Go: package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"strconv"
)

// I/O
type Scanner struct {
	sc *bufio.Scanner
}

func NewScanner() *Scanner {
	sc := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	sc.Split(bufio.ScanWords)
	sc.Buffer(make([]byte, 1024), int(1e+9))
	return &Scanner{sc}
}

func (s *Scanner) nextStr() string {
	s.sc.Scan()
	return s.sc.Text()
}

func (s *Scanner) nextInt() int {
	i, e := strconv.Atoi(s.nextStr())
	if e != nil {
		panic(e)
	}
	return i
}

func (s *Scanner) nextFloat() float64 {
	f, e := strconv.ParseFloat(s.nextStr(), 64)
	if e != nil {
		panic(e)
	}
	return f
}

func (s *Scanner) nextRuneSlice() []rune {
	return []rune(s.nextStr())
}

func (s *Scanner) nextIntSlice(n int) []int {
	res := make([]int, n)
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		res[i] = s.nextInt()
	}
	return res
}

func (s *Scanner) nextFloatSlice(n int) []float64 {
	res := make([]float64, n)
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		res[i] = s.nextFloat()
	}
	return res
}

// Arithmetic
func max(nums ...int) int {
	m := nums[0]
	for _, i := range nums {
		if m < i {
			m = i
		}
	}
	return m
}

func min(nums ...int) int {
	m := nums[0]
	for _, i := range nums {
		if m > i {
			m = i
		}
	}
	return m
}

func abs(x int) int {
	if x > 0 {
		return x
	}
	return -x
}

func pow(x, y int) int {
	res := 1
	for i := 0; i < y; i++ {
		res *= x
	}
	return res
}

func ceil(a, b int) int {
	if a%b == 0 {
		return a / b
	} else {
		return a/b + 1
	}
}

// Sort
type RuneSlice []rune

func (a RuneSlice) Len() int           { return len(a) }
func (a RuneSlice) Less(i, j int) bool { return a[i] < a[j] }
func (a RuneSlice) Swap(i, j int)      { a[i], a[j] = a[j], a[i] }

// Main
type Queue struct {
	arr []int
}

func (q *Queue) push(v int) {
	q.arr = append(q.arr, v)
}

func (q *Queue) pop() int {
	res := q.arr[0]
	q.arr = q.arr[1:]
	return res
}

func (q *Queue) isEmpty() bool {
	return len(q.arr) == 0
}

func main() {
	sc := NewScanner()
	wtr := bufio.NewWriter(os.Stdout)
	N := sc.nextInt()
	G := make([][]int, N)
	for i := 0; i < N; i++ {
		u, k := sc.nextInt()-1, sc.nextInt()
		for j := 0; j < k; j++ {
			G[u] = append(G[u], sc.nextInt()-1)
		}
	}
	var q Queue
	seen := make([]int, N)
	for i := 0; i < N; i++ {
		seen[i] = -1
	}
	var search func(cur int)
	search = func(cur int) {
		for i := 0; i < len(G[cur]); i++ {
			next := G[cur][i]
			if seen[next] == -1 {
				q.push(next)
				seen[next] = seen[cur] + 1
			}
		}
	}
	q.push(0)
	seen[0] = 0
	for !q.isEmpty() {
		search(q.pop())
	}

	for i := 0; i < N; i++ {
		fmt.Fprintln(wtr, i+1, seen[i])
	}
	wtr.Flush()
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <queue>
using namespace std;

#define MAX 100
static const int WHITE = 0; // not visit
static const int GRAY = 1; // visited
static const int BLACK = 2; // searched

int n;
int M[MAX][MAX] = { 0 };
int distance[MAX] = { 0 }; // ?????????????§??????????????????¢


void breadthFirstSearch() {
	queue<int> vertices;
	int v_states[MAX] = { WHITE };

	vertices.push(0); // ?§????
	while (!vertices.empty()) {
		int u = vertices.front();
		v_states[u] = GRAY;
		vertices.pop();
		for (int v = 0; v < n; v++) {
			if (M[u][v] == 1 && v_states[v] == WHITE) {
				::distance[v] = ::distance[u] + 1;
				vertices.push(v);
				v_states[v] = GRAY;
			}
		}
	}
	return;
}

int main() {
	cin >> n;

	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
		int k, u;
		cin >> u >> k;
		u--;
		for (int j = 0; j < k; j++) {
			int v;
			cin >> v;
			v--;
			M[u][v] = 1;
		}
	}
	breadthFirstSearch();
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
		cout << i + 1 << ' ' << ::distance[i] << endl;
	}

	return 0;

}

C++: #pragma GCC optimize("Ofast")
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
using ll = long long;
using pii =  pair<int, int>;
using pll =  pair<long long, long long>;
constexpr char ln =  '\n';
constexpr long long MOD = 1000000007LL;
#define all(x) (x).begin(),(x).end()


int main() {
    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
    cin.tie(nullptr);

    int n, e;
    cin >> n;
    vector<vector<int>> vec(n+1, vector<int>());
    for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
      int u, k;
      cin >> u >> k;
      for(int j = 0; j < k; j++){
          cin >> e;
          vec[u].push_back(e);
      }
    }

    vector<int> cost(n+1, -1);
    queue<int> que;
    que.push(1);
    cost[1] = 0;
    int num;
    while(!que.empty()){
      num = que.front(); que.pop();
      for(int i=0; i<vec[num].size(); i++){
          int next = vec[num][i];
        if(cost[next] == -1){
          cost[next] = cost[num] + 1;
          que.push(next);
        }
      }
    }
    for(int i=1; i<=n; i++){
      cout << i << " " <<  cost[i] << ln;
    }
}

C++: #include<iostream>
#include<queue>

using namespace std;
static const int N = 100;
static const int INFTY = (1 << 21);

int n, M[N][N];
int d[N];

void bfs(int s) {
	queue<int> q;
	q.push(s);
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)d[i] = INFTY;
	d[s] = 0;
	int u;
	while (!q.empty()) {
		u = q.front();
		q.pop();
		for (int v = 0; v < n; v++) {
			if (M[u][v] == 0)continue;
			if (d[u] != INFTY)continue;
			d[v] = d[u] + 1;
			q.push(v);
		}
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
		cout << i + 1 << " " << ((d[i] == INFTY) ? (-1) : d[i]) << endl;
	}
}

int main() {
	int u, k, v;

	cin >> n;
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
		for (int j = 0; j < n; j++)M[i][j] = 0;
	}

	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
		cin >> u >> k;
		u--;
		for (int j = 0; j < k; j++) {
			cin >> v;
			v--;
			M[u][v] = 1;
		}
	}

	bfs(0);

	return 0;
}

C++: #include <limits.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cassert>
#include <cfloat>
#include <complex>
#include <functional>
#include <iostream>
#include <map>
#include <queue>
#include <set>
#include <stack>
#include <string>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

#define chmax(x, y) x = max(x, y)
#define chmin(x, y) x = min(x, y)
#define rep(i, n) for (ll i = 0; i < (n); ++i)
#define Sort(v) sort(v.begin(), v.end())
#define Reverse(v) reverse(v.begin(), v.end())
#define Lower_bound(v, x) \
  distance(v.begin(), lower_bound(v.begin(), v.end(), x))
#define Upper_bound(v, x) \
  distance(v.begin(), upper_bound(v.begin(), v.end(), x))

using ll = long long;
using ull = unsigned long long;
using P = pair<ll, ll>;
using T = tuple<ll, ll, ll>;
using vll = vector<ll>;
using vP = vector<P>;
using vT = vector<T>;
using vvll = vector<vector<ll>>;
using vvP = vector<vector<P>>;
using dqll = deque<ll>;

ll dx[9] = {-1, 1, 0, 0, -1, -1, 1, 1, 0};
ll dy[9] = {0, 0, -1, 1, -1, 1, -1, 1, 0};

const ll INF = 1LL << 50;

const ll mod = 1e9 + 7;

// Union-Find木
// 初期化 UF(N); Nは要素数
// 結合 unite(x,y); 同じ集合か判定 same(x,y);
// 集合の数 count
struct UnionFind {
  vector<ll> par, sizes;
  ll cnt;
  UnionFind(ll N) : par(N), sizes(N, 1), cnt(N) {
    for (ll i = 0; i < N; i++) par[i] = i;
  }

  ll find(ll x) { return par[x] == x ? x : par[x] = find(par[x]); }

  bool same(ll x, ll y) { return find(x) == find(y); }

  ll size(ll x) { return sizes[find(x)]; }

  void unite(ll x, ll y) {
    x = find(x);
    y = find(y);
    if (x == y) return;
    if (sizes[x] < sizes[y]) swap(x, y);
    par[y] = x;
    sizes[x] += sizes[y];
    cnt--;
  }

  ll count() const { return cnt; }
};

int main() {
  ll n;
  cin >> n;

  vvll eds(n);

  rep(i, n) {
    ll u, k;
    cin >> u >> k;
    u--;
    rep(j, k) {
      ll v;
      cin >> v;
      v--;
      eds[u].push_back(v);
    }
  }

  vll dist(n, -1);
  queue<ll> q;
  q.push(0);
  dist[0] = 0;
  while (!q.empty()) {
    ll u = q.front();
    q.pop();
    for (auto& v : eds[u]) {
      if (dist[v] == -1) {
        dist[v] = dist[u] + 1;
        q.push(v);
      }
    }  // v
  }

  rep(i, n) printf("%lld %lld\n", i + 1, dist[i]);

  return 0;
}