Go: package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	const S = "HEISEI"
	io := NewIo()
	defer io.Flush()
	for io.Next() == S {
		y, m, d := io.NextInt(), io.NextInt(), io.NextInt()
		if y > 31 || y == 31 && m > 4 {
			io.Println("?", y-30, m, d)
		} else {
			io.Println(S, y, m, d)
		}
	}
}

// I/O template
type Io struct {
	reader    *bufio.Reader
	writer    *bufio.Writer
	tokens    []string
	nextToken int
}

func NewIo() *Io {
	return &Io{
		reader: bufio.NewReader(os.Stdin),
		writer: bufio.NewWriter(os.Stdout),
	}
}

func (io *Io) Flush() {
	err := io.writer.Flush()
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
}

func (io *Io) NextLine() string {
	var buff []byte
	for {
		line, isPrefix, err := io.reader.ReadLine()
		if err != nil {
			panic(err)
		}
		buff = append(buff, line...)
		if !isPrefix {
			break
		}
	}
	return string(buff)
}

func (io *Io) Next() string {
	for io.nextToken >= len(io.tokens) {
		line := io.NextLine()
		io.tokens = strings.Fields(line)
		io.nextToken = 0
	}
	s := io.tokens[io.nextToken]
	io.nextToken++
	return s
}

func (io *Io) NextInt() int {
	i, err := strconv.Atoi(io.Next())
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	return i
}

func (io *Io) NextFloat() float64 {
	i, err := strconv.ParseFloat(io.Next(), 64)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	return i
}

func (io *Io) Println(a ...interface{}) {
	fmt.Fprintln(io.writer, a...)
}

func (io *Io) Printf(format string, a ...interface{}) {
	fmt.Fprintf(io.writer, format, a...)
}

func (io *Io) PrintIntSlice(a []int) {
	b := []interface{}{}
	for _, x := range a {
		b = append(b, x)
	}
	io.Println(b...)
}

func (io *Io) PrintStringSlice(a []string) {
	b := []interface{}{}
	for _, x := range a {
		b = append(b, x)
	}
	io.Println(b...)
}

func Log(name string, value interface{}) {
	fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "%s=%+v\n", name, value)
}

func ExampleIo() {
	io := NewIo()
	defer io.Flush()
	a := make([]int, 0, 3)
	a[0], a[1], a[2] = io.NextInt(), io.NextInt(), io.NextInt()
	io.Println(a)
	io.PrintIntSlice(a)
	Log("io", a)
}

C++: #include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

#define INF_LL (int64)1e18
#define INF (int32)1e9
#define REP(i, n) for(int64 i = 0;i < (n);i++)
#define FOR(i, a, b) for(int64 i = (a);i < (b);i++)
#define all(x) x.begin(),x.end()
#define fs first
#define sc second

using int32 = int_fast32_t;
using uint32 = uint_fast32_t;
using int64 = int_fast64_t;
using uint64 = uint_fast64_t;
using PII = pair<int32, int32>;
using PLL = pair<int64, int64>;

const double eps = 1e-10;

template<typename A, typename B>inline void chmin(A &a, B b){if(a > b) a = b;}
template<typename A, typename B>inline void chmax(A &a, B b){if(a < b) a = b;}

template<typename T>
vector<T> make_v(size_t a){return vector<T>(a);}

template<typename T,typename... Ts>
auto make_v(size_t a,Ts... ts){
  return vector<decltype(make_v<T>(ts...))>(a,make_v<T>(ts...));
}

template<typename T,typename U,typename... V>
typename enable_if<is_same<T, U>::value!=0>::type
fill_v(U &u,const V... v){u=U(v...);}

template<typename T,typename U,typename... V>
typename enable_if<is_same<T, U>::value==0>::type
fill_v(U &u,const V... v){
  for(auto &e:u) fill_v<T>(e,v...);
}

int main(void) {
  string s;
  while (cin >> s && s != "#") {
    int64 y, m, d;
    cin >> y >> m >> d;
    if (y > 31 || (y == 31 && m > 4)) {
      cout << "? " << y-30 << " " << m << " " << d << endl;
    } else {
      cout << s << " " << y << " " << m << " " << d << endl;
    }
  }
}

C++: #include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
#define F first
#define S second
#define R cin>>
#define Z class
#define ll long long
#define ln cout<<'\n'
#define in(a) insert(a)
#define pb(a) push_back(a)
#define pd(a) printf("%.10f\n",a)
#define mem(a) memset(a,0,sizeof(a))
#define all(c) (c).begin(),(c).end()
#define iter(c) __typeof((c).begin())
#define rrep(i,n) for(ll i=(ll)(n)-1;i>=0;i--)
#define REP(i,m,n) for(ll i=(ll)(m);i<(ll)(n);i++)
#define rep(i,n) REP(i,0,n)
#define tr(it,c) for(iter(c) it=(c).begin();it!=(c).end();it++)
template<Z A>void pr(A a){cout<<a;ln;}
template<Z A,Z B>void pr(A a,B b){cout<<a<<' ';pr(b);}
template<Z A,Z B,Z C>void pr(A a,B b,C c){cout<<a<<' ';pr(b,c);}
template<Z A,Z B,Z C,Z D>void pr(A a,B b,C c,D d){cout<<a<<' ';pr(b,c,d);}
template<Z A>void PR(A a,ll n){rep(i,n){if(i)cout<<' ';cout<<a[i];}ln;}
ll check(ll n,ll m,ll x,ll y){return x>=0&&x<n&&y>=0&&y<m;}
const ll MAX=1e9+7,MAXL=1LL<<61,dx[4]={-1,0,1,0},dy[4]={0,1,0,-1};
typedef pair<int,int> P;
 
void Main() {
  string s;
  while(cin >> s && s!="#") {
    int y,m,d;
    cin >> y >> m >> d;
    if(y<31) cout << s << " ";
    else if(y==31) {
      if(m<=4) cout << s << " ";
      else {
        cout << "?" << " ";
        y-=31;
        y++;
      }
    } else {
      cout << "?" << " ";
      y-=31;
      y++;
    }
    pr(y,m,d);
  }
}
 
int main(){ios::sync_with_stdio(0);cin.tie(0);Main();return 0;}

C++: #include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

int main(void){
    string g;
    int y,m,d;
    while(cin>>g, g!="#"){
        cin>>y>>m>>d;
        if(!(y <= 30 || (y == 31 and m <= 4))){
            g = "?";
            y -= 30;
        }
        cout<<g<<" "<<y<<" "<<m<<" "<<d<<endl;
    }
}

C++: #include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
  while (true) {
    string s;
    int y, m, d;
    cin >> s;
    if (s == "#")
      break;
    cin >> y >> m >> d;
    if (y > 31) {
      y -= 30;
      s = "?";
    } else if (y == 31 && m >= 5) {
      y -= 30;
      s = "?";
    }
    cout << s << " " << y << " " << m << " " << d << endl;
  }
  return 0;
}

C++: #include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
using ll = long long;
const ll mod = 1e9 + 7;
const ll inf = (1 << 30) - 1;
const ll infll = (1LL << 61) - 1;

int main()
{
    string s;
    int a, b, c;
    while (cin >> s)
    {
        if (s != "HEISEI")
            return 0;
        cin >> a >> b >> c;
        if (a >= 32 || (a == 31 && b >= 5))
        {
            printf("? %d %d %d\n", a - 30, b, c);
        }
        else
        {
            printf("HEISEI %d %d %d\n", a, b, c);
        }
    }
}

C++: #include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main(){
  int y,m,d;
  string g;
  while(cin>>g&&g!="#"){
    cin>>y>>m>>d;
    if(y==31&&m>=5){
      g='?'; y-=30;
    }
    if(y>31){
      g='?'; y-=30;
    }
    cout<<g<<" "<<y<<" "<<m<<" "<<d<<endl;
  }
  return 0;
}

C++: #include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

int main(){

    while(1){
        string s; cin >> s;
        if(s == "#") break;
        int y, m, d; cin >> y >> m >> d;
        string ans;
        if(y <= 30) ans = "HEISEI";
        else if(y >= 32){
            ans = "?";
            y -= 30
        }
        else{
            if(m <= 4) ans = "HEISEI";
            else{
                ans = "?";
                y -= 30;
            }
        }

        cout << ans << " " << y << " " << m << " " << d << endl;
    }
    return 0;
}

C++: #include<iostream>
using namespace std;

int main(){
    string s;
    int y, m, d;
    while(cin >> s >> y >> m >> d){
        if(y < 31){
            cout << s << " " << y << " " << m << " " << d << endl;
        }else if(y > 31){
            cout << "? " << y - 30 << " " << m << " " << d << endl;
        }else if(m <= 4){
            cout << s << " " << y << " " << m << " " << d << endl;
        }else{
            cout << "? " << y - 30 << " " << m << " " << d << endl;
        }
    }
}

C++: #include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

int main(){
  string str;
  int y,m,d;
  while(cin >> str,str[0]!='#'){
    cin >> y >> m >> d;
    if(y > 31){
      cout << "?" << " " << y-30 << " " << m << " " << d << endl;
    }else if(y==31 && m >4){
      cout << "?" << " " << y-30 << " " << m << " " << d << endl;
    }else{
      cout << str << " " <<  y << " " << m << " " << d << endl;
    }
  }
  return 0;
}