Go: package main

/*
グラフの表現 隣接行列による表現
*/

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"log"
	"os"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	scanner := makeScanner(8192)
	n := eGetInt(scanner)
	g := make([][]int, n+1)
	for i := 1; i < n+1; i++ {
		g[i] = make([]int, n+1)
		ints := eGetInts(scanner)
		num := ints[0]
		for j := 0; j < ints[1]; j++ {
			g[num][ints[j+2]] = 1
		}
	}
	dist := make([]int, n+1)
	for i := 0; i < len(dist); i++ {
		dist[i] = -1
	}
	q := []int{}

	// 訪問する
	q = append(q, 1)
	dist[1] = 0

	// キューが空でない限り
	for len(q) > 0 {
		// 先頭を取り出す
		top := 0
		top, q = q[0], q[1:]
		// 隣接マスを入れる.
		for i := 1; i < n+1; i++ {
			// 辺がある
			if g[top][i] == 1 {
				if dist[i] == -1 {
					// 訪問済みでなければ
					q = append(q, i)
					dist[i] = dist[top] + 1
				}
			}
		}
	}
	for i := 1; i < n+1; i++ {
		fmt.Println(i, dist[i])
	}
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// ライブラリ
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
func makeScanner(maxByte int) *bufio.Scanner {
	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	scanner.Buffer(make([]uint8, 0, 8192), maxByte)
	return scanner
}
func makeWordScanner() *bufio.Scanner {
	scanner := makeScanner(8192)
	scanner.Split(bufio.ScanWords)
	return scanner
}
func eGetLine(r *bufio.Scanner) string {
	if r.Scan() {
		return r.Text()
	}
	err := r.Err()
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	// EOF
	return ""
}
func eGetInt(r *bufio.Scanner) int {
	line := eGetLine(r)
	return eAtoi(line)
}
func eGetInt64(r *bufio.Scanner) int64 {
	line := eGetLine(r)
	return eAtoInt64(line)
}
func eGetFields(r *bufio.Scanner) []string {
	line := eGetLine(r)
	return strings.Fields(line)
}
func eGetInts(r *bufio.Scanner) []int {
	fields := eGetFields(r)
	ints := make([]int, len(fields))
	for i := 0; i < len(ints); i++ {
		ints[i] = eAtoi(fields[i])
	}
	return ints
}
func eGetInt64s(r *bufio.Scanner) []int64 {
	fields := eGetFields(r)
	ints := make([]int64, len(fields))
	for i := 0; i < len(ints); i++ {
		ints[i] = eAtoInt64(fields[i])
	}
	return ints
}
func eGetChars(r *bufio.Scanner) []string {
	line := eGetLine(r)
	return strings.Split(line, "")
}
func eAtoi(s string) int {
	n, err := strconv.Atoi(s)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	return n
}
func eAtoInt64(s string) int64 {
	n, err := strconv.ParseInt(s, 10, 64)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	return n
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <queue>

using namespace std;

void bfs(int src, int n, vector<vector<int> > G);

int main() {
	int n;
	cin >> n;
	vector<vector<int> > G(n, vector<int>(n, 0));
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
		int u, k;
		cin >> u >> k;
		for (int j = 0; j < k; j++) {
			int v_j;
			cin >> v_j;
			G[u - 1][v_j - 1] = 1;
		}
	}
	bfs(0, n, G);
}

void bfs(int src, int n, vector<vector<int> > G) {
	queue<int> Q;
	Q.push(src);
	vector<int> D(n, 0);
	while (!Q.empty()) {
		int cur = Q.front();
		Q.pop();
		for (int dst = 0; dst < n; dst++)
			if (G[cur][dst] == 1 && D[dst] == 0){
				D[dst] = D[cur] + 1;
				Q.push(dst);
			}
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
		cout << i + 1 << " " << D[i] << endl;
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <cstring>
#include <math.h>
#include <algorithm>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <queue>
#include <stack>
#include <utility>
#define rep(i,n) for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
#define rrep(i,n) for(int i=n-1;i>=0;i--)
#define FOR(i,a,b) for(int i=a;i<b;i++)
#define ll long long
#define INF 1000000001
#define mod 1000000007
using namespace std;

int main(){
	int n;
	cin>>n;
	vector<int> k(n),d(n);
	vector<vector<int>> v(n);
	rep(i,n){
		int w;
		cin>>w;
		cin>>k[i];
		v[i].resize(k[i]);
		rep(j,k[i]){
			cin>>v[i][j];
			v[i][j]--;
		}
		d[i]=-1;
	}

	queue<int> q;
	q.push(0);
	d[0]=0;
	while(!q.empty()){
		int x=q.front();
		q.pop();
		rep(i,k[x]){
			if(d[v[x][i]]==-1){
				d[v[x][i]]=d[x]+1;
				q.push(v[x][i]);
			}
		}
	}
	rep(i,n){
		cout<<i+1<<" "<<d[i]<<endl;
	}
}

C++: #include<iostream>
#include<queue>
const int N = 100;
const int INFTY = (1<<21);
using namespace std;
int n,M[N][N],d[N];
void bfs(int u){
    queue<int> q;
    q.push(u);
    for(int i=0;i<n;i++) d[i] = INFTY;
    d[u] = 0;
    while(!q.empty()){
        int m = q.front();
        q.pop();
        for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
            if(M[m][i]&&d[i]==INFTY){
                d[i] = d[m] + 1;
                q.push(i);
            }
        }
    }
    for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
        cout<<i+1<<" "<<(d[i]==INFTY?-1:d[i])<<endl;
}
int main(){
	scanf("%d",&n);
	for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
		int u,k,v;
		scanf("%d%d",&u,&k);
		while(k--){
			scanf("%d",&v);
			M[u-1][v-1] = 1;
		}
	}
	bfs(0);
	return 0;
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <queue>
using namespace std;

const int INF = 1001001001;

void bfs(vector< vector<int> >& edges, vector<int>& d, int node)
{
    d[node] = 0;
    queue<int> Q;
    Q.push(node);
    while(!Q.empty())
    {
        node = Q.front();
        Q.pop();
        for(int e : edges[node])
        {
            if(d[e] == INF)
            {
                d[e] = d[node] + 1;
                Q.push(e);
            }
        }
    }
}

int main()
{
    int n, u, k, v;
    cin >> n;
    vector<int> d(n);
    vector< vector<int> > edges(n);
    for(int i=0;i<n;++i)
    {
        d[i] = INF;
        cin >> u >> k;
        --u;
        for(int j=0;j<k;++j)
        {
            cin >> v;
            edges[u].push_back(--v);
        }
    }
    bfs(edges, d, 0);
    for(int i=0;i<n;++i)
    {
        cout << i+1 << " ";
        if(d[i] == INF) cout << -1;
        else cout << d[i];
        cout << endl;
    }
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <queue>
using namespace std;
static const int N = 100;
void bfs(int);
int n,M[N][N],d[N],u,i,j;
string color[N];
int main(){
  int inu,k,v;
  cin >> n;
  for(i=1;i<=n;i++){
    for(j=1;j<=n;j++){
      M[i][j]=0;
    }
  }
  for(i=1;i<=n;i++){
    cin >> inu >> k;
    for(j=0;j<k;j++){
      cin >> v;
      M[inu][v]=M[v][inu]=1;
    }
  }
  bfs(1);
  for(i=1;i<=n;i++) cout << i << ' ' << d[i] << endl;
  return 0;
}
void bfs(int s){
  queue<int> q;
  for(i=1;i<=n;i++){
    color[i]="WHITE";
    d[i]=1000000000;
  }
  color[s]="GLAY";
  d[s]=0;
  q.push(s);
  while(q.empty()!=true){
    u=q.front();
    q.pop();
    for(i=1;i<=n;i++){
      if(M[u][i]&&color[i]=="WHITE"){
	color[i]="GLAY";
	d[i]=d[u]+1;
	q.push(i);
      }
    }
    color[u]="BLACK";
  }
}