facilities and its housing space was promoted.

Optical fiber for the management of public facilities serve the purpose of making the management of public facilities more efficient as well as fast and stable provision and sharing of large capacity data and is being developed in rivers, roads, ports, and sewage. The optical fiber managed by the nation for the management of rivers and roads is open to private sector businesses within a scope that does not interfere with facility management and in FY 2012 roughly 18,000km were open to applications for those seeking usage.

## 5 Sophisticated Water Management and Water Disaster Prevention Utilizing ICT

In light of new developments in information technology of recent years, new technology is being applied to the field to further the sophistication of water management and water disaster prevention.

For the monitoring of rivers and river basins, remote sensing and other new monitoring technology as well as surveying and observing with cutting edge image recognition technology is being promoted. For example, the development of the new radar network XRAIN (MLIT X-band polarimetric (multi parameter) Radar Information Network) which enables more detailed and real-time rainfall observation is being developed and regarding the observation of flow volume and water level the ADCP (Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler - which is an anemometer that uses the Doppler effect. Graphic II-10-1-3 Diagram 1) and image analysis using CCTV images and other new technology are being implemented and applied.

Also, in addition to obtaining high precision topographic data through aerial photography, MMS (the Mobile Mapping System) is also being promoted to obtain a 360-degree river view from river banks in order to gain prehension of conditions inside and outside river channels and enable imaging actual places through CCTV images. In respect of basin observation, aerial laser profiling (LP) is implemented to obtain highly accurate wide-area digital elevation data.

The information obtained through these such as rain volume, water level, and high precision topographical data are integrated into flood simulations and risk assessment using the “Distributed Rainfall-Runoff Model”, an advanced flood prediction model to further crisis management (Graphic II-10-1-3 Diagram 2). In addition, a model to visualize the flow of underground water three-dimensionally based on data such as topography, geology, and surface water is being created. The results will be used for the evaluation of future underground water management policies regarding the regions of Chikugo and Saga Plains under the land subsidence prevention guidelines.

Regarding the monitoring of sediment disasters that occur due to heavy rains, rainfall volume radar that can assess the rainfall conditions of a wide area, a large-scale sediment movement detection system that can estimate the location of the origin of the sediment disaster from the vibrations caused by the sediment disaster, and satellite image analysis to confirm the collapse position and estimate the scale will be utilized to

Examples of ICT Utilized for

Sophisticated Water Man-

agement and Water Disaster

Prevention

Diagram 1 Discharge observation with ADCP

Diagram 2 flood prediction by distributed hydrological model Source) MLIT

Diagram 3 Large-Scale Collapse Monitoring and Warning System

Source) MLIT

rapidly assess sediment disasters and the development of a large-scale collapse monitoring and warning system (Graphic II-10-1-3 Diagram 3).

In the field of sewage, for the sake of disaster prevention and mitigation against concentrated heavy rains and other disasters in the underground spaces where advanced urban functions are concentrated, the creation of effective evacuation