Go: package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"strconv"
)

type AdjacentList struct {
	matrix [][]int
}

func NewEmptyAdjacentList(dim int) *AdjacentList {
	matrix := make([][]int, dim)
	for i := 0; i < dim; i++ {
		matrix[i] = make([]int, dim)
	}
	return &AdjacentList{matrix: matrix}
}

func (al *AdjacentList) set(node int, adjacent int) {
	al.matrix[node-1][adjacent-1] = 1
}

func (al *AdjacentList) findAdjacentsFor(node int) []int {
	adjacents := []int{}
	for i, v := range al.matrix[node-1] {
		if v == 1 {
			adjacents = append(adjacents, i+1)
		}
	}
	return adjacents
}

type DistanceList struct {
	list []int
}

func NewDistanceList(dim int) *DistanceList {
	list := make([]int, dim)
	for i := 0; i < dim; i++ {
		list[i] = -1
	}
	return &DistanceList{list: list}
}

func (dl *DistanceList) set(node int, distance int) {
	dl.list[node-1] = distance
}

func (dl *DistanceList) get(node int) int {
	return dl.list[node-1]
}

func (dl *DistanceList) isVisited(node int) bool {
	return dl.list[node-1] >= 0
}

type Position struct {
	node     int
	distance int
}

func main() {
	sc := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	sc.Split(bufio.ScanWords)

	dim, err := nextInt(sc)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	al := NewEmptyAdjacentList(dim)

	for i := 1; i <= dim; i++ {
		node, err := nextInt(sc)
		if err != nil {
			panic(err)
		}

		adjacentNum, err := nextInt(sc)
		if err != nil {
			panic(err)
		}
		for j := 0; j < adjacentNum; j++ {
			adjacent, err := nextInt(sc)
			if err != nil {
				panic(err)
			}
			al.set(node, adjacent)
		}
	}

	dl := NewDistanceList(dim)

	bfs(al, dl)

	for i := 1; i <= dim; i++ {
		fmt.Printf("%d %d\n", i, dl.get(i))
	}
}

func bfs(al *AdjacentList, dl *DistanceList) {
	stack := []Position{Position{node: 1, distance: 0}}
	for len(stack) > 0 {
		currentPosition := stack[0]
		stack = stack[1:]
		if !dl.isVisited(currentPosition.node) {
			dl.set(currentPosition.node, currentPosition.distance)
		}
		for _, v := range al.findAdjacentsFor(currentPosition.node) {
			stack = append(stack, Position{node: v, distance: currentPosition.distance + 1})
		}
	}
}

func nextInt(sc *bufio.Scanner) (int, error) {
	sc.Scan()
	return strconv.Atoi(sc.Text())
}

Python: #!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""
input:
4
1 2 2 4
2 1 4
3 0
4 1 3

output:
1 0
2 1
3 2
4 1
"""

import sys
from collections import deque

UNVISITED, VISITED_IN_QUEUE, POPPED_OUT = 0, 1, 2


def generate_adj_matrix(v_info):
    for v_detail in v_info:
        v_index, adj_num, *adj_list = map(int, v_detail)
        # assert len(adj_list) == adj_num
        init_adj_table[v_index].extend(adj_list)
    return init_adj_table


def graph_bfs(v_init):
    status[v_init] = VISITED_IN_QUEUE
    distance[v_init] = 0
    queue.appendleft(v_init)

    while queue:
        current = queue.popleft()
        for v in adj_table[current]:
            if status[v] is UNVISITED:
                status[v] = VISITED_IN_QUEUE
                distance[v] = distance[current] + 1
                queue.append(v)
        status[current] = POPPED_OUT
    return distance


if __name__ == '__main__':
    _input = sys.stdin.readlines()
    vertices_num = int(_input[0])
    vertices_info = list(map(lambda x: x.split(), _input[1:]))
    init_adj_table = [[] for _ in range(vertices_num + 1)]
    # assert len(vertex_info) == vertex_num

    # config length = (vertex_num + 1)
    queue = deque()
    status = [UNVISITED] * (vertices_num + 1)
    distance = [-1] * (vertices_num + 1)

    adj_table = generate_adj_matrix(vertices_info)
    ans = graph_bfs(1)
    for j in range(vertices_num):
        print(j + 1, ans[j + 1])

Python: n = int(input())

adj = [None]
for i in range(n):
    adj_i = list(map(int, input().split()[2:]))
    adj.append(adj_i)

distance = [None] + [-1] * n

def bfs(u, d):
    pd = distance[u]
    if pd == -1 or d < pd:
        distance[u] = d
    for v in adj[u]:
        bfs(v, d + 1)


bfs(1, 0)

for i, d in enumerate(distance[1:], start=1):
    print(i, d)

Python: import queue
def s():
 N=int(input())
 M=[input().split()[2:]for _ in[0]*N]
 q=queue.Queue();q.put(0)
 d=[-1]*N;d[0]=0
 while not q.empty():
  u=q.get()
  for v in M[u]:
   v=int(v)-1
   if d[v]<0:d[v]=d[u]+1;q.put(v)
 for i in range(N):print(i+1,d[i])
if'__main__'==__name__:s()

Python: #!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""
input:
4
1 2 2 4
2 1 4
3 0
4 1 3

output:
1 0
2 1
3 2
4 1
"""

import sys
from collections import deque

UNVISITED, VISITED_IN_QUEUE, POPPED_OUT = 0, 1, 2


def graph_bfs(v_init):
    queue = deque()
    status[v_init] = VISITED_IN_QUEUE
    distance[v_init] = 0
    queue.appendleft(v_init)

    while queue:
        current = queue.popleft()
        for adj in adj_table[current]:
            if status[adj] is UNVISITED:
                status[adj] = VISITED_IN_QUEUE
                distance[adj] = distance[current] + 1
                queue.append(adj)
        status[current] = POPPED_OUT
    return None


if __name__ == '__main__':
    _input = sys.stdin.readlines()
    v_num = int(_input[0])
    vertices = list(map(lambda x: x.split(), _input[1:]))
    # assert len(vertex_info) == vertex_num

    status = [UNVISITED] * (v_num + 1)
    distance = [-1] * (v_num + 1)

    adj_table = tuple([] for _ in range(v_num + 1))
    for v_info in vertices:
        v_index, adj_num, *adj_list = map(int, v_info)
        # assert len(adj_list) == adj_num
        adj_table[v_index].extend(adj_list)

    graph_bfs(v_init=1)
    for index, v in enumerate(distance[1:], 1):
        print(index, v)

Python: #!/usr/bin/env python3
import sys
sys.setrecursionlimit(15000)
n = int(sys.stdin.readline())

ret = []
inp = sys.stdin.readlines()
G = [None]*(n+1)
depths = [-1]*(n+1)

for i in range(1,n+1):
  v = list(map(int,inp[i-1].split()))
  G[v[0]] = list(map(int,v[2:]))
#print(G)

nodes = [1]
depth = 0
while nodes:
  new = []
  for i in nodes:
    if depths[i] == -1:
      depths[i] = depth
      new += G[i]
    #print(i,nodes,depth,depths)
  depth += 1
  nodes = new

for i in range(1,n+1):
  print(i,depths[i])

Python: # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import sys
from collections import deque

sys.setrecursionlimit(10 ** 9)
def input(): return sys.stdin.readline().strip()
def INT(): return int(input())
def MAP(): return map(int, input().split())
def LIST(): return list(map(int, input().split()))
INF=float('inf')

N=INT()
nodes=[[] for i in range(N)]
for i in range(N):
    l=LIST()
    u=l[0]
    l=l[2:]
    for v in l:
        nodes[u-1].append(v-1)
    nodes[u-1].sort()

que=deque()
que.append((0, 0))
costs=[-1]*N
while len(que):
    cost,node=que.popleft()
    if costs[node]==-1:
        costs[node]=cost
        for v in nodes[node]:
            que.append((cost+1, v))

for i in range(N):
    print(i+1, costs[i])

Python: N = int(input())
E = [[] for _ in range(N+1)]
for _ in range(N):
	tmp = list(map(int, input().split()))
	if tmp[1] == 0:
		continue
	E[tmp[0]] = tmp[2:]

cnt = [0 for _ in range(N+1)]
q = [1]

while q:
	cp = q.pop(0)
	for np in E[cp]:
		if cnt[np] != 0:
			continue
		
		cnt[np] = cnt[cp] + 1
		q.append(np)

for ind, cost in enumerate(cnt):
	if ind == 0:
		continue
	if ind == 1:
		print(ind, 0)
	else:
		if cost == 0:
			print(ind, -1)
		else:
			print(ind, cost)

Python: #coding: utf-8
inf = 100000000
n = int(input())

List = [0] + [list(map(int,input().split())) for i in range(n)]
color = [0] + ["white" for  i in range(n)]
d = [inf for i in range(n+1)]

s = 1
Q = [s]
d[s] = 0
while Q != []:
    q = Q.pop()
    if color[q] == "white":
        k = List[q][1]
        if k != 0:
            Q += List[q][2:2+k]
            for i in List[q][2:2+k]:
                d[i] = min(d[q] + 1, d[i])
    
    color[q] = "black"


for i, dis in enumerate(d[1:], 1):
    print(i, dis)