Go: package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"strconv"
)

const MAX = 1000
const NIL = -1

type Node struct {
	id    int
	depth int
}

type Queue struct {
	head      int
	tail      int
	container [MAX]Node
}

func (q *Queue) inQueue(x Node) {
	q.container[q.tail] = x
	q.tail = (q.tail + 1) % MAX
}

func (q *Queue) deQueue() Node {
	x := q.container[q.head]
	q.head = (q.head + 1) % MAX
	return x
}

func (q *Queue) isEmpty() bool {
	return q.head == q.tail
}

var sc = bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)

func scanInt() int {
	num, _ := strconv.Atoi(scanString())
	return num
}

func scanString() string {
	sc.Scan()
	return sc.Text()
}

func init() {
	sc.Split(bufio.ScanWords)
}

func main() {
	n := scanInt()
	route := make([][]int, n)
	for i := range route {
		u, k := scanInt(), scanInt()
		u--
		route[u] = make([]int, k)
		for j := range route[u] {
			num := scanInt()
			num--
			route[i][j] = num
		}
	}

	d := make([]int, n)
	for i := range d {
		d[i] = NIL
	}

	start := Node{0, 0}
	que := Queue{}
	que.inQueue(start)
	for !que.isEmpty() {
		node := que.deQueue()
		if d[node.id] != NIL {
			continue
		}
		d[node.id] = node.depth

		for _, nextId := range route[node.id] {
			next := Node{id: nextId, depth: node.depth + 1}
			que.inQueue(next)
		}
	}

	for i, depth := range d {
		fmt.Println(i+1, depth)
	}
}

C++: #include <cassert>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>

class TVertex
{
    int FIndex;
    std::vector<TVertex*> FList;
    int FDistance;

public:
    TVertex(int Index)
     : FIndex(Index), FDistance(-1)
    {}
    void AddPath(TVertex* Vertex)
    {
        FList.push_back(Vertex);
    }
    void PrintDistance(std::ostream& out)const
    {
        out << FIndex << " " << FDistance << std::endl;
    }
    void BreadthFirstSearch(int Distance)
    {
        if(FDistance <= Distance && FDistance != -1) return;
        FDistance = Distance++;
        for(std::vector<TVertex*>::iterator It = FList.begin(); It != FList.end(); ++It){
            TVertex* V = *It;
            V->BreadthFirstSearch(Distance);
        }
    }
};
class TGraph
{
    std::vector<TVertex*> FTable;
    void Init(int n)
    {
        assert(n > 0);
        FTable.resize(n);
        for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i){
            FTable[i] = new TVertex(i);
        }
    }
public:
    TGraph(int n)
    {
        Init(n+1);
    }
    
    void SetupVertex(std::istream& in)
    {
        int Index;
        in >> Index;
        assert(Index >= 1);
        assert(Index <= FTable.size());
        int k;
        in >> k;
        for(int i = 0; i < k; ++i){
            int v;
            in >> v;
            FTable[Index]->AddPath(FTable[v]);
        }
    }
    void BreadthFirstSearch()
    {
        FTable[1]->BreadthFirstSearch(0);
    }
    void PrintDistance(std::ostream& out)
    {
        for(int i = 1; i < FTable.size(); ++i){
            FTable[i]->PrintDistance(out);
        }
    }
};

int main()
{
    int n;
    std::cin >> n;
    TGraph Graph(n);
    for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i){
        Graph.SetupVertex(std::cin);
    }
    Graph.BreadthFirstSearch();
    Graph.PrintDistance(std::cout);
    return 0;
    
}

C++: #include <bits/stdc++.h>

using namespace std;

typedef pair<int, int> P;
typedef long long int LL;

vector<int> v[101];
vector<int> dist;
queue<int> q;

int bfs() {
    dist[1] = 0;
    q.push(1);

    while (!q.empty()) {
        int c = q.front();
        q.pop();
        for (int i = 0; i < v[c].size(); i++) {
            if (dist[v[c][i]] == -1) {
                dist[v[c][i]] = dist[c] + 1;
                q.push(v[c][i]);
            }
        }
    }
}

int main() {
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    dist.resize(n + 1, -1);

    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        int u, k;
        cin >> u >> k;
        for (int j = 0; j < k; j++) {
            int a;
            cin >> a;
            v[u].push_back(a);
        }
    }

    bfs();

    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
        cout << i << " " << dist[i] << endl;
    }

    return 0;
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <math.h>
#include <utility>
#include <algorithm>
#include <functional>
#include <vector>
#include <numeric>
#include <bits/stdc++.h>

using namespace std;
using ll = long long;
using vi = vector<int>;
using vll = vector<ll>;
using vb = vector<bool>;
using qi = queue<int>;
using Graph = vector<vector<int>>;

#define FOR(i, a, b) for (int i = a; i < (b); i++)
#define REP(i,n) for(int i=0;i<n;i++)

qi que;
vi dist;

void bfs(Graph &G) {
    while (!que.empty()) {
        int v = que.front();
        que.pop();

        for(int next_v : G[v]) {
            if (dist[next_v] != -1) continue;
            que.push(next_v);
            dist[next_v] = dist[v] + 1;
        }
    }
}

int main() {
	cin.tie(0);
   	ios::sync_with_stdio(false);

    int n; cin >> n;
    Graph G(n);
    REP(i, n) {
        int u; cin >> u;
        int k; cin >> k;
        REP(j, k) {
            int v; cin >> v;
            G[i].push_back(v-1);
        }
    }

    que.push(0);
    dist.assign(n, -1);
    dist[0] = 0;
    bfs(G);

    REP(i, n) {
        cout << (i+1) << " " << dist[i] << "\n";
    }
}

C++: #include <stdio.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class Adjl{
private:
	int u;
	int k;
	Adjl **next;
public:
	Adjl(int u);
	~Adjl(){ if (next != NULL) delete[] next; }
	void setV(int k, Adjl *vk);
	int breadthFirstSearch(int id);
	void print(int id);
};

Adjl::Adjl(int u)
{
	this->u = u;
	k = 0;
	next = NULL;
}

void Adjl::setV(int k, Adjl *vk)
{
	if (this->k == 0) next = new Adjl*[k];
	next[this->k] = vk;
	(this->k)++;
}

int Adjl::breadthFirstSearch(int id)
{
	if (id == u) return 0;
	int d_min = -1;
	for (int i = 0; i < k; i++) {
		int d = next[i]->breadthFirstSearch(id);
		if (d == -1) continue;
		if (d_min == -1) d_min = d + 1;
		else d_min = min(d + 1, d_min);
	}
	return d_min;
}

void Adjl::print(int id)
{
	cout << id << " " << breadthFirstSearch(id) << endl;
}

int main(void)
{
	int n;
	cin >> n;
	
	Adjl **adjl = new Adjl*[n];
	int check[100] = {0};

	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
		int u, k;
		cin >> u >> k;
		if (check[i] == 0) {
			adjl[i] = new Adjl(u);
			check[i] = 1;
		}
		check[i] = 1;
		for (int j = 0; j < k; j++) {
			int vk;
			cin >> vk;
			if (check[vk - 1] == 0) {
				adjl[vk - 1] = new Adjl(vk);
				check[vk - 1] = 1;
			}
			adjl[i]->setV(k, adjl[vk - 1]);
		}
	}

	for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
		adjl[0]->print(i);
	}

	delete[] adjl;
	return 0;
}

C++: #define _USE_MATH_DEFINES
#include "bits/stdc++.h"
using namespace std;

//#define int long long
#define DBG 1
#define dump(o) if(DBG){cerr<<#o<<" "<<o<<endl;}
#define dumpc(o) if(DBG){cerr<<#o; for(auto &e:(o))cerr<<" "<<e;cerr<<endl;}
#define rep(i,a,b) for(int i=(a);i<(b);i++)
#define rrep(i,a,b) for(int i=(b)-1;i>=(a);i--)
#define each(it,c) for(auto it=(c).begin();it!=(c).end();it++)
#define all(c) c.begin(),c.end()
const int INF = sizeof(int) == sizeof(long long) ? 0x3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3fLL : 0x3f3f3f3f;
const int MOD = (int)(1e9 + 7);
vector<vector<int> >vec;
int n;
vector<int>d;
void bfs(int s) {
	queue<int>q;
	q.push(s);
	d[s] = 0;
	while (!q.empty()) {
		int u = q.front(); q.pop();
		rep(v, 0, vec[u].size()) {
			if (d[vec[u][v]] != INF)continue;
			d[vec[u][v]] = d[u] + 1;
			q.push(vec[u][v]);
		}
	}
	rep(i, 0, n) {
		cout << i + 1 << " " << d[i] << endl;
	}
}
signed main() {
	cin >> n; vec = vector<vector<int> >(n); d = vector<int>(n, INF);
	rep(i, 0, n) {
		int u, k; cin >> u >> k; u--;
		rep(j, 0, k) {
			int v; cin >> v; v--;
			vec[u].push_back(v);
		}
	}
	bfs(0);

	return 0;
}