by extremist groups advocating anti-globalism in downtown areas can develop into a state of massive disorder by onlookers who may suddenly take actions. Also, the moves by extreme leftist and rightist groups are unforeseeable. In sum, the security situations concerning hosting the APEC in Japan are very tough, making us to expect to implement much more sophisticated security measures in comparison with the G8 Summit held in Toyako, Hokkaido.

## (3) Various Security Measures Implemented by the Police

The NPA established the 2010 APEC Security Measure Committee led by the Deputy Commissioner-General on November 20, 2009. The Kanagawa Prefectural Police, which is in charge of the security of the venues for the summit meeting and ministerial meeting, has created the APEC Division and established community safety associations and other projects within all police stations to implement various measures so that understanding and cooperation can be obtained from local residents. Furthermore, each Prefectural Police has established a security measure committee, promoting security projects nationwide.

## 1 ) Measures against Terrorists

The police have been enhancing information collection and analysis and fully implementing border control and security surveillance of important facilities through closer collaborations with overseas security information organizations to proactively prevent terrorist attacks. We are also asking distributors dealing in explosive substances and hotels that terrorists may use in preparation for attacks to fully grasp information on terrorist attacks.

The police are striving to enhance the capability to deal with terrorists by reinforcing the equipment and devices required for SATs $ ^{1} $ , firearm teams, and special teams working on NBC terrorist attacks $ ^{2} $ and by implementing full-scale practical trainings in preparation for possible terrorist attacks.

## Note 1: Special Assault Teams

2: Terrorist attacks using nuclear, biological, or chemical substances

## 2 ) Measures against Demonstrations and Riots

Riot police and other teams are conducting practical trainings and enhancing skill levels to control demonstrations and other events during the terms of the meetings and keep unlawful activities under control.

## 3 ) Measures to Protect VIPs

As leaders and ministers from 21 countries and areas will be attending the APEC 2010 meeting in Japan, there are concerns of terrorism against those dignitaries.

The police closely work with the security authorities and related organizations of each country to implement full-scale practical trainings for security officers protecting dignitaries so that we can maximize the security levels for these leaders and ministers.

## 4 ) Measures on Traffic Control

During the terms of the APEC-related events, the police will control traffic in the vicinity of the venues. The police try to minimize the impact of the traffic control on the life of our citizens and implement PR activities asking the general public to understand and cooperate regarding the restraint on traffic volume near the venues and notifying the specific schedules of traffic control.

## 5 ) Measures on Communications

The police implement various wireless communications systems to ensure proper commands and control structures as well as image communications systems to appropriately capture the information of event locations and multiple wired communications systems to enable the smooth dissemination and sharing of information among police headquarters and local operations.