Silviase/jgov_v1.4_full_ann huggingface dataset:
についても同様である。)。

○ こうした取組みを円滑に進めるためにも、平素より、学校や大規模な事業所と連携を図るとともに、訓練等により浸透を図る必要がある。

## 7 ．民間企業による協力の確保

災害時の民間企業の役割として、「企業内の防災」のみならず、「地域の防災力」を確保する上での役割が重要になっている。企業の持つ物理的スペースが、住民避難に役立つのみならず近隣地域への情報提供等についても、重要な役割を果たしうる。

例えば、昼間大都市部において、武力攻撃やテロが発生した場合においても、企業単位で地域の避難誘導を主体的に実施したり、電光掲示板等によるタイムリーな情報の提供（例えば、平時は企業情報を提供し、事態発生時には、警報等の安全情報を提供）は、大きな効果を生む。

（参考例：大手町、丸の内、有楽町地区では、地区全体の課題に対処するため、企業同士で「隣組」を構築し、その防災力を共同で開発する取組みが高く評価されている。4月の尼崎市列車事故では、周辺の事業所が被災者の救出・救助・搬送に重要な役割を果たした。）

このため、各地域において、こうした取組みを行う民間企業をPRすることなどにより、地域において、民間企業が住民避難等を支援する体制づくりを進めるべきである。

### 8. 住民の「自助」努力による取組みの促進

○ 災害時では、「自助7割、共助2割、公助1割」であると、一般に指摘されており、特に初動の対応は、阪神・淡路大地震の際の教訓に照らしても、個々人の自助能力が鍵であるとされている。つまり、テロ生起現場は、多数の住民が生活している場でもあり、住民自らが身を守る必要があるということである。

☐ 事案の発生直後は、危険を回避し被害を軽減するため非常に重要な時間であるが、その時点での行政側の対応には一定の限界があり、国民一人一人が危険回避のために問題意識を持って対応できるよう、平素からの啓発を強化する必要がある。

○ 各市（町村）においても、武力攻撃事態あるいは大規模なテロに際し、住民自ら行うべきことについて、研修会や訓練を通じて、平素から周知するよう努力することが期待されている。そうした取組みは、緊急時に一定の方向に人々の行動を収斂させるという効果も有しており、安全かつ円滑な避難実施の点からも有効である。

※ 攻撃発生当初の段階では、個々人の判断により、現場における次の行動を考える。

爆発音を聞いた直後は、とっさに低い姿勢になり、身の安全を守るとともに、周囲の状況を確認する。
・速やかに爆発が起こった建物などからできる限り離れる。

近隣の堅牢な建物や地下街など屋内に避難する。また、移動に際しては、現場に消防職員、警察官又は海上保安官がいる場合には、その指示に従って、落ち着いて行動する。

異変の起こった地域には、むやみに近寄らない。

※「武力攻撃やテロなどから身を守るために」(内閣官房)参考
Part II.

Major Policies

Related to

Immigration Control

Administration

Chapter 1 Amendment of the Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act

Chapter 2 Establishment of the Act on Proper Technical Intern Training and Protection of Technical Intern Trainees

Chapter 3 Acceptance of Foreign Nationals and Immigration Control Administration

Chapter 4 Smooth and Strict Implementation of Immigration Examination at the Port of Entry

Chapter 5 Measures Against Illegal and Imposter Foreign Residents, etc.

Chapter 6 Promotion of Appropriate and Prompt Refugee Protection

Chapter 7 Responses to International Society and International Situations

Chapter 8 Improvement of Public Relations Activities and Public Services

Chapter 9 Policy for the Achievement of a Symbiotic Society Co-existing with Foreign Nationals
## Amendment of the Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act Chapter 1

On November 18, 2016, the “Act for Partial Amendment of the Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act” (Act No. 88 of 2016) was passed at the 192nd session of the National Diet, and promulgated on the 28th of the same month.

An outline of the Act is as given below.

## Section 1 Establishment of the New Status of Residence of “Nursing Care”

A new status of residence “Nursing Care” was established enabling international students who have graduated from an institution of higher education designated as a care worker training facility in Japan, and who have acquired the qualification of a certified care worker to engage in nursing care or the instructions of nursing care as a Certified Care Worker (effective from September 1, 2017).

## Section 2 Strengthening of Countermeasures Against Imposter Residents

Previously there were no penalties in place for persons who had received landing permission or permission to change their status of residence etc. by means of fraud or other illegal means, and in addition, the status of residence could be revoked solely in cases where the persons had not engaged for three months in the original authorized activities.

(i) Penalties were established for persons who received landing permission and permission to change their status of residence etc. through fraud or other illegal means.

(ii) Grounds for revocation of the status of residence were added. Namely, it has become possible to revoke the status of residence immediately a foreign national resides in Japan without engaging in the activities corresponding to the status of residence previously granted and is moreover, engaging in or attempting to engage in other activities.

In addition, as well as the immigration inspectors, it has also become possible for immigration control officers to conduct inquiry into the facts relating to revocation of the status of residence (effective from January 1, 2017).
Chapter 2

## Establishment of the Act on Proper Technical Intern Training and Protection of Technical Intern Trainees

On November 18, 2016, the “Act on Proper Technical Intern Training and Protection of Technical Intern Trainees” (Act No. 89 of 2016) was passed at the 192nd session of the National Diet and promulgated on the 28th of the same month.

An outline of the Act is as given below.

## Section 1 Measures for Optimization of the System

### 1. Strengthening of the System of Management and Supervision

A system of accreditation of the technical intern training plans was introduced and skill evaluation at each stage of the training became mandatory in order to ensure that technical intern training is being implemented in line with the intent of the system, which is to promote international cooperation through skill transfer, etc. to developing regions, etc. In addition, a licensing system was introduced for supervising organizations (effective from November 1, 2017).

### 2. Protection of the Technical Intern Trainees

Provisions on prohibition and penalties for such acts by an implementing organization or a supervising organization as those confiscating passports or residence cards of technical intern trainees and such acts by a supervising organization as those stipulating contract breaching penalties were established (effective from November 1, 2017).

### 3. Establishment of Organization on Technical Intern Training

The Organization for Technical Intern Training was established as a legal entity responsible for the administrative affairs relating to accreditation of the technical intern training plans and the licenses for the supervising organizations, on-site inspections of the implementing organizations and supervising organizations, and consultations for the technical intern trainees, etc. (enforced on November 28, 2016, and established on January 25, 2017).

## Section 2 Measures for Expansion of the System

Technical intern training (iii) (two years), which is the third stage of the technical intern training can only be conducted when the technical intern training is conducted under an excellent implementing organization and supervising organization, and based on this, the maximum total period of the technical intern training can be extended up to five years.
## Acceptance of Foreign Nationals and Immigration Control Administration

## Section 1 Promotion of the Acceptance of Highly-Skilled Foreign Professionals

### 1. Outline of Points-Based Preferential Treatment for Highly-Skilled Foreign Professionals

Japan introduced preferential immigration treatment based on the points-based system for highly-skilled foreign professionals (hereinafter referred to as “points-based system for highly-skilled professionals”) in May 2012, and has since been promoting the acceptance of highly-skilled foreign professionals. The points-based system for highly-skilled professionals aims at foreign nationals who have advanced capabilities and qualities and are expected to contribute to Japan’s economic growth and divides the contents of the activities of the highly-skilled foreign professionals into the three categories of “advanced academic research activities”, “advanced specialized/technical activities” and “advanced business management activities”. According to the characteristic features of each category, points are awarded for each item such as “academic background”, “professional career” and “annual salary”, and if the total number reaches 70 points, such a foreign national is recognized as a “highly-skilled foreign professional” and becomes eligible for preferential immigration treatment.

Following the introduction of the system, a recommendation was made by the 6th Immigration Policy Discussions Panel to the Minister of Justice to revise the points-based system for highly-skilled professionals in May 2013. In the “Japan Revitalization Strategy” approved by the Cabinet on June 14 of the same year, a goal was set out to revise the system and to start the new system within the same year. Based on these, the Immigration Bureau amended the Ministry of Justice public notice on December 17 of the same year with the aim of revising the criteria for recognition pertaining to highly-skilled foreign professionals and revising the preferential treatment.

In order to further promote the acceptance of foreign human resources who possess a high degree of professional competence, the statuses of residence of “Highly-Skilled Professional (i)” and “Highly-Skilled Professional (ii)” were newly established by an amendment of the Immigration Control Act in 2014 for highly-skilled foreign professionals who had previously been granted the status of residence of “Designated Activities”.

### 2. “Highly-Skilled Professional (i)” and “Highly-Skilled Professional (ii)”

The new statuses of residence of “Highly-Skilled Professional (i)” and “Highly-Skilled Professional (ii)” established by the 2014 Amendment Act are both limited to foreign nationals who meet the criteria prescribed in the Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice, and in response, the
Ordinance to Provide for the Criteria in the Right-Hand Column Corresponding to “Highly-Skilled Professionals as Specified in the Appended Table I (2) of the Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act” (Ministerial Ordinance No. 37 of 2014) was enacted and the criteria were set. With regard to “Highly-Skilled Professional (i)”, the criteria for the points-based system for highly-skilled professionals followed those previously the status of residence of “Designated Activities”. And the total number of points set for each of the categories of “academic background”, “professional career” and “annual salary” needs to reach 70 points or more. In addition, with regard to “Highly-Skilled Professional (ii)”, the total number of points needs to be 70 points or more as with “Highly-Skilled Professional (i)”, and moreover, foreign nationals are required to reside in Japan for three years or more with the status of residence of “Highly-Skilled Professional (i)”, to engage in the activities for the status, to demonstrate good behavior and to be deemed to suit Japan’s interests.

## (1) Preferential Treatment for “Highly-Skilled Professional (i)”

A. Grant of period of stay for five years

B. Permission to engage in activities covering multiple statuses of residence

C. Permission for the spouse of the highly-skilled foreign professional to work $ (^{*1}) $

D. Permission for the parent(s) to accompany the highly-skilled foreign professional to Japan under certain conditions $ ^{(*2)} $

E. Relaxation of requirements for permanent residence

F. Permission for a domestic worker to accompany the highly-skilled foreign professional to Japan under certain conditions $ ^{(*3)} $

G. Preferential processing of entry and residence procedures

## (2) Preferential Treatment for “Highly-Skilled Professional (ii)”

A. Engaging in almost all of the statuses of residence based on employment, in conjunction with the activities is permitted.

B. An indefinite period of stay is granted

C. The preferential treatment of the abovementioned from C. to F of (1) is provided.

Although the status of residence of “Highly-Skilled Professional (ii)” has no restrictions on the period of stay and cannot be granted at the time of landing similar to the status of residence of “Permanent Resident”, it differs from the status of residence of “Permanent Resident”, which has no restrictions on activities, because the status of residence of “Highly-Skilled Professional (ii)” requires engaging in activities as a highly-skilled foreign professional. As a result, if a foreign national with the status of residence of “Highly-Skilled Professional (ii)” does not engage in the activities as a highly-skilled foreign professional for an ongoing period of six months or more, this may become grounds for revocation of the status of residence, and there are certain requirements which are not imposed on the status of residence of “Permanent Resident” such as the requirement to notice the organization of affiliation (workplace, etc.) to the Minister of Justice. On the other hand, foreign nationals with the status of residence of “Highly-Skilled Professional (ii)”
Professional (ii)” are given preferential immigration treatment which is not accorded to “Permanent Resident” such as allowing parents or a domestic worker to accompany the highly-skilled foreign professional.

### 3. Situation of Acceptance

After the start of the system in May 2012, the cumulative number of cases of recognition up until the end of 2013 was a low number of 845, but the number of new cases of recognition has significantly increased following the policy reform made in December of the same year. The “Growth Strategy 2017” (approved by the Cabinet decision of June 9, 2017) set a goal of recognition of 10,000 highly-skilled foreign professionals in number by the end of 2020, and 20,000 highly-skilled foreign professionals by the end of 2022. By the end of June 2017, 8,515 foreign nationals were recognized as highly-skilled foreign professionals since the start of the system (Reference 69).

Reference 69 Changes in the total number of cases of recognition through the points-based system for highly-skilled professionals

### 4. Publicity Measures

It is important to proactively conduct publicity measures and to promote the use of the points-based system for highly-skilled professionals in order to have as many highly-skilled foreign professionals utilize the system as possible. Therefore, the Immigration Bureau has been conducting the following kinds of publicity measures.

(i) A special “Points-based System for Highly-Skilled Professionals” page was created in the Immigration Bureau’s website on which easily-comprehensible explanations on the system can be found in Japanese and English

(Japanese: http://www.immi-moj.go.jp/newimmiact_3/index.html,

English: http://www.immi-moj.go.jp/newimmiact_3/en/index.html.

In addition, as well as attaching banners to specially prepared pages on the websites of the
relevant ministries and agencies, videos of the points-based system for highly-skilled professionals have been aired on the government public relations broadcasting site, “Japanese Government Internet TV”.

(ii) A leaflet which clearly shows at a glance how the points are calculated has been created, and in coordination with the relevant ministries and agencies, officers of the Immigration Bureau have been sent to the various conferences hosted by companies, universities and other organizations, which are likely to employ the highly-skilled foreign professionals in order to give a talk explaining the system.

The Immigration Bureau intends to continue its efforts to enhance its publicity measures relating to the points-based system for highly-skilled professionals with the cooperation of the relevant ministries and agencies.

### 5. Establishment of a “Japanese Green Card for Highly-Skilled Foreign Professionals”, etc

The “Japan Revitalization Strategy 2016” (approved by the Cabinet decision of June 2, 2016) proposed the establishment of the world’s fastest “Japanese Green Card for Highly-Skilled Foreign Professionals” greatly reducing the current five-year period of stay required for the application for permanent residence for highly-skilled foreign professionals as one of the “considerations of an entry and residence management system further inviting highly-skilled foreign professionals to Japan”, and the requirements were also reviewed and further promotion of publicity for the system conducted from the perspective of making the points-based system for highly-skilled professionals more accessible.

Based on the above, as a result of investigation with the relevant ministries and agencies, the residence period required in the applications for permanent residence of highly-skilled foreign professionals was reduced from the previous five years to three years (to one year for those human resources with specially outstanding abilities (where the total number of points is 80 points or more)), and additional point categories were added, and these measures have been implemented since April 2017.
Special Zones consults the relevant ministries as to whether the level of knowledge and skills, etc. of the foreign nationals equivalent to the academic qualifications and practical experience required for the current landing permission criteria may be substituted with qualifications, examinations or awards, etc. in or outside of Japan.

If deemed appropriate as landing permission criteria as a result of the consultation, the Council on National Strategic Special Zones establishes the project as a special zone plan, and if the special zone plan is approved by the Prime Minister, the landing examination criteria for foreign nationals for the supporting overseas demand development, etc. specified in a Cabinet order as special measures for the Ministerial Ordinance for Landing Criteria, will be deemed to be the criteria prescribed by the Ordinance on Criteria, and if the foreign national meets these criteria, he or she will be permitted entry with the status of residence of “Engineer/ Specialist in Humanities/ International Services” or “Skilled Labor”.
## Section 3 Other Measures

### 1. Time-Limited Emergency Measures in the Fields of Construction and Shipbuilding

In order to deal with the further acceleration of the reconstruction projects and temporary increased demand for construction owing to the 2020 Tokyo Olympic and Paralympic Games, a decision was made by the Ministerial Committee on the Employment of Foreign Workers in the Construction Field (April 4, 2014) to permit as an emergency measure for a limited time, foreign nationals who have completed their technical intern training in the construction field to engage in construction work in Japan with the status of residence of “Designated Activities” under a special supervision framework, in principle, for a maximum period of two years (three years in the case of a person who has returned to their home country for a period of one year or more following the completion of their technical intern training), on condition that utmost efforts have been made to secure human resources in Japan.

In response, the “Public Notice on Projects for Acceptance of Foreign Construction Workers” (Public Notice of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism), which provides for the specific contents of the measures, was announced in August 2014, with the administrative work of certifying trustworthy supervising organizations, etc. commencing in January 2015, and those foreign construction workers who are eligible under these measures being accepted from April of the same year.

In addition, with regard to the shipping industry, which tends to see a large two-way flow of human resources to and from the construction industry, the “Japan Revitalization Strategy (Revised in 2014)” (approved by a Cabinet decision on June 24, 2014) stated that time-limited emergency measures similar to those of the construction industry should be taken, and therefore, the “Public Notice on Projects for Acceptance of Foreign Shipbuilding Workers” (Public Notice of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism), which provides for the specific contents of the measures was announced in December 2014, with the administrative work of certifying trustworthy supervising organizations, etc. commencing in January 2015, and those foreign shipbuilding workers who are eligible under these measures being accepted from April of the same year.

Moreover, these projects for acceptance are a temporary measure until FY 2020.

### 2. Domestic Acceptance of Employees from Overseas Subsidiaries in the Manufacturing Industry

In light of fears about de-industrialization within Japan due to accelerating overseas expansion by Japanese manufacturing industry, the “Japan Revitalization Strategy (Revised in 2014)” (approved by a Cabinet decision on June 24, 2014) proposed the development of a system that will enable domestic bases to function as mother plants, carrying out production activities based on a division of roles with overseas bases, and which will also facilitate research and development and capital investment based on this premise. In response, a system that requires approval of the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry, was introduced in March 2016 in
order to make it possible to accept employees from overseas subsidiaries of Japanese manufactures to Japan, with acceptance permitted limited to a maximum limit of one year.

### 3. Revision of the Requirements for the Status of Residence of Ski Instructors

Based on the fact that there is an increasing number of foreign tourists enjoying skiing in Japan, the “Japan Revitalization Strategy” (revised in 2015) (approved by the Cabinet decision of June 30, 2015) included a proposal to implement a survey on the needs of ski resort related persons at the earliest possible date with regard to the requirements for the status of residence of foreign ski instructors, to proceed with a study on a requirement to replace the requirement of years of practical experience and to obtain a conclusion.

As a result of the study, the landing permission criteria for foreign ski instructors were revised, and with regard to foreign ski instructors who intend to enter and stay in Japan with the status of residence of “Skilled Labor”, even in the absence of at least three years of practical teaching of sports, equivalent persons will be permitted to enter and stay; and specifically, with regard to the skills related to skiing, if the foreign national has the ISIA card issued by the International Ski Instructor Association (ISIA), he or she will be deemed eligible, and operation of this requirement commenced on July 22, 2016.

### 4. Formulation of the Public Notice Criteria for Japanese Language Education Institutions

Japanese language education institutions pertaining to the status of residence of “Student” were specified by a public notice of the Ministry of Justice based on the results of an examination conducted by a private organization, but the Administrative Reform Council Working Group convened in May 2010 pointed out that Article 63 of the Ordinance for Enforcement of the Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act regulating the framework was ambiguous and should be revised to become a clearer legal system. To respond to this, the provision of Article 63 of the Enforcement Ordinance was abolished in July 2016, and with regard to the Ministerial Ordinance to Provide for Landing Criteria, the provision was stipulated that the Minister of Justice would ask the opinion of the Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. At the same time, the “Criteria for the Public Notice of Japanese Language Education Institutions” were formulated as the judgment criteria for the public notice, and they are to be applied to Japanese language education institutions opening from October 2017, and as for the existing Japanese language education institutions, they are required to conform to these standards by the end of July 2018.