Table 2 Technology classification

#	Classification	Definition
Basic Technologies	1	Genetic engineering	Genetic engineering in vitro. Preparation and use (process) of DNA, RNA, vector/plasmid, host, etc., in relation to genetic engineering. Novel genes or proteins obtained by the process or used in the process.
2	Gene analysis	Technologies analyzing DNA structure, such as SNPs, gene sequencing, including genetic polymorphism. Bioinformatics used for the process.
3	Embryological engineering	Technologies on cell manipulation/differentiation/proliferation based on embryology studying the generation/differentiation at molecular level. Novel animals and cells obtained by using these technologies.
4	Protein engineering	Technologies altering a protein function by artificially altering a part of the protein's structure. Bioinformatics used for the process. Modifications (genes and proteins) obtained by the process.
5	Glycoengineering	Carbohydrate chain and the analysis of its structure/function. Gene relating to glycosylation. Technologies altering the functions of proteins/cells by modifying thr carbohydrate chain. The carbohydrate chains obtained by this modification and its production.
Post-genome Technologies	6	Gene function analysis	Technologies experimentally analyzing gene function.
7	Protein conformation analysis	Technologies determining protein sequence and conformation. Technologies analyzing protein structure/function in silico (protein informatics).
8	Protein function analysis	Technologies experimentally analyzing protein function.
9	Glycoprotein genes	Enzyme-gene and protein participating in biosynthesis/transference of carbohydrate chain. Technologies relating to them. The use of these.
10	Genomic drug discovery	Technologies identifying disease-related genes. Novel genes or proteins obtained by this process. Technologies exploring/determining/optimizing lead compound by using post-genome technologies.
11	Genetherapy and diagnosis	Technologies on disease treatment using transgene technology. Technologies on diagnosis using genetic information.
12	Nano-biotechnology	Technologies on observation, measurement, and function analysis of molecules and cells. Technologies on manipulation of molecules and cells. Technologies on preparation of nanostructure.
Other Technologies	13	Bioinformatics	Technologies acquiring information on structure/function of gene, protein, and carbohydrate chain obtained in a wet lab. Database that accumulates this information. Technologies retrieving/displaying useful information from the database. Technologies used through data processing.
14	Cells	Animal/plant/human cell and tissue used in life science. These cells modified by exogenous gene. Culture apparatus for cells.
15	Microorganisms and enzymes	Technologies manufacturing useful materials by using microorganisms, enzymes, and their biocatalyst functions.
16	Genetically modified plants	Technologies altering plant breeding by using genetic engineering. Technologies relating to them.
17	Genetically modified animals	Technologies altering animal breeding by using genetic engineering. Technologies relating to them.
18	Biopharmaceuticals	Biopharmaceuticals. Biotechnologies for manufacturing them.
19	Biochemical products	Chemical product manufactured by biological process and its manufacturing technologies.