A security device for transporting and/or storing paper items of value includes an enclosed area ( 1 ) for receiving the items of value. The enclosed area is associated with at least one reservoir ( 3 ) for an irreversible paper destruction product ( 4 ) which can be dispersed on the items of value ( 2 ), controlled by a control device ( 5 ).

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
   The present invention relates to a security device for transporting and/or storing paper items of value. 
   DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED ART 
   It is known that the transport and/or storage of such items of value is(are) currently effected by using enclosures for receiving the items of value, it being possible for these enclosures to be formed, for example, by boxes, armoured cabinets or also secured cases, etc. . . . 
   Despite all the precautions taken, for some time now a fresh upsurge has been witnessed in attacks against, for example, the transport vehicles used and against their crews. 
   It has therefore been decided to associate with the enclosures for receiving items of value, reservoirs of staining product which is suitable for being dispersed on the items of value in the enclosures and the functioning of which is controlled by control means. 
   Various types of control means have been developed, for example, remote-control means or control means activated by operators of a vehicle. 
   These staining products are formed by inks or pigments which are in theory intended to render the items of value unusable. However, there is no way of guaranteeing that products for washing and chemically treating the items of value thus stained have not been or will not be discovered, which would then enable, for example, criminals to wash and treat the items of value in order to bring them back into circulation. 
   It is known, for example, that several new chemical products are developed every day and that it is impossible to test all these products and their combinations to determine whether the inks and pigments used are really reliable. 
   By way of example, it is known that dimethylformamide, hydrochloric acid, hydrogen peroxide, oxalic acid and Javel water, like other products, are very readily available on the market and can be used to wash, for example, banknotes and restore the appearance they had prior to staining so that they can be recycled. 
   It will therefore be appreciated that the protection of paper items of value by staining is not completely reliable and no longer acts as a deterrent. 
   The object of the invention is therefore to solve those problems. 
   To that end, the invention relates to a security device for transporting and/or storing paper items of value, of the type comprising an enclosure for receiving those items of value, characterised in that the enclosure is associated with at least one reservoir of product for the irreversible destruction of paper, which product is suitable for being dispersed on the items of value under the control of control means. 


   
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     The invention will be better understood on reading the following description which is given purely by way of example and with reference to the appended drawing which represents a block diagram illustrating the general structure of a device according to the invention. 
     A security device for transporting and/or storing paper items of value has been shown in this FIGURE. 
   


   DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
   The device comprises an enclosure for receiving the items of value, the enclosure being marked by the general reference  1  and being, for example, in the form of a secured case, the items of value for their part being marked by the general reference  2  and being, for example, in the form of banknotes or the like, such as, for example, title deeds, contracts, etc. . . . 
   The enclosure is associated with at least one reservoir  3  of product  4  for the irreversible destruction of paper, which product is suitable for being dispersed on the items of value under the control of control means marked by the general reference  5 . 
   The control means are connected to means for detecting a triggering event, such as, for example, a contact  6  for detecting the unauthorised opening of the case or means  7  for checking the integrity thereof, in order, in the case of an attempt at break-in, to enable the control means  5  to trigger the operation of means  8  for dispersing the destruction product on the items of value. 
   These dispersion means comprise, for example, a pyrotechnic trigger associated with the reservoir, in a conventional manner. 
   Consideration may of course be given to other control means, such as, for example, means for detecting whether or not a security signal has been received, as known. 
   The enclosure may also be formed by a box, an armoured cabinet, etc., located in a vehicle, a building, etc. 
   Paper items of value, such as, for example, banknotes, are constituted by paper, the basic, and almost unique, element of which is cellulose. 
   The destruction of cellulose by breaking the bonds between the macromolecules thereof enables cellobiose to be obtained. 
   In the case of banknotes, substrates, such as gelatin and printing inks, are fixed to the cellulose by electronic bonds. The destruction of the macromolecules and their conversion into cellobiose also destroys the electronic bonds to the substrates (inks and gelatin). Those substrates are therefore diluted and mixed in the destruction product. The destruction process is therefore irreversible. 
   The destruction of paper can be effected more or less rapidly by means of several chemical products. In the case of the destruction of banknotes, or other documents, it is preferable to use methods that are rapid and compatible with the action time of the criminals during an attack, that is to say, from a few seconds to a few minutes. This more or less rapid destruction of the paper, and therefore of the banknotes or the like, may, for example, be achieved by using strong mineral acids and preferably strong oxidising acids. Such acids are, for example, sulphuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, perbromic acid or periodic acid. 
   It is also possible to use additional oxidising products. Such oxidising products may be, for example, sulphur dioxide, nitric oxide, ozone and potassium chloride and permanganate. 
   This list of products for destroying the cellulose of banknotes, or other documents, is not restrictive and not exhaustive. In addition, combinations of these products may be considered. 
   However, some of these acids may pose safety problems for the personnel handling the device. According to one particularly preferred embodiment, the destruction product comprises periodic acid. 
   Preferably, the periodic acid is associated with another acid, preferably a strong acid. According to another preferred embodiment, the destruction product comprises periodic acid and sulphuric acid. A formulation of the destruction product that has proved particularly suitable comprises from 70 to 90%, in particular approximately 80% by weight of 96% sulphuric acid and from 10 to 30, in particular approximately 20% by weight of periodic acid and from 0 to 20% by weight of water. Such a formulation destroys banknotes within a time lapse of the order of one minute. 
   This or these product(s) can be stored under pressure or not in one or more reservoirs associated with the enclosure. 
   The device according to the invention is therefore based on the irreversible destruction of items of value by dispersing thereon a chemical product for destroying paper. 
   The device according to the invention is suitable for any document on a paper support, such as contracts or bank documents. 
   The destruction product may also be associated in the reservoir with a staining product of the conventional type, such as ink or pigments.