Silviase/jgov_v1.4_full_ann huggingface dataset:
用の一部を助成し、経済的負担の軽減を図るとともに、不育症に悩む人への相談体制の充実を図る。

## (3) 小児の慢性疾患などへの支援

165億円

小児期に小児がんなどの特定の疾患に罹患し、長期間の療養を必要とする児童などの健全育成を図るため、その治療の確立と普及を図り、併せて患者家庭の医療費の負担を軽減する（小児慢性特定疾患治療研究事業）。なお、難病対策の法制化等の取組みと併せ、取組みを進める。

また、未熟児の養育医療費の給付などを行う。

## 5 児童手当制度 1 兆 4，5 8 5 億円 → 1 兆 4，3 1 1 億円

次代の社会を担う児童の健やかな成長に資するため、児童手当の支給を行う。

## 6 仕事と育児の両立支援策の推進（再掲・7ページ参照）

9 2億円 → 7 3億円

## 第2 女性の活躍促進と安心して働くことのできる環境整備

## 1 女性の活躍促進

5. 7億円 → 6. 1億円

## （１）女性の活躍促進のための直接的な働きかけ【一部新規】

5.0億円

ポジティブ・アクション（女性の活躍促進）を支援するため、新たに雇用均等指導員（均等担当）（仮称）を設置し、企業に対する直接的な働きかけを強化する。

## （２）ポジティブ・アクションの取組みの推進【一部新規】１．１億円

専用ポータルサイト等での開示を促進するとともに、企業の労使で男女の均等度合いを把握してポジティブ・アクションにつなげるための事業を実施する。

また、新たに、メンター（※1）やロールモデル（※2）の確保・育成が困難な中小企業がネットワークをつくり、女性の相互研鑽、研修などを行う仕組みづくりを支援する。

(※1) メンター：後輩からの仕事・キャリア等の相談相手となりつつ助言、指導、支援をし入材育成する人物

(※2) ロールモデル：職業人として模範、手本となる、又は目指したい人物
## （１）両立支援に取り組む事業主への助成金の支給【一部新規】

67億円

働き続けながら育児・家族介護を行う労働者の雇用の継続を図るため、子育て期における短時間勤務制度を導入し労働者に利用させるなど、雇用環境の整備を行う事業主に助成金を支給する。

また、期間雇用者に育児休業を取得させ、復職させた事業主に助成金を支給する（期間雇用者継続就業支援コースの新設）ことにより、期間雇用者の育児休業の取得を促進し継続就業を支援する。

さらに、事業主が女性の活躍促進について取り組むことを宣言し、成果があった場合に、助成金を上乗せ支給する制度を創設する。

## （２）仕事と育児の両立支援に関する雇用管理改善事業の実施　４．９億円

両立支援制度を利用しやすい職場環境を整備するため、期間雇用者の育児休業や短時間勤務の取得などに関する好事例の収集・普及を行うとともに、イクメンプロジェクトの実施などにより、男性の育児休業の取得を促進する。

## （3） 仕事と介護の両立支援事業の実施【新規】30百万円

労働者の仕事と介護の両立を支援し、継続就業を促進するため、企業向けの両立支援対応策モデルを構築し、その周知を図るとともに、両立支援制度や両立モデルなどを内容とする労働者向け事例集の作成、シンポジウムの開催などを行う。

## （４）育児・介護休業法の円滑な施行 ６２百万円

育児・介護休業法に基づく制度の普及・定着に向けた導入指導などの強化により、仕事と家庭の両立ができる職場環境の整備促進を図る。

## (5) 中小企業における次世代育成支援対策の推進 22 百万円

次世代育成支援対策推進法に基づく行動計画の策定などが行われるよう指導を行うとともに、多くの事業主が次世代法に基づく認定を目指して取組みを行うよう周知・啓発に取り組む。

## 3 パートタイム労働者の均等・均衡待遇の確保と正社員転換の推進【一部新規】

## 25 億円 → 15億円

パートタイム労働法制の整備を進め、制度の周知を図る。

また、パートタイム労働者の均等・均衡待遇の確保、正社員への転換を推進するため、パートタイム労働法に基づく指導、専門家による相談・援助、助成措置の活用による支援、職務分析・職務評価の導入支援を行うとともに、新たにパートタイム労働者の活躍を推進する雇用管理改善の取組みの普及促進を行う。
さらに、短時間正社員制度の導入・定着促進のため、ノウハウの提供や助成措置の活用による支援などを行う。

（※）均衡待遇・正社員化推進奨励金（パートタイム労働者の正社員転換等を推進）については、他の非正規雇用対策関連の助成金と整理・統合し、平成25年度からは有期・短時間・派遣労働者等安定雇用実現プロジェクト（仮称）における包括的な助成措置として実施する。

## 4 多様な働き方に対する支援の充実

#### 3. 4億円 → 1. 4億円

（１）短時間正社員制度の導入・定着の促進（再掲） ９７百万円

短時間正社員制度の導入・定着促進のため、ノウハウの提供や助成措置の活用による支援などを行う。

## (２)良好な在宅就業環境の確保

在宅就業を良好な就業形態とするため、「在宅ワークの適正な実施のためのガイドライン」の周知を図るとともに、在宅就業者と仲介機関など発注者を対象とした支援事業を実施する。
Note: Composition ratio = Total Number of three organizations ÷ Total Number × 100

## (2) Dissolution and Disintegration of Boryokudans

In 2009, a total of 215 Boryokudan organizations (having a total of approximately 1,165 regular members) were dissolved or disintegrated. Of these, 168 organizations (78.1%) having approximately 922 members (79.1%) were organizations under the umbrella of one of the big three organizations, Yamaguchi-gumi, Inagawa-kai or Sumiyoshi-kai.

## (3) Designation of Boryokudan

As of June 1, 2010, a total of 22 organizations were designated as a Boryokudan, based on the definition laid out in the Anti-Boryokudan Act. During 2009, Matsuba-kai, were designated as a Boryokudan for the sixth time, the third Fukuhaku-kai was designated as a Boryokudan for the fourth time.
## Table 2-1 List of Designated Boryokudans (22 Organizations)

## Sixth Yamaguchi-gumi

①4-3-1 Shinohara-honmachi, Nada-ku, Kobe City, Hyogo

②Kenichi Shinoda

③45

④19,000

## Fourth Kudo-kai

①1-1-12 Kantake, Kokurakita-ku,

Kitakyushu City, Fukuoka

②Satoru Nomura

③3

④690

## Sixth Aisukotetsu-kai

①176-1 Higashi-tagasegawa-suji, Uenokuchi-agaru

Iwataki-cho, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto City, Kyoto

②Yoshitsugu Baba

③3

④470

## Fourth Kozakura-ikka

①9-1 Kotsuki-cho, Kagoshima City, Kagoshima

②Kiei Hiraoka

③1

④100

## Second Shinwa-kai

①2-14-4 Shiogami-cho, Takamatsu City, Kagawa

② Hirofumi Kira

③ 1

④ 70

## Taishu-kai

①1314-1 Ugeta, Oaza, Tgawa-city, Fukuoka

② Hiroshi Hidaka

③ 1

④ 170

## Second Azuma-gumi

①1-11-8 Sanno, Nishi-nari-ku, Osaka City, Osaka

②Hiroshi Takimoto

③1

④170

## Kyushu Seido-kai

①2-4-2 Jyokan-cho, Omuta City, Fukuoka

②Park Jeong Ho

③6

④380

## I nagawa-kai

①7-8-4 Roppongi, Minato-ku, Tokyo

②Sin Byon-Gyu

③21

④4,700

## Third Kyokuryu-kai

①4-301-6 Shuri Ishimine-cho, Naha City, Okinawa

②Yoshihiro Onaga

③1

④270

## Fifth Kyosei-kai

①18-10 Minami-oko-cho, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima

②Atsumu Moriya

③1

④290

Note 1: ① & ② refer to address as of 19 March, ③ & ④ refer to the end of 2009.

## Third Asano-gumi

①615-11, Kasaoka, Kasaoka City, Okayama

②Yoshiaki Kushita

③2

④130

## Soai-kai

①1343-8 Uruido, Ichihara City, Chiba

②Masanori Shioshima

③2

④230

## Seventh Sakaume-gumi

①1-3-17 Taishi, Nishinari-ku, Osaka-City, Osaka

② Nam Yeoil

③1

④110

## Matsuba-kai

①2-9-8 Nishi-asakusa, Taito-ku, Tokyo

②Yoshiro Ogino

③10

④1,200

## 【Legend】

①Location of Main Office

② Representative (Including second-in-command)

③Area of Influence (prefectures)

## Sumiyoshi-kai

①6-4-1 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo

②Shigeo Nishiguchi

③19

④6,100

## Okinawa Kyokuryu-kai

①2-6-19 Tsuji, Naha City, Okinawa

④ Approximate number of members

②Kiyoshi Tominaga

③1

④370

## Seventh Goda-ikka

①3-13-6 Takezaki-cho, Shimonoseki City, Yamaguchi

②Kim Kyo-Hwan

③3

④160

## Dojin-kai

①247-6 Kyo-machi, Kurume City, Fukuoka

②Tetsuji Kobayashi

③4

④840

## Third Kyodo-kai

①3025-1 sanba-cho, Onomichi City, Hiroshima

②Nozomu Watanabe

③6

④180

## Kyokuto-kai

①1-29-5 Nishi-ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo

②Jo Gyu Hwa

③15

④1,200

## Third Fukuhaku-kai

①5-18-15 Chiyo, Hakata-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka

②Kim In Sun

③4

2: The percentage of the designated Boryokudan members (37,000 persons) within the total number of Boryokudan members (38,600 persons) was 95.9% as of the end of 2008.
2. Cracking Down on Boryokudan Crime

## (1) Overview of Arrests of Boryokudan Members

Trends in the number of arrests of Boryokudan members according to the type of crime are shown in Diagram 2-2.

Since 2000, there have been five primary types of crime leading to criminal arrest. They are: Stimulants Control Act violations, larceny, battery, fraud and extortion. The primacy of these crimes has not changed, but there has been a sharp decline in the number of persons arrested for extortion, the four laws related to gambling and public racing (bookmaking) $ ^{1} $ . On the other hand, the number of persons arrested for fraud and larceny has increased, which shows that Boryokudans greatly change the methods to acquire funds.

Note 1: Horse Racing Act, Bicycle Racing Act, Auto Racing Act, and Motorboat Racing Act

Diagram 2-2 Trends in the Number of Members or Associated Members of Boryokudans Cleared for Serious Crimes, by Crime Category (2000-2009)

Category	Change in the Past 10 Years (%)
Stimulants Control Act violations	$ \Delta $ 20.3
Battery	$ \Delta $ 37.8
Larceny	19.6
Extortion	$ \Delta $ 45.3
Fraud	33.2
Assault	$ \Delta $ 1.7
Gambling	$ \Delta $ 32.2
Intimidation	$ \Delta $ 8.1
Robbery	$ \Delta $ 2.5
Bookmaking, etc.	$ \Delta $ 75.7
Other	5.9
Total	$ \Delta $ 14.7

(2) Incidents of Rivalry Conflict and Incidents of Gun Violence Caused by Boryokudans

Diagram 2-2 shows the trends of the number of cases concerning rivalry conflict and gun violence caused by Boryokudans. In 2009, there was one case of rival conflict, leading to two deaths or injuries. Additionally, there were 22 incidents of handgun usage by Boryokudan members, leading to 14 deaths or injuries.

Table 2-2 Trends in the Number of Incidents of Rivalry Conflicts or Gun Violence caused by Boryokudans (2000-2009)

Year Category	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009
Rivalry Conflict	Number of cases (cases)	5	5	7	7	6	6	0	3	1	1
Number of incidents (times)	18	81	28	44	31	18	0 [ 15 ]	18	6	4
Number of incidents among those that involved guns	16 (88.9)	71 (87.7)	21 (75.0)	32 (72.7)	19 (61.3)	11 (61.1)	0 [ 8 ] ( [ 53.3 ] )	12 (66.7)	3 (50.0)	1 (25.0)
Number of deaths	1	4	2	7	4	2	0	8	3	2
Number of injuries	9	15	14	15	12	4	0 [ 6 ]	8	0	0
Gun Violence	Number of cases	92	178	112	104	85	51	36	41	32	22
Number of deaths	17	24	18	28	15	7	2	12	8	6
Number of injuries	24	20	20	27	12	6	8	7	5	8

Note 1: The rate of firearm use is shown in parenthesis.

In rivalry conflicts, the series of incidents between specified groups resulting from beginning to end is considered individually for "Number of incidents" and the total number of illegal acts stemming from a given conflict falls under "Number of occurrences."

3: "Incidents of gunfire" believed to have been committed by Boryokudan, etc., are cases for which it is suspected that a Boryokudan member or associated member was responsible, as well as those incidents with which it is believed that Boryokudan held an interest.

4: The incidents that are regarded as internal conflicts between Dojin-kai and Kyushu Seido-kai in 2006 or the attacks by conflicts are allocated in square parentheses.
## (3) Fund Acquisition Crimes

The police collect and analyze information regarding the ever diverse and nontransparent fund acquisition efforts of Boryokudans and promote crackdown on Boryokudans or those living in coexistence with Boryokudans while paying attention to the changes in socioeconomic situation.

## 1 ) Fund acquisition crimes responding the changes in social situation

Boryokudans commit a multitude of fund acquisition crimes such as unreasonable requests of corporations and government organizations, Furikome fraud, robbery, and larceny, as well as misuse of public benefit systems under the recent economic depression and various fund acquisition crimes responding to the changes of the time.

## 2 ) Fund acquisition crimes in disguise of economic activities

Boryokudans, with the threat of force in the background, either act through the business that is effectively provided to them by associate companies or collude with those individuals living in coexistence with them to carry out general business transactions and commit a multitude of fund acquisition crimes such as violation of the Money Lending Business Act or the Waste Management and Public Cleansing Act.

## 3 ) Traditional fund acquisition crimes

In recent years there has been a declining trend in the ratio held by Boryokudan members in the total number of arrests for the so-called traditional fund acquisition crimes of Stimulants Control Act violations, assaults, gambling and bookmaking.

Table 2-3 Trends in the Number of Arrests Regarding Traditional Fund Acquisition Activities (2000-2009)

Year	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009
Category
Total number of boryokudan members arrested (persons)	31,054	30,917	30,824	30,550	29,325	29,626	28,417	27,169	26,064	26,503
Number of arrests for traditional fund raising activities (persons)	12,910	12,100	11,398	10,128	9,379	10,467	9,412	9,275	8,517	8,921
Stimulant drugs	7,720	7,298	6,699	6,016	5,412	6,810	6,043	6,319	5,735	6,153
Extortion	3,290	3,070	2,954	3,092	2,808	2,619	2,523	2,175	2,013	1,800
Gambling	1,164	1,238	1,374	780	837	845	685	648	639	789
Bookmaking, etc.	736	494	371	240	322	193	161	133	130	179
Composition ratio (%)	41.6	39.1	37.0	33.2	32.0	35.3	33.1	34.1	32.7	33.7

Note: Composition rate = Number of arrests for traditional fund raising activities ÷ Total number of boryokudan members arrested × 100

### 3. Operation of the Anti-Boryokudan Act

When members of designated Boryokudans use the influence of the Boryokudan to which they belong to make violent demands etc., the Prefectural Public Safety Commissions can issue cease and desist orders etc., based on the Anti-Boryokudan Act.

Table 2-4 shows the number of issuances of cease and desist orders by Prefectural Public Safety Commissions in the last five years.

Diagram 2-3 Outline of Orders based on Anti-Boryokudan Act
Under an agreement reached in December 2009 by the working team on comprehensive measures for the crackdown on Boryokudans set up under the Ministerial Meeting Concerning Measures against Crime, the government is pushing ahead with efforts to eliminate Boryokudans from all public works projects, including the incorporation of Boryokudan exclusionary clauses $ ^{1} $ in contracts for public works other than government-ordered public construction projects (including those related to subcontractor contracts and reconsignment contracts, etc.). The government is also giving guidance to and requesting industry sectors involved in private-sector works, etc. to promote similar measures. Furthermore, it is giving guidance to independent administrative institutions as well as local governments to promote similar efforts.

Note 1: Clauses of laws, regulations, bylaws and contracts, etc. that provide for the exclusion of Boryokudan-related persons such as Boryokudan members or Boryokudan-linked enterprises from those who obtain permissions, etc., parties to be entrusted with clerical work and counterparties of contracts and other transactions, etc.

## 2 ) Ordinances for Elimination of Boryokudans

Following increasing incidents of rivalry conflicts between Boryokudans and the opening of Boryokudan offices in commercial and residential buildings in recent years, local governments are moving to enact or revise ordinances for the elimination of Boryokudans.

## (2) Elimination of Boryokudans from Various Industry Sectors and Transactions

## 1 ) Elimination of Boryokudans from Various Industry Sectors

In order to shut off sources of funds of Boryokudans, the police are promoting, in cooperation with relevant organizations, activities to eliminate Boryokudans from various industry sectors, including industrial waste disposers, money lenders and building contractors. Further, in recent years, many laws regulating various industry sectors have been incorporating Boryokudan exclusionary clauses to eliminate Boryokudans and Boryokudan-linked enterprises from various industry sectors. In 2009, such clauses were incorporated into the Customs Act and the Installment Sales Act.

## 2 ) Elimination of Boryokudans from Various Transactions

As Boryokudans have become very sophisticated in making their activities to acquire illicit funds opaque in recent years, it is quite possible that ordinary companies unknowingly conduct economic transactions with them, totally unaware that counterparties of transactions are Boryokudan-linked enterprises. Given such a situation, relevant organizations and institutions are intensifying their cooperation to promote efforts to eliminate Boryokudans from various transactions in accordance
with the “Guideline for Business Enterprises to Prevent Damage by Anti-Social Forces” $ ^{1} $ worked out at an executive meeting of the Ministerial Meeting Concerning Measures against Crime.

The Japanese securities industry has been promoting efforts to eliminate Boryokudans and other anti-social forces from securities transactions. In March 2009, the Japan Securities Dealers Association (JSDA) was registered with the National Public Safety Commission as an institution to manage information on unjust demands $ ^{2} $ .

In the banking industry, the Japanese Bankers Association has been promoting efforts to eliminate Boryokudans and other anti-social forces from banking transactions. In September 2009, the association presented its member banks, etc. with reference examples of Boryokudan exclusionary clauses and account application forms that require applicants to state and affirm that they do not fall under the category of anti-social forces.

Note 1: The guideline summarizes basic ideas and concrete responses with which business enterprises prevent damage by anti-social forces.

2: An institution that undertakes the collection of information on unjust demands and the provision of relevant information.

## (3) Activities by Local Residents to Eliminate Violence, etc

The police have been promoting adequate support to local residents, etc., including assistance for local residents' movements to block designated Boryokudans' plans to set up their headquarters offices in local communities, which actually forced them to drop such plans. The police have also worked closely with the Prefectural Centers to Promote Movements for Elimination of Boryokudans (hereinafter referred to "the Boryokudan Elimination Centers") and bar associations to establish study groups on measures to deal with the intervention of Boryokudans in civil affairs in order to prevent damage from unjust demands from Boryokudans and alleviate damage caused by Boryokudans by supporting the victims of Boryokudan crimes in their damages suits against perpetrators and local residents in their civil suits to remove Boryokudan offices from their communities.

In cooperation with the police, Boryokudan Elimination Centers and bar associations, restaurants, bars and other businesses are mounting movements to refuse payments of so-called “protection money” to Boryokudans to shut off this stable source of funding for them. The police are promoting support to these activities to eliminate violence.
### Section 2. Drugs and Firearms Countermeasures

### 1. Drug Situation

In 2009, the number of persons arrested was 14,974, an increase of 659 (4.6%) from the previous year. The number of cases for stimulants and marijuana offenses cleared increased significantly and the number of persons arrested for stimulants and marijuana offenses marked record highs, and as such, the drug situation in Japan continues to be severe.

Diagram 2-6 The Number of Persons Arrested for Drug-related Offenses (2009)

## (1) Stimulant Situation

The number of persons arrested for stimulant offenses in 2009 $ ^{1} $ has increased from the previous year. This accounts for a large portion of the total number of persons arrested for all the drug-related offenses. Moreover, the amount of powdered drug seized has decreased from the previous year.

Characteristics of methamphetamine offenses in 2009

- 58% of those arrested are repeat offenders.

• 53.2% of those arrested are Boryokudan members.

- The number of persons arrested for profit-making crimes significantly increased.

Note 1: Includes the number of persons arrested for violation of the Act on Special Provisions for the Narcotics and Psychotropics Control Act, etc. and Other Matters for the Prevention of Activities Encouraging Illicit Conducts and Other Activities Involving Controlled Substances through International Cooperation (hereinafter referred to as the "Anti-Drug Special Act").
Diagram 2-7 Trends in the Situation of Arrests for Stimulant Offenses (2000-2009)

Year	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009
Category
Number of Cases	25,913	24,791	23,225	20,129	17,699	19,999	17,226	16,929	15,801	16,208
Number of Arrests	18,942	17,912	16,771	14,624	12,220	13,346	11,606	12,009	11,025	11,655
Amount of Powdered Drug Seized (kg)	1,026.9	406.1	437.0	486.8	406.1	118.9	126.8	339.3	397.5	356.3
Amount of Tablets Seized (tablets)	—	—	16,031	70	366	26,402	56,886	4,914	22,371	12,799
Number of First-time Offenders	9,506	8,742	7,861	6,785	5,454	5,995	5,270	5,296	4,837	4,890
Component Ratio of First-time Offenders (%)	50.2	48.8	46.9	46.4	44.6	44.9	45.4	44.1	43.9	42.0

Note 1: Component ratio of first-time offenders = The number of first-time offenders / the number of offenders x 100

2: The figures for the number of cases and number of arrests include those cases and arrests relating to stimulant use and pursued through the Anti-Drug Special Act.

3: The amount of powdered drug seized does not include the number of tablets seized.

## (2) Situation of Each Type of Drug Offense 1) Each type of drug offense

Table 2-5 shows the number of persons arrested for offenses relating to each type of drug, including cannabis, MDMA $ ^{1} $ and other synthetic drugs (but not including paint thinner offenses or other organic solvent offenses) and the amount seized of each drug in the past five years.

Characteristics of cannabis offenses in 2009

The number of persons arrested for growing cannabis increased

- 61.3% of those arrested were teenagers or those in their twenties

- 84.8% of those arrested were first-time offenders

Characteristics of MDMA and other synthetic drug offenses in 2009

• The amount seized decreased

- 53.3% of those arrested were teenagers or those in their twenties

- 86.0% of those arrested were first-time offenders

Cannabis cultivated in vinyl greenhouse
Table 2-5 Trends in the Situation of Each Type of Drug Offenses Cleared (2005-2009)

Category	Year	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009
Cannabis Offenses	Number of arrests	1,941	2,288	2,271	2,758	2,920
Amount seized (kg)	Marijuana	643.1	225.8	437.8	375.1
Hashish	230.5	96.7	20.1	33.1
Narcotic and Psychotropic arrests	MDMA and other synthetic drugs	Number of arrests	403	370	296	281	107
Amount seized (tablets)	571,522	186,226	1,233,883	217,172	85,688
Cocaine	Number of arrests	36	72	99	98	116
Amount seized (kg)	2.9	9.8	18.5	5.5	11.3
Heroin	Number of arrests	21	22	13	13	15
Amount seized (kg)	0.1	2.3	1.8	1.0	1.2
Psychotropic drugs	Number of arrests	15	21	19	30	17
Amount seized (tablets)	19,287	17,311	13,072	48,031	2,918
Opium	Number of arrests	12	27	41	14	28
Amount seized (kg)	1.0	17.2	19.4	6.6	3.2

## 2 ) Paint Thinner and Other Organic Solvent Offenses

The number of persons arrested (including custody) for offenses related to paint thinner and other organic solvents in the last five years is in the decreasing trend as Diagram 2-6 shows.

Characteristics in 2009

- 31.8% of those arrested (for ingestion, inhalation or the intent to ingest or inhale) were juveniles

- 67.9% of those arrested (for willful sale $ ^{2} $ (sale of organic solvent with the knowledge that they will be used improperly)) were juveniles

Table 2-6 Trends in the Persons Arrested related to Organic Solvent Offenses (2005-2009)

Year	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009
Category
Ingestion, inhalation or the intent to ingest or inhale	2,783	2,142	1,802	1,428	1,215
Willful sale	269	196	184	106	106

Note 1: An abbreviation for the drug’s scientific name, “3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine.” Originally a fine white powder, now commonly sold secretly in a variety of colors and featuring a variety of patterns and engravings.

2: Sales knowing purchase was made for drug abuse

## (2) Contribution of Boryokudans to Drug Offenses

In 2009, 6,201 Boryokudan members were arrested for stimulant offenses. This is an increase of 400 persons (6.9%) from the previous year and accounts for 53.2% of all the arrests for stimulant offenses, indicating that Boryokudans are contributing to stimulant offenses more than ever before.

In addition, 870 Boryokudan members were arrested for cannabis offenses, an increase of 14 persons (1.6%) from the previous year and accounts for 29.8% of all the cannabis offense arrests. 28 Boryokudan members were arrested for MDMA or other synthetic drug offenses, a decrease of 56 persons (66.7%). It accounts for 26.2% of all the arrests for MDMA or other synthetic drugs. This indicates that Boryokudan members are contributing to drug offenses on a wider scale.