SoroushVahidi/scidocs huggingface dataset:
The somatic marker hypothesis: A critical evaluation
(2006)

The somatic marker hypothesis (SMH; [Damasio, A. R., Tranel, D., Damasio, H., 1991. Somatic markers and the guidance of behaviour: theory and preliminary testing. In Levin, H.S., Eisenberg, H.M., Benton, A.L. (Eds.), Frontal Lobe Function and Dysfunction. Oxford University Press, New York, pp. 217-229]) proposes that emotion-based biasing signals arising from the body are integrated in higher brain regions, in particular the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC), to regulate decision-making in situations of complexity. Evidence for the SMH is largely based on performance on the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT; [Bechara, A., Tranel, D., Damasio, H., Damasio, A.R., 1996. Failure to respond autonomically to anticipated future outcomes following damage to prefrontal cortex. Cerebral Cortex 6 (2), 215-225]), linking anticipatory skin conductance responses (SCRs) to successful performance on a decision-making paradigm in healthy participants. These 'marker' signals were absent in patients with VMPFC lesions and were associated with poorer IGT performance. The current article reviews the IGT findings, arguing that their interpretation is undermined by the cognitive penetrability of the reward/punishment schedule, ambiguity surrounding interpretation of the psychophysiological data, and a shortage of causal evidence linking peripheral feedback to IGT performance. Further, there are other well-specified and parsimonious explanations that can equally well account for the IGT data. Next, lesion, neuroimaging, and psychopharmacology data evaluating the proposed neural substrate underpinning the SMH are reviewed. Finally, conceptual reservations about the novelty, parsimony and specification of the SMH are raised. It is concluded that while presenting an elegant theory of how emotion influences decision-making, the SMH requires additional empirical support to remain tenable.
Crowdsourced Comprehension: Predicting Prerequisite Structure in Wikipedia
(2012)

The growth of open-access technical publications and other open-domain textual information sources means that there is an increasing amount of online technical material that is in principle available to all, but in practice, incomprehensible to most. We propose to address the task of helping readers comprehend complex technical material, by using statistical methods to model the “prerequisite structure” of a corpus — i.e., the semantic impact of documents on an individual reader’s state of knowledge. Experimental results using Wikipedia as the corpus suggest that this task can be approached by crowdsourcing the production of ground-truth labels regarding prerequisite structure, and then generalizing these labels using a learned classifier which combines signals of various sorts. The features that we consider relate pairs of pages by analyzing not only textual features of the pages, but also how the containing corpora is connected and created.
The Advanced Health and Disaster Aid Network: A Light-Weight Wireless Medical System for Triage
(2007)

Advances in semiconductor technology have resulted in the creation of miniature medical embedded systems that can wirelessly monitor the vital signs of patients. These lightweight medical systems can aid providers in large disasters who become overwhelmed with the large number of patients, limited resources, and insufficient information. In a mass casualty incident, small embedded medical systems facilitate patient care, resource allocation, and real-time communication in the advanced health and disaster aid network (AID-N). We present the design of electronic triage tags on lightweight, embedded systems with limited memory and computational power. These electronic triage tags use noninvasive, biomedical sensors (pulse oximeter, electrocardiogram, and blood pressure cuff) to continuously monitor the vital signs of a patient and deliver pertinent information to first responders. This electronic triage system facilitates the seamless collection and dissemination of data from the incident site to key members of the distributed emergency response community. The real-time collection of data through a mesh network in a mass casualty drill was shown to approximately triple the number of times patients that were triaged compared with the traditional paper triage system.
Cache-aware Roofline model: Upgrading the loft
(2014)

The Roofline model graphically represents the attainable upper bound performance of a computer architecture. This paper analyzes the original Roofline model and proposes a novel approach to provide a more insightful performance modeling of modern architectures by introducing cache-awareness, thus significantly improving the guidelines for application optimization. The proposed model was experimentally verified for different architectures by taking advantage of built-in hardware counters with a curve fitness above 90%.
Deception Detection using Real-life Trial Data
(2015)

Hearings of witnesses and defendants play a crucial role when reaching court trial decisions. Given the high-stake nature of trial outcomes, implementing accurate and effective computational methods to evaluate the honesty of court testimonies can offer valuable support during the decision making process. In this paper, we address the identification of deception in real-life trial data. We introduce a novel dataset consisting of videos collected from public court trials. We explore the use of verbal and non-verbal modalities to build a multimodal deception detection system that aims to discriminate between truthful and deceptive statements provided by defendants and witnesses. We achieve classification accuracies in the range of 60-75% when using a model that extracts and fuses features from the linguistic and gesture modalities. In addition, we present a human deception detection study where we evaluate the human capability of detecting deception in trial hearings. The results show that our system outperforms the human capability of identifying deceit.
TUTORIAL ON AGENT-BASED MODELING AND SIMULATION
(2005)

Agent-based modeling and simulation (ABMS) is a new approach to modeling systems comprised of autonomous, interacting agents. ABMS promises to have far-reaching effects on the way that businesses use computers to support decision-making and researchers use electronic laboratories to support their research. Some have gone so far as to contend that ABMS is a third way of doing science besides deductive and inductive reasoning. Computational advances have made possible a growing number of agentbased applications in a variety of fields. Applications range from modeling agent behavior in the stock market and supply chains, to predicting the spread of epidemics and the threat of bio-warfare, from modeling consumer behavior to understanding the fall of ancient civilizations, to name a few. This tutorial describes the theoretical and practical foundations of ABMS, identifies toolkits and methods for developing ABMS models, and provides some thoughts on the relationship between ABMS and traditional modeling techniques.
The land unit — A fundamental concept in landscape ecology, and its applications
(1989)

The land unit, as an expression of landscape as a system, is a fundamental concept in landscape ecology. It is an ecologically homogeneous tract of land at the scale at issue. It provides a basis for studying topologic as well as chorologic landscape ecology relationships. A land unit survey aims at mapping such land units. This is done by simultaneously using characteristics of the most obvious (mappable) land attributes: land-form, soil and vegetation (including human alteration of these three). The land unit is the basis of the map legend but may be expressed via these three land attributes. The more dynamic land attributes, such as certain animal populations and water fluxes, are less suitable as diagnostic criteria, but often link units by characteristic information/energy fluxes. The land unit survey is related to a further development of the widely accepted physiographic soil survey see Edelman (1950). Important aspects include: by means of a systems approach, the various land data can be integrated more appropriately; geomorphology, vegetation and soil science support each other during all stages (photo-interpretation, field survey, data processing, final classification); the time and costs are considerably less compared with the execution of separate surveys; the result is directly suitable as a basis for land evaluation; the results can be expressed in separate soil, vegetation, land use and landform maps, or even single value maps. A land unit survey is therefore: a method for efficient survey of land attributes, such as soils, vegetation, landform, expressed in either separate or combined maps; a means of stimulating integration among separate land attribute sciences; an efficient basis for land evaluation. For multidisciplinary projects with applied ecologic aims (e.g., land management), it is therefore the most appropriate survey approach. Within the land unit approach there is considerable freedom in the way in which the various land attribute data are ‘integrated’. It is essential, however, that: during the photo-interpretation stage, the contributions of the various specialists are brought together to prepare a preliminary (land unit) photo-interpretation map; the fieldwork data are collected at exactly the same sample point, preferably by a team of specialists in which soil, vegetation and geomorphology are represented; the final map is prepared in close cooperation of all contributing disciplines, based on photo-interpretation and field data; the final map approach may vary from one fully-integrated land unit map to various monothematic maps.
Spanish Multicenter Normative Studies (NEURONORMA Project): norms for verbal span, visuospatial span, letter and number sequencing, trail making test, and symbol digit modalities test.
(2009)

As part of the Spanish Multicenter Normative Studies (NEURONORMA project), we provide age- and education-adjusted norms for the following instruments: verbal span (digits), visuospatial span (Corsi's test), letter-number sequencing (WAIS-III), trail making test, and symbol digit modalities test. The sample consists of 354 participants who are cognitively normal, community-dwelling, and age ranging from 50 to 90 years. Tables are provided to convert raw scores to age-adjusted scaled scores. These were further converted into education-adjusted scaled scores by applying regression-based adjustments. The current norms should provide clinically useful data for evaluating elderly Spanish people. These data may be of considerable use for comparisons with other normative studies. Limitations of these normative data are mainly related to the techniques of recruitment and stratification employed.
Cross-cultural adaptation of health-related quality of life measures: literature review and proposed guidelines.
(1993)

Clinicians and researchers without a suitable health-related quality of life (HRQOL) measure in their own language have two choices: (1) to develop a new measure, or (2) to modify a measure previously validated in another language, known as a cross-cultural adaptation process. We propose a set of standardized guidelines for this process based on previous research in psychology and sociology and on published methodological frameworks. These guidelines include recommendations for obtaining semantic, idiomatic, experiential and conceptual equivalence in translation by using back-translation techniques and committee review, pre-testing techniques and re-examining the weight of scores. We applied these guidelines to 17 cross-cultural adaptation of HRQOL measures identified through a comprehensive literature review. The reporting standards varied across studies but agreement between raters in their ratings of the studies was substantial to almost perfect (weighted kappa = 0.66-0.93) suggesting that the guidelines are easy to apply. Further research is necessary in order to delineate essential versus optional steps in the adaptation process.
Low Power Magnetic Full-Adder Based on Spin Transfer Torque MRAM
(2013)

Power issues have become a major problem of CMOS logic circuits as technology node shrinks below 90 nm. In order to overcome this limitation, emerging logic-in-memory architecture based on nonvolatile memories (NVMs) are being investigated. Spin transfer torque (STT) magnetic random access memory (MRAM) is considered one of the most promising NVMs thanks to its high speed, low power, good endurance, and 3-D back-end integration. This paper presents a novel magnetic full-adder (MFA) design based on perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) STT-MRAM. It provides advantageous power efficiency and die area compared with conventional CMOS-only full adder (FA). Transient simulations have been performed to validate this design by using an industrial CMOS 40 nm design kit and an accurate STT-MRAM compact model including physical models and experimental measurements.
A Wideband Dual-Polarized Antenna for LTE700/GSM850/GSM900 Applications
(2017)

A novel resonator-loaded wideband dual-polarized antenna is proposed for LTE700/GSM850/GSM900 applications. Four single-polarized miniaturized antenna elements are placed with square arrangement upon the reflector for dual polarization. One pair of parallel elements is for +45° polarization, and the other pair is for –45° polarization. The impedance bandwidth is greatly improved loaded with a resonator. Experimentally, the antenna exhibits a wide impedance bandwidth of 37.5% ranging from 0.67 to 0.98 GHz for |<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$S$</tex-math></inline-formula><sub>11</sub>|<–15 dB, high isolation of more than 40 dB, and stable gain of around 9.5 dBi over the whole operating band.
Sex differences in mate preferences revisited: do people know what they initially desire in a romantic partner?
(2008)

In paradigms in which participants state their ideal romantic-partner preferences or examine vignettes and photographs, men value physical attractiveness more than women do, and women value earning prospects more than men do. Yet it remains unclear if these preferences remain sex differentiated in predicting desire for real-life potential partners (i.e., individuals whom one has actually met). In the present study, the authors explored this possibility using speed dating and longitudinal follow-up procedures. Replicating previous research, participants exhibited traditional sex differences when stating the importance of physical attractiveness and earning prospects in an ideal partner and ideal speed date. However, data revealed no sex differences in the associations between participants' romantic interest in real-life potential partners (met during and outside of speed dating) and the attractiveness and earning prospects of those partners. Furthermore, participants' ideal preferences, assessed before the speed-dating event, failed to predict what inspired their actual desire at the event. Results are discussed within the context of R. E. Nisbett and T. D. Wilson's (1977) seminal article: Even regarding such a consequential aspect of mental life as romantic-partner preferences, people may lack introspective awareness of what influences their judgments and behavior.
Distributed active transformer-a new power-combining andimpedance-transformation technique
(2001)

In this paper, we compare the performance of the newly introduced distributed active transformer (DAT) structure to that of conventional on-chip impedance-transformations methods. Their fundamental power-efficiency limitations in the design of high-power fully integrated amplifiers in standard silicon process technologies are analyzed. The DAT is demonstrated to be an efficient impedance-transformation and power-combining method, which combines several low-voltage push-pull amplifiers in series by magnetic coupling. To demonstrate the validity of the new concept, a 2.4-GHz 1.9-W 2-V fully integrated power-amplifier achieving a power-added efficiency of 41% with 50input and output matching has been fabricated using 0.35-μm CMOS transistors Item Type: Article Additional Information: © Copyright 2002 IEEE. Reprinted with permission. Manuscript received May 27, 2001. [Posted online: 2002-08-07] This work was supported by the Intel Corporation, the Army Research Office, the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Infinion, and the National Science Foundation. The authors thank Conexant Systems for chip fabrication, particularly R. Magoon, F. In’tveld, J. Powell, A. Vo, and K. Moye. K. Potter, D. Ham, and H.Wu, all of the California Institute of Technology (Caltech), Pasadena, deserve special thanks for their assistance. The technical support for CAD tools from Agilent Technologies and Sonnet Software Inc., Liverpool, NY, are also appreciated. “Special Issue on Silicon-Based RF and Microwave Integrated Circuits”, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. 50, no. 1, part 2 Subject
A simplified design approach for radial power combiners
(2006)

It is known that a radial power combiner is very effective in combining a large number of power amplifiers, where high efficiency (greater than 90%) over a relatively wide band can be achieved. However, its current use is limited due to its design complexity. In this paper, we develop a step-by-step design procedure, including both the initial approximate design formulas and suitable models for final accurate design optimization purposes. Based on three-dimensional electromagnetic modeling, predicted results were in excellent agreement with those measured. Practical issues related to the radial-combiner efficiency, its graceful degradation, and the effects of higher order package resonances are discussed here in detail
A planar probe double ladder waveguide power divider
(2005)

The successful demonstration of a 1:4 power divider using microstrip probes and a WR-430 rectangular waveguide is presented. The 15-dB return loss bandwidth of the nonoptimized structure is demonstrated to be 22% and its 0.5-dB insertion loss bandwidth 26%. While realized through conventional machining, such a structure is assembled in a fashion consistent with proven millimeter and submillimeter-wave micromachining techniques. Thus, the structure presents a potential power dividing and power combining architecture, which through micromachining, may be used for applications well above 100GHz.
A Ka-band power amplifier based on the traveling-wave power-dividing/combining slotted-waveguide circuit
(2004)

An eight-device Ka-band solid-state power amplifier has been designed and fabricated using a traveling-wave power-dividing/combining technique. The low-profile slotted-waveguide structure employed in this design provides not only a high power-combining efficiency over a wide bandwidth, but also efficient heat sinking for the active devices. The measured maximum small-signal gain of the eight-device power amplifier is 19.4 dB at 34 GHz with a 3-dB bandwidth of 3.2 GHz (f/sub L/=31.8 GHz, f/sub H/=35 GHz). The measured maximum output power at 1-dB compression (P/sub out/ at 1 dB) from the power amplifier is 33 dBm (/spl sim/2 W) at 32.2 GHz, with a power-combining efficiency of 80%. Furthermore, performance degradation of this power amplifier due to device failures has also been simulated and measured.
Broad-Band High-Power Amplifier Using Spatial Power-Combining Technique
(2001)

High power, broad bandwidth, high linearity, and low noise are among the most important features in amplifier design. The broad-band spatial power-combining technique addresses all these issues by combining the output power of a large quantity of microwave monolithic integrated circuit (MMIC) amplifiers in a broad-band coaxial waveguide environment, while maintaining good linearity and improving phase noise of the MMIC amplifiers. A coaxial waveguide was used as the host of the combining circuits for broader bandwidth and better uniformity by equally distributing the input power to each element. A new compact coaxial combiner with much smaller size is investigated. Broad-band slotline to microstrip-line transition is integrated for better compatibility with commercial MMIC amplifiers. Thermal simulations are performed and an improved thermal management scheme over previous designs is employed to improve the heat sinking in high-power application. A high-power amplifier using the compact combiner design is built and demonstrated to have a bandwidth from 6 to 17 GHz with 44-W maximum output power. Linearity measurement has shown a high third-order intercept point of 52 dBm. Analysis shows the amplifier has the ability to extend spurious-free dynamic range by 2 3 times. The amplifier also has shown a residual phase floor close to 140 dBc at 10-kHz offset from the carrier with 5–6-dB reductions compared to a single MMIC amplifier it integrates.
Multimodal Gesture Recognition Using 3-D Convolution and Convolutional LSTM
(2017)

Gesture recognition aims to recognize meaningful movements of human bodies, and is of utmost importance in intelligent human–computer/robot interactions. In this paper, we present a multimodal gesture recognition method based on 3-D convolution and convolutional long-short-term-memory (LSTM) networks. The proposed method first learns short-term spatiotemporal features of gestures through the 3-D convolutional neural network, and then learns long-term spatiotemporal features by convolutional LSTM networks based on the extracted short-term spatiotemporal features. In addition, fine-tuning among multimodal data is evaluated, and we find that it can be considered as an optional skill to prevent overfitting when no pre-trained models exist. The proposed method is verified on the ChaLearn LAP large-scale isolated gesture data set (IsoGD) and the Sheffield Kinect gesture (SKIG) data set. The results show that our proposed method can obtain the state-of-the-art recognition accuracy (51.02% on the validation set of IsoGD and 98.89% on SKIG).
Unsupervised image segmentation using convolutional autoencoder with total variation regularization as preprocessing
(2017)

Conventional unsupervised image segmentation methods use color and geometric information and apply clustering algorithms over pixels. They preserve object boundaries well but often suffer from over-segmentation due to noise and artifacts in the images. In this paper, we contribute on a preprocessing step for image smoothing, which alleviates the burden of conventional unsupervised image segmentation and enhance their performance. Our approach relies on a convolutional autoencoder (CAE) with the total variation loss (TVL) for unsupervised learning. We show that, after our CAE-TVL preprocessing step, the over-segmentation effect is significantly reduced using the same unsupervised image segmentation methods. We evaluate our approach using the BSDS500 image segmentation benchmark dataset and show the performance enhancement introduced by our approach in terms of both increased segmentation accuracy and reduced computation time. We examine the robustness of the trained CAE and show that it is directly applicable to other natural scene images.