## サケ コンブ スルメ ヤナギ ミズダコ スケソウ

$$ \begin{array}{cccc}1&1&1&1\\*&1&1&1\\*&1&1&1\\*&1&1&1\\\end{array} $$

$$ \begin{aligned}& 秋 \\&\quad\begin{array}{c|c}c&\\c&\\\hline&-0.30\\&\quad-1.9\\&\quad-1.7\\&\quad-0.96\\&\quad-1.07\\&\quad0.30\\\end{array}\end{aligned} $$

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図(2)-10 北海道南東岸に位置する4振興局（日高、十勝、釧路および根室）における主要漁業資源漁獲量と各種環境指数（PDO, NPGO, WP及び道東沿岸水温偏差と主要漁業資源漁獲量の相関関係）。1990年以降の資料を北海道水産現勢データベース（http://www.fishexp.hro.or.jp/marineinfo/internetdb/index.htm）にて参照使用（環境変数と漁業資源との間の統計的に有意な相関(P<0.05)を黒い太枠で、有意で無いものの明瞭な相関関係（P<0.1）を灰色の太枠で囲った）

## （５）ECOPATHモデルによるゼニガタアザラシ上陸場周辺における食物網構造解析

えりも岬上陸場を利用するゼニガタアザラシの主要な索餌海域を想定した225km²を対象に、ECOPATHモデル(Pauly et al., 2000)を構築し、食物網構造の検討を行った。構成要素として（2）および（3）において明らかとした上陸場周辺の群集構造および食物関係の情報を元に、ゼニガタアザラシとその餌生物（ミズダコおよびヤナギダコ、マダラ、カジカ類、スケトウダラ等の底魚類、サケ、サンマ、スルメイカ等の浮魚類のうち主要構成種34種を含む）を中心とした食物網（Diet table: 図(2)-11）を構築し、その構造の特徴を検討した。また、その結果、当該海域は隣接海域と比較した場合、最上位捕食者の密度が隣接海域の4倍以上と特異的に高いことが明らかとなった（図(2)-12）。この高密度のもと、上位捕食者が過大な捕食圧を下位生物に与えた結果、漁業被害が顕在化したものと推察された。例えば、前年度の成果においてゼニガタアザラシによるタコ類の捕食量は約500トンであり、近隣海域（浦河～広尾町）水揚げ量の17％に相当すると推定された。今後、仮に個体数調整によりゼニガタアザラシの個体数が30％減少した場合、上記比率は