Go: package main

/*
グラフの表現 隣接行列による表現
*/

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"log"
	"os"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	scanner := makeScanner(8192)
	n := eGetInt(scanner)
	g := make([][]int, n+1)
	for i := 1; i < n+1; i++ {
		g[i] = make([]int, n+1)
		ints := eGetInts(scanner)
		num := ints[0]
		for j := 0; j < ints[1]; j++ {
			g[num][ints[j+2]] = 1
		}
	}
	dist := make([]int, n+1)
	for i := 0; i < len(dist); i++ {
		dist[i] = -1
	}
	q := []int{}

	// 訪問する
	q = append(q, 1)
	dist[1] = 0

	// キューが空でない限り
	for len(q) > 0 {
		// 先頭を取り出す
		top := 0
		top, q = q[0], q[1:]
		// 隣接マスを入れる.
		for i := 1; i < n+1; i++ {
			// 辺がある
			if g[top][i] == 1 {
				if dist[i] == -1 {
					// 訪問済みでなければ
					q = append(q, i)
					dist[i] = dist[top] + 1
				}
			}
		}
	}
	for i := 1; i < n+1; i++ {
		fmt.Println(i, dist[i])
	}
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// ライブラリ
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
func makeScanner(maxByte int) *bufio.Scanner {
	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	scanner.Buffer(make([]uint8, 0, 8192), maxByte)
	return scanner
}
func makeWordScanner() *bufio.Scanner {
	scanner := makeScanner(8192)
	scanner.Split(bufio.ScanWords)
	return scanner
}
func eGetLine(r *bufio.Scanner) string {
	if r.Scan() {
		return r.Text()
	}
	err := r.Err()
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	// EOF
	return ""
}
func eGetInt(r *bufio.Scanner) int {
	line := eGetLine(r)
	return eAtoi(line)
}
func eGetInt64(r *bufio.Scanner) int64 {
	line := eGetLine(r)
	return eAtoInt64(line)
}
func eGetFields(r *bufio.Scanner) []string {
	line := eGetLine(r)
	return strings.Fields(line)
}
func eGetInts(r *bufio.Scanner) []int {
	fields := eGetFields(r)
	ints := make([]int, len(fields))
	for i := 0; i < len(ints); i++ {
		ints[i] = eAtoi(fields[i])
	}
	return ints
}
func eGetInt64s(r *bufio.Scanner) []int64 {
	fields := eGetFields(r)
	ints := make([]int64, len(fields))
	for i := 0; i < len(ints); i++ {
		ints[i] = eAtoInt64(fields[i])
	}
	return ints
}
func eGetChars(r *bufio.Scanner) []string {
	line := eGetLine(r)
	return strings.Split(line, "")
}
func eAtoi(s string) int {
	n, err := strconv.Atoi(s)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	return n
}
func eAtoInt64(s string) int64 {
	n, err := strconv.ParseInt(s, 10, 64)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	return n
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <queue>
using namespace  std;

const int nIMPOS = -1;
struct StDist
{
  int m_nDist;
  int m_nDone;

  StDist(int nDist) : m_nDist(nDist), m_nDone(0)
  { }
};

void fnInput(vector<vector<int>>& rvvnAdjcy, vector<StDist>& rvoDist)
{
  int nxSiz;
  cin >> nxSiz;

  rvvnAdjcy.resize(nxSiz + 1, vector<int>(nxSiz + 1, 0));
  for (int i = 0; i < nxSiz; ++i)
  {
    int nx, nySiz;
    cin >> nx >> nySiz;
    for (int j = 0; j < nySiz; ++j)
    {
      int ny;
      cin >> ny;
      rvvnAdjcy[nx][ny] = 1;
    }
  }
  StDist oDist(nIMPOS);
  rvoDist.resize(nxSiz + 1, oDist);
}

void fnBreadthFirstSearch(const vector<vector<int>>& cnrvvnAdjcy, 
                          queue<int>& rqnBFSrch, vector<StDist>& rvoDist)
{
  while (rqnBFSrch.size())
  {
    int nx = rqnBFSrch.front(); rqnBFSrch.pop();
    if (rvoDist[nx].m_nDist == nIMPOS)  continue;

    for (int ny = 1; ny < cnrvvnAdjcy[nx].size(); ++ny)
    {
      if (cnrvvnAdjcy[nx][ny] == 1  &&
          rvoDist[nx].m_nDone == 0)
      {
        int nDist = rvoDist[nx].m_nDist + 1;
        if (rvoDist[ny].m_nDist == nIMPOS)
          rvoDist[ny].m_nDist = nDist;
        else
          rvoDist[ny].m_nDist = min(rvoDist[ny].m_nDist, nDist);

        rqnBFSrch.push(ny);
      }
    }
    rvoDist[nx].m_nDone = 1;
  }
}

void fnResult(const vector<StDist>& cnrvoDist)
{
  for (int i = 1; i < cnrvoDist.size(); ++i)
    cout << i <<  " " << cnrvoDist[i].m_nDist << endl;
}

int main()
{
  cin.tie(0);
  ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
  vector<vector<int>> vvnAdjcy;
  queue<int>  qnBFSrch;
  vector<StDist> voDist;

  fnInput(vvnAdjcy, voDist);

  voDist[1].m_nDist = 0;
  qnBFSrch.push(1);
  fnBreadthFirstSearch(vvnAdjcy, qnBFSrch, voDist);
  fnResult(voDist);

  return 0;
}

C++: #include<iostream>
#include<iomanip>
#include<algorithm>
#include<string>
#include<vector>
#include<deque>
#include<queue>

using std::cout;
using std::cin;
using std::setw;
using std::setfill;
using std::string;
using std::pair;
using std::make_pair;
using std::vector;
using std::queue;
using std::deque;
using std::priority_queue;
using std::next_permutation;
//using std::iota;
using std::sort;
using std::greater;
using std::max;
using std::min;

#define INF 999999999;
#define MOD 1000000007

#define EVEL 1

#ifndef EVEL
#define dbug(X) std::cout << #X << ":" <<X<<" " ;
#define dbugf(s) std::cout << s << " ";
#define dbugln std::cout<<"\n";
#else
#define dbug(X) {}
#define dbugf(s) {}
#define dbugln {}
#endif

int n;
vector<vector<int>> l;
queue<pair<int, int>> lq;
int Min[100];
bool flag[100];

int main(){
	cin.tie(0);
	std::ios::sync_with_stdio(false);

    cin >> n;
    l.resize(n);
    for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
        Min[i] = -1;
        int u, k, v;
        cin >> u >> k;
        for(int j = 0; j < k; j++){
            cin >> v;
            l[u-1].push_back(v-1);
        }
    }

    lq.push(make_pair(0, 0));
    while(!lq.empty()){

        pair<int, int> f = lq.front();lq.pop();
        dbug(f.first)dbug(f.second)dbugln;
        if(Min[f.first] == -1)Min[f.first] = f.second;
        else Min[f.first] = min(f.second, Min[f.first]);
        dbug(Min[f.first])dbugln;
        if(!flag[f.first]){
            for(int i = 0; i < l[f.first].size(); i++){
                lq.push(make_pair( l[f.first][i], f.second+1 ));
                dbug(l[f.first][i])dbug(f.second+1)dbugln;
            }
        }
        flag[f.first] = true;
        dbugln
    }

    for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
        cout << i+1 << " " << Min[i] << "\n";
    }

    return 0;
}