Go: // BFS

package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"os"
		"fmt"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
)

var scanner = bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)

var p = [15]int{}
var g = [13][4]int {
	// -1は存在しないマス目
	{2,-1,-1,-1},
	{2,5,-1,-1},{0,1,3,6},{2,7,-1,-1},
	{5,-1,-1,-1},{1,4,6,9},{2,5,7,10},{3,6,8,11},{7,-1,-1,-1},
	{5,10,-1,-1},{6,9,11,12},{7,10,-1,-1},
	{10,-1,-1,-1},
}

/*
　  ０ １ ２ ３ ４
 0 |／|／|  |／|／|
 1 |／|　|  |　|／|
 2 |　|　|  |　|　|
 3 |／|　|  |　|／|
 4 |／|／|  |／|／|
*/

var row = [13]int{0,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,3,3,3,4}
var col = [13]int{2,1,2,3,0,1,2,3,4,1,2,3,2}

type wolf struct {
	m [13]int
}

type pair struct {
	first wolf
	second int
}

func abs(a int) int {
	if a < 0 {
		return -a
	}
	return a
}

func print_board(board [13]int) {
	fmt.Println("--------------------------")
	fmt.Printf("        [%2d]\n", board[0])
	fmt.Printf("    [%2d][%2d][%2d]\n", board[1], board[2], board[3])
	fmt.Printf("[%2d][%2d][%2d][%2d][%2d]\n", board[4], board[5], board[6], board[7], board[8])
	fmt.Printf("    [%2d][%2d][%2d]\n", board[9], board[10], board[11])
	fmt.Printf("        [%2d]\n", board[12])
	fmt.Println("--------------------------")
}

func main() {
	for scanner.Scan() {
		p1, _ := strconv.Atoi(scanner.Text())
		if p1 == -1 {
			break
		}
		p[0]= p1
		scanner.Scan()
		buf1 := strings.Split(scanner.Text(), " ")
		p2, _ := strconv.Atoi(buf1[0])
		p3, _ := strconv.Atoi(buf1[1])
		p4, _ := strconv.Atoi(buf1[2])
		p[1], p[2], p[3] = p2, p3, p4
		scanner.Scan()
		buf2 := strings.Split(scanner.Text(), " ")
		p5, _ := strconv.Atoi(buf2[0])
		p6, _ := strconv.Atoi(buf2[1])
		p7, _ := strconv.Atoi(buf2[2])
		p8, _ := strconv.Atoi(buf2[3])
		p9, _ := strconv.Atoi(buf2[4])
		p[4], p[5], p[6], p[7], p[8] = p5, p6, p7, p8, p9
		scanner.Scan()
		buf3 := strings.Split(scanner.Text(), " ")
		p10, _ := strconv.Atoi(buf3[0])
		p11, _ := strconv.Atoi(buf3[1])
		p12, _ := strconv.Atoi(buf3[2])
		p[9], p[10], p[11] = p10, p11, p12
		scanner.Scan()
		p13, _ := strconv.Atoi(scanner.Text())
		p[12] = p13
		S := make(map[wolf]struct{})
		st := wolf{}
		for i := 0; i < 13; i++ {
			st.m[i] = p[i]
		}
		Q := make([]pair, 0)
		S[st] = struct{}{}
		Q = append(Q, pair{st, 0})
		yet := true
		for len(Q) > 0 {
			at := Q[0].first
			print_board(at.m)
			cost := Q[0].second
			Q = Q[1:]
			ok := true
			for i :=1; i < 12; i++ {
				if at.m[i] != i {
					ok = false
				}
			}
			if ok {
				print_board(at.m)
				yet = false
				fmt.Println(cost)
				break
			}
			now := cost
			for i := 0; i < 13; i++ {
				if at.m[i] != 0 {
					now += abs(row[i]-row[at.m[i]]) + abs(col[i]-col[at.m[i]])
				}
			}
			if now > 20 {
				continue
			}
			for i := 0; i < 13; i++ {
				if at.m[i] == 0 {
					for j := 0; j < 4; j++ {
						if ^g[i][j] != 0 {
							at.m[i], at.m[g[i][j]] = at.m[g[i][j]], at.m[i]
							if _, ok := S[at]; !ok {
								S[at] = struct{}{}
								Q = append(Q, pair{at, cost+1})
							}
							at.m[i], at.m[g[i][j]] = at.m[g[i][j]], at.m[i]
						}
					}
				}
			}
		}
		if yet {
			fmt.Println("NA")
		}
	}
}

C++: #include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
#include<vector>
#include<queue>
#include<unordered_map>
#include<unordered_set>
#define lol(i,n) for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
#define mod 1000000007
typedef long long ll;
using namespace std;
int dx[13][4]={
  {3,0,0,0},
  {3,6,0,0},
  {1,2,4,7},
  {3,8,0,0},
  {6,0,0,0},
  {2,5,7,10},
  {3,6,8,11},
  {4,7,9,12},
  {8,0,0,0},
  {6,11,0,0},
  {7,10,12,13},
  {8,11,0,0},
  {11,0,0,0}
};
unordered_map<ll,int> mp;
ll Compress(int p[]){
  ll ans=0;
  for(int i=0;i<13;i++){
    ans*=13;
    ans+=p[i];
  }
  return ans;
}
 
int unzip[13];
void Unzip(ll x){
  for(int i=0;i<13;i++){
    unzip[12-i]=x%13;
    x/=13;
  }
}
 
int beflen=0;
unordered_set<ll> vist;
queue<pair<ll,int> >Q;
void BFS(int p[],int len){
  //if(len!=beflen){cout<<len<<endl;beflen=len;}
  ll tmp=Compress(p);
  mp[tmp]=len;
  if(len==13)return;
  lol(i,13){
    if(p[i]==0){
      lol(j,4){
    int t=dx[i][j];
    if(t==0)break;
    t--;
    if(p[t]!=0){
      swap(p[i],p[t]);
      tmp=Compress(p);
      if(vist.find(tmp)!=vist.end())continue;
      vist.insert(tmp);
      Q.push(make_pair(tmp,len+1));
      swap(p[i],p[t]);
    }
      }
    }
  }
}
 
unordered_set<ll> st;
int ans;
void EFS(int p[],int len){
  //if(len!=beflen){cout<<len<<endl;beflen=len;}
  ll tmp=Compress(p);
  if(vist.find(tmp)!=vist.end()){
    ans=len+mp[tmp];
    return;
  }
  if(len==9)return;
  lol(i,13){
    if(p[i]==0){
      lol(j,4){
    int t=dx[i][j];
    if(t==0)break;
    t--;
    if(p[t]!=0){
      swap(p[i],p[t]);
      tmp=Compress(p);
      if(st.find(tmp)!=st.end())continue;
      st.insert(tmp);
      Q.push(make_pair(tmp,len+1));
      swap(p[i],p[t]);
    }
      }
    }
  }
}
int main(){
  int p[13];
  lol(i,13)p[i]=i;p[12]=0;
  Q.push(make_pair(Compress(p),0));
  while(!Q.empty()){
    ll data=Q.front().first;
    int len=Q.front().second;
    Q.pop();
    if(mp[data]>0)continue;
    Unzip(data);
    BFS(unzip,len);
  }
  //cout<<"#"<<mp.size()<<endl;
  while(cin>>p[0]&&p[0]!=-1){
    for(int i=1;i<13;i++)cin>>p[i];
    ans=mod;
    Q.push(make_pair(Compress(p),0));
    while(!Q.empty()){
      ll data=Q.front().first;
      int len=Q.front().second;
      Q.pop();
      if(ans!=mod)continue;
      if(st.find(data)!=st.end())continue;
      st.insert(data);
      Unzip(data);
      EFS(unzip,len);
    }
    st.clear();
    if(ans>20)cout<<"NA"<<endl;
    else cout<<ans<<endl;
  }
  return 0;
}

C++: #include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
  
typedef long long int64;
const int INF = 1 << 30;
  
vector< int > edge[13];
map< string, int > memo;
 
bool back(string str, int cnt){ //枝刈り大事だな
  static int dist[] = { 0, 2, 1, 2, 4, 3, 2, 3, 4, 2, 1, 2, 0};
  static int fuee[] = { 2, 0, 1, 2, 2, 1, 2, 3, 4, 2, 3, 4, 4};
  static int fuga[] = { 1, 1, 0, 1, 3, 2, 1, 2, 3, 3, 2, 3, 3};
 
  int foo1 = 0, foo2 = 0, foo3;
  for(int i = 0; i < 13; i++){
    if(str[i] == '0') foo1 += dist[i];
    else if(str[i] == '1') foo2 += fuee[i];
    else if(str[i] == '2') foo3 += fuga[i];
  }
  return cnt + foo1 > 20 || cnt + foo2 > 20 || cnt + foo3 > 20;
}
 
 
int bfs(string mas){
 
  queue< string > que;
  map< string , int > used;
  que.push( mas );
  memo[mas] = 0;
  while(!que.empty()){
 
    string p = que.front(); que.pop();
    if(back( p, memo[p])) break;
    if(p == "0123456789AB0") return memo[p];
 
    for(int i = 0; i < 13; i++){
      if(p[i] == '0') {
        for(int j = 0; j < edge[i].size(); j++){
          string next = p;
          swap( next[i], next[edge[i][j]]);
          if(memo.find(next) != memo.end()) continue;
          que.push( next );
          memo[next] = memo[p] + 1;
        }
      }
    }
  }
  return -1;
}
 
int main(){
  vector< int > mas(13);
 
  edge[0].push_back(2);
  edge[1].push_back(2); edge[1].push_back(4);
  edge[2].push_back(0); edge[2].push_back(1); edge[2].push_back(3); edge[2].push_back(6);
  edge[3].push_back(2); edge[3].push_back(7);
  edge[4].push_back(5);
  edge[5].push_back(1); edge[5].push_back(4); edge[5].push_back(6); edge[5].push_back(9);
  edge[6].push_back(2); edge[6].push_back(5); edge[6].push_back(7); edge[6].push_back(10);
  edge[7].push_back(3); edge[7].push_back(6); edge[7].push_back(8); edge[7].push_back(11);
  edge[8].push_back(7);
  edge[9].push_back(5); edge[9].push_back(10);
  edge[10].push_back(6); edge[10].push_back(9); edge[10].push_back(11); edge[10].push_back(12);
  edge[11].push_back(7); edge[11].push_back(10);
  edge[12].push_back(10);
 
  while(cin >> mas[0], mas[0] != -1){
    for(int i = 1; i < 13; i++){
      cin >> mas[i];
    }
 
    string start = "";
    for(int i = 0; i < 13; i++){
      if(mas[i] >= 10) start += (char)(mas[i] - 10 + 'A');
      else start += mas[i] + '0';
    }
    int ret = bfs(start);
    if(~ret) cout << ret << endl;
    else cout << "NA" << endl;
 
    memo.clear();
  }
}