logistics are being carried out, such as the formulation of guidelines relating to the C-TPAT $ ^{1} $ of America and the AEC System $ ^{2} $ of the World Customs Organization (WCO).

## (5) Information security measures

Due to the increase in IT dependency of social economic activities on the whole, the importance of measures towards information security is also increasing. Based on the policy of the “Information Security Policy Conference”, MLIT is also pushing forwards various measures including preventive measures for information leakage, the formulation of guidelines on preventing business suspensions due to MLIT information security measures and IT hindrance, and information security measures relating to major infrastructures (railway, airways, and logistics). Furthermore, MLIT is also endeavoring to prepare for cyber attacks targeting MLIT and its administered businesses, to develop activation system etc.

### 2. Establishment of an Emergency System For Disasters

When there is an occurrence of accidents and disasters including accidents causing large group of fatalities and injured persons on ships, aircraft and railways and oil leakages from ships, taking disaster conditions into consideration, the disaster control headquarters of MLIT (such as the emergency disaster control headquarters of the government when there is a large-scale accident and damages especially in transportation) is setup for collecting information, carrying out comprehensive arrangement of emergency disaster controls with the related administrative institutes, and implementing quick and accurate disaster control.

Regarding measures against marine accidents and disasters, at the same time as securing the action system of patrol ships and aircrafts as well as preparing disaster relief and equipment, cooperation with related institutes is being strengthened through the implementation of cooperative training etc. In addition, regarding polluting accidents caused by oil and harmful liquid substances, the corresponding relief and equipment are enhanced and a system that is able to take action quickly and effectively is strengthened. At the same time, the preparation and provision of the environmental preservation information of coastal water for oil prevention and removal are necessary.

### 3. Strengthening the Coast Guard System

## (1) Strengthening and enhancing the business system

At the same time as developing the urgent and systematic replacement of decrepit and old patrol ships and aircraft and enhancing the sophistication of their functionalities, a system is being built for collecting, analyzing and evaluating information obtained by the patrol unitarily, and the efficient and mobile utilization of patrol forces is being worked out. Moreover, in order to strengthen the emergency system against distant waters and serious incidents, Shikishima level patrol ships equipped for damage control and prolonged operations is being developed. Moreover, in order to secure a 24 x 365 real-time response system, on top of those 62 sections already introduced to the system, another 25 sections in the country adopted numerous crews in FY 2009, aiming for "0 vacant patrol ships".

## (2) Promotion of measures against terrorism

As preventive measures against terrorism, the required security through patrol ships and aircraft is being carried out towards important facilities including the coastal facilities of the United States Forces, nuclear power plants, petroleum storage facilities etc. Especially for the security of nuclear power plants, information sharing and cooperative training with related business operators, police etc are being implemented. In addition, at the same time as implementing security in passenger ship terminals during peak periods (e.g. golden week and new year's eve), patrol are being carried out through terrorism-ready ships and aircraft being dispatched to the surrounding waters of South-East Asia for dealing with piracy, and the safety assurance of Japan-related ships is being worked out. Moreover, while pushing forward the development of patrol ships and aircraft with strengthened tackling abilities through intensive enhancement of functionalities, cooperation with related institutions is being strengthened and measures against marine terrorism are being taken.

## (3) Promotion of measures against suspicious ships and working ships

Suspicious ships and working ships are being suspected of involvement in serious and felonious crime in our country. For revealing intentions and activity details, it is necessary to firmly stop suspicious ships and perform on-ship inspections, as well as to appropriate crime investigation (e.g. arresting suspects) when crime is found. Therefore, to deal with suspicious ships and working ships, police institutions (i.e. the Japan Coast Guard) is the first party to take action with the cooperation of related ministries and government offices.

With reference to past cases of suspicious ships and working ships, the Japan Coast Guard works out the enhancement of the bulletproof function of patrol ships and aircraft as well as the development of weapons and patrol ships with high-speed and are high-functional. Based on the common action manual drawn out with the Ministry of Defense, cooperative training with the