Silviase/jgov_v1.4_full_ann huggingface dataset:
until the end of 2009, the Philippines, which ranked in the top 3 until the end of 2007 and reached the top 2 at the end of 2008 surpassing China, continued to increase steadily.

It is considered that one of the reasons for a significant decrease in the number of registered foreign nationals with the status of residence of “Spouse or Child of Japanese National” and “Long-term Resident” is that foreign nationals of Japanese ancestry returned to their home countries since the second half of 2008 because they lost their job due to economic downturn. $ ^{*} $

*(Note) The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare has conducted the support program for those wishing to return home countries (April 2009 to March 2010), aiming to provide a certain amount of grant to foreign nationals of Japanese descent who give up seeking re-employment under the severe employment situation and decide to return to their home counties. About 22,000 people returned to their countries using the said program.

## 2 Residence Examinations

If any foreign national in Japan desires to stay longer than the period of stay originally permitted to him/her, or desires to change his/her status of residence in order to pursue a new purpose differing from the purpose for which the original status of residence was granted, the foreign national must file an application in accordance with the Immigration Control Act and obtain required permission from the Minister of Justice or the Director-General of the Regional Immigration Bureau. There is such permission for extension of period of stay, change of status of residence, acquisition of status of residence, re-entry, permanent residence, permission to engage in an activity other than those permitted by the

status of residence, and so forth. The decision as to whether or not to grant permission is made through the status of residence examination.

The total number of cases of status of residence examinations and so forth in which permission was granted increased by 41,406 (3.0%) from 2008 to 1,403,250 in 2009. Looking at the change from the end of 2005 until the end of 2009, the number was on an increasing trend as a whole. (Table 9)

Residence examination
Table 9: Changes in the number of cases of permission in status of residence examinations

(Cases)

Year	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009
Division	Total	1,197,627	1,327,185	1,351,961	1,361,844
Permission to engage in an activity other than those permitted by the status of residence previously granted	100,176	107,158	119,145	133,513	147,528
Permission for change of status of residence	115,287	123,381	138,427	149,214	149,046
Permission for extension of period of stay	418,696	466,304	436,630	434,307	444,330
Permission for permanent residence	39,256	51,538	60,509	57,806	53,960
Permission for special permanent residence	116	112	131	114	139
Permission for acquisition of status of residence	7,215	8,013	8,680	8,957	8,303
Re-entry permission	516,881	570,679	588,439	577,933	599,944

(*1) "Permission for permanent residence" is the permission provided for in Article 22 of the Immigration Control Act.

(*2) "Permission for acquisition of status of residence" includes permission for permanent residence described in Article 22–2 in the Immigration Control Act.

(*3) "Permission for Special Permanent Residence" is the number of permissions of special permanent residence provided for in Article 5 of the Special Law on Immigration Control of Inter Alios, Those Who Have Lost Japanese Nationality on the Basis of the Treaty of Peace with Japan.

## (1) Permission for Extension of Period of Stay

## (Article 21 of the Immigration Control Act)

Any foreign national in Japan who desires to stay longer than the period of stay originally permitted without changing his/her status of residence must obtain permission for an extension of the period of stay.

The number of foreign nationals who obtained such permission in 2009 was 444,330, an increase by 10,023 (2.3%) as compared with 2007. (Table 9)

## (2) Permission for Change of Status of Residence

## (Article 20 of the Immigration Control Act)

Any foreign national in Japan who desires to change the status of residence originally permitted to him/her must obtain permission for a change of status of residence for the new purpose.

In 2008, the number of foreign nationals who obtained such permission was 149,046, a decrease by 168 (0.1%) as compared with 2008. (Table 9)

Among these, the major cases of applying for permission for change of the status of residence were as follows:

### A. Change of Status of Residence from “College Student” or “Pre-college Student” for Employment Purposes

The foreign nationals studying at Japanese universities or vocational schools have the status of residence of either “College Student” or “Pre-college Student.” Many of them wish to stay in Japan to work for a Japanese company or some another organization in Japan after graduating from these schools.

The number of foreign nationals who obtained permission for a change of status of residence for employment was 9,584 in 2009, a decrease by 1,456 (13.2%) from a year earlier. Although it had consistently demonstrated an upward trend since 2003, it took a downward turn due to global economic downturn.
According to statistics by nationality (place of origin), the number of foreign nationals who obtained such permission from China was 6,333, accounting for 66.1% of the total, followed by R.O. Korea (1,368, accounting for 14.3%) and China (Taiwan) (285, accounting for 3.0%). (Table 10)

Table 10: Changes in the number of cases of permission for change of status of residence for employment from college student or pre-college student by nationality (place of origin)

YearNationality(Place of Origin)	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009
Total	5,878	8,272	10,262	11,040	9,584
China	4,186	6,000	7,539	7,651	6,333
R.O. Korea	747	944	1,109	1,360	1,368
China (Taiwan)	168	200	282	303	285
Bangladesh	57	119	138	164	125
Viet Nam	64	92	131	189	161
Malaysia	69	118	120	134	105
Thailand	60	67	87	97	101
Sri Lanka	34	55	81	160	141
Indonesia	52	53	73	74	97
Nepal	24	45	63	161	173
Others	417	579	639	747	695

$ ^{*} $ "China" does not include Taiwan, Hong Kong or others.

According to statistics by status of residence, foreign nationals who obtained permission to change their statuses to “Specialist in Humanities/International Services” represented the largest proportion, totaling 6,677 and accounting for 69.7%, a decrease by 1,186 (15.1%) from 2008. In addition, 2,154 foreign nationals (22.5%) obtained permission to change their status to “Engineer” in 2009, and these two statuses of residence account for 92.1% of the total. (Table 11)

Table 11: Changes in the number of cases of permission for change of status of residence for employment from college student or pre-college student by status of residence permitted

Year Status of Residence	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009
Total	5,878	8,272	10,262	11,040	9,584
Specialist in Humanities/International Services	4,159	5,938	7,304	7,863	6,677
Engineer	1,200	1,720	2,314	2,414	2,154
Professor	335	401	416	430	444
Researcher	92	104	87	111	97
Investor/Business Manager	28	36	61	128	128
Instructor	18	20	23	29	31
Religious Activities	12	13	15	19	3
Medical Services	10	14	13	16	24
Skilled Labor	8	5	6	3	4
Artist	4	6	6	2	8
Entertainer	1	3	3	5	2
Others	11	12	14	20	12

### B. Permission to Change Status of Residence in Order to Participate in a Technical Internship Program

The Technical Internship Program was a system established in 1993 to enable foreign nationals who have acquired certain levels of skills through training to further improve their skills through on-the-job training while in employment, thereby contributing to effective technology transfer and human resources development as part of international contributions. It is necessary for any foreign national who wishes
to take part in the program to obtain permission for change of status of residence from “Trainee” to “Designated Activities”.

This program covers skills that are publicly evaluated in Japan and also in demand in the home countries of the trainees. These skills were categorized into 66 types of work in total as of April 1, 2010. 54 types, including form panel setting and machining, are evaluated based on the National Skills Test under the Occupation Skills Development Promotion Law for Basic Grade 1 and Basic Grade 2. The remaining 12 types, including welding and operation of spinning machines, are publicly evaluated, although not by national examinations, according to a system established by the Japan International Training Cooperation Organization.

Shortly after the Technical Internship Program was established, few foreign trainees applied for the program. Since then, we have increased the number of types of work covered by the program. Due to this, the number of applicants have shown a steady yearly increase, though the number in 2009 decreased by 313 (0.1%) from a year earlier. However, in total, more than 380,000 trainees took part in the program after finishing their training from establishment of the Technical Internship Program in 1993 up to the end of 2009, which indicates that this program is showing steady improvement.

According to statistics by nationality (place of origin), the largest number of trainees who obtained permission for change of status of residence to take part in the Technical Internship Program in 2009 was from China (49,032), followed by Viet Nam (4,972), Indonesia (3,467), the Philippines (3,127), and Thailand (1,082). The most popular types of work were women/children's apparel production, welding and plastic molding in descending order. (Tables 12 and 13)

On July 1, 2010, new training and technical internship programs (See Chapter 5 “Measures on the Training and Technical Internship Programs” in Part 2.) started to be operated.
Table 12: Changes in the number of trainees who switch to the Technical Internship Program by nationality

(People)

YearNationality	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009
Total	32,394	41,000	53,999	62,520	62,207
China	26,606	34,817	42,871	49,566	49,032
Viet Nam	1,791	2,221	4,155	4,885	4,972
Indonesia	2,340	1,924	3,274	3,393	3,467
Philippines	1,219	1,482	2,407	3,000	3,127
Thailand	277	342	783	1,079	1,082
Others	161	214	509	597	527

$ ^{*} $ "China" does not include Taiwan, Hong Kong or others.

Table 13: Changes in the number of trainees who switch to the Technical Internship Program by job type

(People)

Year	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009
Job Type
Total	32,394	41,000	53,999	62,520	62,207
Women/Children's apparel production	9,751	10,750	11,697	12,707	11,428
Mold construction	420	526	800	1,012	877
Men's apparel production	679	741	658	637	631
Welding	1,960	2,817	3,882	5,457	5,569
Steel reinforcement construction	376	409	610	889	987
Machining	1,276	1,918	2,960	3,539	3,203
Metal press work	1,194	1,768	2,505	3,150	2,769
Plumbing	53	88	119	163	215
Painting	713	1,070	1,255	1,644	1,766
Furniture production	239	260	392	364	435
Casting	695	811	1,167	1,062	977
Steeplejack	361	610	702	1,125	993
Plastic molding	2,072	2,686	4,769	4,270	4,454
Carpenter	179	350	441	356	402
Construction machinery production	46	77	147	172	179
Others	12,380	16,119	21,895	25,973	27,322

## (3) Permission for Acquisition of Status of Residence

## (Article 22-2 of the Immigration Control Act)

If a foreign national who was born in Japan, an individual who became a foreign national after renouncing Japanese nationality, or a United States of America military personnel member stipulated in Article 1 of the Status of Forces Agreement Japan-US who lost the status wishes to continue living in Japan, he/she must acquire a status of residence.

The number of such foreign nationals who obtained permission for acquisition of status of residence was 8,303 in 2009, a decrease by 654 (7.3%) from 2008. (Table 9)

## (4) Re-entry Permission (Article 26 of the Immigration Control Act)

If a foreign national who resides in Japan wishes to temporarily depart and re-enter Japan, he/she may re-enter and land in Japan using his/her current status of residence and period of stay without re-applying for a visa by receiving re-entry permission in advance.

In 2009, the number of such foreign nationals who obtained re-entry permission was 599,944, an increase by 22,011 (3.8%) from 2008. (Table 9)
Table 14: Changes in permanent residence permits by nationality (place of origin)

(Cases)

YearNationality(Place of Origin)	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009
Total	39,256	51,538	60,509	57,806	53,818
China	11,404	13,744	15,875	16,140	16,957
Brazil	10,026	16,055	19,793	16,824	11,430
Philippines	6,044	7,554	8,723	8,982	9,248
Korea	2,939	3,368	3,788	3,914	4,060
Peru	2,449	2,878	3,241	2,783	2,389
Others	6,394	7,939	9,089	9,163	9,734

$ ^{*} $ "China" includes Taiwan, Hong Kong or others.

## Section 3 ♦ Japanese Nationals Leaving and Returning to Japan

## The Number of Japanese Nationals Leaving Japan

## (1) The Total Number of Japanese Nationals Leaving Japan

The total number of Japanese nationals leaving Japan in 2009 was 15,445,684, a decrease by 541,566 (3.4%) from 2008. (Chart 15)

## (2) The Number of Japanese Nationals Leaving Japan by Gender and Age

According to statistics by gender, the number of Japanese nationals leaving Japan in 2009 consists of 8,216,645 males and 7,229,039 females: males account for 53.2% of the total and females account for 46.8%. This percentage of male and female has not changed drastically from 2001, and the percentage accounted for by males exceeds that by females.

According to statistics by age, the number of Japanese nationals leaving Japan in 2009 consists of 3,112,800 persons in their 30s, which accounts for 20.2% of the total, followed by 3,032,647 in their 60s or older (19.6%),
2,779,686 in their 40s (18.0%), 2,637,154 in their 20s (17.1%), and 2,621,664 in their 50s (17.0%).

The percentage of males and females by age shows that the percentage of females younger than 20 and in their 20s exceeds that of males, and in particular, in respect of those in their 20s, females account for 64.4%, a particularly high percentage. Figures for those older than their 20s show that the percentage of males leaving Japan exceeds that of females. (Chart 16)

## (3) The Number of Japanese Nationals Leaving Japan by Airport and Seaport

According to statistics of Japanese nationals leaving Japan in 2009 by airport and seaport of departure, the number of persons using airports to leave Japan was 15,240,225 accounting for 98.7% of the total. As compared with foreign nationals entering Japan (persons using airports account for 94.3%), the percentage of airport users is much higher.

Among persons in 2009 using airports to leave Japan, the number of users of Narita Airport was 8,280,595, which accounts for 54.3% of the total number of persons using airports to leave Japan, and those using Kansai Airport was 3,184,158, which accounts for 20.9%. This means that 75.2% of the total number of persons leaving from airports uses these two airports. Other than Narita and Kansai airports, the order was Central Japan Airport, 1,575,891 (10.3%) and Haneda Airport, 780,022 (5.1%).

On the other hand, among persons using seaports to leave Japan in 2009, the number of persons using Hakata Port where scheduled passenger ships are operated to/from R.O. Korea was 158,845, which accounts for 77.3% of the total number of persons leaving from seaports, and the number using Shimonoseki Port was 16,284, which accounts for 7.9% of the total. This means that 85.2% of the total number of persons leaving from seaports used these two seaports. Other than these two seaports, the order was Osaka Port, 6,816 (3.3%) and Yokohama Port, 5,430 (2.6%).
## 2 The Number of Japanese Nationals Returning to Japan

The total number of returning Japanese nationals in 2009 was 15,432,549. By period of stay in foreign countries after departure, the number of persons returning within one month after departure was 14,152,407, which accounts for 91.7% of the total. Among those, the number returning within ten days was 12,955,679, which accounts for 84.0% of the total.

This is because most Japanese travelers going abroad depart for purposes requiring a relatively short period such as sightseeing and business return promptly. This trend has continued in recent years and no major change is observed. (Table 15)

Table 15: Changes in the number of Japanese nationals returning to Japan by period of stay

(People)

Year	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009
Period of Stay
Total	17,326,149	17,457,286	17,199,310	15,905,433	15,432,549
Within 5 days	10,073,918	10,223,891	10,125,098	9,344,449	9,341,903
More than 5 days to 10 days	4,503,407	4,480,153	4,370,202	3,935,729	3,613,776
More than 10 days to 20 days	1,101,697	1,098,627	1,066,490	1,007,021	897,894
More than 20 days to 1 month	381,627	379,317	356,190	342,367	298,834
More than 1 month to 3 months	553,187	563,278	566,805	560,726	529,070
More than 3 months to 6 months	305,489	311,045	316,000	319,749	324,165
More than 6 months to 1 year	264,511	267,240	268,808	270,411	290,320
More than 1 year to 3 years	119,516	114,578	113,569	111,398	124,015
More than 3 years	16,357	12,965	10,323	8,354	7,479
Unknown	6,440	6,192	5,825	5,229	5,093
# Deportation Procedures for Foreign Nationals

# Section 1 ♦ Overstayers

Based on the computer statistics of the Immigration Bureau, the estimated number of overstayers (those who illegally stay in Japan beyond the permitted period of stay without obtaining permission for extension or change of status of residence) was 91,778 as of January 1, 2010, falling below 100,000 for the first time in 21 years. This number has been steadily decreasing, down by 21,294 (18.8%) from 113,072 on January 1, 2009, in other words, down by 206,868 (69.3%) from a record high of 298,646 on May 1, 1993.

This decrease was attributable to the effects of comprehensive measures against illegal residents,

Investigation of violation

including implementation of strict immigration examinations, and efforts for close cooperation with other related agencies to detect violators of the Immigration Control Act and active publicity activities to prevent illegal employment.

In addition to the above-mentioned number of overstayers, it is estimated that about 13,000 to 22,000 foreign nationals may have entered Japan illegally. If combined, the number of illegal foreign residents would be about 110,000.

## The Number of Overstayers by Nationality (Place of Origin)

According to statistics by nationality (place of origin), the largest number of overstayers was from R.O. Korea (21,660 accounting for 23.6% of the total) as of January 1, 2010. This was followed by China (12,933 accounting for 14.1%), the Philippines (12,842 accounting for 14.0%), China (Taiwan) (4,899 accounting for 5.3%), Thailand (4,836 accounting for 5.3%), Malaysia (2,661 accounting for 2.9%), and Peru (2,402 accounting for 2.6%). (Chart 17, Table 16)
from 2003 to 2006, decreasing after 2007. The number of those from Indonesia had steadily increased since May 1, 1991, but has been on the decrease since 2005.

## 2 The Number of Overstayers by Status of Residence

Statistics for the estimated number of overstayers by status of residence immediately before their status of residence had expired showed the following: the largest number of overstayers had the status of residence of “Temporary Visitor” (63,169) accounting for 68.8% of the total. This was followed by “Entertainer” (4,120 accounting for 4.5%), “College Student” (3,610 accounting for 3.9%), “Pre-college Student” (2,232, accounting for 2.4%), and “Trainee” (1,621 accounting for 1.8%). Compared with the same period of the previous year, the number of those who were granted the “Temporary Visitor” or “Entertainer” status decreased by 13,482 (17.6%) and by 895 (17.8%), respectively. The number of overstayers with the status of residence of “Temporary Visitor” has been on the decline since May 1, 1993, and those with the status of residence of “Entertainer” since May 1, 1994. The number of foreign residents with the status of residence of “Entertainer” started to rise on January 1, 2002 and kept increasing, but has been decreasing since January 2005. On the other hand, the number of foreign residents with the status of residence of “College Student” continued to increase from January 1, 2001, but has been decreasing since January 2006. (Table 17)

Table 17: Changes in the estimated number of overstayers by major status of residence

(People)

Date Status of Residence	January 1 2005	January 1 2006	January 1 2007	January 1 2008	January 1 2009	January 1 2010
Total	207,299	193,745	170,839	149,785	113,072	91,778
Temporary Visitor	139,417	134,374	117,289	102,069	76,651	63,169
Entertainer	11,319	10,052	8,162	6,624	5,015	4,120
College Student	8,173	7,628	7,448	6,667	5,090	3,610
Pre-college Student	8,506	7,307	5,281	4,311	3,186	2,232
Trainee	3,648	3,393	3,333	3,136	2,561	1,621
Others	36,236	30,991	29,326	26,978	20,569	17,026

# Section 2 ◆ Cases of Violation of the Immigration Control Act for Which Deportation Procedures Were Carried Out The Number of Cases of Violation of the Immigration Control Act by Grounds for Deportation

In 2009, the number of foreign nationals for whom deportation procedures were carried out on account of violating the Immigration Control Act was 32,661, a decrease of 6,721 from 2008. Of these, 8,958 were handed over to immigration inspectors as those subject to the departure order system.

According to the statistics of the number of foreign nationals by grounds for deportation, the largest number of foreign nationals were deported for overstaying (25,503 accounting for 78.1%), followed by illegal entry (5,373 accounting for 16.5%), and then activities

Detection