Aircraft used for the test flights performed in Japan

Source) JAL ... Japan Airlines Co., Ltd., ANA and NCA ... Reprinted from the website of both companies

## (7) Enhancing energy-saving performance in housing and buildings

Compared to past eras, the rise in the amount of energy consumed by the civilian sector is more prominent than in other sectors, which makes improving energy-saving performance in housing and buildings an urgent task. For this reason, the Energy Efficiency Standards under the Energy Conservation Law introduced the consumption of primary energy which assesses building equipment performance and creates energy comprehensively, adding to building envelop performance (scheduled to come into effect in 2015). Furthermore, the approval system of the low carbon building which has high energy-saving performance based on the “Act on Law Carbon City Promotion”, has taken effect; we now aim for its dissemination.

In other fronts, we are working to develop and disseminate the Housing Performance Indication System and Building Energy-efficiency Labeling System (BELS) those show the energy-saving performance to consumers, in addition to comprehensive Assessment System for Built Environment Efficiency (CASBEE). This CASBEE system integrally evaluates enhancing livability, and reducing environmental strain of housing and buildings as comprehensive environmental performance.

Also, in order to promote energy-saving in housing and buildings, it provides support for small and medium-sized construction firms in building Zero Energy housing and leading projects that introduce cutting edge $ CO_{2} $ reduction technology and energy-saving remodeling of housing and buildings, as well as implementing an interest rate cut utilizing the framework of the securitization support business of the Japan Housing Finance Agency. In addition, it is working for the development and dissemination of things like the design and construction technology of energy-saving houses and buildings through holding workshops for design and construction professionals and providing support for the leading technological development of the private firms.

Furthermore, we are formulating supportive taxation measures for renovation work towards energy conservation in already existing residences and buildings.

## (8) Promotion of energy-saving methods in sewage

The reduction of carbon monoxide is being advanced by the implementation of energy-saving measures such as high efficiency equipment for sewage treatment, and with new energy measures such as the processing of raw sewage into solid fuel, the use of bio-gas, and the high temperature incineration of raw sewage.

## (9) Promotion of environmental measures for construction machinery

In 2010, Japan established a system for certifying construction machinery with exceptional $ CO_{2} $ reducing capabilities, such as hybrid vehicles, as low-carbon type construction machinery and is providing support through low interest loan systems. Japan also set fuel efficiency standards for the hydraulic excavator, the bulldozer, and the wheel loader, which are major construction machinery, and established a system that certifies construction machinery that meets these standards as fuel efficiency standard achieving construction machinery.