Silviase/jgov_v1.4_full_ann huggingface dataset:
きる。

・ 犯罪者は，グループが彼らの犯罪に関連したニーズに最も適当であると思われた場合にのみ受け入れられる。たとえば，かんしゃくの問題を抱えた黒人犯罪者は，怒りの処理に関するグループ(anger management group)に委託されるであろう。

## 委託のメカニズム

十分な委託を確保することは現在進行中の問題である。委託が不足することは，グループ3をキャンセルする理由の一つになっている。

委託を促すために，潜在的なグループメンバーを同定する異なった方法が用いられる。

委託担当の職員とは独立に直接犯罪者に郵便を出すことは，ルーティン的な委託（包括的な委託）の制度よりも，グループワークへのより平等なアクセスにつながった。

## 管理上の支援を得ること

・プログラムは進行する相談業務と訓練のために資金を必要とする。当初はCrossroadsというETEのプロバイダによって支払われていたが，現在はILPSにより資金調達されている。

## 時間的な問題

以前グループを実施していた職員によって経験された仕事量の問題は，適切にグループを計画したり，十分その問題に彼ら自身をなじませたりする十分な時間を見つけるのが難しいということであった。

## グループ参加者のプロフィール

・ 幅広い年齢層が参加した（18～38歳）。

委託の20％は女子であり，グループを始めた女子はすべて最後まで修了した。

コースの題材はアフリカンとアフロ・カリビアンの範囲の参加者には，妥当であると認識された。これまでグループにアジアの出身者はいなかったが，それはその地区の民族構成を反映しているようである。

暴力犯罪を起こした者は，グループを開始するときのほぼ半数を数えたが，そのうち半分しか修了しなかった。

委託の大半は無職者であり，ETE関係の援助を必要とした。

・ グループを開始した者と修了した者のOGRS 2 得点は17%から98%であり，平均は54%であった。

## 出席

22名の黒人が3グループのどれかを開始し，15名が修了した。

・ コースが実施されるにつれ，修了者の割合が増え，最後のコースでは100％の修了率を達成した。

・プログラムで要求される時間面での重い義務は，修了するかどうかに影響するようには思われない。

## プログラムの誠実性

・ グループリーダーとプログラムの監督責任者との継続的な討議を通して，プログラムを20セッションにまで拡大することと，いくつかのセッションの順序を変更することが決定された。
ETEセッションを導入するのは，考えていたよりもプログラムの後の方にすることが決まった。参加者が当初，より多くの時間を要求したのは，ETEの要素の統合に移る道筋を見つける部分より前に，気付きを発達させることや自分たちの行動について責任を受け入れることであった。

フィードバック

・ 犯罪者からのフィードバックは非常にポジティブなものであった。改善が必要であるとして選び出された領域でさえも、いかにそのワークが長期にわたり拡大され得るか、刑事司法システムの明星へとつながり得るかということに集中する傾向があった。

- 犯罪行為は参加者のアイデンティティの中心にあるようには思われない。それは，彼らがポジティブな自己イメージを作り上げることができる可能性を示唆しており，そうした自己イメージの中では継続した犯行が目立たない。

多くの者にとって，すべて黒人のグループに参加したことは，価値あることや安全を発見した新しい経験であった。

・ グループメンバー間の近接性が所属やアイデンティティの感覚に結びついた。

参加者の経験に適切とみなされたグループワークの題材は，おおいに熱中や関心を生んだ。

しばしばグループメンバーの過去の経験においては無視されていた黒人の歴史は，かなりインパクトがあった。

関係性，自己への気付き，目標設定及びETEの要素をカバーするセッションは有用であるとして選び出された。

変化のサイクルは個人の経験について考える方法として役に立つと知覚された。

## 変化の兆候

変化を測定するような，精神測定学的なテスト結果は手に入らなかった。同様に，再犯データも今のところ手に入らない。

多くのグループメンバーのバックグラウンド（犯罪に傾いた家族や仲間との強い結びつき）に何か変化を与えることが，大きな達成の一部となった。

グループメンバーは，コースワークの題材を使って，社会的要因と彼ら自身の行動，過去と未来とのつながりを吟味することができた。

・ グループ内の共同の責任がとりわけ強力であったと報告された。

・ グループメンバーは，犯罪に用いられた能力を建設的方法で使い得る方法を見つけることができた。

グループに参加することは，参加者が古い困難に対処するための新しい方法を発達させるのに助かったという報告があった。

## 伝達方法の評価

グループリーダーは，初期の懐疑的な態度を克服することができた。グループメンバーは，白人支配的な刑事司法組織から純粋に役立つ介入を受ける可能性を感じたと思われる。

• 幅広いグループメンバーのニーズに対するグループリーダーの敏感な感受性がこのプログラムの成功には必要不可欠であった。

## 勧告
・ 黒人の問題に関して、すべてのスタッフの相談や研修を行い続けること。

・プログラムに関する正しい情報がいつでも手に入るようにすること。

仕事量の問題に取り組み，データの収集を促進するために，専任のグループワーカーの登用を考えること。

- 犯罪者たちに十分グループの準備をさせたり，プログラムを整理して思い出させたりするために，プログラムの予習復習の題材を発展させること。

評価のツールとしてのDelsol態度質問紙の更なる発展を支援すること。

現在，グリーンウィッチとレウィッシャムで発展したモデルが他の区にも採用されている。我々は，このグループ運営の経験が，以下のことを適切に証明していると信じている。つまり黒人の観点を採用することにより，黒人の犯罪者に対する別の対処方法を提供することである。それは，グループメンバーが人種主義と彼ら自身の行動とを結びつけるダイナミクスを理解し始めることができるような枠組みを与える。そして，このプロセスは，遵法行為の助けになる，自己の感覚を発達させる基礎を提供することができるのである。
資料 3 ILPS の資料, INTERPRETERS IN ILPS A Brief Analysis of the Monitoring Forms Received in 1999,2000

# INNER LONDON PROBATION SERVICE

# INTERPRETERS IN ILPS

# A Brief Analysis of the Monitoring Forms Received in 1999
# INTERPRETERS IN ILPS

###### A Brief Analysis of the Monitoring Forms Received in 1999 (31.12.98 – 01.01.00)

This paper contains information gathered from a total of 1040 monitoring forms submitted by probation officers for the year 1999.

The information assessed covers the following areas:

The number of times interpreters have been used, by borough (Table 1)

The number of times interpreters have been used, by office (Table 2)

The number of languages used (Table 3)

The tasks for which the interpreters were used and the number of times each task was carried out (Table 4)

The sources from which the interpreter was obtained (Table 5)

The level of the interpreters’ performance/competence (Table 6)

In a number, of instances, certain sections of the Monitoring Forms have not been filled in. These areas are shown in the relevant tables under the headings: (a) Blank and (b) No office entered.

Comments on each area and the relevant tables follow.

A summary of observations made appears at the end of this paper.

The number of times interpreters have been used (by borough):

As is evident from Table 1, Lambeth is the borough, where the use of interpreters is most prevalent, due to a significant number of ethnic communities including refugees, who have been resettled in that area. In all cases where interpreters were used Lambeth stands at 21.7%, followed by Central London (Kensington/Chelsea & Westminster) where the use of interpreters is 17.5% and Camden & Islington at 9.4%.

TABLE 1

BOROUGH	CountOfBOR
LAMBETH	226
CENTRAL LONDON	182
CAMDEN & ISLINGTON	98
HACKNEY	87
TOWER HAMLETS	76
HAMMERSMITH & FULHA	63
SOUTHWARK	55
WANDSWORTH	51
COMMUNITY SERVICE	49
LEWISHAM	47
BLANK	37
GREENWICH	28
CROWN COURTS	26
PRISONS	10
HOSTELS	5
## The number of times interpreters used (by office):

In 1999 Dorset Close was the office which had the most frequent use of interpreters (15.6%) followed by Stockwell Road with (8.4%) of the total number of times an interpreter was used by ILPS.

A wide range of languages was used in both offices, 19 languages in Dorset Cl. and 11 languages in Stockwell Road. Whilst Dorset Close listed Arabic and Italian as the most commonly used languages Portuguese was the top language in demand in Stockwell Rd. and other Lambeth offices.

TABLE 2

ILPS Office	CountOffLPS Office
DORSET CLOSE	163
STOCKWELL ROAD	88
ASKEW ROAD	64
CLAPHAM HIGH STREET	63
REED HOUSE	55
HARPENDEN HOUSE	55
ST JOHN STREET	52
EAST HILL	37
LEWISHAM HIGH STREET	34
ENGLEFIELD ROAD	31
CHISWICK COMMUNITY SERVIC	29
CAMDEN HOUSE	28
GREAT DOVER STREET	27
MORNINGTON GROVE	26
KIMPTON ROAD	24
CAMBRIDGE HEATH ROAD	24
CROXTED ROAD	20
HOLLOWAY ROAD	19
NO OFFICE ENTERED	18
POWIS STREET	17
LATCHMERE ROAD	14
RIVERSIDE HOUSE	14
GREENWICH HIGH ROAD	13
BASINGHALL STREET	13
NOTTING HILL GATE	12
SOUTHWARK COMMUNITY SER	9
MIDDLESEX GUILDHALL	9
GREENWICH COMMUNITY SERV	9
ALFRED STREET	8
BLACKFRIARS CC	8
CAMBRIDGE HEALTH ROAD	7
RATHBONE PLACE	7
RICHBOURNE TERRACE CS	7
INNER LONDON CC	7
CENTRAL CRIMINAL COURT	6
CANADIAN AVENUE	6
HMP PENTONVILLE	5
HDC UNIT	3
CAMBERWELL ROAD	3
HMP HOLLOWAY	2
WOOLWICH CC	1
HMP LOWDHAM GRANGE	1
SOUTHWARK CROWN COURT	1
HMP BRIXTON PRISON	1
## The number of languages used:

The forms received in 1999 show Vietnamese and Portuguese with the highest percentage of use, i.e. Portuguese equalling 10.4% and Vietnamese 9.7%. The fluctuation in the demand for languages stems from global events such as wars, natural disasters, etc. These events result in an influx of the nationals from countries where these events occur and a number find their way onto ILPS caseload. However as observed over the past 4 to 5 years, the top ten languages on the list have remained fairly steady and the only fluctuation observed has been within this bracket.

## TABLE 3

LANGUAGE	CountOfLanguageID
PORTUGUESE	109
VIETNAMESE	101
FRENCH	87
SPANISH/LATIN AMERICA	86
ARABIC	74
TURKISH	67
ITALIAN	65
BENGALI	65
ALBANIAN	61
POLISH	54
ROMANIAN	47
SIGN LANGUAGE	44
SOMALI	25
TAMIL	22
RUSSIAN	22
KURDISH	18
CHINESE/MAND/CAN.	16
CHINESE/CANTONESE	15
LINGALA	12
PUNJABI	8
BENGALI(SYLHETI)	8
PERSIAN (FARSI)	6
DUTCH	4
URDU	3
TIGRINYA	3
AMHARIC	3
ALGERIAN	3
BOSNIAN	2
BERBER	1
BRAVANESE	1
GEORGIAN	1
GREEK	1
GUJERATI	1
KOREAN	1
SERBO CROAT	1
SWAHILI	1
THAI	1
JAMAICAN PATOIS	1
The tasks for which interpreters were used and the number of times each task was carried out:

The tasks/purposes for which the services of an interpreter(s) was used can roughly be divided into 2 categories

a) The initial interview/ report writing session or placement interview, shown on table 4 as PSR

b) The subsequent interviews, shown on the table as ONGOING

In addition to these 2 categories, situations can arise where the interpreter arrives and the individual who is supposed to be interviewed, does not show up. This section is shown as FAIL TO ATTEND in the table. Finally, there are forms which are incompletely filled, which makes it impossible to ascertain the purpose of the interview, this part comes under the heading BLANK in the table.

Table 4 shows that of all the tasks undertaken during 1999, PSR constitutes almost half – approximately 46%, ongoing interviews made up 31.6 percent of all the tasks.

A finding which is a matter for some concern relates to item 3 of the table – FAIL TO ATTEND. The table shows that during the 12 months of 1999, 187 persons have failed to keep their appointment with their probation officer. It is possible that these individuals have not understood the importance and/or the need for presenting themselves and one can therefore conclude that this has happened, because the individual did not have an adequate command of English and could not understand the contents of the appointment letter.

This has legal and financial implications, which should be noted: In line with National Standards and the requirements of the law and taking into consideration the pending incorporation of the Human Rights Charter into UK legislation, ILPS should develop a range of standard appointment letters, which could be translated into different languages. Every time an individual misses their appointment, ILPS pays the interpreter, who has presented themselves on time, the sum of £40.00 plus travelling expenses. If we take £4.00 as an average travel fee, in 187 instances paying £44 each time, means that ILPS has paid the sum of £8228 for nothing, as the interpreter could not offer a service in the absence of the client.

## TABLE 4

CountOfTask undertaken	TASK UNDERTAKEN
480 PSR
329 ONGOING
187 FAIL TO ATTEND
44 BLANK
## Sources from which interpreters were obtained:

This is one of the two sections of the Monitoring Form, which is frequently left blank. As the Table 5 shows 35.4% percent of the forms were not filled in. Twenty one percent (20.6%) were shown as court interpreters, 32.5% were from the ILPS Interpreters List and 11.3% had been obtained from other sources. In addition there is also a degree of inaccuracy in the data entry, for example I interpreters from the ILPS List are listed under Other sources or vice-versa.

## TABLE 5

Source of Interpreter	CountOfSource
BLANK	369
COURT INTERPRETER	215
ILPS DIRECTORY	338
OTHER	118

## The level of interpreter performance/competence

In this as in the above table, a large number of forms have been left blank, also in cases where the client has not shown up, the interpreters performance was obviously not filled in. In Table 6, 44.1% are shown as Excellent, 18.7% as Good, 1.5% as Fair and 0.4% as Poor. In 35% of the cases, this section of the form was left blank.

## TABLE 6

Performance	CountOfPerfo
EXCELLENT	459
BLANK	365
GOOD	195
FAIR	16
POOR	5
## SUMMARY OF STATS:

No. of Monitoring Forms Received.....1040

No. of Languages/Dialects Used.....37

No. of Boroughs (submitting forms).....10

No. of Offices, etc ("……43

## Summary of Observations:

Most sections of the Monitoring Forms has been adequately filled in, with two exceptions

a) Source of Interpreter

b) Level of Interpreter Performance

The number of clients who failed to attend their appointments is considerable. The reason could be that they have not grasped the importance/necessity of attending an interview at the correct time/date. This indicates an urgent need for preparation of standard appointment letters in the various languages.

Although the demand for interpreters in different languages fluctuates, global political and other events being the main factor, as observed the first ten languages listed have held steady for a couple of years and the only fluctuation observed has been within this group. The languages are listed in order of priority.

Vietnamese, Portuguese, Spanish, French, Arabic, Turkish, Italian, Bengali, Albanian, Polish.

Analysis of the Monitoring forms indicates the need for improvement in the quality of data entry. This could be incorporated into current 1 $ ^{st} $ year probation officer training designed to help POs work effectively with interpreters.

Ayesha Tarzi, FOC

April 2000
## 資料4 Language Line のパンフレット及びホームページの一部

11-21 Northdown Street

London N1 9BN

www.languageline.co.uk

Email: info@languageline.co.uk

Fax: 020 7520 1450

Tel: 020 7520 1430

Please ensure that you are using the correct code for your department

ID CODE ___

Telephone Interpreting

020 7713 0090

## Lãngüagê Lãnè

Your Guide to Using Language Line

## Lãngüagê Lihbar

## ©

Interpreters cannot give advice or opinions and are obliged to remain neutral

Do not be afraid to double-check or rephrase if you feel there has been a misunderstanding

Use direct speech; where possible avoid jargon and technical terms

To help the interpreter, break up your questions/information into concise points and do not ask more than one or two questions at a time

The interpreter will only translate the words you say

## ☐ You are in control of the conversation

e.g. maintain eye contact where appropriate, if face-to-face with the customer

Behave as you would in a normal conversation:

## Remember

Before contacting Language Line think about what you will need to ask your customer

Document needs translating?

☑ Plug 2 telephones into one line

☑ Use a hands-free telephone

There is no need to book and no special equipment is needed as you can simply pass the handset between yourself and your customer. However, you may prefer to:

Over 100 languages are available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.

Language Line puts professional interpreters on the phone in seconds.

Short interviews

■ Giving and receiving information

☑ Confirming and making appointments

■ Enquiries/Referrals

First contact situations

Emergencies

Language Line should be used as a complement to any other professional language services you may have. It is ideal for:

## When to use Language Line
☐ Follow the procedures for ‘When you are calling your customer’

☐ Follow the procedures for ‘When your customer is with you’ informing the operator your customer is on hold

☐ Set up a conference call using your company's procedure

"I have all the information I need, is there anything else you would like to ask me?"

* If you need an interpreter of a specific gender we will meet your request whenever possible

6. End the call by saying

■ The interpreter will relay the information between you

## When your customer is with you

## When you are calling your customer

5. Proceed with the conversation

■ The language you require $ ^{*} $

☑ Your name (initial and surname)

4. The operator will connect your customer

☑ Your ID Code

1. Telephone Language Line on 020 7713 0090

The operator will ask you for:

* If you need an interpreter of a specific gender we will meet your request whenever possible

"I have all the information I need, is there anything else you would like to ask me?"

☐ The interpreter will relay the information between you

4. Proceed with the conversation

1. Telephone Language Line on 020 7713 0090

The operator will ask you for:

☐ Follow this with your lead question e.g. How may I help you?

☐ Ask them to introduce you and themselves

☑ Advise the interpreter what phone set up you have e.g. single handset, speaker phone, two handsets

☐ Make a note of the interpreter's ID number

■ Approximately 90 seconds later the operator will connect you to an interpreter

2. You will be put on hold

☐ The location of your customer

☐ Your organisation name (and department, where ___

☐ The language you require $ ^{*} $

☐ Your ID Code

☐ Your name (initial and surname)
Lânguàgê Lĩninh

Contact ■ About ■ Frequently Asked Questions ■ Fun ■ Cultural Links Interpreters on the phone in seconds

## ☐

Quality Standards

## LANGUAGES AVAILABLE

Language Line	Afrikaans	Ethiopian	Kurdish	Serbian
Languages	Akan	Fanti	Latvian	Sinhalese
Text Translations	Albanian	Farsi	Lingala	Slovak
Telephone interpreting in the business sector	Amharic	Finnish	Lithuanian	Somali
Arabic	Flemish	Luganda	Spanish
Armenian	French	Macedonian	Swahili
How to Subscribe	Ashanti	Ga	Malay	Swedish
Training	Assamese	Georgian	Malayalam	Sylheti
Vacancies	Assyrian	German	Maltese	Tagalog
Home	Azerbaijani	Greek	Mandarin	Taiwanese
Bengali	Gujarati	Mandinka	Tamil
Berber	Hakka	Marathi	Telegu
Bosnian	Hausa	Mirpuri	Thai
Bulgarian	Hebrew	Mongolian	Tibetan
Burmese	Hindi	Moroccan	Tigrinian
Cantonese	Hungarian	Nepalese	Turkish
Catalan	Icelandic	Nigerian	Twi
Croatian	Igbo	Norwegian	Ukrainian
Czech	Indonesian	Philippino	Urdu
Danish	Italian	Polish	Uzbek
Dari	Japanese	Portuguese	Vietnamese
Dutch	Kashmiri	Punjabi	Welsh
Eritrean	Kazakh	Pushtu	Wolof
Estonian	Korean	Romanian	Xhosa
Kreo	Russian	Yiddish

This list reflects current demand and may be subject to change. If our interpreters are not available immediately, we will arrange a time to call you back, often within a few minutes.

If you need a language that is not listed here, please ring us anyway. We may be able to handle the call.
資料 5 ILPS の資料, CULTURAL AWARENESS BRIEFING THE VIETNAMIESE COMMUNITY のタイムスケジュール表

CULTURAL AWARENESS BRIEFING

THE VIETNAMESE COMMUNITY

TUESDAY 16 NOVEMBER 1999

9.00AM – 1.00PM

CONFERENCE ROOM

ILPS HEAD OFFICE

9.00 Arrival and registration
9.30 Introduction: Objectives, groundrules, expectations, housekeeping DM
9.40 Ice Breaker Quiz: What do we know about Vietnam and the Vietnamese community in Britain and the world? AT
9.55 Facts and Figures: Information about geography, population, religion, trade, census data, family breakdown, ILPS caseload AT
10.15 Presentation 1: The family and cultural issues VT
10.30 Discussion – Practice implications
10.45 Comments and questions
11.00 Refreshments
11.20 Presentation 2: Crime PC
11.35 Discussion – Practice implications
11.50 Comments and questions
12.05 Presentation 3: Employment, training and education LV
12.20 Discussion – Practice implications
12.35 Final comments and questions
12.50 Plenary
1.00 Lunch

## 2222
资料6 Middlesex Probation Service の資料，判決前調査のフォーム

RACE $ ^{*} $
Black
White
Other
Refused

ETHNIC ORIGIN
Please enter code

HOUSING STATUS*
Not Homeless
Temporary Accommodation
Unsatisfactory Accommodation
Completely Homeless

EMPLOYMENT STATUS $ ^{*} $
Fully Employed
Government Scheme
Unemployed
Other

TICK IF REMANDED IN CUSTODY

PROBLEMS/ISSUES IDENTIFIED AT PSR STAGE
Employment
Accommodation
Finances
Family/Personal Relationships
Domestic Violence
Offending Behaviour
Violence/Self Control
Alcohol
Drugs
Gambling
Mental Health
Other Health
Sex Offending
Child Protection Issues
Peer Group Influences
Leisure
Social Skills
Education/Training
Previous Custody
Five & Previous Convictions

STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL

SENTENCING COURT*
MAGISTRATES & YOUTH COURTS
Acton
Barnet
Brent
Brentford
Ealing
Enfield
Feltham
Haringey (Highgate)
Haringey (Tottenham)
Harrow
Hendon
Uxbridge
Other - Inner London
Other - Outer London
Other Elsewhere
CROWN COURT CENTRES
Harrow
Isleworth
Wood Green
Central Criminal Court
Other - Inner London
Other - Outer London
Other - Elsewhere

KEY DATES	DATE PSR REQUESTED

DD - MM - YY	DATE PSR “PRODUCED”

COMMUNITY SENTENCE PROPOSED*	LENGTH
Supervision Order
Supervision Order & Requirements
Attendance Centre Order
Probation Order
Probation Order & Requirements
Prob. Order & Probation Centre
Prob. Order & Residential Req.
Prob. Order & APH Requirement
Community Service Order
Curfew Order
Combination Order
Comb. Order & Any Requirements
None - not serious enough
None - so serious
DTTO
Anti Social Behaviour Order

DATE OF SENTENCE (DD-MM-YY)

SENTENCES MADE (Record amount/length where appropriate or tick)
SENTENCE	LENGTH	SENTENCE	LENGTH
Discharge	Combination	P. O. Element
Fine (Units)	Order	C. S. Element
Compensation (£)	If Add. Req'ment - tick
MPSO	Suspended Sentence
Supervision Order	S.S.S.O.
Supervision Order & Reqs.	Hospital Order (Limited)
Attendance Centre Order	Hosp. Order (Not Limited)
Probation Order	Young Offender Institution
Prob. Order & Requirements	Section 53 Detention
Prob. Order & Prob. Centre	Adult Imprisonment
P. O. & Resident. Req	Sex off.ext supervision
P. O. & APH Requirement	PLEASE INDICATE IF
Community Service Order	Current Custody
Curfew Order	Failed to attend/died etc.
DTTO	Sentence was deferred
Anti Social Behaviour Order
資料 7 Middlesex Probation Service の資料, Foreign Nationals Unit のミッションステートメント

## MIDDLESEX PROBATION SERVICE

## FOREIGN NATIONALS UNIT

1. To provide services to non-Uk residents appearing initially at Uxbridge Magistrates Court.

2. To prepare PSR's on all non-UK residents in the above category following establishment of guilt.

3. To prepare the defendant for sentence including appropriate liaison with custodial institutions.

4. To undertake developmental work concerning non-UK residents including promotional and teaching activities.

5. To maintain data on this offender group for research/information needs of Middlesex Probation Service and the Foreign Nationals Unit.

6. To provide advice to Probation Officers in Middlesex and from elsewhere who are working with foreign nationals.

7. To provide information and advice to MPS management concerning the strategic development of the work of the Unit and the work of MPS with foreign nationals.
資料 8 Middlesex Probation Service の資料, 難民及び保護申請者の在留資格を理解するためのフローチャート

NASS support: support package worth 70% of income support rates plus £10 cash per week, the real in vouchers. (Children's allowance in family: 100% of income support). If application takes longer than 6 months, also receive £50 one-off payment for themselves and each dependant. (Main applicant can also apply for permission to work). Accommodation (if applied for) is offered on a no choice basis - usually outside London and the south-east in regional cluster areas. Form to apply to NASS is available from them or Reception Assistants (RC).
資料 9 Middlesex Probation Service の資料, 犯罪で刑事司法システムに乗ることと退去強制との関係を理解するためのフローチャート
資料 10 Middlesex Probation Service の資料, 受刑者の移送に関する国際協定を連合王国と有している国の一覧

# ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE INTERNATIONAL TRANSFER OF PRISONERS

## COUNCIL OF EUROPE CONVENTION ON THE TRANSFER OF SENTENCED PERSONS RATIFIED COUNTRIES (WITH DATE ENTRY INTO THE CONVENTION CAME INTO FORCE)

Andorra	Austria (1987)	Belgium (1990)	Bulgaria (1994)

Croatia (1995)	Cyprus (1986)	Czech rep. (1993)	Denmark (1987)

Estonia (1997)	Finland (1987)	France (1985)	Georgia (1998)

Germany (1992)	Greece (1988)	Hungary (1993)	Iceland (1993)

Ireland (1995)	Italy (1989)	Latvia (1997)	Liechtenstein (1998)

Lithuania (1996) Luxembourg (1988) Malta (1991) Netherlands (1993)

Norway (1993)	Poland (1995)	Portugal (1993)	Romania (1996)

Slovakia (1993)	Slovenia (1994)	Spain (1985)	Sweden (1985)

Switzerland (1988)	FYR Macedonia (1999)	Turkey (1988)	Ukraine (1996)

United Kingdom (1985)

NON COUNCIL OF EUROPE MEMBER STATES (of the convention on the transfer of sentenced persons)

Bahamas (1992)	Canada (1985)	Chile (1998)	Costa Rica (1998)

Israel (1998)	Panama (1999)	Trinidad and Tobago (1994)

United States of America (1985)

COUNTRIES WHO ARE SIGNATORIES, OR ABOUT TO BE, TO THE CONVENTION (but whose entry into the convention is not vet in force.)

Albania Australia (cannot sign until all six Australian States agree.)

Moldova Russia San Marino Venezuela
(inc. some who are non Councils of Europe member states of the convention on the transfer of convicted prisoners)

Canada Grenada Malawi Nigeria Trinidad and Tobago

Zimbabwe

## BILATERAL AGREEMENTS FOR THE TRANSFER OF PRISONERS

Egypt Thailand Brazil (currently before parliament)

Special Administrative Region of Hong Kong

## RESIDENTS OF THE FOLLOWING BRITISH DEPENDENT TERRITORIES MAY ALSO APPLY FOR REPATRIATION:

Anguilla	British Indian Ocean Territory	British Virgin Islands
Cayman Islands	Falkland Islands	Gibraltar
Montserrat	Pitcairn Islands	Sovereign Base Area
St Helena & Dependencies

## REPATRIATION / TRANSFER OF PRISONERS

The process is initiated by the prisoner, usually by means of an application to the prison governor.

A dossier is compiled and sent to the repatriation section at prison headquarters. This section then begins negotiations.

Requirements at outset –

There must be a ratified treaty between the sending and receiving countries

Prisoner must be a national of the country to which s/he wishes to go.

No appeal against conviction or sentence may be in progress

☑ Prisoner must have at least 6 months to serve

For the transfer to happen –

The prisoner, the sending country and the receiving country must all agree.

Cont...