Go: // AOJ 1160: How Many Islands? http://judge.u-aizu.ac.jp/onlinejudge/description.jsp?id=1160

package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"container/list"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"strconv"
)

var SEA = 0
var LAND = 1

func nextInt(sc *bufio.Scanner) int {
	sc.Scan()
	v, _ := strconv.Atoi(sc.Text())
	return v
}

func discoverIslands(M, V [][]int, H, W int) int {
	// 島を探す
	queue := list.New()
	islands := 0
	for i := 1; i <= H; i++ {
		for j := 1; j <= W; j++ {
			// 訪問済みの土地ならスキップ
			if V[i][j] == 1 {
				continue
			}

			// 訪問中の土地が海なら訪問済みにしてスキップ
			if M[i][j] == SEA {
				V[i][j] = 1
				continue
			}

			// 未訪問の陸地が見つかったので
			// 島の数を1つ増やし、この陸地から辿れる陸地を訪問していく
			islands++
			queue.PushBack([]int{i, j})

			for queue.Len() > 0 {
				cur := queue.Remove(queue.Front()).([]int)
				h, w := cur[0], cur[1]
				if V[h][w] == 1 {
					continue
				}
				V[h][w] = 1

				// 全方向に未訪問の陸地がないか探索
				for v := -1; v <= 1; v++ {
					for l := -1; l <= 1; l++ {
						dh := h + v
						dw := w + l
						if M[dh][dw] == LAND && V[dh][dw] == 0 {
							queue.PushBack([]int{dh, dw})
						}
					}
				}
				/*
					if M[h-1][w] == LAND {
						queue.PushBack([]int{h - 1, w})
					}
					if M[h-1][w+1] == LAND {
						queue.PushBack([]int{h - 1, w + 1})
					}
					if M[h][w+1] == LAND {
						queue.PushBack([]int{h, w + 1})
					}
					if M[h+1][w+1] == LAND {
						queue.PushBack([]int{h + 1, w + 1})
					}
					if M[h+1][w] == LAND {
						queue.PushBack([]int{h + 1, w})
					}
					if M[h+1][w-1] == LAND {
						queue.PushBack([]int{h + 1, w - 1})
					}
					if M[h][w-1] == LAND {
						queue.PushBack([]int{h, w - 1})
					}
					if M[h-1][w-1] == LAND {
						queue.PushBack([]int{h - 1, w - 1})
					}
				*/
			}
		}
	}
	return islands
}

func main() {
	sc := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	sc.Split(bufio.ScanWords)

	for {
		W, H := nextInt(sc), nextInt(sc)

		if W == 0 && H == 0 {
			break
		}
		// Initialize map and visted list
		M := make([][]int, H+2)
		V := make([][]int, H+2)
		for i := 0; i < H+2; i++ {
			M[i] = make([]int, W+2)
			V[i] = make([]int, W+2)
		}
		for i := 1; i <= H; i++ {
			for j := 1; j <= W; j++ {
				M[i][j] = nextInt(sc)
			}
		}

		islands := discoverIslands(M, V, H, W)

		fmt.Println(islands)
	}
}

C++: #include <iostream>

#define rep(i, n) for(int i = 0 ; i < n ; i++)

using namespace std;

int area[50][50], cnt = 0;
int w, h;

void dfs(int x ,int y)
{
  area[x][y] = 0;

  for(int dx = -1 ; dx <= 1 ; dx++){
    for(int dy = -1 ; dy <= 1 ; dy++){
      int nx = x + dx, ny = y + dy;

      if(0 <= nx && nx < w && 0 <= ny && ny < h && area[nx][ny] == 1){
	dfs(nx, ny);
      }
    }
  }
}

int main()
{
  while(true){
    cin >> w >> h;
    if(w == 0 && h == 0) break;

    rep(i, w){
      rep(j, h){
	if(area[i][j] == 1){
	  dfs(i, j);
	  cnt++;
	}
      }
    }
    cout << cnt << '\n';
    cnt = 0;
  }
}

C++: #include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
using ll=long long;
typedef pair<int,int> P;
template<class T> inline bool chmax(T& a, T b) { if (a < b) { a = b; return 1; } return 0; }
template<class T> inline bool chmin(T& a, T b) { if (a > b) { a = b; return 1; } return 0; }
int w,h;
int nx,ny;
void dfs(vector<vector<int>> &G,int a,int b){
     if(0>nx|| nx>=h || 0>ny|| ny>=w) return ;
     if( G.at(nx).at(ny)==0) return ; 
     G.at(a).at(b)=0;
    for(int k=-1;k<=1;k++){
        for(int s=-1;s<=1;s++){
            nx=a+k;
            ny=b+s;
            dfs(G,nx,ny);
        }
    }
}
 
 
 
int main(){
    cin>>w>>h;
    vector<vector<int>>G(h,vector<int>(w));
    for(int i=0;i<h;i++){
        for(int j=0;j<w;j++){
            cin>>G.at(i).at(j);
        }
    }
    int count=0;
    for(int i=0;i<h;i++){
        for(int j=0;j<w;j++){
            if(G.at(i).at(j)==1){
                count++;
                dfs(G,i,j);
            }
        }
    }
cout<<count<<endl;
}

C++: #include<stdio.h>
void printmap();
void draw(int x,int y);
int w,h,c[51][51];

int main(){
	int i,j;
	int count;


	scanf("%d %d",&w,&h);


	while((w!=0)&&(h!=0)){
		count=0;
	
		for(j=0;j<h;j++){
			for(i=0;i<w;i++){
				scanf("%d",&c[j][i]);
			}
		}
		//printf("\n");
		
		for(i=0;i<w;i++){
			c[h][i]=0;
		}
		for(i=0;i<h;i++){
			c[i][w]=0;
		}

		for(i=0;i<w;i++){
			for(j=0;j<h;j++){
				if(c[j][i]==1){
					count++;
					//printf("count up count=%d\n",count);
					draw(j,i);
					printmap();
				}
			}
		}

		printf("%d\n",count);
		scanf("%d %d",&w,&h);
	}
	return 0;
}

void draw(int x,int y){
	printf("delete %d %d\n",x,y);
	int i,j;
	c[x][y]=0;
	for(i=0;i<3;i++){
		for(j=0;j<3;j++){
			if(c[x-1+i][y-1+j]==1){
				draw(x-1+i,y-1+j);
			}
		}
	}


}

void printmap(){
	int i,j;
	for(j=0;j<h;j++){
		for(i=0;i<w;i++){
			printf("%d ",c[j][i]);
		}
		printf("\n");
	}
}

C++: #include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define rep(i,n) for(long long int i = 0; i < n; i++)
#define _rep(i,m,n) for(long long int i = m; i < n; i++)
#define print(n) std::cout << n << std::endl
#define _print(n) std::cout << n
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
const int N = 1000000;
const ll mod = 1000000007;
using Graph = vector<vector<int>>;
const int dx[4] = {1, 0, -1, 0};
const int dy[4] = {0, 1, 0, -1};

int H,W;
vector<vector<int>> field;

void dfs(int h, int w){
   field[h][w] = 0;
   
   for(int dh = -1; dh <= 1; dh++){
      for(int dw = -1; dw <= 1; dw++){
         int nh = h + dh;
         int nw = w + dw;
      
         if(nh < 0 || nh >= H || nw < 0 || nw >= W)continue;
         if(field[nh][nw] == 0)continue;

         dfs(nh, nw);
      }
   }
}

int main(){
   while(true){
   cin >> W >> H;
   if(H == 0 || W == 0)return 0;
   field.assign(H, vector<int>(W, 0));

   for (int i = 0; i < H; i++){
      for(int j = 0; j < W; j++){
         cin >> field[i][j];
      }
   }

   int count = 0;
   for(int i = 0; i < H; i++){
      for(int j = 0; j < W; j++){
         if(field[i][j] == 0) continue;
         dfs(i, j);
         count++;
      }
   }
   cout << count << endl;
   }
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <queue>
using namespace std;

int w, h, c, n;
int a[50][50];
queue<int> q;

void bfs() {
	int x, y;
	while (1) {
		x = q.front() % w;
		y = q.front() / w;
		
		if ( x > 0 && y > 0 && a[y - 1][x - 1] == 1 ) {
			a[y - 1][x - 1] = 0;
			q.push( ( y - 1 ) * w + x - 1 );
		}
		if ( x < w - 1 && y > 0 && a[y - 1][x + 1] == 1 ) {
			a[y - 1][x + 1] = 0;
			q.push( ( y - 1 ) * w + x + 1 );
		}
		if ( x > 0 && y < h - 1 && a[y + 1][x - 1] == 1 ) {
			a[y + 1][x - 1] = 0;
			q.push( ( y + 1 ) * w + x - 1 );
		}
		if ( x < w - 1 && y < h - 1 && a[y + 1][x + 1] == 1 ) {
			a[y + 1][x + 1] = 0;
			q.push( ( y + 1 ) * w + x + 1 );
		}
		if ( x > 0 && a[y][x - 1] == 1 ) {
			a[y][x - 1] = 0;
			q.push( y * w + x - 1 );
		}
		if ( y > 0 && a[y - 1][x] == 1 ) {
			a[y - 1][x] = 0;
			q.push( ( y - 1 ) * w + x );
		}
		if ( x < w - 1 && a[y][x + 1] == 1 ) {
			a[y][x + 1] = 0;
				q.push( y * w + x + 1 );
		}
		if ( y < h - 1 && a[y + 1][x] == 1 ) {
			a[y + 1][x] = 0;
			q.push( ( y + 1 ) * w + x );
		}
		q.pop();
		if ( q.empty() ) break;	
	}
	n++;
}

int main() {

	while (1) {
		n = 0;
		for ( int j = 0; j < 50; j++ )
			for ( int i = 0; i < 50; i++ )
				a[j][i] = 0;
		cin >> w >> h;
		if ( w == 0 ) break;
		for ( int j = 0; j < h; j++ ) {
			for ( int i = 0; i < w; i++ ) {
				cin >> c;
				a[j][i] = c;
			}
		}
		for ( int j = 0; j < h; j++ ) {
			for ( int i = 0; i < w; i++ ) {
				if ( a[j][i] == 1 ) {
					a[j][i] = 0;
					q.push( j * w + i );
					bfs();
				}
			}
		}
		cout << n << endl;
	}
}