Hokuriku: Niigata, Toyama, Ishikawa and Fukui

## Figure 16: Transition of employment composition by occupation

While the number of workers in agriculture, fishery and forestry is declining, the percentage of the professional and engineering workers, clerical workers, and service workers is increasing. The percentage of manufacturing process workers and labourers tends to decline; employment structure is showing the trend toward the service economy, even in terms of each occupation.

Source: Prepared by the Office of Counselor for Labour Policy, MHLW, based on the "Population Census" (1950~2010, Statistics Bureau, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications and "Labour Force Survey" (2012) Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications

(Note) The data of 1995, 2000 and 2005 are the estimate and tabulation based on the extracted details tabulation by the Statistics Bureau, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications. The data of 1990 and before use different notations for occupations and linkage is not possible.

## Figure 17: The composition ratio of public capital formation to the gross prefectural product in each regional block

While the composition ratio of public capital formation to the gross prefectural product is high in Hokkaido, Hokuriku, Kyushu and Okinawa and Tohoku, the ratio tends to decrease in all regions. The rate of decrease during the 10 years from 1999 was relatively high in Hokkaido, Shikoku, Tohoku and Chugoku. The greater the decrease of the composition ratio of public capital formation to the gross prefectural product in a region, the greater the decrease of total workers and the percentage of construction workers in such region.

The change of the composition ratio of public capital formation to the gross prefectural product (1999 to 2009)

Source: Prepared by the Office of Counselor for Labour Policy, MHLW, based on the "Prefectural Economic Accounts" Cabinet Office and "Labour Force Survey" Statistics Bureau, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications

(Note) 1) The regional classification is as follows.

Tohoku: Aomori, Iwate, Miyagi, Akita, Yamagata and Fukushima

South Kanto: Saitama, Chiba, Tokyo and Kanagawa

North Kanto and Koshin: Ibaraki, Tochigi, Gumma, Yamanashi and Nagano

Tokai: Gifu, Shizuoka, Aichi and Mie

Kinki: Shiga, Kyoto, Osaka, Hyogo, Nara and Wakayama

Chugoku: Tottori, Shimane, Okayama, Hiroshima and Yamaguchi

Kyushu and Okinawa: Fukuoka, Saga, Nagasaki, Kumamoto, Oita, Miyazaki, Kagoshima and Okinawa

2) The correlation coefficient between the change rate of public capital formation composition ratio and the increase rate of the employed was 0.764, and the correlation coefficient between the change rate of public capital formation composition ratio and the change rate of construction workers composition ratio was 0.516.

## Figure 18: Transition of the entry rate and the exit rate

The entry rate tended to decrease until 1998, and then generally remained unchanged; the exit rate, while there was a fluctuation, generally remained unchanged. Up until 2000, the entry rate exceeded the exit rate, but after 2000 the entry rate and exit rate have intersected several times, indicating that the number of business establishments is not increasing so much in recent years.

Source: Prepared by the Office of Counselor for Labour Policy, MHLW, based on the "Employment Insurance Statistics" Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare

(Note) 1) Entry rate = Number of business establishments to which employment insurance newly applies in the year $ \div $ Number of applicable business establishments in the previous year

Exit rate = Number of business establishments to which employment insurance no longer applies ÷ Number of applicable business establishments in the previous year

2) In and after 1995, the correlation coefficient between the real economic growth rate and the entry rate was 0.327, and the correlation coefficient between the real economic growth rate and the exit rate was -0.111. During the period from 1981 to 2009, the correlation coefficient with the entry rate was 0.741, and that with the exit rate was -0.146.