Go: package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"strconv"
)

type AdjacentList struct {
	matrix [][]int
}

func NewEmptyAdjacentList(dim int) *AdjacentList {
	matrix := make([][]int, dim)
	for i := 0; i < dim; i++ {
		matrix[i] = make([]int, dim)
	}
	return &AdjacentList{matrix: matrix}
}

func (al *AdjacentList) set(node int, adjacent int) {
	al.matrix[node-1][adjacent-1] = 1
}

func (al *AdjacentList) findAdjacentsFor(node int) []int {
	adjacents := []int{}
	for i, v := range al.matrix[node-1] {
		if v == 1 {
			adjacents = append(adjacents, i+1)
		}
	}
	return adjacents
}

type DistanceList struct {
	list []int
}

func NewDistanceList(dim int) *DistanceList {
	list := make([]int, dim)
	for i := 0; i < dim; i++ {
		list[i] = -1
	}
	return &DistanceList{list: list}
}

func (dl *DistanceList) set(node int, distance int) {
	dl.list[node-1] = distance
}

func (dl *DistanceList) get(node int) int {
	return dl.list[node-1]
}

func (dl *DistanceList) isVisited(node int) bool {
	return dl.list[node-1] >= 0
}

type Position struct {
	node     int
	distance int
}

func main() {
	sc := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	sc.Split(bufio.ScanWords)

	dim, err := nextInt(sc)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	al := NewEmptyAdjacentList(dim)

	for i := 1; i <= dim; i++ {
		node, err := nextInt(sc)
		if err != nil {
			panic(err)
		}

		adjacentNum, err := nextInt(sc)
		if err != nil {
			panic(err)
		}
		for j := 0; j < adjacentNum; j++ {
			adjacent, err := nextInt(sc)
			if err != nil {
				panic(err)
			}
			al.set(node, adjacent)
		}
	}

	dl := NewDistanceList(dim)

	bfs(al, dl)

	for i := 1; i <= dim; i++ {
		fmt.Printf("%d %d\n", i, dl.get(i))
	}
}

func bfs(al *AdjacentList, dl *DistanceList) {
	stack := []Position{Position{node: 1, distance: 0}}
	for len(stack) > 0 {
		currentPosition := stack[0]
		stack = stack[1:]
		if !dl.isVisited(currentPosition.node) {
			dl.set(currentPosition.node, currentPosition.distance)
		}
		for _, v := range al.findAdjacentsFor(currentPosition.node) {
			if !dl.isVisited(v) {
				stack = append(stack, Position{node: v, distance: currentPosition.distance + 1})
			}
		}
	}
}

func nextInt(sc *bufio.Scanner) (int, error) {
	sc.Scan()
	return strconv.Atoi(sc.Text())
}

C++: #include <map>
#include <set>
#include <list>
#include <cmath>
#include <deque>
#include <queue>
#include <stack>
#include <cstdio>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <complex>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstring>
#include <numeric>
#include <utility>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <functional>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <unordered_set>

using namespace std;

#define ll long long
#define ull unsigned long long
#define INF (1 << 30)
#define LLINF (1LL << 62)
#define MOD7 1000000007
#define MOD9 1000000009
#define eps 1e-9
#define P pair<int, int>
#define pii pair<int, int>
#define pll pair<ll, ll>
#define pul pair<ull, ull>
#define all(a) (a).begin(), (a).end()
#define FOR(i,a,b) for (int i=(a);i<(b);++i)
#define RFOR(i,a,b) for (int i=(b)-1;i>=(a);--i)
#define REP(i,n) for (int i=0;i<(n);++i)
#define RREP(i,n) for (int i=(n)-1;i>=0;--i)

void YES() { cout << "YES" << endl; }
void NO() { cout << "NO" << endl; }
void Yes() { cout << "Yes" << endl; }
void No() { cout << "No" << endl; }
void yes() { cout << "yes" << endl; }
void no() { cout << "no" << endl; }

template<class T>
class DirectedGraph {
public:
	class Edge {
	public:
		int to;
		T cost;

		Edge(int t, T c) : to(t), cost(c) {}

		bool operator<(const Edge& right) const {
			return cost == right.cost ? to < right.to : cost < right.cost;
		}
	};

	vector<vector<Edge>> G;
	int V;

	DirectedGraph(int n = 0) {
		resize(n);
	}

	void resize(int n) {
		V = n;
		G.resize(n);
	}

	void addEdge(int from, int to, T cost = 0) {
		int v = max(from, to);
		if (v >= V)
			resize(v + 1);
		G[from].push_back(Edge(to, cost));
	}

	void dfs(int s) {
		vector<bool> visit(V);
		calcDfs(visit, s);
	}

	void calcDfs(vector<bool>& visit, int s) {
		if (visit[s])
			return;

		visit[s] = true;
		for (int i = 0; i < G[s].size(); ++i) {
			calcDfs(G[s][i].to);
		}
	}

	vector<int> bfs(int s) {
		vector<int> dist(V);
		queue<int> que;

		fill(dist.begin(), dist.end(), -1);
		dist[s] = 0;
		que.push(s);
		while (!que.empty()) {
			int from = que.front();
			que.pop();
			for (int i = 0; i < G[from].size(); ++i) {
				int to = G[from][i].to;
				if (dist[to] != -1)
					continue;
				dist[to] = dist[from] + 1;
				que.push(to);
			}
		}

		return dist;
	}
};

int main() {
	DirectedGraph<int> g;
	int n, from, k, to;
	cin >> n;
	for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
		cin >> from >> k;
		while (k--) {
			cin >> to;
			g.addEdge(from, to);
		}
	}

	auto v = g.bfs(1);
	for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) {
		cout << i << " " << v[i] << endl;
	}

	return 0;
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <queue>
using namespace std;

const long N = 100;
const long INFTY = (1<<21);

long n, M[N + 1][N + 1];
long d[N + 1];

void bfs(long s){
	queue<long> q;
	q.push(s);
	for (long i = 1; i <= n; i++) d[i] = INFTY;
	d[s] = 0;
	long u;
	while (!q.empty()){
		u = q.front();
		q.pop();
		for (long v = 1; v <= n; v++){
			if (M[u][v] == 0) continue;
			if (d[v] != INFTY) continue;
			d[v] = d[u] + 1;
			q.push(v);
		}
	}
	for (long i = 1; i <= n; i++){
		cout << i << " " << ((d[i] == INFTY) ? (-1) : d[i]) << endl;
	}
}

int main(){
	long u, k, v;
	cin >> n;
	for (long i = 1; i <= n; i++){
		for (long j = 1; j <= n; j++){
			M[i][j] = 0;
		}
	}
	for (long i = 0; i < n; i++){
		cin >> u >> k;
		for (long j = 0; j < n; j++){
			cin >> v;
			M[u][v] = 1;
		}
	}

	bfs(1);

	return 0;
}