Go: // ダイクストラのアルゴリズム
package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"log"
	"math"
	"os"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
)

type color int

const (
	white color = iota // 未訪問
	mst                // MSTとして確定
)

// 頂点
type node struct {
	num       int         // 頂点の番号
	weights   map[int]int // 重みMAP
	parent    *node       // MSTへの重み最小の親
	distFromS int         // 始点からの距離
	color     color
}

func main() {
	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	n := eGetInt(scanner)

	nodes := make([]*node, n)
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		weights := eAtoi((strings.Fields(eGetline(scanner))))
		v := &node{weights[0], make(map[int]int, weights[1]), nil, math.MaxInt32, white}
		for j := 0; j < weights[1]; j++ {
			k := weights[j*2+2] // 相手の頂点名
			w := weights[j*2+3] // 重み
			v.weights[k] = w
		}
		nodes[i] = v
	}

	// 初回はnode[0]がMSTに入るように
	nodes[0].distFromS = 0

	for { // 全部チェックするまで

		// どの頂点を新たにMSTに取り込むか

		var minNode *node
		min := math.MaxInt32
		for _, v := range nodes {
			if v.color == mst {
				continue
			}
			if v.distFromS < min {
				min = v.distFromS
				minNode = v
			}
		}
		if minNode == nil {
			// すべて完了している.
			break
		}

		// MSTに追加する頂点決定
		minNode.color = mst

		// fmt.Printf(">[%v]\n", minNode)
		// MSTに属していない頂点それぞれについて,Startからの最小の重みの距離を更新
		for i, v := range nodes {
			if v.color == mst {
				continue
			}
			w, ok := minNode.weights[i]
			if !ok {
				// minNodeと接してない
				continue
			}

			if minNode.distFromS+w < v.distFromS {
				// minNode経由の距離がもっとも重みが少ないので親を変更
				v.distFromS = minNode.distFromS + w
				v.parent = minNode
				// fmt.Printf("[%v %v]\n", v, minNode)
			}
		}
		// fmt.Printf("<\n")
	}

	for i, v := range nodes {
		fmt.Printf("%d %d\n", i, v.distFromS)
	}
}

func eGetInt(scanner *bufio.Scanner) int {
	t := eAtoi(strings.Fields(eGetline(scanner)))
	return t[0]
}

func eGetline(p *bufio.Scanner) string {
	if !p.Scan() {
		if err := p.Err(); err != nil {
			log.Fatal(err.Error())
		}
		return ""
	}
	return p.Text()
}

func eAtoi(s []string) []int {
	ints := make([]int, len(s))
	var err error
	for i, e := range s {
		ints[i], err = strconv.Atoi(e)
		if err != nil {
			log.Fatal(err.Error())
		}
	}
	return ints
}

C++: #include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define MOD 1000000007
#define INF 1<<30
#define rep(i,n) for(ll i=0; i<(n); i++)
#define REP(i,a,b) for(ll i=(a); i<(b); i++)
#define RREP(i,a,b) for(ll i=(a); i>=(b); i--)
#define all(x) (x).begin(),(x).end()
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
typedef vector<ll> vl;
typedef vector<vl> vvl;
typedef pair<ll, ll> pl;
typedef vector<pair<ll, ll>> vpl;

vpl adj[10005];
ll n;

void dijkstra(){
    priority_queue<pl> pq;
    vl d(105,INF);
    int visit[105] = {};
    d[0] = 0;
    pq.push(make_pair(0,0));
    while(!pq.empty()){
        pl p = pq.top(); pq.pop();
        ll u = p.second;
        visit[u] = 1;
        if(d[u] < p.first * (-1)) continue;
        rep(i,adj[u].size()){
            ll v = adj[u][i].first;
            if(visit[v] == 1) continue;
            if(d[v] > d[u] + adj[u][i].second){
                d[v] = d[u] + adj[u][i].second;
                pq.push(make_pair(d[v]*(-1),v));
            }
        }
    }
    rep(i,n){
        cout << i << " " << ((d[i] == INF) ? -1 : d[i]) << "\n";
    }
}

int main(){
    cin >> n;
    ll k,c,u,v;
    rep(i,n){
        cin >> u >> k;
        rep(j,k){
            cin >> v >> c;
            adj[u].push_back(make_pair(v,c));
        }
    }

    dijkstra();

    return 0;
}

C++: // ALDS1_12_B: Single Shortest Path I
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#define INF 1000000
#define NIL -1
using graph = std::vector<std::vector<int>>;
bool debug = false;

graph adjacency_matrix;
std::vector<bool> node_stat;
std::vector<int> next_node, minimum_cost;

void dijkstra(int vertex) {
    if (debug) std::cout << "dijkstra(" << vertex << ")\n";
    node_stat.at(vertex) = false;

    for (int i=0; i<adjacency_matrix.at(vertex).size(); i++) {
        int next_vertex = i, edge_weight = adjacency_matrix.at(vertex).at(next_vertex);
        if (edge_weight != -1) {
            int cost_to_next = minimum_cost.at(vertex) + edge_weight;
            if (cost_to_next < minimum_cost.at(next_vertex)) {
                if (debug) std::cout << vertex << " -> " << next_vertex << ": " << cost_to_next << "\n";
                minimum_cost.at(next_vertex) = cost_to_next;
                next_node.at(vertex) = next_vertex;
            }
        }
    }

    int min_weight = INF, next_vertex = NIL;
    for (int i=0; i<minimum_cost.size(); i++) {
        if (minimum_cost.at(i) < min_weight) {
            if (node_stat.at(i)) {
                if (debug) std::cout << "i = " << i << "\n";
                min_weight = minimum_cost.at(i);
                next_vertex = i;
            }   
        }
    }
    if (debug) std::cout << "min_weight = " << min_weight << ", next_vertex = " << next_vertex << "\n";
    if (next_vertex == NIL) {
        return;
    }
    dijkstra(next_vertex);
}

void init() {
    node_stat.assign(node_stat.size(), true);
    next_node.assign(next_node.size(), NIL);
    minimum_cost.assign(minimum_cost.size(), INF);
    minimum_cost.at(0) = 0;
}

int main() {
    int total_node_num; std::cin >> total_node_num;
    
    adjacency_matrix.resize(total_node_num);
    for (int i=0; i<adjacency_matrix.size(); i++) adjacency_matrix.at(i).assign(total_node_num, NIL);
    node_stat.resize(total_node_num);
    next_node.resize(total_node_num);
    minimum_cost.resize(total_node_num);
    
    for (int i=0; i<total_node_num; i++) {
        int vertex_num; std::cin >> vertex_num;
        int outdegree; std::cin >> outdegree;
        for (int j=0; j<outdegree; j++) {
            int next_vertex; std::cin >> next_vertex;
            std::cin >> adjacency_matrix.at(vertex_num).at(next_vertex);
        }
    }
    init();
    dijkstra(0);
    for (int i=0; i<minimum_cost.size(); i++) {
        std::cout << i << " " << minimum_cost.at(i) << "\n";
    }
}

C++: #include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
#define rep(i, n) for(int i = 0; i < (int)(n); i++)

#define MAX 100
#define INFTY (1 << 21)
#define WHITE 0
#define GRAY 1
#define BLACK 2

int n, M[MAX][MAX], d[MAX], color[MAX];

void shortestPath(int s){
    int u, minv;
    //距離を初期化
    for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
        d[i] = INFTY;
        color[i] = WHITE;
    }

    d[s] = 0;

    while(1){
        int u = -1;
        int minv = INFTY;
        //最も距離が近いものを更新
        for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
            if(color[i] != BLACK && d[i] < INFTY){
                if(d[i] < minv){
                    u = i;
                    minv = d[i];
                }
            }
        }

        if(u == -1) break;
        color[u] = BLACK;

        for(int v = 0; v < n; v++){
            d[v] = min(d[v], d[u] + M[u][v]);
        }
    }
}

int main(){
    cin >> n;
    //隣接行列を作製

    for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
        for(int j = 0; j < n; j++){
            M[i][j] = INFTY;
        }
    }

    for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
        int u, k, v, c;
        cin >> u >> k;
        for(int j = 0; j < k; j++){
            cin >> v >> c;
            M[u][v] = c;
        }
    }

    shortestPath(0);

    rep(i,n){
        cout << i << " " << d[i] << endl;
    }

    return 0;
}