industries of our country and the Japanese foundations have provided help to the Navigation Assisting Facilities Fund $ ^{1} $ . In the $ 2^{nd} $ Cooperation Forum of the same mechanism held in October 2009, our country also suggested that it was important to keep endeavoring further to cooperate with coastal countries, user countries and private sectors in order to make the same mechanism a sustainable framework. In the future, as the top user country of the same strait in the world, our country will be utilizing the knowledge accumulated and the good relationship built so far, and will be actively helping with the safety measures of the same strait with the cooperation of the government and private sectors.

## (2) Promotion of safety measures for ship passengers

In passenger-related accidents, over 50% of the fatalities and missing persons are people who fall into the sea. In order to survive after falling into the sea, people must be able to keep floating on water to begin with. Then, it is necessary to call for help quickly. Therefore, the Japan Coast Guard implements the campaign of self-life-saving for promoting three basic actions including the everyday wear of life jackets, the assurance of appropriate communication methods (e.g., water-proof mobile phones) and the effective utilization of the emergency phone number “118” connecting to the Japan Coast Guard, and is endeavoring to carry out popularization and enlightenment. In 2009, the death rate of passengers who fall into the sea from small-size ships (fishing boats or pleasure boats) is 15% and 48% for passengers who put on life jackets and passengers who did not put on life jackets respectively. From the figure, it revealed that the wearing of life jackets greatly helps people to survive when accidentally falling into the sea. Therefore, safety promotion activities are being implemented, especially during long holiday periods and summer, as well as to push forward the wearing of life jackets throughout the year.

## (3) Strengthening the rescuing system

In order to carry out immediate and precise rescues, the Japan Coast Guard is endeavoring to grasp the accident information as early as possible by standing by for distress calls 24-hours a day, and utilizing the emergency phone number "118". Additionally, at the same time to improve the rescue skills and abilities of special rescue teams and divers, the rescue and emergency system is being enhanced and strengthened. The enhancement is being implemented in terms of the equipment for mobile rescuers, who are well trained in the aspects of rescue skills of descending from and ascending to helicopters, diving ability and emergency life-saving ability; the medical control system for assuring the quality of emergency life-saving actions taken by the divers from a medical viewpoint; the functional performance of patrol ships and aircrafts; and the rescue system. In addition, the review for strengthening the system of regional disaster prevention and rescue is being carried out through utilizing the "Ocean Station" which is the center of the marine leisure promotion and etc.

### 4. Safety measures for air transportation

In order to prevent air accidents and safety problems, safety management systems are being introduced and promoted in the operation and development of airlines, the utilization of airports and air safety projects. It continually and systematically performs the collection and analysis of incident information and helps improve the safety maintenance of air transportation.

## (1) Enhancing the safety measures of air transportation

For specific Japan airlines business operators $ ^{2} $ , there have been no accidents causing a passenger fatality since 1986. However, in

order to cope with the troubles on safety appropriately, airlines are obligated to construct safety management systems and report troubles on safety and a special designated group is executing rigid audits including spot audits. In April 2009, the information of troubles on safety, inspections and audit records was administered collectively; the utilization of the system for sharing the information among the related parties was started and preventive safety measures were being pushed forward. In addition, the ramp inspection program towards foreign airplanes that fly to our country is being implemented. At the same time, as the State of Manufacture, best efforts are being put into appropriate and efficient evaluation of safety compliance for passenger airplane development in Japan.