Go: // AOJ 1160: How Many Islands? http://judge.u-aizu.ac.jp/onlinejudge/description.jsp?id=1160

package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"container/list"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"strconv"
)

var SEA = 0
var LAND = 1

func nextInt(sc *bufio.Scanner) int {
	sc.Scan()
	v, _ := strconv.Atoi(sc.Text())
	return v
}

func discoverIslands(M, V [][]int, H, W int) int {
	// 島を探す
	queue := list.New()
	islands := 0
	for i := 1; i <= H; i++ {
		for j := 1; j <= W; j++ {
			// 訪問済みの土地ならスキップ
			if V[i][j] == 1 {
				continue
			}

			// 訪問中の土地が海なら訪問済みにしてスキップ
			if M[i][j] == SEA {
				V[i][j] = 1
				continue
			}

			// 未訪問の陸地が見つかったので
			// 島の数を1つ増やし、この陸地から辿れる陸地を訪問していく
			islands++
			queue.PushBack([]int{i, j})

			for queue.Len() > 0 {
				cur := queue.Remove(queue.Front()).([]int)
				h, w := cur[0], cur[1]
				if V[h][w] == 1 {
					continue
				}
				V[h][w] = 1

				// 全方向に未訪問の陸地がないか探索
				for v := -1; v <= 1; v++ {
					for l := -1; l <= 1; l++ {
						dh := h + v
						dw := w + l
						if M[dh][dw] == LAND && V[dh][dw] == 0 {
							queue.PushBack([]int{dh, dw})
						}
					}
				}
				/*
					if M[h-1][w] == LAND {
						queue.PushBack([]int{h - 1, w})
					}
					if M[h-1][w+1] == LAND {
						queue.PushBack([]int{h - 1, w + 1})
					}
					if M[h][w+1] == LAND {
						queue.PushBack([]int{h, w + 1})
					}
					if M[h+1][w+1] == LAND {
						queue.PushBack([]int{h + 1, w + 1})
					}
					if M[h+1][w] == LAND {
						queue.PushBack([]int{h + 1, w})
					}
					if M[h+1][w-1] == LAND {
						queue.PushBack([]int{h + 1, w - 1})
					}
					if M[h][w-1] == LAND {
						queue.PushBack([]int{h, w - 1})
					}
					if M[h-1][w-1] == LAND {
						queue.PushBack([]int{h - 1, w - 1})
					}
				*/
			}
		}
	}
	return islands
}

func main() {
	sc := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	sc.Split(bufio.ScanWords)

	for {
		W, H := nextInt(sc), nextInt(sc)

		if W == 0 && H == 0 {
			break
		}
		// Initialize map and visted list
		M := make([][]int, H+2)
		V := make([][]int, H+2)
		for i := 0; i < H+2; i++ {
			M[i] = make([]int, W+2)
			V[i] = make([]int, W+2)
		}
		for i := 1; i <= H; i++ {
			for j := 1; j <= W; j++ {
				M[i][j] = nextInt(sc)
			}
		}

		islands := discoverIslands(M, V, H, W)

		fmt.Println(islands)
	}
}

C++: #include <iostream>
using namespace std;

const int MAX = 50;
int dx[8] = { 1,0,-1,0,1,1,-1,-1 };
int dy[8] = { 0,1,0,-1,1,-1,1,-1 };
int map[MAX][MAX];
int color[MAX][MAX];

void dfs(int x, int y, int c)
{
	color[x][y] = c;

	for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
		int nx = x + dx[i];
		int ny = y + dy[i];

		if (nx >= 0 && nx < MAX&&ny >= 0 && ny < MAX) {
			if (map[nx][ny] == 1) {
				if (color[nx][ny] == 0) {
					dfs(nx, ny, c);
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

int main()
{
	while (true) {
		int w, h;
		cin >> w >> h;

		if (w == 0 && h == 0) {
			break;
		}

		for (int i = 0; i < MAX; i++) {
			for (int j = 0; j < MAX; j++) {
				map[i][j] = 0;
				color[i][j] = 0;
			}
		}

		for (int i = 0; i < h; i++) {
			for (int j = 0; j < w; j++) {
				cin >> map[i][j];
			}
		}

		int ans = 0;

		for (int i = 0; i < h; i++) {
			for (int j = 0; j < w; j++) {
				if (map[i][j] == 1) {
					if (color[i][j] == 0) {
						ans++;
						dfs(i, j, ans);
					}
				}
			}
		}

		cout << ans << endl;
	}

	return 0;
}

C++: #include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

int w,h;
int f[51][51];
int d[3] = {0,-1,1};

void dfs(int x, int y) {
    int i,j,nx,ny;
    f[x][y] = 0;
    for(i=0; i<3; i++)
        for(j=0; j<3; j++) {
            if(i+j == 0)
                continue;
            nx=x+d[i], ny=y+d[j];
            if(nx<0 || nx>=h || ny<0 || ny>=w)
                continue;
            if(f[nx][ny] == 1)
                dfs(nx,ny);
        }
}

int main() {
    int i,j,r;
    while(1) {
        r=0;
        cin >> w >> h;
        if(w+h == 0)
            break;

        for(i=0; i<h; i++)
            for(j=0; j<w; j++)
                cin >> f[i][j];
        
        for(i=0; i<h; i++)
            for(j=0; j<w; j++)
                if(f[i][j] == 1) {
                    dfs(i, j);
                    r++;
                }
        cout << r << endl;
    }
}

C++: #include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int a[52][52];
int w, h;
int yy[8] = {-1, 0, 0, 1, -1, -1, 1, 1};
int xx[8] = {0, 1, -1, 0, -1, 1, -1, 1};
int solve(int y, int x){
	if(a[y][x] == 0)return 0;
	a[y][x] = 0;
	int ans = 0;
	for(int i = 0;i < 8;i++){
		ans += solve(y+yy[i], x+xx[i]);
	}
	return 1;
}

int main(){
	int y, x;
	while(cin >> w >> h, w){
		int ans = 0;
		fill((int*)a, (int*)(a+52), 0);
		for(int i = 1;i <= h;i++)
		for(int j = 1;j <= w;j++)cin >> a[i][j];
		for(int i = 1;i <= h;i++){
			for(int j = 1;j <= w;j++){
				if(a[i][j])ans += solve(i, j);
			}
		}
		cout << ans << endl;
	}
	return 0;
}

C++: #define	_USE_MATH_DEFINES
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <functional>
#include <vector>
#include <cstdio>
#include <string>
#include <cmath>
#include <cfloat>
#include <map>
#include <queue>
#include <stack>
#include <list>
using namespace std;
int x,y;
int o[52][52];
queue<int> q;
void tansaku(int j,int i){
	if(j<1||j>x||i<1||i>y||o[i][j]==0||o[i][j]==2){
		return ;
	}
	if(o[i][j]==1){
		if(q.empty())
		q.push(1);
		o[i][j]=2;
	}
	
	tansaku(j+1,i);
	tansaku(j-1,i);
	tansaku(j,i+1);
	tansaku(j,i-1);
	tansaku(j+1,i+1);
	tansaku(j-1,i-1);
	tansaku(j+1,i-1);
	tansaku(j-1,i+1);
}
int main(){

	while(cin>>x>>y,x!=0||y!=0){
		int count=0;
		for(int i=1;i<=y;i++){
			for(int j=1;j<=x;j++){
				cin>>o[i][j];
			}
		}
		for(int i=1;i<=y;i++){
			for(int j=1;j<=x;j++){
				tansaku(j,i);
				if(!q.empty()){
				count+=q.front();
				}
				q.pop();
			}
		}
		
		cout<<count<<endl;
	}

}

C++: #include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int islands=0;
int w,h;
int field[50][50];
void bfs(int, int);

int main(){

  while(cin>>w>>h&&w!=0&&h!=0){

    for(int i=0;i<51;i++){
      for(int j=0;j<51;j++){
        field[i][j] = -1;
      }
    }

    for(int j=0;j<h;j++){
      for(int i=0;i<w;i++){
        cin >> field[i][j];
        //        cout << field[i][j] << " ";
      }
      //    cout << endl;
    }
    // cout << endl;
    int ans=0; 

    for(int j=0;j<h;j++){
      for(int i=0;i<w;i++){
        if(field[i][j]==1){
          field[i][j]=0;
          bfs(i,j);
          ans++;
        }
      }
    }
    /*   if(w==5&&h==4){
         for(int i=0;i<w;i++){
         for(int j=0;j<h;j++){
         cout << field[i][j] << " ";
         }
         cout << endl;
         }
         }*/
    cout << ans << endl;
  }

  return 0;
}

void bfs(int x, int y){
  if(x-1>=0&&field[x-1][y]==1){
    field[x-1][y]=0;
    bfs(x-1,y);
  }
  if(x+1<w&&field[x+1][y]==1){
    field[x+1][y]=0;
    bfs(x+1,y);
  }
  if(y-1>=0&&field[x][y-1]==1){
    field[x][y-1]=0;
    bfs(x,y-1);
  }
  if(y+1<h&&field[x][y+1]==1){
    field[x][y+1]=0;
    bfs(x, y+1);
  }
  if(x-1>=0&&y-1>=0&&field[x-1][y-1]==1){
    field[x-1][y-1]=0;
    bfs(x-1,y-1);
  }
  if(x+1<w&&y-1>=0&&field[x+1][y-1]==1){
    field[x+1][y-1]=0;
    bfs(x+1,y-1);
  }
  if(x-1>=0&&y+1<h&&field[x-1][y+1]==1){
    field[x-1][y+1]=0;
    bfs(x-1,y+1);
  }
  if(x+1<w&&y+1<h&&field[x+1][y+1]==1){
    field[x+1][y+1]=0;
    bfs(x+1,y+1);
  }
  return;
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;

#define MAX 51

bool field[MAX][MAX];
int cnt;
int H, W;

void dfs(int x, int y){
  field[x][y] = 0;
  
  for(int dx = -1 ; dx <= 1 ; dx++){
    for(int dy = -1 ; dy <= 1 ; dy++){
      int nx = x + dx;
      int ny = y + dy;
      if(0 <= nx && nx < H && 0 <= ny && ny < W && field[nx][ny] == 1) dfs(nx, ny);
    }
  }
}

int main(){
  while(cin >> W >> H){
    cnt = 0;
    if(W == 0 && H == 0) break;
    for(int i = 0 ; i < H ; i++){
      for(int j = 0 ; j < W ; j++){
	cin >> field[i][j];
      }
    }

    for(int i = 0 ; i < H ; i++){
      for(int j = 0 ; j < W ; j++){
	if(field[i][j] == 1){
	  dfs(i, j);
	  cnt++;
	}
      }
    }
    cout << cnt << endl;
  }
  return 0;
}