Go: package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"strconv"
)

const (
	MAX_N      = 200
	MAX_WEIGHT = 2000
)

type Edge struct {
	start  int
	end    int
	weight int
}

type ShortestInfo struct {
	edges    []Edge
	shortest int
}

func main() {
	sc := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	sc.Split(bufio.ScanWords)

	n, err := nextInt(sc)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	shortestList := make([]ShortestInfo, n)
	for i := 1; i < n; i++ {
		shortestList[i] = ShortestInfo{edges: []Edge{}, shortest: MAX_N*MAX_WEIGHT + 1}
	}

	adjacentMatrix := make([][]int, n)
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		adjacentMatrix[i] = make([]int, n)
		for j := 0; j < n; j++ {
			v, err := nextInt(sc)
			if err != nil {
				panic(err)
			}
			adjacentMatrix[i][j] = v
		}
	}

	mst([]int{1}, shortestList, adjacentMatrix)
	fmt.Println(shortestList)
	fmt.Println(calculateMinWeight(shortestList))
}

func calculateMinWeight(shortestList []ShortestInfo) int {
	visitedList := make([]bool, len(shortestList))
	visitedList[0] = true
	sumWeight := 0
	for !visitedAll(visitedList) {
		shortestInfo := shortestList[0]
		shortestList = shortestList[1:]
		edges := shortestInfo.edges
		for _, edge := range edges {
			if !visitedList[edge.end-1] {
				visitedList[edge.end-1] = true
				sumWeight += edge.weight
			}
		}
	}
	return sumWeight
}

func visitedAll(visitedList []bool) bool {
	for _, v := range visitedList {
		if !v {
			return false
		}
	}
	return true
}

func mst(nodeStack []int, shortestList []ShortestInfo, adjacentMatrix [][]int) {
	for len(nodeStack) > 0 {
		currentNode := nodeStack[0]
		nodeStack = nodeStack[1:]
		currentShortest := getShortest(currentNode, shortestList)
		adjacents := findAdjacents(currentNode, adjacentMatrix)
		for i := 0; i < len(adjacents); i++ {
			adj := adjacents[i]
			s := getShortest(adj.end, shortestList)
			if currentShortest.shortest+adj.weight < s.shortest || (currentShortest.shortest+adj.weight == s.shortest && len(currentShortest.edges)+1 > len(s.edges)) {
				setShortest(adj.end, adj, currentShortest, shortestList)
				nodeStack = append(nodeStack, adj.end)
			}
		}
	}
}

func getShortest(node int, shortestList []ShortestInfo) ShortestInfo {
	return shortestList[node-1]
}

func setShortest(node int, edge Edge, currentShortest ShortestInfo, shortestList []ShortestInfo) {
	newEdges := make([]Edge, len(currentShortest.edges)+1)
	for i := 0; i < len(newEdges)-1; i++ {
		newEdges[i] = currentShortest.edges[i]
	}
	newEdges[len(newEdges)-1] = edge
	shortestInfo := ShortestInfo{edges: newEdges, shortest: currentShortest.shortest + edge.weight}
	shortestList[node-1] = shortestInfo
}

func findAdjacents(currentNode int, adjacentMatrix [][]int) []Edge {
	adjacents := adjacentMatrix[currentNode-1]
	edges := []Edge{}
	for i, v := range adjacents {
		if v > 0 {
			edges = append(edges, Edge{start: currentNode, end: i + 1, weight: v})
		}
	}
	return edges
}

func nextInt(sc *bufio.Scanner) (int, error) {
	sc.Scan()
	return strconv.Atoi(sc.Text())
}

C++: 
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
const int MAX = 100;
const int INFTY = 2000000;
const int WHITE = 0;
const int GRAY = 1;
const int BLACK = 2;

int n,M[MAX][MAX];

int prim (){
    int u,minv;
    int d[MAX],p[MAX],color[MAX];

    for (int i = 0; i < n ; ++i) {
        d[i] = INFTY;
        p[i] = -1;
        color[i] = WHITE;
    }

    d[0] = 0;

    while(1){
        minv = INFTY;
        u = -1;
        for (int i = 0; i < n ; ++i) {
            if(minv > d[i] && color[i] != BLACK){
                u = i;
                minv = d[i];
            }
        }
        if( u == -1) break;
        color[u] = BLACK;
        for (int v = 0; v < n ; ++v) {
            if(color[v] != BLACK && M[u][v] != INFTY){
                if(d[v] > M[u][v]){
                    d[v] = M[u][v];
                    p[v] = u;
                    color[v] = GRAY;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    int sum = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < n ; ++i) {
        if( P[i] != -1) sum += M[i][p[i]];
    }

    return sum;
}

int main(){
    cin >> n;

    for (int i = 0; i < n ; ++i) {
        for (int j = 0; j < n ; ++j) {
            int e; cin >> e;
            M[i][j] = (e == -1) ? INFTY : e;
        }
    }
    
    cout << prim () << endl;
    return 0;
}

C++: #include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

#define MAX 101
#define BLACK 0
#define GRAY 1
#define WHITE 2
#define INF (1<<30)

int graph[MAX][MAX];
int n;

// プロトタイプ宣言
int prim();
// ここまで

int main(){
	cin>>n;

	for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
		for(int j=0;j<n;j++){
			cin>>graph[i][j];
		}
	}
	cout<<prim()<<endl;


	return 0;
}




//---------------------- 
int prim(){
	int from;
	int color[MAX];
	int d[MAX];
	int p[MAX];

	for(int i=0;i<MAX;i++){
		color[i]=WHITE;
		d[i]=INF;		
		p[i]=-1;
	}
	d[0]=0;

	while(1){
		int minCost=INF;
		from=-1;

		for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
			if(color[i]!=BLACK && d[i]<minCost){
				minCost=d[i];
				from=i;
			}
		}
		if(from == -1) break;

		color[from]=BLACK;
		for(int to=0;to<n;to++){
			if(color[to]!=BLACK && graph[from][to]!=-1){
				if(graph[from][to]<d[to]){
					d[to]=graph[from][to];
					p[to]=from;
					color[to]=GRAY;
				}
			}
		}
	}

	int sum=0;
	for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
		// if(p[i]!=-1){
		// 	sum += graph[i][ p[i] ];
		// }
		if(d[i]!=INF){
			sum+=d[i];
		}
	}

	return sum;
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <stack>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cmath>
#include <climits>
#include <cstring>
#include <queue>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

const double PI = 3.14159265358979;

int G[101][101];
int visited[101];
int n;

int houxuan[101];
int father[101];

int prim() {

	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)	{
		houxuan[i] = INT_MAX;
		father[i] = -1;
	}
	houxuan[0] = 0;

	int sum = 0;
	while (true) {

		int minx = INT_MAX;
		int u = -1;
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {

			if (!visited[i] && houxuan[i] < minx) {
				minx = houxuan[i];
				u = i;
			}
		}
		if (u == -1) break;

		visited[u] = 1;
		sum += minx;

		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
			if (!visited[i] && G[u][i] != -1) {
				if (houxuan[i] > G[u][i]) {
					houxuan[i] = G[u][i];
					father[i] = u;
				}
			}
		}
	}	

	return sum;
}

int main() {
	
	
	cin >> n;

	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)	{
		for (int j = 0; j < n; j++)	{
			cin >> G[i][j];
		}
	}
	
	cout << prim() << endl;

	return 0;
}

C++: #include <iostream>
using namespace std;

const int MAX = 100;
const int INF = 1 << 29;

int n;
int grid[MAX][MAX];

int prim()
{
	int ans[MAX];
	int visited[MAX];

	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
		ans[i] = INF;
		visited[i] = false;
	}

	ans[0] = 0;

	while (true) {
		int min = INF;
		int min_index;

		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
			if (min > ans[i] && visited[i] == false) {
				min = ans[i];
				min_index = i;
			}
		}

		if (min == INF) {
			break;
		}

		visited[min_index] = true;

		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
			if (ans[i] > grid[min_index][i] && visited[i] == false) {
				ans[i] = grid[min_index][i];
			}
		}
	}

	int sum = 0;

	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
		sum += ans[i];
	}

	return sum;
}

int main()
{
	cin >> n;

	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
		for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
			int temp;
			cin >> temp;

			if (temp == -1) {
				grid[i][j] = INF;
			}
			else {
				grid[i][j] = temp;
			}
		}
	}

	cout << prim() << endl;

	return 0;
}