Silviase/jgov_v1.4_full_ann huggingface dataset:
foreign nationals with the status of residence of “Pre-college Student” increased by 4,167 (17.3%) from a year earlier and reached 28,278 in 2009.

According to statistics by region in 2009, most of the newly entering foreign nationals with the status of residence of “College Student” or “Pre-college Student” came from Asia, accounting for 79.3% of the total number of foreign students with the status of residence of “College Student” and 94.2% with the status of residence of “Pre-college Student”.

According to statistics by nationality (place of origin), China occupied the largest number of newly entering foreign nationals with the status of residence of “College Student”, standing at 16,839 (44.5% of the total), followed by R.O. Korea (5,487, or 14.5%). The number of Chinese college students increased by 2,497 (17.4%) from the previous year, while that of South Korean college students decreased by 29 (0.5%).

As for the number of pre-college students, China accounted for the largest number of students with 18,053 (63.8% of total) followed by R.O. Korea with 4,516 (16.0%). The number of Chinese pre-college students increased by 5,487 (43.7%), while that of South Korean pre-college students decreased by 1,655 (26.8%). (Charts 8 and 9)

Chart 8: Changes in the number of new arrivals with the status of residence of “College Student” by major nationality (place of origin)
## (D) Foreign Nationals Entering Japan with the Status of Residence of Resident Activities Based on Civil Status or Position

(Data Section 2, Statistics (1) 12-1, 13-1)

When foreign nationals enter Japan for resident activities based on civil status or position, one of three types of statuses of residence namely “Spouse or Child of Japanese National”, “Spouse or Child of Permanent Resident”, or “Long-Term Resident” will be given.

No foreign nationals newly entering Japan can obtain the status of residence of “Permanent Resident” because that status is granted only to foreign nationals who have lived in Japan for a certain period of time.

The number of new arrivals with the status of residence of “Spouse or Child of Japanese National” reached 14,951 in 2009, while that of new arrivals with the status of residence of “Spouse or Child of Permanent Resident” reached 1,684. In 2009, the number for “Spouse or Child of Japanese National” decreased by 5,024 (25.2%) from a year earlier, while that for “Spouse or Child of Permanent Resident” decreased by 280 (14.3%) from a year earlier.

The number of new arrivals under “Long-Term Resident” significantly decreased by 10,177
(50.6%) from a year earlier to 9,946 in 2009, and in particular, the number of those came from Brazil remarkably decreased by 8,598 (89.2%). According to statistics by nationality (place of origin), China occupied the largest number of such new arrivals, standing at 3,520 (35.4%), followed by the Philippines standing at 2,854 (28.7%), and Brazil standing at 1,037 (10.4%). (Chart 10)

## (2) Special Cases of Landing (except for Landing Permission for Temporary Refuge)

The number of persons who received permission for special cases of landing in 2009 was 1,888,704, a decrease of 191,277 (9.2%) from 2008.

Among those, the number of cases of landing permission for crew members in 2009 reached 1,853,267, which accounts for 98.1% of the total number of permission for special cases of landing and occupies the largest percentage, followed by the number of cases of permission for landing at a port of call of 34,658 (1.8%). (Table 2)
Table 2: Changes in the number of cases of permission for special cases of landing

Year	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009
Division
Total	2,101,462	2,092,527	2,089,456	2,079,981	1,888,704
Permission for Landing at a Port of Call	74,714	51,338	41,680	31,908	34,658
Permission for Landing in Transit	270	277	371	451	394
Landing Permission for Crew Members	2,026,106	2,040,436	2,047,033	2,047,221	1,853,267
Permission for Emergency Landing	257	274	300	314	368
Landing Permission Due to Distress	115	202	72	87	17

(Cases)

The following are permission for special cases of landing by category.

### A. Permission for landing at a port of call

The number of foreign nationals who received permission for landing at a port of call in 2009 was 34,658, an increase of 2,750 (8.6%) from 2008.

### B. Permission for landing in transit

The number of foreign nationals who received permission for landing in transit in 2009 was 394, a decrease of 57 (12.6%) from 2008.

### C. Landing permission for crew members

The number of foreign nationals who received landing permission for crew members in 2009 was 1,853,267, a decrease of 193,954 (9.5%) from 2008. It is probably because air carriers reviewed the routes and the number of flights due to global economic downturn and then the number of aircrafts flying into Japan decreased.

### D. Permission for emergency landing

The number of foreign nationals who received permission for emergency landing in 2009 was 368, an increase of 54 (17.2%) from 2008.

### E. Landing permission due to distress

The number of foreign nationals who received landing permission due to distress in 2009 was 17, a decrease of 70 (80.5%) from 2008.

On-board search
## (3) Foreign Nationals Leaving Japan

The number of so-called “leaving Japan re-entry nonreserving” excluding those who depart with re-entry permission reached 6,046,150, a decrease of 1,546,111 (20.4%) from 2008 which stood at a record high.

Among them, the number of persons leaving from Japan with a period of stay shorter than 15 days was 5,423,103, which accounts for 89.7% of the total or almost all. Further, the number of persons leaving from Japan with a period of stay shorter than 3 months was 5,840,500, which accounts for 96.6% of the total. (Table 3)

Table 3: Changes in the number of foreign nationals leaving Japan re-entry nonreserving by period of stay

(People)

Year	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009
Period of Stay
Total	5,979,701	6,580,241	7,552,966	7,592,261	6,046,150
Within 15 days	5,290,493	5,939,544	6,922,329	6,958,485	5,423,103
More than 15 days to 1 month	219,443	228,664	240,710	252,854	237,515
More than 1 month to 3 months	240,062	235,324	223,473	207,055	179,882
More than 3 months to 6 months	60,296	45,536	36,924	34,243	30,638
More than 6 months to 1 year	104,875	60,486	49,978	49,009	48,709
More than 1 year to 3 years	46,470	50,814	59,554	68,933	85,253
More than 3 years	17,801	17,519	17,630	18,618	35,945
Unknown	261	2,354	2,368	3,064	5,105

## 2 Judgment for Landing

## (1) Receipt and Findings of Hearings for Landing and Filing of Objections

The procedure for the landing examination consists of three steps: landing examination by an immigration inspector, hearing for landing by a special inquiry officer, and decision by the Minister of Justice. The second and third step, namely the hearing for landing and the decision of the Minister of Justice, are jointly called the “judgment for landing”. Any foreign national who is found not to meet the conditions for landing in Japan in the landing examination conducted by an immigration inspector will be handed over to a special inquiry officer, who will conduct a hearing for landing (Article 7, Paragraph (4) and Article 9, Paragraph (5) of the Immigration Control Act) (Note 1).

The number of new cases for the hearing for landing (the number of cases which are assigned to a special inquiry officer on account of a foreign national not having been granted landing permission by an immigration inspector) in 2009 was 9,930, the smallest in

the past five years.

The most common cases were those in which foreign nationals were required to undergo an hearing for landing on suspicion of having submitted a false landing application, such as claiming to be a tourist or a similar status while their real purpose of entry was illegal work or other illegal activities (not meeting the conditions provided for in Article 7, Paragraph (1) (ii) of the Immigration Control Act). Such cases

Hearings for landing
numbered 7,470, a decrease of 2,252 (23.2%) from 2008 and accounted for 75.2% of the total of new cases in 2008.

This was followed by cases which were assigned on account of foreign nationals who were suspected of not having valid passports or visas, such as trying to enter Japan using a forged or altered passport (not meeting the conditions provided for in Article 7, Paragraph (1) (i) of the Act). Such cases numbered 1,300, a decrease of 65 (4.8%) from 2008 and accounted for 13.1% of the total number of new cases. Besides, cases which were assigned to special inquiry officers on suspicion of falling under one of the reasons for denial of landing (not meeting the conditions provided for in Article 7, Paragraph (1) (iv) of the Act) numbered 1,160, a decrease of 403 (25.8%) from 2008, accounting for 11.7% of the total of new cases in 2008.

Three persons were handed over to special inquiry officers for refusing to provide information for personal identification, which became obligatory for passengers to provide on and after November 20, 2007 (those who fall under Article 7, Paragraph (4) of the Act) in 2008, while no one was handed over in 2009.

Reasons for decrease in the number of new cases for the hearing for landing include a decrease of foreign nationals visiting Japan with illegal purposes because Japan’s strict landing examination at the front gate, such as the procedure utilizing information for personal identification, became widely known to foreign countries, a decline in travel abroad due to global economic downturn, and an outbreak of new influenza. (Table 4)

Table 4: Changes in the number of new cases for the hearing for landing by conditions for landing

(Cases)

Year Conditions for landing	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009
Total	16,665	18,258	18,473	12,660	9,930
Using fake passports or visas (Not conforming to Article 7-(1)-(i))	2,102	2,267	2,041	1,365	1,300
False landing application (Not conforming to Article 7-(1)-(ii))	13,242	14,313	13,798	9,722	7,470
Not meeting the period of stay (Not conforming to Article 7-(1)-(iii))	8	2	4	7	0
Falling under the reasons for denial of landing (Not conforming to Article 7-(1)-(iv))	1,313	1,676	2,628	1,563	1,160
Not providing personal identification information (Not conforming to Article 7-(4))	—	—	2	3	0

Looking at the processing of the hearing for landing in 2009 (Note 2), the number of cases where landing was permitted as it was known that conditions for landing were met as the result of the hearing for landing, decreased to 3,664 cases (16.8%) from 2008.

Also, cases in which foreign nationals were ordered to leave Japan because they were found not to meet the conditions for landing at the hearing for landing by a special inquiry officer and who later consented to the findings numbered 3,731, a decrease of 32.6% from 2008. Similarly, cases in which foreign nationals filed objections with the Minister of Justice because they were not satisfied with the finding by a special inquiry officer that they did not meet the conditions for landing numbered 2,014, a slight increase of 2.4% from 1,967 in 2008. (Table 5)
Table 5: Changes in the processing of the hearing for landing

(Cases)

Year	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009
Division
Total	16,660	18,240	18,496	12,661	9,938
Landing permission	5,843	6,155	6,003	4,405	3,664
Expulsion order	8,126	9,126	8,326	5,537	3,731
Filing of objection	1,400	1,706	3,097	1,967	2,014
Withdrawal landing application	296	308	307	368	249
Others	995	945	763	384	280

$ ^{*} $ "Others" includes cases where the jurisdiction has changed or the application has been withdrawn owing to the departure,

escape or death of the applicant during the hearing for landing by the special inquiry officer.

(Note 1) “Landing examination” by the immigration inspector and “landing judgment” after the hearing are jointly called the landing examination procedure in the wide sense of the term.

Further, the procedure of decision by the Minister of Justice is not applicable to those who fail to provide information for personal identification.

(Note 2) In some cases, the total number of new cases for the hearing for landing by conditions for landing (Table 4), is not the same as that of the changes in the processing of the hearing for landing (Table 5). This is because a case may be assigned by the immigration inspector to the special inquiry officer at the end of the year, or the hearing may be prolonged, and it may be the next year after the case is assigned by the immigration inspector to the special inquiry officer when the hearing for landing is processed.

## (2) Foreign Nationals Who Fall under Any of the Reasons for Denial of Landing

In principle, foreign nationals denied permission for landing are those who (1) are ordered to leave Japan after a hearing for landing or (2) are ordered to leave Japan after the results of filing an objection with the Minister of Justice.

The number of foreign nationals denied permission for landing in 2009 was 4,780, a 33.5% decrease from 7,188 in 2008.

According to statistics by nationality (place of origin), the largest number of foreign nationals denied permission for landing came consistently from R.O. Korea standing at 1,951, (40.8% of the total), followed by China (Taiwan) standing at 484 (10.1%) and China standing at 435 (9.1%). The top three countries accounted for about 60% of the total. (Chart 11)
Chart 11: Changes in the number of foreign nationals who were denied landing by major nationality (place of origin)

## (3) Special Permission for Landing

The Minister of Justice may, even if he/she finds that the objection filed is without reason, grant special permission for landing if the applicant (1) has received re-entry permission, or (2) has entered Japan under the control of another person due to human trafficking, or (3) if the Minister of Justice finds special circumstances which warrant granting special permission for landing. (Article 12, Paragraph (1) of the Immigration Control Act)

Cases in which the Minister of Justice granted special landing permission to foreign nationals denied permission as a result of filing an objection in 2009 numbered 1,629. This was a 14.6% increase from 1,421 in 2008. (Table 6)

Table 6: Changes in the number of filings of objections and decisions by the Minister of Justice

Year	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009
Division
Filing of Objection (*)	1,400	1,707	3,103	1,973	2,022
Decisions	With reason	6	23	16	10	5
Without reason (Order to leave Japan)	209	288	513	492	361
Special Permission for Landing	1,157	1,379	2,492	1,421	1,629
Withdrawal	27	11	76	42	20
Outstanding	1	6	6	8	7

$ ^{*} $ “Filing of objections” includes the number of outstanding cases of the previous year.
## 3 Pre-entry Examination

## (1) Advance Consultation for Issuance of Visas

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs, which is in charge of visa administration, coordinates with the Ministry of Justice, which is in charge of immigration administration, with regard to the entry of foreign nationals. The Minister of Foreign Affairs consults with the Minister of Justice as the need arises, on whether a visa should be issued to a certain foreign national. This is called advance consultation for issuance of visas.

The number of cases of advance consultation for visa issuance was 6,505 in 2009, showing a decrease of 156 from 6,661 in 2008 (2.3%).

## (2) Certificate of Eligibility

The system of the certificate of eligibility was introduced by the amended Immigration Control Act which entered into force in 1990, with the aim of allowing foreign nationals who intend to work, study or live with someone over the medium to long term or their agents (e.g. accepting organizations) to undergo examination in advance on some of landing requirements, including eligibility for status of residence and to receive a certificate from a regional immigration bureau if they qualify. This system enables any foreign national who presents or submits a certificate of eligibility to obtain a visa and permission for landing quickly.

In 2009, the number of cases of applications for a certificate of eligibility was 273,989, a decrease of 55,043 (16.7%) from 2008.

Further, the advance consultation for issuance of visas and the examination of certificate of eligibility are jointly called pre-entry examination. In recent years, the number of processed cases of application for issuing a certificate of eligibility has steadily occupied the total number of processed cases of pre-entry examination. (Table 7)

Table 7: Changes in the number of cases of pre-entry examination

(Cases)

Year	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009
Division
Advance consultation for issuance of a visa	3,690	4,716	6,721	6,661	6,505
Application for Certificate of Eligibility	368,578	359,910	353,270	329,032	273,989
Chart 12: Changes in the number of registered foreign nationals and its percentage of the total population in Japan

$ ^{*} $ 1 "Number of registered foreign nationals" as of December 31 each year.

*2 The "percentage of the total population of Japan" is calculated based on the population as of October 1 every year taken from the "Population Estimates" and the "Population Census" of the Statistics Bureau, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications.

## (2) The Number of Registered Foreign Nationals by Nationality (Place of Origin)

According to the statistics of the number of registered foreign nationals by nationality (place of origin) as of the end of 2009, China marked the largest number at 680,518, accounting for 31.1% of the total. This was followed by North and South Korea (578,495 accounting for 26.5%), Brazil (267,456 accounting for 12.2%), the Philippines (211,716 accounting for 9.7%), and Peru (57,464 accounting for 2.6%).

Looking at yearly changes, we find that the number of registered foreign nationals from North and South Koreas has been gradually decreasing, while the number of those from China and the Philippines has been continuously increasing. In particular, the number of registered foreign nationals from China continued to increase, after exceeding North and South Koreas in 2007. On the other hand, the number of registered foreign nationals from North and South Koreas decreased by 10,744(1.8%) as of the end of 2009 compared to the end of 2008. The number of registered foreign nationals from Brazil, which has been decreasing, after peaking in the end of 2007, decreased by 49,511 (15.6%) from 2008. While the number of registered foreign nationals from the Philippines showed a decrease at the end of 2005, by the end of 2009 it had increased by 1,099 (0.5%) compared with the end of 2008. (Chart 13)
### (3) The Number of Registered Foreign Nationals by Purpose (Status of Residence) A. “Permanent Resident” and “Special Permanent Resident”

## (Data Section 2, Statistics (1) 11)

According to the statistics of the number of registered foreign nationals by status of residence, those with the status of “Permanent Resident” (excluding Special Permanent Resident) were the largest group as of the end of 2009. The number of permanent residents was 533,472, an increase of 41,416 (8.4%) from the end of 2008, accounting for 24.4% of the total. (Table 8)
possibly further decrease depending on the movement of so-called third generation and fourth generation foreign nationals residing in Japan.

### B. Foreign Nationals Residing in Japan for the Purpose of Employment

## (Data Section 2, Statistics (1) 1-2 through 6-2)

The number of registered foreign nationals residing in Japan for the purpose of employment increased by 1,361 (0.6%) from the end of 2008 to 212,896 as of the end of 2009, accounting for 9.7% of the total. Looking at changes in this number from the end of 2005 to the end of 2009, we find that the number of registered persons was on a decreasing trend until the end of 2006 due to a decrease in the number of foreign nationals entering Japan with the status of residence of “Entertainer”. It has increased since the end of 2007 and reached a record high at the end of 2009, though the number of those with the status of residence of other than “Specialist in Humanities/International Services”, “Skilled Labor”, and “Instructor” decreased from the previous year. (Chart 14)

Chart 14: Changes in the number of registered foreign nationals by status of residence for employment
According to statistics by category of the status of residence, the number of registered foreign nationals with the status of residence of “Researcher” has recently been decreasing. It is partly because the status of residence of “Designated Activities” came to be granted to those who intended to engage in research activities if they met the requirements for preferential measures under the Act on Special Zones for Structural Reform initiated since April 2003. The number of those with the status of residence of “Entertainer” decreased by 2,065 (15.8%) at the end of 2009 from the end of the previous year, showing a continuous decrease. This is caused by the decrease of new entrants with the status of residence of “Entertainer”.

The numbers of registered foreign nationals with such statuses of residence as “Engineer”, “Specialist in Humanities/International Services” and “Intra-company Transferee” which were basically designed for foreign employees, were 50,493, 69,395 and 16,786, respectively, as of the end of 2009. They decreased by 1,780 (3.4%), increased by 2,104 (3.1%), and decreased by 1,012 (5.7%) from the end of 2008, respectively.

At the end of 2009, the percentage of the number of registered foreign nationals with such status of residence as “Engineer”, “Specialist in Humanities/International Services” and “Intra-company Transferee” against the total number of registered foreign nationals residing in Japan for the purpose of employment was 23.7%, 32.6%, 7.9% respectively, and so-called foreign employees working for companies accounted for about 60% of foreign nationals residing in Japan for employment purposes.

### C. “College Student” and “Pre-college Student”

## (Data Section 2, Statistics (1) 7-2, 8-2)

The number of registered foreign nationals with the status of residence of “College Student” exceeded 100,000 for the first time at the end of 2002, and the number of foreign nationals registered as “College Student” as of the end of 2009 reached 145,909, an increase of 7,395 (5.3%) as compared with the end of 2008. On a nationality (place of origin) basis, the number of Chinese college students was 94,355, accounting for 64.7% of the total, followed by North and South Koreans (19,807 accounting for 13.6%).

Looking at changes in the total number from the end of 2005 until the end of 2009, the number as of the end of 2009 was about 1.1 times that as of the end of 2005.

On the other hand, the number of registered foreign nationals with the status of residence of “Pre-college Student” took a downturn as of the end of 2004, but increased from the end of 2006, reaching 46,759 as of the end of 2009, an increase of 5,446 (13.2%) from the end of 2008. According to statistics by nationality (place of origin), China stood at 32,408, accounting for 69.3% of the total, followed by North and South Koreas (7,804 accounting for 16.7%).

Looking at the changes in the total number from the end of 2005 until the end of 2009, the number as of the end of 2009 increased by about 1.7 times from the end of 2005.