Go: package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"strconv"
)

const BIG_COST = 3000

const (
	ST_NOT_YET = iota
	ST_JOINED
)

func main() {
	sc := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	sc.Split(bufio.ScanWords)

	nNodes := scanInt(sc)
	costs := make([][]int, nNodes)

	for r := 0; r < nNodes; r++ {
		costs[r] = make([]int, nNodes)
		for c := 0; c < nNodes; c++ {
			costs[r][c] = scanInt(sc)
		}
	}

	states := make([]int, nNodes)
	minCosts := make([]int, nNodes)

	for i := 1; i < nNodes; i++ {
		minCosts[i] = BIG_COST
	}

	for {
		var u int
		minCost := BIG_COST

		for i := 0; i < nNodes; i++ {
			if states[i] != ST_JOINED && minCosts[i] < minCost {
				minCost = minCosts[i]
				u = i
			}
		}

		// 全てのノードが MST に JOIN できたので終了。
		if minCost == BIG_COST {
			break
		}

		states[u] = ST_JOINED

		for v := 0; v < nNodes; v++ {
			cost := costs[u][v]

			// MST内の u と MST外の v との辺の重みをそれぞれ minCosts[v] として
			// 保存しておく。このうち辺の重みが最小となる v が次のループで MST に JOIN する。
			if states[v] != ST_JOINED && cost != -1 && cost < minCosts[v] {
				minCosts[v] = cost
			}
		}
	}

	sum := 0
	for _, cost := range minCosts {
		sum += cost
	}
	fmt.Println(sum)
}

func scanInt(sc *bufio.Scanner) int {
	sc.Scan()
	v, _ := strconv.Atoi(sc.Text())
	return v
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;

struct UnionFind {
	vector<int> data;
	UnionFind(int size) : data(size, -1) { }
	bool unionSet(int x, int y) {
		x = root(x); y = root(y);
		if (x != y) {
			if (data[y] < data[x]) swap(x, y);
			data[x] += data[y]; data[y] = x;
		}
		return x != y;
	}
	bool findSet(int x, int y) {
		return root(x) == root(y);
	}
	int root(int x) {
		return data[x] < 0 ? x : data[x] = root(data[x]);
	}
	int size(int x) {
		return -data[root(x)];
	}
};


struct Edge {
	int a, b, cost;

	Edge(int a, int b, int cost) : a(a), b(b), cost(cost) {}

	bool operator<(const Edge& o)const {
		return cost < o.cost;
	}
};

int main() {
	cin.tie(0); ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
	int n, Ans = 0; cin >> n;
	vector<Edge> es;
	for (int i = 1; i <= n;i++) {
		for (int j = 1; j <= n; j++) {
			int temp; cin >> temp;
			if (j < i)continue;
			if (temp != -1) {
				Edge e(i, j, temp);
				es.push_back(e);
			}
		}
	}
	sort(es.begin(), es.end());

	/*kruskal*/

	UnionFind uf(n+1);
	for (int i = 0; i < es.size();i++) {
		//cout << es[i].a << " " << es[i].b << " " << es[i].cost << endl;
		Edge& e = es[i];
		if (!uf.findSet(e.a, e.b)) {
			Ans += e.cost;
			uf.unionSet(e.a, e.b);
		}
	}

	cout << Ans << endl;

}

C++: #include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define rep(i,a) for(i=0;i<a;i++)
using namespace std;
static const int W = 0;
static const int G = 1;
static const int B = 2;

int prim(int n, vector<vector<int> > &M) {
    int i,u,min,total;
    vector<int> d(n);
    vector<int> p(n);
    vector<int> color(n);

    rep(i,n){
        d[i] = INT_MAX;
        p[i] = -1;
        color[i] = W;
    }
    d[0] = 0;
    while(true){
        min = INT_MAX;
        u = -1;
        rep(i,n){
            if(min > d[i] && color[i] != B) {
                u = i;
                min = d[i];
            }
        }
        if(u==-1) break;
        color[u] = B;
        rep(i,n){
            if(color[i] != B && M[u][i])
                if(d[i] > M[u][i]) {
                    d[i] = M[u][i];
                    p[i] = u;
                    color[i] = G;
                }
        }
    }
    rep(i,n){
        if(p[i] != -1) total += M[i][p[i]];
    }
    return total;
}

int main(void) {
    int i,j,n,total = 0;
    vector<vector<int> > M;
    cin >> n;
    M.resize(n);

    rep(i,n){
        M[i].resize(n);
    }
    rep(i,n){
        rep(j,n){
            cin >> M[i][j];
            if(M[i][j] == -1) M[i][j] = INT_MAX;;

        }
    }
    total = prim(n,M);
    cout << total << endl;
    return 0;
}

C++: #include <iostream>

using namespace std;

const int MAX=100;
const int INFTY=(1<<21);
const int WHITE=0;
const int GRAY=1;
const int BLACK=2;

int M[MAX][MAX];
int n;

int prim(){
    int u,minv;
    int color[MAX],d[MAX],p[MAX];

    for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
        d[i]=INFTY;
        p[i]=-1;
        color[i]=WHITE;
    }

    d[0]=0;

    while(true){
        minv=INFTY;
        u=-1;
        for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
            if(minv>d[i] and color[i]!=BLACK){
                u=i;
                minv=d[i];
            }
        }
        if(u==-1) break;
        color[u]=BLACK;
        for(int v=0;v<n;v++){
            if(color[v]!=BLACK and M[u][v]!=INFTY){
                if (d[v]>M[u][v]){
                    d[v]=M[u][v];
                    p[v]=u;
                    color[v]=GRAY;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    int sum=0;
    for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
        if(p[i]!=-1)sum+=M[i][p[i]];
    }

    return sum;
}

int main()
{
    cin>>n;

    for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
        for(int j=0;j<n;j++){
            int e; cin>>e;
            M[i][j]= (e==-1)? INFTY:e;
        }
    }
    cout<<prim()<<endl;
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <utility>
#include <algorithm>

using namespace std;

vector<int> djset, szset;
vector<pair<int, pair<int, int>>> G;

int root(int x)
{
    int v = djset[x];
    while (v != djset[v]) v = djset[v];
    djset[x] = v;
    return v;
}

int main(void)
{
    int N;
    cin >> N;
    G.resize(N * N);
    int count = 0;
    int temp;
    for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
    {
        for (int j = 0; j < N; j++)
        {
            cin >> temp;
            if (i == j || temp == -1) continue;
            G[count++] = make_pair(temp, make_pair(i, j));
        }
    }
    djset.resize(count);
    szset.resize(count, 1);
    G.erase(G.begin() + count, G.end());
    sort(G.begin(), G.end());
    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) djset[i] = i;
    int v[2], r[2];
    int ans = 0;
    for(auto i : G)
    {
        v[0] = i.second.first;
        v[1] = i.second.second;
        for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) r[i] = root(v[i]);
        if (r[0] == r[1]) continue;
        if (szset[r[1]] > szset[r[0]]) swap(r[0], r[1]);
        djset[r[1]] = r[0];
        szset[r[0]] += szset[r[1]];
        szset[r[1]] = 0;
        ans += i.first;
    }
    cout << ans << endl;
    return 0;
}