SoroushVahidi/scidocs huggingface dataset:
Design of Highly Integrated Mechatronic Gear Selector Levers for Automotive Shift-by-Wire Systems
(2010)

Increased requirements regarding ergonomic comfort, limited space, weight reduction, and electronic automation of functions and safety features are on the rise for future automotive gear levers. At the same time, current mechanical gear levers have restrictions to achieve this. In this paper, we present a monostable, miniaturized mechatronic gear lever to fulfill these requirements for automotive applications. This solution describes a gear lever for positioning in the center console of a car to achieve optimal ergonomics for dynamic driving, which enables both automatic and manual gear switching. In this paper, we describe the sensor and actuator concept, safety concept, recommended shift pattern, mechanical design, and the electronic integration of this shift-by-wire system in a typical automotive bus communication network. The main contribution of this paper is a successful system design and the integration of a mechatronic system in new applications for optimizing the human-machine interface inside road vehicles.
Batch Identification Game Model for Invalid Signatures in Wireless Mobile Networks
(2017)

Secure access is one of the fundamental problems in wireless mobile networks. Digital signature is a widely used technique to protect messages’ authenticity and nodes’ identities. From the practical perspective, to ensure the quality of services in wireless mobile networks, ideally the process of signature verification should introduce minimum delay. Batch cryptography technique is a powerful tool to reduce verification time. However, most of the existing works focus on designing batch verification algorithms for wireless mobile networks without sufficiently considering the impact of invalid signatures, which can lead to verification failures and performance degradation. In this paper, we propose a Batch Identification Game Model (BIGM) in wireless mobile networks, enabling nodes to find invalid signatures with reasonable delay no matter whether the game scenario is complete information or incomplete information. Specifically, we analyze and prove the existence of Nash Equilibriums (NEs) in both scenarios, to select the dominant algorithm for identifying invalid signatures. To optimize the identification algorithm selection, we propose a self-adaptive auto-match protocol which estimates the strategies and states of attackers based on historical information. Comprehensive simulation results in terms of NE reasonability, algorithm selection accuracy, and identification delay are provided to demonstrate that BIGM can identify invalid signatures more efficiently than existing algorithms.
International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems Design of a Control System for an Autonomous Vehicle Based on Adaptive-PID Regular Paper
(2012)

The  autonomous  vehicle  is  a  mobile  robot integrating  multi‐sensor  navigation  and  positioning, intelligent decision making and control  technology. This paper  presents  the  control  system  architecture  of  the autonomous vehicle, called “Intelligent Pioneer”, and the path  tracking  and  stability  of  motion  to  effectively navigate  in unknown  environments  is discussed.  In  this approach,  a  two  degree‐of‐freedom  dynamic  model  is developed to formulate the path‐tracking problem in state space format. For controlling the instantaneous path error, traditional  controllers  have  difficulty  in  guaranteeing performance and stability over a wide range of parameter changes and disturbances. Therefore, a newly developed adaptive‐PID  controller  will  be  used.  By  using  this approach the flexibility of the vehicle control system will be  increased  and  achieving  great  advantages. Throughout,  we  provide  examples  and  results  from Intelligent Pioneer and the autonomous vehicle using this approach  competed  in  the  2010  and  2011  Future Challenge of China. Intelligent Pioneer finished all of the competition programmes and won  first position  in 2010 and third position in 2011.
Random synaptic feedback weights support error backpropagation for deep learning
(2016)

The brain processes information through multiple layers of neurons. This deep architecture is representationally powerful, but complicates learning because it is difficult to identify the responsible neurons when a mistake is made. In machine learning, the backpropagation algorithm assigns blame by multiplying error signals with all the synaptic weights on each neuron's axon and further downstream. However, this involves a precise, symmetric backward connectivity pattern, which is thought to be impossible in the brain. Here we demonstrate that this strong architectural constraint is not required for effective error propagation. We present a surprisingly simple mechanism that assigns blame by multiplying errors by even random synaptic weights. This mechanism can transmit teaching signals across multiple layers of neurons and performs as effectively as backpropagation on a variety of tasks. Our results help reopen questions about how the brain could use error signals and dispel long-held assumptions about algorithmic constraints on learning.
Getting Formal with Dopamine and Reward
(2002)

Recent neurophysiological studies reveal that neurons in certain brain structures carry specific signals about past and future rewards. Dopamine neurons display a short-latency, phasic reward signal indicating the difference between actual and predicted rewards. The signal is useful for enhancing neuronal processing and learning behavioral reactions. It is distinctly different from dopamine's tonic enabling of numerous behavioral processes. Neurons in the striatum, frontal cortex, and amygdala also process reward information but provide more differentiated information for identifying and anticipating rewards and organizing goal-directed behavior. The different reward signals have complementary functions, and the optimal use of rewards in voluntary behavior would benefit from interactions between the signals. Addictive psychostimulant drugs may exert their action by amplifying the dopamine reward signal.
Deep Big Multilayer Perceptrons for Digit Recognition
(2012)

The competitive MNIST handwritten digit recognition benchmark has a long history of broken records since 1998. The most recent advancement by others dates back 8 years (error rate 0.4%). Good old on-line back-propagation for plain multi-layer perceptrons yields a very low 0.35% error rate on the MNIST handwritten digits benchmark with a single MLP and 0.31% with a committee of seven MLP. All we need to achieve this until 2011 best result are many hidden layers, many neurons per layer, numerous deformed training images to avoid overfitting, and graphics cards to greatly speed up learning.
Feature-based attention influences motion processing gain in macaque visual cortex
(1999)

Changes in neural responses based on spatial attention have been demonstrated in many areas of visual cortex, indicating that the neural correlate of attention is an enhanced response to stimuli at an attended location and reduced responses to stimuli elsewhere. Here we demonstrate non-spatial, feature-based attentional modulation of visual motion processing, and show that attention increases the gain of direction-selective neurons in visual cortical area MT without narrowing the direction-tuning curves. These findings place important constraints on the neural mechanisms of attention and we propose to unify the effects of spatial location, direction of motion and other features of the attended stimuli in a ‘feature similarity gain model’ of attention.
Condition monitoring of helicopter drive shafts using quadratic-nonlinearity metric based on cross-bispectrum
(2014)

Based on cross-bispectrum, quadratic-nonlinearity coupling between two vibration signals is proposed and used to assess health conditions of rotating shafts in an AH-64D helicopter tail rotor drive train. Vibration data are gathered from two bearings supporting the shaft in an experimental helicopter drive train simulating different shaft conditions, namely, baseline, misalignment, imbalance, and combination of misalignment and imbalance. The proposed metric shows better capabilities in distinguishing different shaft settings than the conventional linear coupling based on cross-power spectrum.
Internet security architecture
(1999)

Fear of security breaches has been a major r eason f or the business world’ s reluctance to embrace the Inter net as a viable means of communication. A widely adopted solution consists of physically separating private networks from the rest of Internet using firewalls. This paper discusses the curr ent cryptographic security measures available for the Internet infrastructur e as an alternative to physical segregation. First the IPsec ar chitecture including security protocols in the Internet Layer and the related key management pr oposals are introduced. The transport layer security protocol and security issues in the netw ork control and management are then presented. The paper is addr essed to r eaders with a basic understanding of common security mechanisms including encryption, authentication and key exchange techniques.
Client attachment, attachment to the therapist and client-therapist attachment match: how do they relate to change in psychodynamic psychotherapy?
(2014)

OBJECTIVE
We examined the associations between client attachment, client attachment to the therapist, and symptom change, as well as the effects of client-therapist attachment match on outcome. Clients (n = 67) and their therapists (n = 27) completed the ECR to assess attachment.


METHOD
Clients completed also the Client Attachment to Therapist scale three times (early, middle, and late sessions) and the OQ-45 at intake and four times over the course of a year of psychodynamic psychotherapy.


RESULTS
Clients characterized by avoidant attachment and by avoidant attachment to their therapist showed the least improvement. A low-avoidant client-therapist attachment match led to a greater decrease in symptom distress than when a low-avoidant therapist treated a high-avoidant client.


CONCLUSIONS
These findings suggest the importance of considering client-therapist attachment matching and the need to pay attention to the special challenges involved in treating avoidant clients in order to facilitate progress in psychotherapy.
Prioritized multi-task compliance control of redundant manipulators
(2015)

We propose a new approach for dynamic control of redundant manipulators to deal with multiple prioritized tasks at the same time by utilizing null space projection techniques. The compliance control law is based on a new representation of the dynamics wherein specific null space velocity coordinates are introduced. These allow to efficiently exploit the kinematic redundancy according to the task hierarchy and lead to a dynamics formulation with block-diagonal inertia matrix. The compensation of velocity-dependent coupling terms between the tasks by an additional passive feedback action facilitates a stability analysis for the complete hierarchy based on semi-definite Lyapunov functions. No external forces have to be measured. Finally, the performance of the control approach is evaluated in experiments on a torque-controlled robot. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
The Concept of Flow
(2014)

What constitutes a good life? Few questions are of more fundamental importance to a positive psychology. Flow research has yielded one answer, providing an understanding of experiences during which individuals are fully involved in the present moment. Viewed through the experiential lens of flow, a good life is one that is characterized by complete absorption in what one does. In this chapter, we describe the flow model of optimal experience and optimal development, explain how flow and related constructs have been measured, discuss recent work in this area, and identify some promising directions for future research.
Corporate social responsibility and bank customer satisfaction A research agenda
(2008)

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and customer outcomes. Design/methodology/approach – This paper reviews the literature on CSR effects and satisfaction, noting gaps in the literature. Findings – A series of propositions is put forward to guide future research endeavours. Research limitations/implications – By understanding the likely impact on customer satisfaction of CSR initiatives vis-à-vis customer-centric initiatives, the academic research community can assist managers to understand how to best allocate company resources in situations of low customer satisfaction. Such endeavours are managerially relevant and topical. Researchers seeking to test the propositions put forward in this paper would be able to gain links with, and possibly attract funding from, banks to conduct their research. Such endeavours may assist researchers to redefine the stakeholder view by placing customers at the centre of a network of stakeholders. Practical implications – An understanding of how to best allocate company resources to increase the proportion of satisfied customers will allow bank marketers to reduce customer churn and hence increase market share and profits. Originality/value – Researchers have not previously conducted a comparative analysis of the effects of different CSR initiatives on customer satisfaction, nor considered whether more customer-centric initiatives are likely to be more effective in increasing the proportion of satisfied customers.
Essential Layers, Artifacts, and Dependencies of Enterprise Architecture
(2006)

After a period where implementation speed was more important than integration, consistency and reduction of complexity, architectural considerations have become a key issue of information management in recent years again. Enterprise architecture is widely accepted as an essential mechanism for ensuring agility and consistency, compliance and efficiency. Although standards like TOGAF and FEAF have developed, however, there is no common agreement on which architecture layers, which artifact types and which dependencies constitute the essence of enterprise architecture. This paper contributes to the identification of essential elements of enterprise architecture by (1) specifying enterprise architecture as a hierarchical, multilevel system comprising aggregation hierarchies, architecture layers and views, (2) discussing enterprise architecture frameworks with regard to essential elements, (3) proposing interfacing requirements of enterprise architecture with other architecture models and (4) matching these findings with current enterprise architecture practice in several large companies.
Agent-based control for decentralised demand side management in the smart grid
(2011)

Central to the vision of the smart grid is the deployment of smart meters that will allow autonomous software agents, representing the consumers, to optimise their use of devices and heating in the smart home while interacting with the grid. However, without some form of coordination, the population of agents may end up with overly-homogeneous optimised consumption patterns that may generate significant peaks in demand in the grid. These peaks, in turn, reduce the efficiency of the overall system, increase carbon emissions, and may even, in the worst case, cause blackouts. Hence, in this paper, we introduce a novel model of a Decentralised Demand Side Management (DDSM) mechanism that allows agents, by adapting the deferment of their loads based on grid prices, to coordinate in a decentralised manner. Specifically, using average UK consumption profiles for 26M homes, we demonstrate that, through an emergent coordination of the agents, the peak demand of domestic consumers in the grid can be reduced by up to 17% and carbon emissions by up to 6%. We also show that our DDSM mechanism is robust to the increasing electrification of heating in UK homes (i.e., it exhibits a similar efficiency).
Maxillary length at 11-14 weeks of gestation in fetuses with trisomy 21.
(2004)

OBJECTIVE
To determine the value of measuring maxillary length at 11-14 weeks of gestation in screening for trisomy 21.


METHODS
In 970 fetuses ultrasound examination was carried out for measurement of crown-rump length (CRL), nuchal translucency and maxillary length, and to determine if the nasal bone was present or absent, immediately before chorionic villus sampling for karyotyping at 11-14 weeks of gestation. In 60 cases the maxillary length was measured twice by the same operator to calculate the intraobserver variation in measurements.


RESULTS
The median gestation was 12 (range, 11-14) weeks. The maxilla was successfully examined in all cases. The mean difference between paired measurements of maxillary length was -0.012 mm and the 95% limits of agreement were -0.42 (95% CI, -0.47 to -0.37) to 0.40 (95% CI, 0.35 to 0.44) mm. The fetal karyotype was normal in 839 pregnancies and abnormal in 131, including 88 cases of trisomy 21. In the chromosomally normal group the maxillary length increased significantly with CRL from a mean of 4.8 mm at a CRL of 45 mm to 8.3 mm at a CRL of 84 mm. In the trisomy 21 fetuses the maxillary length was significantly shorter than normal by 0.7 mm and in the trisomy 21 fetuses with absent nasal bone the maxilla was shorter than in those with present nasal bone by 0.5 mm. In fetuses with other chromosomal defects there were no significant differences from normal in the maxillary length.


CONCLUSION
At 11-14 weeks of gestation, maxillary length in trisomy 21 fetuses is significantly shorter than in normal fetuses.
From e-commerce to social commerce: A close look at design features
(2013)

E-commerce is undergoing an evolution through the adoption of Web 2.0 capabilities to enhance customer participation and achieve greater economic value. This new phenomenon is commonly referred to as social commerce, however it has not yet been fully understood. In addition to the lack of a stable and agreed-upon definition, there is little research on social commerce and no significant research dedicated to the design of social commerce platforms. This study offers literature review to explain the concept of social commerce, tracks its nascent state-of-the-art, and discusses relevant design features as they relate to e-commerce and Web 2.0. We propose a new model and a set of principles for guiding social commerce design. We also apply the model and guidelines to two leading social commerce platforms, Amazon and Starbucks on Facebook. The findings indicate that, for any social commerce website, it is critical to achieve a minimum set of social commerce design features. These design features must cover all the layers of the proposed model, including the individual, conversation, community and commerce levels. 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
A spectrogram-based audio fingerprinting system for content-based copy detection
(2015)

This paper presents a novel audio fingerprinting method that is highly robust to a variety of audio distortions. It is based on an unconventional audio fingerprint generation scheme. The robustness is achieved by generating different versions of the spectrogram matrix of the audio signal by using a threshold based on the average of the spectral values to prune this matrix. We transform each version of this pruned spectrogram matrix into a 2-D binary image. Multiple versions of these 2-D images suppress noise to a varying degree. This varying degree of noise suppression improves likelihood of one of the images matching a reference image. To speed up matching, we convert each image into an n-dimensional vector, and perform a nearest neighbor search based on this n-dimensional vector. We give results with two different feature parameters and their combination. We test this method on TRECVID 2010 content-based copy detection evaluation dataset, and we validate the performance on TRECVID 2009 dataset also. Experimental results show the effectiveness of these features even when the audio is distorted. We compare the proposed method to two state-of-the-art audio copy detection systems, namely NN-based and Shazam systems. Our method by far outperforms Shazam system for all audio transformations (or distortions) in terms of detection performance, number of missed queries and localization accuracy. Compared to NN-based system, our approach reduces minimal Normalized Detection Cost Rate (min NDCR) by 23 % and improves localization accuracy by 24 %.
More than Just Two Sexes: The Neural Correlates of Voice Gender Perception in Gender Dysphoria
(2014)

Gender dysphoria (also known as "transsexualism") is characterized as a discrepancy between anatomical sex and gender identity. Research points towards neurobiological influences. Due to the sexually dimorphic characteristics of the human voice, voice gender perception provides a biologically relevant function, e.g. in the context of mating selection. There is evidence for a better recognition of voices of the opposite sex and a differentiation of the sexes in its underlying functional cerebral correlates, namely the prefrontal and middle temporal areas. This fMRI study investigated the neural correlates of voice gender perception in 32 male-to-female gender dysphoric individuals (MtFs) compared to 20 non-gender dysphoric men and 19 non-gender dysphoric women. Participants indicated the sex of 240 voice stimuli modified in semitone steps in the direction to the other gender. Compared to men and women, MtFs showed differences in a neural network including the medial prefrontal gyrus, the insula, and the precuneus when responding to male vs. female voices. With increased voice morphing men recruited more prefrontal areas compared to women and MtFs, while MtFs revealed a pattern more similar to women. On a behavioral and neuronal level, our results support the feeling of MtFs reporting they cannot identify with their assigned sex.