Go: // ダイクストラのアルゴリズム
package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"log"
	"math"
	"os"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
)

type color int

const (
	white color = iota // 未訪問
	mst                // MSTとして確定
)

// 頂点
type node struct {
	num     int         // 頂点の番号
	weights map[int]int // 重みMAP
	parent  *node       // MSTへの重み最小の親
	sum     int         // 始点からの距離
	color   color
}

func (p *node) getMinToMst() int {
	if p.parent == nil {
		return math.MaxInt32
	}
	return p.weights[p.parent.num]
}

func main() {
	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	n := eGetInt(scanner)

	nodes := make([]*node, n)
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		weights := eAtoi((strings.Fields(eGetline(scanner))))
		v := &node{weights[0], make(map[int]int, weights[1]), nil, 0, white}
		for j := 0; j < weights[1]; j++ {
			k := weights[j*2+2] // 相手の頂点名
			w := weights[j*2+3] // 重み
			v.weights[k] = w
		}
		nodes[i] = v
	}

	// 初回はnode[0]がMSTに入るように
	nodes[0].parent = nodes[0]

	for { // 全部チェックするまで

		// どの頂点を新たにMSTに取り込むか

		var minNode *node
		min := math.MaxInt32
		for _, v := range nodes {
			if v.color == mst {
				continue
			}
			if v.getMinToMst() < min {
				min = v.getMinToMst()
				minNode = v
			}
		}
		if minNode == nil {
			// すべて完了している.
			break
		}

		// MSTに追加する頂点決定
		minNode.color = mst
		// 自分の親の合計値と合算する
		minNode.sum = minNode.parent.sum + min

		// MSTに属していない頂点それぞれについて,MSTとの最小の重みの距離を加算
		for _, v := range nodes {
			if v.color == mst {
				continue
			}
			w, ok := v.weights[minNode.num]
			if !ok {
				// minNodeと接してない
				continue
			}

			if w < v.getMinToMst() {
				// minNodeへの距離がもっとも重みが少ないので親を変更
				v.parent = minNode
			}
		}
	}

	for i, v := range nodes {
		fmt.Printf("%d %d\n", i, v.sum)
	}
}

func eGetInt(scanner *bufio.Scanner) int {
	t := eAtoi(strings.Fields(eGetline(scanner)))
	return t[0]
}

func eGetline(p *bufio.Scanner) string {
	if !p.Scan() {
		if err := p.Err(); err != nil {
			log.Fatal(err.Error())
		}
		return ""
	}
	return p.Text()
}

func eAtoi(s []string) []int {
	ints := make([]int, len(s))
	var err error
	for i, e := range s {
		ints[i], err = strconv.Atoi(e)
		if err != nil {
			log.Fatal(err.Error())
		}
	}
	return ints
}

C++: // Ref : https://book.mynavi.jp/ec/products/detail/id=35408

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
static const int MAX = 100;
static const int INFTY = (1 << 21);
static const int WHITE = 0; // unsearched state
static const int GRAY = 1; // ungrouped state
static const int BLACK = 2; // grouped state

int n, M[MAX][MAX];

void dijkstra() {
	int minv;
	int d[MAX], color[MAX];

	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
		d[i] = INFTY;
		color[i] = WHITE;
	}

	d[0] = 0;
	color[0] = GRAY;
	while (1) {
		minv = INFTY;
		int u = -1;
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
			if (minv > d[i] && color[i] != BLACK) {
				u = i;
				minv = d[i];
			}
		}
		if (u == -1) break;
		color[u] = BLACK;
		for (int v = 0; v < n; v++) {
			if (color[v] != BLACK && M[u][v] != INFTY) {
				if (d[v] > d[u] + M[u][v]) {
					d[v] = d[u] + M[u][v];
					color[v] = GRAY;
				}
			}
		}
	}

	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
		cout << i << " " << (d[i] == INFTY ? -1 : d[i]) << endl;
	}
}

int main() {
	cin >> n;
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
		for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
			M[i][j] = INFTY;
		}
	}

	int u, k, v, c;
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
		cin >> u >> k;
		for (int j = 0; j < k; j++) {
			cin >> v >> c;
			M[u][v] = c;
		}
	}

	dijkstra();

	return 0;
}

C++: #include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include <vector>
#include <utility>
#include <algorithm>
using P = pair<int,int>;
#define rep(i,n) for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
vector<bool> seen;
int main(){
    int N,t;
    cin >> N;
    vector<int> costs(N);
    vector<vector<P>> T(N,vector<P>(N));
    vector<int> v(N);
    vector<int> ved(N);
    P pa;
    rep(i,N){
       cin >> t;
       cin >> v[i];
       rep(j,v[i]){
           cin >> T[i][j].second >> T[i][j].first;
       }
       sort(T[i].begin(),T[i].begin()+v[i]);
    }
    seen.assign(N, false);
    costs.assign(N,1e9);
    seen[0] = true;
    costs[0] = 0;
    rep(i,N-1){
        pa.first = 1e9;
        rep(j,N){
            rep(k,v[j]){
                if(seen[T[j][k].second])continue;
                if(pa.first > costs[j]+T[j][k].first){
                    pa.first = costs[j]+T[j][k].first;
                    pa.second = T[j][k].second;
                }
            }
        }
        seen[pa.second] = true;
        costs[pa.second] = pa.first;
    }
    rep(i,N){
        cout << i << " " << costs[i] << endl;
    }
    return 0;
}

C++: #include <bits/stdc++.h>
typedef long long ll;
typedef unsigned long long ull;
#define reps(i,s,n) for(int (i)=(s);(i)<(n);++(i))
#define rep(i,n) reps(i,0,n)
#define reptr(i,n) for(int (i)=(n);(i)>=0;--(i))
#define All(x) (x).begin(),(x).end()
#define mp make_pair
const ll MOD=1e9+7;
const int MAX = 100;
const int BLACK = 2;
const int GRAY = 1;
const int WHITE = 0;
using namespace std;

int n, M[MAX][MAX];

void dijkstra(){
  int minv;
  int color[MAX];
  //d[i] : 自集合からの点iへの最短距離
  int d[MAX];

  rep(i,n){
    color[i] = WHITE;
    d[i] = INT_MAX;
  }
  d[0] = 0;
  color[0] = GRAY;

  while(1){
    minv = INT_MAX;
    int u = -1;
    rep(i,n){
      if(color[i] != BLACK && minv > d[i]){
        u = i;
        minv = d[i];
      }
    }
    if(u == -1) break;
    color[u] = BLACK;
    rep(v,n){
      //uとvがつながっている、かつvが未探索
      if(M[u][v] != INT_MAX && color[v] != BLACK){
        if(d[v] > d[u] + M[u][v]){
          d[v] = d[u] + M[u][v];
          color[v] = GRAY;
        }
      }
    }
  }
  rep(i,n){
    cout << i << " " << (d[i] == INT_MAX ? -1 : d[i]) << endl;
  }
}

int main(){
  cin >> n;
  rep(i,n){
    rep(j,n){
      M[i][j] = INT_MAX;
    }
  }

  rep(i,n){
    int u,k;
    cin >> u >> k;
    rep(j,k){
      int v,c;
      cin >> v >> c;
      M[u][v] = c;
    }
  }
  dijkstra();
}