Go: // ダイクストラのアルゴリズム
package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"log"
	"math"
	"os"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
)

type color int

const (
	white color = iota // 未訪問
	mst                // MSTとして確定
)

// 頂点
type node struct {
	num       int         // 頂点の番号
	weights   map[int]int // 重みMAP
	parent    *node       // MSTへの重み最小の親
	distFromS int         // 始点からの距離
	color     color
}

func main() {
	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	n := eGetInt(scanner)

	nodes := make([]*node, n)
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		weights := eAtoi((strings.Fields(eGetline(scanner))))
		v := &node{weights[0], make(map[int]int, weights[1]), nil, math.MaxInt32, white}
		for j := 0; j < weights[1]; j++ {
			k := weights[j*2+2] // 相手の頂点名
			w := weights[j*2+3] // 重み
			v.weights[k] = w
		}
		nodes[i] = v
	}

	// 初回はnode[0]がMSTに入るように
	nodes[0].distFromS = 0

	for { // 全部チェックするまで

		// どの頂点を新たにMSTに取り込むか

		var minNode *node
		min := math.MaxInt32
		for _, v := range nodes {
			if v.color == mst {
				continue
			}
			if v.distFromS < min {
				min = v.distFromS
				minNode = v
			}
		}
		if minNode == nil {
			// すべて完了している.
			break
		}

		// MSTに追加する頂点決定
		minNode.color = mst

		// fmt.Printf(">[%v]\n", minNode)
		// MSTに属していない頂点それぞれについて,Startからの最小の重みの距離を更新
		for i, v := range nodes {
			if v.color == mst {
				continue
			}
			w, ok := minNode.weights[i]
			if !ok {
				// minNodeと接してない
				continue
			}

			if minNode.distFromS+w < v.distFromS {
				// minNode経由の距離がもっとも重みが少ないので親を変更
				v.distFromS = minNode.distFromS + w
				v.parent = minNode
				// fmt.Printf("[%v %v]\n", v, minNode)
			}
		}
		// fmt.Printf("<\n")
	}

	for i, v := range nodes {
		fmt.Printf("%d %d\n", i, v.distFromS)
	}
}

func eGetInt(scanner *bufio.Scanner) int {
	t := eAtoi(strings.Fields(eGetline(scanner)))
	return t[0]
}

func eGetline(p *bufio.Scanner) string {
	if !p.Scan() {
		if err := p.Err(); err != nil {
			log.Fatal(err.Error())
		}
		return ""
	}
	return p.Text()
}

func eAtoi(s []string) []int {
	ints := make([]int, len(s))
	var err error
	for i, e := range s {
		ints[i], err = strconv.Atoi(e)
		if err != nil {
			log.Fatal(err.Error())
		}
	}
	return ints
}

C++: #include<iostream>
#include<vector>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
static const int INFTY=(1<<21);
#define WHITE 0
#define GRAY 1
#define BLACK 2
int n,M[102][102],color[102],d[102];
vector <int> searched;
void search(){
    int minp=0,min;
    while(1){
        min=INFTY;
        for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
            if(M[minp][i]!=INFTY&&color[i]==WHITE) color[i]=GRAY;
        }
        for(int i=0;i<searched.size();i++){
            int a=searched[i];
            for(int j=0;j<n;j++){
                if(color[j]==GRAY&&M[a][j]+d[a]<min){
                    min=M[a][j]+d[a];
                    minp=j;
                }
            }
        }
        if(min==INFTY) break;
        else{
            d[minp]=min;
            color[minp]=BLACK;
            searched.push_back(minp);
        }
    }
    for(int i=0;i<n;i++) cout<<i<<" "<<d[i]<<endl;
}
int main(){
    int u,k,v,c;
    cin>>n;
    for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
        for(int j=0;j<n;j++) M[i][j]=INFTY;
    }
    for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
        color[i]=WHITE;
        d[i]=INFTY;
        cin>>u>>k;
        for(int p=0;p<k;p++){
            cin>>v>>c;
            M[u][v]=c;
        }
    }
    searched.push_back(0);
    color[0]=BLACK;
    d[0]=0;
    search();
    return 0;
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <cstring>
#include <math.h>
#include <algorithm>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <queue>
#include <stack>
#include <utility>
#define rep(i,n) for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
#define rrep(i,n) for(int i=n-1;i>=0;i--)
#define FOR(i,a,b) for(int i=a;i<b;i++)
#define ll long long
#define INF 1000000001
#define mod 1000000007
using namespace std;

int main(){
	
	int n,aaa;
	cin>>n;
	vector<vector<int>> v(n),c(n);
	vector<int> k(n),ans(n);
	rep(i,n){
		cin>>aaa>>k[i];
		v[i].resize(k[i]);
		c[i].resize(k[i]);
		rep(j,k[i]){
			cin>>v[i][j]>>c[i][j];
		}
		ans[i]=-1;
	}
	ans[0]=0;
	int m=INF,mi,mj;
	rep(aaaa,n-1){
		m=INF;
		rep(i,n){
			if(ans[i]!=-1){
				rep(j,k[i]){
					if(ans[v[i][j]]==-1 && m>ans[i]+c[i][j]){
						m=ans[i]+c[i][j];
						mi=i;
						mj=j;
					}
				}
			}
		}
		ans[v[mi][mj]]=m;
	}
	rep(i,n){
		cout<<i<<" "<<ans[i]<<endl;
	}
	
}

C++: #include <iostream>
static const int INFTY = (1<<20);
static const int MAX = 100;
static const int WHITE = 0;
static const int BLACK = 1;

int main() {
  int n;
  int M[110][110];
  int d[110];
  int visited[110];
  std::cin >> n;
  for(int i=0; i<n; ++i) {
    for(int j=0; j<n; ++j) {
      M[i][j] = INFTY;
    }
  }

  for(int i=0; i<n; ++i) {
    d[i] = INFTY;
    visited[i] = WHITE;
  }

  for(int i=0; i<n; ++i) {
    int u, k;
    std::cin >> u >> k;
    for(int j=0; j<k; ++j) {
      int c, v;
      std::cin >> v >> c;
      M[u][v] = c;
    }
  }

  d[0] = 0;

  while(true) {
    int minicost = INFTY;
    int u;

    for(int i=0; i<n; ++i) {
      if(visited[i] == WHITE && d[i] < minicost) {
        minicost = d[i];
        u = i;
      }
    }

    if(minicost == INFTY) break;
    visited[u] = BLACK;

    for(int v=0; v<n; ++v) {
      if(d[u] + M[u][v] < d[v]) {
        d[v] = d[u] + M[u][v];
      }
    }
  }

  for(int i=0; i<n; ++i) {
    std::cout << i << " " << d[i] << std::endl;
  }


}

C++: #include<iostream>
using namespace std;
static const int MAX = 100;
static const int INFTY = (1<<21);
static const int WHITE = 0;
static const int GRAY = 1;
static const int BLACK = 2;

struct Node{int color, dist, parent;};

int M[MAX][MAX], n;
Node node[MAX];

int main(){
  cin >> n;

  //initialize M and node
  for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
    for(int j = 0; j < n; j++){
      M[i][j] = INFTY;
    }
    node[i].color = WHITE;
    node[i].dist = INFTY;
    node[i].parent = -1;
  }

  //input distances
  for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
    int u, k, v, c;
    cin >> u >> k;
    while(k--){
      cin >> v >> c;
      M[u][v] = c;
    }
  }

  int p = 0, min_dis;
  node[p].dist = 0;
  node[p].color = BLACK;

  while(true){
    for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
      if(M[p][i] != INFTY && node[i].color != BLACK){
        int d = node[p].dist + M[p][i];
        if(node[i].dist > d){
          node[i].dist = d;
          node[i].color = GRAY;
          node[i].parent = p;
        }
      }
    }

    p = -1;
    min_dis = INFTY;
    for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
      if(node[i].color == GRAY && node[i].dist < min_dis){
        p = i;
        min_dis = node[i].dist;
      }
    }

    if(p == -1)
      break;

    node[p].color = BLACK;
  }

  for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
    cout << i << " " << node[i].dist << endl;
  }
}