Silviase/jgov_v1.4_full_ann huggingface dataset:
## 2 販売目的で栽培した果樹

販売目的で栽培している果樹の栽培面積を記入してください。

## 記入上の注意

露地で栽培面積が1アールに満たない場合も1と記入してください。

同様に、施設で1㎡に満たない場合も1と記入してください。

露地 ha (町) (反) a (敵)	施設 (a) m²
りんご	521	522
がどう	523	524
日本なし	525	526
もも	527	528
温州みかん	529	530
なつみかん	531	532
その他のかんきつ類	537	538
かき	539	540
くり	541	542
うめ	543	544
ブルーベリー	549	550
その他の果樹	551	552

(その他の果樹は、さくらんぼ、すもも、いちじく、キウイフルーツなどの合計を記入してください)

## 3 販売目的で栽培したきのこ類

過去1年間に販売目的で栽培したきのこ類を〇で囲んでください。

(該当するものすべてを〇で囲みます)

えのきたけ	しいたけ	しめじ類	まいたけ	その他
561	1	1	1	1	1

## 4 販売目的で飼っている家畜等

販売目的で飼っている家畜の頭羽数を記入してください。

(1) 乳用牛（搾乳目的で飼っている牛）

頭
2歳(24か月齢)以上	572
2歳(24か月齢)未満	573

(2) 肉用牛

頭
和牛などの肉用種	子取り用めす牛(子取り用めす牛を含みます)	576
肥 育 中 の 牛(肥育する予定の子牛を含みます)	577
売る予定の子牛等	578
和牛と乳用種の交雑種	肥 育 中 の 牛(肥育する予定の子牛を含みます)	579
売る予定の子牛	580
肉用として飼っている乳用種	肥 育 中 の 牛(肥育する予定の子牛を含みます)	581
売る予定の子牛	582
計(576～582までの計)

(3) 豚

頭
子取り用めす豚(6か月齢以上)	584
肥育中の豚(肥育する予定の子豚、種豚を含みます)	585

(4) 採卵鶏

卵の販売目的で飼っている採卵鶏(ひなどりを含む)を記入してください。

万 千 百 十 羽
飼っている羽数	590

採卵用及びプロイラー用のひなの生産を目的とする種卵採取を行うための鶏(おすを含む)を記入してください。

万 千 百 十 羽
飼っている羽数(6か月齢以上)	591

(6) プロイラー

万 千 百 十 羽
過去1年間に出荷した羽数	592

(7) 鶏のふ卵、育すう

鶏のふ卵、育すうについて記入してください。

万	千	百	十	個
ふ卵器の最大入卵可能個数	593

万 千 百 十 羽
ひなの年間出荷羽数(初生びなは除きます)	594
## 【7】農産物の販売

1 過去1年間の農産物の販売金額(売上高)の合計はどれくらいですか。(畜産物、まゆ、栽培きのこも含みます)

(該当に○印を記入します)

## 2 農産物の部門別販売金額の順位とその割合

過去1年間に農産物の販売のあった場合に記入してください。

どの部門の販売金額(売上高)が多かったか、1位、2位、3位の部門に〇印をつけてください。同じ割合の場合は作付け面積の多い方を上位にしてください。

1位 2位 3位 割
水 稻 · 陸 稻	603	1 | 2 | 3
麦 類	604	1 | 2 | 3
雑穀 · (いも類・豆類)	605	1 | 2 | 3
工 芸 農 作 物 (たばこ、蒸、さとうきび、こんにゃく(いもなど)	606	1 | 2 | 3
露 地 野 菜	607	1 | 2 | 3
施 設 野 菜	608	1 | 2 | 3
果樹類 (露地及び施設栽培)	609	1 | 2 | 3
花き・花木 (露地及び施設栽培)	610	1 | 2 | 3
その 他 の 作 物 (芝、種苗、牧草、栽培きのこ類など)	611	1 | 2 | 3
酪 農	612	1 | 2 | 3
肉 用 牛 (肉用として餌っている乳用種を含みます)	613	1 | 2 | 3
養 豚	614	1 | 2 | 3
養鶏 (プロイラーを含みます)	615	1 | 2 | 3
養 蚕	616	1 | 2 | 3
その他の畜産 (養蜂を含みます)	617	1 | 2 | 3

3 過去1年間に販売した農産物の出荷先について、すべての出荷先とそのうち販売金額が最も多かった出荷先を記入してください。

農協	農險以外の集出荷団体	卸売市場	小売業者	食品遺産等外食廃業	消費者に直接販売	その他
該当する出荷先	620	1	1	1	1	1	1
売上1位の出荷先	621	1	2	3	4	5	6

(該当する出荷先については、該当するものすべてを〇で囲みます)(売上1位の出荷先は、該当する番号を必ず一つだけ〇で囲みます)

## 【8】農作業の委託

過去1年間によそに委託した水稻作作業について記入してください。

記入上の注意

・経営を委託したものは耕地の貸付けとなり、ここには含めません。

・水稲作のすべての作業とは、「育苗」、「耕起・代かき」、「田植」、「防除」、「稲刈り・脱穀」、「乾燥・調製」のすべてをいいます。

すべての作業を委託	作業別に委託
育苗	耕起代かき	田植	防除	稻刈り脱穀	乾燥調製
701	1	1	1	1	1	1	1

## 【9】農作業の受託

過去1年間によそから受託した農作業について作業を受託した世帯数と作業面積を記入してください。

記入上の注意

・経営を受託したものは耕地の借入れとなり、ここには

含めません。

・水稻作のすべての作業とは、「育苗」、「耕起・代かき」、「田植」、「防除」、「稻刈り・脱穀」、「乾燥・調製」のすべてをいいます。

## 1 水稻作

すべての作業を受託した	戸数戸	作業面積ha(町)a(反)
作業別に受託した	育苗	713	712
耕起・代かき	715	714
田植	717	716
防除	719	718
稲刈り・脱穀	721	720
乾燥・調製	723	722

## 2 その他

戸数戸	作業面積ha(町)a(日)a(日)
麦作	739	740
大豆作	741	742
野菜作	743	744
果樹作	745	746
飼料用作物	747	748
工芸農作物	749	750
その他の作物	753	754
畜産	755
うち酪農へルパー	756
## 【12】林業労働力

1 過去1年間に林業経営の仕事に従事したすべての人について記入してください。

(一世帯一経営の場合の世帯員の労働は記入する必要はありません)

1～	29日	922

2 過去1年間の林業受託作業のうち素材生産(立木買いによる素材生産を含む)に従事した日数の合計を記入してください。

## 【13】素材生產

過去1年間の素材生産量を記入してください。

1 保有山林において、自ら伐採した素材生産量を記入してください。

2 受託もしくは立木買いによる素材生産量を記入してください。(主伐(請負)及び立木買いによるもの、間伐のうち利用したものを合計してください)

## 【16】林業作業の受託

## 【14】林産物の販売

過去1年間の林業作業の受託について記入してください。

1 過去1年間の林産物の販売について該当するものを選んでください。

## 記入上の注意

・特用林産物とは、薪、炭のほか山林から採取したたけのこ、山菜などをいいますが栽培きのこ類、林業用苗木は含めません。

・よそから立木を購入して素材を生産し販売したものは除きます。

(該当するものすべてを〇で囲みます)

941	1	1	1	1	1	1

2 過去1年間の林産物の販売金額(売上高)の合計はどれくらいですか。

(該当に○印を記入します)

## 【15】林業作業の委託

過去1年間によそに委託した保有山林の林業作業について作業ごとに割合を記入してください。

## 記入上の注意

・下刈りなどとは、下刈り、枝打ち、つる切り、除伐、雪起こしなどの保育作業をいいます。

記入上の注意

・受託先別の割合については、再委託に出したものは除きます。また、国・地方公共団体等には、公社や公団などを含みます。

・受託先別の割合の山林保有者「個人」及び「その他」のうち不在村とは、作業を受託した山林の所在地と、その作業の依頼主(山林保有者)の居住地が同一市区町村でない場合をいいます。

1 山林作業の受託面積及び受託先別の割合を記入してください。

作業受託等面積再委託に出た割合
2 林業作業の受託(立木買いによる素材生産を含む)を行っている地域的範囲について記入してください。

(該当する番号を必ず一つ〇で囲みます)

都府県外(支厅外)
都府県内(支厅内)
市区町村内
旧市区町村内
農業集落内

主な範囲	971	1	2	3	4	5
最遠方範囲	972	1	2	3	4	5

3 林業作業の受託料金収入等について記入してください。

(1)過去1年間の林業作業の受託(立木買いによる素材生産を含む)による料金収入を記入してください。(立木買いによる素材生産の受託料金収入は、素材売却額と立木購入額との差額とします)

(該当に○印を記入します)

(2)受託料金収入のうち、次の受託作業について収入割合を記入してください。

4 林業作業を受託(立木買いによる素材生産を含む)している場合のみ、過去1年間の事業収入1位と2位のものについて記入してください。

(該当する番号を必ず一つ〇で囲みます)

その他の事業
土木工事業
造園工事業
農業
木材・竹材卸売業
製材業・木製品業
林業

1位のもの 975	1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
2位のもの 976	1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

## 【17】その他の林業に関する項目

1 山林を保有している場合のみ、過去1年間の収入が最も多い事業について記入してください。

(該当する番号を必ず一つ〇で囲みます)

林 業	建 設 業	木材・木製品製造業(家具を除く)	パルプ・紙・紙加工品製造業	その他の事業
981	1	2	3	4	5

## 表紙の設問で「家族による経営である」と答えた方のみ記入してください。

2 山林を保有している場合のみ、あなたの世帯で過去1年間の収入が最も多いものについて記入してください。

(該当する番号を必ず一つ〇で囲みます)

雇 わ れ	自 営 業	その他
きまた勤め先	出稼ぎ	日雇・臨時雇	林業	林業以外
982	1	2	3	4	5	6

## 連絡先

調查員氏名

電話番号

## 鳥取県
FY2017

# Summary of the Annual Report on Food, Agriculture and Rural Areas in Japan

Young members of an agricultural corporation conducting rice farming on a 130 ha land in Niigata Prefecture

“Shiomikan (salted orange)” seasoning made from Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu) and a long-established high-end inn’s menu using the seasoning

An automatic diagnosis diagram of rice growth using an automated drone (checking the numbers of ears and kernels on a real-term basis)

A farmer interviewed by female university students publishing a journal describing farmers as seen by university students

# Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries May 2018
Contents

FY2017 Annual Report on Food, Agriculture and Rural Areas in Japan

Special Image of young farmers responsible for next generation

Topic --Toward further development of farming

Topic 1 Agriculture expanded output for 2nd straight year, looking to overseas markets for further development

Topic 2 Conclusion of Japan-EU EPA negotiations and countermeasures

Topic 3 Policy theme for 150th anniversary of Meiji Restoration --Sericulture's great contributions to modernizing Japan

Topic 4 Countryside Stay started

Chapter 1 Securing Stable Food Supply

1. Food self-sufficiency ratio and food self-sufficiency potential index

2. Strategic exploration of global market

3. Global food supply and demand, and efforts for establishing food security

4. Food consumption trends and promotion of Shokuiku (food and nutrition education)

5. Ensuring food safety and consumer confidence

6. Trends of food industry

7. Exploring new demand for agriculture, forestry and fisheries products and food

Chapter 2 Creating Strong Agricultural Structure

1. Promoting structural reform of agriculture

2. Developing and conserving agricultural production infrastructure

3. Production trends for major farm and livestock products

4. Promoting measures to enhance agricultural production competitiveness

5. Promotion of environmental policy such as responses to climate change

6. Agriculture-related organizations supporting agriculture

Chapter 3 Taking Advantage of Local Resources to Promote and Vitalize Rural Areas

1. Present status of rural areas and regional empowerment moves

2. Vitalizing agriculture in hilly and mountainous areas

3. Maintaining and demonstrating multifunctional roles of agriculture and rural areas

4. Wildlife damage and gibber

5. Proactive utilization of local resources

6. Promotion of urban agriculture

7. Coordination between agriculture and various other fields

Chapter 4 Restoration/Reconstruction from Great East Japan Earthquake and Kumamoto Earthquake

1. Restoration/Reconstruction from Great East Japan Earthquake

2. Restoration/Reconstruction from Kumamoto Earthquake
# Image of young farmers responsible for next generation --Toward further development of farming

● While business farmers have aged and decreased, the annual number of newcomers in agriculture has remained high in recent years. Young farmers responsible for the next generation should improve productivity through increased value added and greater business sizes to realize efficient, stable farming business.

● Focusing on young farmers aged 49 or less, the special topic confirms their business characteristics and thoughts about farming through the Census of Agriculture and Forestry and Web questionnaire surveys and analyzes the directions of relevant measures.

### 1. Analyzing business structure of commercial farm households including young farmers

* Hereinafter, commercial farm households with young farmers aged 49 or less are referred to as young farm households and those without such young farmers as non-young farm households.

##

▶ Of commercial farm households, young farm households account for 10% and non-young farm households for 90%.

<2015 Census of Agriculture and Forestry>

Commercial farm households: 1,329,591

Young farm households 140,675

Non-young farm households 1,188,916

➢ A breakdown of commercial farm households by sales amount of agricultural products indicates that 45.2% of young farm households earn 10 million yen or more in sales.

➢ A breakdown of commercial farm households by area of cultivated land under management indicates that 73.1% of young farm households have 10 ha or more of cultivated land under management.

##

In the latest decade, the average cultivated land size for single rice farm entities expanded 1.5-fold for young farm households while leveling for non-young farm households.

Commercial farm households by sales area

Source: MAFF, 2015 Census of Agriculture and Forestry (aggregate calculation after reclassification)

Commercial farm households by area of cultivated land under management

Source: MAFF, 2015 Census of Agriculture and Forestry (aggregate calculation after reclassification)

Average cultivated land size for single rice farm entities

Source: MAFF, Census of Agriculture and Forestry (aggregate calculation after reclassification)
Special Topic: Image of young farmers responsible for future generation – Toward Further development of farming

Moves between cultivated land size brackets for single rice farm entities from 2010 to 2015 indicate that 30.7% of young farm households moved to higher brackets by expanding cultivated land.

①No cultivated land	⑧2.5-3.0ha	⑮20-25ha
②Below 0.3 ha	⑨3.0-4.0ha	⑯25-30ha
③0.3-0.5 ha	⑩4.0-5.0ha	⑰30-40ha
④0.5-1.0 ha	⑱5.0-7.5ha	⑲40-50ha
⑤1.0-1.5 ha	⑳7.5-10ha	㉑50-100ha
⑥1.5-2.0 ha	㉒10-15ha	㉓100 ha or more
㉔2.0-2.5ha	㉕15-20ha

## Among non-single rice farm entities households as well, young households expanded their cultivated land

##

The number of young farm households with permanently hired workers increased in the latest decade, with their share rising from 5.3% to 12.6%.

##

In rice and dairy farming, young farm households feature less work hours per unit area or head than non-young farm households and a higher agricultural fixed asset equipment ratio indicating investment in machinery and facilities, indicating progress in investment for shortening work hours.

This might have led to young farm households’ cultivated land size expansion and higher agricultural income.

## Single rice farm entities land size trend in five latest years

Source: MAFF, Census of Agriculture and Forestry (aggregate calculation after reclassification)

Young farm households' average business size for each major farming operation (Upper for 2005, middle for 2010, lower for 2015)

Source: MAFF, Census of Agriculture and Forestry (aggregate calculation after reclassification)

Share for farm households with permanently hired workers

Source: MAFF, Census of Agriculture and Forestry (aggregate calculation after reclassification)

Rice and dairy farming trends for young farm households

Young farm households	Non-young farm households
Rice farming	Work hours per 10 a (hours/10 a )	34	58
Agricultural fixed asset equipment ratio (yen)	2,930	2,420
Farming income per farm household (10 thousand yen)	799	32
Dairy farming	Work hours per head of dairy cattle (hours/head)	129	176
Agricultural fixed asset equipment ratio (yen)	6,628	3,480
Farming income per farm household (10 thousand yen)	1,188	505

Source: MAFF, Statistics on Farm Management and Economy by Type of Management (of individual ownership) (aggregate calculation after reclassification)

Note: Data are averages for 3 years from 2013 to 2015.
### 2. Analysis of questionnaire survey of young farmers

## Outline of questionnaire survey of young farmers

[Timing] October 26-November 5, 2017

[Method] Web questionnaire survey (using mail magazines and SNS services to announce the survey)

[Target] Farmers aged 49 or less as of October 1, 2017

[Contents] "Farm households or corporation directors" and

“employees” (Those in the 2 categories were asked to respond)

[Respondents] 1,885 persons

* The questionnaire survey results are not statistically estimated thoughts of all young farmers but the aggregation of responses from 1,885 young farmers.

“Farm households

Farm household heads: 1,357

or corporation

directors"

Farm household members: 204

(Numbers are of

respondents)

Corporation directors: 151

"Employees"

(Numbers are of respondents)

Farm household employees: 94

Corporation employees: 79

## Thoughts about agriculture

(Farm household heads/members+corporation directors+farm household/corporation employees:1,885 persons)

On Japan’s agriculture, 35.1% of all respondents said that Japanese farmers should look to overseas markets as well as the domestic market. Those saying so accounted for 40.6% of rice farmers, 42.6% of fruits farmers and 51.9% of beef cattle farmers.

The most frequently cited attractive point of agriculture was great discretionary freedom, cited by 46.5% of respondents.

## Japan's agriculture

## Attractive points of agriculture

Note: Multiple answers were allowed

## Farm business leaders' thoughts about farming

## (Farm household heads + Corporation directors: 1,508 persons)

Among present business challenges, “labor shortages” are more frequently cited by those who have engaged in farming longer. “Technique shortages” and “fundraising difficulties” are less frequently cited by them.

(Number of years since entry into farming)

Note: Multiple answers were allowed
Special Topic: Image of young farmers responsible for future generation – Toward Further development of farming

Among agricultural production measures that should be promoted in the future, the "introduction of new technologies such as IoT (Internet of things)" and "cooperation with different industries" are more frequently cited by respondents with greater sales.

Among shipment or sales measures that should be promoted in the future, “direct sales to consumers” were most frequently cited, followed by “sales to food service and home-meal replacement providers” and “sales to farmer’s markets run by others.”

Percentage shares of respondents citing “introduction of new technologies such as IoT” and “cooperation with different industries” as agricultural production

Note: Multiple answers were allowed.

Shipment or sales measures that should be promoted in the future (3 most frequently cited measures)

Note: Multiple answers were allowed.

### 3. Directions of measures to be promoted for efficient, stable farming

A business structure analysis confirmed that young farm households are investing in the expansion of employment and the shortening of working hours per unit area or head in line with their business size expansion.

A questionnaire survey of young farmers confirmed farming production, shipment and sales measures that they want to promote in the future.

To foster efficient, stable farming, the environment should be developed to support the incorporation of farming, the development of innovative technologies introducing AI, IoT, robots and drones, and measures that farmers including questionnaire survey respondents want to promote.

##

## Realizing efficient rice farming through investment and improvement of machinery capacity utilization rates (Niigata Prefecture)

Hiroshi Maruta from a non-agriculture industry founded limited liability company Houmi Noko and became its representative at the age of 31 in 2005. In FY2017, the company produced mainly rice for food service providers at paddies totaling 130 ha.

In line with business size expansion, the company introduced larger agricultural machines and improved their capacity utilization rates by producing 10 crop varieties to diversify cropping seasons. By developing multiple jobs, the company has secured 11 young employees.

Representative Hiroshi Maruta (leftmost person in the back row) and young employees
### 4. Young farmer employment trend, etc

## Trend of new young farmers

The number of 49 or less year-old newcomers in agriculture topped 20 thousand for the third straight year. New employed farmers have followed an upward trend in recent years.

Members of family management entities whose living status has changed anytime within a year of the survey date from “student” or “employed in other work” to “new graduate who has become a farmer” or “a new farmer who changed occupations”.

Persons engaged in farming who have been hired by corporations anytime within a year of the survey date and work for their employers for 7 months a year or more.

Persons responsible for farming started anytime within a year of the survey date by securing land and funds on their own, and their partners

Among new employed farmers’ previous statuses, non-agriculture employees account for the largest share of 61.3%, followed by 22.4% for students.

49 or less year-old newcomers in agriculture by job-finding status

Source: MAFF, Survey on Newcomers in Agriculture

Source: MAFF, Survey on Newcomers in Agriculture 2016

Note: Others include non-agriculture self-employed jobs, and domestic work or child rearing jobs.

## An agricultural cooperative-affiliated farming corporation supports entries into farming (Nagano Prefecture)

Shinshu Ueda Farm, a limited liability company affiliated with a Japan Agricultural Cooperative, employs people willing to become independent farmers and trains them in cultivation techniques, etc. Those seeking to enter into farming devote themselves to training by receiving wages.

Each employee is given a training farmland for a specific variety and undergoes 2 years of training before taking over the farmland to become independent. By FY2016, 20 people entered into local farming, including 13 from other prefectures.

Mr. and Mrs. Udagawa who entered into farming after training at Shinshu Ueda Farm
## Analysis on permanently hired workers aged 44 or less

In 2015, permanently hired workers aged 44 or less totaled 49 thousand persons at corporate management entities and 38 thousand persons at commercial farm households. Of corporation farms, those with 10 or more permanently hired workers accounted for 68.7%. Of commercial farm households, those with 4 or less permanently hired workers accounted for 63.4%.

Those that employed 44 or less year-old persons as permanently hired workers accounted for 46.5% of corporate management entities and for 1.5% of commercial farm households. Such share rose from 50% or less for corporate management entities with sales of less than 30 million yen to more than 50% for those with 30 million yen or more and from less than 10% for commercial farm households with sales of less than 30 million yen to more than 20% for those with 30 million yen or more.

Employers of 44 or less year-old permanently hired workers by employment size band

Source: MAFF, 2015 Census of Agriculture and Forestry (aggregate calculation after reclassification)

Shares of entities employing 44 or less year-old permanently hired workers

| |
Total | 46.5% | 1.5%
No sales | 20.0% | 0.0%
Below 1 million yen | 19.1% | 0.1%
1-3 million yen | 23.0% | 0.4%
3-5 million yen | 23.2% | 1.0%
5-10 million yen | 28.6% | 2.5%
10-30 million yen | 36.5% | 9.0%
30-50 million yen | 52.0% | 21.9%
50-100 million yen | 65.8% | 31.8%
Above 100 million yen | 80.6% | 48.7%

Source: MAFF, 2015 Census of Agriculture and Forestry (aggregate calculation after reclassification)

## Corporate employees' satisfaction levels and thoughts about their future course (Questionnaire survey of young farmers: 79 persons)

Respondents satisfied with their present employers exceed those unsatisfied for most items. As for wages, however, unsatisfied respondents exceed satisfied ones.

On their future courses, respondents willing to “stay at their present entities” accounted for the largest share of 39.2%, followed by 30.4% for those willing to “become independent farmers.”

Satisfaction with present employers
## Agriculture expanded output for 2nd straight year, looking to overseas markets for further development

● Total agricultural output grew for the 2 $ ^{nd} $ straight year.

● As food demand is expected to decline in Japan and increase in other countries, Japan must look to overseas markets as well as domestic ones for the sustainable development of agriculture.

## Total agricultural output grew for the second straight year exceeding 9 trillion yen for the first time in 16 years

Total agricultural output had continued declining long until 2014 due primarily to falling rice consumption.

In the latest two years, total agricultural output continued growing. In 2016, total agricultural output rose back above 9 trillion yen for the first time in 16 years since 2000 thanks to progress in production meeting rice and vegetable demand.

Source: MAFF, Agricultural Production Income Statistics

## Falling domestic food demand and growing global food demand

In Japan, population decreased by 0.97 million in 10 years from 2006 to 2016, with the elderly population share rising by 6.5 points to 27.3%, the highest among developed countries.

In such circumstances, food demand in Japan has been declining.

About 30 years later, in 2050, Japan’s population is estimated to decline by 19.7% (25.01 million) to 101.92 million compared with 2016 levels, with the elderly population share rising by 10.4 points to 37.7%.

Given the estimate, food demand in Japan is expected to decrease faster than in the past.

Japan’s population and elderly population share

Population and Social Security Research, Population Projections for Japan (2017)

Domestic demand for major food products (100 for FY2006) (From left, FY2006, FY2011, FY2016)

Source: Prepared based on MAFF, Food Balance Sheet
➢ Meanwhile, global population increased by 840.85 million (12.9%) in 10 years from 2005 to 2015, with GDP expanding 1.3-fold. As a result, global food demand increased substantially.

About 30 years later, in 2050, global population is estimated to increase by 32.4% (2.4 billion) to 9.8 billion compared with 2015 levels.

As economic growth makes progress in line with population increasing, global grain consumption in 2050 is expected to rise 1.5-fold from the 2005-2007 average. Global food demand is expected to continue increasing.

Global population

Source: Prepared by MAFF based on UN, World Population Prospects: The 2017 revision

Global demand for major food products (100 for 2003) (From left, 2003, 2008, 2013)

Source: Prepared by MAFF based on FAOSTAT, Food Balance Sheets

## From agricultural production for domestic demand to that for global demand as well

Japan’s agriculture has so far carried out production meeting only domestic demand and avoided sales price drops.

As population declines and ages, Japan’s agriculture under the traditional production approach will be forced to cut production in line with falling demand. The traditional approach will make agricultural development difficult and affect food security.

By adding export to its sales channels, Japan’s agriculture could avoid sales price drops even on production expansion and increase sales value to improve faming income.

Japan should switch from agricultural production targeting domestic demand alone to that looking to foreign demand as well as domestic demand to sustainably develop agriculture and rural areas.

Expectations are placed on aggressive challenges by more ambitious farmers, farming organizations and export groups.

Farmers ambitious to export rice (Rice farmers from Yuzamachi of Yamagata Prefecture surrounding a buyer in Hong Kong)