Go: package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"strconv"
)

type Queue []int

func (q *Queue) push(v int) {
	*q = append(*q, v)
}

func (q *Queue) pop() int {
	v := (*q)[0]
	*q = (*q)[1:]
	return v
}

func main() {
	sc := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	sc.Split(bufio.ScanWords)

	nVerts := scanInt(sc)
	graph := make([][]int, nVerts+1)

	for i := 0; i < nVerts; i++ {
		u := scanInt(sc)
		nDegrees := scanInt(sc)

		graph[u] = make([]int, nDegrees)
		for d := 0; d < nDegrees; d++ {
			graph[u][d] = scanInt(sc)
		}
	}

	paths := make([]int, nVerts+1)

	queue := Queue(make([]int, 0))
	queue.push(1)

	paths[1] = 1
	d := 2
	for len(queue) > 0 {
		u := queue.pop()

		pushed := false
		for _, v := range graph[u] {
			if paths[v] == 0 {
				paths[v] = d
				queue.push(v)
				pushed = true
			}
		}
		if pushed {
			d += 1
		}
	}

	w := bufio.NewWriter(os.Stdout)
	for i := 1; i <= nVerts; i++ {
		fmt.Fprintf(w, "%d %d\n", i, paths[i]-1)
	}
	w.Flush()
}

func scanInt(sc *bufio.Scanner) int {
	sc.Scan()
	v, _ := strconv.Atoi(sc.Text())
	return v
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <queue>

int d[110];

int main() {
  int n;
  std::cin >> n;
  int G[110][110];
  for(int i=0; i<n; ++i) {
    for(int j=0; j<n; ++j) G[i][j] = 0;
  }

  for(int i=0; i<n; ++i) {
    d[i] = -1;
  }

  for(int i=0; i<n; ++i) {
    int u, k;
    std::cin >> u >> k;
    u--;
    for(int j=0; j<k; ++j) {
      int v;
      std::cin >> v;
      v--;
      G[u][v] = 1;
    }
  }

  std::queue<int> que;
  que.push(0);
  int dist = 0;
  d[0] = 0;

  while(!que.empty()) {
    // キューから一番最初を取り出す
    int u = que.front();
    que.pop();

    for(int v=0; v<n; ++v) {
      if(G[u][v] == 1 && d[v] == -1) {
        que.push(v);
        d[v] = d[u]+1;
      }
    }
  }

  for(int i=0; i<n; ++i) {
    std::cout << i+1 << " " << d[i] << std::endl;
  }
}

C++: #define _USE_MATH_DEFINES
#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
#include<string>
#include<iomanip>
#include<cmath>
#include<vector>
#include<deque>
#include<queue>
#include<map>
#include<set>
#define ll long long
#define vec vector
#define vll vec<ll>
#define dou(s) atof(s.c_str())
#define lon(s) atoll(s.c_str())
#define str(n) to_string(n)
#define rep(i,a,b) for(ll i=a;i<b;i++)
#define rrep(i,b,a) for(ll i=b;i>=a;i--)
#define ALL(a) a.begin(),a.end()
#define rALL(a) a.rbegin(),a.rend()
#define line "\n"
#define mav(a) (*max_element(ALL(a)))
#define miv(a) (*min_element(ALL(a)))
#define vfind(a,n) (find(ALL(a),n)-a.begin())
#define prque priority_queue
#define MOD 1000000007ll
using namespace std;
void solve();
int main() {
	cin.tie(0);
	ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
	solve();
}

//nCk(mod p)
/*ll fac[510000], finv[510000], inv[510000];
void cmodf(ll p = MOD) {
	fac[0] = fac[1] = 1;
	finv[0] = finv[1] = 1;
	inv[1] = 1;
	rep(i, 2, 510000) {
		fac[i] = fac[i - 1] * i%p;
		inv[i] = p - inv[p%i] * (p / i) % p;
		finv[i] = finv[i - 1] * inv[i] % p;
	}
}
ll cmod(ll n, ll k, ll p = MOD) {
	return fac[n] * (finv[k] * finv[n - k] % p) % p;
}*/

//最大公約数
ll gcd(ll n, ll m) {
	ll k = n % m;
	while (k != 0) { n = m; m = k; k = n % m; }
	return m;
}
ll gcd(vector<ll> a) {
	rep(i, 1, a.size()) {
		ll k = a[i - 1] % a[i];
		while (k != 0) {
			a[i - 1] = a[i];
			a[i] = k;
			k = a[i - 1] % a[i];
		}
	}
	return a.back();
}

//最小公倍数
ll lcm(ll n, ll m) {
	ll t = n * m, k = n % m;
	while (k != 0) { n = m; m = k; k = n % m; }
	return t / m;
}
ll lcm(vector<ll> a) {
	ll n;
	rep(i, 1, a.size()) {
		n = a[i - 1] * a[i];
		ll k = a[i - 1] % a[i];
		while (k != 0) {
			a[i - 1] = a[i];
			a[i] = k;
			k = a[i - 1] % a[i];
		}
		n /= a[i];
		a[i] = n;
	}
	return n;
}

//keyの小さい方から探していった時に初めてvalueがjoken以上になる時のkey（keyが増えたらvalueも増えるか同じになるとき）
ll value(ll key) {
	/*変更*/
	return 0;
}
ll mini(ll lkey, ll rkey/*ここも調べる*/, ll joken) {
	ll mkey;
	while (lkey != rkey) {
		mkey = (lkey + rkey) / 2;
		if (value(mkey) >= joken)rkey = mkey;
		else lkey = mkey + 1;
	}
	return rkey;
}

//ペア配列の整理
struct cpl {
	ll f, s;
	bool operator<(const cpl &c) const {
		return f != c.f ? f < c.f : s < c.s;
	};
};

//変数定義
ll n; vec<vll> a, c; vll le;
//再帰関数
void f(ll i, ll l) {
	rep(j, 0, n) {
		if (a[i][j] == 1) {
			c[l].push_back(j);
			le[j] = l + 1;
		}
	}
}
bool g(ll i) {
	if (c[i].size() == 0)return false;
	rep(j, 0, c[i].size()) {
		rep(k, 0, n) {
			a[k][c[i][j]] = 0;
		}
	}
	return true;
}
//アルゴリズム
void solve() {
	cin >> n;
	a.resize(n, vll(n, 0));
	rep(i, 0, n) {
		ll k, m; cin >> k >> m;
		rep(j, 0, m) {
			ll l; cin >> l;
			a[k - 1][l - 1] = 1;
		}
	}
	c.resize(n);
	le.resize(n, -1);
	le[0] = 0;
	rep(i, 0, n)a[i][0] = 0;
	ll l = 0;
	f(0, l);
	while (g(l)) {
		rep(i, 0, c[l].size())f(c[l][i], l + 1);
		l++;
	}
	rep(i, 0, n)cout << i + 1 << " " << le[i] << line;
}

C++: #include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

#define rep(i, m, n) for(int(i) = (int)(m); i < (int)(n); ++i)
#define rep2(i, m, n) for(int(i) = (int)(n)-1; i >= (int)(m); --i)
#define REP(i, n) rep(i, 0, n)
#define REP2(i, n) rep2(i, 0, n)
#define all(hoge) (hoge).begin(), (hoge).end()
#define en '\n'
using ll = long long;
using ull = unsigned long long;
using ld = long double;
template <class T>
using vec = vector<T>;
template <class T>
using vvec = vector<vec<T>>;
typedef pair<ll, ll> P;
constexpr long long INF = 1LL << 60;
constexpr int INF_INT = 1 << 25;
constexpr long long MOD = (ll)1e9 + 7;
//constexpr long long MOD = 998244353LL;
using ld = long double;
static const ld pi = 3.141592653589793L;
typedef vector<ll> Array;
typedef vector<Array> Matrix;

template <class T>
inline bool chmin(T &a, T b) {
    if(a > b) {
        a = b;
        return true;
    }
    return false;
}
template <class T>
inline bool chmax(T &a, T b) {
    if(a < b) {
        a = b;
        return true;
    }
    return false;
}

struct Edge {
    ll to, rev;
    long double cap;
    Edge(ll _to, long double _cap, ll _rev) {
        to = _to;
        cap = _cap;
        rev = _rev;
    }
};
using Edges = vector<Edge>;
using Graph = vector<Edges>;

void add_edge(Graph &G, ll from, ll to, long double cap, bool revFlag,
              long double revCap) {
    G[from].push_back(Edge(to, cap, (ll)G[to].size()));
    if(revFlag)
        G[to].push_back(Edge(from, revCap, (ll)G[from].size() - 1));
}

void solve() {
    ll n;
    cin >> n;
    vvec<int> g(n);
    REP(i, n) {
        int u, k;
        cin >> u >> k;
        u--;
        REP(i, k) {
            int v;
            cin >> v;
            v--;
            g[u].push_back(v);
        }
    }
    vec<ll> d(n, INF);
    queue<ll> que;
    que.push(0);
    d[0] = 0;
    while(que.size()) {
        int v = que.front();
        que.pop();
        for(auto to : g[v]) {
            if(d[to] != INF)
                continue;
            d[to] = d[v] + 1;
            que.push(to);
        }
    }

    REP(i, n) {
        if(d[i] == INF)
            cout << i + 1 << " " << -1 << en;
        else
            cout << i + 1 << " " << d[i] << en;
    }
}

int main() {
    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
    cin.tie(0);
    cout.tie(0);

    solve();

    /*
    ll t;
    cin >> t;
    REP(i, t) { solve();}
    */

    return 0;
}