Silviase/jgov_v1.4_full_ann huggingface dataset:
regional immigration bureaus were located within the area of seaports, based on the historical background that they were originally established for immigration examination of crew members and passengers on ocean-going vessels. Now, as the primary means of international transportation shifted from vessels to aircraft, immigration examinations at airports became the main service, and as foreign nationals residing in Japan for a long time increased, the Ministry has proceeded to reorganize, integrate or scrap branch offices at seaports to respond to the foregoing change in administrative needs, and has made efforts to re-allocate branch offices by establishing them at local airports where many international flights arrive, places where prefectural offices are located, and other major cities (Reference 79).

As a result, the number of branch offices established in the country through reorganization of regional immigration offices into regional immigration bureaus, which was 103 as of April 1, 1981, is 61 as of April 1, 2017. The establishment of at least one regional immigration control office in each prefecture has been achieved, while branch offices have decreased by about 40% from 1981.

Those branch offices should not only improve convenience for foreign nationals who come to submit various applications or reports but also enhance close cooperation with related local organizations, such as the police, in collecting information on illegal and imposter residents. With a view to enhancing cooperation with local authorities and related organizations which accept foreign nationals who intend to reside in Japan for a medium to long term, it is necessary to continue rationalizing and streamlining the organizational structure, with the aim of ensuring smooth and proper processing, including immigration examination, residence examination, and collection of information on offenders in violation of the Immigration Control Act, and establishing a more comprehensive framework for branch offices.
Reference 79 Reorganization, abolishment or establishment of branch offices of the regional immigration bureaus (actual performance)

(As of April 1, 2017)

Division Fiscal Year	Abolition	Establishment
Name	Location	Name	Location
2000	Amagasaki Port Branch Office Kure Port Branch Office Karatsu Port Branch Office Imari Port Branch Office	Amagasaki City Kure City Karatsu City Imari City	Saga Branch Office	Saga City
2001	Yokosuka Port Branch Office Kagoshima Airport Branch Office Shimizu Port Branch Office Tagonoura Port Branch Office	Yokosuka City Mizobe-cho Aira-gun Shimizu City Fuji City	Shizuoka Branch Office	Shizuoka City
2002	Iwakuni Port Branch Office Yatsushiro Port Branch Office Hitachi Port Branch Office Kashima Port Branch Office	Iwakuni City Yatsushiro City Hitachi City Kamisu-cho Kashima-gun	Kofu Branch Office Gifu Branch Office Otsu Branch Office Mito Branch Office	Kofu City Gifu City Otsu City Mito City
2003	Tokyo Port Branch Office Shibuya Branch Office Muroran Port Branch Office Miyako Port Branch Office Ofunato Port Branch Office Ishinomaki Port Branch Office Sasebo Port Branch Office Naha Port Branch Office	Koto-ku Tokyo Shibuya-ku Tokyo Muroran City Miyako City Ofunato City Ishinomaki City Sasebo City Naha City	Shinjuku Branch Office Morioka Branch Office	Shinjuku-ku Tokyo Morioka City
2004	Aomori Port Branch Office Hachinohe Port Branch Office Yokohama Port Branch Office Nagoya Port Branch Office Nagoya Airport Branch Office Sakai Port Branch Office Kobe Port Branch Office Mizushima Port Branch Office Shibushi Branch Office	Aomori City Hachinohe City Yokohama City Nagoya City Toyoyama-cho Nishikasugai-gun Sakai City Kobe City Kurashiki City Shibushi-cho Soo-gun	Aomori Branch Office	Aomori City
2005	Naoetsu Port Branch Office	Joetsu City
2007	Osaka Port Branch Office Tennoji Branch Office	Osaka City Osaka City	Tobu Branch Office	Edogawa-ku Tokyo
2010	Haneda Airport Branch Office	Ota-ku Tokyo
2014	Otaru Port Branch Office	Otaru City	Asahikawa Branch Office	Asahikawa City
## Section 2 Staff

Immigration Control Staff

### 1. Immigration Control Staff

In immigration centers and regional immigration bureaus, immigration inspectors and immigration control officers are assigned as staffs who are engaged in immigration control duties. In addition, administrative officers of the Ministry of Justice engage in general administrative duties and technical officers of the Ministry of Justice, including doctors, are also assigned.

Immigration inspectors are responsible for (i) examinations and hearings on landing and deportation, (ii) issuance of written detention orders and written deportation orders, (iii) provisional release, and (iv) investigation of recognition of refugees and (v) inquiry into the facts on application regarding statuses of residence. They are also engaged in examining statuses of residence, etc. as assistants for the Minister of Justice.

Immigration control officers are responsible for (i) investigation of violations concerning entry, landing or residence in Japan, (ii) detention, transportation and deportation of foreign nationals in order to execute written detention orders and written deportation orders, (iii) treatment of detainees in immigration centers and detention facilities and guards of these detention facilities, and (iv) inquiry into the facts for continuous identification of information on mid to long-term residents. They fall under police personnel in terms of the National Public Service Act, while falling under public security service staff in terms of the Act on Remuneration of Officials in the Regular Service, because they are often involved in dangerous tasks.

Immigration control officers are divided into seven ranks (keibikan, keibicho, keibishicho, keibishi, keibishiho, keishucho, and keishu, in order of descending superiority) in order to clarify the chain of command for group operations for detection.

Since individual immigration inspectors and immigration control officers perform their duties independently as specialists in immigration control, the specialist system was introduced. These officials are required to have legal knowledge necessary for their duties as well as a balanced point of view from an international perspective and the ability to interact with foreign nationals flexibly while giving consideration to their diverse cultures, custom and religions and their human rights.
### 2. Staff Increase

The number of Immigration Bureau-related staff was 4,614 in FY 2017, which was an increase of about 19% (733) compared to five years ago in FY 2012 when the number was 3,881. However, during this period, the number of cases handled by the immigration offices has remained at a high level, and the immigration control work has been getting more complex and difficult such as the need to balance smooth yet rigorous entry examinations in order to promote Japan as a tourism-oriented country but to prevent terrorist acts and illegal entry; to implement measures to deal with the forged or altered documents that are becoming increasingly more sophisticated; to strengthen the residence management pertaining to foreign nationals after entry into Japan; to enforce strengthened detection and reliable deportation of illegal foreign residents, some of whom are potential criminals; to implement measures against foreign residents disguised as legal residents; and to implement even more appropriate yet stricter examinations of applications for refugee recognition. Further staff increase is necessary in order to deal appropriately and swiftly with such situations and to meet the public needs for administration (Reference 80).
Reference 80 Changes in the number of immigration control office personnel

(People)

Division Fiscal Year	Administrative officials in the Ministry of Justice	Regional Immigration Bureaus	Total
Administrative officials	Inspectors	Control officers	Others	Sub-Total
1985	169	155	703	658	55	1,571	1,740
1990	166	154	777	673	46	1,650	1,816
1995	163	165	1,152	869	38	2,224	2,387
2000	157	164	1,196	998	26	2,384	2,541
2001	156	155	1,211	1,017	26	2,409	2,565
2002	154	146	1,268	1,070	25	2,509	2,663
2003	152	144	1,272	1,101	24	2,541	2,693
2004	142	142	1,343	1,183	23	2,691	2,833
2005	131	122	1,433	1,266	20	2,841	2,972
2006	129	122	1,494	1,367	8	2,991	3,120
2007	128	121	1,580	1,431	8	3,140	3,268
2008	127	129	1,626	1,523	8	3,286	3,413
2009	126	130	1,737	1,564	8	3,439	3,565
2010	126	135	1,881	1,564	8	3,588	3,714
2011	126	139	1,979	1,571	8	3,697	3,823
2012	126	135	2,050	1,562	8	3,755	3,881
2013	126	131	2,089	1,531	8	3,759	3,885
2014	126	131	2,204	1,500	8	3,843	3,969
2015	140	124	2,471	1,459	8	4,062	4,202
2016	140	126	2,680	1,456	8	4,270	4,410
2017	140	134	2,882	1,450	8	4,474	4,614
Training

Scene of an inspection of immigration control officers
## Data Section 3 Budget etc

## Section 1 Budgets

The changes in the budget for immigration control administration are as shown in Reference 81, and amid the severe administrative and financial situation of recent years, the necessary funds to implement the various measures being promoted by the Immigration Bureau were allocated in the FY 2017 budget. The Immigration Bureau will continue to strive to make effective use of the budget and to reduce administrative costs (Reference 81).

Reference 81 Changes in the budget for immigration control administration

$ ^{*1} $ The amount of budget is the initial amount of budget.

$ ^{*2} $ Some figures may not be consistent owing to the fact that the numbers are rounded off to units of 1 million yen.

## Section 2 Facilities

As of March 31, 2017, eight regional immigration bureaus are housed in independent office buildings of the Ministry of Justice (Tokyo, Nagoya, and Osaka), joint office buildings of the Ministry of Justice (Sendai, Hiroshima, Takamatsu, and Fukuoka), and joint office buildings with other national government authorities (Sapporo) respectively. All of the district immigration offices and the branch offices of regional immigration bureaus are housed either in independent office buildings of the Ministry of Justice (Yokohama), general offices of the Ministry of Justice, in office buildings jointly with branch offices of port-related national government authorities, in office building jointly with other national government authorities, in airport terminal building, or in other civil or public facilities.

Two detention centers for foreign nationals in the country are maintained as independent offices of the Ministry of Justice (Omura) and general offices of the Ministry of Justice (Higashi-Nihon).
## Data Section 4 Statistics

## (1) Changes in the Number of New Arrivals and Mid to Long-Term Residents for the Principal Statuses of Residence by Nationality/Region

1–1 Changes in the number of new arrivals with the status of residence of “Highly-Skilled Professional” by nationality/region (People)

Nationality/Region	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016
Total	136	229
United States of America	31	56
China	14	25
India	18	22
United Kingdom	9	18
France	7	16
Taiwan	3	13
Australia	4	13
R.O.Korea	8	10
Canada	3	5
Brazil	2	5
Others	37	46

(*1) The statuses of “Highly-Skilled Professional (i) - (a)”, “Highly-Skilled Professional (i) - (b)”, “Highly-Skilled Professional (i) - (c)” and “Highly-Skilled Professional (ii)” were newly established on April 1, 2015.

(*2) The number for “Highly-Skilled Professional” is an aggregate number of “Highly-Skilled Professional (i)−(a), “Highly-Skilled Professional (i)−(b), “Highly-Skilled Professional (i)−(c)” and “Highly-Skilled Professional (ii)”.

1-2 Changes in the number of mid to long-term residents with the status of residence of “Highly-Skilled Professional” by nationality/region (People)

Nationality/Region	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016
Total	1,508	3,739
China	971	2,426
India	81	195
United States of America	78	194
R.O.Korea	56	140
Taiwan	37	113
France	31	75
United Kingdom	25	64
Viet Nam	20	55
Australia	16	40
Germany	10	24
Others	183	413

(*1) The numbers are based on the statistics as at the end of December each year (Hereinafter the same applies to the tables relating to the number of mid to long-term residents.).

(*2) “China” excludes those who were issued a residence cards and a special permanent resident certificate and had already been included in “Taiwan” in nationality/region section (Hereinafter the same applies to the tables relating to the number of mid to long-term residents).

2–1 Changes in the number of new arrivals with the status of residence of “Business Manager” by nationality/region

Nationality/Region	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016
Total	820	632	984	1,352	2,091
China	215	173	419	701	1,242
R.O.Korea	179	122	165	148	199
United States of America	94	88	94	82	92
Taiwan	36	32	53	57	78
Sri Lanka	23	6	10	14	45
Pakistan	55	23	18	35	43
China (Hong Kong)	7	7	12	26	41
France	30	25	25	41	40
Australia	18	18	22	28	34
United Kingdom	29	16	26	35	28
Others	134	122	140	185	249

(*) In accordance with the amendment of the Act, the status of residence of "Investor/Business Manager" was revised to "Business Manager" on April 1, 2015.
2–2 Changes in the number of mid to long-term residents with the status of residence of “Business Manager” by nationality/region

Nationality/Region	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016
Total	12,609	13,439	15,184	18,109	21,877
China	4,423	5,057	6,394	8,690	11,229
R.O.Korea	2,939	2,917	2,910	2,928	3,039
Nepal	513	585	682	865	1,133
Pakistan	732	759	808	904	1,025
Taiwan	331	460	571	636	762
Sri Lanka	326	339	391	469	672
United States of America	687	654	648	650	664
India	307	301	300	320	355
Bangladesh	181	191	206	224	272
Afghanistan	172	196	222	228	258
Others	1,998	1,980	2,052	2,195	2,468

3-1 Changes in the number of new arrivals with the status of residence of “Engineer/Specialist in Humanities/International Services” by nationality/region (People)

Nationality/Region	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016
Total	10,209	10,741	14,270	17,690	20,940
China	2,636	2,759	3,759	4,524	5,016
Viet Nam	918	835	1,314	2,212	2,839
R.O.Korea	1,006	990	1,231	1,780	2,487
India	953	1,111	1,655	1,525	1,696
United States of America	1,152	1,240	1,346	1,382	1,510
Philippines	423	445	778	939	1,170
Taiwan	314	348	559	768	1,016
United Kingdom	354	435	503	511	507
Sri Lanka	105	103	149	352	428
Thailand	136	170	209	260	341
Others	2,212	2,305	2,767	3,437	3,930

$ ^{*1} $ In accordance with the amendment of the Act, the status of residence was revised to “Engineer/Specialist in Humanities/International Services” on April 1, 2015.

$ ^{*2} $ For the years from 2012 to 2014, the number for each year is the number combining “Engineer” and “Specialist in Humanities/International Services”.

3–2 Changes in the number of mid to long-term residents with the status of residence of “Engineer/Specialist in Humanities/International Services” by nationality/region

Nationality/Region	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016
Total	111,994	115,357	122,794	137,706	161,124
China	54,461	53,911	55,447	60,504	68,274
R.O.Korea	15,122	15,307	15,429	16,669	18,936
Viet Nam	3,792	4,588	5,875	8,784	13,570
United States of America	6,943	7,190	7,468	7,661	8,110
Taiwan	1,702	2,964	4,242	5,536	7,204
India	4,144	4,380	5,027	5,302	5,940
Philippines	2,898	2,988	3,454	4,149	5,016
Nepal	980	1,251	1,484	2,046	3,278
United Kingdom	2,883	2,940	2,982	3,013	3,183
Sri Lanka	1,509	1,580	1,683	1,997	2,374
Others	17,560	18,258	19,703	22,045	25,239

$ ^{*} $ For the years from 2012 to 2014, the number for each year is the number combining “Engineer” and “Specialist in Humanities/International Services”.

4–1 Changes in the number of new arrivals with the status of residence of “Intra-company Transferee” by nationality/region (People)

Nationality/Region	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016
Total	6,126	6,245	7,209	7,202	7,652
China	1,967	2,085	2,433	2,404	2,448
Philippines	669	670	698	714	899
R.O.Korea	491	470	514	536	631
India	505	565	760	677	579
Viet Nam	240	346	399	484	555
Thailand	381	301	361	421	519
United States of America	383	404	411	321	304
Taiwan	173	169	199	201	244
Indonesia	221	251	208	194	204
Germany	125	127	144	186	170
Others	971	857	1,082	1,064	1,099
4–2 Changes in the number of mid to long-term residents with the status of residence of “Intra-company Transferee” by nationality/region (People)

Nationality/Region	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016
Total	14,867	15,218	15,378	15,465	15,772
China	5,257	5,405	5,593	5,615	5,741
R.O.Korea	1,750	1,697	1,624	1,612	1,597
India	1,340	1,315	1,365	1,301	1,208
Philippines	1,023	1,120	1,132	1,143	1,123
Viet Nam	415	497	515	656	841
United States of America	980	1,054	883	771	707
Thailand	565	525	524	574	669
Taiwan	350	454	526	532	596
Germany	360	371	389	451	432
France	323	310	304	352	373
Others	2,504	2,470	2,523	2,458	2,485

5–1 Changes in the number of new arrivals with the status of residence of “Entertainer” by nationality/region

(People)

Nationality/Region	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016
Total	34,969	37,096	35,253	37,155	39,057
R.O.Korea	6,528	6,566	5,893	6,251	7,221
United States of America	6,514	6,341	6,498	5,791	6,155
Philippines	1,984	2,680	3,149	3,306	3,961
United Kingdom	2,916	3,534	2,920	3,354	2,998
Germany	1,594	1,285	1,333	1,522	1,657
France	1,320	1,770	1,381	1,210	1,589
Russia	1,982	1,063	1,519	1,806	1,503
Italy	866	1,696	1,348	1,095	1,395
China	964	1,022	1,070	1,246	1,036
Austria	943	624	516	601	1,009
Others	9,358	10,515	9,626	10,973	10,533

5–2 Changes in the number of mid to long-term residents with the status of residence of “Entertainer” by nationality/region (People)

Nationality/Region	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016
Total	1,646	1,662	1,967	1,869	2,187
Philippines	344	367	436	388	548
United States of America	288	278	374	344	369
R.O.Korea	305	283	262	224	199
China	177	147	126	123	125
Brazil	105	102	114	116	121
Australia	58	58	82	77	106
Thailand	72	72	51	59	82
Canada	21	26	52	34	57
Russia	13	19	44	47	47
United Kingdom	29	28	57	45	47
Others	234	282	369	412	486

6–1 Changes in the number of new arrivals with the status of residence of “Skilled Labor” by nationality/region

(People)

Nationality/Region	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016
Total	4,910	2,030	2,360	6,421	6,404
Nepal	809	832	927	3,065	2,806
India	432	188	317	450	573
China	2,920	427	311	312	491
Estonia	0	0	0	399	293
Latvia	0	0	0	58	176
Ukraine	0	1	1	0	167
Thailand	162	129	171	168	143
Romania	0	1	3	166	125
Lithuania	0	0	0	311	123
Philippines	59	49	64	96	122
Others	528	403	566	1,396	1,385
6–2 Changes in the number of mid to long-term residents with the status of residence of “Skilled Labor” by nationality/region (People)

Nationality/Region	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016
Total	33,863	33,425	33,374	37,202	39,756
China	19,023	18,139	17,240	16,174	15,606
Nepal	6,209	6,775	7,412	10,134	12,480
India	3,798	3,762	3,926	4,222	4,621
Thailand	1,032	1,066	1,117	1,133	1,191
R.O.Korea	1,394	1,253	1,092	1,019	966
Philippines	330	350	376	445	516
Estonia	0	0	0	370	363
Viet Nam	179	182	212	238	307
Bangladesh	279	243	235	256	299
Lithuania	1	2	1	389	244
Others	1,618	1,653	1,763	2,822	3,163

7-1 Changes in the number of new arrivals with the status of residence of “Technical Intern Training (i)” by nationality/region

(People)

Nationality/Region	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016
Total	67,915	67,426	82,516	96,987	106,118
Viet Nam	7,449	10,130	19,489	32,652	43,774
China	49,172	44,377	43,971	38,327	32,895
Philippines	4,264	4,827	6,997	9,918	10,741
Indonesia	3,818	4,144	5,888	7,289	8,050
Thailand	1,994	2,443	3,210	3,658	4,126
Cambodia	227	325	1,125	2,104	2,759
Myanmar	16	71	659	1,769	2,403
Mongolia	214	206	277	321	408
Laos	112	134	127	131	177
Malaysia	53	75	191	217	172
Others	596	694	582	601	613

$ ^{*} $ The number for “Technical Intern Training (i)” is the number combining “Technical Intern Training (i)-(a)” and “Technical Intern Training (i)-(b)”.

7-2 Changes in the number of mid to long-term residents with the status of residence of “Technical Intern Training (i)” by nationality/region (People)

Nationality/Region	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016
Total	63,281	61,680	77,516	91,885	102,585
Viet Nam	7,379	9,857	19,434	32,399	43,868
China	45,713	40,571	40,974	35,490	30,999
Philippines	3,846	4,193	6,413	9,375	10,165
Indonesia	3,644	3,885	5,631	6,994	7,890
Thailand	1,688	2,010	2,613	3,078	3,664
Cambodia	214	304	1,042	2,045	2,610
Myanmar	16	76	579	1,585	2,336
Mongolia	206	202	273	314	392
Laos	113	130	137	130	175
Sri Lanka	110	66	91	128	129
Others	352	386	329	347	357

8 Changes in the number of mid to long-term residents with the status of residence of “Technical Intern Training (ii)” by nationality/region (People)

Nationality/Region	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016
Total	88,196	93,526	90,110	100,770	126,003
China	65,682	66,603	59,119	53,596	49,858
Viet Nam	9,336	11,775	14,605	25,182	44,343
Philippines	4,996	5,884	6,308	8,365	12,509
Indonesia	5,454	6,179	6,591	8,313	10,835
Thailand	1,776	1,937	2,310	3,006	3,615
Cambodia	211	288	376	1,061	2,255
Myanmar	71	44	52	393	1,624
Mongolia	215	247	243	310	382
Laos	163	166	156	191	219
Sri Lanka	63	114	92	95	136
Others	229	289	258	258	227

$ ^{*} $ The number for “Technical Intern Training (ii)” is the number combining “Technical Intern Training (ii)-(a)” and “Technical Intern Training (ii)-(b)”.
9–1 Changes in the number of new arrivals with the status of residence of “Student” by nationality/region

(People)

Nationality/Region	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016
Total	57,579	70,007	82,460	99,556	108,146
China	26,554	24,583	28,566	32,830	38,662
Viet Nam	4,372	14,098	14,862	23,018	22,268
R.O.Korea	5,855	5,524	5,066	5,706	6,482
Nepal	1,830	4,864	8,013	6,712	5,728
Taiwan	2,833	3,164	3,930	4,768	5,091
United States of America	2,910	2,825	2,807	3,061	3,100
Sri Lanka	319	470	1,039	1,636	2,958
Indonesia	1,172	1,306	1,655	2,243	2,434
Thailand	1,447	1,564	1,963	2,127	2,176
Myanmar	464	582	984	1,785	1,893
Others	9,823	11,027	13,575	15,670	17,354

9–2 Changes in the number of mid to long-term residents with the status of residence of “Student” by nationality/region

(People)

Nationality/Region	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016
Total	180,919	193,073	214,525	246,679	277,331
China	113,980	107,435	105,557	108,331	115,278
Viet Nam	8,811	21,231	32,804	49,809	62,422
Nepal	4,793	8,892	15,697	20,278	22,967
R.O.Korea	18,643	17,189	15,765	15,405	15,438
Taiwan	4,829	6,353	7,528	8,709	9,537
Indonesia	2,917	3,219	3,797	4,768	5,607
Sri Lanka	1,033	1,252	1,981	3,219	5,597
Myanmar	1,674	1,842	2,363	3,473	4,553
Thailand	3,212	3,411	3,818	4,190	4,376
Malaysia	2,483	2,478	2,607	2,755	2,925
Others	18,544	19,771	22,608	25,742	28,631

10-1 Changes in the number of new arrivals with the status of residence of “Trainee” by nationality/region

(People)

Nationality/Region	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016
Total	17,957	16,486	16,162	15,702	15,740
Indonesia	1,384	1,139	1,256	1,148	1,376
Viet Nam	1,127	1,211	1,358	964	1,034
Thailand	1,404	1,069	1,109	942	910
Myanmar	484	696	883	786	868
China	1,923	1,488	1,025	964	699
Philippines	733	645	740	603	548
India	838	612	574	537	522
Malaysia	687	395	442	408	461
Cambodia	333	433	402	442	371
Bangladesh	344	216	346	354	352
Others	8,700	8,582	8,027	8,554	8,599

10–2 Changes in the number of mid to long-term residents with the status of residence of “Trainee” by nationality/region

(People)

Nationality/Region	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016
Total	1,804	1,501	1,427	1,521	1,379
China	444	336	253	257	232
Viet Nam	233	196	217	197	197
Thailand	290	218	232	271	183
Indonesia	141	178	120	138	169
Philippines	137	81	123	115	106
Myanmar	22	35	61	31	43
Malaysia	52	39	30	41	41
India	100	87	68	62	33
Brazil	33	34	28	23	33
Mexico	39	13	3	17	29
Others	313	284	292	369	313