v : graph[u]) {
        if (dist[v] == -1) {
            dist[v] = dist[u] + 1;
            q.push(v);
        }
    }
    return;
}

int main() {
    cin >> n;
    rep(i, n) {
        int u, k;
        cin >> u >> k;
        rep(i, k) {
            int v;
            cin >> v;
            graph[u - 1].push_back(v - 1);
        }
    }
    
    q.push(0);
    dist[0] = 0;
    while (q.size() > 0) BFS();
    rep(i, n) cout << i + 1 << " " << dist[i] << endl;
    return 0;
}

C++: /*
　　　  ∧＿∧　やあ
　　 （´・ω・｀)　　　　　/　　　　　ようこそ、バーボンハウスへ。
　　 ／∇y:::::＼　　　 [￣]　　　　　このテキーラはサービスだから、まず飲んで落ち着いて欲しい。
　　 |:⊃:|:::::|　　　|──|
￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣|　うん、「また」なんだ。済まない。
￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣|￣　  仏の顔もって言うしね、謝って許してもらおうとも思っていない。
￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣／|
　　　　∇　∇　∇　∇　　　／.／|　　　でも、この提出を見たとき、君は、きっと言葉では言い表せない
　　　　┴　┴　┴　┴　／ ／　  |　　　「ときめき」みたいなものを感じてくれたと思う。
￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣|／　　  |　　　殺伐としたコンテストの中で、そういう気持ちを忘れないで欲しい
￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣　　　　 |　　　そう思って、この提出を投げたんだ。
　　　(⊆⊇)　(⊆⊇)　(⊆⊇)　　|
　    ||　　 ||　　||　　|　　　 じゃあ、判定を聞こうか。
　　.／|＼　／|＼ ／|＼
*/

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <algorithm>
#include <array>
#include <bitset>
#include <climits>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstdio>
#include <list>
#include <map>
#include <numeric>
#include <queue>
#include <set>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
#define fst first
#define snd second
#define mp make_pair
#define ALL(obj) (obj).begin(),(obj).end()
#define FOR(i,a,b) for(int i=(a);i<(b);i++)
#define RFOR(i,a,b) for(int i = (b-1);i>=a;i--)
#define REP(i,n)  FOR(i,0,n)
#define RREP(i,n) RFOR(i,0,n) 
#define SIZE(x) ((int)(x).size())
#define debug(x) cerr << #x << " -> " << x << " (line:" << __LINE__ << ")" << '\n';
#define debugpair(x, y) cerr << "(" << #x << ", " << #y << ") -> (" << x << ", " << y << ") (line:" << __LINE__ << ")" << '\n';
typedef long long lint;
typedef pair<int, int> pint;
typedef pair<lint, lint> plint;
typedef vector<lint> vec;
typedef vector<vector<lint>> matrix;
typedef priority_queue<lint> p_que;
typedef priority_queue<lint, vector<lint>, greater<lint>> p_que_rev;
const lint INF = INT_MAX;
const lint LINF = LLONG_MAX;
const lint MOD = 1000000000 + 7;
const double EPS = 1e-9;
const double PI = acos(-1);
const int di[]{0, -1, 0, 1, -1, -1, 1, 1};
const int dj[]{1, 0, -1, 0, 1, -1, -1, 1};

lint gcd(lint a, lint b) {
    lint r;
    while (b != 0) {
        r = a % b;
        a = b; 
        b = r;
    }
    return a;
}

lint lcm(lint a, lint b) {
    return (a / gcd(a, b)) * b;
}

lint power(lint x, lint n, lint mod = MOD) {
    lint ret = 1;
    while(n > 0) {
        if(n & 1){
            (ret *= x) %= mod;
        }
        (x *= x) %= mod;
        n >>= 1;
    }
    return ret;
}

vector<lint> make_power(int n, lint base){
    lint num = 1;
    vector<lint> ret;
    for (int i=0; i<=n; ++i){
        ret.push_back(num);
        num *= base;
    }
    return ret;
}

int main()
{
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    vector<vector<int>> graph;
    graph.resize(n);
    vector<int> d(n, -1);
    d[0] = 0;
    int u, k, dst;
    REP(i, n){
        cin >> u >> k;
        u--;
        REP(j, k){
            cin >> dst;
            dst--;
            graph[u].push_back(dst);
        }
    }
    queue<pint> queue;
    queue.push(make_pair(0, 0));
    while(!queue.empty()){
        auto t = queue.front();
        queue.pop();
        //debugpair(t.fst, t.snd);
        REP(j, (int)graph[t.fst].size()){
            int l = graph[t.fst][j];
            if(d[l] == -1){
                d[l] = t.snd + 1;
            }
            else {
                d[l] = min(d[l], t.snd + 1);
            }
            queue.push(make_pair(l, t.snd + 1));
        }
    }
    REP(i, n){
        cout << (i+1) << " " << d[i] << endl;
    }
    return 0;
}