## (4) Promotion of Solar Power Generation using Infrastructure Space

Based on the changes in energy supply and demand which was triggered by the Great Eastern Japanese Earthquake, in addition to the effective utilization of the vast spaces of sewage treatment plants, ports and harbors, and airport facilities, steps have been taken to ensure installation and placement by public entities of solar power generation facilities in public infrastructure spaces, such as government buildings and railway stations, and private businesses can install such facilities in roads and urban parks.

## (5) Promotion of contribution towards the hydrogen society

With the expected expansion of hydrogen energy demand in the future, such as household fuel cells (marketed in 2009) and fuel cell vehicles (marketing plan 2015), working to create an environment for the realization of a hydrogen energy utilization society from the concepts of hydrogen production, storage, transportation, and usage.

### a. Setting guidelines in regards to fuel cell vehicles

With the goal of achieving the world’s fastest distribution of fuel cell vehicles scheduled to be marketed from 2015, the safety standards for fuel cell vehicles were determined.

### b. Setting up the marine transportation system for liquefied hydrogen

Early construction of a liquefied hydrogen carrier that allows mass transport of liquefied hydrogen is expected. However, as this carrier will be the world’s first, there are no existing safety standards which makes it necessary to determine the safety requirements as soon as possible. Therefore, from 2013, the Ministry has been studying the safety standards for a vessel that is resistant to the characteristics of hydrogen including an ultra-low temperature of $ -253^{\circ}C $ , spread and penetration into material of the hydrogen molecule, a wide explosive range and the high ignition potential.

## 4 Promotion of Global Warming Countermeasures (Adaptations)

For the effects of global warming that cannot be avoided even with the most stringent mitigation measures, it is essential to have measures (adaptations) to prevent or reduce the damage to a minimum, or even take advantage of the opportunities for benefits.

As a part of the adaptation measures so far, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport has been actively promoting measures against water-related disasters such as floods, landslides, storm surge disasters and drought, but also the government as a whole, established in July 2013 a climate change impact assessment subcommittee under the Central Environmental counsel’s Global Environment Committee, which is working on evaluations of the impact of climate change in Japan towards establishment of an adaptation plan by the summer of 2015.

In the future, in accordance with the adaptation plan of the government, global warming predictions making use of the technical capabilities as well as addressing the accuracy of the monitoring system, measures against water-related disasters and wide range consideration will be given to the multifaceted effects of climate change, such as transportation infrastructure and heat island, to work on the study and development of overall adaptation measures from both the hardware and software perspectives.

## Section 2 Promoting the creation of a recycling society

## Advancing recycling in construction

Construction waste accounts for approximately 20% of all industrial waste, 20% of final disposed amount, and 75% of all illegally discarded waste. Controlling the output of construction waste is a major task in the advancement of recycling. The total amount of construction waste produced in 2011 amounted to 75 million tons. Although the recycling rate for 2012 was 96%, better than the 93.7% of 2008, we must continue these activities in order to achieve high levels of recycling.