B. Categories of FinTech Services

(a) LendingUnder the lending service, lenders and borrowers are gathered via the Internet and rated before lending is conducted. The service is called P2P (person to person) lending or social lending. Borrowers cover individuals and corporations.	(b) SettlementThe service uses smartphones for credit card settlement. Many FinTech companies traditionally have launched the service, including those that have grown into large enterprises. Some companies have recently begun to use Bitcoin technology.
(c) RemittanceThe service provides mobile remittance including international and P2P remittance at low prices. Remittance can be made even in the absence of bank accounts for remittance beneficiaries. The service has attracted attention as a means for expatriates' remittance to their home countries.	(d) Personal financingThe service serves as an interface between mobile terminals and banks, providing mobile terminal-based banking. It can provide individuals with advice for preventing excessive spending.
(d) Capital fundraisingThe service matches money-seeking venture companies with individual investors, allowing these companies to raise capital funds. Investors can invest in initial public offering companies.	(e) Personal asset managementThe service manages customers' assets in an easy-to-understand manner through account aggregation to integrate bank account information as accepted by customers.
(f) SME servicesThe service supports the management of accounts receivable and payable, and of fixed assets, the preparation of bills, wage and tax payments and other accounting and tax procedures for small and medium enterprises and micro companies.	(h) Personal investment supportThe service uses software to provide advice on personal investment at low prices. In a manner to answer questions, the service allows customers to develop portfolios, select themes for investment and use big data analysis for asset management.

## (2) Sharing Economy (C2C services)

Transactions between individual consumers have expanded via smartphone. In this respect, sharing economy and C2C services are taken up here.

### A. What Is Sharing Economy?

Sharing economy represents economic vitalization activities to allow assets owned by consumers to become available for others through Internet matching platforms. These assets include skills, time and other intangibles. As sharing economy services are expected to contribute to the vitalization of the Japanese economy, to the improvement of national life convenience, to the effective utilization of idled assets and to the resolution of social problems by providing new values to people and society, the Japanese sharing economy market is expanding.

According to a survey by Yano Economic Institute, Japan's sharing economy market size is predicted to expand from about 28.5 billion yen in FY2015 to 60 billion yen by 2020.

Sharing economy services match individuals willing to provide assets or skills with those willing to be provided with them through the Internet. The dissemination of smartphones has allowed such matching to be conducted at any time and place on a real-time basis. Backing up sharing is SNS.

According to the “Interim Report by the Sharing Economy Review Conference – Sharing Economy Promotion Program $ ^{6} $ ” (hereinafter referred to as the program), the creditworthiness of individuals that had been difficult to infer in the absence of their faces through the Internet has become visible to some extent thanks to the dissemination of social media using real names, allowing citizens to select and use services provided by individuals. This indicates that SNS and smartphones synergistically promote sharing services.

### B. Categories of Sharing Economy Services

The program classifies targets for sharing into five categories – goods, space, skill, transportation and money.

## (a) Sharing involving goods (goods and sharing)

This category of services allows unused goods to be shared between individuals, including flea market apps and rental services.

## (b) Services for sharing personally owned spaces (space and sharing)

This category of services includes accommodation using vacant housing rooms, allowing housing spaces, parking areas and conference rooms to be shared.

## (c) Services for asking individuals to undertake housekeeping or any other jobs (skills and sharing)

This category of services includes housekeeping, nursing care, childcare, knowledge and cooking services.

## (d) Sharing involving transportation (transportation and sharing)

This category of services include ride sharing as well as car sharing in which individuals use their own cars to transport others.

## (e) Sharing involving money (money and sharing)

This category of services includes crowd funding.