SoroushVahidi/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Multirate Multimodal Video Captioning
(2017)

Automatically describing videos with natural language is a crucial challenge of video understanding. Compared to images, videos have specific spatial-temporal structure and various modality information. In this paper, we propose a Multirate Multimodal Approach for video captioning. Considering that the speed of motion in videos varies constantly, we utilize a Multirate GRU to capture temporal structure of videos. It encodes video frames with different intervals and has a strong ability to deal with motion speed variance. As videos contain different modality cues, we design a particular multimodal fusion method. By incorporating visual, motion, and topic information together, we construct a well-designed video representation. Then the video representation is fed into a RNN-based language model for generating natural language descriptions. We evaluate our approach for video captioning on "Microsoft Research - Video to Text" (MSR-VTT), a large-scale video benchmark for video understanding. And our approach gets great performance on the 2nd MSR Video to Language Challenge.
Animal-assisted therapy for persons with aphasia: A pilot study.
(2006)

This study explored the effects and effectiveness of animal-assisted therapy (AAT) for persons with aphasia. Three men with aphasia from left-hemisphere strokes participated in this study. The men received one semester of traditional therapy followed by one semester of AAT. While both therapies were effective, in that each participant met his goals, no significant differences existed between test results following traditional speech-language therapy versus AAT. Results of a client-satisfaction questionnaire, however, indicated that each of the participants was more motivated, enjoyed the therapy sessions more, and felt that the atmosphere of the sessions was lighter and less stressed during AAT compared with traditional therapy.
NoSQL Databases and Data Modeling Techniques for a Document-oriented NoSQL Database
(2015)

NoSQL databases are an important component of Big Data for storing and retrieving large volumes of data. Traditional Relational Database Management Systems (RDBMS) use the ACID theorem for data consistency, whereas NoSQL Databases use a non-transactional approach called BASE. RDBMS scale vertically and NoSQL Databases can scale both horizontally (sharding) and vertically. Four types of NoSQL databases are Document-oriented, Key-Value Pairs, Column-oriented and Graph. Data modeling for Document-oriented databases is similar to data modeling for traditional RDBMS during the conceptual and logical modeling phases. However, for a physical data model, entities can be combined (denormalized) by using embedding. What was once called a foreign key in a traditional RDBMS is now called a reference in a Documentoriented NoSQL database.
Institutionally Distributed Deep Learning Networks
(2017)

Deep learning has become a promising approach for automated medical diagnoses. When medical data samples are limited, collaboration among multiple institutions is necessary to achieve high algorithm performance. However, sharing patient data often has limitations due to technical, legal, or ethical concerns. In such cases, sharing a deep learning model is a more attractive alternative. The best method of performing such a task is unclear, however. In this study, we simulate the dissemination of learning deep learning network models across four institutions using various heuristics and compare the results with a deep learning model trained on centrally hosted patient data. The heuristics investigated include ensembling single institution models, single weight transfer, and cyclical weight transfer. We evaluated these approaches for image classification in three independent image collections (retinal fundus photos, mammography, and ImageNet). We find that cyclical weight transfer resulted in a performance (testing accuracy = 77.3%) that was closest to that of centrally hosted patient data (testing accuracy = 78.7%). We also found that there is an improvement in the performance of cyclical weight transfer heuristic with high frequency of weight transfer.
A Chebyshev-Response Step-Impedance Phase-Inverter Rat-Race Coupler Directly on Lossy Silicon Substrate and Its Gilbert Mixer Application
(2011)

This paper focuses on the analysis and the design methodology of the step-impedance phase-inverter rat-race coupler on a silicon-based process. The issues of impedance limitation and bandwidth are discussed in detail. Our proposed concept utilizes a high silicon dielectric constant, phase-inverter structure, step-impedance technique, and Chebyshev response to make the rat-race coupler more compact (~ 64% reduction) and highly balanced over a wide operating bandwidth. Moreover, the inter-digital coplanar stripline used in the step-impedance section effectively reduces the characteristic impedance of the transmission line for large size shrinkage and insertion-loss reduction. The demonstrated step-impedance rat-race coupler directly on silicon substrate has 6- ~ 7-dB insertion loss from 5 to 15 GHz and small variations in amplitude/phase balance. Compared with our previous work, the proposed rat-race coupler achieves a 3-dB improvement in the insertion loss. Thus, a 0.13-μm CMOS Gilbert down-converter with a miniature phase-inverter rat-race coupler at the RF path for wideband single-to-differential signal conversion achieves a noise figure of 16 dB.
The Visual Hull Concept for Silhouette-Based Image Understanding
(1994)

Many algorithms for both identifying and reconstructing a 3-D object are based on the 2-D silhouettes of the object. In general, identifying a nonconvex object using a silhouettebased approach implies neglecting some features of its surface as identification clues. The same features cannot be reconstructed by volume intersection techniques using multiple silhouettes of the object. This paper addresses the problem of finding which parts of a nonconvex object are relevant for silhouette-based image understanding. For this purpose, the geometric concept of visual hull of a 3-D object is introduced. The visual hull of a 3-D object S is the closest approximation of S that can be obtained with the volume intersection approach. An equivalent statement, relative to object identification, is that the visual hull of S is the maximal object silhouette-equivalent to S, i.e., which can be substituted for S without affecting any silhouette. Only the parts of the surface of S that also lie on the surface of the visual hull can be reconstructed or identified using silhouette-based algorithms. The visual hull of an object depends not only on the object itself but also on the region allowed to the viewpoint. Two main viewing regions can be considered, resulting in the external and internal visual hull. In the former case the viewing region is related to the convex hull of S, in the latter it is bounded by S itself. The internal visual hull also admits an interpretation not related to silhouettes: the features of the surface of S that is not coincident with the surface of the internal visual hull cannot be observed from any viewpoint lying outside the convex hull. After a general discussion of the visual hull and its properties, algorithms for computing the internal and external visual hulls of 2-D objects and 3-D planar face objects are presented and their complexity analyzed. In general, the visual hull of a 3-D planar face object turns out to be bounded by planar and curved patches. A precise statement of the concept of visual hull appears to be novel, as is the problem of its computation.
Big data, smart cities and city planning
(2013)

I define big data with respect to its size but pay particular attention to the fact that the data I am referring to is urban data, that is, data for cities that are invariably tagged to space and time. I argue that this sort of data are largely being streamed from sensors, and this represents a sea change in the kinds of data that we have about what happens where and when in cities. I describe how the growth of big data is shifting the emphasis from longer term strategic planning to short-term thinking about how cities function and can be managed, although with the possibility that over much longer periods of time, this kind of big data will become a source for information about every time horizon. By way of conclusion, I illustrate the need for new theory and analysis with respect to 6 months of smart travel card data of individual trips on Greater London's public transport systems.
Maglev: A Fast and Reliable Software Network Load Balancer
(2016)

Maglev is Google’s network load balancer. It is a large distributed software system that runs on commodity Linux servers. Unlike traditional hardware network load balancers, it does not require a specialized physical rack deployment, and its capacity can be easily adjusted by adding or removing servers. Network routers distribute packets evenly to the Maglev machines via Equal Cost Multipath (ECMP); each Maglev machine then matches the packets to their corresponding services and spreads them evenly to the service endpoints. To accommodate high and ever-increasing traffic, Maglev is specifically optimized for packet processing performance. A single Maglev machine is able to saturate a 10Gbps link with small packets. Maglev is also equipped with consistent hashing and connection tracking features, to minimize the negative impact of unexpected faults and failures on connection-oriented protocols. Maglev has been serving Google’s traffic since 2008. It has sustained the rapid global growth of Google services, and it also provides network load balancing for Google Cloud Platform.
Augmented Reality Tracking in Natural Environments
(1998)

Tracking, or camera pose determination, is the main technical challenge in creating augmented realities. Constraining the degree to which the environment may be altered to support tracking heightens the challenge. This paper describes several years of work at the USC Computer Graphics and Immersive Technologies (CGIT) laboratory to develop self-contained, minimally intrusive tracking systems for use in both indoor and outdoor settings. These hybrid-technology tracking systems combine vision and inertial sensing with research in fiducial design, feature detection, motion estimation, recursive filters, and pragmatic engineering to satisfy realistic application requirements.
How to model fake news
(2018)

Over the past three years it has become evident that fake news is a danger to democracy. However, until now there has been no clear understanding of how to define fake news, much less how to model it. This paper addresses both these issues. A definition of fake news is given, and two approaches for the modelling of fake news and its impact in elections and referendums are introduced. The first approach, based on the idea of a representative voter, is shown to be suitable to obtain a qualitative understanding of phenomena associated with fake news at a macroscopic level. The second approach, based on the idea of an election microstructure, describes the collective behaviour of the electorate by modelling the preferences of individual voters. It is shown through a simulation study that the mere knowledge that pieces of fake news may be in circulation goes a long way towards mitigating the impact of fake news.
Penoscrotal plication as a uniform approach to reconstruction of penile curvature.
(2009)

OBJECTIVE
To present our 4-year experience of using a minimally invasive technique, penoscrotal plication (PSP), as a uniform treatment for men with debilitating penile curvature resulting from Peyronie's disease.


PATIENTS AND METHODS
In 48 men (median age 58.7 years) with penile curvature the penis was reconstructed by imbricating the tunica albuginea opposite the curvature with multiple nonabsorbable sutures. All patients, regardless of the degree or direction of curvature, were approached through a small penoscrotal incision made without degloving the penis. Detailed measurements of penile shaft angle and stretched penile length were recorded and analysed before and after reconstruction, and the numbers of sutures required for correction were documented.


RESULTS
Nearly all patients had dorsal and/or lateral deformities that were easily corrected via a ventral penoscrotal incision. The median (range) degree of correction was 28 (18-55) degrees and number of sutures used was 6 (4-17). Stretched penile length measurements before and after plication showed no significant difference. A single PSP procedure was successful in 45/48 (93%) patients; two were dissatisfied with the correction, one having repeat plication and the other a penile prosthesis; one other required a suture release for pain.


CONCLUSIONS
PSP is safe and effective and should be considered even for cases with severe or biplanar curvature.
Non-sexually related acute genital ulcers in 13 pubertal girls: a clinical and microbiological study.
(2009)

OBJECTIVE
To describe the clinical and microbiological features of acute genital ulcers (AGU), which have been reported in virgin adolescents, predominantly in girls.


DESIGN
Descriptive study. We collected data on the clinical features, sexual history, blood cell count, biochemistry, microbiological workup, and 1-year follow-up.


SETTING
Departments of dermatology of 3 university hospitals in Paris. Patients Thirteen immunocompetent female patients with a first flare of non-sexually transmitted AGU.


MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Clinical and microbiological data, using a standardized form.


RESULTS
Mean age was 16.6 years (range, 11-19 years). Eleven patients denied previous sexual contact. A fever or flulike symptoms preceded AGU in 10 of the 13 patients (77%), with a mean delay of 3.8 days before the AGU onset (range, 0-10 days). The genital ulcers were bilateral in 10 patients. The final diagnosis was Epstein-Barr virus primary infection in 4 patients (31%) and Behçet disease in 1 patient (8%). No other infectious agents were detected in this series.


CONCLUSIONS
We recommend serologic testing for Epstein-Barr virus with IgM antibodies to viral capsid antigens in non-sexually related AGU in immunocompetent patients. Further microbiological studies are required to identify other causative agents.
Tangible Query Interfaces: Physically Constrained Tokens for Manipulating Database Queries
(2003)

We present a new approach for using physically constrained tokens to express, manipulate, and visualize parameterized database queries. This method extends tangible interfaces to enable interaction with large aggregates of information. We describe two interface prototypes that use physical tokens to represent database parameters. These tokens are manipulated upon physical constraints, which map compositions of tokens onto interpretations including database queries, views, and Boolean operations. We propose a framework for “ token + constraint” interfaces, and compare one of our prototypes with a comparable graphical interface in a preliminary user study. † Current affiliation: Visualization Dept., Zuse Institute Berlin (ZIB), ullmer@zib.de †† Current affiliation: Computer Science Dept., Tufts University, jacob@cs.tufts.edu
OpenIoT: An open service framework for the Internet of Things
(2014)

The Internet of Things (IoT) has been a hot topic for the future of computing and communication. It will not only have a broad impact on our everyday life in the near future, but also create a new ecosystem involving a wide array of players such as device developers, service providers, software developers, network operators, and service users. In this paper, we present an open service framework for the Internet of Things, facilitating entrance into the IoT-related mass market, and establishing a global IoT ecosystem with the worldwide use of IoT devices and softwares. We expect that the open IoT service framework we proposed will play an important role in the widespread adoption of the Internet of Things in our everyday life, enhancing our quality of life with a large number of innovative applications and services, but also offering endless opportunities to all of the stakeholders in the world of information and communication technologies.
A visual analytics agenda
(2006)

Researchers have made significant progress in disciplines such as scientific and information visualization, statistically based exploratory and confirmatory analysis, data and knowledge representations, and perceptual and cognitive sciences. Although some research is being done in this area, the pace at which new technologies and technical talents are becoming available is far too slow to meet the urgent need. National Visualization and Analytics Center's goal is to advance the state of the science to enable analysts to detect the expected and discover the unexpected from massive and dynamic information streams and databases consisting of data of multiple types and from multiple sources, even though the data are often conflicting and incomplete. Visual analytics is a multidisciplinary field that includes the following focus areas: (i) analytical reasoning techniques, (ii) visual representations and interaction techniques, (iii) data representations and transformations, (iv) techniques to support production, presentation, and dissemination of analytical results. The R&D agenda for visual analytics addresses technical needs for each of these focus areas, as well as recommendations for speeding the movement of promising technologies into practice. This article provides only the concise summary of the R&D agenda. We encourage reading, discussion, and debate as well as active innovation toward the agenda for visual analysis.
An Introduction to Variable and Feature Selection
(2003)

Variable and feature selection have become the focus of much research in areas of application for which datasets with tens or hundreds of thousands of variabl es are available. These areas include text processing of internet documents, gene expression arr ay nalysis, and combinatorial chemistry. The objective of variable selection is three-fold: improvi ng the prediction performance of the predictors, providing faster and more cost-effective predict ors, and providing a better understanding of the underlying process that generated the data. The contrib utions of this special issue cover a wide range of aspects of such problems: providing a better definit ion of the objective function, feature construction, feature ranking, multivariate feature sele ction, efficient search methods, and feature validity assessment methods.
Incidence of adverse events and negligence in hospitalized patients. Results of the Harvard Medical Practice Study I.
(1991)

BACKGROUND
As part of an interdisciplinary study of medical injury and malpractice litigation, we estimated the incidence of adverse events, defined as injuries caused by medical management, and of the subgroup of such injuries that resulted from negligent or substandard care.


METHODS
We reviewed 30,121 randomly selected records from 51 randomly selected acute care, nonpsychiatric hospitals in New York State in 1984. We then developed population estimates of injuries and computed rates according to the age and sex of the patients as well as the specialties of the physicians.


RESULTS
Adverse events occurred in 3.7 percent of the hospitalizations (95 percent confidence interval, 3.2 to 4.2), and 27.6 percent of the adverse events were due to negligence (95 percent confidence interval, 22.5 to 32.6). Although 70.5 percent of the adverse events gave rise to disability lasting less than six months, 2.6 percent caused permanently disabling injuries and 13.6 percent led to death. The percentage of adverse events attributable to negligence increased in the categories of more severe injuries (Wald test chi 2 = 21.04, P less than 0.0001). Using weighted totals, we estimated that among the 2,671,863 patients discharged from New York hospitals in 1984 there were 98,609 adverse events and 27,179 adverse events involving negligence. Rates of adverse events rose with age (P less than 0.0001). The percentage of adverse events due to negligence was markedly higher among the elderly (P less than 0.01). There were significant differences in rates of adverse events among categories of clinical specialties (P less than 0.0001), but no differences in the percentage due to negligence.


CONCLUSIONS
There is a substantial amount of injury to patients from medical management, and many injuries are the result of substandard care.
Modularized Morphing of Neural Networks
(2017)

In this work we study the problem of network morphism, an effective learning scheme to morph a well-trained neural network to a new one with the network function completely preserved. Different from existing work where basic morphing types on the layer level were addressed, we target at the central problem of network morphism at a higher level, i.e., how a convolutional layer can be morphed into an arbitrary module of a neural network. To simplify the representation of a network, we abstract a module as a graph with blobs as vertices and convolutional layers as edges, based on which the morphing process is able to be formulated as a graph transformation problem. Two atomic morphing operations are introduced to compose the graphs, based on which modules are classified into two families, i.e., simple morphable modules and complex modules. We present practical morphing solutions for both of these two families, and prove that any reasonable module can be morphed from a single convolutional layer. Extensive experiments have been conducted based on the state-of-the-art ResNet on benchmark datasets, and the effectiveness of the proposed solution has been verified.
Face Detection using Digital Image Processing
(2013)

This paper presents a technique for automatically detecting human faces in digital color images. This is two-step process which first detects regions contain human skin in the color image and then extracts information from these regions which might indicate the location of a face in the image. The skin detection is performed using a skin filter which relies on color and texture information. The face detection is performed on a grayscale image containing only the detected skin areas. A combination of thresh holding and mathematical morphology are used to extract object features that would indicate the presence of a face. The face detection process works predictably and fairly reliably, as test results show.
Regularized linear and kernel redundancy analysis
(2007)

Redundancy analysis (RA) is a versatile technique used to predict multivariate criterion variables from multivariate predictor variables. The reduced-rank feature of RA captures redundant information in the criterion variables in a most parsimonious way. A ridge type of regularization was introduced in RA to deal with the multicollinearity problem among the predictor variables. The regularized linear RA was extended to nonlinear RA using a kernel method to enhance the predictability. The usefulness of the proposed procedures was demonstrated by a Monte Carlo study and through the analysis of two real data sets.
A design process for embedding knowledge management in everyday work
(1999)

Knowledge Management Software must be embedded in processes of knowledge workers' everyday practice. In order to attain a seamless design, regarding the special qualities and requirements of knowledge work, detailed studies of the existing work processes and analysis of the used knowledge are necessary. Participation of the knowledge owners and future users us an important factor for success of knowledge management systems. In this paper we describe characteristics of knowledge work motivating the usage of participatory design techniques. We suggest a design process for developing or improving knowledge management, which includes ethnographic surveys, user participation in cyclic improvement, scenario based design, and the use of multiple design artifacts and documents. Finally we explain the benefits of our approach. The paper is based on a case study we carried out to design and introduce a knowledge management system in a training company.