The current state of roads, railways, ports and airports in East Asian countries/regions

Population (thousand persons)	Land area (km2)	Total lengths of expressways (km)	Total lengths of railroads (km)	Port	Airport
Number of Berths	Number of run ways
Japan	127,654	377,873	8,540 (FY2003)	27,517 (2002)	Tokyo	12 (2004)	Narita	2 (2005)
Yokohama	16 (2004)	Kansai	1 (2005)
Nagoya	8 (2004)	Chubu	1 (2005)
Kobe	12 (2004)
Osaka	8 (2004)
Indonesia	219,884 (including East Timor)	1,904,569 (including East Timor)	530 (2000)	4,564 (2004)	Tanjung Priok	13 (2004)	Jakarta	2 (2004)
Rep.Korea	47,700	99,268	2,778 (2003)	3,380 (2004)	Pusan	21 (2004)	Seoul	2 (2004)
Cambodia	14,143	181,035	*	601 (2004)	Sihanoukville	1 (2004)	Phnom Penh	1 (2004)
Singapore	4,252	683	150 (2003)	0 (2004)	Singapore	37 (2004)	Singapore	2 (2004)
Thailand	62,833	513,115	331 (2003)	4,044 (2004)	Laem Chabang	10 (2004)	Bangkok	2 (2004)
China	1,304,196 (including Taiwan)	9,596,961 (including Taiwan)	34,200 (2004)	73,002 (2003)	Shanghai	19 (2004)	Beijing	2 (2004)
Shenzhen	14 (2004)	Shanghai (Pudong)	1 (2004)
Qingdao	10 (2003)	Guangzhou	2 (2004)
Philippines	79,999	300,000	173 (2003)	*	Manila	12	Manila	1 (2004)
Brunei	358	5,765	*	*	Muara	2	Bandar Seri Begawan	1 (2004)
Vietnam	81,377	331,689	*	2,545 (2004)	Ho Chi Minh	22	Ho Chi Minh	2 (2004)
Malaysia	24,425	329,758	1,228 (2003)	1,636 (2002)	Port Kelang	20	Kuala Lumpur	2 (2004)
Myanmar	49,485	676,578	*	*	Tiara	5	Yangon	1 (2004)
Laos	5,657	236,800	*	0 (2004)	Vientiane	1 (2004)
Taiwan	22,453 (end of 2002)	36,006	872 (2003)	1,097 (2004)	Gaoxiong	26 (2004)	Taipei	2 (2004)
Hong Kong	7,050	1,075	*	*	Hong Kong	22	Hong Kong	2 (2004)

Notes: 1. “Population” is a mid-year estimate. “Land area” is 2000 data.

2. For the definition of an expressway, see Notes in .

3. “Port” represent those that are among the top 20 in the world ranking and/or the country’s No. 1 port in terms of the annual amount of containers handled, except for Japanese ports, which represent the country’s top 5 ports. Some of Japanese ports are not among the world top 20 ports.

4. The standards for berth depend on the country/region, precluding direct comparisons. The number of berths at a Japanese port is the number of berths for exclusive use for containers with a water depth of 12 meters or more. The details of the berths in other East Asian countries/regions, including their water depths, are not available. The figures with no survey year specified are based on Informa UK Ltd., Containerisation International Yearbook 2005.

5. “Airports” represent those that are among the top 80 in the world ranking and/or the country’s No. 1 airport in terms of the annual volume of passenger traffic, except for Japanese airports which represent the country’s major international airports.

6. Runways with a length of 2,000 meters or more are represented.

Source: Compiled from Statistics Bureau, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, Sekai no Tokei 2004 [World Statistics 2004], statistics from the countries in question, MLIT surveys and other data.

## ○Construction investment in East Asian countries/regions and Japanese construction companies

East Asian countries/regions have sometimes seen a higher growth in gross fixed capital formation than GDP, suggesting that economic growth led to an increase in construction investment. Meanwhile, East Asian countries/regions represent significant portions in overseas orders for Japanese construction companies, and these companies play a role in the development of infrastructure and the construction industry in the region.