Go: package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"strconv"
)

type Queue []int

func (q *Queue) push(v int) {
	*q = append(*q, v)
}

func (q *Queue) pop() int {
	v := (*q)[0]
	*q = (*q)[1:]
	return v
}

func main() {
	sc := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	sc.Split(bufio.ScanWords)

	nVerts := scanInt(sc)
	graph := make([][]int, nVerts+1)

	for i := 0; i < nVerts; i++ {
		u := scanInt(sc)
		nDegrees := scanInt(sc)

		graph[u] = make([]int, nDegrees)
		for d := 0; d < nDegrees; d++ {
			graph[u][d] = scanInt(sc)
		}
	}

	paths := make([]int, nVerts+1)

	queue := Queue(make([]int, 0))
	queue.push(1)

	paths[1] = 1
	d := 2
	for len(queue) > 0 {
		u := queue.pop()

		pushed := false
		for _, v := range graph[u] {
			if paths[v] == 0 {
				paths[v] = d
				queue.push(v)
				pushed = true
			}
		}
		if pushed {
			d += 1
		}
	}

	w := bufio.NewWriter(os.Stdout)
	for i := 1; i <= nVerts; i++ {
		fmt.Fprintf(w, "%d %d\n", i, paths[i]-1)
	}
	w.Flush()
}

func scanInt(sc *bufio.Scanner) int {
	sc.Scan()
	v, _ := strconv.Atoi(sc.Text())
	return v
}

Python: import collections

def breadth_first_search(g,check,length):
    q = collections.deque()
    q.append(1)
    check[1] = 1
    length[1] = 0
    while len(q) != 0:
        v = q.popleft()
        for u in g[v]:
            if check[u] == 0:
                check[u] = 1
                length[u] = length[v]+1
                q.append(u)

    return length

def main():
    N = int(input())
    g = []
    g.append([])
    for i in range(N):
        tmp = input().split()
        tmp_ls = []
        for i in range(int(tmp[1])):
            tmp_ls.append(int(tmp[i+2]))
        g.append(tmp_ls)

    check = [0]*(N+1)
    length = [0]*(N+1)
    ans = breadth_first_search(g,check,length)
    for i in range(N):
        node_num = i+1
        if ans[node_num] == 0 and i != 0:
            ans[node_num] = -1
        print(node_num,ans[node_num])

main()

Python: from collections import deque

def main():
    n = int(input())
    V = [None]*(n+1)
    ans = [None]*(n+1)
    for i in range(1, n+1):
        _, _, *v = map(int, input().split())
        V[i] = v
    q = deque([1])
    ans[1] = 0
    while q:
        node = q.pop()
        d = ans[node]+1
        for v in V[node]:
            if ans[v] is None:
                ans[v] = d
                q.appendleft(v)
    print(1, 0)
    for i, distance in enumerate(ans[2:], 2):
        print(i, distance or -1)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

Python: N= int(input())
E = [input().split()[2:] for _ in [0]*N]
Q = [0]
L = [0] + [-1]*N
def func(ide):
    for i in E[ide]:
        i = int(i) - 1
        if L[i] < 0 :L[i] = L[ide] +1 ; Q+= [i]


while Q:top = Q.pop(0);func(top)

for i in range(N):print(i + 1 ,int(L[i]))

Python: from collections import deque
n=int(input())
l=[list(map(int,input().split())) for i in range(n)]
d=deque()
d.append(1)
check=[0]*n
check[0]=1
ans=[0]*n
kyori=[0]*n
while len(d)!=0:
  v=d.popleft()
  for i in l[v-1][2:]:
    if check[i-1]==0:
      check[i-1]=1
      ans[i-1]=(kyori[v-1]+1)
      kyori[i-1]=(kyori[v-1]+1)
      d.append(i)
for i in range(1,n):
  if ans[i]==0:
    ans[i]=-1
for i in range(n):
    print(i+1,ans[i])

Python: # coding: utf-8

from queue import Queue

N = int(input())
graph = [None]
for _ in range(N):
    graph.append(list(map(int, input().split(" ")))[1:])

class BFSSolver:

    def __init__(self, graph):
        self.graph = graph
        self.queue = Queue()
        self.queue.put(1)
        self.before_id = 1
        self.already_searched = [1]
        self.res = [0]
        for _ in range(N):
            self.res.append(-1)
        self.res[1] = 0
        self.turn = 0

    def next_turn(self):
        now_id = self.queue.get()
        before_id = now_id
        neighbors = self.graph[now_id][1:]
        for i in neighbors:
            if i not in self.already_searched:
                self.turn = self.res[before_id] + 1
                self.already_searched.append(i)
                self.res[i] = self.turn
                self.queue.put(i)

    def solve(self):
        while not self.queue.empty():
            self.next_turn()

        for id, i in enumerate(self.res[1:]):
            print("{} {}".format(id+1, i))

s = BFSSolver(graph)
s.solve()

Python: #!/usr/bin/python3

def find(id, V, d, dist):
    i = id - 1
    dist[i] = d
    for v in V[i]:
        find(v, V, d + 1, dist)
    
n = int(input())
# [isFind, d, f]
A = [[False, 0, 0] for i in range(n)]
U = []
V = []
dist = [-1] * n
for i in range(n):
    l = list(map(int, input().split()))
    U.append(l[0])
    V.append(l[2:])

find(1, V, 0, dist)

for u in U:
    print(u, dist[u - 1])

Python: import collections

N = int(input())
UKV = [list(map(int,input().split())) for _ in range(N)]

dist = [-1]*N
que = collections.deque()

G = [[]]*N
for ukv in UKV:
    G[ukv[0]-1] = sorted(ukv[2:])

dist[0] = 0
que.append(1)

while len(que) != 0:
    v = que.popleft()
    for nv in G[v-1]:
        if dist[nv-1] != -1:
            continue
        dist[nv-1] = dist[v-1] + 1
        que.append(nv)

for i,d in enumerate(dist):
    print(i+1, d)

Python: # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-                                                                                                                                                                                                                               

def BFS(adj, start):
    n = len(adj)
    d = [n] * n
    flag = [0] * n
    Q = []

    Q.append(start)
    d[start] = 0

    while len(Q) != 0:
        u = Q.pop(0)
        v = [i for i, x in enumerate(adj[u]) if (x == 1) and (flag[i] == 0)] # v <= ??£??\???????????????????????¢?´¢??????????????????
        
        for i in v:
            Q.append(i)
            d[i] = min(d[u] + 1, d[i])
            flag[u] = 1
    
    for i in range(n):
        if d[i] == n:
            d[i] = -1

    return d

def main():
    n = int(input())
    adj = [[0 for i in range(n)] for j in range(n)]
    
    for i in range(n):
        tmp = list(map(int, input().split()))
        u = tmp[0]
        u = u -1
        k = tmp[1]
        v = tmp[2:]
        for j in range(k):
            adj[u][v[j]-1] = 1
    
    d = BFS(adj, 0)
    for i in range(n):
        print(i+1, d[i])


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

Python: from collections import deque
u = int(input())
g = [[i for i in map(int, input().split())] for _ in range(u)]
graph = [[] for _ in range(u)]
ans = [-1] * u
for i in range(u):
    for j in range(g[i][1]):
        graph[i].append(g[i][2 + j] - 1)
que = deque()
que.append(0)
ans[0] = 0
while que:
    v = que.popleft()
    for nv in graph[v]:
        if ans[nv] != -1:
            continue
        ans[nv] = ans[v] + 1
        que.append(nv)

for i in range(u):
    print(i+1, ans[i])

Python: def MAIN():
    n = int(input())
    li = [[] for _ in range(n + 1)]
    ans = [[i, 0] for i in range(n + 1)]
    for _ in range(n):
        u, k, *v = map(int, input().split())
        li[u] = v
    dp = [1]
    while dp:
        u = dp.pop()
        for v in li[u]:
            if ans[v][1] == 0:
                ans[v][1] = ans[u][1] + 1
                dp.append(v)
    for d in ans[1:]:
        print(*d)
MAIN()

Python: n = int(input())
 
adj = [None]
for i in range(n):
    adji = list(map(int, input().split()[2:]))
    adj.append(adji)
isSearched = [None] + [False] * n
distance = [None] + [-1] * n
def BFS(u):
    d = 0
    isSearched[u] = True
    distance[u] = d
    edge = [u]
    while edge:
        q = list(edge)
        edge = []
        d += 1
        for ce in q:
            for ne in adj[ce]:
                if not isSearched[ne]:
                    isSearched[ne] = True
                    edge.append(ne)
                    distance[ne] = d
BFS(1)
for i, x in enumerate(distance[1:], start=1):
    print(i, x)