古柯属（学名：Erythroxylum）是古柯科下的一个属，为灌木或小乔木植物。该属共有古柯等250种，分布于热带、亚热带地区，部分種可製毒。

物种
本属包括以下物种：
 Erythroxylon areolatum Linnaeus, 1759
 Erythroxylum acrobeles Gentner
 Erythroxylum acuminatum Ruiz & Pav.
 Erythroxylum acutifolium Steud. ex O.E.Schulz, 1907
 Erythroxylum acutum Gentner
 Erythroxylum aerolatum L.
 Erythroxylum affine A.St.-Hil.
 Erythroxylum alaternifolium A.Rich.
 Erythroxylum amazonicum Peyr.
 Erythroxylum ambiguum Peyr.
 Erythroxylum americanum Fisch. ex Steud.
 Erythroxylum amplifolium Baill.
 Erythroxylum amplum Benth.
 Erythroxylum andrei Plowman
 Erythroxylum angelicae Loiola
 Erythroxylum anguifugum C.Mart.
 Erythroxylum annamense Tardieu
 Erythroxylum apiculatum Diogo
 Erythroxylum areolatum Billb. ex Beurl.
 Erythroxylum areolatum L.
 Erythroxylum argentinum O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum armatum Oviedo & Borhidi
 Erythroxylum arrajodoi O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum arrojadoi O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum australe F.Muell.
 Erythroxylum ayrtonianum Loiola & M.F.Sales
 Erythroxylum banaoense Oviedo
 Erythroxylum bangii Rusby
 Erythroxylum baracoense Borhidi
 Erythroxylum barbatum O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum bequaertii Standl.
 Erythroxylum betulaceum Mart.
 Erythroxylum bezerrae Plowman
 Erythroxylum bicolor O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum boinense H.Perrier
 Erythroxylum boivinianum Baill.
 Erythroxylum bradeanum O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum brennae D' Arcy & Schanen
 Erythroxylum brevipes DC.
 Erythroxylum buxifolium Lam.
 Erythroxylum buxus Peyr.
 Erythroxylum caatingae Plowman
 Erythroxylum calothamnus Lign. & Fig.
 Erythroxylum calyptratum Komada & Tagane
 Erythroxylum cambodianum L.Pierre ex O.E.Schulz, 1907
 Erythroxylum cambodianum Pierre
 Erythroxylum campestre A.St.-Hil.
 Erythroxylum campinense Amaral
 Erythroxylum capitatum Baker
 Erythroxylum carajasense (Plowman) Costa-Lima
 Erythroxylum cassinoides Planch. & Linden ex Triana & Planch.
 Erythroxylum cataractarum Spruce ex Peyr.
 Erythroxylum catharinense Amaral
 Erythroxylum catuaba A.J.Silva ex Raym.-Hamet
 Erythroxylum chilpe E.Machado, 1972
 Erythroxylum cincinnatum Mart.
 Erythroxylum citrifolium A.St.-Hil.
 Erythroxylum clarense Borhidi
 药古柯 Erythroxylum coca Lam.
 Erythroxylum coelophlebium Mart.
 Erythroxylum coffeifolium Baill.
 Erythroxylum cogolloi Jara
 Erythroxylum columbinum Mart.
 Erythroxylum compressum Peyr.
 Erythroxylum concinnatum Pritz.
 Erythroxylum confusum Britton
 Erythroxylum cordato-ovatum Huber
 Erythroxylum coriaceum Britton & P.Wilson
 Erythroxylum corymbosum Boivin ex Baill.
 Erythroxylum couveleense Guillaumin
 Erythroxylum cryptanthum O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum cumanense Kunth
 Erythroxylum cuneatum (Miq.) Kurz
 Erythroxylum cuneifolioides E.W.Berry
 Erythroxylum cuneifolium (Mart.) O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum cuspidifolium Mart.
 Erythroxylum cyclophyllum O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum cymosum Lign. & Bey
 Erythroxylum daphnites Mart.
 Erythroxylum davidii D' Arcy & Schanen
 Erythroxylum deciduum A.St.-Hil.
 Erythroxylum dekindtii (Engl.) O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum delagoense Schinz
 Erythroxylum densiflorum Bong. ex O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum densum Rusby
 Erythroxylum dillonii Plowman ex Jara
 Erythroxylum discolor Bojer
 Erythroxylum distortum Mart.
 Erythroxylum divaricatum Peyr.
 Erythroxylum domingense Oviedo
 Erythroxylum dumosum Alain
 Erythroxylum ecarinatum Hochr.
 Erythroxylum echinodendron Ekman
 Erythroxylum echinodendron Ekman ex Urb.
 Erythroxylum elegans Baill.
 Erythroxylum ellipticum R.Br. ex Benth.
 Erythroxylum emarginatum Thonn.
 Erythroxylum engleri O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum falletenianum A.St.-Hil.
 Erythroxylum ferrugineum Cav.
 Erythroxylum fimbriatum Peyr.
 Erythroxylum firmum Baker
 Erythroxylum fischeri Engl.
 Erythroxylum flaccidum Salzm. ex Peyr.
 Erythroxylum flavicans Borhidi
 Erythroxylum fluminense Bong. ex O.E.Schulz, 1907
 Erythroxylum foetidum Plowman
 Erythroxylum frangulifolium A.St.-Hil.
 Erythroxylum gaudichaudii Peyr.
 Erythroxylum gentryi Jara
 Erythroxylum gerrardii Baker
 Erythroxylum glaucoclados Peyr.
 Erythroxylum glaucum O.E.Schulz.
 Erythroxylum glazioui O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum glaziovii O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum gonoclados (Mart.) O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum gonocladum (Mart.) O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum gracile O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum gracilipes Peyr.
 Erythroxylum grandifolium Peyr.
 Erythroxylum grisebachii Peyr.
 Erythroxylum guanchezii Plowman
 Erythroxylum guatemalense Lundell
 Erythroxylum hamigerum O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum haughtii Gentner
 Erythroxylum havanense Jacq.
 Erythroxylum hondense Kunth
 Erythroxylum horridum Borhidi & Oviedo
 Erythroxylum hypericifolium Lam.
 Erythroxylum hypoleucum Plowman
 Erythroxylum impressum O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum incrassatum O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum itan Costa-Lima & E.C.O.Chagas
 Erythroxylum jaimei Jara
 Erythroxylum jamaicense Fawc. & Rendle
 Erythroxylum kanga Costa-Lima & E.C.O.Chagas
 Erythroxylum kapplerianum Peyr.
 Erythroxylum kassneri (Engl.) E.Phillips
 Erythroxylum kochummenii Ng
 Erythroxylum laetevirens O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum lanceolatum (Wight) Walp.
 Erythroxylum lanceum Bojer
 Erythroxylum lancifolium Peyr.
 Erythroxylum laurel Baill.
 Erythroxylum laurifolium Lam.
 Erythroxylum leal-costae Plowman
 Erythroxylum leandrianum Payens
 Erythroxylum lenticellosum Huber
 Erythroxylum leptoneurum O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum ligustrinum DC.
 Erythroxylum lindemanii Plowman
 Erythroxylum lineolatum DC.
 Erythroxylum loefgrenii Diogo
 Erythroxylum lofgrenii Diogo
 Erythroxylum longifolium Cav.
 Erythroxylum longipes O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum longisetulosum Loiola & M.F.Sales
 Erythroxylum loretense Plowman
 Erythroxylum lygoides O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum macrocalyx Mart.
 Erythroxylum macrocarpum O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum macrochaetum Miq.
 Erythroxylum macrophyllum Cav.
 Erythroxylum magnoliifolium A.St.-Hil.
 Erythroxylum mamacoca C.Mart.
 Erythroxylum mamacova Mart.
 Erythroxylum mangorense H.Perrier
 Erythroxylum mannii Oliv.
 Erythroxylum maracasense Plowman
 Erythroxylum marginatum Lign. & Fig.
 Erythroxylum martii Peyr.
 Erythroxylum mattos-silvae Plowman
 Erythroxylum membranaceum Plowman
 Erythroxylum mexicanum Kunth
 Erythroxylum microphyllum A.St.-Hil.
 Erythroxylum mikanii Peyr.
 Erythroxylum minutifolium Griseb.
 Erythroxylum mocquerysii A.DC.
 Erythroxylum mogotense Oviedo
 Erythroxylum monogynum Roxb.
 Erythroxylum moonii Hochr.
 Erythroxylum mucronatum Benth.
 Erythroxylum myrsinites Mart.
 Erythroxylum nelson-rosae Plowman
 Erythroxylum niquelandense M.J.Silva & Loiola
 Erythroxylum nitidulum Baker
 Erythroxylum nitidum Spreng.
 Erythroxylum niziae Loiola & L.S.Cordeiro
 Erythroxylum nobile O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum nordestinum Costa-Lima, Loiola & M.Alves
 Erythroxylum nossibeense Baill.
 古柯 Erythroxylum novocaledonicum O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum novogranatense (Morris) Hieron.
 Erythroxylum nummularia Peyr.
 Erythroxylum obovatum M.Gómez, 1890
 Erythroxylum obtusifolium (Wight) Hook.fil.
 Erythroxylum occultum Plowman
 Erythroxylum ochranthum Mart.
 Erythroxylum opacum Rusby
 Erythroxylum oreophilum (O.E.Schulz ex Pilg.) Steyerm. & Maguire
 Erythroxylum orinocense Klotzsch
 Erythroxylum ovalifolium Peyr.
 Erythroxylum oxycarpum O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum oxypetalum O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum pachyneurum O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum pacificum D.R.Simpson
 Erythroxylum panamense Turcz.
 Erythroxylum paraguariense (Chodat & Hassl.) O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum parishii (Hook.f.)
 Erythroxylum parvillei Baillon
 Erythroxylum parvistipulatum Peyr.
 Erythroxylum passerinum Mart.
 Erythroxylum patentissimum O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum pauciflorum Rusby
 Erythroxylum pauferrense Plowman
 Erythroxylum pedicellare (Griseb.) O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum pelleterianum A.St.-Hil.
 Erythroxylum perrotianum A.Chev.
 Erythroxylum pervillei Baill.
 Erythroxylum petrae-caballi Plowman
 Erythroxylum pictum E.Mey.
 Erythroxylum pictum E.Mey. ex Harv. & Sond.
 Erythroxylum platyclados Bojer
 Erythroxylum platycladum Bojer
 Erythroxylum plowmanianum Cogollo & Pipoly
 Erythroxylum plowmanii Amaral
 Erythroxylum polygonoides Mart.
 Erythroxylum popayanense Kunth
 Erythroxylum pringlei Rose
 Erythroxylum pruinosum O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum pulchrum A.St.-Hil.
 Erythroxylum pungens O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum pyan Costa-Lima
 Erythroxylum pyrifolium Baker
 Erythroxylum raimondii O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum reticulatum Northr.
 Erythroxylum revolutum Mart.
 Erythroxylum rhodappendiculatum Costa-Lima
 Erythroxylum rignyanum Baill.
 Erythroxylum rimosum O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum riparium T.Araújo & Amorim
 Erythroxylum riverae Jara & J.D.García-Gonz.
 Erythroxylum roigii Britton & P.Wilson
 Erythroxylum roraimae Klotzsch
 Erythroxylum roraimae Klotzsch ex O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum rosuliferum O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum rotundifolium Lunan
 Erythroxylum rufum Cav.
 Erythroxylum ruizii Peyr.
 Erythroxylum ruryi Plowman
 Erythroxylum santosii Plowman
 Erythroxylum sarawakanum R.C.K.Chung
 Erythroxylum schliebenii O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum schomburgkii Peyr.
 Erythroxylum schunkei Plowman
 Erythroxylum sechellarum O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum setosum Jara & F.Ávila
 Erythroxylum seyrigii H.Perrier
 Erythroxylum shatona J.F.Macbr.
 Erythroxylum sideroxyloides Lam.
 Erythroxylum simonis Plowman
 东方古柯 Erythroxylum sinense Wu
 Erythroxylum sobraleanum Loiola & L.S.Cordeiro
 Erythroxylum socotranum Thulin
 Erythroxylum sphaeranthum H.Perrier
 Erythroxylum splendidum Plowman
 Erythroxylum spruceanum Peyr.
 Erythroxylum squamatum Sw.
 Erythroxylum stenopetalum Costa-Lima
 Erythroxylum steyermarkii Plowman
 Erythroxylum stipulosum Plowman
 Erythroxylum striiflorum H.Perrier
 Erythroxylum striolatum O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum strobilaceum Peyr.
 Erythroxylum suberosum A.St.-Hil.
 Erythroxylum subglaucescens Mart. ex Peyr.
 Erythroxylum subglaucescens Peyr. ex O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum subracemosum Turcz.
 Erythroxylum subrotundum A.St.-Hil.
 Erythroxylum substriatum O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum surinamense Miq.
 Erythroxylum tapacuranum Costa-Lima
 Erythroxylum tenue Plowman
 Erythroxylum tianguanum Plowman
 Erythroxylum timothei Loiola & M.F.Sales
 Erythroxylum tortuosum Mart.
 Erythroxylum tucuruiense Plowman
 Erythroxylum ulei O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum umbrosum Costa-Lima & M.Alves
 Erythroxylum umbu Costa-Lima
 Erythroxylum undulatum Plowman
 Erythroxylum urbanii O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum vaccinifolium Mart.
 Erythroxylum vaginatum O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum vasquezii Plowman
 Erythroxylum vernicosum O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum wallichii O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum williamsii Standl. ex Plowman
 Erythroxylum xerophilum H.Perrier
 Erythroxylum zambesiacum N.Robson
 Erythroxylum zeylanicum O.E.Schulz
 Erythroxylum × peyritschii O.E.Schulz

参考文献 

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