Go: package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
)

var distance []int

type queue struct {
	q    []int
	head int
	tail int
}

func (q *queue) push(n int) {
	q.q[q.tail] = n
	q.tail++
}

func (q *queue) pop() int {
	q.head++
	return q.q[q.head-1]
}

func (q *queue) isEmpty() bool {
	return q.head == q.tail
}

func makeAdjList() [][]int {
	var n int
	fmt.Scanf("%d", &n)

	adj := make([][]int, n)
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		adj[i] = make([]int, n)
	}

	sc := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		sc.Scan()
		nodeInfo := strings.Split(sc.Text(), " ")
		outDegree, _ := strconv.Atoi(nodeInfo[1])

		if outDegree > 0 {
			for k := 0; k < outDegree; k++ {
				j, _ := strconv.Atoi(nodeInfo[k+2])
				j-- // convert 1 based to 0 based
				adj[i][j] = 1
			}
		}
	}

	return adj
}

func bfs(graph [][]int, s int) {
	distance = make([]int, len(graph))

	infty := -1
	for i := 0; i < len(distance); i++ {
		distance[i] = infty
	}
	distance[s] = 0

	q := &queue{make([]int, 1000), 0, 0}
	q.push(s)

	for !q.isEmpty() {
		u := q.pop()
		for i := 0; i < len(graph); i++ {
			if graph[u][i] == 0 {
				continue // u, i間に辺がない場合
			}
			if distance[i] != infty {
				continue // 訪問済みの場合
			}
			// 訪問するnodeの始点からの距離を設定し、訪問キューに入れる
			distance[i] = distance[u] + 1
			q.push(i)
		}
	}

	// print distance
	for i, d := range distance {
		fmt.Printf("%d %d\n", i+1, d)
	}
}

func main() {
	adj := makeAdjList()
	bfs(adj, 0)
}

C++: // include
//------------------------------------------
#include <bits/stdc++.h>

using namespace std;

// conversion
//------------------------------------------
inline int toInt(string s) {
    int v;
    istringstream sin(s);
    sin >> v;
    return v;
}
template <class T>
inline string toString(T x) {
    ostringstream sout;
    sout << x;
    return sout.str();
}

// math
//-------------------------------------------
template <class T>
inline T sqr(T x) {
    return x * x;
}

// typedef
//------------------------------------------
typedef vector<int> VI;
typedef vector<VI> VVI;
typedef vector<string> VS;
typedef pair<int, int> PII;
typedef long long LL;

// container util
//------------------------------------------
#define ALL(a) (a).begin(), (a).end()
#define RALL(a) (a).rbegin(), (a).rend()
#define PB push_back
#define MP make_pair
#define SZ(a) int((a).size())
#define EACH(i, c) \
    for (typeof((c).begin()) i = (c).begin(); i != (c).end(); ++i)
#define EXIST(s, e) ((s).find(e) != (s).end())
#define SORT(c) sort((c).begin(), (c).end())

// repetition
//------------------------------------------
#define FOR(i, a, b) for (int i = (a); i < (b); ++i)
#define REP(i, n) FOR(i, 0, n)
#define REPI(itr, ds) for (auto itr = ds.begin(); itr != ds.end(); itr++)

// constant
//--------------------------------------------
const double EPS = 1e-10;
const double PI = acos(-1.0);
const int INF_INT = 2147483647;
const LL INF_LL = 9223372036854775807;

// clear memory
//--------------------------------------------
#define CLR(a) memset((a), 0, sizeof(a))

// vector
//--------------------------------------------
template <typename T>
istream &operator>>(istream &is, vector<T> &vec) {
    for (T &x : vec) is >> x;
    return is;
}

// pair
//--------------------------------------------
template <typename T, typename U>
ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, pair<T, U> &pair_var) {
    os << "(" << pair_var.first << ", " << pair_var.second << ")";
    return os;
}

// vector
//--------------------------------------------
template <typename T>
ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const vector<T> &vec) {
    os << "{";
    for (int i = 0; i < vec.size(); i++) {
        os << vec[i] << (i + 1 == vec.size() ? "" : ", ");
    }
    os << "}";
    return os;
}

// list
//--------------------------------------------
template <typename T>
ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const list<T> &lst) {
    os << "{";
    REPI(itr, lst) {
        os << *itr;
        itr++;
        if (itr != lst.end()) os << ", ";
        itr--;
    }
    os << "}";
    return os;
}

// map
//--------------------------------------------
template <typename T, typename U>
ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, map<T, U> &map_var) {
    os << "{";
    REPI(itr, map_var) {
        os << *itr;
        itr++;
        if (itr != map_var.end()) os << ", ";
        itr--;
    }
    os << "}";
    return os;
}

// set
//--------------------------------------------
template <typename T>
ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, set<T> &set_var) {
    os << "{";
    REPI(itr, set_var) {
        os << *itr;
        itr++;
        if (itr != set_var.end()) os << ", ";
        itr--;
    }
    os << "}";
    return os;
}

// dump
//--------------------------------------------
#define DUMPOUT cerr

void dump_func() { DUMPOUT << endl; }
template <class Head, class... Tail>
void dump_func(Head &&head, Tail &&... tail) {
    DUMPOUT << head;
    if (sizeof...(Tail) > 0) {
        DUMPOUT << ", ";
    }
    dump_func(std::move(tail)...);
}
#ifdef DEBUG_
#define DEB
#define dump(...)                                                       \
    DUMPOUT << "  " << string(#__VA_ARGS__) << ": "                     \
            << "[" << to_string(__LINE__) << ":" << __FUNCTION__ << "]" \
            << endl                                                     \
            << "    ",                                                  \
        dump_func(__VA_ARGS__)
#else
#define DEB if (false)
#define dump(...)
#endif

static const int N = 100;
static const int INFTY = (1 << 21);

int n, m[N][N];
int d[N];

void bfs(int s) {
    queue<int> q;
    q.push(s);
    REP(i, n) d[i] = INFTY;
    d[s] = 0;
    while (!q.empty()) {
        int u = q.front();
        q.pop();
        REP(v, n) {
            if (m[u][v] == 0) continue;
            if (d[v] != INFTY) continue;
            d[v] = d[u] + 1;
            q.push(v);
        }
    }
    REP(i, n) cout << i + 1 << " " << ((d[i] == INFTY) ? (-1) : d[i]) << endl;
}

int main(void) {
    cin >> n;
    REP(i, n) REP(j, n) m[i][j] = 0;
    REP(i, n) {
        int u, k;
        cin >> u >> k;
        u--;
        REP(j, k) {
            int v;
            cin >> v;
            v--;
            m[u][v] = 1;
        }
    }
    bfs(0);
    return 0;
}

C++: #include<iostream>
#include<queue>

using namespace std;
static const int N = 100;
static const int INFTY = (1<<21);

int n, M[N][N];
int d[N];

void bfs(int s)
{
  queue<int> q;
  q.push(s);
  for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)d[i] = INFTY;
  d[s] = 0;
  int u;
  while(!q.empty())
   {
     u =q.front(); q.pop();
     for(int v = 0; v < n; v++)
      {
        if(M[u][v] == 0)continue;
        if(d[v] != INFTY)continue;
        d[v] = d[u] + 1;
        q.push(v);
      }
   }  
  for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
       cout << i+1 << " " <<((d[i] == INFTY)?(-1):d[i])<<endl;
    } 
}

int main()
{
  int u, k, v;


  cin >> n;
  for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
  {
      for(int j = 0; j < n; j++)M[i][j] = 0;
  }
  
  for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
  {
    cin >> u >> k;
    u--;
    for(int j = 0; j < k; j++)
    {
      cin >> v;
      v--;
      M[u][v] = 1;
    }
  }

  bfs(0);

  return 0;
}