Go: package main

/*
グラフの表現 隣接行列による表現
*/

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"log"
	"os"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	scanner := makeScanner(8192)
	n := eGetInt(scanner)
	g := make([][]int, n+1)
	for i := 1; i < n+1; i++ {
		g[i] = make([]int, n+1)
		ints := eGetInts(scanner)
		num := ints[0]
		for j := 0; j < ints[1]; j++ {
			g[num][ints[j+2]] = 1
		}
	}
	dist := make([]int, n+1)
	for i := 0; i < len(dist); i++ {
		dist[i] = -1
	}
	q := []int{}

	// 訪問する
	q = append(q, 1)
	dist[1] = 0

	// キューが空でない限り
	for len(q) > 0 {
		// 先頭を取り出す
		top := 0
		top, q = q[0], q[1:]
		// 隣接マスを入れる.
		for i := 1; i < n+1; i++ {
			// 辺がある
			if g[top][i] == 1 {
				if dist[i] == -1 {
					// 訪問済みでなければ
					q = append(q, i)
					dist[i] = dist[top] + 1
				}
			}
		}
	}
	for i := 1; i < n+1; i++ {
		fmt.Println(i, dist[i])
	}
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// ライブラリ
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
func makeScanner(maxByte int) *bufio.Scanner {
	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	scanner.Buffer(make([]uint8, 0, 8192), maxByte)
	return scanner
}
func makeWordScanner() *bufio.Scanner {
	scanner := makeScanner(8192)
	scanner.Split(bufio.ScanWords)
	return scanner
}
func eGetLine(r *bufio.Scanner) string {
	if r.Scan() {
		return r.Text()
	}
	err := r.Err()
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	// EOF
	return ""
}
func eGetInt(r *bufio.Scanner) int {
	line := eGetLine(r)
	return eAtoi(line)
}
func eGetInt64(r *bufio.Scanner) int64 {
	line := eGetLine(r)
	return eAtoInt64(line)
}
func eGetFields(r *bufio.Scanner) []string {
	line := eGetLine(r)
	return strings.Fields(line)
}
func eGetInts(r *bufio.Scanner) []int {
	fields := eGetFields(r)
	ints := make([]int, len(fields))
	for i := 0; i < len(ints); i++ {
		ints[i] = eAtoi(fields[i])
	}
	return ints
}
func eGetInt64s(r *bufio.Scanner) []int64 {
	fields := eGetFields(r)
	ints := make([]int64, len(fields))
	for i := 0; i < len(ints); i++ {
		ints[i] = eAtoInt64(fields[i])
	}
	return ints
}
func eGetChars(r *bufio.Scanner) []string {
	line := eGetLine(r)
	return strings.Split(line, "")
}
func eAtoi(s string) int {
	n, err := strconv.Atoi(s)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	return n
}
func eAtoInt64(s string) int64 {
	n, err := strconv.ParseInt(s, 10, 64)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	return n
}

C++: //16D8103013E Sen Shunkou
#include<iostream>
#include<queue>
int n;
int cnt=0;

int main(){
    //input
    int n;
    std::cin>>n;

    int cnt=0;
    int A[100][100];
    int dis_min[n];
    bool visited[n];

    for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
        for(int j=0;j<n;j++){
            A[i][j]=0;
        }
    }

    for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
        std::cin>>A[i][0];
        std::cin>>A[i][1];
        for(int j=0;j<A[i][1];j++){
            std::cin>>A[i][j+2];
        }
    }

    for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
        dis_min[i]=-1;
    }

    //initialization
    std::queue<int> que;
    que.push(0);
    //std::cout<<"\n"<<que.front()<<"\n";
    //std::cout<<que.size()<<"\n\n";

    while(!que.empty()){
        int q=que.size();
        for(int k=0;k<q;k++){
            //std::cout<<"quesize"<<que.size()<<"\n";
            int i=que.front();
            que.pop();
            visited[i]=true;
            dis_min[i]=cnt;
            //std::cout<<i<<"cnt"<<cnt<<"\n";
            if(A[i][1]!=0){
                for(int j=0;j<A[i][1];j++){
                    if(visited[A[i][j+2]-1]!=true){
                        visited[A[i][j+2]-1]=true;
                        que.push(A[i][j+2]-1);
                        //std::cout<<A[i][j+2]-1<<"\n";
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        cnt++;
        //std::cout<<"cnt="<<cnt<<"\n";
    }

    //std::cout<<"===========\n";
    for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
        std::cout<<i+1<<" "<<dis_min[i]<<std::endl;
    }
    return 0;
}

C++: /*
　　こんにちは。あたしはｶｳｶﾞｰﾙ。
　　redcoderになるためAtCoderを巡る旅をしてます。

　　　 　 ＿_
　　　 ヽ|＿_|ノ　　　　ﾓｫ
　　　　||‘‐‘||ﾚ　　_)_, ―‐ 、
　　　　/(Ｙ (ヽ＿ /・ ヽ　　 ￣ヽ
　　　　∠ ＿ ゝ　 ｀^ヽ ﾉ.::::_(ノヽ
　　　　 _/ヽ　 　　  /ヽ￣￣/ヽ
*/

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
#define dump(x) cout << #x << " = " << (x) << endl
#define YES(n) cout << ((n) ? "YES" : "NO") << endl
#define Yes(n) cout << ((n) ? "Yes" : "No") << endl
#define POSSIBLE(n) cout << ((n) ? "POSSIBLE" : "IMPOSSIBLE") << endl
#define Possible(n) cout << ((n) ? "Possible" : "Impossible") << endl

#define rep(i, n) REP(i, 0, n)                  // 0, 1, ..., n-1
#define REP(i, x, n) for(int i = x; i < n; i++) // x, x + 1, ..., n-1
#define FOREACH(x, a) for(auto &(x) : (a))

#define ALL(v) (v).begin(), (v).end()
#define RALL(v) (v).rbegin(), (v).rend()

#define COUT(x) cout << (x) << endl

template <class T> inline bool chmax(T &a, T b) {
    if(a < b) {
        a = b;
        return 1;
    }
    return 0;
}
template <class T> inline bool chmin(T &a, T b) {
    if(a > b) {
        a = b;
        return 1;
    }
    return 0;
}

using Graph = vector<vector<int>>;

int main() {
    cin.tie(0);
    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);

    int n;
    cin >> n;
    Graph G(n);
    rep(i, n) {
        int u, k;
        cin >> u >> k;
        u--;
        rep(j, k) {
            int v;
            cin >> v;
            v--;
            G[u].push_back(v);
        }
    }

    vector<int> dist(n, -1);
    queue<int> que;

    dist[0] = 0;
    que.push(0);

    while(!que.empty()) {
        int v = que.front();
        que.pop();

        for(auto nv : G[v]) {
            if(dist[nv] != -1) continue;
            dist[nv] = dist[v] + 1;
            que.push(nv);
        }
    }

    rep(i, n) { cout << i + 1 << " " << dist[i] << endl; }
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <queue>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstring>
#include <climits>
using namespace std;

const int MAX = 110;
int mat[MAX][MAX];
int dist[MAX], done[MAX];
int n;

void bfs(int s)
{
  int t = 0;
  queue<int> que;
  que.push(s);
  dist[s] = 0;
  while (!que.empty()) {
    int i = que.front(); que.pop();
    if (done[i]) continue;
    done[i] = 1;
    for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
      if (mat[i][j]) {
        dist[j] = min(dist[j], dist[i]+1);
        que.push(j);
      }
    }
  }
}

int main()
{
  cin >> n;

  memset(mat, 0, sizeof(mat));
  for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
    int u; cin >> u; u--;
    int k; cin >> k;
    for (int j = 0; j < k; j++) {
      int v; cin >> v; v--;
      mat[u][v] = 1;
    }
  }

  fill(dist, dist+MAX, INT_MAX);
  memset(done, 0, sizeof(done));
  bfs(0);
  for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
    printf("%d %d\n", i+1, (dist[i]==INT_MAX?-1:dist[i]));

  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}