侧鳃科（學名：），亦作側鰓海牛科，是分類學上海蛞蝓的一個科、海洋腹足綱軟體動物側鰓類支序的成員。過往是背楯目之下的一個科，現時是裸側類支序的成員。

侧鳃科的物种有一个突出的外套膜，其内壳在成年后会退化或完全消失。已经观察到一些成年物种以海鞘类为食。侧鳃科物种的幼虫可以是浮游性的（以浮游生物为食）、营养性的（从卵黄中获取营养）或直接发育的。

许多物种从其丰富的腺体外套膜中分泌出分泌物，作为对天敌的化学防御。甚至有报道说能产生硫酸。

分類
直到2005年，这个科都被置于背楯亞目中。然而，在“Bouchet和Rocroi 对腹足目的分类”（2005年）中，侧鳃科被置于侧鳃总科中，是侧鳃类（与裸鳃类是姐妹类）的惟一一科，是裸侧类的一部分。

以下為本科之下的屬和物種：
 Berthellina
 Berthellina citrina 
 Pleurobranchus
 Pleurobranchus forskalii 
 明月侧鳃 Euselenops luniceps

Pleurobranchinae亚科
Bathyberthella
Bathyberthella antarctica  Willan and Bertsch, 1987 
 侧鳃海蛞蝓属 Berthella de Blainville, 1824
Berthella africana  Pruvot-Fol, 1953 
Berthella agassizi MacFarland, 1909 
Berthella americana  A. E. Verrill, 1885 
Berthella aurantiaca  Risso, 1818 
Berthella caledonica  Dall, 1900  
Berthella californica  Dall, 1900  California sidegill slug
Berthella canariensis  Cervera, J.L., T.M. Gosliner, J.C. García-Gómez & J. Ortea, 2000 
Berthella elongata  Cantraine, 1835 
 马丁侧鳃海蛞蝓 Berthella martensi  Pilsbry, 1896 
Berthella medietas  R. Burn, 1962 
Berthella ocellata delle Chiaje, 1830 
Berthella ornata  T.F. Cheeseman, 1878 
Berthella patagonica  d'Orbigny, 1837 
Berthella platei  Bergh, 1898 
Berthella plumula Montagu, 1803 
Berthella sideralis  Lovén, 1846 
Berthella stellata  Risso, 1826 
Berthella strongi  MacFarland, 1966 
Berthella tamiu  Ev. Marcus, 1984 
Berthella tupala  Er. Marcus, 1957 
Berthellina  Gardiner, 1936 
Berthellina amarillus  Mattox, 1953 
Berthellina americanus  Verrill, 1885 
Berthellina circularis  Mörch, 1863 
Berthellina citrina  Rüppell & Leuckart, 1828  (synonym of Gymnotoplax citrina Er. Marcus, 1957 )
Berthellina delicata  W.H. Pease, 1861 
Berthellina edwardsi Vayssière, 1897 
Berthellina engeli  Gardiner, 1936 
Berthellina granulata (Krauss, 1848)
Berthellina ilisima  Marcus, Er. & Ev. Marcus, 1967 
Berthellina quadridens  Mörch, 1863  (junior synonym of Gymnotoplax quadridens)
 Boreoberthella Martynov & Schrödl, 2009
Bouvieria  Vayssière, 1896 : synonym of Berthella Blainville, 1824
Bouvieria auriantiaca Risso, 1813 
Bouvieria ocellata  S. delle Chiaje, 1828 
Bouvieria perforata   Philippi, 1844 
Gigantonotum: synonym of Berthella Blainville, 1824
Gigantonotum album  Lin, G. & S. Tchang, 1965 
Gymnotoplax  Pilsbry, 1896 : synonym of Berthella Blainville, 1824
Gymnotoplax citrina Er. Marcus, 1957 
Gymnotoplax engeli  Gardiner, 1936 
Gymnotoplax quadridens
Oscanius  Leach, 1847 : synonym of Pleurobranchus Cuvier, 1804
Oscanius tuberculatus Meckel, 1808 
Parabathyberthella: synonym of Bathyberthella Willan, 1983
Parabathyberthella eltanini  Dell, 1990 
Parabathyberthella orcadensis  Talavera, F.G., J.C. García-Gómez, J.S. Troncoso & J.L. Cervera, 1994 
Pleurehdera Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1970
Pleurehdera haraldi Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1970 
Pleurobranchus  Cuvier, 1805 
Polictenidia: synonym of Bathyberthella Willan, 1983
Polictenidia tomasi  Talavera, F.G., J.S. Troncoso, J.L. Cervera & J.C. García-Gómez, 1996 
Susania: synonym of Pleurobranchus Cuvier, 1804
Susania testudinaria  Cantraine, F.J., 1840  (synonym of Pleurobranchus testudinarius)
Tomthompsonia
Tomthompsonia antarctica  Thiele, 1912

無殼側鰓亞科
無殼側鰓亞科（Pleurobranchaeinae）現時被提升為無殼側鰓科（Pleurobranchaeidae ）。

參考資料

外部連結

 Richard C. Willan, Description of a New Pleurobranch (Opisthobranchia, Notaspidea) from Antarctic with a review of Notaspideans from South Polar Seas; The Veliger 29 (3), 1987 p. 292-302 

 
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