Go: package main

/*
グラフの表現 隣接行列による表現
*/

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"log"
	"os"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	scanner := makeScanner(8192)
	n := eGetInt(scanner)
	g := make([][]int, n+1)
	for i := 1; i < n+1; i++ {
		g[i] = make([]int, n+1)
		ints := eGetInts(scanner)
		num := ints[0]
		for j := 0; j < ints[1]; j++ {
			g[num][ints[j+2]] = 1
		}
	}
	dist := make([]int, n+1)
	for i := 0; i < len(dist); i++ {
		dist[i] = -1
	}
	q := []int{}

	// 訪問する
	q = append(q, 1)
	dist[1] = 0

	// キューが空でない限り
	for len(q) > 0 {
		// 先頭を取り出す
		top := 0
		top, q = q[0], q[1:]
		// 隣接マスを入れる.
		for i := 1; i < n+1; i++ {
			// 辺がある
			if g[top][i] == 1 {
				if dist[i] == -1 {
					// 訪問済みでなければ
					q = append(q, i)
					dist[i] = dist[top] + 1
				}
			}
		}
	}
	for i := 1; i < n+1; i++ {
		fmt.Println(i, dist[i])
	}
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// ライブラリ
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
func makeScanner(maxByte int) *bufio.Scanner {
	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	scanner.Buffer(make([]uint8, 0, 8192), maxByte)
	return scanner
}
func makeWordScanner() *bufio.Scanner {
	scanner := makeScanner(8192)
	scanner.Split(bufio.ScanWords)
	return scanner
}
func eGetLine(r *bufio.Scanner) string {
	if r.Scan() {
		return r.Text()
	}
	err := r.Err()
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	// EOF
	return ""
}
func eGetInt(r *bufio.Scanner) int {
	line := eGetLine(r)
	return eAtoi(line)
}
func eGetInt64(r *bufio.Scanner) int64 {
	line := eGetLine(r)
	return eAtoInt64(line)
}
func eGetFields(r *bufio.Scanner) []string {
	line := eGetLine(r)
	return strings.Fields(line)
}
func eGetInts(r *bufio.Scanner) []int {
	fields := eGetFields(r)
	ints := make([]int, len(fields))
	for i := 0; i < len(ints); i++ {
		ints[i] = eAtoi(fields[i])
	}
	return ints
}
func eGetInt64s(r *bufio.Scanner) []int64 {
	fields := eGetFields(r)
	ints := make([]int64, len(fields))
	for i := 0; i < len(ints); i++ {
		ints[i] = eAtoInt64(fields[i])
	}
	return ints
}
func eGetChars(r *bufio.Scanner) []string {
	line := eGetLine(r)
	return strings.Split(line, "")
}
func eAtoi(s string) int {
	n, err := strconv.Atoi(s)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	return n
}
func eAtoInt64(s string) int64 {
	n, err := strconv.ParseInt(s, 10, 64)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	return n
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
#include <map>
#include <queue>
#include <set>
#include <stack>
#include <string>
#include <utility>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>

typedef long long ll;

using namespace std;

int main() {
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    vector<vector<int>> list(n);
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        int u, k;
        cin >> u >> k;
        u--;
        for (int j = 0; j < k; j++) {
            int v;
            cin >> v;
            v--;
            list[u].push_back(v);
        }
    }
    vector<int> d(n, -1);
    queue<int> q;
    q.push(0);
    d[0] = 0;
    while (!q.empty()) {
        int u = q.front(); q.pop();
        for (int v : list[u]) {
            if (d[v] == -1) {
                q.push(v);
                d[v] = d[u] + 1;
            }
        }
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {;
        cout << (i + 1) << " " << d[i] << endl;
    }
    return 0;
}

C++: #include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define REP(i, n) for(int i = 0; i < (n); i++)
#define REP1(i, n) for(int i = 1; i <= (n); i++)
#define REPD(i,a,b) for (int i=(a);i<(b);i++)
#define ALL(v) (v).begin(), (v).end()
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
typedef vector<string> vs;
typedef vector<bool> vb;
typedef vector<vb> vvb;
typedef vector<int> vi;
typedef vector<vi> vvi;
typedef set<int> si;
typedef vector<ll> vll;
typedef vector<vll> vvll;
typedef pair<int, int> pi;
typedef queue<int> qi;
typedef queue<pi> qpi;
typedef pair<ll, ll> pll;
typedef queue<pll> qpll;
typedef vector<pi> vpi;
typedef vector<pll> vpll;
const int mod = 1000000007;
const int INF = 1001001001;
// 小数点　<< fixed << setprecision(0) <<
// sort降順　sort(ALL(),greater<int>());
// 円周率　M_PI
// 文字判定　isupper islower
// 順列　do {} while(next_permutation(ALL(X)));
// 最大値　LLONG_MAX
// a内でx以上　auto iter = lower_bound(ALL(a), x);
// a内でxより大きい　auto iter = upper_bound(ALL(a), x);
int dx[8] = {1, 0, -1, 0, 1, 1, -1, -1};
int dy[8] = {0, 1, 0, -1, 1, -1, 1, -1};
struct edge {
    int from; //出発点
    int to;   //到達点
    int cost; //移動コスト
};
typedef struct edge se;
typedef vector<edge> ve;
unsigned euclidean_gcd(unsigned a, unsigned b) {
  if(a < b) return euclidean_gcd(b, a);
  unsigned r;
  while ((r=a%b)) {
    a = b;
    b = r;
  }
  return b;
}

int main() {
  int n;
  cin >> n;
  vvi tree(n);
  REP(i,n) {
    int u,k;
    cin >> u >> k;
    REP(j,k) {
      int v;
      cin >> v;
      tree[i].push_back(v-1);
    }
  }
  qi que;
  vi check(n,-1);
  que.push(0);
  check[0]=0;
  while(!que.empty()) {
    int x=que.front();
    int cnt=check[x];
    que.pop();
    for(auto i:tree[x]) {
      if(check[i]!=-1) continue;
      check[i]=cnt+1;
      que.push(i);
    }
  }
  REP(i,n) {
    cout << i+1 << " " << check[i] << endl;
  }
  return 0;
}

C++: #include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
 
using ll = long long;
using ld = long double;
#define FOR(i, m, n) for (int i = (m); i < (n); i++)
#define FORR(i, m, n) for (int i = (m); i >= (n); i--)
#define REP(i, n) FOR(i, 0, (n))
#define REPR(i, n) FORR(i, (n) - 1, 0)
#define REP1(i, n) FOR(i, 1, (n) + 1)
#define REPS(c, s) for (char c : s)
#define ALL(c) (c).begin(), (c).end()
#define SORT(c) sort(ALL(c))
#define REV(c) reverse(ALL(c))
#define sz(v) (int)v.size()
#define endl '\n'
template<class T> inline bool chmin(T& a, T b) {if (a > b) {a = b; return true;} return false;}
template<class T> inline bool chmax(T& a, T b) {if (a < b) {a = b; return true;} return false;}
template<class T> inline void printv(vector<T>& v) {int n = sz(v); REP(i, n) cout << v[i] << (i == n - 1 ? endl : ' ');}
const int MOD = 1000000007;
const int INF = 1000000001;
const ll LINF = 1000000001000000001LL;
 
void solve();
 
int main() {
    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
    cin.tie(nullptr);
    cout << fixed << setprecision(numeric_limits<double>::max_digits10);
    solve();
    return 0;
}

void solve() {
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    vector<vector<int>> g(n, vector<int>());
    int u, k;
    REP(i, n) {
        cin >> u >> k;
        u--;
        int v;
        REP(j, k) {
            cin >> v;
            v--;
            g[u].emplace_back(v);
        }
    }

    deque<pair<int, int>> q;
    q.emplace_back(0, 0);

    vector<int> ans(n, -1);
    while (!q.empty()) {
        auto p = q.front(); q.pop_front();
        if (ans[p.first] == -1) ans[p.first] = p.second;

        for (auto r : g[p.first]) {
            if (ans[r] != -1) continue;
            q.emplace_back(r, p.second + 1);
        }
    }
    REP(i, n) cout << i + 1 << " " << ans[i] << endl;
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <queue>
using namespace std;
int n,G[101][101];
int d[101];
int dis;
void bfs(){
    queue<int>q;
    int u=1;
    q.push(u);
    d[u]=dis;
    while(!q.empty()){
        u=q.front();
        dis=d[u]+1;
        for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
        {
            if(G[u][i]==1 && d[i]==-1)
            {
                q.push(i);
                d[i]=dis;
            }
        }
        q.pop();
    }
}
int main()
{
    int u,k,v;
    cin>>n;
    for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
    {
        d[i]=-1;
        for(int j=1;j<=n;j++)
            G[i][j]=0;
    }
    for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
    {
        cin>>u>>k;
        for(int j=0;j<k;j++)
        {
            cin>>v;
            G[u][v]=1;
        }
    }
    dis=0;
    bfs();
    for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
        cout<<i<<' '<<d[i]<<endl;
    return 0;
}