Go: ///
// File:  0558.go
// Author: ymiyamoto
//
// Created on Sun Mar  4 20:58:45 2018
//
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
)

type pos struct {
	x, y int
}

var H, W, N int
var graph [][]string

func wfs(p pos, index int) (int, pos) {
	var q []pos
	dists := make([][]int, H)
	for i := range dists {
		dists[i] = make([]int, W)
	}

	q = append(q, p)
	for len(q) > 0 {
		p := q[0]
		dist := dists[p.x][p.y]
		q = q[1:]

		for _, d := range []pos{{-1, 0}, {1, 0}, {0, -1}, {0, 1}} {
			x := p.x + d.x
			y := p.y + d.y
			if 0 <= x && x < H && 0 <= y && y < W && graph[x][y] != "X" && dists[x][y] == 0 {
				dists[x][y] = dist + 1
				q = append(q, pos{x, y})
			}
		}
	}

	for i := range graph {
		for j := range graph[i] {
			if graph[i][j] == strconv.Itoa(index) {
				return dists[i][j], pos{i, j}
			}
		}
	}

	panic("not found")
}

func main() {
	fmt.Scan(&H, &W, &N)

	var start pos

	graph = make([][]string, H)
	for i := range graph {
		var s string
		fmt.Scan(&s)
		graph[i] = strings.Split(s, "")
		for j := range graph[i] {
			if graph[i][j] == "S" {
				start.x = i
				start.y = j
			}
		}
	}

	count := 0
	for i := 1; i <= N; i++ {
		c, s := wfs(start, i)
		start = s
		count += c
	}

	fmt.Println(count)
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <limits>
#include <queue>

using namespace std;

const int MAX_W = 1000;
const int MAX_H = 1000;
const int MAX_N = 9;

typedef pair<int, int> P;

int H,W,N;
char field[MAX_H][MAX_W];
int dist[MAX_H][MAX_W];

queue<P> que;

using limits = std::numeric_limits<int>;


void getStatus(int y, int x, int min_dist){
    for(int i = 0; i< H; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < W; j++) {
            if( i == y && j == x){
                cout << "$";
            }else {
                cout << field[i][j];
            }
        }
        cout << endl;
    }
    cout << "-------------min_dist:" << min_dist << endl;
}


int bfs(int goal){

    int gx,gy;

    while( que.size()){
        P p = que.front(); que.pop();
        int a = p.first;
        int b  = p.second;

        if( atoi(&field[p.first][p.second]) == goal ) { gy = p.first; gx = p.second; break; }

        int dx[4] = {1,0,-1,0}, dy[4] = {0,1,0,-1};

        for(int i=0; i< 4; i++){

            int ny = p.first + dy[i],
                nx = p.second+ dx[i];

            if( 0 <= nx
                && nx < W
                && 0<= ny
                && ny < H
                && field[ny][nx] != 'X'
                && dist[ny][nx] ==  limits::infinity() ){

                que.push(P(ny,nx) );
                dist[ny][nx] = dist[p.first][p.second] + 1;

            }
        }
       // getStatus(p.first,p.second,dist[p.first][p.second]);
    }

    return dist[gy][gx];
}


void init_dist(){
    for(int i=0; i< H; i++){
        for(int j=0; j<W; j++){
            dist[i][j] = limits::infinity();
        }
    }
    queue<P>().swap(que);

}


void solve(){
    int sum = 0;
    for(int i = 0; i< H; i++){
        for(int j = 0; j< W; j++){

            if( field[i][j] == 'S'){
                init_dist();
                que.push(P(i,j));
                dist[i][j] = 0;
                sum += bfs(1);
            }

            for(int k = 1; k<N; k++){
                if( atoi(&field[i][j]) == k ) {
                    init_dist();
                    que.push(P(i,j));
                    dist[i][j] = 0;
                    sum+=bfs(k+1);
                }

            }
        }
    }

    cout << sum << endl;

}



int main() {

    while(1){

        string line;
        cin >> H >> W >> N;cin.ignore();
        if( H == 0 && W == 0 ){
            break;
        }


        for(int i = 0; i< H; i++){
            getline(cin,line);
            for(int j = 0; j< W; j++){
                field[i][j] = line[j];
            }
        }

        solve();

    }

    return 0;
}

/*
10 10 9
.X...X.S.X
6..5X..X1X
...XXXX..X
X..9X...X.
8.X2X..X3X
...XX.X4..
XX....7X..
X..X..XX..
X...X.XX..
..X.......
 */

C++: #include <queue>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

#define INF (1 << 26)

const int dx[4] = { -1, 0, 1, 0 };
const int dy[4] = { 0, 1, 0, -1 };

int main()
{
	int H, W, N;

	cin >> H >> W >> N;

	vector<string> D(H);

	for (int i = 0; i < H; i++)
		cin >> D[i];

	int route = 0;

	for (int i = 1; i <= N; i++)
	{
		queue<pair<int, int> > que;

		vector<vector<int> > memo(H, vector<int>(W, INF));

		char start;

		if (i == 1)
		{
			start = 'S';
		}
		else
		{
			start = i + 47;
		}

		pair<int, int> start_;

		for (int j = 0; j < H; j++)
		{
			for (int k = 0; k < W; k++)
			{
				if (D[j][k] == start)
				{
					start_.first = k;
					start_.second = j;
				}
			}
		}

		que.push(start_);

		memo[start_.second][start_.first] = route;

		while (que.size())
		{
			pair<int, int> place = que.front(); que.pop();

			int x, y;

			x = place.first;
			y = place.second;

			for (int dir = 0; dir < 4; dir++)
			{
				if (0 <= x + dx[dir] && x + dx[dir] < W && 0 <= y + dy[dir] && y + dy[dir] < H)
				{
					if (D[y + dy[dir]][x + dx[dir]] != 'X' && memo[y + dy[dir]][x + dx[dir]] == INF)
					{
						place.first = x + dx[dir];
						place.second = y + dy[dir];

						que.push(place);

						memo[y + dy[dir]][x + dx[dir]] = memo[y][x] + 1;

						if (D[y + dy[dir]][x + dx[dir]] - 48 == i)
						{
							route += memo[y][x] + 1;

							goto Exit;
						}
					}
				}
			}
		}

	Exit:;
	}

	cout << route << endl;

	return 0;
}