Go: package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"strconv"
)

const (
	MAX_N      = 200
	MAX_WEIGHT = 2000
)

type Edge struct {
	start  int
	end    int
	weight int
}

type ShortestInfo struct {
	edges    []Edge
	shortest int
}

func main() {
	sc := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	sc.Split(bufio.ScanWords)

	n, err := nextInt(sc)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	shortestList := make([]ShortestInfo, n)
	for i := 1; i < n; i++ {
		shortestList[i] = ShortestInfo{edges: []Edge{}, shortest: MAX_N*MAX_WEIGHT + 1}
	}

	adjacentMatrix := make([][]int, n)
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		adjacentMatrix[i] = make([]int, n)
		for j := 0; j < n; j++ {
			v, err := nextInt(sc)
			if err != nil {
				panic(err)
			}
			adjacentMatrix[i][j] = v
		}
	}

	mst([]int{1}, shortestList, adjacentMatrix)
	fmt.Println(shortestList)
	fmt.Println(calculateMinWeight(shortestList))
}

func calculateMinWeight(shortestList []ShortestInfo) int {
	visitedList := make([]bool, len(shortestList))
	visitedList[0] = true
	sumWeight := 0
	for !visitedAll(visitedList) {
		shortestInfo := shortestList[0]
		shortestList = shortestList[1:]
		edges := shortestInfo.edges
		for _, edge := range edges {
			if !visitedList[edge.end-1] {
				visitedList[edge.end-1] = true
				sumWeight += edge.weight
			}
		}
	}
	return sumWeight
}

func visitedAll(visitedList []bool) bool {
	for _, v := range visitedList {
		if !v {
			return false
		}
	}
	return true
}

func mst(nodeStack []int, shortestList []ShortestInfo, adjacentMatrix [][]int) {
	for len(nodeStack) > 0 {
		currentNode := nodeStack[0]
		nodeStack = nodeStack[1:]
		currentShortest := getShortest(currentNode, shortestList)
		adjacents := findAdjacents(currentNode, adjacentMatrix)
		for i := 0; i < len(adjacents); i++ {
			adj := adjacents[i]
			s := getShortest(adj.end, shortestList)
			if currentShortest.shortest+adj.weight < s.shortest || (currentShortest.shortest+adj.weight == s.shortest && len(currentShortest.edges)+1 > len(s.edges)) {
				setShortest(adj.end, adj, currentShortest, shortestList)
				nodeStack = append(nodeStack, adj.end)
			}
		}
	}
}

func getShortest(node int, shortestList []ShortestInfo) ShortestInfo {
	return shortestList[node-1]
}

func setShortest(node int, edge Edge, currentShortest ShortestInfo, shortestList []ShortestInfo) {
	newEdges := make([]Edge, len(currentShortest.edges)+1)
	for i := 0; i < len(newEdges)-1; i++ {
		newEdges[i] = currentShortest.edges[i]
	}
	newEdges[len(newEdges)-1] = edge
	shortestInfo := ShortestInfo{edges: newEdges, shortest: currentShortest.shortest + edge.weight}
	shortestList[node-1] = shortestInfo
}

func findAdjacents(currentNode int, adjacentMatrix [][]int) []Edge {
	adjacents := adjacentMatrix[currentNode-1]
	edges := []Edge{}
	for i, v := range adjacents {
		if v > 0 {
			edges = append(edges, Edge{start: currentNode, end: i + 1, weight: v})
		}
	}
	return edges
}

func nextInt(sc *bufio.Scanner) (int, error) {
	sc.Scan()
	return strconv.Atoi(sc.Text())
}

C++: #include<iostream>
using namespace std;
static const int MAX=100;
static const int INFTY=(1<<21);
static const int WHITE=0;
static const int GRAY=1;
static const int BLACK=2;

int n,M[MAX][MAX];

int prim(){
    int u, minv;
    int d[MAX],p[MAX],color[MAX];
    
    for (int i=0; i<n; i++){
        d[i]=INFTY; //∞
        p[i]=-1;
        color[i]=WHITE;
    }
    d[0]=0;
    
    while(1){
        minv=INFTY;
        u=-1;
        for (int i=0; i<n; i++){
            if(minv>d[i] && color[i]!=BLACK){
                u=i;
                minv=d[i];
            }
        }
        if(u==-1) break;
        color[u]=BLACK;
        for (int v=0; v<n; v++){
            if(color[v]!=BLACK && M[u][v]!=INFTY){
                if(d[v]>M[u][v]){
                    d[v]=M[u][v];
                    p[v]=u;
                    color[v]=GRAY;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    int sum=0;
    for (int i=0; i<n; i++){
        if(p[i]!=-1) sum+=M[i][p[i]];
    }
    return sum;
}

int main(){
    cin >> n;
    for (int i=0; i<n; i++){
        for (int j=0; j<n; j++){
            int e; cin >> e;
            M[i][j]=(e==-1) ? INFTY:e;
        }
    }
    
    cout << prim() << endl;
    return 0;
}

C++: #include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
const int MAX=100;
const int INF=(1<<21);
const int WHI=0;
const int GRA=1;
const int BLA=2;

int n,M[MAX][MAX];

int prim(){
  int u,minv;
  int d[MAX],p[MAX],color[MAX];

  for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
    d[i]=INF;
    p[i]=-1;
    color[i]=WHI;
  }

  d[0]=0;
  while(1){
    minv=INF;
    u=-1;

    for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
      if(minv>d[i] && color[i]!=BLA){
	u=i;
	minv=d[i];
      }
    }

    if(u==-1){
      break;
    }

    color[u]=BLA;//ここで訪問に記録

    for(int v=0;v<n;v++){
      if(color[v]!=BLA && M[u][v]!=INF){//まだ行くところがある && u,vに辺が通っている
	if(M[u][v]<d[v]){
	  d[v]=M[u][v];
	  p[v]=u;
	  color[v]=GRA;
	}
      }
    }
  }
  int sum=0;
  for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
    if(p[i]!=-1){
      sum+=M[i][p[i]];
    }
  }
  return sum;
}

int main(){
  cin>>n;
  for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
    for(int j=0;j<n;j++){
      int e;
      cin>>e;
      if(e==-1){
	M[i][j]=INF;
      }else{
	M[i][j]=e;
      }
    }
  }
  cout<<prim()<<endl;

  return 0;
}

C++: #include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#define MAX 100
#define INF (1<<21)
#define WHITE 0
#define GRAY 1
#define BLACK 2

int n,M[MAX][MAX];

int prim(){
  int u,minv;
  int d[MAX],p[MAX],color[MAX];

  for(int i = 0;i<n;i++){
    d[i] = INF;
    p[i] = -1;
    color[i] = WHITE;
  }

  d[0] = 0;

  while(1){
    minv = INF;
    u=-1;
    for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
      if(minv > d[i] && color[i] != BLACK){
	u=i;
	minv = d[i];
      }
    }
    if(u==-1) break;
    color[u] = BLACK;
    for(int v=0;v<n;v++){
      if(color[v] != BLACK && M[u][v] != INF){
	if(d[v] > M[u][v]){
	  d[v] = M[u][v];
	  p[v] = u;
	  color[v] =GRAY;
	}
      }
    }
  }
  int sum = 0;
  for(int i = 0;i<n;i++){
    if(p[i] != -1)sum += M[i][p[i]];
  }
  return sum;
}

int main(){
  cin >> n;

  for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
    for(int j = 0;j<n;j++){
      int e;
      cin >> e;
      M[i][j] = (e == -1) ? INF : e;
    }
  }
  cout << prim() << endl;
  
  return 0;
}

C++: #include<cstdio>
#include<queue>
using namespace std;

static const int MAX = 100;
static const int INFTY = (1 << 30);
static const int WHITE = 0;
static const int GRAY = 1;
static const int BLACK = 2;

int color[MAX];
int M[MAX][MAX];
int d[MAX];
int p[MAX];
int n;
int prim()
{
	int u, minv;
	for(int i=0; i<n; i++)
	{
		d[i] = INFTY;
		p[i] = -1;
		color[i] = WHITE;
	}

	d[0] = 0;

	while(1)
	{
		minv = INFTY;
		u = -1;
		for(int i=0; i<n; i++)
		{
			if(minv > d[i] && color[i] != BLACK)
			{
				u = i;
				minv = d[i];
			}
		}

		if(u == -1) break;
		color[u] = BLACK;
		for(int v=0; v<n; v++)
		{
			if(color[v] != BLACK && M[u][v] != INFTY)
			{
				if(d[v] > M[u][v]){
					d[v] = M[u][v];
					p[v] = u;
					color[v] = GRAY;
				}
			}
		}
	}

	int sum = 0;
	for(int i=0; i<n; i++)
	{
		if(p[i] != -1)
			sum += M[i][p[i]];
	}
	return sum;
}

int main()
{
	scanf("%d", &n);

	for(int i=0; i<n; i++)
	{
		for(int j=0; j<n; j++)
		{
			int e;
			scanf("%d", &e);
			M[i][j] = (e == -1) ? INFTY:e;
		}
	}

	printf("%d\n", prim());

	return 0;
}