Go: package main

/*
グラフの表現 隣接行列による表現
*/

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"log"
	"os"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	scanner := makeScanner(8192)
	n := eGetInt(scanner)
	g := make([][]int, n+1)
	for i := 1; i < n+1; i++ {
		g[i] = make([]int, n+1)
		ints := eGetInts(scanner)
		num := ints[0]
		for j := 0; j < ints[1]; j++ {
			g[num][ints[j+2]] = 1
		}
	}
	dist := make([]int, n+1)
	for i := 0; i < len(dist); i++ {
		dist[i] = -1
	}
	q := []int{}

	// 訪問する
	q = append(q, 1)
	dist[1] = 0

	// キューが空でない限り
	for len(q) > 0 {
		// 先頭を取り出す
		top := 0
		top, q = q[0], q[1:]
		// 隣接マスを入れる.
		for i := 1; i < n+1; i++ {
			// 辺がある
			if g[top][i] == 1 {
				if dist[i] == -1 {
					// 訪問済みでなければ
					q = append(q, i)
					dist[i] = dist[top] + 1
				}
			}
		}
	}
	for i := 1; i < n+1; i++ {
		fmt.Println(i, dist[i])
	}
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// ライブラリ
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
func makeScanner(maxByte int) *bufio.Scanner {
	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	scanner.Buffer(make([]uint8, 0, 8192), maxByte)
	return scanner
}
func makeWordScanner() *bufio.Scanner {
	scanner := makeScanner(8192)
	scanner.Split(bufio.ScanWords)
	return scanner
}
func eGetLine(r *bufio.Scanner) string {
	if r.Scan() {
		return r.Text()
	}
	err := r.Err()
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	// EOF
	return ""
}
func eGetInt(r *bufio.Scanner) int {
	line := eGetLine(r)
	return eAtoi(line)
}
func eGetInt64(r *bufio.Scanner) int64 {
	line := eGetLine(r)
	return eAtoInt64(line)
}
func eGetFields(r *bufio.Scanner) []string {
	line := eGetLine(r)
	return strings.Fields(line)
}
func eGetInts(r *bufio.Scanner) []int {
	fields := eGetFields(r)
	ints := make([]int, len(fields))
	for i := 0; i < len(ints); i++ {
		ints[i] = eAtoi(fields[i])
	}
	return ints
}
func eGetInt64s(r *bufio.Scanner) []int64 {
	fields := eGetFields(r)
	ints := make([]int64, len(fields))
	for i := 0; i < len(ints); i++ {
		ints[i] = eAtoInt64(fields[i])
	}
	return ints
}
func eGetChars(r *bufio.Scanner) []string {
	line := eGetLine(r)
	return strings.Split(line, "")
}
func eAtoi(s string) int {
	n, err := strconv.Atoi(s)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	return n
}
func eAtoInt64(s string) int64 {
	n, err := strconv.ParseInt(s, 10, 64)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	return n
}

C++: #include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define rep(i, n) for(int i = 0; i < (n); ++i)
using namespace std;


int G[100][100];
int d[100]={0};
queue<int> que;
int distance_from0 = 1;

int main() {
    // 制約見て！！！デカかったらlong longにすること！
    int n, u, k, v;
    cin >> n;
    rep(i, n) {
        cin >> u >> k;
        u--;
        rep(j, k) {
            cin >> v;
            v--;
            G[u][v] = 1;
        }
    }
    que.push(0);
    d[0]=0;
    while(que.size()>0){
        int s = que.front();
        que.pop();
        rep(i,n){
            if(i>0 && d[i]==0 && G[s][i]==1){
                que.push(i);
                d[i] = d[s]+1;
            }
        }
    }

    rep(i,n){
        if(i>0 && d[i]==0){
            d[i] = -1;
        }
    }
    rep(i,n){
        printf("%d %d\n",i+1,d[i]);
    }
}

C++: #define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <climits>
#include <stack>
#include <queue>

using namespace std;

int main() {
	queue<int> Q;
	int n;
	int u, v;
	int AdjList[101][99];
	int Deg[101];
	bool Visited[101];
	int d[101];
	int i, j;
	cin >> n;
	for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
		d[i] = -1;
		Visited[i] = false;
		cin >> u;
		cin >> Deg[u];
		for (j = 0; j < Deg[u]; j++) {
			cin >> v;
			AdjList[u][j] = v;
		}
	}

	d[1] = 0;
	Q.push(1);
	Visited[1] = true;
	while (Q.empty() != true) {
		v = Q.front();
		Q.pop();
		for (i = 0; i < Deg[v]; i++) {
			u = AdjList[v][i];
			
			if (Visited[u] != true) {
				Visited[u] = true;
				d[u] = d[v] + 1;
				Q.push(u);
			}
		}
	}
	for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
		printf("%d %d\n", i, d[i]);
	}

	return 0;
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <stack>
#include <queue>

using namespace std;

static const int N = 100;
static const int NEW = 0;
static const int VISITING = 1;
static const int OLD = 2;

int n, m[N][N] = {0}, t;
int color[N] = { 0 }, t1[N] = { 0 }, t2[N] = {0};

void getMatrix()
{
	int u, v, k;
	cin >> n;
	for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
	{
		cin >> u >> k;
		for (int j = 0; j < k; ++j)
		{
			cin >> v;
			m[u-1][v-1] = 1;
		}
	}
}

int nxt(int idx)
{
	for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
	{
		if (1 == m[idx][i] && color[i] == NEW)
			return i;
	}
	return -1;
}

void dfs_visit(int idx)
{
	stack<int> s;
	s.push(idx);
	color[idx] = VISITING;
	t1[idx] = t++;


	while (!s.empty())
	{
		int u = s.top();
		int v = nxt(u);
		if (-1 != v)
		{
			color[v] = VISITING;
			t1[v] = t++;
			s.push(v);
		}
		else
		{
			s.pop();
			color[u] = OLD;
			t2[u] = t++;
		}
	}
}

void dfs()
{
	t = 1;

	for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
		color[i] = NEW;

	for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
	{
		if (color[i] == NEW)
			dfs_visit(i);
	}

	for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
	{
		cout << i + 1 << " " << t1[i] << " " << t2[i] << endl;
	}
}

int dist[N];

void bfs(int idx)
{
	queue<int> q;
	q.push(idx);

	for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
		dist[i] = INT_MAX;
	dist[idx] = 0;

	int u;
	while (!q.empty())
	{
		u = q.front(); q.pop();
		for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
		{
			if (m[u][i] == 0) continue;
			if (dist[i] != INT_MAX) continue;
			dist[i] = dist[u] + 1;
			q.push(i);
		}
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
	{
		cout << i + 1 << " " <<( (dist[i] == INT_MAX) ? (-1) : dist[i]) << endl;
	}
}


int main()
{
	getMatrix();
	bfs(0);
}