Go: package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"strconv"
)

type Queue []int

func (q *Queue) push(v int) {
	*q = append(*q, v)
}

func (q *Queue) pop() int {
	v := (*q)[0]
	*q = (*q)[1:]
	return v
}

func main() {
	sc := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	sc.Split(bufio.ScanWords)

	nVerts := scanInt(sc)
	graph := make([][]int, nVerts+1)

	for i := 0; i < nVerts; i++ {
		u := scanInt(sc)
		nDegrees := scanInt(sc)

		graph[u] = make([]int, nDegrees)
		for d := 0; d < nDegrees; d++ {
			graph[u][d] = scanInt(sc)
		}
	}

	paths := make([]int, nVerts+1)

	queue := Queue(make([]int, 0))
	queue.push(1)

	paths[1] = 1
	d := 2
	for len(queue) > 0 {
		u := queue.pop()

		pushed := false
		for _, v := range graph[u] {
			if paths[v] == 0 {
				paths[v] = d
				queue.push(v)
				pushed = true
			}
		}
		if pushed {
			d += 1
		}
	}

	w := bufio.NewWriter(os.Stdout)
	for i := 1; i <= nVerts; i++ {
		fmt.Fprintf(w, "%d %d\n", i, paths[i]-1)
	}
	w.Flush()
}

func scanInt(sc *bufio.Scanner) int {
	sc.Scan()
	v, _ := strconv.Atoi(sc.Text())
	return v
}

Python: # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

def solve():
    import sys
    import heapq

    N = int(sys.stdin.readline())
    graph = []
    for _ in range(N):
        _in = list(map(int, sys.stdin.readline().split()))
        if len(_in) == 2:
            graph.append([])
            continue
        u, k, Vs = _in[0], _in[1], _in[2:]
        As = []
        for v in Vs:
            As.append(v-1)
        graph.append(As)

    dist = [float("inf") for _ in range(N)]
    dist[0] = 0
    que = []
    heapq.heappush(que, (0, 0))  # (頂点番号, 最短距離の候補)
    while que:
        u, d = heapq.heappop(que)
        if dist[u] < d: continue

        for v in graph[u]:
            if dist[v] > dist[u]+1:
                dist[v] = dist[u]+1
                heapq.heappush(que, (v, dist[v]))

    for i in range(N):
        d = -1 if dist[i]==float("inf") else dist[i]
        print(i+1, d)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    solve()

Python: from collections import deque

n = int(input())
graph = []

for _ in range(n):
    u = list(map(int, input().split()))

    if u[1] == 0:
        graph.append([])
    else:
        graph.append(list(map(lambda x: x - 1, u[2: u[1] + 2])))

dist = [-1] * n


def bfs(x):
    q = deque([])
    dist[x] = 0
    q.append(x)

    while q:
        x = q.popleft()

        for nx in graph[x]:
            if dist[nx] != -1:
                continue
            else:
                dist[nx] = dist[x] + 1
                q.append(nx)


bfs(0)

for i in range(n):
    print(i + 1, dist[i])

Python: import sys
from collections import deque


def bfs(s):
    flag_list[s] = 1
    d_list[s] = 0
    q.append(s)
    while len(q)>0:
        u = q.popleft()
        for v in range(n):
            if m_list[u][v] == 1 and flag_list[v] == 0:
                flag_list[v] = 1
                d_list[v] = d_list[u] + 1
                q.append(v)
        flag_list[u] = 2


if __name__ == "__main__":
    input = sys.stdin.readline
    n = int(input())
    m_list = [[0]*n for _ in range(n)]
    d_list = [-1]*n
    flag_list = [0]*n # 0: 未到達, 1: 処理中, 2: 完了
    q = deque([])
    for _ in range(n):
        input_list = list(map(int, input().split()))
        index = input_list[0] - 1
        if input_list[1] > 0:
            for a in input_list[2:]:
                m_list[index][a-1] = 1
    bfs(0)
    for i, d in enumerate(d_list):
        print(i+1, d_list[i])

Python: from collections import deque
from enum import Enum, auto

class Color(Enum):
    WHITE = auto()
    GRAY = auto()
    BLACK = auto()

n = int(input())
d = [0 for i in range(n)]
f = [0 for i in range(n)]

colors = [] # 頂点の訪問状態
A = [[0 for j in range(n)] for i in range(n)] # 隣接行列
queue = deque([])

# 隣接行列の初期化
for i in range(n):
    arr = list(map(int, input().split(' ')))
    u, k, v = arr[0], arr[1], arr[2:]
    for j in range(k):
        A[u-1][v[j]-1] = 1

def bfs_init():
    global colors
    colors = [Color.WHITE for i in range(n)]
    d[0] = 0
    bfs(0, 1)

def bfs(u, dist):
    global queue
    colors[u] = Color.GRAY

    for v in range(n):
        if A[u][v] == 1 and colors[v] == Color.WHITE:
            d[v] = dist
            queue.append(v)

    while len(queue) > 0:
        v = queue.pop()
        bfs(v, dist+1)

bfs_init()

for i in range(n):
    print(i+1, d[i])

Python: n = int(input())
a = []
for i in range(n):
  tmp = list(map(int, input().split()))
  a.append(tmp[2:])
ans = [-1 for _ in range(n + 1)]
ans[1] = 0
que = [1]
while len(que) > 0:
  current = que.pop(0)
  if len(a[current - 1]) == 0:
    continue
  for next in a[current - 1]:
    if ans[next] == -1:
      que.append(next)
      ans[next] = ans[current] + 1
for i in range(1, n + 1):
  print(i, ans[i])

Python: N= int(input())
E = [input().split()[2:] for _ in [0]*N]
L,Q = [0] + [-1]*N, [0]
def func(ide):
    for i in E[ide]:
        i = int(i) - 1
        if L[i] < 0 :L[i] = L[ide] +1 ;Q.append(i) 
        else:return

while Q:top = Q.pop();func(top)

for i in range(N):print(i + 1 ,int(L[i]))

Python: #coding: UTF-8
from collections import deque
n = int(input())
link = [[] for i in range(n+1)]
for i in range(n):
  r = list(map(int,input().split()))
  u = r.pop(0)
  k = r.pop(0)
  link[u] = r

searched=set()
queue = deque()
d = [-1 for i in range(n+1)]

v = 1
d[v] = 0
queue.append(v)
searched.add(v)
while queue:
  v = queue.popleft()
  for w in link[v]:
    if w not in searched:
      d[w] = d[v] + 1
      queue.append(w)
      searched.add(w)

for i in range(1,n+1):
  print(str(i) + " " + str(d[i]))

Python: n = int(input())

graphs = []

for _ in range(n):
    graphs.append(list(map(int, input().split()))[2:])


def bfs(graphs, seen_points, score, scores, queue):
    while len(queue) > 0:
        start_point = queue.pop(0)
        if seen_points[start_point - 1] == 2:
            continue
        else:
            next_points = [
                point for point in graphs[start_point - 1] if seen_points[point - 1] == 0]
            if len(next_points) >= 1:
                score += 1
                for point in next_points:
                    queue.append(point)
                    if seen_points[point - 1] == 0:
                        seen_points[point - 1] = 1
                        scores[point - 1] = scores[start_point - 1] + 1
                seen_points[start_point - 1] = 2


seen_points = [0 for _ in range(n)]
scores = [-1 for _ in range(n)]
scores[0] = 0
queue = [1]
bfs(graphs, seen_points, 0, scores, queue)

for index, score in enumerate(scores):
    print(index + 1, score)

Python: import sys
input = sys.stdin.readline

#入力と違って０オリジンとなっているので注意
n = int(input())
li = [[0] * n for _ in range(n)] #隣接行列、０オリジン li[i][j]:iからjへの有向グラフがある
for i in range(n):
    x, y, *v = [int(x)-1 for x in input().split()]
    for j in v:
        li[i][j] = 1 #有向グラフがあるところは１、ないところは０となる

from collections import deque
Q = deque([0]) #初期条件
finish = [0] #訪問済みの頂点をしまう
len_ = [-1]*n #頂点jの頂点０からの距離、できなかったらー１と返す
len_[0] = 0 #初期条件
while Q: #Qがからでない限り以下の操作を繰り返す
    i = Q.popleft()
    for j in range(n):
        if li[i][j] == 1: #iからjへの道が存在する場合
            if not j in finish: #まだjが探索済みじゃなかったら以下の操作を行う
                finish.append(j)
                Q.append(j)
                len_[j] = len_[i] + 1
        else:
            continue
for i in range(n):
    print(str(i+1) + ' ' + str(len_[i]))

Python: n = int(input())
graph = {}
d = [-1] * (n+1)
for i in range(n):
    t = list(map(int, input().split()))
    v = t[0]
    k = t[1]
    graph[v] = [t[i+2] for i in range(k)]

from queue import Queue

def bfs(s):
    d[s] = 0
    q=Queue()
    q.put(s)
    while not q.empty():
        v=q.get()
        for child in graph[v]:
            if d[child] != -1: continue
            d[child] = d[v] + 1
            q.put(child)
bfs(1)
for i in range(1, n+1):print(i,d[i])