Silviase/jgov_v1.4_full_ann huggingface dataset:
(別紙2)

部 局 名	平成26年度実 績 額	平成27年度予 算 額	平成28年度予 算 額	对27年度予算額比較增△減額	平 成 28 年 度 予 算 額 積 算 内 訳
貸 付 場 所	貸 付 用 途	數 量	貸 付 先	備 考
自治大学校	(257,673)3,478,591	(257,673)3,478,591	(262,932)3,549,583	(5,259)70,992	立川市緑町10-1	事務室	119.18m²	(財)自治研修協会
"	(410)5,544	(410)5,544	(419)5,657	(9)113	"	たぼこ自動販売機設置	0.4m²	三登屋商店
"	(14,795)199,735	(14,795)199,735	(15,097)203,811	(302)4,076	"	自動販売機設置	14.314m²	(株)	(株)
"	(425)5,739	(425)5,739	(340)4,591	(△85)△1,148	"	公衆電話機設置	0.54m²	(株)	(株)
"	(16,125)217,692	(16,125)217,692	(16,454)222,134	(329)4,442	"	移動体通信用基地局の設置	19.62m²	(株)	(株)
"	(4,898)66,128	(4,898)66,128	(4,998)67,478	(100)1,350	"	移動体通信用基地局の設置	5.96m²	(株)
"	(58,222)786,010	(58,222)786,010	(59,411)802,051	(1,189)16,041	"	移動体通信用基地局の設置	70.84m²	(株)
"	(1,704)23,017	(1,704)23,017	(1,739)23,487	(35)470	"	移動体通信用基地局の設置	2.04m²	(株)
"	(33,828)456,690	(33,828)456,690	(34,519)466,010	(691)9,320	"	移動体通信用基地局の設置	41.16m²	(株)
"	(348)4,704	(0)0	(0)0	(0)0	"	会議室	170.22m²	(財)自治研修協会	平成26年度限り
"	(209)2,822	(0)0	(0)0	(0)0	"	会議室	170.22m²	(財)自治研修協会	平成26年度限り
"	(946)12,771	(0)0	(0)0	(0)0	"	会議室	134.23m²	(財)自治研修協会	平成26年度限り
"	(209)2,822	(0)0	(0)0	(0)0	"	会議室	170.22m²	(財)自治研修協会	平成26年度限り
"	(389,792)5,262,265	(388,080)5,239,146	(395,909)5,344,802	(7,829)105,656
計
(別紙2)

部 局 名	平成26年度実 績 額	平成27年度予 算 額	平成28年度予 算 額	对27年度予算額比較增△減額	平 成 28 年 度予 算 額 積 算 内 訳
貸 付 場 所	貸 付 用 途	數 量	貸 付 先	備 考
茨城行政評価事務所	(275)3,716	(255)3,445	(251)3,400	(△4)△45	茨城県水戸市北見町1-11	飲料自動販売機設置	1.27 m²	FVイーストジャパン/榊水戸営業所	平成26年度から(H27名称変更)
"	(0)0	(0)0	(13,292)179,445	(13,292)179,445	"	食堂の運営	95.6 m²	日本ビルシステム株式会社	平成27年度から
"	(0)0	(0)0	(3,309)44,673	(3,309)44,673	"	売店	23.8 m²	有限会社サンタムール	平成27年度から
計	(275)3,716	(255)3,445	(16,852)227,518	(16,597)224,073
東北総合通信局	(4,649)62,763	(4,285)57,858	(4,178)56,415	(△107)△1,443	宮城県仙台市青葉区本町3-2-23	強震計の設置	5.76 m²	国立研究開発法人建築研究所	平成27年度より組織名変更旧)独立行政法人建築研究所
"	(212,034)2,862,470	(212,034)2,862,470	(0)0	△212,034(△2,862,470)	"	食堂·売店·自動販売機等	261.04 m²	総務省共済組合本省支部	平成26年度で権NECライベックス撤退平成27年度より総務省共済組合本省支部
"	(33,937)458,160	(33,937)458,160	(33,937)458,160	(0)0	"	事務室	44.58 m²	原子力規制委員会原子力規制庁東北分室
計	(250,620)3,383,393	(250,256)3,378,488	(38,115)514,575	(△212,141)△2,863,913
中国総合通信局	(2,707)36,547	(1,692)35,532	(0)0	(△1,692)△35,532	広島県広島市中区東白島町19-14	自動販売機設置	2.82 m²	(株)アペックス中国支社	平成27年度まで
消防庁	(30,629)413,493	(30,629)413,493	(31,078)419,561	(449)6,068	消防大学校(南寮)	売店	18.49 m²	(株)アペコ
"	(267)3,615	(267)3,615	(267)3,615	(0)0	消防大学校(南寮)	自動販売機設置	0.31 m²	イナギ薬品
"	(1,282)17,314	(0)0	(0)0	(0)0	消防大学校(南寮)	自動販売機設置	1.187 m²	(株)エームサービス	平成23年度～26年度
"	(475)6,416	(475)6,416	(475)6,416	(0)0	消防研究センター(機械研究棟)	自動販売機設置	0.55 m²	コカ·コーライーストジャパン(株)
"	(1,545)20,860	(1,545)20,860	(1,545)20,860	(0)0	消防研究センター(本館)	自動販売機設置	1.43 m²	東京キリンビバレッジサービス(株)
"	(0)0	(0)0	(0)0	(0)0	消防大学校(北·南寮)	自動販売機設置	3.51 m²	アーバンベンディックスネットワーク(株)	平成22年度～25年度
"	(2,427)32,778	(2,427)32,778	(2,654)35,842	(227)3,064	消防大学校(南寮2,4F)	自動販売機設置	2.34 m²	アーバンベンディックスネットワーク(株)	平成26年度から
(別紙2)

部 局 名	平成26年度実 績 額	平成27年度予 算 額	平成28年度予 算 額	对27年度予算額比較增△減額	平 成 28 年 度 予 算 額 積 算 内 訳
貸 付 場 所	貸 付 用 途	数 量	貸 付 先	備 考
"	(0)0	(0)0	(0)0	(0)0	消防大学校(本館·南寮)	自動販売機設置	1.2 m²	(株)八洋	平成22年度～25年度
"	(3,776)51,005	(3,776)51,005	(2,917)39,385	(△859)△11,620	消防大学校(本館3F,5F,第二本館)	自動販売機設置	2.62 m²	(株)八洋	平成26年度から
"	(3,065)41,388	(3,065)41,388	(3,065)41,388	(0)0	消防大学校(北·南寮)	自動販売機設置	2.56 m²	(株)伊藤園	平成24年度から
"	(0)0	(0)0	(0)0	(0)0	消防大学校(本館、第二本館)	自動販売機設置	3.02 m²	東京コカ・コーラボトリング(株)	平成22年度～25年度
"	(4,182)56,471	(4,182)56,471	(2,793)37,711	(△1,389)△18,760	消防大学校(本館、北·南寮)	自動販売機設置	2.35 m²	コカ・コーライーストジャパン(株)	平成26年度から
計	(47,648)(643,340)	(46,366)626,026	(44,794)604,778	(△1,572)△21,248
合計	(4,391,784)59,289,426	(4,390,445)59,284,054	(4,398,930)59,385,887	(8,485)101,833

(注) 金額の上段の()書は、消費税額及び地方消費税額であり、内書である。
総務省主管

平成28年度「公務員宿舍貸付料調書」

(单位:千円)

收入見込	区分	平成26年度以前既存分①	平成27年度以降新設增加分②	平成28年度收入見込額③(E)+(F)+(H)+(I)+(K)
平成27年度収納実績	27年度年換算額(A)×12/7(B)	28年度経年減額見込額(C)	(C)、②以外の増減見込額(転用·取りこわし)(D)	計(B)-(C)±(D)(E)	平成27年度	平成27年度設置計画分	平成27年度設置計画分(E)+(F)+(H)+(I)+(K)
4月	5月	6月	累計(A)	25年度以前設置計画分25年度途中完成分の年換算額(F)	平成27年度設置計画分	戶数(戶)面積(m²)	28年度途中完成分の21年度收入(J)	26年度收入(K)
宿舍	2,405	2,336	2,302	7,043	28,172	0	△1,045	27,127	27,127
駐車場	440	428	422	1,290	5,160	0	△350	4,810	4,810
計	2,845	2,764	2,724	8,333	33,332	0	△1,395	31,937	0	0	0	0	0	0	31,937
同上積算內訳	宿舍·駐車場
戶数(戶)又は台数(台)	180	41
面積(m²)	6,644	51312.5
## ○平成28年度情報公開関係手数料収入見積の考え方

平成27年4月から6月までの収入実績を基礎として算出した。

2,170 千円 （現金分：140 千円 印紙分：2,030 千円）

(单位:円)

4月	5月	6月	計…①	①×12/3
現金分	開示請求手数料	600	1,500	300	2,400	9,600
窓口受付分	600	1,500	300	2,400	9,600
オンライン受付分	0	0	0	0	0
開示実施手数料	18,620	13,960	0	32,580	130,320
窓口受付分	18,620	13,960	0	32,580	130,320
オンライン受付分	0	0	0	0	0
計	19,220	15,460	300	34,980	139,920
印紙分	開示請求手数料	7,500	23,400	14,400	45,300	181,200
開示実施手数料	145,290	35,670	281,300	462,260	1,849,040
計	152,790	59,070	295,700	507,560	2,030,240
総計	172,010	74,530	296,000	542,540	2,170,160

## ○平成28年度個人情報開示請求手数料収入見積の考え方

平成27年4月から6月までの収入実績を基礎として算出した。

2 千円 （現金分：0 千円 印紙分：2 千円）

(单位: 円)

4月	5月	6月	計…①	①×12/3
現 金 分	0	0	0	0	0
印 紙 分	0	300	300	600	2,400
合 計	0	300	300	600	2,400
## ○平成28年度収支報告書等の写しの交付に係る手数料収入見積の考え方

平成24年度から平成26年度までの収入実績を基礎として算出した。

1 千円 （現金分： 0 千円 印紙分： 1 千円）

(单位:円)

平成24年度～平成26年度	年度平均
現金分	0	0
印紙分	700	233
総計	700	233

## ○平成28年度少額領収書等の写しの開示に係る手数料収入見積の考え方

平成24年度から平成26年度までの収入実績を基礎として算出した。

178 千円 (現金分: 44 千円 印紙分: 134 千円)

(单位:円)

平成24年度～平成26年度	年度平均
現金分	131,000	43,667
印紙分	400,550	133,517
総計	531,550	177,184
## Section 1 Measures against Boryokudan

In recent years, in addition to traditional funding activities, intercession in civil disputes and violence targeting government organizations, the Boryokudan have infiltrated into a variety of private sectors including the construction, finance and industrial waste disposal industries, and have also engaged in securities trading while concealing their organizational backgrounds. By disguising as legitimate business activity and exploiting their collaborators, the Boryokudan are intensifying their funding activities.

Column: Promoting reintegration measures for Boryokudan members

To eliminate Boryokudan, based on the fact that it is important to dissociate as many members as possible from the Boryokudan and encourage their reintegration, the police are working with Prefectural Centers to Promote Movements for Elimination of Violence and relevant organizations/groups to establish committees for reintegration measures throughout Japan, and give advice to individuals who try to leave the Boryokudan. Since April 2013, the police and probation offices have been sharing information on the release of inmates from correctional facilities who have left the Boryokudan with the help of police and are paroled. Both entities collaborate to implement support that includes finding jobs so that such individuals do not rejoin the Boryokudan.

Trends in Boryokudan (full/associate) membership (2004–2013)

Note: The percentage composed of the 3 groups = the total no. in the Yamaguchi-gumi, Sumiyoshi-kai, and Inagawa-kai ÷ the total no. × 100
## Section 2 Anti-Drug and Anti-Firearm Measures 1 Drug Situation

The number of arrests for drug offenses in 2013 was 12,951, a slight decrease from the previous year, and the number of arrests for stimulant offenses was also slightly lower. However, with the amount of seized stimulants showing a great increase over the previous year, the drug situation remains severe.

Arrests for drug-related crimes (2013)

## 2 Firearms Situation

In 2013, there were a succession of incidents involving the discharge of firearms by Boryokudan members, etc. targeting members of the general public and private businesses. There were also 128 incidents involving firearms use. The police are promoting measures against firearms, undertaking law enforcement activities with an emphasis on seizing the arsenals of organized crime groups and cracking down on smuggling, trafficking, and other cases.

Case: A man (age 27) employed at a university was in possession, at his home, of 2 handmade handguns manufactured with a 3D printer. In May 2014, that man was arrested for violating the Firearms and Swords Control Law (multiple possession of handguns; Kanagawa, Hyogo).

## Section 3 Measures against Crimes by Visiting Foreigners

There were 15,419 arrests of foreigners who committed crimes in Japan in 2013, and 9,884 persons arrested. Both numbers are slightly higher than the previous year.

Trends in arrests for crimes committed by foreigners in Japan (1984–2013)
## Section 4 Measures against Crime Proceeds

In order to weaken criminal organizations such as Boryokudan and annihilate them, it is important to prevent criminal proceeds from being transferred to criminal organizations and to ensure that criminal organizations are stripped of criminal proceeds. The police are promoting measures against criminal proceeds, making use of the Act on Prevention of Transfer of Criminal Proceeds for analysis of suspicious transaction reports and relevant information, and the Act on Punishment of Organized Crimes and Control of Crime Proceeds for arresting offenders of money laundering. In 2013, there were 282 cases cleared of money laundering, of which 30.1% were related to Boryokudan.

Trends in reports of suspicious transactions (2009–2013)

Year Classification	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013
Annual no. of received cases	272,325	294,305	337,341	364,366	349,361
Annual no. of disseminated cases	189,749	208,650	234,836	281,475	296,501

Note 1: The number of annual received cases refers to the number of reports of suspicious transaction reports notified from the administrative agencies with jurisdiction over specific business operators and accepted by NPSC.

Note 2: The number of annual disseminated cases refers to the number of cases providing information regarding suspicious transaction disseminated by the NPSC to investigative agencies.

Trends in cleared money laundering cases (2004–2013)

Year	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013
Classification
Violation of the Act on Punishment of Organized Crimes and Control of Crime Proceeds (cases)	65(40)	107(48)	134(53)	177(60)	173(63)	226(90)	205(90)	243(81)	238(55)	272(75)
Management control of enterprises (Article 9)	0(0)	0(0)	1(0)	0(0)	1(1)	0(0)	1(0)	1(0)	0(0)	2(0)
Concealment of criminal proceeds (Article 10)	50(29)	65(21)	91(18)	137(35)	134(41)	172(49)	139(46)	150(43)	158(27)	171(35)
Receipt of criminal proceeds (Article 11)	15(11)	42(27)	42(35)	40(25)	38(21)	54(41)	65(44)	92(38)	80(28)	99(40)
Violation of the Act Concerning Special Provision for Narcotics	5(3)	5(4)	10(5)	7(5)	12(5)	10(4)	9(5)	8(3)	11(4)	10(10)
Concealment of drug criminal proceeds (Article 6)	5(3)	3(2)	5(3)	5(4)	10(4)	5(1)	8(4)	8(3)	8(2)	6(6)
Receipt of drug criminal proceeds (Article 7)	0(0)	2(2)	5(2)	2(1)	2(1)	5(3)	1(1)	0(0)	3(2)	4(4)

Note: Numbers in parentheses indicate offenses committed by Boryokudan members
# Special Feature I: Countermeasures against Threats in Cyberspace

## Section 1: Threats in Cyberspace

The Internet has become entrenched as social infrastructure essential to citizens' lifestyles and economic activities, and cyberspace has now become an integral part of citizens' lives. Within this backdrop, as well as a rush of cybercrimes such as online banking frauds, cyber-attacks such as cyber-terrorism attacks that disable the fundamental systems of government agencies and critical infrastructure companies and paralyze social functions, and cyber-espionage that use info-communications technologies to steal classified information from government agencies or companies with advanced technology, are occurring frequently on a global scale, reflecting the escalating threat levels in cyberspace.

## (2) Case

○ Advance-notice crime/virus distribution cases using the Internet

In relation to advance-notice crime/virus distribution cases using the Internet that occurred between June and September 2012, the Kanagawa Prefectural Police, Osaka Prefectural Police, the MPD and Mie Prefectural Police arrested four men on charges of Forcible Obstruction of Business. Subsequent investigations, however, revealed that the computers of the arrested four had been infected by malware that could not be detected by commercially available anti-virus software, allowing a third party to operate their computers remotely, and that the arrested four had no involvement in the cases.

Threats in Cyberspace

## 1 Status of Cybercrime

## (1) Cleared Cybercrime Cases

2012 witnessed the occurrence of criminal incidents such as advance-notice crime/virus distribution cases using the Internet and online banking frauds. The number of cleared cybercrime cases in 2012 was 7,334, an increase of 1,593 cases (27.7%) over the previous year and the highest number of cases recorded to date, representing a roughly 4.6 times increase over ten years since 2002, during which 1,606 cases were cleared.

The relevant four prefectural police reviewed this case, and the NPA issued instructions to all prefectural police forces nationwide regarding preventive measures against recurrence, such as the enhancement of knowledge related to cybercrime investigation and comprehensive evaluation of evidence.

In February 2013, the joint investigation headquarters, comprised of the four relevant prefectural police forces, arrested a suspect on charges of Forcible Obstruction of Business for perpetrating advance-notice crime using the said malware.

Trend in Cleared Cybercrime Cases (2008 – 2012)

Year	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012
Total (cases)	6,321	6,690	6,933	5,741	7,334
## 2 Cyber-attack Status

## (1) Modus Operandi of Cyber-attacks

## 1 ) Modus Operandi of Cyber-terrorism

Info-communications technologies have permeated modern society, and critical infrastructure essential to our lifestyles, such as electrical power, gas and water supply are also supported by information systems.

The threat of cyber-terrorism, which can cause significant damage to citizens' lifestyles and economic activities by hindering the maintenance of infrastructure functions and provision of services through cyber-attacks on key systems in critical infrastructure, is now a reality. To date, Japan has not experienced any damage due to cyber-terrorism such as social disruption caused by cyber-attacks targeting the key systems of critical infrastructures. However, incidents that have disrupted the functions of financial institution systems or the control systems of nuclear power plants have occurred overseas. Techniques that can be used in cyber-terrorism include DDoS attacks that disable the provision of services from a victim's computer by using multiple computers to overload it with massive data transmissions, and the illegal access of computers and planting of malware that allows the perpetrator to instruct a computer to execute actions not intended by the computer's administrator or user.

A disabled ATM of a Korean financial institution

## 2 ) Modus Operandi of Cyber-espionage

In recent years, with the storage of information as electronic data now commonplace, the threat of cyber-intelligence for the objective of stealing advanced technologies that can be converted to military technologies or classified information on national strategies in diplomatic negotiations, etc. has become a global issue.

Techniques that may be used in cyber-espionage typically include the sending of targeted e-mails, designed to steal information by infecting recipient computers with malware that cannot be detected by commercially available anti-virus software, which masquerade as legitimate business related correspondence.

NPA has confirmed that 1,009 targeted e-mail attacks sent to private sector companies, etc. in Japan during the year 2012. Of these, some employed a subtle approach whereby e-mails under the guise of legitimate inquiry were sent to public e-mail addresses set up for general inquiries, and e-mails with attached malware were later sent after further exchange of e-mail communications.

“Exchange style” targeted e-mail attack

## (2) Case

○ Cyber-attack case targeting the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)

A targeted e-mail attack was launched against the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in January 2012. An employee computer was consequently infected with malware and it was revealed that this resulted in the leaking of information in the computer and on-screen information during operations, as well as log-in information, etc. for systems accessed by the infected computer between July and August 2011. Furthermore, in November 2012, another employee computer was infected with malware, revealing the possibility that information on rocket specifications and operations may have been stolen.
## Section 2: Measures against Threats in Cyberspace

## 1 Reinforcing Cyber-security Measures

In July 2012, the NPA established the new position of Director-General of the Commissioner General’s Secretariat to preside over cyber-security strategies, with a view towards reinforcing strategic responses spanning all departments in relation to the numerous difficult issues of dealing with threats in cyberspace. Under the Director-General, a cross-organizational structure has been established which undertakes priority reviews and enhancement of policies related to while taking into consideration issues such as the improvement of capabilities against cybercrimes and cyber-attacks, the enhancement of international cooperation based on securing analytical structures and enforcement powers, the upgrading of information and communications technologies and the amendment of laws.

organizations. In addition, for measures against illegal/harmful information, in order to undertake coordinated measures while avoiding overlapping investigations by the related prefectural police forces, enforcement utilizes a nationwide cooperative investigation method.

## (1) The Internet Hotline Center Approach, etc

Since June 2006, the NPA has commenced operation of the Internet Hotline Center (IHC) that accepts reports from general Internet users concerning illegal/harmful information, and handles reports submitted to the police concerning illegal information and undertakes actions such as requesting website administrators, etc. to delete illegal/harmful contents, and is promoting coordination between member organizations of “INHOPE”, which was set up as a liaison organization for the hotline of each nation.

196,474 reports were received by the IHC in 2012. Of these, 38,933 concerned illegal

Policies structures promoting cyber-security measures

## 2 Countermeasures against Cybercrimes

An immense amount of information is in circulation on the Internet, and cooperation between the police and private businesses, etc. is essential for measures concerning this information. Consequently, as with other countries, the NPA has entrusted the operation of hotline services to private sector information and 12,003 concerned harmful information. In addition, the IHC issued 17,503 requests for the deletion of illegal information, of which 15,872 were complied with to achieve a deletion rate of 90.7%. Regarding harmful information, 6,167 out of 7,738 cases were deleted to achieve a deletion rate of 79.7%.
The IHC Approach

## (2) Effective Enforcement against Illegal/Harmful Information

Based on IHC reports and other information, the police endeavour to collect illegal/harmful information, and using the nationwide cooperative investigation method, undertake effective enforcement against illegal information and promote enforcement that primarily targets harmful information. In 2012, the number of cases cleared based on reports from the IHC was 3,303, an increase of 1,704 cases (106.6%) over the previous year.

Overview of nationwide cooperative investigation method

## 3 Measures against Cyber-attacks

## (1) Reinforcement of Structures

In May 2013, the Cyber Force Center in the NPA established the position of Director for Counter Cyber-Attacks, to provide guidance and coordinate investigations by prefectural police, promote public/private cooperation and information exchange with overseas security intelligence agencies, and established the Cyber-Attack Analysis Center headed by said Director for Counter Cyber-Attacks to reinforce cyber-attack related information gathering/analysis functions. In addition, in April of the same year, Anti-Cyber-Attack taskforces were established in the 13 prefectures in which many government agencies and critical infrastructures are located. Anti-Cyber-Attack Units aim to improve investigative capabilities in relation to cyber-attack cases occurring nationwide by providing technical, technological and structural support for other prefectural police forces, and to perform central roles in the promotion of information gathering activities and the establishment of cooperative relationships with private sector businesses, etc.
Structure promoting cyber-attack countermeasures

## (2) Exposing Actual Conditions

While promoting investigations into illegal activities, police also analyze computers that have been subjected to cyber-attacks as well as malware to promote the exposure of actual conditions related to the attackers and the techniques used. If, in the course of investigating a cyber-attack case, it becomes clear that the source computer, etc. is overseas, the police issue requests for international investigative cooperation through the International Criminal Police Organization (ICPO) and other organizations and promote the exposure of actual conditions related to cyber-attacks by exchanging information with overseas security intelligence agencies.

Column: 2012 Internet observation results During 2012, Cyber Force Center in the NPA observed a high rate of suspicious access attempts occurring at about once every 5 minutes and 20 seconds in relation to each sensor set up at connection points to the Internet, originating not only within Japan but from overseas as well. In particular, during 2012, there was an increase in access attempts targeting remote desktop functions that more than doubled the figure for 2011. Remote desktop functions are widely used in the management of remotely located computers, and although these functions are convenient, if they are exploited by a third party, the computer can be hijacked. Consequently, it can be inferred that individuals seeking to exploit the computers of others are randomly searching for computers that can be exploited. In addition, many access attempts believed to be by malware designed to attack remote desktop functions were also observed.

Access attempts targeting remote desktop functions* and measure to prevent damages
## (3) Preventing Damage through Cooperation with Private Sector Companies

In order to deal with cyber-attacks, it is important for society as a whole, with public and private sectors working together, to deal with these issues, without relying solely on approaches taken by the police. In order to prevent damages of cyber-attacks and to respond appropriately when attacks do occur, the police have established cooperative frameworks with private sector companies, etc. as shown in the figure below, and are promoting approaches that utilize private sector know-how.

knowledge and technological expertise, high performance analytical equipment, and is implementing IT analyses requiring particularly high-level expertise such as extraction and analysis of data on damaged hard-disks and other memory formats and the analysis of malware, etc.

With regards to transnational cybercrime, when domestic investigations fail to identify the

4 Technological Support for Enforcement against Crime

With new electronic devices such as smartphones increasingly exploited in various criminal activities, the police established High-Tech Crime Technology Divisions in the Info-Communications Bureau of the NPA and prefectural info-communications departments to provide technological support for criminal investigations by prefectural police. Of these, the NPA Info-Communications Bureau retains personnel possessing high level specialist

criminal, it is necessary to seek the cooperation of foreign investigations agencies. The NPA utilizes frameworks on international assistance in investigation such as Mutual Legal Assistance Treaties (Agreements) the ICPO to deal with transnational cybercrime. In addition, the NPA is actively engaged in information exchanges with foreign investigation agency personnel and the establishment of cooperative relations, etc. through international conferences and discussions with international investigations agencies.