Go: package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"strconv"
)

type AdjacentList struct {
	matrix [][]int
}

func NewEmptyAdjacentList(dim int) *AdjacentList {
	matrix := make([][]int, dim)
	for i := 0; i < dim; i++ {
		matrix[i] = make([]int, dim)
	}
	return &AdjacentList{matrix: matrix}
}

func (al *AdjacentList) set(node int, adjacent int) {
	al.matrix[node-1][adjacent-1] = 1
}

func (al *AdjacentList) findAdjacentsFor(node int) []int {
	adjacents := []int{}
	for i, v := range al.matrix[node-1] {
		if v == 1 {
			adjacents = append(adjacents, i+1)
		}
	}
	return adjacents
}

type DistanceList struct {
	list []int
}

func NewDistanceList(dim int) *DistanceList {
	list := make([]int, dim)
	for i := 0; i < dim; i++ {
		list[i] = -1
	}
	return &DistanceList{list: list}
}

func (dl *DistanceList) set(node int, distance int) {
	dl.list[node-1] = distance
}

func (dl *DistanceList) get(node int) int {
	return dl.list[node-1]
}

func (dl *DistanceList) isVisited(node int) bool {
	return dl.list[node-1] >= 0
}

type Position struct {
	node     int
	distance int
}

func main() {
	sc := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	sc.Split(bufio.ScanWords)

	dim, err := nextInt(sc)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	al := NewEmptyAdjacentList(dim)

	for i := 1; i <= dim; i++ {
		node, err := nextInt(sc)
		if err != nil {
			panic(err)
		}

		adjacentNum, err := nextInt(sc)
		if err != nil {
			panic(err)
		}
		for j := 0; j < adjacentNum; j++ {
			adjacent, err := nextInt(sc)
			if err != nil {
				panic(err)
			}
			al.set(node, adjacent)
		}
	}

	dl := NewDistanceList(dim)

	bfs(al, dl)

	for i := 1; i <= dim; i++ {
		fmt.Printf("%d %d\n", i, dl.get(i))
	}
}

func bfs(al *AdjacentList, dl *DistanceList) {
	stack := []Position{Position{node: 1, distance: 0}}
	for len(stack) > 0 {
		currentPosition := stack[0]
		stack = stack[1:]
		if !dl.isVisited(currentPosition.node) {
			dl.set(currentPosition.node, currentPosition.distance)
		}
		for _, v := range al.findAdjacentsFor(currentPosition.node) {
			if !dl.isVisited(v) {
				stack = append(stack, Position{node: v, distance: currentPosition.distance + 1})
			}
		}
	}
}

func nextInt(sc *bufio.Scanner) (int, error) {
	sc.Scan()
	return strconv.Atoi(sc.Text())
}

C++: #include <cstdio>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <cstring>
#include <queue>
#include <algorithm>
#include <utility>
#define rep(i,n) for(int i=0; i<(n); ++i)
#define reps(i, s, n) for(int i=(s); i<=(n); ++i)
#define outl(x) cout<< (x) << '\n'
#define fi first
#define se second
#define mkp make_pair

#define INF 0x3f3f3f3f
#define NIL -1
using namespace std;

int N;
vector <int> G[102];
int far[102];

void slv()
{
   queue <int> que;
   que.push(1);
   memset( far, NIL, sizeof(far) );
   far[1] = 0;

   while(!que.empty()){
      const int u = que.front();
      que.pop();
      rep(i, G[u].size()){
         const int next = G[u][i];
         if( far[next] == NIL ){
            far[next] = far[u] + 1;
            que.push( next );
         }
      }
   }

   reps(i, 1, N)
      cout << i <<  ' ' <<  far[i]  << '\n';
   return;
}

signed main()
{
   cin.tie(0), ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
   cin >> N;

   reps(i, 1, N){
      int u, k, a;
      cin >> u >> k;
      while(k--){
         cin >> a;
         G[u].push_back(a);
      }
   }

   slv();
   return (0);
}

C++: #include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define rep(i,n) for(int i = 0; i < (int)(n); i++)
#define rrep(ri,n) for(int ri = (int)(n-1); ri >= 0; ri--)
#define rep2(i,x,n) for(int i = (int)(x); i < (int)(n); i++)
#define repit(itr,x) for(auto itr = x.begin(); itr != x.end(); itr++)
#define rrepit(ritr,x) for(auto ritr = x.rbegin(); ritr != x.rend(); ritr++)
#define ALL(n) begin(n), end(n)
using ll = long long;
using namespace std;

int main(){
  int n;
  cin >> n;
  vector<vector<int>> gr(n, vector<int>());
  rep(i, n){
    int u, k;
    cin >> u >> k;
    u--;
    rep(j, k){
      int a;
      cin >> a;
      a--;
      gr.at(u).push_back(a);
    }
  }
  vector<int> ans(n, -1);
  ans.at(0) = 0;
  queue<int> q;
  q.push(0);
  while(!q.empty()){
    int now = q.front(); q.pop();
    for(auto i : gr.at(now)){
      if(ans.at(i) == -1){
        ans.at(i) = ans.at(now)+1;
        q.push(i);
      }
    }
  }
  rep(i, n){
    cout << i+1 << " " << ans.at(i) << endl;
  }
  return 0;
}