Go: ///
// File:  0558.go
// Author: ymiyamoto
//
// Created on Sun Mar  4 20:58:45 2018
//
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
)

type pos struct {
	x, y int
}

var H, W, N int
var graph [][]string

func wfs(p pos, index int) (int, pos) {
	var q []pos
	dists := make([][]int, H)
	for i := range dists {
		dists[i] = make([]int, W)
	}

	q = append(q, p)
	for len(q) > 0 {
		p := q[0]
		dist := dists[p.x][p.y]
		q = q[1:]

		for _, d := range []pos{{-1, 0}, {1, 0}, {0, -1}, {0, 1}} {
			x := p.x + d.x
			y := p.y + d.y
			if 0 <= x && x < H && 0 <= y && y < W && graph[x][y] != "X" && dists[x][y] == 0 {
				dists[x][y] = dist + 1
				q = append(q, pos{x, y})
			}
		}
	}

	for i := range graph {
		for j := range graph[i] {
			if graph[i][j] == strconv.Itoa(index) {
				return dists[i][j], pos{i, j}
			}
		}
	}

	panic("not found")
}

func main() {
	fmt.Scan(&H, &W, &N)

	var start pos

	graph = make([][]string, H)
	for i := range graph {
		var s string
		fmt.Scan(&s)
		graph[i] = strings.Split(s, "")
		for j := range graph[i] {
			if graph[i][j] == "S" {
				start.x = i
				start.y = j
			}
		}
	}

	count := 0
	for i := 1; i <= N; i++ {
		c, s := wfs(start, i)
		start = s
		count += c
	}

	fmt.Println(count)
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <map>
#include <sstream>
#include <functional>
#include <numeric>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstring>
#include <cstdio>
#include <queue>
#include <stack>
#include <set>

using namespace std;

#define ALL(co) co.begin(), co.end()
#define tpl(...) make_tuple(__VA_ARGS__)

typedef long long LL;
typedef pair<int, int> P; typedef pair<P, int> PI; typedef pair<P, P> PP;
typedef vector<int> Array; typedef vector<vector<int> > Array2;
typedef vector<LL> LArray; typedef vector<P> PArray; typedef vector<string> SArray;

const int INF = 1 << 29;
const LL LINF = 1LL << 60;

inline int getInt() { int itiv; return (cin >> itiv, itiv); }
template <typename T> void readAll(vector<T>& vec) { for (int i = 0, size = vec.size(); i < size; i++) cin >> vec[i]; }
template <typename T, typename U> void readAll(vector<pair<T, U> >& vec) { for (int i = 0, size = vec.size(); i < size; i++) cin >> vec[i].first >> vec[i].second; }
template < typename T > inline string toString( const T &a ){ ostringstream oss; oss << a; return oss.str(); };
inline bool between(int min, int max, int n) { return min <= n && n <= max; }
inline bool inRange(int begin, int end, int n) { return begin <= n && n < end; }
inline bool inRange(int size, int n) { return 0 <= n && n < size; }

int dx[] = { -1, 0, 1, 0 }, dy[] = { 0, -1, 0, 1 };
int dr[] = { 0, -1, 0, 1 }, dc[] = { -1, 0, 1, 0 };

int h, w, n;

int main(void)
{
	ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
	while(cin >> h >> w >> n && n)
	{
		vector<vector<char> > stage(h, vector<char>(w));
		PArray goals(n + 1);
		for (int i = 0; i < h; i++)
		{
			for (int j = 0; j < w; j++)
			{
				cin >> stage[i][j];
				if(stage[i][j] == 'S') goals[0] = P(i, j);
				int num = stage[i][j] - '0';
				if(inRange(n + 1, num)) goals[num] = P(i, j);
			}
		}

		int ans = 0;
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
		{
			P start = goals[i], goal = goals[i + 1];
			vector<vector<bool> > visited(h, vector<bool>(w));
			queue<PI> que;
			que.push(PI(P(start.first, start.second), 0));
			while (!que.empty())
			{
				PI pi = que.front(); que.pop();
				if(goal == pi.first)
				{
					ans += pi.second;
					break;
				}
				int r = pi.first.first, c = pi.first.second;
				if(visited[r][c]) continue;
				visited[r][c] = true;

				for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
				{
					int nr = r + dr[i], nc = c + dc[i];
					if(!inRange(h, r) || !inRange(w, c) || stage[r][c] == 'X') continue;
					que.push(PI(P(r, c), pi.second + 1));
				}
			}
		}
		cout << ans << endl;
	}
	return 0;
}

C++: #include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include<queue>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
int H,W,N,sum=0;
char array[1005][1005];
int book[1005][1005];
int price[4][2]={0,1,1,0,0,-1,-1,0};
int a,b,c,d;
struct node
{
	int x;
	int y;
	int time;
}st;
queue<node> q;
bool bfs(){
	memset(book,0,sizeof(book));    //book初始化 
	book[a][b]=1;
	while(!q.empty()){              //队列初始化 
		q.pop();
	}
	st.x=a;
	st.y=b;
	st.time=0;
	q.push(st);
	node v1;
	int tx,ty;
	while(!q.empty()){
		v1=q.front();
		q.pop();
		for(int i=0;i<4;i++){
			tx=v1.x+price[i][0];
			ty=v1.y+price[i][1];
			if(tx<0||tx>=H||ty<0||ty>=W||array[tx][ty]=='X'||book[tx][ty]==1)
				continue;
			book[tx][ty]=1;
			st.x=tx;
			st.y=ty;
			st.time=v1.time+1;
			q.push(st);
			if(tx==c&&ty==d){
				return true;
			}
		}
	}
}
int main(){
	node v2;
	cin>>H>>W>>N;
	for(int i=0;i<H;i++)
		for(int j=0;j<W;j++)
			cin>>array[i][j];
	for(int i=0;i<H;i++)
		for(int j=0;j<W;j++)
			if(array[i][j]=='S'){
				a=i;
				b=j;
		}
	for(int k=0;k<N;k++)
		for(int i=0;i<H;i++)
			for(int j=0;j<W;j++){
				if(array[i][j]=='1'+k){
					c=i;
					d=j;
					if(bfs()){
						v2=q.back();
						sum+=v2.time;
					}
					a=c;
					b=d;
				}
			}
	cout<<sum<<endl;
	return 0;
}

C++: #include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
#include<map>
using namespace std;
#define MAX 1001

int h, w, n;
char city[MAX][MAX];
int step[10];
int direc1[4] = { -1,0,1,0 }, direc2[4] = { 0,1,0,-1 };

void dfs(char (&nowcity)[MAX][MAX], int nowstep, bool find, int nowi, int nowj, int nowpower, map<int, int> visited) {
	if (find) {
		if (step[nowpower-1] == -1) {
			step[nowpower-1] = nowstep;
		}
		else
		{
			step[nowpower-1] = min(step[nowpower-1], nowstep);
		}
		return;
	}
	if (step[nowpower] != -1) {
		if (nowstep >= step[nowpower]) {
			return;
		}
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
		if (nowi + direc1[i] >= 0 && nowi + direc1[i] < h&&nowj + direc2[i] >= 0 && nowj + direc2[i] < w) {

			if (nowcity[nowi + direc1[i]][nowj + direc2[i]] == '.') {
				if (!visited[(nowi + direc1[i]) * w + nowj + direc2[i]]) {
					visited[(nowi + direc1[i]) * w + nowj + direc2[i]]=1;
					dfs(nowcity, nowstep + 1, false, nowi + direc1[i], nowj + direc2[i], nowpower, visited);
				}	
			}
			else if (nowcity[nowi + direc1[i]][nowj + direc2[i]] >= '0'&&nowcity[nowi + direc1[i]][nowj + direc2[i]] <= '9')
			{
				int num = nowcity[nowi + direc1[i]][nowj + direc2[i]] - '0';
				if (nowpower == num) {					
					//nowcity[nowi + direc1[i]][nowj + direc2[i]] = '.';
					/*visited.clear();
					visited[(nowi + direc1[i]) * w + nowj + direc2[i]] =1;*/
					dfs(nowcity, nowstep + 1, true, nowi + direc1[i], nowj + direc2[i], nowpower,visited);
				}
				else {
					if (!visited[(nowi + direc1[i]) * w + nowj + direc2[i]]) {
						visited[(nowi + direc1[i]) * w + nowj + direc2[i]] =1;
						dfs(nowcity, nowstep + 1, false, nowi + direc1[i], nowj + direc2[i], nowpower,visited);
					}				
				}
			}
		}
	}
}



int main() {
	cin >> h >> w >> n;
	int nowi[10], nowj[10];
	
	for (int i = 0; i < h; i++)
	{
		for (int j = 0; j < w; j++)
		{
			cin >> city[i][j];
			if (city[i][j] == 'S') {
				nowi[0] = i;
				nowj[0] = j;
				city[i][j] = '.';
			}
			if (city[i][j] >= '0'&&city[i][j] <= '9') {
				nowi[city[i][j] - '0'] = i;
				nowj[city[i][j] - '0'] = j;
			}
		}
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
		step[i] = -1;
	}
	map<int, int>visited;
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
		visited.clear();
		visited[nowi[i] * w + nowj[i]] = 1;
		dfs(city, 0, false, nowi[i], nowj[i], i+1, visited);
	}
	int sum=0;
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
		sum += step[i];
	}
	cout << sum << endl;
	//system("pause");
	return 0;
}