Go: package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"strconv"
)

type AdjacentList struct {
	matrix [][]int
}

func NewEmptyAdjacentList(dim int) *AdjacentList {
	matrix := make([][]int, dim)
	for i := 0; i < dim; i++ {
		matrix[i] = make([]int, dim)
	}
	return &AdjacentList{matrix: matrix}
}

func (al *AdjacentList) set(node int, adjacent int) {
	al.matrix[node-1][adjacent-1] = 1
}

func (al *AdjacentList) findAdjacentsFor(node int) []int {
	adjacents := []int{}
	for i, v := range al.matrix[node-1] {
		if v == 1 {
			adjacents = append(adjacents, i+1)
		}
	}
	return adjacents
}

type DistanceList struct {
	list []int
}

func NewDistanceList(dim int) *DistanceList {
	list := make([]int, dim)
	for i := 0; i < dim; i++ {
		list[i] = -1
	}
	return &DistanceList{list: list}
}

func (dl *DistanceList) set(node int, distance int) {
	dl.list[node-1] = distance
}

func (dl *DistanceList) get(node int) int {
	return dl.list[node-1]
}

func (dl *DistanceList) isVisited(node int) bool {
	return dl.list[node-1] >= 0
}

type Position struct {
	node     int
	distance int
}

func main() {
	sc := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	sc.Split(bufio.ScanWords)

	dim, err := nextInt(sc)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	al := NewEmptyAdjacentList(dim)

	for i := 1; i <= dim; i++ {
		node, err := nextInt(sc)
		if err != nil {
			panic(err)
		}

		adjacentNum, err := nextInt(sc)
		if err != nil {
			panic(err)
		}
		for j := 0; j < adjacentNum; j++ {
			adjacent, err := nextInt(sc)
			if err != nil {
				panic(err)
			}
			al.set(node, adjacent)
		}
	}

	dl := NewDistanceList(dim)

	bfs(al, dl)

	for i := 1; i <= dim; i++ {
		fmt.Printf("%d %d\n", i, dl.get(i))
	}
}

func bfs(al *AdjacentList, dl *DistanceList) {
	stack := []Position{Position{node: 1, distance: 0}}
	for len(stack) > 0 {
		currentPosition := stack[0]
		stack = stack[1:]
		if !dl.isVisited(currentPosition.node) {
			dl.set(currentPosition.node, currentPosition.distance)
		}
		for _, v := range al.findAdjacentsFor(currentPosition.node) {
			stack = append(stack, Position{node: v, distance: currentPosition.distance + 1})
		}
	}
}

func nextInt(sc *bufio.Scanner) (int, error) {
	sc.Scan()
	return strconv.Atoi(sc.Text())
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <stack>
#include <queue>
#include <utility>

using vvi = std::vector<std::vector<int>>;

std::vector<int> DistanseFrom(const vvi& edges, int from)
{
    using namespace std;
    constexpr int nil = -1;

    int nextDist {};
    const int n = edges.size();
    queue<int> currentQ;
    queue<int> nextQ;
    vector<int> distances(n, nil);

    nextQ.push(from);
    distances[from] = nextDist;
    ++nextDist;

    while (!nextQ.empty())
    {
        currentQ = nextQ;
        nextQ = {};
        
        while (!currentQ.empty())
        {
            int c = currentQ.back();
            currentQ.pop();

            for (const auto& e : edges[c])
            {
                if (distances[e] == nil)
                {
                    nextQ.push(e);
                    distances[e] = nextDist;
                }
            }
        }
        
        ++nextDist;
    }

    return distances;
}

void solve()
{
    using namespace std;

    int n;
    cin >> n;

    //隣接リスト形式(1オリジン)
    vvi edges(n + 1);

    //読み込み
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
    {
        int u, k;
        cin >> u >> k;

        edges[u] = vector<int>(k);

        for (int j = 0; j < k; ++j)
        {
            cin >> edges[u][j];
        }
    }

    auto dist = DistanseFrom(edges, 1);

    for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
    {
        cout << i << " " << dist[i] << endl;
    }
}

int main()
{
    solve();
    return 0;
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <queue>
using namespace std;
#define INF 1e9
#define EXIST 1
int graph[200][200];
int dist[200];
int n;

void bfs() {
  queue<int> next;
  next.push(0);
  dist[0] = 0;
  
  while (!next.empty()) {
    int current = next.front();
    next.pop();
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
      if (graph[current][i] == EXIST && dist[i] > dist[current]+1) {
        next.push(i);
        dist[i] = dist[current]+1;
      }
    }
  }  
}

int main() {
  cin >> n;
  for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
    dist[i] = INF;
    int u, k, v; cin >> u >> k;
    for (int j = 0; j < k; j++) {
      cin >> v;
      graph[u-1][v-1] = EXIST;
    }
  }
  
  bfs();
  
  for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
    cout << i+1 << " ";
    cout << (dist[i] == INF ? -1 : dist[i]) << endl;
  }
}

C++: #include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

#define MAX 100
#define NIL -2

int n, G_list[MAX+1];
int G[MAX+1][MAX+1];
int d[MAX+1][2];

void init(void){
  for(int i=0; i<=MAX; i++){
    d[i][0]=-1;
  }
}

void make_graph(void){
  scanf("%d", &n);

  for(int i=0; i<n; i++){
    int cnt, num, m;

    scanf("%d %d", &num, &cnt);
    G_list[i]=num;

    for(int j=0; j<cnt; j++){
      scanf("%d", &m);
      G[num][m]=1;
    }
  }
}

void check_depth(void){
  queue<int> Q;
  Q.push(G_list[0]);
  d[G_list[0]][0]=0;
  d[G_list[0]][1]=NIL;
  
  while(!Q.empty()){
    int top=Q.front();
    Q.pop();
    
    for(int j=0; j<n; j++){
      if(G[top][G_list[j]] == 1 && d[G_list[j]][1] != NIL){
	d[G_list[j]][0]=d[top][0]+1;
	d[G_list[j]][1]=NIL;
	Q.push(G_list[j]);
      }
    }
  }
}

void print(void){

  for(int i=0; i<n; i++){
    printf("%d %d\n", G_list[i], d[G_list[i]][0]);
  }
}

int main(void){

  init();
  make_graph();
  check_depth();
  print();
  
  return 0;
}

C++: #include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
typedef  long long ll;
using vll=vector<ll>;
using vi=vector<int>;
using vb=vector<bool>;
using pii=pair<int,int>;

template<class T> inline bool chmin(T& a, T b) {if (a > b) {a = b;return true;}return false;}
template<class T> inline bool chmax(T& a, T b) {if (a < b) {a = b;return true;}return false;}

//pow(llpow,modpow)
template<class T> ll llpow(ll x,T n){ll ans=1;if(x==0)ans=0;while(n){if(n&1)ans*=x;x*=x;n>>=1;}return ans;}
long long modpow(long long a, long long n, long long mod) {long long res = 1;while (n > 0) {if (n & 1) res = res * a % mod;a = a * a % mod;n >>= 1;}return res;}
//最大公約数
template<class T> inline T gcd(T x,T y){if(y==0)return x; else {return gcd(y,x%y);}}
//最小公倍数
template<class T> inline T lcm(T x,T y){return x/gcd(x,y)*y;}
//逆元
long long modinv(long long a, long long m) {long long b = m, u = 1, v = 0;while (b) {long long t = a / b;a -= t * b; swap(a, b);u -= t * v; swap(u, v);}u %= m;if (u < 0) u += m;return u;}

#define rep(i, begin_i, end_i) for (ll i = (ll)begin_i; i < (ll)end_i; i++)

long long INF = 1LL<<60;
int main( ){
    int n;
    cin>>n;
    vi conne[n];
    rep(i,0,n){
        int id;cin>>id;
        id--;
        int r; cin>>r;
        rep(j,0,r){
            int in; cin>>in; in--;
            conne[id].push_back(in);
        }
    }
    vi dist(n,-1);
    queue<pii> q;
    q.emplace(0,0);
    while(!q.empty()){
        pii n=q.front(); q.pop();
        int i=n.first; int d=n.second;
        if(dist[i]==-1)dist[i]=d;
        for(int itr:conne[i]){
            if(dist[itr]!=-1)continue;
            q.emplace(itr,d+1);
        }
    }
    rep(i,0,n)cout<<i+1<<" "<<dist[i]<<endl;
    return 0;
}