Go: package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"bufio"
	"strconv"
	"container/list"
)

const MaxNode int = 100

var d []int
var A [][]int
var N int
var l *list.List

func bfs(u int) {
	d[u] = 0
	l.PushBack(u)
	for ;l.Len() != 0; {
		u = l.Front().Value.(int)
		l.Remove(l.Front())
		for v:=0; v<N; v++ {
			if A[u][v] == 0 {
				continue
			}
			if d[v] != -1 {
				continue
			}
			d[v] = d[u] + 1
			l.PushBack(v)
		}
	}
}


func nextInt(scanner *bufio.Scanner) int {
	scanner.Scan()
	num, _ := strconv.Atoi(scanner.Text())
	return num
}

func print() {
	for i:=0; i<N; i++ {
		fmt.Printf("%d %d\n", i+1, d[i])
	}
}

func initVariable() {
	d = make([]int, MaxNode)
	A = make([][]int, MaxNode)
	l = list.New()
	for i:=0; i<MaxNode; i++ {
		A[i] = make([]int, MaxNode)
		d[i] = -1
	}
}


func main() {
	initVariable()
	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	scanner.Split(bufio.ScanWords)
	N = nextInt(scanner)
	for i:=0; i<N; i++ {
		idx := nextInt(scanner)
		cnt := nextInt(scanner)
		for j:=0; j<cnt; j++ {
			node := nextInt(scanner)
			A[idx-1][node-1] = 1 
		}
	}
	bfs(0)
	print()
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <queue>
using namespace  std;

const int nIMPOS = -1;
struct StDist
{
  int m_nDist;
  int m_nFromMeTo;

  StDist(int nDist) : m_nDist(nDist), m_nFromMeTo(0)
  { }
};

void fnInput(vector<vector<int>>& rvvnAdjcy, vector<StDist>& rvoDist)
{
  int nxSiz;
  cin >> nxSiz;

  rvvnAdjcy.resize(nxSiz + 1, vector<int>(nxSiz + 1, 0));
  for (int i = 0; i < nxSiz; ++i)
  {
    int nx, nySiz;
    cin >> nx >> nySiz;
    for (int j = 0; j < nySiz; ++j)
    {
      int ny;
      cin >> ny;
      rvvnAdjcy[nx][ny] = 1;
    }
  }
  StDist oDist(nIMPOS);
  rvoDist.resize(nxSiz + 1, oDist);
}

void fnBreadthFirstSearch(const vector<vector<int>>& cnrvvnAdjcy, 
                          queue<int>& rqnBFSrch, vector<StDist>& rvoDist)
{
  while (rqnBFSrch.size())
  {
    int nx = rqnBFSrch.front(); rqnBFSrch.pop();
    if (rvoDist[nx].m_nDist == nIMPOS)  continue;
    if (rvoDist[nx].m_nFromMeTo)        continue; 

    rvoDist[nx].m_nFromMeTo = 1;
    for (int ny = 1; ny < cnrvvnAdjcy[nx].size(); ++ny)
      if (cnrvvnAdjcy[nx][ny])
      {
        int nDist = rvoDist[nx].m_nDist + 1;
        if (rvoDist[ny].m_nDist == nIMPOS)
          rvoDist[ny].m_nDist = nDist;
        else
          rvoDist[ny].m_nDist = min(rvoDist[ny].m_nDist, nDist);

        rqnBFSrch.push(ny);
      }
  }
}

void fnResult(const vector<StDist>& cnrvoDist)
{
  for (int i = 1; i < cnrvoDist.size(); ++i)
    cout << i <<  " " << cnrvoDist[i].m_nDist << endl;
}

int main()
{
  cin.tie(0);
  ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
  vector<vector<int>> vvnAdjcy;
  queue<int>  qnBFSrch;
  vector<StDist> voDist;

  fnInput(vvnAdjcy, voDist);

  voDist[1].m_nDist = 0;
  qnBFSrch.push(1);
  fnBreadthFirstSearch(vvnAdjcy, qnBFSrch, voDist);
  fnResult(voDist);

  return 0;
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <queue>
 
using namespace std;
static const int INF = 1e9;
static const int SIZE = 101;
typedef pair<int, int> P;
 
int d[SIZE];
vector<int> G[SIZE];
 
void solve()
{
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
    {
        int u, k;
        cin >> u >> k;
        for (int j = 0; j < k; ++j)
        {
            int v;
            cin >> v;
            G[u].push_back(v);
        }
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; ++i)
    {
        d[i] = INF;
    }
    d[1] = 0;
    queue<P> que;
    que.push(P(0, 1));
    while (!que.empty())
    {
        P p = que.front();
        que.pop();
        int v = p.second;
        for (int i = 0; i < G[v].size(); ++i)
        {
            int to = G[v][i];
            if (d[to] > p.first + 1)
            {
                d[to] = p.first + 1;
                que.push(P(d[to], to));
            }
        }
    }
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
    {
        if (d[i] == INF)
        {
            cout << i << " " << -1 << endl;
        }
        else
        {
            cout << i << " " << d[i] << endl;
        }
    }
}
 
int main()
{
    solve();
    return(0);
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cmath>
#include <string>
#include <cctype>
#include <stack>
#include <queue>
#include <vector>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <list>
#define _USE_MATH_DEFINES
#include <math.h>

using namespace std;

static const int N = 100;
static const int INFTY = (1 << 21);

int n, M[N][N] = { 0 }, d[N];

void bfs(int s);

int main() {

	int u, k, v;

	cin >> n;

	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
		cin >> u >> k;
		u--;
		for (int j = 0; j < k; j++) {
			cin >> v;
			v--;
			M[u][v] = 1;
		}
	}
	bfs(0);

	return 0;
}

void bfs(int s) {
	queue<int> q;
	q.push(s);

	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
		d[i] = INFTY;
	}
	d[s] = 0;
	int u;
	while (!q.empty()) {
		u = q.front();
		q.pop();
		for (int v = 0; v < n; v++) {
			if (M[u][v] == 0)continue;
			if (d[v] != INFTY)continue;
			d[v] = d[u] + 1;
			q.push(v);
		}
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
		cout << i + 1 << " " << ((d[i] == INFTY) ? (-1) : d[i]) << endl;
	}
}

C++: 
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <queue>
using namespace std;

int main(){
  int n;
  vector<int> mat[100];
  cin >> n;
  for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
    int u,k;
    cin >> u >> k;
    for(int j=0;j<k;j++){
      int v;
      cin >> v;
      mat[i].push_back(v-1);
    }
  }

  int d[100];
  for(int i=0;i<n;i++) d[i]=(-1);

  queue<int> nb;
  nb.push(0);
  d[0]=0;

  while(!nb.empty()){
    for(vector<int>::iterator it=mat[nb.front()].begin();it!=mat[nb.front()].end();it++){
      if(d[*it]==-1){
        d[*it]=d[nb.front()]+1;
        nb.push(*it);
      }
    }
    nb.pop();
  }

  for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
    cout << i << ' ' << d[i-1] << endl;
  
  return 0;
}

C++: #include<iostream>
#include<queue>

using namespace std;

static const int N = 100;
static const int INFTY = (1<<21);

int n, M[N][N];
int d[N]; // 距離で訪問状態(color)を管理する

void bfs(int s){
    queue<int> q;
    q.push(s);
    for(int i=0; i<n; i++) d[i] = INFTY;

    d[s] = 0;
    int u;

    while(!q.empty()){
        u = q.front();
        q.pop();

        for(int v=0; v<n; v++){
            if(M[u][v] == 0) continue;
            if(d[v] != INFTY) continue;
            d[v] = d[u] + 1;
            q.push(v);
        }
    }
    for(int i=0; i<n; i++){
        cout << i+1 << " " << ((d[i] == INFTY) ? (-1) : d[i]) << endl;
    }
}

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    int u, k, v;

    cin >> n;
    for(int i=0; i<n; i++){
        for(int j=0; j<n; j++) M[i][j] = 0;
    }

    for(int i=0; i<n; i++){
        cin >> u >> k;
        u--;
        for(int j=0; j<k; j++){
            cin >> v;
            v--;
            M[u][v] = 1;
        }
    }    

    bfs(0);

    return 0;
}