Go: // ダイクストラのアルゴリズム
package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"log"
	"math"
	"os"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
)

type color int

const (
	white color = iota // 未訪問
	mst                // MSTとして確定
)

// 頂点
type node struct {
	num     int         // 頂点の番号
	weights map[int]int // 重みMAP
	parent  *node       // MSTへの重み最小の親
	sum     int         // 始点からの距離
	color   color
}

func (p *node) getMinToMst() int {
	if p.parent == nil {
		return math.MaxInt32
	}
	return p.weights[p.parent.num]
}

func main() {
	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	n := eGetInt(scanner)

	nodes := make([]*node, n)
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		weights := eAtoi((strings.Fields(eGetline(scanner))))
		v := &node{weights[0], make(map[int]int, weights[1]), nil, 0, white}
		for j := 0; j < weights[1]; j++ {
			k := weights[j*2+2] // 相手の頂点名
			w := weights[j*2+3] // 重み
			v.weights[k] = w
		}
		nodes[i] = v
	}

	// 初回はnode[0]がMSTに入るように
	nodes[0].parent = nodes[0]

	for { // 全部チェックするまで

		// どの頂点を新たにMSTに取り込むか

		var minNode *node
		min := math.MaxInt32
		for _, v := range nodes {
			if v.color == mst {
				continue
			}
			if v.getMinToMst() < min {
				min = v.getMinToMst()
				minNode = v
			}
		}
		if minNode == nil {
			// すべて完了している.
			break
		}

		// MSTに追加する頂点決定
		minNode.color = mst
		// 自分の親の合計値と合算する
		minNode.sum = minNode.parent.sum + min

		// MSTに属していない頂点それぞれについて,MSTとの最小の重みの距離を加算
		for _, v := range nodes {
			if v.color == mst {
				continue
			}
			w, ok := v.weights[minNode.num]
			if !ok {
				// minNodeと接してない
				continue
			}

			if w < v.getMinToMst() {
				// minNodeへの距離がもっとも重みが少ないので親を変更
				v.parent = minNode
			}
		}
	}

	for i, v := range nodes {
		fmt.Printf("%d %d\n", i, v.sum)
	}
}

func eGetInt(scanner *bufio.Scanner) int {
	t := eAtoi(strings.Fields(eGetline(scanner)))
	return t[0]
}

func eGetline(p *bufio.Scanner) string {
	if !p.Scan() {
		if err := p.Err(); err != nil {
			log.Fatal(err.Error())
		}
		return ""
	}
	return p.Text()
}

func eAtoi(s []string) []int {
	ints := make([]int, len(s))
	var err error
	for i, e := range s {
		ints[i], err = strconv.Atoi(e)
		if err != nil {
			log.Fatal(err.Error())
		}
	}
	return ints
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;

typedef struct NODE {
    int id;
    int degree;
    int min_cost;
    bool done;
    vector<int> adj_n;
    vector<int> cost_to_n;
} node;

node **nodes;
int n;

node *gen_node(int id, int degree, vector<int> adj_n, vector<int> cost_to_n) {
    node *p = (node *)malloc(sizeof(node));
    p->id = id;
    p->degree = degree;
    if (id != 0) {
        p->min_cost = 100010;
    } else {
        p->min_cost = 0;
    }

    p->done = false;
    p->adj_n = adj_n;
    p->cost_to_n = cost_to_n;
    return p;
}

void solve() {
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        node *src = (node *)malloc(sizeof(node));
        src = nodes[i];
        for (int j = 0; j < src->degree; j++) {
            node *dst = (node *)malloc(sizeof(node));
            dst = nodes[src->adj_n[j]];

            // 最小コストの更新
            //cout << "src: " << src->id << " dst: " << dst->id;
            //cout << " dst's min cost: " << dst->min_cost << " src's cost to dst: " << src->min_cost + src->cost_to_n[j] << endl;
            dst->min_cost = min(dst->min_cost, src->min_cost + src->cost_to_n[j]);

            // // dstの隣接nodeからsrcを消す処理
            // auto itr = find(dst->adj_n.begin(), dst->adj_n.end(), src->id);
            // int erase_index = itr - dst->adj_n.begin();
            // dst->degree--;
            // dst->adj_n.erase(dst->adj_n.begin() + erase_index);
            // dst->cost_to_n.erase(dst->cost_to_n.begin() + erase_index);
        }
    }
}

void print_node() {
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        cout << nodes[i]->id << " " << nodes[i]->min_cost << endl;
    }
}

int main() {
    int u, k;
    cin >> n;

    nodes = (node **)malloc(sizeof(node) * n);

    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        cin >> u >> k;
        vector<int> adj_n;
        vector<int> cost_to_n;

        int node_tmp;
        int cost_tmp;
        for (int j = 0; j < k; j++) {
            cin >> node_tmp >> cost_tmp;
            adj_n.push_back(node_tmp);
            cost_to_n.push_back(cost_tmp);
        }
        node *p = gen_node(u, k, adj_n, cost_to_n);
        nodes[u] = p;
    }

    solve();
    solve();

    print_node();

    return 0;
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
struct edge {int from, to, cost;};
const long long INF = 1000000000;
void bellman_ford(std::vector<edge> & es, std::vector<int> & d, int E, int V, int s) {
  for(int i=0;i<V;i++) d[i] = INF;
  d[s] = 0;
  while(true) {
    bool update = false;
    for(int i=0;i<E;i++) {
      edge e = es[i];
      if(d[e.from] != INF && d[e.to] > d[e.from] + e.cost) {
        d[e.to] = d[e.from] + e.cost;
        update = true;
      }
    }
    if(!update) break;
  }
}
 
int main() {
  int n;
  cin >> n;
  vector<edge> e;
  for(int i=0;i<n;i++) {
    int u, k;
    cin >> u >> k;
    for(int j=0;j<k;j++) {
      int vi, ci;
      cin >> vi >> ci;
      edge ei = {u, vi, ci};
      e.push_back(ei);
    }
  }
  vector<int> d(n);
  bellman_ford(e, d, e.size(), n, 0);
  for(int i=0;i<n;i++) {
    cout << i << " " << d[i] << endl;
  }

}

C++: #include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#define MAX 100
#define INFTY 1<<22
#define WHITE 0
#define GRAY 1
#define BLACK 2

int gMatrix[MAX][MAX];

void dijkstra(int n){
    // 最小の重みを記録する
    int minV;
    int weight[MAX];
    int color[MAX];
    
    for(int i = 0;i < n;++i){
        weight[i] = INFTY;
        color[i] = WHITE;
    }
    // 始点
    weight[0] = 0;
    color[0] = GRAY;
    
    while(1){
        minV = INFTY;
        // 頂点
        int u = -1;
        for(int i = 0;i < n;++i){
            if(minV > weight[i] && color[i] != BLACK){
                u = i;
                minV = weight[i];
            }
        }
        if(u == -1)break;
        color[u] = BLACK;
        
        for(int v = 0;v < n;++v){
            if(color[v] != BLACK && gMatrix[u][v] != INFTY){
                if(weight[v] > weight[u] + gMatrix[u][v]){
                    weight[v] = weight[u] + gMatrix[u][v];
                    color[v] = GRAY;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    // 出力
    for(int i = 0;i < n;++i){
        cout << i << " " << ( weight[i] == INFTY ? -1 : weight[i] ) << endl;
    }
}

int main(){
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    
    for(int i = 0;i < n;++i){
        for(int j = 0;j < n;++j){
            gMatrix[i][j] = INFTY;
        }
    }
    
    int k,c,u,v;
    for(int i = 0;i < n;++i){
        cin >> u >> k;
        for(int j = 0;j < k;++j){
            cin >> v >> c;
            gMatrix[u][v] = c;
        }
    }
    dijkstra(n);
    return 0;
}

C++: #include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
static const int INFTY = (1 << 21);
static const int BLACK = 1;
static const int Maxn = 110;

int n, M[Maxn][Maxn], p[Maxn], d[Maxn], color[Maxn];
void dijkstra(){
	for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
		d[i] = INFTY;
		p[i] = -1;
	}
	d[0] = 0;
	while(1){
		int minv = INFTY, u = -1;
		for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
			if(d[i] < minv && color[i] != BLACK){
				minv = d[i];
				u = i;
			}
		}
		if(u == -1) break;
		color[u] = BLACK;
		for(int v = 0; v < n; v++){
			if(color[v] != BLACK && M[u][v] + d[u] < d[v]){
				d[v] = M[u][v] + d[u];
				p[v] = u;
			}
		}
	}
	for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) cout << i << " " << d[i] << endl;
}
int main()
{
	memset(M, -1, sizeof(M));
	int u, k, t, c;
	cin >> n;
	for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
		cin >> u >> k;
		while(k--){
			cin >> t >> c;
			M[u][t] = c;
		}
		for(int j = 0; j < n; j++) 
			if(M[u][j] == -1)  M[i][j] = INFTY;
	}	
	/*for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
		for(int j = 0; j < n; j++) cout << M[i][j] << " ";
		cout << "\n";
	}*/
	dijkstra();
	return 0;
}