Go: package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"strconv"
)

func getScanner(fp *os.File) *bufio.Scanner {
	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(fp)
	scanner.Split(bufio.ScanWords)
	scanner.Buffer(make([]byte, 500001), 500000)
	return scanner
}

func getNextString(scanner *bufio.Scanner) string {
	scanner.Scan()
	return scanner.Text()
}

func getNextInt(scanner *bufio.Scanner) int {
	i, _ := strconv.Atoi(getNextString(scanner))
	return i
}

func main() {
	fp := os.Stdin
	if len(os.Args) > 1 {
		fp, _ = os.Open(os.Args[1])
	}

	scanner := getScanner(fp)
	writer := bufio.NewWriter(os.Stdout)

	n := getNextInt(scanner)
	nodes := make([]Node, n)

	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		nodes[i].list = make([]int, 0)
		nodes[i].d = -1
	}

	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		u := getNextInt(scanner)
		k := getNextInt(scanner)
		u--
		for ii := 0; ii < k; ii++ {
			v := getNextInt(scanner)
			v--
			nodes[u].list = append(nodes[u].list, v)
		}
	}

	queue := make([]int, n)
	queue[0] = 0
	nodes[0].d = 0
	d := 0
	i, j := 0, 1
	for i < j {
		d++
		prev := j
		for i < prev {
			for k, l := 0, len(nodes[queue[i]].list); k < l && i < n; k++ {
				if nodes[nodes[queue[i]].list[k]].d != -1 {
					continue
				}
				nodes[nodes[queue[i]].list[k]].d = d
				queue[j] = nodes[queue[i]].list[k]
				j++
			}
			i++
		}
	}

	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		fmt.Fprintln(writer, fmt.Sprintf("%d %d", i+1, nodes[i].d))
	}

	writer.Flush()
}

// Node ...
type Node struct {
	list []int
	d    int
}

C++: #include<iostream>
#include<queue>

using namespace std;
static const int N = 100;
static const int INFTY = (1<<21); // ?????????????????????(2^21)

int n,M[N][N];
int d[N]; // ?????¢??§?¨??????¶???(color)???????????????

void bfs(int s){
	queue<int> q; // ?¨??????????????????????queue????????¨
	q.push(s);
	for(int i=0;i<n;i++) d[i] = INFTY; // ???????????????????????§??°?????\?????????
	d[s] = 0;
	int u;
	while(!q.empty()){
		u = q.front(); q.pop(); // ?????\???????????????u???????????????
		for(int v=0;v<n;v++){
			if(M[u][v] == 0) continue; // ??????u????????????v??????????????????????????°??????
			if(d[v] != INFTY) continue; // ??????v????????§????¨???????????????¨???????????°??????
			d[v] = d[u] + 1; // ??????v????????????u?????°?????????+1?????°??????????????\?????????
			q.push(v); // ?????\????????????v?????\??????
		}
	}
	for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
		cout << i+1 << " " << ((d[i] == INFTY) ? (-1) : d[i]) << endl; // ??????i?????°????????????INFTY??????-1???????????\???????????°????????????????????????
	}
}

int main(){
	int u, k, v;

	cin >> n;
	for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
		 for(int j=0;j<n;j++) M[i][j] = 0;
	}

	for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
		cin >> u >> k;
		u--;
		for(int j=0;j<k;j++){
			cin >> v;
			v--;
			M[u][v] = 1;
		}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <queue>
using namespace std;
static const int N = 100;
static const int NAV = -1;

int M[N][N];

void bfs(int s, int n, int M[N][N], int d[]) {
    queue<int> Q;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) d[i] = NAV;
    d[s] = 0;
    Q.push(s);

    int u;
    while (!Q.empty()) {
        u = Q.front();
        Q.pop();
        for (int v = 0; v < n; v++) {
            if (M[u][v] != 0 && d[v] == NAV) {
                d[v] = d[u] + 1;
                Q.push(v);
            }
        }
    }
}

int main() {
    int n, u, k, v;
    cin >> n;

    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
            M[i][j] = 0;
        }
    }

    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        cin >> u >> k;
        u--;
        for (int j = 0; j < k; j++) {
            cin >> v;
            v--;
            M[u][v] = 1;
        }
    }

    int d[n];
    bfs(0, n, M, d);

    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        cout << i + 1 << " " << d[i] << endl;
    }

    return 0;
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <queue>

using namespace std;
static const int N = 100;
static const int INFTY = (1<<21);

int n, M[N][N];
int d[N]; // ?????¢??§?¨??????¶???(color)???????????????

void bfs(int s) {
  queue<int> q; // ?¨?????????????????????? queue ????????¨
  q.push(s);
  for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) d[i] = INFTY;
  d[s] = 0;
  int u;
  while (!q.empty()) {
    u = q.front(); q.pop();
    for (int v = 0; v < n; v++) {
      if (M[u][v] == 0) continue;
      if (d[v] != INFTY) continue;
      d[v] = d[u] + 1;
      q.push(v);
    }
  }
  for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
    cout << i + 1 << ' ' << ( (d[i] == INFTY) ? (-1) : d[i]) << endl;
  }
}

int main() {
  int u, k, v, i, j;

  cin >> n;
  for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
    for (j = 0; j < n; j++) M[i][j] = 0;
  }

  for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
    cin >> u >> k;
    u--;
    for (j = 0; j < k; j++) {
      cin >> v;
      v--;
      M[u][v] = 1;
    }
  }

  bfs(0);

  return 0;
}

C++: #include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include<queue>
using namespace std;

queue<int>Q;
int n, M[101][101], s[101];

void bfs()
{
	Q.push(1);
	s[1] = 0;

	int id = 1;

	while (true)
	{
		for (int pid = 1; pid <= n; pid++)
		{
			if (M[id][pid] == 1 && s[pid] == -1)
			{
				Q.push(pid);
				s[pid] = s[id] + 1;
			}
		}

		Q.pop();

		if (!Q.empty())
			id = Q.front();
		else
			break;
	}
}

int main()
{
	int id, pid, k;
	memset(M, 0, sizeof(M));
	memset(s, -1, sizeof(s));

	cin >> n;

	for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
	{
		cin >> id >> k;

		for (int j = 1; j <= k; j++)
		{
			cin >> pid;
			M[id][pid] = 1;
		}
	}

	bfs();

	for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
		cout << i << " " << s[i] << endl;

	return 0;
}

C++: #include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define rep(i, n) for (int i = 0; i < (n); ++i)
using namespace std;
using ll = long long;
using P = pair<int, int>;

int main()
{
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    vector<vector<bool>> G(n, vector<bool>(n));
    rep(i, n)
    {
        int u, k;
        cin >> u >> k;
        rep(j, k)
        {
            int v;
            cin >> v;
            G[u - 1][v - 1] = true;
        }
    }
    queue<int> Q;
    Q.push(0);
    vector<bool> visited(n);
    vector<int> dis(n, -1);
    visited[0] = true;
    dis[0] = 0;
    while (!Q.empty())
    {
        int v = Q.front();
        Q.pop();
        rep(i, n)
        {
            if (G[v][i] && !visited[i])
            {
                Q.push(i);
                dis[i] = dis[v] + 1;
                visited[i] = true;
            }
        }
    }
    rep(i, n) printf("%d %d\n", i + 1, dis[i]);
    return 0;
}