international standards defined by the Convention on International Civil Aviation. In these circumstances, new strengthening measures are being implemented to respond to cases of terrorism and illegal entry both within and without the country, each airport is being strengthened with measures such as fences to prevent the intrusion of vehicles or people and sensors are installed so that when there is an intrusion, a swift response can be made and from October 2012 international flight passengers are subject to random manual screenings to prevent explosives and other objects that cannot be discovered by metal detectors from entering the aircraft. Also, information exchanges with major countries are carried out through active participation in international conferences and other opportunities to share Japan's experience with the latest security measures.

### d. Promoting Counter-Terrorism Measures for Automobiles

Relevant businesses are instructed to carry out inspections inside vehicles, strengthen patrol of the insides and perimeters of business offices and garages, and dispatching security officers to major bus stops during busy seasons.

### e. Promoting Counter-Terrorism Measures for Major Facilities

For various river facilities special attention is paid for suspicious objects during river inspections and sight patrols; the lockdown of entries and exits of dam management offices and dam body inspection corridors is also being strengthened. For various road facilities, special attention is paid to suspicious objects when patrolling expressways and directly managed roads and the trash boxes of rest facilities is also being aggregated. For national parks, security patrols are strengthened and caution is called for with various bulletins. At construction sites signboards are installed along with other measures calling for greater caution.

## (3) Crime Prevention Measures for Automobiles

The sealed system $ ^{Note 1} $ is effective for the prevention of unauthorized usage of vehicle license plates and the mandatory confirmation of the personal ID for people requesting the issuance of proof of registered information and indication of chassis number among others.

## (4) Balancing Security and Efficiency of Logistics

For international logistics, industrialized nations and international organizations are playing a central role in initiatives to balance security and efficiency. In our country, the spread of the AEO system $ ^{Note 2} $ is being promoted for logistics businesses and support is given to various countries to obtain AEO. Starting in fiscal year 2011, export filings from AEO approved businesses are able to get “permission” from outside bonded areas.

For the security system of airfreight with the purpose of protecting airfreight from the shipper to loading on aircraft, the KS/RA system $ ^{Note 3} $ based on international standards established by the ICAO is adopted. Afterwards, the regulation was revised, while taking consideration of maintaining smooth logistics, in accordance with requests from the United States to further strengthen security. The new regulations will be applied to international cargo flights with passengers destined for the United States from October 2012 and the scope is to be expanded to all international cargo flights with passengers from April 2014.

Also, in the container terminals of major ports, to accurately confirm the identity and association of truck drivers an access management information system is being implemented.