Go: package main

/*
グラフの表現 隣接行列による表現
*/

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"log"
	"os"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	scanner := makeScanner(8192)
	n := eGetInt(scanner)
	g := make([][]int, n+1)
	for i := 1; i < n+1; i++ {
		g[i] = make([]int, n+1)
		ints := eGetInts(scanner)
		num := ints[0]
		for j := 0; j < ints[1]; j++ {
			g[num][ints[j+2]] = 1
		}
	}
	dist := make([]int, n+1)
	for i := 0; i < len(dist); i++ {
		dist[i] = -1
	}
	q := []int{}

	// 訪問する
	q = append(q, 1)
	dist[1] = 0

	// キューが空でない限り
	for len(q) > 0 {
		// 先頭を取り出す
		top := 0
		top, q = q[0], q[1:]
		// 隣接マスを入れる.
		for i := 1; i < n+1; i++ {
			// 辺がある
			if g[top][i] == 1 {
				if dist[i] == -1 {
					// 訪問済みでなければ
					q = append(q, i)
					dist[i] = dist[top] + 1
				}
			}
		}
	}
	for i := 1; i < n+1; i++ {
		fmt.Println(i, dist[i])
	}
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// ライブラリ
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
func makeScanner(maxByte int) *bufio.Scanner {
	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	scanner.Buffer(make([]uint8, 0, 8192), maxByte)
	return scanner
}
func makeWordScanner() *bufio.Scanner {
	scanner := makeScanner(8192)
	scanner.Split(bufio.ScanWords)
	return scanner
}
func eGetLine(r *bufio.Scanner) string {
	if r.Scan() {
		return r.Text()
	}
	err := r.Err()
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	// EOF
	return ""
}
func eGetInt(r *bufio.Scanner) int {
	line := eGetLine(r)
	return eAtoi(line)
}
func eGetInt64(r *bufio.Scanner) int64 {
	line := eGetLine(r)
	return eAtoInt64(line)
}
func eGetFields(r *bufio.Scanner) []string {
	line := eGetLine(r)
	return strings.Fields(line)
}
func eGetInts(r *bufio.Scanner) []int {
	fields := eGetFields(r)
	ints := make([]int, len(fields))
	for i := 0; i < len(ints); i++ {
		ints[i] = eAtoi(fields[i])
	}
	return ints
}
func eGetInt64s(r *bufio.Scanner) []int64 {
	fields := eGetFields(r)
	ints := make([]int64, len(fields))
	for i := 0; i < len(ints); i++ {
		ints[i] = eAtoInt64(fields[i])
	}
	return ints
}
func eGetChars(r *bufio.Scanner) []string {
	line := eGetLine(r)
	return strings.Split(line, "")
}
func eAtoi(s string) int {
	n, err := strconv.Atoi(s)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	return n
}
func eAtoInt64(s string) int64 {
	n, err := strconv.ParseInt(s, 10, 64)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	return n
}

C++: #include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<queue>
#define Lens 105
using namespace std;
int N;
int A[Lens][Lens];
int d[Lens];
char c[Lens];
queue<int> Q;

int main()
{
	cin >> N;
	Q.push(1);
	
	for (int i = 1; i <= N; i++)
	{
		int k, n;
		cin >> k >> n;
		c[k] = 'w';
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
		{
			int j;
			cin >> j;
			A[k][j] = 1;
		}
	}
	c[1] = 'g';
	while (Q.size())
	{
		int i = Q.front();
		Q.pop();
		for(int j=1;j<=N;j++)
		{
			if (A[i][j] == 1 && c[j] == 'w')
			{
				c[j] = 'g';
				d[j] = d[i] + 1;
				Q.push(j);
			}	 
		}
	}
	for (int i = 2; i <= N; i++)
	{
		if (c[i] == 'w')
			d[i] = -1;
	}	
	for (int i = 1; i <= N; i++)
	{
		cout << i << ' ' << d[i] << endl;
	}
	return 0;
}

C++: #include<iostream>
#include<queue>

using namespace std;
static const int N=100;
static const int INF=(1<<21);

int n,M[N][N];
int d[N];
int v,i;
int u;
void bfs(int s){
  queue<int> q;
  q.push(s);
  for(i=0;i<n;i++)d[i]=INF;
  d[s]=0;
  while(!q.empty()){
    u=q.front();
    q.pop();
    for(v=0;v<n;v++){
      if(d[v]!=INF)continue;
      if(d[v]!=INF)continue;
      d[v]=d[u]+1;
      q.push(v);
    }
  }
  for(i=0;i<n;i++){
    cout << i+1 << " " << ((d[i]==INF) ? (-1) : d[i])<<endl;
  }
}
int main(){
  int u,k,v;
  int i,j;
  cin >> n;
  for(i=0;i<n;i++){
    for(j=0;j<n;j++)M[i][j]=0;
  }
  for(i=0;i<n;i++){
    cin >> u >> k;
    u--;
    for(j=0;j<k;j++){
      cin >> v;
      v--;
      M[u][v]=1;
    }
  }
  bfs(0);

  return 0;
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <queue>
using namespace std;

int a[100][100];
int n;
int D[100];
void bfs(int src) {
	queue<int> Q;
	Q.push(src);
	D[src] = 0;
	while (! Q.empty()) {
		int cur = Q.front();
		Q.pop();
		for (int dst=0; dst<n; ++dst) {
			if (a[cur][dst] == 1 && D[dst] == -1) {
				D[dst] = D[cur]+1;
				Q.push(dst);
			}
		}
	}
}

int main() {
	cin >> n;
	int p,q,r;
	for (int i=0; i<n; ++i) {
		cin >> p >> q;
		D[i] = -1;
		for (int i=0; i<q; ++i) {
			cin >> r;
			a[p-1][r-1] = 1;
		}
	}
	bfs(0);
	for (int i=0; i<n; ++i) {
		cout << i+1 << " " << D[i] << endl;
	}
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <utility>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>
#include <set>
#include <queue>
#include <vector>
#define MAX 10010
#define rep(i,p) for(int i=0;i<p;i++)
#define pb push_back
using namespace std;
int n,hoge,foo;
int graph[MAX][MAX] = {0};
int D[MAX] = {-1};
void bfs (int src) {
  queue<int> Q;
  Q.push(src);
  rep(i,MAX) D[i] = -1;
  D[src] = 0;
  while (! Q.empty()) {
    int cur = Q.front();
    Q.pop();
    // cout << "visiting " << cur << " " << D[cur] << endl;
    for (int dst = 1; dst <= n; dst++) {
      if (graph[cur][dst] == 1 && D[dst] == -1) {
        D[dst] = D[cur] + 1;
        Q.push(dst);
      }
    }
  }
}
int main(){
  cin >> n;
  rep(i,n) {
    cin >> hoge >> foo;
    rep(j,foo) {
      cin >> hoge;
      graph[i+1][hoge] = 1;
    }
  }
  bfs(1);
  rep(i,n) cout << i+1 << " " << D[i+1] << endl;
  return 0;
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <queue>

using namespace std;
const int N=100;
const int INFTY=(1<<21);

int n,M[N][N];
//??????????????????????????¶??????color???
int d[N];

void bfs(int s){
    queue<int> q;
    q.push(s);
    for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
        d[i]=INFTY;
    d[s]=0;
    int u=0;
    while(!q.empty()){
        u=q.front();q.pop();
        for(int v=0;v<n;v++)
            if(M[u][v]!=0&&d[v]==INFTY){
                d[v]=d[u]+1;
                q.push(v);
            }
    }
    for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
        cout<<i+1<<" "<<(d[i]==INFTY?-1:d[i])<<endl;
}

int main(){
    int u,k,v;
    
    cin>>n;
    for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
        for(int j=0;j<n;j++)
            M[i][j]=0;
    
    for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
        cin>>u>>k;
        u--;
        for(int j=0;j<k;j++){
            cin>>v;
            v--;
            M[u][v]=1;
        }
    }
    
    bfs(0);
}