SoroushVahidi/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Easy Questions First? A Case Study on Curriculum Learning for Question Answering
(2016)

Cognitive science researchers have emphasized the importance of ordering a complex task into a sequence of easy to hard problems. Such an ordering provides an easier path to learning and increases the speed of acquisition of the task compared to conventional learning. Recent works in machine learning have explored a curriculum learning approach called selfpaced learning which orders data samples on the easiness scale so that easy samples can be introduced to the learning algorithm first and harder samples can be introduced successively. We introduce a number of heuristics that improve upon selfpaced learning. Then, we argue that incorporating easy, yet, a diverse set of samples can further improve learning. We compare these curriculum learning proposals in the context of four non-convex models for QA and show that they lead to real improvements in each of them.
Improving additive manufacturing by image processing and robotic milling
(2015)

This paper describes an improvement of Additive Manufacturing (AM) to process products with complex inner and outer geometries such as turbine blades by using a combination of AM, optical measuring techniques and robotics. One problem of AM is the rough surface caused by the layer-by-layer 3D printing with granular material, so the geometries need to be post-processed with milling techniques. To overcome this problem, we implement an inline quality control management to post-process several manufactured layers by a integrated imaging and robotic techniques, especially while the geometries are still accessible. The produced surfaces are measured by an inline stereo vision system and are compared with the real 3D CAD model data. Detected differences are translated to movements of a robot arm which then follows the contours to smoothen the surfaces with a milling tool. We show our current state on the 3D imaging, on developing the driver for the deployed robot arm and on a 3D simulation using the Robot Operating System (ROS).
Intelligent Detection System for e-banking Phishing websites using Fuzzy Data Mining
(2011)

Detecting and identifying e-banking Phishing websites is really a complex and dynamic problem involving many factors and criteria. Because of the subjective considerations and the ambiguities involved in the detection, Fuzzy Data Mining Techniques can be an effective tool in assessing and identifying e-banking phishing websites since it offers a more natural way of dealing with quality factors rather than exact values. In this paper, we present novel approach to overcome the „fuzziness‟ in the e-banking phishing website assessment and propose an intelligent resilient and effective model for detecting e-banking phishing websites. The proposed model is based on Fuzzy logic combined with Data Mining algorithms to characterize the e-banking phishing website factors and to investigate its techniques by classifying there phishing types and defining six e-banking phishing website attack criteria‟s with a layer structure. A Case study was applied to illustrate and simulate the phishing process. Our experimental results showed the significance and importance of the e-banking phishing website criteria (URL & Domain Identity) represented by layer one, and the variety influence of the phishing characteristic layers on the final e-banking phishing website rate. KeywordsPhishing, Fuzzy Logic, Data Mining, Classification, association, apriori, e-banking risk assessment
Watermarking, Tamper-Proofing, and Obfuscation-Tools for Software Protection
(2002)

We identify three types of attack on the intellectual property contained in software, and three corresponding technical defenses. A potent defense against reverse engineering is obfuscation, a process that renders software unintelligible but still functional. A defense against software piracy is watermarking, a process that makes it possible to determine the origin of software. A defense against tampering is tamper-proofing, so that unauthorized modifications to software (for example to remove a watermark) will result in non-functional code. We briefly survey the available technology for each type of defense.
A multidisciplinary approach to 3D survey and reconstruction of historical buildings
(2013)

The aim of this research is to suggest a methodology based on 3D survey and reconstructive modeling, suitable to increase the actual knowledge of an historical building and supporting its historical interpretation. The case study used for testing the proposed methodology is the huge Chartreuse of Pavia, with a special focus on a relatively unexplored portion of the monument. The survey, based on 3D laser scanning and orthoimages, integrated by historical studies and other complementary information (thermoluminescence dating, IR imaging, hystorical analysis), allowed to read all the architectural aspects hidden in this highly architecturally stratified monument, improving in this way the comprehension of the building's transformations in time. A 3D reconstruction approach was then suggested, merging several information of different nature, from the actual geometry of the building to the interpretation of historical documents, suggesting a sequence of diachronic models as virtual narration of the historical evolution. On other hand the 3D models were used to obtain a cross-validation of the historical evolution hypotheses developed by experts in the various disciplines involved in the project. The data collected were exploited through a web portal in order to enhance the readability of tangible and intangible heritage associated to that Chartreuse portion, nowadays not accessible to common public.
Design and Validation of Computer Protocols
(2003)

This report aims at giving a short overview on rank function analysis of authentication protocols concentrating on the results of Schneider in [4] and Heather in [2]. Therefore it shows a standard form of protocol implementation in CSP, shows how authentication properties can be captured as trace specifications, gives basic definitions necessary to reason about the unbounded set of messages, reformulates the central rank function theorem and restates it proof. Additionally it gives hints on applying this approach to verify secrecy protocols as well, a short overview on tool support available and some hints on interesting properties of rank functions. This report will use notations introduced in earlier reports [11-16] throughout and only reintroduce notations where they are considered vital.
Entry into Platform-Based Markets ∗
(2010)

We develop a theoretical model to examine the relative importance of platform quality, indirect network effects, and consumer expectations on the success of entrants in platform-based markets. We find that an entrant’s success depends on the strength of indirect network effects and on the consumers’ discount factor for future applications. We illustrate the model’s applicability by examining Xbox’s entry into the video game industry. We find that Xbox had a small quality advantage over the incumbent, PlayStation 2, and the strength of indirect network effects and the consumers’ discount factor, while statistically significant, fall in the region where PlayStation 2’s position is unsustainable.
Learning Styles and Learning Spaces : A Review of the Multidisciplinary Application of Experiential Learning Theory in Higher Education
(2005)

Using the concept of learning style and learning space to describe the interface between learners and the learning environment in higher education, in this chapter we review studies addressing how learning style information and the experiential learning model have been applied to improve teaching and learning in sixteen different academic fields and professions. Studies suggest that experiential learning affords educators a way to design and implement teaching and learning strategies conducive to creating a learning environment beneficial for both faculty and students with possibilities for institutional wide dissemination of its core principles and practices. Drawing from the findings generated from the studies, we propose guiding principles for creating growth promoting learning spaces throughout higher education.
A First Look at Music Composition using LSTM Recurrent Neural Networks
(2007)

In general music composed by recurrent neural networks (RNNs) suffers from a lack of global structure. Though networks can learn note-by-note transition probabilities and even reproduce phrases, attempts at learning an entire musical form and using that knowledge to guide composition have been unsuccessful. The reason for this failure seems to be that RNNs cannot keep track of temporally distant events that indicate global music structure. Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) has succeeded in similar domains where other RNNs have failed, such as timing & counting and CSL learning. In the current study I show that LSTM is also a good mechanism for learning to compose music. I compare this approach to previous attempts, with particular focus on issues of data representation. I present experimental results showing that LSTM successfully learns a form of blues music and is able to compose novel (and I believe pleasing) melodies in that style. Remarkably, once the network has found the relevant structure it does not drift from it: LSTM is able to play the blues with good timing and proper structure as long as one is willing to listen.
Stock Trend Prediction Using Regression Analysis – A Data Mining Approach
(2011)

Organizations have been collecting data for decades, building massive data warehouses in which to store the data. Even though this data is available, very few of these organizations have been able to realize the actual value stored in it. The question these organizations are asking is how to extract meaningful data and uncover patterns and relationship from their databases. This paper presents a study of regression analysis for use in stock price prediction. Data were obtained from the daily official list of the prices of all shares traded on the stock exchange published by the Nigerian Stock Exchange using banking sector of Nigerian economy with three banks namely:First Bank of Nigeria Plc, Zenith Bank Plc, and Skye Bank Plc to build a database. A data mining software tool was used to uncover patterns and relationships and also to extract values of variables from the database to predict the future values of other variables through the use of time series data that employed moving average method. The tools were found capable technique to describe the trends of stock market prices and predict the future stock market prices of three banks sampled.
Dual-Band Loop-Dipole Composite Unidirectional Antenna for Broadband Wireless Communications
(2014)

The design of a novel dual-band loop-dipole composite unidirectional antenna for broadband wireless applications is proposed. First, design guidelines of the antenna are presented, and then, a step-by-step derivation of the antenna geometry is drawn. The antenna's operation principle is analyzed by carrying out parametric studies of surface current distribution, impedance and radiation patterns. The reflection coefficient, radiation patterns and gain of the antenna are numerically and experimentally studied to verify the operation principle and the design approach. It is demonstrated that two pass-bands, from 1.54 to 3.24 and from 4.88 to 6.80 GHz, of reflection coefficient smaller than -10 dB are obtained. The antenna has stable and unidirectional radiation pattern with low cross polarization within its pass-bands. The average gain of the antenna is 6.7 dBi at low frequency band and 6.5 dBi at high frequency band.
Fundamental Limitations of Small Antennas
(1947)

A capacitor or inductor operating as a small antenna is theoretically capable of intercepting a certain amount of power, independent of its size, on the assumption of tuning without circuit loss. The practical efficiency relative to this ideal is limited by the "radiation power factor" of the antenna as compared with the power factor and bandwidth of the antenna tuning. The radiation power factor of either kind of antenna is somewhat greater than (1/6π) (Ab/l2) in which Ab is the cylindrical volume occupied by the antenna, and l is the radianlength (defined as 1/2π wavelength) at the operating frequency. The efficiency is further limited by the closeness of coupling of the antenna with its tuner. Other simple formulas are given for the more fundamental properties of small antennas and their behavior in a simple circuit. Examples for 1-Mc. operation in typical circuits indicate a loss of about 35 db for the I.R.E. standard capacitive antenna, 43 db for a large loop occupying a volume of 1 meter square by 0.5 meter axial length, and 64 db for a loop of 1/5 these dimensions.
Design of a Compact Dual-Band Annular-Ring Slot Antenna
(2007)

This letter aims at miniaturizing an annular-ring slot antenna that is suitable for the 2.4/5-GHz dual-band operations. The miniaturization purpose was achieved by embedding in the center patch of the antenna a pair of slots to excite three resonant modes. The resonant band of the first excited resonant mode was lowered from that of the unperturbed annular-ring slot antenna, whereas those of the second and third excited resonant modes were combined to form a wide upper operating band by appropriately adjusting the dimensions of the embedded slots. The proposed antenna proves to have very similar copolarization radiation patterns in its two operating bands and have enough antenna gains for practical applications.
The Magnetoelectric Dipole—A Wideband Antenna for Base Stations in Mobile Communications
(2012)

In this paper, stringent requirements imposed on the design of base station antennas for mobile communications are summarized. Conventional techniques for implementing base station antennas are reviewed. The complementary antenna concept of combining an electric dipole with a magnetic dipole is reconsidered. Recently, this kind of antenna has been commonly called a “Huygen's source.” The purpose is to develop wideband unidirectional antennas with stable frequency characteristics and low back radiation. Based on this concept, the magnetoelectric dipole was invented by integrating an electric dipole with an -probe fed shorted quarter-wave patch antenna. A number of magnetoelectric dipoles with different radiation patterns and different polarizations have been developed in recent years. An overview of the characteristics of this new class of complementary antennas is presented. Major design challenges are explained. Finally, a new magnetoelectric dipole that is low in profile and robust in structure is presented. The magnetic dipole part of this antenna is realized by a triangular-shaped loop antenna. The antenna is inherently direct current (dc) grounded, which satisfies the requirement for outdoor applications.
A UWB Unidirectional Antenna With Dual-Polarization
(2011)

A novel ±45° dual-polarized unidirectional antenna element is presented, consisting of two cross center-fed tapered mono-loops and two cross electric dipoles located against a reflector for ultrawideband applications. The operation principle of the antenna including the use of elliptically tapered transmission line for transiting the unbalanced energy to the balanced energy is described. Designs with different reflectors-planar or conical-are investigated. A measured overlapped impedance bandwidth of 126% (SWR <; 2) is demonstrated. Due to the complementary nature of the structure, the antenna has a relatively stable broadside radiation pattern with low cross polarization and low back lobe radiation over the operating band. The measured gain of the proposed antenna varies from 4 to 13 dBi and 7 to 14.5 dBi for port 1 and port 2, respectively, over the operating band, when mounted against a conical backed reflector. The measured coupling between the two ports is below -25 dB over the operating band.
Digital Ordering System for Restaurant Using Android
(2013)

Nowadays web services technology is widely used to integrate heterogeneous systems and develop new applications. Here an application of integration of hotel management systems by web services technology is presented. Digital Hotel Management integrates lots of systems of hotel industry such as Ordering System Kitchen Order Ticket (KOT), Billing System, Customer Relationship Management system (CRM) together. This integration solution can add or expand hotel software system in any size of hotel chains environment. This system increases quality and speed of service. This system also increases attraction of place for large range of customers. Implementing this system gives a cost-efficient opportunity to give your customers a personalized service experience where they are in control choosing what they want, when they want it – from dining to ordering to payment and feedback. We are implementing this system using android application for Tablet PC’s. The front end will be developed using JAVA Android and the backend will work on MySQL database. Index TermsDFD: Data Flow Diagram. DOSRUA: Digital Ordering System for Restaurant Using KOT: Kitchen Order Ticket Android UML: Unified Modeling Language.
Acute Effects of Cocaine on Human Brain Activity and Emotion
(1997)

We investigated brain circuitry mediating cocaine-induced euphoria and craving using functional MRI (fMRI). During double-blind cocaine (0.6 mg/kg) and saline infusions in cocaine-dependent subjects, the entire brain was imaged for 5 min before and 13 min after infusion while subjects rated scales for rush, high, low, and craving. Cocaine induced focal signal increases in nucleus accumbens/subcallosal cortex (NAc/SCC), caudate, putamen, basal forebrain, thalamus, insula, hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, cingulate, lateral prefrontal and temporal cortices, parietal cortex, striate/extrastriate cortices, ventral tegmentum, and pons and produced signal decreases in amygdala, temporal pole, and medial frontal cortex. Saline produced few positive or negative activations, which were localized to lateral prefrontal cortex and temporo-occipital cortex. Subjects who underwent repeat studies showed good replication of the regional fMRI activation pattern following cocaine and saline infusions, with activations on saline retest that might reflect expectancy. Brain regions that exhibited early and short duration signal maxima showed a higher correlation with rush ratings. These included the ventral tegmentum, pons, basal forebrain, caudate, cingulate, and most regions of lateral prefrontal cortex. In contrast, regions that demonstrated early but sustained signal maxima were more correlated with craving than with rush ratings; such regions included the NAc/SCC, right parahippocampal gyrus, and some regions of lateral prefrontal cortex. Sustained negative signal change was noted in the amygdala, which correlated with craving ratings. Our data demonstrate the ability of fMRI to map dynamic patterns of brain activation following cocaine infusion in cocaine-dependent subjects and provide evidence of dynamically changing brain networks associated with cocaine-induced euphoria and cocaine-induced craving.
Interaction in the segmentation of medical images: A survey
(2001)

Segmentation of the object of interest is a difficult step in the analysis of digital images. Fully automatic methods sometimes fail, producing incorrect results and requiring the intervention of a human operator. This is often true in medical applications, where image segmentation is particularly difficult due to restrictions imposed by image acquisition, pathology and biological variation. In this paper we present an early review of the largely unknown territory of human-computer interaction in image segmentation. The purpose is to identify patterns in the use of interaction and to develop qualitative criteria to evaluate interactive segmentation methods. We discuss existing interactive methods with respect to the following aspects: the type of information provided by the user, how this information affects the computational part, and the purpose of interaction in the segmentation process. The discussion is based on the potential impact of each strategy on the accuracy, repeatability and interaction efficiency. Among others, these are important aspects to characterise and understand the implications of interaction to the results generated by an interactive segmentation method. This survey is focused on medical imaging, however similar patterns are expected to hold for other applications as well.
Mathematical Models of Fads Explain the Temporal Dynamics of Internet Memes
(2013)

Internet memes are a pervasive phenomenon on the social Web. They typically consist of viral catch phrases, images, or videos that spread through instant messaging, (micro) blogs, forums, and social networking sites. Due to their popularity and proliferation, Internet memes attract interest in areas as diverse as marketing, sociology, or computer science and have been dubbed a new form of communication or artistic expression. In this paper, we examine the merits of such claims and analyze how collective attention into Internet memes evolves over time. We introduce and discuss statistical models of the dynamics of fads and fit them to meme related time series obtained from Google Trends. Given data as to more than 200 memes, we find that our models provide more accurate descriptions of the dynamics of growth and decline of collective attention to individual Internet memes than previous approaches from the literature. In short, our results suggest that Internet memes are nothing but fads.