Go: package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"strconv"
)

func getScanner(fp *os.File) *bufio.Scanner {
	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(fp)
	scanner.Split(bufio.ScanWords)
	scanner.Buffer(make([]byte, 500001), 500000)
	return scanner
}

func getNextString(scanner *bufio.Scanner) string {
	scanner.Scan()
	return scanner.Text()
}

func getNextInt(scanner *bufio.Scanner) int {
	i, _ := strconv.Atoi(getNextString(scanner))
	return i
}

func main() {
	fp := os.Stdin
	if len(os.Args) > 1 {
		fp, _ = os.Open(os.Args[1])
	}

	scanner := getScanner(fp)
	writer := bufio.NewWriter(os.Stdout)

	n := getNextInt(scanner)
	nodes := make([]Node, n)

	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		nodes[i].list = make([]int, 0)
		nodes[i].d = -1
	}

	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		u := getNextInt(scanner)
		k := getNextInt(scanner)
		u--
		for ii := 0; ii < k; ii++ {
			v := getNextInt(scanner)
			v--
			nodes[u].list = append(nodes[u].list, v)
		}
	}

	queue := make([]int, n)
	queue[0] = 0
	nodes[0].d = 0
	d := 0
	i, j := 0, 1
	for i < j {
		d++
		prev := j
		for i < prev {
			for k, l := 0, len(nodes[queue[i]].list); k < l && i < n; k++ {
				if nodes[nodes[queue[i]].list[k]].d != -1 {
					continue
				}
				nodes[nodes[queue[i]].list[k]].d = d
				queue[j] = nodes[queue[i]].list[k]
				j++
			}
			i++
		}
	}

	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		fmt.Fprintln(writer, fmt.Sprintf("%d %d", i+1, nodes[i].d))
	}

	writer.Flush()
}

// Node ...
type Node struct {
	list []int
	d    int
}

C++: #include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<cstdio>
#include<algorithm>
#include<queue>
using namespace std;


int n;

string *color = new string[n];

int *d = new int[n];

queue<int> q;

int c[100][100];

void bfs(){
  color[0] = "gray";
  d[0] = 0;

  q.push(0);


  while(q.size() != 0){
    int u = q.front();
    q.pop();

    for(int v = 0; v < n; v++){
      if(c[u][v] == 1 && color[v] == "white"){
        color[v] = "gray";
        d[v] = d[u] + 1;
        q.push(v);
      }

    }
    color[u] = "black";
  }
}

int main(){

  cin >> n;

  color = new string[n];

  d = new int[n];


  for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
    for(int j = 0; j < n; j++){
      c[i][j] = 0;
    }
  }

  for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
    int x;
    cin >> x;
    int k;
    cin >> k;
    for(int j = 0; j < k; j++){
      int v;
      cin >> v;
      c[i][v - 1] = 1;
    }
  }

  for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
    color[i] = "white";
  }

  for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
    d[i] = -1;
  }

  bfs();





  for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
    cout << i + 1 << ' ' << d[i] << endl;
  }




  return 0;
}

C++: #include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstring>

#include <iostream>
#include <complex>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>
#include <vector>
#include <queue>
#include <stack>
#include <map>
#include <set>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <unordered_set>

#include <functional>
#include <cassert>

typedef long long ll;
using namespace std;

#define debug(x) cerr << __LINE__ << " : " << #x << " = " << (x) << endl;

#define mod 1000000007 //1e9+7(prime number)
#define INF 1000000000 //1e9
#define LLINF 2000000000000000000LL //2e18
#define SIZE 100010


int main(){
  int n;
  bool connected[200][200] = {};
  
  scanf("%d", &n);

  for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
    int u, k, v;

    scanf("%d%d", &u, &k);
    u--;
    
    for(int j=0;j<k;j++){
      scanf("%d", &v);
      v--;

      connected[u][v] = true;
    }
  }

  queue<int> q1, q2;
  bool visited[200] = {};
  int ans[200];

  for(int i=0;i<n;i++) ans[i] = -1;
  
  q1.push(0);

  for(int i=0;q1.size();i++){

    while(q1.size()){
      int p = q1.front();
      q1.pop();

      if(visited[p]) continue;
      visited[p] = true;

      ans[p] = i;
      
      for(int j=0;j<n;j++){
        if(connected[p][j]){
          q2.push(j);
        }
      }
    }

    q1 = q2;
  }

  for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
    printf("%d\n", ans[i]);
  
  return 0;
}

C++: #include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
#include<vector>
#include<stack>
#include<queue>
#include<list>
#include<string>
#include<cstring>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cmath>
using namespace std;

const int NIL = -1;
const int MAX = 20001;

int G[101][101];
int color[101], d[101];
int t = 0;

int main(void)
{
	int n, k, v, u;
	queue<int>Q;
	cin >> n;
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
		cin >> u >> k;
		for (int i = 0; i < k; i++) {
			cin >> v;
			G[u][v] = 1;
		}
	}
	for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
		d[i] = MAX;
	color[1] = 1;
	d[1] = 0;
	Q.push(1);
	while (Q.size()) {
		u = Q.front();
		Q.pop();
		for (int v = 1; v <= n; v++) {
			if (G[u][v] && color[v] == 0) {
				color[v] = 1;
				d[v] = d[u] + 1;
				Q.push(v);
			}
		}
		color[u] = 2;
	}
	for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
		if (d[i] == MAX)
			d[i] = -1;
	}
	for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
		cout << i << " " << d[i] << endl;
	}
	return 0;
}

C++: #include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include<iostream>
#include<queue>
using namespace std;

char s[13][1];
int D[102][102];
int A[100],f[100],w,h,n,sx,sy,gx,gy,e,g[100];
int   kensa(int ,int);
int main(){
	queue<int> P;
	int i,j,a,b,c,d;
	for(i=0;i<100;i++){
		for(j=0;j<100;j++){
			D[i][j]=-1;		
		}					
	}						
	for(i=0;i<100;i++){		
		A[i]=0;				
		f[i]=-1;
		g[i]=0;
	}							
	scanf("%d" ,&a);//     a=4
	for(i=1;i<=a;i++){
        scanf("%d",&b);		//
		scanf("%d",&b);			//b=2					//
		for(j=1;j<=b;j++){		//
		scanf("%d",&c);			//					//
		D[i][c]=1;
//
		}						//D[???][???]
	}				
	for(i=1;i<=a;i++){
		for(j=1;j<=a;j++){
		//	printf("%d %d %d\n",i,j,D[i][j]);
		}	
	}//
	P.push(1);
	//P???1
	f[1]=0;
	while(!P.empty()){			//
		d=P.front();
		//
		A[d]=1;
		//
		P.pop();				//
		for(i=1;i<=a;i++){
			//printf("%d %d %d\n",d,i,D[d][i]);//
			if(D[d][i]==-1){		//
			continue;			//
			}					//
			if(A[i]==1){		//
			continue;			//
			}					//
			P.push(i);			//
			f[i]=g[d]+1;
			g[i]=g[d]+1;
			A[i]=1;
			//printf("%d\n",P.back());
		}	
	}							//
	for(i=1;i<=a;i++){			//
	printf("%d %d\n",i, f[i]);	//
	}
	return 0;
}