Silviase/jgov_v1.4_full_ann huggingface dataset:
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### The Current Conditions of Vacant Housing and the Establishment of the “Act on Special Measures concerning the Promotion of Measures for Vacant Buildings, etc.”

In recent years, the number of vacant housing units is increasing all over the country, and countermeasures are becoming necessary due to the possibility of various problems arising (external diseconomy) such as the collapse of buildings due to poor management or dilapidation, the riotous growth of weeds causing local landscape to be ruined and creating hygiene issues from illegal dumping, as well as the endangering public safety due to trespassing and arson.

The vacant housing units that create these kinds of issues are mainly “Other Housing” that have been left vacant for long periods due to job transfers or hospitalization of the residents, or have been scheduled for demolition or rebuilding. These vacant housing units would not be problematic if they are being taken care of properly, however if they are abandoned and insufficiently maintained, there is the possibility of incurring external diseconomy.

In 2013, the ratio of vacant housing to the total number of housing by prefecture (Vacant Housing Rate), Yamanashi had the highest rate at 22.0% followed by Nagano at 19.8%. However, this Vacant Housing Rate includes “Secondary Housing” and “Housing for Rent or Sale”. When looking at the “Other Housing” rate (hereafter “Rate of Vacant Other Housing”), Yamanashi and Nagano prefectures—despite having the highest Vacant Housing Rate—are not even in the top 10 prefectures for the Rate of Vacant Other Housing. These statistics are most likely due to a large number of vacation homes being located in these two prefectures, as both are easily accessible from the Tokyo Area. In looking at the Composition Ratio of Vacant Housing, the percentage of “Secondary Housing” is extremely high compared to other prefectures. The percentage of actual “Other Housing” in Yamanashi was 36.2% and 38.4% in Nagano, both which are lower than the national average of 38.8%.

Figure1-2-8 Composition Ratio of Vacant Housing and the Rate of Vacant Other Housing

Source) Developed by MLIT from "2013 Housing and Land Survey" by MIC

Looking at the relationship between the “Rate of Vacant Other Housing” and the “Rate of Population Increase-Decrease” by prefecture, it is evident that the prefectures with a high “Rate of Population Decline” have the tendency to also have a high “Rate of Vacant Other Housing”. Also, looking at the relationship between the “Rate of Vacant Other Housing” and the “Aging Population Rate”, it is evident that the prefectures with a high “Aging Population Rate” tend to also have a high “Rate of Vacant Other Housing”. Based on this correlation, it is predicted that with the expected acceleration of decrease in the overall population and increase in the aging population in the Rural Areas, the number of vacant housing will rise even more.
Source) “Survey of the Causes and Living Conditions for Migration and Settlement in Small-scale Municipalities” conducted by NTT Data Institute of Management Consulting, Inc.

## (Monetary Valuation of “District Attractions”)

Here, in order to quantify the “Attractive Traits of the Region” which has a major influence on the flow of people migrating to rural areas, we will study the assessed value people place on the “Attractive Traits of Region” Note 33 by conducting the “Awareness Survey of the Richness of ‘Stock of Local Traits’” to make monetary valuations.

If we establish two imaginary district models (“Very Convenient City Life”, “Rich in Nature Country Life”) and study which district model people would want to live in, there is a difference in tendency between the responses from general residents and from those who migrated to Rural Areas. Many of those who migrated to Rural Areas chose “Rich in Nature Country Life (hereafter “Country Life”)” while many of the general residents chose “Very Convenient City Life (hereafter “City Life”)” (Figure 2-1-44). However, if you think of the general residents as a microcosm of the population distribution in Japan, we can surmise that approximately 40% of the citizens aspire to “Country Life”.

Next, in order to analyze the “Attractive Traits of the

<Very Convenient City Life>	<Rich in Nature Country Life>
• Public transportation and shopping are very convenient	• Public transportation and shopping is not convenient
• Poor access to nature	• Great access to nature
• Many entertainment facilities and places to go for fun	• Rich in nature with good air and water quality
• Travel and latest information, meeting many kinds of people	• Local culture of ethnic groups and traditions
• Living quarters are small	• Spacious living environment
• Long commute (rush hours)	• Close proximity to work and residence
• Not much interaction with neighbors	• Limited community but can live cooperatively

Region” underlying the motivation to migrate to Rural Areas, we will focus on how much value is placed on which factors