Silviase/jgov_v1.4_full_ann huggingface dataset:
and appropriate disposal of construction by-products for the future, and MLIT formulated the fourth action plan, the “2014 Construction Recycling Promotion Plan” in September 2014.

According to this plan, the MLIT will be promoting construction recycling by working on fortifying the monitoring of construction by-products distribution, inhibiting occurrence before the start of construction, promoting recycling/reduction by thorough on-site sorting and delivery to recycling facilities, promoting use of recycled materials, and promoting the efficient use and appropriate disposal of construction sludge.

Figure II-8-2-2 Data on Construction By-products

## (2) Reducing sewage sludge and promoting recycling

MLIT is promoting the recycling of sewage sludge (FY 2013 recycle rate 62%) and moving forward with the use of sewage sludge made into solid fuel for energy, as well as the recovery and use of phosphorus from sewage sludge. Furthermore, we are proceeding with the Breakthrough by Dynamic Approach in Sewage High Technology Project (B-DASH Project) for proving innovative technology and systems for the effective use of sewage based resources.

## 2 Constructing a resource recycling logistics system

## (1) Forming a resource recycling logistics system by utilizing shipping

In order to form the “loop” of reusable resources for creating a recycling society, MLIT have specified 22 ports throughout Japan as Recycle Ports (Integrated Reverse Logistic Base Port) for wide-spread flows concerning reusable resources. At the Recycle Ports, they undertake activities such as securing coastal facilities like wharfs, aiding in establishing facilities for handling reusable resources, promoting the public-private partnership, and improvements in operations related to handling reusable resources. MLIT have partnered with the Ministry of the Environment to engage in efforts to promote modal shifting and lower the carbon footprint and costs of reverse logistics through improvements in transportation efficiency through the “Project to Promote Low-Carbon Type Reverse Logistics by Model Shift / Transport Efficiency”. In addition, as a participating member of “Disaster Waste Treatment Support Network (D-WasteNet)” the Council to Promote Recycling Ports has been appointed by the Minister of the Environment.
(Storage facilities for contaminated soil, etc.)

## (2) Systematic acquirement of bay area landfill sites for waste

Bay area landfills are being prepared in order to receive dredge soil produced by harbor improvement, or to receive waste materials that have difficulty finding final landfill sites. In the Osaka Bay area in particular, regional waste disposal sites are being developed to receive waste generated around the Osaka Bay area through the Osaka Bay Phoenix Project $ ^{1} $ . Construction-generated soil generated in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area is transported by sea and used widely for land-reclamation purposes in ports and harbors across the country in accordance with the Super Phoenix Plan $ ^{2} $ .

## 3 Recycling vehicles and marine vessels

## (1) Recycling vehicles

In accordance with the Act on Recycling, etc. of End-of-Life Vehicles (Act for automobile recycling), a system for confirming that end-of-life vehicles are scrapped, is being implemented. Where a deletion of vehicle registration as provided for in the Road Transport Vehicle Act is undertaken, the vehicle weight tax that had been levied on the used vehicle will be subject to a refund program. We are endeavoring to promote the proper disposition of used vehicles and prevent illegal dumping. In FY 2014, vehicles confirmed to have been scrapped numbered 1,463,151.
## (2) Recycling marine vessels

The recycling of large vessels (ship recycle) $ {}^{Note 1} $ has generally been conducted in developing nations such as Bangladesh and India, where the frequent occurrence of human casualty accidents and marine pollution in the facilities continue to raise concern. In order to solve these issues, Japan lead discussions with the International Maritime Organization (IMO), which resulted in the adoption of the “2009 Hong Kong International Convention for the Safe and Environmentally Sound Recycling of Ships (tentative name) (Ship Recycling Convention)”. This convention mandates the inspection and retention of proof documents for marine vessels and ship recycling facilities respectively, and also bans the use of asbestos or polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) in newly built vessels.

In Japan, studies are being carried out on enacting domestic laws required for conclusion of the Ship Recycling Convention with the aim of enforcing this convention as soon as possible. Conclusion by key recycling countries is also needed to put this convention into effect. At meetings held in 2014 and 2015 between Prime Minister Abe, representing Japan, and Prime Minister Modi, representing India—which is the world’s largest recycling country, requests were made for Japanese support concerning improvements to be made to ship recycling facilities based in India. The MLIT has extended technical support for making improvements to facilities in India and is promoting cooperation for concluding the Ship Recycling Convention. Through initiatives attributed to public-private cooperation in both countries, improvements are being made to certain facilities. In 2015, the facilities of four companies were certified as conforming to the standards as provided for in the Convention by a third-party organization (Nippon Kaiji Kyokai).

On other fronts, because privately owned pleasure boats are mostly made of fiber reinforced plastic (FRP), which is difficult to dispose, there has been a demand for a waste processing route for proper disposal. In response, we undertook activities in building a processing route, as well as developing recycling technologies for FRP boats. As a result, approximately 450 FRP vessels are properly recycled yearly under the leadership of the Japan Marine Industry Association throughout Japan since 2005.

## 4 Efforts in Green Procurement Note 2

In light of partial revisions to the basic government policies, based on the “Law Concerning the Promotion of Procurement of Eco-Friendly Goods and Services by the State and Other Entities (Law on Promoting Green Purchasing)”, the “Policy for promoting the procurement of ecologically friendly goods, etc.” was adopted. Based on this policy, we are actively advancing the procurement of ecology-friendly goods for building materials, construction machinery, method of construction, and objectives in public construction work.
## (2) Actively preserving, reviving, ad creating a healthy environment

We strive to efficiently utilize dredged sediment derived from harbor maintenance, by usage in creating tidal flats, sand capping, filling pits from deep digging, and disseminating port facilities that can coexist with organisms. After the projects have been started, we will continuously monitor the status after maintenance by implementing adaptable management methods. Various organizations such as administrative agencies and research institutes will register environmental data and construct a sharable database on the ocean environment; gathering, accumulating and analyzing data. Together, we actively work to preserve, revive and create a rich natural environment in coastal areas.

In addition, the “Seaside Nature School”, which utilizes the areas preserved, revived or created, is being held in various locations throughout Japan as an effort to create opportunities for learning the importance of the natural environment.

## (3) Initiatives in measures for preventing illegal boat parking

As there is concern that parked boats may mar the scenery, affect the navigation of other vessels, and cause secondary damage in the event of a tsunami, regulatory measures are being implemented, such as by improving the mooring and storage capacity of small vessels and by designating no-parking zones.

In order to verify the effects of measures as provided for in a promotion plan consisting of comprehensive measures for properly managing pleasure boats and improving their usage environment, as formulated in May 2013, a national survey of actual pleasure boat conditions was conducted in 2014 and the results of this survey were publicly released in June 2015.
## 5 Greening roads and promoting natural environmental measures

Greening roads is crucial for providing a comfortable atmosphere for those who use them, creating favorable scenery that matches the surrounding scenery, and as a countermeasure against heat island effects. To this end, we are promoting the favorable greening of roads and the appropriate management of this process in accordance with technical standards pertaining to the greening of roads. To prepare for the Tokyo Olympic and Paralympic Games in 2020, we are also endeavoring to green roads and initiatives for comprehensive measures to keep road surface temperature from rising.

Figure II-8-3-3

Example of Greening Roads (Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo)

Source) MLIT

Section 4

## Maintenance or Recovery of a Healthy Water Cycle

## Aiming to maintain a society in which the blessings of water can be savored for a long time to come

Thus far, the development of water resources development facilities were promoted because of the priority placed on ensuring the balance of water supply and demand in response to the rapid increase in water demand in the post-war high-growth period. On the other hand, there is concern that global warming will usher in reduced amounts of annual precipitation, reduced amounts of snowfall accumulations, the earlier melting of snow, and lower amounts of water that can be supplied. In anticipation of large-scale-disasters, society demands measures to deal with the obsolescence of water-related infrastructure, improvements to the water environment, and the maintenance or recovery of a healthy water cycle. Various challenges that are coming to a head will also need to be addressed, such as in terms of our presence in the area of international contributions and the fortification of our competitiveness in international markets.

Against such a backdrop, it is important that we shift from efforts to promote the development of water resources on a demand-driven basis to efforts to secure a stable supply of water on a risk-management basis in order to advance comprehensive measures for water resources that are shaped by different priorities, including water quality and the natural environment in addition to the quantity of water, even as we adopt a long-term perspective under conditions of constraint that affect resources consisting of people, goods, and money. More specific studies will be conducted to ensure the safety and security of the lives of citizens and of our socio-economic activities and to build a society in which the necessary use of water can be accommodated.
## 2 Initiatives in improving the water environment

## (1) Promoting water purification

The MLIT is implementing purification of contaminated water in rivers with seriously deteriorated water environments and water purification of dredged bottom mud. In addition, the local municipalities that are proactively working on the water environment improvement and related institutions, such as river administrators and sewage work administrators are working together to formulate the “Second Water Environment Improvement Urgent Action Plan (Clear Stream Renaissance II)” and implementing the plan (formulated in 32 locations).

## (2) Water Quality Survey and Water Quality Accident Response

Water quality surveys are vital in conserving and maintaining a favorable water environment. In 2014, surveys were done at 1,080 locations on 109 water systems of Class A rivers.

MLIT is creating of water quality survey maps and conducting surveys of aquatic organisms in cooperation with citizens. As a result of surveys—which were based on the new water quality index with a multi-faceted evaluation of the river such as amount of garbage and odors—being conducted on Class A rivers in cooperation with the local residents, in 2014 approximately 22% (65 locations/ 301 locations) were judged to be “rivers that look clean enough for swimming.”

On the other hand, in 2014 there were 1,238 water quality accidents in Class A rivers due to spillage of oils and chemical substances. In terms of water pollution prevention, Water Pollution Prevention Liaison Councils composed of river administrators and related institutions have been put in place for all 109 waterways, and they are working on prompt information communication for incidents of water quality accidents as well as damage prevention by building oil fences.

- For Class A Rivers (including lakes and coastal areas), the proportion of survey sites that met the environmental standards for BOD (biochemical oxygen demand) or COD (chemical oxygen demand) value was 91% in 2014.

- For environmental standard items relating to the protection of human health (27 items such as arsenic), the proportion of survey sites that met the environmental standards was approximately 99%, with most sites meeting the standards.

Ratio of Survey Locations on Class A Rivers (including lakes and coastal areas) where BOD (or COD) Value Met Environmental Standards

## (3) Improving the water environment of enclosed coastal seas

Regarding the enclosed coastal seas of the Tokyo Bay, Ise Bay, Osaka Bay, and the Seto Inland Sea, because of the polluting load draining from land and deterioration of purification capacity in ocean areas due to the loss of tidal flats and seaweed forests, the fishing industry has suffered damages from the occurrence of red and blue tides. In addition to this,
## (3) Securing safe, quality water

With the spread of the waterworks systems, the demand from citizens for safe, delicious water has increased in recent years, making even greater efforts that emphasize water quality vital.

## (4) Promoting measures concerning the permeation of rainwater

Due to the spread of impervious areas in recent years by urban development of drainage basins, more rainwater flows into rivers in short periods of time instead of being absorbed into the ground. In addition to reducing flood damage from heavy rains by absorbing as much rainwater as possible into the ground, improvement to rainwater storage penetration facilities are being promoted through tax measures, for cultivating groundwater, contributing to the revival of springs, and building a healthy water cycle system.

## (5) Advancing the conservation and use of sustainable groundwater

It takes an extremely long time to recover from damage caused to groundwater, such as in the form of groundwater pollution or saline contamination. In particular, ground subsidence is an irreversible phenomenon. For this reason, we will engage in groundwater management in accordance with local conditions in order to prevent groundwater damage, conserve the ecosystem, protect local groundwater sources, and advance the conservation and use of sustainable groundwater to be used as a water resource.

## 4 Realizing amenity by promoting improvements to sanitary drainage

Sewage is the indispensable social infrastructure for the development of healthy cities, treating waste, and preventing floods. In recent years, sewage systems have been asked to take on new roles in helping to form a low-carbon, recycling-oriented society and in maintaining or restoring a healthy water cycle.

## (1) Dissemination of sewage processing with sanitary drainage

Although the dissemination of sewage treatment plants reached around 89% (with the dissemination of sewage systems at around 78%) of Japan as of the end of FY 2014 (total of 46 prefectures, excluding Fukushima due to the effects from the Great Eastern Japan Earthquake), there is a large gap between regions. In particular, the dissemination rate of sewage treatment plants in small to medium communities with populations of less than 50,000 people remain low, only reaching a ratio of approximately 77% (dissemination rate of sewage systems approximately 50%). Focusing on improvement in areas with high population density, the advancement of efficient development in accordance with condition of communities and the rectification of the gap between communities are seen as being of the utmost importance for developing sewage systems in the future.

(Note) Due to the Great Eastern Japan Earthquake, the Fukushima prefecture was excluded from the survey.

Source) Prepared by the MLIT from information materials provided by the Ministry of Environment and Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
(3) Observing and monitoring with geostationary meteorological satellites

The Japan Meteorological Agency launched Himawari-8, a new geostationary meteorological satellite, into space on October 7, 2014; this satellite began operating on July 7, 2015. There is also a plan to launch Himawari-9 in FY 2016. By using these satellites-in addition to improving the disaster prevention function against such things like tropical cyclones and torrential rainfalls-Japan is leading the world in strengthening its monitoring function of the Earth’s environment, including global warming.

## (4) Observing and monitoring the ocean

The ocean is greatly impacting the earth’s climate by storing a much larger amount of heat than the atmosphere, and it is also easing the progression of global warming by absorbing $ CO_{2} $ discharged by human economic activity. In order to monitor global warming, an accurate grasp of oceanic conditions is essential.

The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA), under the international cooperative structure, monitors oceanic conditions by carrying out ocean observation with high accuracy from research vessels in the western North Pacific along with using data from satellites and Argo floats, or profiling floats to automatically observe the ocean interior.

JMA website “Marine Diagnosis Report” provides information on the present status of the ocean such as ocean temperatures, ocean currents, sea level, sea ice, as well as the prospect for the future.

The Japan Coast Guard constantly monitors fluctuations in the Kuroshio Current in waters surrounding the Izu Islands, using high-frequency radar, and publishes the observation data. In addition, the Japan Oceanographic Data Center collects and manages data obtained by Japanese marine research organizations, and discloses it to relevant institutions and to the public.

Figure II-8-7-2

Monitoring the Global Environment using research vessels

The long-term changes in hydrogen ion exponents (pH) at latitudes 10, 20, 30 degrees north along 137 degrees east meridian (left) and the area map for data analysis (right). The numbers in the graph indicate the decreasing rates per 10 years. The lesser pH indicates the more progress of "ocean acidification".

Source) Japan Meteorological Agency

Figure II-8-7-3

Example of a “Marine Diagnosis Report” published on the Japan Meteorological Agency Website

[Satellite imagery of the southern part of the Sea of Okhotsk (Himawari, a geostationary meteorological satellite)]

A satellite image of the southern part of the Sea of Okhotsk as observed by Himawari-8, a geostationary meteorological satellite.

By using and processing multiple channels of images taken by satellites, sea ice is shown in blue, oceans are shown in black, and cloud is shown as ranging from white to red. (Satellite imagery on February 28, 2016)

Shown in light blue, sea ice is revealed to be distributed across an area from the east coast of Sakhalin to the Hokkaido coast facing the Sea of Okhotsk.

Source) Japan Meteorological Agency
2304 国債整理基金特別会計

平 成 3 0 年 度 歲 出 概 算 要 求 書

1. 平成 30 年度歳出概算要求額総表 ___ 1

2. 平成 30 年度歳出概算要求額明細表 2

（会計）04 国債整理基金 2
平 成 3 0 年 度 歲 出 概 算 要 求 額 目 次
2304 国債整理基金特別会計
要求番号	区	分	ページ	要求番号	区	分	ページ
1	平成 3 0 年度歳出概算要求額総表	1
平成 3 0 年度歳出概算要求額明细表	2
(会計) 04 国債整理基金	2
(項) 010 国債整理支出	2
01-20 公債等償還に必要な経費	2
06-20 公債利子等支払に必要な経費	3
36-20 公債等の償還及び発行に関する諸費等に必要な経費	5
(項) 012 復興償整理支出	6
01-20 復興償償還に必要な経費	6
06-20 復興償利子等支払に必要な経費	6
11-20 復興償の償還及び発行に関する諸費等に必要な経費	7
平 成 3 0 年 度 歲 出 概 算 要 求 額 総 表
2304国債整理基金特別会計
要求
番号	区
分	前 年 度 予 算 額	3 0 年 度 概 算 要 求 額	对 前 年 度 較減
(B-A)	明細書
頁数
一般行政經費	その他の經費	計
(A)	一般行政經費	その他の經費	計
(B)
1	04 国 債 整 理 基 金	0	196,641,565,107	196,641,565,107	0	193,283,868,149	193,283,868,149	3,357,696,958	2
010 国 債 整 理 支 出	0	191,992,786,860	191,992,786,860	0	190,049,913,360	190,049,913,360	1,942,873,500	2
01-20 公 債 等 償 還 に 必 要 な 經 費	0	180,924,350,161	180,924,350,161	0	178,914,510,587	178,914,510,587	2,009,839,574	2
2	06-20 公 債 利 子 等 支 払 に 必 要 な 經 費	0	10,912,593,141	10,912,593,141	0	10,980,175,590	10,980,175,590	67,582,449	3
3	36-20 公債等の償還及び発行に関する諸費等に必要
な経費	0	155,843,558	155,843,558	0	155,227,183	155,227,183	616,375	5
4	012 復 興 債 整 理 支 出	0	4,648,778,247	4,648,778,247	0	3,233,954,789	3,233,954,789	1,414,823,458	6
01-20 復 興 債 償 還 に 必 要 な 經 費	0	4,592,535,956	4,592,535,956	0	3,168,256,486	3,168,256,486	1,424,279,470	6
5	06-20 復 興 債 利 子 等 支 払 に 必 要 な 經 費	0	26,028,941	26,028,941	0	35,318,742	35,318,742	9,289,801	6
6	11-20 復興債の償還及び発行に関する諸費等に必要
な経費	0	30,213,350	30,213,350	0	30,379,561	30,379,561	166,211	7
会 計 計	0	196,641,565,107	196,641,565,107	0	193,283,868,149	193,283,868,149	3,357,696,958
2304国債整理基金特別会計

平 成 3 0 年 度 歲 出 概 算 要 求 額 明 細 表

要求番号	事項	前年度算額	30年度概算要求額	对前年度比較增△減	備考
24年度	25年度	26年度	27年度	28年度
1	04 国債整理基金	196,641,565,107	193,283,868,149	3,357,696,958
010 国債整理支出	191,992,786,860	190,049,913,360	1,942,873,500	24年度	25年度	26年度	27年度	28年度
予算額	(190,631,876,931)	(190,383,930,702)	(209,371,251,853)	(200,979,249,869)	(198,136,857,435)
決算額	192,308,805,982	191,851,376,943	212,328,810,590	204,215,202,677	199,495,033,440
翌年度線越額	10,535,445,591	3,098,901,511	3,060,528,512	3,063,703,953	3,071,135,860
不 用 額	4,987,382,968	3,743,284,124	6,603,907,231	5,149,526,107	3,675,360,667
01-20 公債等償還必要な經費	180,924,350,161	178,914,510,587	2,009,839,574	24年度	25年度	26年度	27年度	28年度
予算額	(178,577,868,860)	(178,409,515,437)	(197,460,401,553)	(189,240,915,205)	(187,195,377,796)
決算額	178,868,010,566	178,568,809,802	198,859,660,668	190,905,150,805	186,964,112,088
翌年度線越額	10,530,926,660	3,097,125,849	3,058,766,435	3,061,864,373	3,069,338,901
差 引 額	2,932,776,768	1,765,834,475	4,653,259,591	3,201,824,648	2,147,720,396
006 公債償還必要な經費	135,994,432,200	129,622,996,564	6,371,435,636
001 一般会計分
20100-959-18-3010債務償還費	13,861,851,508	14,229,389,531	367,538,023
006 財政投融資特別会計分
20100-959-18-3010債務償還費	13,686,481,500	12,895,519,500	790,962,000
016 国債整理基金特別会計分	103,946,099,192	102,498,087,533	1,448,011,659
10 公債金分(国債借換分)
20100-959-18-3010債務償還費	103,945,365,559	102,497,353,900	1,448,011,659
30 利 子 収 入 分
20100-959-18-3010債務償還費	729,746	729,746	0
35 尋 卻 及 償還益金分
20100-959-18-3010債務償還費	3,887	3,887	0
021 工本ルギー対策特別会計分
20100-959-18-3010債務償還費	4,500,000,000	0	4,500,000,000
011 借入金償還必要な經費	41,866,547,961	43,142,844,023	1,276,296,062
001 一般会計分
20100-959-18-3010債務償還費	506,185,598	370,484,401	135,701,197
006 交付税及び讓与税配付金特別会計分
20100-959-18-3010債務償還費	32,588,887,040	32,540,756,161	48,130,879
3 国

要求番号	事 项	前 年 度 算 额	3 0 年 度 概 算 要 求 额	对 前 年 度 比 较 增 减	備 考
要求番号	事 项	前 年 度 算 额	3 0 年 度 概算要求额	对 前 年 度 比較增△减	備 考
10 租 税 分
20100-919-18-7310 利子及割引料	143,700,000	143,700,000	0
20 利 子 叹 入 分
20100-919-18-7310 利子及割引料	54	54	0
30 经 遇 利 子 受 入 分
20100-919-18-7310 利子及割引料	107,288,287	140,790,423	33,502,136
40 雜 入 分
20100-919-18-7310 利子及割引料	2,800,000	2,340,000	460,000
011 借入金利子支払必要な	216,110,478	120,879,107	95,231,371
经費
001 一般 会 計 分
20100-919-18-7310 利子及割引料	113,888,355	16,663,133	97,225,222
016 交付税及び議与税配付金
特别会計分
20100-919-18-7310 利子及割引料	82,000,000	81,016,290	983,710
018 財政投融資特別会計分
20100-919-18-7310 利子及割引料	43,000	370	42,630
022 工本ルギー対策特別会計
分
20100-919-18-7310 利子及割引料	3,788,136	7,903,460	4,115,324
038 年 金 特 別 会 計 分
20100-919-18-7310 利子及割引料	5,911,496	5,862,983	48,513
051 食料安定供給特別会計分
20100-919-18-7310 利子及割引料	751,316	702,618	48,698
061 国有林野事業債務管理特別会計分
20100-919-18-7310 利子及割引料	4,864,410	4,551,618	312,792
117 自動車安全特別会計分
20100-919-18-7310 利子及割引料	4,863,765	4,178,635	685,130
016 政府短期証券利子必要な経費	570,064,977	565,425,250	4,639,727
001 一般 会 計 分
20100-919-18-7310 利子及割引料	60,000,000	60,000,000	0
003 財政投融資特別会計分
20100-919-18-7310 利子及割引料	10,528,766	4,832,876	5,695,890
006 外国為替資金特別会計分
20100-919-18-7310 利子及割引料	490,027,927	492,438,666	2,410,739
009 工本ルギー対策特別会計分