Go: package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"strconv"
)

const MAX = 1000
const NIL = -1

type Node struct {
	id    int
	depth int
}

type Queue struct {
	head      int
	tail      int
	container [MAX]Node
}

func (q *Queue) inQueue(x Node) {
	q.container[q.tail] = x
	q.tail = (q.tail + 1) % MAX
}

func (q *Queue) deQueue() Node {
	x := q.container[q.head]
	q.head = (q.head + 1) % MAX
	return x
}

func (q *Queue) isEmpty() bool {
	return q.head == q.tail
}

var sc = bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)

func scanInt() int {
	num, _ := strconv.Atoi(scanString())
	return num
}

func scanString() string {
	sc.Scan()
	return sc.Text()
}

func init() {
	sc.Split(bufio.ScanWords)
}

func main() {
	n := scanInt()
	route := make([][]int, n)
	for i := range route {
		u, k := scanInt(), scanInt()
		u--
		route[u] = make([]int, k)
		for j := range route[u] {
			num := scanInt()
			num--
			route[i][j] = num
		}
	}

	d := make([]int, n)
	for i := range d {
		d[i] = NIL
	}

	start := Node{0, 0}
	que := Queue{}
	que.inQueue(start)
	for !que.isEmpty() {
		node := que.deQueue()
		if d[node.id] != NIL {
			continue
		}
		d[node.id] = node.depth

		for _, nextId := range route[node.id] {
			next := Node{id: nextId, depth: node.depth + 1}
			que.inQueue(next)
		}
	}

	for i, depth := range d {
		fmt.Println(i+1, depth)
	}
}

C++: #include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define rep(i, n) for(int i = 0; i < (n); ++i)
using namespace std;


int G[100][100];
int d[100]={0};
queue<int> que;
int distance_from0 = 1;

int main() {
    // 制約見て！！！デカかったらlong longにすること！
    int n, u, k, v;
    cin >> n;
    rep(i, n) {
        cin >> u >> k;
        u--;
        rep(j, k) {
            cin >> v;
            v--;
            G[u][v] = 1;
        }
    }
    que.push(0);
    d[0]=0;
    while(que.size()>0){
        int s = que.front();
        que.pop();
        rep(i,n){
            if(i>0 && d[i]==0 && G[s][i]==1){
                que.push(i);
                d[i] = d[s]+1;
            }
        }
    }

    rep(i,n){
        if(i>0 && d[i]==0){
            d[i] = -1;
        }
    }
    rep(i,n){
        printf("%d %d\n",i+1,d[i]);
    }
}

C++: #define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <climits>
#include <stack>
#include <queue>

using namespace std;

int main() {
	queue<int> Q;
	int n;
	int u, v;
	int AdjList[101][99];
	int Deg[101];
	bool Visited[101];
	int d[101];
	int i, j;
	cin >> n;
	for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
		d[i] = -1;
		Visited[i] = false;
		cin >> u;
		cin >> Deg[u];
		for (j = 0; j < Deg[u]; j++) {
			cin >> v;
			AdjList[u][j] = v;
		}
	}

	d[1] = 0;
	Q.push(1);
	Visited[1] = true;
	while (Q.empty() != true) {
		v = Q.front();
		Q.pop();
		for (i = 0; i < Deg[v]; i++) {
			u = AdjList[v][i];
			
			if (Visited[u] != true) {
				Visited[u] = true;
				d[u] = d[v] + 1;
				Q.push(u);
			}
		}
	}
	for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
		printf("%d %d\n", i, d[i]);
	}

	return 0;
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <stack>
#include <queue>

using namespace std;

static const int N = 100;
static const int NEW = 0;
static const int VISITING = 1;
static const int OLD = 2;

int n, m[N][N] = {0}, t;
int color[N] = { 0 }, t1[N] = { 0 }, t2[N] = {0};

void getMatrix()
{
	int u, v, k;
	cin >> n;
	for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
	{
		cin >> u >> k;
		for (int j = 0; j < k; ++j)
		{
			cin >> v;
			m[u-1][v-1] = 1;
		}
	}
}

int nxt(int idx)
{
	for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
	{
		if (1 == m[idx][i] && color[i] == NEW)
			return i;
	}
	return -1;
}

void dfs_visit(int idx)
{
	stack<int> s;
	s.push(idx);
	color[idx] = VISITING;
	t1[idx] = t++;


	while (!s.empty())
	{
		int u = s.top();
		int v = nxt(u);
		if (-1 != v)
		{
			color[v] = VISITING;
			t1[v] = t++;
			s.push(v);
		}
		else
		{
			s.pop();
			color[u] = OLD;
			t2[u] = t++;
		}
	}
}

void dfs()
{
	t = 1;

	for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
		color[i] = NEW;

	for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
	{
		if (color[i] == NEW)
			dfs_visit(i);
	}

	for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
	{
		cout << i + 1 << " " << t1[i] << " " << t2[i] << endl;
	}
}

int dist[N];

void bfs(int idx)
{
	queue<int> q;
	q.push(idx);

	for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
		dist[i] = INT_MAX;
	dist[idx] = 0;

	int u;
	while (!q.empty())
	{
		u = q.front(); q.pop();
		for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
		{
			if (m[u][i] == 0) continue;
			if (dist[i] != INT_MAX) continue;
			dist[i] = dist[u] + 1;
			q.push(i);
		}
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
	{
		cout << i + 1 << " " <<( (dist[i] == INT_MAX) ? (-1) : dist[i]) << endl;
	}
}


int main()
{
	getMatrix();
	bfs(0);
}