Silviase/jgov_v1.4_full_ann huggingface dataset:
## Chapter 2 Special Theme: “Towards the Realization of a Symbiotic Network Society”

● It has been 10 years since the “broadband-driven IT renaissance” was declared in the 2001 White Paper on Information and Communications in Japan. The ICT environment has undergone drastic change. The lifestyles of the people of Japan have been altered in all manner of ways by the realization of an always-connected environment through the Internet.

☐ Over the past decade, the ICT infrastructure has become progressively richer (through broadband utilization) and more personalized (through mobile internet utilization).

● Broadband rate: 2000: 6.9% → 2010: 77.9%

● Mobile Internet rate: 2002: 40.2% → 2010: 83.3%

● Mobile broadband rate: 2001: 0.1% → 2010: 98.8%

☐ An increasing number of people regard the Internet as a key part of their daily lives.

● Over five years, there has been a 28.8% increase in the percentage of people aged 20-29 who use the Internet to obtain information (2005: 52.3% → 2010: 81.1%).

□ Lifestyles are changing, and the Internet is becoming ever more integral to them.

People in their teens and 20s make frequent use of mobile phones for communication, through text messaging, etc. (average of approx. 50 min./day among people in their teens and 20s)

Many (64.9%) watch TV and text message or view websites on their mobile phones at the same time. "Multi-tasking" is the norm among teenagers and 20-somethings.

● As a popular hobby or leisure-time activity, the Internet (60.8%) has surpassed newspapers (55.9%) and is second only to television (90.9%).

95.8% of students at four-year universities access job-search websites.

● Teenagers have a strong desire for connectedness, expressing fondness for the sense of "constant connection with friends and acquaintances"

● A purchasing process unique to Internet shopping has developed, with nearly half of online shoppers finding goods through search engines.

● The advancement of ICT utilization continues to face persistent challenges, including "safety and security," "the digital divide," and "users in local areas," which will require ongoing countermeasures.

□ Many ICT users (46.0%) have anxieties about Internet use, such as protection of privacy, while safety and security continue to be key challenges.

☐ The Internet utilization rate stands at 78.2%. However, the digital divide persists, with lower rates among the elderly (70-79 age group: 39.2%) and low-income people (those earning under ¥2 million/year: 63.1%)

☐ The ICT utilization rate in local areas is stagnant at 27.4%, with a stark gap between local governments that have implemented ICT development projects and those that have not. → (Of those implementing projects, 75.8% say these projects are "effective." However, among those not yet implementing projects, 61.9% "could not say" whether such programs are effective or not.)
## Chapter 2 Special Theme: “Towards the Realization of a Symbiotic Network Society”

● Social media have great potential in the effort to realize a broadly inclusive society in which people support one another. However, there are negative aspects such as the threat of personal information leakage, and effective countermeasures are required.

● Nonetheless, hopes are high for the achievement of a Symbiotic Network Society in which the utilization of social media and other ICT realizes a lifestyle of fully integrated ICT bringing benefits to a broad segment of society.

☐ Utilization of social media is being led by the teens and 20s age segment.

☐ 59.2% of all users access multiple media, such as SNS and blogs, choosing the appropriate medium for their objectives.

● Both overall use and use of multiple media are high among the teen and 20-something age groups.

● SNS, blogs, or Twitter are selected depending on needs.

□ Teens and 20-somethings use media during slivers of free time, regardless of their location. Their use patterns are characterized by selection of mobile devices

Social media provide a vehicle for cooperation and collaboration, helping to strengthen ties and acting as an effective tool for resolving everyday anxieties and problems.

● 69.6% say social media have helped them strengthen ties with friends and acquaintances far away ●

Nearly an equal number, 64.3%, say they have developed ties with people they first met online

● Around half (50.3%) of users say social media have helped them develop new ties, or have contributed to solutions to personal, family or community problems.
# “2011 White Paper Information and Communications in Japan” Essential Data
### 1. Chapter 1 Information and Communications in the Aftermath of the Great East Japan Earthquake
## 1 -1 Information and Communications in the Aftermath of the Great East Japan Earthquake (1)

With regards to telecommunications, up to one million landlines went out of service in the NTT East region, while up to 29,000 cellular / PHS base stations (operated by 5 carriers) stopped transmitting/receiving (number of base stations in the Tohoku and Kanto regions is approximately 137,500)

With regards to congestion, restrictions up to 70% - 95% in scope were imposed on mobile telephone calls. Packets faced much milder congestion, with only a temporary 30% restriction imposed by NTT DoCoMo and none by other carriers.

Telecommunications damage resulting from the Great East Japan Earthquake

## Fixed-line telecommunications

## Damage

■A total of approx. 1.9 million lines were damaged.

■All carriers had restored service by April except for in certain areas.

(Max. number of damaged lines)

## Mobile telecommunications

## Damage

■Up to 29,000 base stations stopped transmitting/receiving

■All carriers had restored service by April (except in some NNT DoCoMo, KDDI and Softbank Mobile service areas)

(Max. number of out-of-service base stations)

## Telecommunications congestion resulting from the Great East Japan Earthquake

## Fixed-line telecommunications

## Congestion

☑ All carriers imposed up to 80%-90% restrictions on landlines.

(Max. transmission restrictions values)

## Mobile telecommunications

## Congestion

☑Restrictions up to 70% - 95% in scope were imposed on mobile telephone calls by all carriers (*).

☑ Packets faced much milder congestion, with no restrictions or relatively minor restrictions.

(Max. transmission restrictions values)
## 1 -2 Information and Communications in the Aftermath of the Great East Japan Earthquake

Provisional emergency broadcasters (FM radio stations) providing residents with disaster updates were established in 24 cities and towns in the Tohoku and northern Kanto regions.

Television was perceived as an important source of information on the disaster (in the Kanto region).

There was a dramatic rise in the dissemination of information using social media by local governments in the affected areas and mass media outlets.

## Establishment of community broadcasters and provisional emergency broadcasters in Iwate, Miyagi, Fukushima and Ibaraki prefectures

## (As of June 8, 2011)

-Number of pre-existing community broadcasters ___ 21

Number continuing to function as community broadcasters -- 11

Number converted to provisional emergency broadcasters after the disaster -- 10

-Number of provisional emergency broadcasters newly

established after the disaster ___ 16

Total ___ 37

## Change in number of local government Twitter followers in the affected areas

Comparison when “1” is the number of followers on March 1, 2011

## Media and information sources perceived as important providers of disaster information (Kanto) (multiple answers)

$ ^{*} $ Based on a survey of Internet users aged 20-59 residing in the Kanto region, conducted on March 19-20, 2011 by the Nomura Research Institute

$ ^{*} $ The "Internet" category includes accessing of the Internet by mobile phone

"Internet social media" includes Twitter, mixi, Facebook, etc.

"Internet portal sites" includes Yahoo!, Google, etc., but does not include the websites of newspapers, broadcasters, etc.

## Change in number of mass media Twitter followers in the affected areas

Kahoku Shimpo Iwate Broadcasting Co. Channel rfc (Radio Fukushima) Ibaraki Shimbun
2. Chapter 2 Points Regarding Special Theme (Featured Topic)
## 2 -1 Thematic makeup of Special Theme

## “Towards the Realization of a Symbiotic Network Society” Looking back on the past 10 years, how has ICT changed people’s lifestyles in Japan, and how is it expected to do so in the future?

Section 1 How has ICT Changed Japanese People’s Lifestyles?

● Survey and analysis of how ICT penetration has affected lifestyles in Japan over the past decade

## ● Evolution of the ICT infrastructure

Chronological overview of the progress of the ICT infrastructure over the past 10 years (advent of DSL, advent of 3G, appearance of i-mode, start of digital satellite broadcasts, etc.)

## ● Changes in lifestyles triggered by ICT

Examination of how lifestyles in Japan have changed due to the penetration of ICT, including the status of utilization of ICT services

## ● Social issues surrounding the use of ICT

Examination of how social issues surrounding the use of ICT are evolving in the face of changes to the ICT environment

## How Will ICT Change Their Lives in the Future?

Section 2 Response to Emerging Challenges

● Survey and analysis of the challenges that must be met in order to achieve an abundant ICT society that reflects user viewpoints as ICT utilization continues to grow

## ● Allaying concerns over safety and security

Expectations and issues that must be addressed in pursuit of a safe and secure ICT-based society

## ● Bridging the digital divide

Realizing a society in which all citizens have access to the benefits of ICT requires bridging of the digital divide. Means of bridging gaps and pinpointing disadvantaged populations are examined from the viewpoints of income, age and internationalization

## ● Promoting ICT utilization in local areas

Analysis of the status of informatization of local areas, and examination of proactive informatization led autonomously by local areas, giving past examples

Section 3 The Potential of a Symbiotic Network Society

●Outlines a model for the type of society that could be achieved if ICT utilization expands and penetrates society further

## ●The potential of social media

Examination of how social media, along with other forms of ICT, can encourage interpersonal interaction and contribute to the resolution of personal anxieties and community issues

## ●High hopes for a “Symbiotic network society”

Presentation of the concept of a future “Symbiotic network society” (in which “people support one another” “people lead the way” “a wide swath of society is included” “ICT serves as a vehicle for cooperation, collaboration, resolution of challenges and creation of value” and “an advanced, ubiquitous network society is achieved”) as use of social media grows., and analysis of its potential and challenges
## 2 -2 Section 1 How has ICT Changed Japanese People’s Lifestyles?

## Analysis of how ICT penetration has affected lifestyles in Japan over the past decade

(1) Rapidly advancing infrastructure development and a lagging service penetration / utilization rate (P12)

In Japan, while essential broadband infrastructure has made progress, service penetration and utilization rates lag behind.

However, examining the specifics of infrastructure (penetration), we find that mobile broadband penetration ( $ #3 $ ranking) and fixed broadband fees ( $ #9 $ ) are relatively high on a global scale.

In terms of utilization, individuals (ranked #12) and corporations (#7) have high rates compared to government (#23), which lags behind.

(2) ICT infrastructure environment has become richer and more personalized over the last 10 years (P13)

● Adoption of broadband has progressed rapidly thanks to the spread of DSL and cable Internet. Service has become faster, higher capacity and progressively richer in content as users convert to FTTH.

The percentage of people who access the Internet using mobile devices has risen to 83.8% (compared to 40.2% in 2002), and the Internet environment is becoming progressively more personalized.

Meanwhile, content is progressively richer, with nearly all users switching to 3G (third-generation) mobile phones (98.8% of all subscriptions).

● Broadcasting is shifting to digital, with analog TV broadcasts being replaced by digital terrestrial broadcasts. With a greater number of channels through satellite or cable, viewers can select from an ever wider range of content.

(3) Increase in number of people perceiving the Internet as important in a wide variety of situations (P14)

An increasing number of people perceive the Internet as a vital means of obtaining information. In the 20-29 age group in particular, the percentage has risen 28.8% in five years (52.3% in 2005 → 81.1% in 2010).

95.8% of students at four-year universities access job-search websites, indicating that the Internet is an indispensable tool for job hunting.

As a popular hobby or leisure-time activity, the Internet (60.8%) has surpassed newspapers (55.9%) and is second only to television (90.9%).

(4) Lifestyle changes as a result of the evolving ICT infrastructure environment (P15)

People aged 10-29 make frequent use of mobile phones for communication, through e-mail, etc. (average of approx. 50 min./day among people aged 10-29). Teenagers have a strong desire for connectedness, expressing fondness for the sense of “constant connection with friends and acquaintances”

A purchasing process unique to Internet shopping has developed, which often follows a pattern of Search → Comparison of multiple sites → Examination based on user feedback, etc. → Purchase

● Many (64.9%) watch TV and text message or view websites on their mobile phones at the same time. "Multi-tasking" is the norm among those aged 10-29.
### 3. Section 1 How has ICT Changed Japanese People's Lifestyles?
## 3 -1 Rapidly advancing infrastructure development and lagging service penetration/utilization rate

In Japan, while essential broadband infrastructure has made progress, service penetration and utilization rates lag behind.

However, examining the specifics of infrastructure (penetration), we find that the ranking of mobile broadband penetration (#3 ranking) and fixed broadband fees (#9) are relatively high on a global scale.

In terms of utilization, individuals (ranked #12) and corporations (#7) have high rates compared to government (#23), which lags behind.

## Overall ICT Progress 3rd

## 1^{st}: Korea 2^{nd}: Sweden 3^{rd}: Japan

4 $ ^{th} $ : Norway

5 $ ^{th} $ : Denmark

6 $ ^{th} $ : Finland

7 $ ^{th} $ : USA

8 $ ^{th} $ : Netherlands

9 $ ^{th} $ : Switzerland

10 $ ^{th} $ : Australia

11 $ ^{th} $ : Austria

12^{th}: UK

13^{th}: Canada

14^{th}: Singapore

15^{th}: New Zealand

16^{th}: UAE

17^{th}: Germany

18 $ ^{th} $ : Portugal

19 $ ^{th} $ : France

20 $ ^{th} $ : Estonia

21 $ ^{st} $ :Belguim

22 $ ^{nd} $ : Spain

23^{rd}: Italy

24 $ ^{th} $ : Malaysia

25 $ ^{th} $ : Russia

26 $ ^{th} $ : Chili

27^{th}:Brazil

28 $ ^{th} $ : China

29 $ ^{st} $ :South Africa

30^{nd}: India

Utilization

1. Individual usage: $ 12^{th} $

18 $ ^{th} $

(1) Individual Internet usage: 12^{th}

2. Corporate usage: 7^{th}

2) Corporate Internet usage: 7th

### 3. Government usage: 23^{th}

(4) Contribution to internal government efficiency: $ 26^{rd} $

Infrastructure (penetration) 12 $ ^{th} $

(3) Extent of services geared towards the public: 11^{th}

### 4. Fixed network penetration: $ 12^{th} $

(5) Internet household penetration: 11 $ ^{th} $

(7) Fixed broadband cost: 9^{th}

(6) Fixed broadband penetration: $ 14^{th} $

## I nfrastructure

## (development)

(9) Mobile broadband penetration: $ 3^{rd} $

1 $ ^{st} $

(10) Mobile phone cost: 27^{th}

### 6. Innovativeness: 1 $ ^{st} $

(8) Mobile phone penetration: 25 $ ^{st} $

### 5. Mobile environment penetration: $ 16^{th} $

(11) Fixed broadband max speed: 1 $ ^{st} $

(12) Ratio of $ 3^{rd} $ gen mobile phones: $ 1^{st} $

### 7. Stability: 3^{th}

(13) Fixed broadband quality: $ 2^{nd} $

(14) Number of reliable servers: $ 15^{th} $

### 8. Permissiveness: $ 1^{st} $

(15) No. of Internet hosts: 11 $ ^{th} $

(16) Optical fiber ratio: 1^{st}
● Adoption of broadband has progressed rapidly thanks to the spread of DSL and cable Internet. Service has become faster, higher capacity and progressively richer in content as users convert to FTTH.

The percentage of people who access the Internet using mobile devices has risen to 83.8% (compared to 40.2% in 2002), and the Internet environment is becoming progressively more personalized.

Meanwhile, content is progressively richer, with nearly all users switching to 3G (third-generation) mobile phones (98.8% of all subscriptions).

● Broadcasting is shifting to digital, with analog TV broadcasts being replaced by digital terrestrial broadcasts. With a greater number of channels through satellite or cable, viewers can select from an ever wider range of content.

Change in number of broadband subscriptions

Change in percentage of people accessing the Internet using mobile devices

Change in number of subscriptions to 2nd- and 3rd-generation mobile communications systems

Change in number of digital terrestrial broadcast-compatible receivers shipped

Change in number of satellite broadcast and cable TV subscriptions
## 3 -3 Increase in number of people perceiving the Internet as important in a wide variety of situations

An increasing number of people perceive the Internet as a vital means of obtaining information. In the 20-29 age group in particular, the percentage has risen 28.8% in five years (52.3% in 2005 → 81.1% in 2010).

● 95.8% of students at four-year universities access job-search websites, indicating that the Internet is an indispensable tool for job hunting.

As a popular hobby or leisure-time activity, the Internet (60.8%) has surpassed newspapers (55.9%) and is second only to television (90.9%).

Perception of importance of TV and Internet by age group

## Evolution of information sources used for job hunting and career advancement
## 3 -4 Lifestyle changes as a result of the evolving ICT infrastructure environment

People aged 10-29 make frequent use of mobile phones for communication, through e-mail, etc. (average of approx. 50 min./day among people aged 10-29). Teenagers have a strong desire for connectedness, expressing fondness for the sense of “constant connection with friends and acquaintances”

A purchasing process unique to Internet shopping has developed, which often follows a pattern of Search → Comparison of multiple sites → Examination based on user feedback, etc. → Purchase

Many (64.9%) watch TV and text message or view websites on their mobile phones at the same time. "Multi-tasking" is the norm among those aged 10-29.

Change in length of time spent reading or writing mobile phone text messages

## Desire for interpersonal interaction by age group

A different purchasing process used for Internet shopping

## I nternet shopping behavior patterns

## Percentage of people who multi-task while watching TV
### 4. Section 2 Response to Emerging Challenges
## Levels of understanding of security issues and levels of anxiety by degree of ability to utilize information (among Net users overall)

## 4 -1 Allaying ICT-related anxiety entails boosting not only ability to utilize information, but also understanding of security issues

Many ICT users (46.0%) have anxieties about Internet use, while safety and security continue to be key challenges.

Allaying ICT-related anxiety entails boosting not only ability to utilize information, but also understanding of security. In particular, those in their 60s and 70s have relatively low ability to utilize information and understanding of security, and correspondingly high levels of anxiety.

Degree of Anxiety occasioned by Internet use

Analysis of anxiety levels and understanding of security issues by user segment (by age)

● Aged 29 and below (N=322) ○ Aged 30-39 (N=285) ○ Aged 40-49 (N=271) ☒ Aged 50-59 (N=253) ☒ Aged 60-69 (N=292) ☒ Aged 70 and up (N=325)
## 4 -2 Parents play a major role in the advancement of children’s ICT competency

As children grow older, their ability to utilize information grows, and at the same time they grow increasingly concerned over protection of privacy, viruses and other online threats. However, their anxiety levels are low compared to those of their parents.

Parents have a strong influence on their children's ICT use, with a tendency for parents with strong ability to utilize information to have children with strong ability as well.

However, there are discrepancies between parents' and children's perceptions of the ICT environment, including household rules governing Internet use, etc. Among parents who responded that their household had rules in place, 27.2% of the children of these parents responded that there were "no rules."

Children’s ability to utilize information

Anxieties surrounding children's ICT environment

Children’s and parents’ ability to use information effectively

Household rules about the Internet

Parents' perception of “communication with children and establishment of rules”

(Perception gap between generations)
## 4 -3 Precisely targeted measures tailored to the needs of specific segments of society are needed to overcome the digital divide in Japan

The Internet utilization rate in Japan stands at 78.2%, with the elderly and low-income people being the most prominent digital "have-nots". As the Internet becomes ever more indispensable for people's lifestyles, there is a need to consider ways to include all members of society.

The Internet supplements social relations to a recognizable degree, with around 70% of participants in online communities responding that the Internet had revived ties with others.

Affordability and user-friendly devices (for the elderly) are at the top of the wish list among digital have-nots.

Internet utilization rates

Changes and predictions for household composition

*Single-parent households (out of all households with children) = Single-parent households / (Households consisting of married couple and children + Single-parent households)

Revitalization of ties achieved through the Internet

Challenges regarding Internet utilization
## 4 -4 ICT infrastructure penetration is centered on the mobile sector in developing countries

Around 60% of Internet users live in high-income countries (comprising 16% of the total population), and there is a persistent digital divide.

In contrast to developed countries, ICT infrastructure development is centered on mobile devices in developing nations. However, fees for broadband and other ICT infrastructure are high, standing in the way of increased penetration and utilization.

There are countries outside the developed world where SNS utilization is on the rise. A picture is emerging of progress in ICT utilization centered around mobile devices and SNS.

Comparison of Internet-using population makeup by income level

Correlation between landline and mobile phone penetration rates (changes since 1985)

Correlation between fee levels and broadband penetration rates (2009)

Internet utilization rates and social network utilization levels
## 4 -5 Promotion of local ICT utilization faces challenges in terms of fees, human resources, expertise and infrastructure

The majority of local governments provide information through websites or other basic ICT, but resident services employing ICT are offered only in a stagnant 27.4% of the total. Cost, human resources, expertise and infrastructure all present challenges.

There are major gaps in perception of ICT between those entities utilizing ICT and those not doing so. (Of those implementing ICT projects, 75.8% say these projects are "effective." However, among those not yet implementing projects, 61.9% "could not say" whether such programs are effective or not.) To promote utilization, it is essential both to find solutions to challenges and to provide clear illustrations of benefits.

Status of implementation of basic ICT services

Status of implementation of programs utilizing ICT

Challenges facing local ICT utilization

Approach to overcoming challenges facing local ICT utilization