Go: package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
)

var scanner = bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)

func nextString() string {
	scanner.Scan()
	return scanner.Text()
}

func nextInt() int {
	n, err := strconv.Atoi(nextString())
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("strconv.Atoi failed: %v\n", err)
	}
	return n
}

func stringifyArray(arr []int) string {
	return strings.TrimRight(fmt.Sprintf("%+v", arr)[1:], "]")
}

var infty = 1000000000

type nodeKey int

type DirectedGraphNode struct {
	key       nodeKey
	adjacents []*DirectedGraphNode
	visited   bool
	d         int
	parent    *DirectedGraphNode
}

type DirectedGraph struct {
	nodes []DirectedGraphNode
}

func (g *DirectedGraph) setAdjacency(l, r nodeKey) {
	g.nodes[l].adjacents = append(g.nodes[l].adjacents, &g.nodes[r])
}

func newDirectedGraph(nNodes int) *DirectedGraph {
	graph := DirectedGraph{}
	graph.nodes = make([]DirectedGraphNode, nNodes)
	for iNodes := 0; iNodes < nNodes; iNodes++ {
		graph.nodes[iNodes].key = nodeKey(iNodes)

		graph.nodes[iNodes].visited = false
		graph.nodes[iNodes].d = infty
		graph.nodes[iNodes].parent = nil
	}
	return &graph
}

type QueueEntry struct {
	node *DirectedGraphNode
	next *QueueEntry
}

type Queue struct {
	head, tail *QueueEntry
}

func (q *Queue) enqueue(node *DirectedGraphNode) {
	entry := QueueEntry{}
	entry.node = node

	if q.tail == nil {
		q.head = &entry
		q.tail = &entry
		return
	}

	q.tail.next = &entry
	q.tail = q.tail.next
}

func (q *Queue) dequeue() *QueueEntry {
	if q.head == nil {
		return nil
	}
	poped := q.head
	q.head = q.head.next
	if q.head == nil {
		q.tail = nil
	}
	return poped
}

func (q *Queue) isEmpty() bool {
	return q.head == nil
}

func fillDistancesByBreadthFirstSearch(g *DirectedGraph, startNode *DirectedGraphNode) {
	startNode.visited = true
	startNode.d = 0

	queue := Queue{}
	queue.enqueue(startNode)
	for !queue.isEmpty() {
		u := queue.dequeue().node
		for _, adjacent := range u.adjacents {
			if !adjacent.visited {
				adjacent.visited = true
				adjacent.d = u.d + 1
				adjacent.parent = u
				queue.enqueue(adjacent)
			}
		}
		u.visited = true
	}
}

func main() {
	scanner.Split(bufio.ScanWords)

	nNodes := nextInt()
	g := newDirectedGraph(nNodes + 1)

	for iNode := 0; iNode < nNodes; iNode++ {
		nodeKeyLeft := nodeKey(nextInt())
		nAdj := nextInt()
		for iAdj := 0; iAdj < nAdj; iAdj++ {
			nodeKeyRight := nodeKey(nextInt())
			g.setAdjacency(nodeKeyLeft, nodeKeyRight)
		}
	}

	// fmt.Println(g)
	fillDistancesByBreadthFirstSearch(g, &g.nodes[1])
	// fmt.Println(g)

	for iNode := 1; iNode <= nNodes; iNode++ {
		node := g.nodes[iNode]
		distance := node.d
		if distance == infty {
			distance = -1
		}
		fmt.Println(node.key, distance)
	}
}

C++: #include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

inline int toInt(string s) {int v; istringstream sin(s);sin>>v;return v;}
template<class T> inline string toString(T x) {ostringstream sout;sout<<x;return sout.str();}

typedef long long ll;
typedef vector<int> VI;
typedef vector<VI> VVI;
typedef vector<string> VS;
typedef pair<int, int> P;
typedef tuple<int,int,int> tpl;

#define ALL(a)  (a).begin(),(a).end()
#define RALL(a) (a).rbegin(), (a).rend()
#define SORT(c) sort((c).begin(),(c).end())
#define REVERSE(c) reverse((c).begin(),(c).end())
#define LB(a,x) lower_bound((a).begin(), (a).end(), x) - (a).begin()
#define UB(a,x) upper_bound((a).begin(), (a).end(), x) - (a).begin()

#define FOR(i,a,b) for(int i=(a);i<(b);++i)
#define REP(i,n)  FOR(i,0,n)
#define RFOR(i,a,b) for(int i=(a)-1;i>=(b);--i)
#define RREP(i,n) RFOR(i,n,0)

#define en "\n"

const double EPS = 1e-9;
const double PI  = acos(-1.0);
const int INT_INF = 2147483647;
const long long LL_INF = 1LL<<60;
const long long MOD = 1000000007;

#define CLR(a) memset((a), 0 ,sizeof(a))

#define dump(x)  cerr << #x << " = " << (x) << endl;
#define debug(x) cerr << #x << " = " << (x) << " (L" << __LINE__ << ")" << " " << __FILE__ << endl;

template<class T> inline bool chmax(T& a, T b) { if (a < b) { a = b; return true; } return false; }
template<class T> inline bool chmin(T& a, T b) { if (a > b) { a = b; return true; } return false; }

struct Node{
    int id, v;
    bool done = false;
    Node(int id, int v=INT_INF): id(id), v(v) {}
    Node(): id(0), v(INT_INF) {}

    bool operator==(const Node& x) { return v == x.v; }
    bool operator!=(const Node& x) { return v != x.v; }
    bool operator<(const Node& x) { return v < x.v; }
    bool operator>(const Node& x) { return v > x.v; }
    bool operator<=(const Node& x) { return v <= x.v; }
    bool operator>=(const Node& x) { return v >= x.v; }

    bool comp(Node node){
        return v < node.v;
    }
};

struct Edge{
    int from, to, cost, id;
    Edge(int from, int to, int cost=1, int id=-1): from(from), to(to), cost(cost), id(id) {}

    bool comp(Edge e){
        return cost < e.cost;
    }
};

struct Graph{
    int N;
    vector<vector<Edge>> adj;
    vector<Node> node;

    Graph(int N): N(N) {
        adj.resize(N, vector<Edge>());
        node.resize(N);
        for(int i=0; i<N; ++i) node[i].id = i;
    }

    Graph() {}

    void add_edge(int i, int j, int cost=1, int id=-1){
        Edge e(i, j, cost, id);
        adj[i].emplace_back(e);
    }

    vector<Edge> get_adj(Node node){
        return adj[node.id];
    }

    void assign(int n){
        N = n;
        adj.assign(N, vector<Edge>());
        node.assign(N, Node());
        for(int i=0; i<N; ++i) node[i].id = i;
    }
};

int main(void){
    int n; cin >> n;
    Graph G(n);

    REP(i,n){
        int u,k; cin >> u >> k;
        u--;
        REP(j,k){
            int v; cin >> v;
            v--;
            G.add_edge(u,v);
        }
    }

    queue<Node> q;
    G.node[0].v = 0;
    q.push(G.node[0]);
    while(q.size()){
        Node nd = q.front(); q.pop();
        if(G.node[nd.id].done) continue;
        G.node[nd.id].done = true;
        G.node[nd.id].v = nd.v;
        for(Edge e : G.adj[nd.id]){
            q.push(Node(e.to, nd.v+1));
        }
    }

    REP(i,n){
        cout << i+1 << " ";
        cout << (G.node[i].v == INT_INF ? -1 : G.node[i].v) << en;
    }
    return 0;
}

C++: //ALDS1_11_C
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#define  N     1000
using namespace std;

void BFS(vector<vector<int> > A, vector<int> &d, vector<int> &visit, int v){
	if(v == 0){
		d[0] = 0;
		visit[0] = 1;
	}

	for(int i=0;i<A[v].size();i++){
		if((A[v][i] == 1) && (d[i] > d[v]+1)){
			d[i] = d[v]+1;
			visit[i] = 1;
			BFS(A, d, visit, i);
		}
	}	
}

int main(){
	int n, u, k;
	vector<vector<int> > A;
	vector<int> d, visit;

	cin>>n;
	A.resize(n);
	for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
		A[i].resize(n);
		d.push_back(N);
		visit.push_back(0);
	}

	for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
		for(int j=0;j<n;j++)
			A[i][j] = 0;

	for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
		cin>>u>>k;
		int v;
		
		for(int j=0;j<k;j++){
			cin>>v;
			A[u-1][v-1] = 1;
		}
	}

	BFS(A, d, visit, 0);
	for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
		if(visit[i] == 0)
			d[i] = -1;

	for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
		cout<<i+1<<" "<<d[i]<<endl;

	return 0;
}