SoroushVahidi/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Role of culture in gambling and problem gambling.
(2004)

There has been a significant gap in the gambling literature regarding the role of culture in gambling and problem gambling (PG). This paper aims to this such gap by presenting a systematic review of the cultural variations in gambling and PG as well as a discussion of the role cultural variables can play in the initiation and maintenance of gambling in order to stimulate further research. The review shows that although studies investigating prevalence rates of gambling and PG among different cultures are not plentiful, evidence does suggest certain cultural groups are more vulnerable to begin gambling and to develop PG. Significant factors including familial/genetic, sociological, and individual factors have been found in the Western gambling literature as playing important roles in the development and maintenance of PG. These factors need to be examined now in other cultural groups so we can better understand the etiological processes involved in PG and design culturally sensitive treatments. In addition, variables, such as cultural values and beliefs, the process of acculturation, and the influence of culturally determined, help-seeking behaviors need to be also examined in relation to the role they could play in the initiation of and maintenance of gambling. Understanding the contribution of cultural variables will allow us to devise better prevention and treatment options for PG. Methodological problems in this area of research are highlighted, and suggestions for future research are included.
Survey on UAV Cellular Communications: Practical Aspects, Standardization Advancements, Regulation, and Security Challenges
(2018)

The rapid growth of consumer Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) is creating promising new business opportunities for cellular operators. On the one hand, UAVs can be connected to cellular networks as new types of user equipment, therefore generating significant revenues for the operators that guarantee their stringent service requirements. On the other hand, UAVs offer the unprecedented opportunity to realize UAV-mounted flying base stations that can dynamically reposition themselves to boost coverage, spectral efficiency and user quality of experience. Indeed, the standards bodies are currently exploring possibilities for serving commercial UAVs with cellular networks. Industries are beginning to trial early prototypes of flying base stations or user equipments, while academia is in full swing researching mathematical and algorithmic solutions to many interesting new problems arising from flying nodes in cellular networks. In this article, we provide a comprehensive survey of all of these developments promoting smooth integration of UAVs in cellular networks. Specifically, we survey the types of consumer UAVs currently available off-the-shelf, the interference issues and potential solutions addressed by standardization bodies for serving aerial users with existing terrestrial base stations, the challenges and opportunities for assisting cellular communications with UAVbased flying relays and base stations, the ongoing prototyping and test bed activities, the new regulations being developed to manage the commercial use of UAVs, and the cyber-physical security of UAV-assisted cellular communications.
Illuminating search spaces by mapping elites
(2015)

Nearly all science and engineering fields use search algorithms, which automatically explore a search space to find high-performing solutions: chemists search through the space of molecules to discover new drugs; engineers search for stronger, cheaper, safer designs, scientists search for models that best explain data, etc. The goal of search algorithms has traditionally been to return the single highestperforming solution in a search space. Here we describe a new, fundamentally different type of algorithm that is more useful because it provides a holistic view of how highperforming solutions are distributed throughout a search space. It creates a map of high-performing solutions at each point in a space defined by dimensions of variation that a user gets to choose. This Multi-dimensional Archive of Phenotypic Elites (MAP-Elites) algorithm illuminates search spaces, allowing researchers to understand how interesting attributes of solutions combine to affect performance, either positively or, equally of interest, negatively. For example, a drug company may wish to understand how performance changes as the size of molecules and their costto-produce vary. MAP-Elites produces a large diversity of high-performing, yet qualitatively different solutions, which can be more helpful than a single, high-performing solution. Interestingly, because MAP-Elites explores more of the search space, it also tends to find a better overall solution than state-of-the-art search algorithms. We demonstrate the benefits of this new algorithm in three different problem domains ranging from producing modular neural networks to designing simulated and real soft robots. Because MAPElites (1) illuminates the relationship between performance and dimensions of interest in solutions, (2) returns a set of high-performing, yet diverse solutions, and (3) improves the state-of-the-art for finding a single, best solution, it will catalyze advances throughout all science and engineering fields.
Fitting Multiple Connected Ellipses to an Image Silhouette Hierarchically
(2010)

In this paper, we seek to fit a model, specified in terms of connected ellipses, to an image silhouette. Some algorithms that have attempted this problem are sensitive to initial guesses and also may converge to a wrong solution when they attempt to minimize the objective function for the entire ellipse structure in one step. We present an algorithm that overcomes these issues. Our first step is to temporarily ignore the connections, and refine the initial guess using unconstrained Expectation-Maximization (EM) for mixture Gaussian densities. Then the ellipses are reconnected linearly. Lastly, we apply the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm to fine-tune the ellipse shapes to best align with the contour. The fitting is achieved in a hierarchical manner based upon the joints of the model. Experiments show that our algorithm can robustly fit a complex ellipse structure to a corresponding shape for several applications.
Fast Road Sign Detection Using Hough Transform for Assisted Driving of Road Vehicles
(2005)

A system for real-time traffic sign detection is described in this paper. The system uses restricted Hough transform for circumferences in order to detect circular signs, and for straight lines for triangular ones. Some results obtained from a set of real road images captured under both normal and adverse weather conditions are presented as well in order to illustrate the robustness of the detection system. The average processing time is 30 ms per frame, what makes the system a good approach to work in real time conditions.
Classification of Ulcerative Colitis Severity in Colonoscopy Videos using CNN
(2017)

Ulcerative Colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by periods of relapses and remissions affecting more than 500,000 people in the United States. The therapeutic goals of UC are to first induce and then maintain disease remission. However, it is very difficult to evaluate the severity of UC objectively because of non-uniform nature of symptoms and large variations in their patterns. To address this, we already developed an approach using the image textures in our previous work. But, we found that it could not handle larger number of variations in their patterns. In this paper, we propose a different approach using CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) to measure and classify objectively the severity of UC presented in optical colonoscopy video frames. We call the proposed approach using CNN as Ulcerative Colitis Severity CNN (UCS-CNN) which utilizes endoscopic domain knowledge and convolutional neural network to classify different UC severity of colonoscopy images. The experimental results show that the proposed UCS-CNN can evaluate the severity of UC reasonably.
Leakiness and creepiness in app space: perceptions of privacy and mobile app use
(2014)

Mobile devices are playing an increasingly intimate role in everyday life. However, users can be surprised when informed of the data collection and distribution activities of apps they install. We report on two studies of smartphone users in western European countries, in which users were confronted with app behaviors and their reactions assessed. Users felt their personal space had been violated in "creepy" ways. Using Altman's notions of personal space and territoriality, and Nissenbaum's theory of contextual integrity, we account for these emotional reactions and suggest that they point to important underlying issues, even when users continue using apps they find creepy.
REDUNDANT IMUS FOR PRECISE TRAJECTORY DETERMINATION
(2004)

A redundant inertial measurement unit (IMU) is an inertial sensing device composed by more than three accelerometers and three gyroscopes. This paper analyses the performance of redundant IMUs and their potential benefits and applications in airborne remote sensing and photogrammetry. The theory of redundant IMUs is presented through two different algorithmic approaches. The first approach is to combine the inertial observations, in the observation space, to generate a “synthetic” non-redundant IMU. The second approach modifies the INS mechanization equations so that they directly account for the observational redundancy. The paper ends with an empirical assesment of the concept. For this purpose, redundant IMU data was generated by combining two IMUs in a non-orthogonal configuration and flying them. Preliminary results of this flight are presented.
Geometry Optimize of Printed Circuit Board Stator Winding in Coreless Axial Field Permanent Magnet Motor
(2016)

Axial Field Permanent Magnet Motor (AFPM) can be easily integrated into wheel-hub motor of Electrical Vehicle (EV) as impact structure and light weight. Improved hexagonal asymmetry coil is presented in Printed Circuit Board (PCB) stator of coreless AFPM. Geometry parameters of coil shape is optimized. According to the structure characteristics of coreless AFPM, dimension formulas of PCB coil are derived. Analytical calculation models of back-EMF and winding co-efficiency are built up. To maximize ratio of torque to copper loss, coil parameters such as radial length, inclined angle of active conductors etc. are optimized. Finally comparison and verification are performed by means of 3D finite element method and prototype test. The ratio of torque to copper loss is increased 30%. As a result, motor rated torque is also increased at certain motor size, heating load and dissipation condition.
Neural Machine Translation with Gumbel-Greedy Decoding
(2018)

Previous neural machine translation models used some heuristic search algorithms (e.g., beam search) in order to avoid solving the maximum a posteriori problem over translation sentences at test phase. In this paper, we propose the GumbelGreedy Decoding which trains a generative network to predict translation under a trained model. We solve such a problem using the Gumbel-Softmax reparameterization, which makes our generative network differentiable and trainable through standard stochastic gradient methods. We empirically demonstrate that our proposed model is effective for generating sequences of discrete words.
Data-Warehousing 3.0 - Die Rolle von Data-Warehouse-Systemen auf Basis von In-Memory Technologie
(2011)

In diesem Beitrag widmen wir uns der Frage, welche Rolle aktuelle Trends der Hardund Software für Datenbanksysteme spielen, um als Enabler für neuartige Konzepte im Umfeld des Data-Warehousing zu dienen. Als zentraler Schritt der Evolution im Kontext des Data-Warehousing wird dabei die enge Kopplung zu operativen Systemen gesehen, um eine direkte Rückkopplung bzw. Einbettung in operationale Geschäftsprozesse zu realisieren. In diesem Papier diskutieren wir die Fragen, wie In-Memory-Technologie das Konzept von Echtzeit-DWH-Systemen unterstützt bzw. ermöglicht. Dazu stellen wir zum einen eine Referenzarchitektur für DWH-Systeme vor, die insbesondere pushund pullbasierte Datenversorgung berücksichtigt. Zum anderen diskutieren wir die konkrete Rolle von In-Memory-Systemen mit Blick auf konkrete Aspekte wie der Frage optionaler Persistenzschichten, Reduktion der Batchgröße, Positionierung von In-Memory-Techniken für den Aufbau eines Corporate Memorys und die schnelle Bereitstellung externer Datenbestände zur Unterstützung situativer BISzenarien.
Relation extraction and the influence of automatic named-entity recognition
(2007)

We present an approach for extracting relations between named entities from natural language documents. The approach is based solely on shallow linguistic processing, such as tokenization, sentence splitting, part-of-speech tagging, and lemmatization. It uses a combination of kernel functions to integrate two different information sources: (i) the whole sentence where the relation appears, and (ii) the local contexts around the interacting entities. We present the results of experiments on extracting five different types of relations from a dataset of newswire documents and show that each information source provides a useful contribution to the recognition task. Usually the combined kernel significantly increases the precision with respect to the basic kernels, sometimes at the cost of a slightly lower recall. Moreover, we performed a set of experiments to assess the influence of the accuracy of named-entity recognition on the performance of the relation-extraction algorithm. Such experiments were performed using both the correct named entities (i.e., those manually annotated in the corpus) and the noisy named entities (i.e., those produced by a machine learning-based named-entity recognizer). The results show that our approach significantly improves the previous results obtained on the same dataset.
Fast userspace packet processing
(2015)

In recent years, we have witnessed the emergence of high speed packet I/O frameworks, bringing unprecedented network performance to userspace. Using the Click modular router, we first review and quantitatively compare several such packet I/O frameworks, showing their superiority to kernel-based forwarding. We then reconsider the issue of software packet processing, in the context of modern commodity hardware with hardware multi-queues, multi-core processors and non-uniform memory access. Through a combination of existing techniques and improvements of our own, we derive modern general principles for the design of software packet processors. Our implementation of a fast packet processor framework, integrating a faster Click with both Netmap and DPDK, exhibits up-to about 2.3x speed-up compared to other software implementations, when used as an IP router.
Combining content with user preferences for non-fiction multimedia recommendation: a study on TED lectures
(2013)

This paper introduces a new dataset and compares several methods for the recommendation of non-fiction audio visual material, namely lectures from the TED website. The TED dataset contains 1,149 talks and 69,023 profiles of users, who have made more than 100,000 ratings and 200,000 comments. The corresponding metadata, which we make available, can be used for training and testing generic or personalized recommender systems. We define content-based, collaborative, and combined recommendation methods for TED lectures and use cross-validation to select the best parameters of keyword-based (TFIDF) and semantic vector space-based methods (LSI, LDA, RP, and ESA). We compare these methods on a personalized recommendation task in two settings, a cold-start and a non-cold-start one. In the cold-start setting, semantic vector spaces perform better than keywords. In the non-cold-start setting, where collaborative information can be exploited, content-based methods are outperformed by collaborative filtering ones, but the proposed combined method shows acceptable performances, and can be used in both settings. For the generic recommendation task, LSI and RP again outperform TF-IDF.
Cognitive radar: a way of the future
(2006)

This article discusses a new idea called cognitive radar. Three ingredients are basic to the constitution of cognitive radar: 1) intelligent signal processing, which builds on learning through interactions of the radar with the surrounding environment; 2) feedback from the receiver to the transmitter, which is a facilitator of intelligence; and 3) preservation of the information content of radar returns, which is realized by the Bayesian approach to target detection through tracking. All three of these ingredients feature in the echo-location system of a bat, which may be viewed as a physical realization (albeit in neurobiological terms) of cognitive radar. Radar is a remote-sensing system that is widely used for surveillance, tracking, and imaging applications, for both civilian and military needs. In this article, we focus on future possibilities of radar with particular emphasis on the issue of cognition. As an illustrative case study along the way, we consider the problem of radar surveillance applied to an ocean environment.
Dynamic programming.
(1966)

Little has been done in the study of these intriguing questions, and I do not wish to give the impression that any extensive set of ideas exists that could be called a "theory." What is quite surprising, as far as the histories of science and philosophy are concerned, is that the major impetus for the fantastic growth of interest in brain processes, both psychological and physiological, has come from a device, a machine, the digital computer. In dealing with a human being and a human society, we enjoy the luxury of being irrational, illogical, inconsistent, and incomplete, and yet of coping. In operating a computer, we must meet the rigorous requirements for detailed instructions and absolute precision. If we understood the ability of the human mind to make effective decisions when confronted by complexity, uncertainty, and irrationality then we could use computers a million times more effectively than we do. Recognition of this fact has been a motivation for the spurt of research in the field of neurophysiology. The more we study the information processing aspects of the mind, the more perplexed and impressed we become. It will be a very long time before we understand these processes sufficiently to reproduce them. In any case, the mathematician sees hundreds and thousands of formidable new problems in dozens of blossoming areas, puzzles galore, and challenges to his heart's content. He may never resolve some of these, but he will never be bored. What more can he ask?
Do Personal Ethics Influence Corporate Ethics ?
(2016)

In this paper, we introduce a new measure of personal ethics in the form of marital cheating to examine the relationship between personal ethics and corporate misconduct. Firms with CEOs and CFOs who use a marital infidelity website are more than twice as likely to engage in two forms of corporate misconduct. The relationship is not explained by a wide range of regional, firm, and executive characteristics or by the infidelity website usage of other executives. Additionally, white-collar SEC defendants also have elevated levels of infidelity website usage. Our findings suggest that personal and professional ethics are closely related. (JEL G30, M14)
IGBT and Diode Behavior During Short-Circuit Type 3
(2015)

A short circuit during inverter operation can result in the so-called short-circuit types 2 and 3. The short-circuit type 3 results in an interaction with several current commutations between the Insulate-Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) and the antiparallel diode. The switched ON IGBT, conducting no current before the short circuit occurs, has no plasma inside and can block any voltage. It behaves like a voltage-controlled current source, which can stress the diode by commutating the complete short-circuit current into the diode. An avalanche arises inside the diode, which can lead to a destruction of the diode. The current through the diode determines dv/dt and makes the diode a dominating semiconductor during the short circuit. The current source behavior of the IGBT can be verified with semiconductor simulations and measurements on a high-power 3.3-kV IGBT. In the simulations, the IGBT is replaced by a current source, which gives similar results. For the measurements, the gate-emitter voltage is varied to change the IGBT current without influencing the collector-emitter voltage.
Educational data mining and its role in determining factors affecting students academic performance: A systematic review
(2016)

Education helps people develop as individuals. It not only helps build social skills but also enhances the problem solving and decision making skills of individuals. With the growing number of schools, colleges and universities around the globe, education now has taken new dimension. The main focus of higher Educational Institutes is to improve the overall quality and effectiveness of education. Predicting the performance of student and Predicting the Future in this world of Big Data is the need of Today in Education. The crude data from educational organizations act as a gold mine which facilitate the analysts and designers to make a system that will improve the overall teaching and learning process. This new field coined as Educational Data mining helps in Predicting the Future and Changing the Future. In this paper we have studied what is Educational Data Mining and what are the Application areas of EDM, various techniques of EDM and the factors affecting the students' Academic Performance and the Teaching-Learning process.
Maternal Control of Child Feeding During the Weaning Period: Differences Between Mothers Following a Baby-led or Standard Weaning Approach
(2010)

A controlling maternal feeding style has been shown to have a negative impact on child eating style and weight in children over the age of 12 months. The current study explores maternal feeding style during the period of 6–12 months when infants are introduced to complementary foods. Specifically it examines differences between mothers who choose to follow a traditional weaning approach using spoon feeding and pureés to mothers following a baby-led approach where infants are allowed to self feed foods in their solid form. Seven hundred and two mothers with an infant aged 6–12 months provided information regarding weaning approach alongside completing the Child Feeding Questionnaire. Information regarding infant weight and perceived size was also collected. Mothers following a baby-led feeding style reported significantly lower levels of restriction, pressure to eat, monitoring and concern over child weight compared to mothers following a standard weaning response. No association was seen between weaning style and infant weight or perceived size. A baby-led weaning style was associated with a maternal feeding style which is low in control. This could potentially have a positive impact upon later child weight and eating style. However due to the cross sectional nature of the study it cannot be ascertained whether baby-led weaning encourages a feeding style which is low in control to develop or whether mothers who are low in control choose to follow a baby-led weaning style.