Go: ///
// File:  0558.go
// Author: ymiyamoto
//
// Created on Sun Mar  4 20:58:45 2018
//
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
)

type pos struct {
	x, y int
}

var H, W, N int
var graph [][]string

func wfs(p pos, index int) (int, pos) {
	var q []pos
	dists := make([][]int, H)
	for i := range dists {
		dists[i] = make([]int, W)
	}

	q = append(q, p)
	for len(q) > 0 {
		p := q[0]
		dist := dists[p.x][p.y]
		q = q[1:]

		for _, d := range []pos{{-1, 0}, {1, 0}, {0, -1}, {0, 1}} {
			x := p.x + d.x
			y := p.y + d.y
			if 0 <= x && x < H && 0 <= y && y < W && graph[x][y] != "X" && dists[x][y] == 0 {
				dists[x][y] = dist + 1
				q = append(q, pos{x, y})
			}
		}
	}

	for i := range graph {
		for j := range graph[i] {
			if graph[i][j] == strconv.Itoa(index) {
				return dists[i][j], pos{i, j}
			}
		}
	}

	panic("not found")
}

func main() {
	fmt.Scan(&H, &W, &N)

	var start pos

	graph = make([][]string, H)
	for i := range graph {
		var s string
		fmt.Scan(&s)
		graph[i] = strings.Split(s, "")
		for j := range graph[i] {
			if graph[i][j] == "S" {
				start.x = i
				start.y = j
			}
		}
	}

	count := 0
	for i := 1; i <= N; i++ {
		c, s := wfs(start, i)
		start = s
		count += c
	}

	fmt.Println(count)
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <queue>
using namespace std;
typedef pair<int,int> P;

int main(){
      //declare
      int w,h,n,solve=0;
      P cheese[9];
      int dx[] = {0,1,-1,0},dy[]={1,0,0,-1};
      queue<P> que;
      cin >> h>> w>> n;
      char d[1005][1005];
      int dis[1005][1005];

      //input
      for(int i=0;i<h;i++)
      {
            for(int j=0;j<w;j++)
            {
                  cin>>d[i][j];
                  if('1'<=d[i][j]&&'9'>=d[i][j])
                        cheese[d[i][j]-'0'] = make_pair(i,j);
                  else if(d[i][j]=='S')
                        cheese[0] = make_pair(i,j);
            }
      }
      //for(int i = 0;i<n;i++)cout<<"cheese:"<<cheese[i].first<<' '<<cheese[i].second<<endl;

      //solve
      for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
      {
            queue<P> que;
            for(int a=0;a<h;a++)for(int b=0;b<w;b++)dis[a][b]=-1;
            dis[cheese[i].first][cheese[i].second]=0;
            que.push(cheese[i]);
            while(!que.empty())
            {
                  P p = que.front();que.pop();
                  if(p == cheese[i+1])// judge whether distination
                  {
                        solve += dis[p.first][p.second];
                        break;
                  }
                  for(int j = 0;j < 4;j++)
                  {
                        int nx = p.first + dx[j];
                        int ny = p.second+ dy[j];
                        if(0<=nx&&nx<h&&0<=ny&&ny<w&&d[nx][ny]!='X'&&dis[nx][ny]==-1)
                        {
                              dis[nx][ny] = dis[p.first][p.second]+1;
                              que.push(make_pair(nx,ny));
                        }

                  }
            }
            /*
            cout << endl;
            for(int i = 0;i<h;i++)
            {
                  for(int j= 0;j<w;j++)
                        cout << dis[i][j] << ' ';
                  cout<<endl;
            }
            cout << endl;
            */

      }
      cout << solve << endl;
}

C++: #include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<cstring>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;

#define MAX 200
int y[MAX][MAX];
int x[MAX][MAX];
int px[10];
int py[10];
int main(){
	memset(y,127,sizeof(y));
	char T[12]={'.','1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9','S','X'};
	int n,m,c,d,sum;
	string S;
	sum=0;
	cin>>n>>m>>c;
	for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
		cin>>S;
		for(int j=0;j<m;j++){
			for(int k=0;k<12;k++){
				if(S[j]==T[k]){
					x[i][j]=k;
					if(k==10){
						y[i][j]=0;
					}
					if(k>=1 && k<=9){
						px[k]=i;
						py[k]=j;
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}
	for(int i=1;i<=c;i++){
		memset(y,127,sizeof(y));
		for(int j=0;j<n*m;j++){
			for(int k=0;k<n;k++){
				for(int l=0;l<m;l++){
					if(k>=1){
						if(x[k-1][l]!=11){
							y[k-1][l]=min(y[k-1][l],y[k][l]+1);
						}
					}
					if(l>=1){
						if(x[k][l-1]!=11){
							y[k][l-1]=min(y[k][l-1],y[k][l]+1);
						}
					}
					if(x[k+1][l]!=11){
						y[k+1][l]=min(y[k+1][l],y[k][l]+1);
					}
					if(x[k][l+1]!=11){
						y[k][l+1]=min(y[k][l+1],y[k][l]+1);
					}
				}
			}
		}
		sum += y[px[i]][py[i]];
	}
	cout<<sum<<endl;
	return 0;
}

C++: #include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <map>
#include <sstream>
#include <functional>
#include <numeric>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstring>
#include <cstdio>
#include <queue>
#include <stack>
#include <set>

using namespace std;

#define ALL(co) co.begin(), co.end()
#define tpl(...) make_tuple(__VA_ARGS__)

typedef long long LL;
typedef pair<int, int> P; typedef pair<P, int> PI; typedef pair<P, P> PP;
typedef vector<int> Array; typedef vector<vector<int> > Array2;
typedef vector<LL> LArray; typedef vector<P> PArray; typedef vector<string> SArray;

const int INF = 1 << 29;
const LL LINF = 1LL << 60;

inline int getInt() { int itiv; return (cin >> itiv, itiv); }
template <typename T> void readAll(vector<T>& vec) { for (int i = 0, size = vec.size(); i < size; i++) cin >> vec[i]; }
template <typename T, typename U> void readAll(vector<pair<T, U> >& vec) { for (int i = 0, size = vec.size(); i < size; i++) cin >> vec[i].first >> vec[i].second; }
template < typename T > inline string toString( const T &a ){ ostringstream oss; oss << a; return oss.str(); };
inline bool between(int min, int max, int n) { return min <= n && n <= max; }
inline bool inRange(int begin, int end, int n) { return begin <= n && n < end; }
inline bool inRange(int size, int n) { return 0 <= n && n < size; }

int dx[] = { -1, 0, 1, 0 }, dy[] = { 0, -1, 0, 1 };
int dr[] = { 0, -1, 0, 1 }, dc[] = { -1, 0, 1, 0 };
bool visited[1000][1000];
char stage[1000][1000];
int h, w, n;

int main(void)
{
	ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
	while(cin >> h >> w >> n && n)
	{
		PArray goals(n + 1);
		for (int i = 0; i < h; i++)
		{
			for (int j = 0; j < w; j++)
			{
				cin >> stage[i][j];
				if(stage[i][j] == 'S') goals[0] = P(i, j);
				int num = stage[i][j] - '0';
				if(inRange(n + 1, num)) goals[num] = P(i, j);
			}
		}

		int ans = 0;
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
		{
			P start = goals[i], goal = goals[i + 1];
			memset(visited, false, sizeof(visited));
			queue<PI> que;
			que.push(PI(start, 0));
			while (!que.empty())
			{
				PI pi = que.front(); que.pop();
				if(goal == pi.first)
				{
					ans += pi.second;
					break;
				}
				int r = pi.first.first, c = pi.first.second;

				for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
				{
					int nr = r + dr[i], nc = c + dc[i];
					if(!inRange(h, nr) || !inRange(w, nc) || stage[nr][nc] == 'X' || visited[nr][nc]) continue;
					que.push(PI(P(nr, nc), pi.second + 1));
					visited[r][c] = true;
				}
			}
		}
		cout << ans << endl;
	}
	return 0;
}