Silviase/jgov_v1.4_full_ann huggingface dataset:
According to the statistics by measures of deportation, 96.6% of foreign nationals who had been issued a deportation order were deported at their own expense ("voluntary departure"), making up the vast majority. On the other hand, the number of foreign nationals who need to be individually deported at national expense has been increasing, and the number of foreign nationals individually deported at national expense was 239 in 2006. ( Table 31)

## ( 1 ) Deportation at the Expense of the Government

As foreign nationals violating the Act stay longer and have diversifying lifestyles, an increasing number of foreign nationals who have been issued a deportation order suffer from illness, refuse deportation for various reasons, or remain detained for a long period of time because they cannot afford travel expenses. Of these foreign nationals, the number of those deported at national expense in consideration of individual circumstances increased by 47 (up 24.5%) from 192 in 2005 to 239 in 2006.

In addition, Chinese illegal immigrants detected at the border as collective stowaways were deported as a group in the past. However, collective deportation has not been conducted since 2004 due to a significant decrease in the number of collective stowaways detected.

(2) Deportation at the Expense of the Foreign National (Voluntary Departure)

Deportees who were deported at their own expense increased by 100 (up 0.3%) from 2005 to 31,911 in 2006.

Although around 95% of the deported foreign nationals are deported at their own expense every year, many do not fulfill requirements for deportation. For example, they do not possess a passport, an airplane ticket, or enough money for travel costs, causing the process to take a

Table 32 : Changes in the number of deportees by voluntary departure classified by nationality (place of origin)

(People)

Nationality (Place of Origin)	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006
Total	32,068	33,914	40,480	31,811	31,911
China	7,627	9,931	12,919	10,621	9,831
Philippines	3,089	3,655	5,101	4,810	5,340
R.O. Korea	8,216	6,326	5,656	3,912	4,155
Thailand	2,090	2,159	2,370	1,865	1,766
Indonesia	1,278	1,525	1,989	1,224	1,663
Sri Lanka	718	706	929	766	1,089
Bangladesh	816	875	1,211	1,258	1,068
Malaysia	1,335	1,653	1,519	1,179	910
Viet Nam	334	409	795	558	861
Peru	844	777	780	520	629
Others	5,721	5,898	7,211	5,098	4,599

$ ^{*} $ "China" does not include Taiwan, Hong Kong or others.
considerable amount of time.

In order to deport such nationals as quickly as possible, the Immigration Bureau not only carries out deportation procedures but also instructs the foreign nationals to make contact with relevant people in Japan or in their home countries in order to obtain an airplane ticket or money for travel costs. In cases where a foreign national does not possess a passport, the Immigration Bureau makes an application for the early issue of a passport to the relevant foreign mission in Japan. ( Table 32)

## ( 3 ) Sending Back at the Expense of and on the Responsibility of the Carriers

Any carrier that transported a foreign national who is issued a deportation order must send him/her back at their own expense and on their own responsibility (the deportation specified in Article 59 of the Immigration Control Act) under certain conditions. The number of foreign nationals deported in this way in 2006 was 852, having decreased by 325 (down 27.6%) from 2005. (Table 31)

## 5 Departure Orders

## ( 1 ) Outline

The departure order system was newly established by the amendment of the Immigration Control Act of 2004 for the purpose of encouraging illegal foreign residents to appear at immigration offices voluntarily. It entered into force on December 2, 2004. Under the system, if a foreign national who appears at an immigration office voluntarily satisfies certain requirements, he/she may depart from Japan without being detained in accordance with simple procedures, and the landing denial period for him/her will be shortened from five years to one year.

## ( 2 ) Investigation of Violations

The number of foreign nationals who were handed over from immigration control officers to immigration inspectors through the departure order procedures was 11,108 in 2006, accounting for 19.7% of the total number of foreign nationals violating the Immigration Control Act.

### A. The Number of Foreign Nationals Ordered to Depart by Nationality (Place of Origin)

According to the statistics by nationality (place of origin), the largest number was from China (3,518 accounting for 31.7% of the total), followed by R.O. Korea (1,989 accounting for 17.9%), the Philippines (1,586 accounting for 14.3%), Indonesia (702 accounting for 6.3%), and Thailand (436 accounting for 3.9%). ( Table 33)
Table 33 : Number of foreign nationals handed over under a departure order by nationality (place of origin) (2006)

(People)

Article (Place of Origin)	Total	24-2-2	24-4-b	24-6	24-6-2	24-7
Total	11,108	0	10,339	287	1	481
China	3,518	0	3,401	85	1	31
R.O. Korea	1,989	0	1,947	4	0	38
Philippines	1,586	0	1,369	45	0	172
Indonesia	702	0	634	52	0	16
Thailand	436	0	343	36	0	57
Sri Lanka	350	0	327	12	0	11
Viet Nam	339	0	329	1	0	9
Peru	254	0	202	0	0	52
Mongolia	241	0	223	13	0	5
Malaysia	214	0	213	0	0	1
Others	1,479	0	1,351	39	0	89

$ ^{*} $ "China" does not include Taiwan, Hong Kong or others.

### B. The Number of Foreign Nationals Ordered to Depart by Gender

The numbers of males and females were 5,624 (accounting for 50.6% of the total) and 5,484 (accounting for 49.4% of the total), respectively, showing no large difference between males and females.

### C. The Number of Foreign Nationals Ordered to Depart by Applied Articles

According to the statistics by applied articles, the number of suspects violating Article 24, (4) (b) of the Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act was the largest at 10,339, accounting for 93.1% of the total. This was followed by 481 suspects violating Article 24, (7), 287 suspects violating Article 24, (6), and one suspect violating Article 24, (6) 2.

## ( 3 ) Examination

### A. Receipt and Findings of Cases

The number of foreign nationals handed over by immigration control officers as those subject to a departure order was 11,108 in 2006.

In the departure order system, foreign nationals subject to a departure order are those who have voluntarily appeared at a regional immigration bureau wishing to depart from Japan. The cases of foreign nationals are promptly handled after being handed over by immigration control officers. In 2006, 11,108 such cases were handled, and eight were sent back to the immigration control officers on the grounds that they did not fulfill the requirements for a departure order.

### B. Issuance of a Written Departure Order

The number of foreign nationals who were recognized as subject to a departure order and to
whom a written departure order was issued was 11,100 in 2006.

According to the statistics by nationality (place of origin), the largest number was from China (3,516 accounting for 31.7% of the total), followed by Korea (1,992 accounting for 17.9%), and the Philippines (1,582 accounting for 14.3%). (Table 34)

Table 34 : Changes in the number of the issuance of written departure orders by nationality (place of origin)

Nationality (Place of Origin)	2004	2005	2006
Total	918	12,227	11,100
China	252	3,777	3,516
Korea	133	2,206	1,992
Philippines	276	1,742	1,582
Indonesia	46	670	701
Thailand	36	507	429
Sri Lanka	15	295	349
Viet Nam	19	304	343
Peru	19	254	250
Mongolia	18	273	240
Malaysia	20	324	214
Others	84	1,875	1,484

(* 1 )"China" does not include Taiwan, Hong Kong or others.

(* 2 )The number of issuance in 2004 is counted after December 2, 2004 (when departure order system was in effect).
# Chapter 3 Recognition of Refugee Status

Due to the recognition that it is important for Japan to fulfill its obligations in the international community by accepting refugees, Japan became a signatory to the Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees in 1981 (hereinafter referred to as the "Convention") and the Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees in 1982 (hereinafter referred to as the "Protocol"), and as a result, also established a system for recognition of refugee status. In reality, in the past not many foreign nationals came to Japan seeking refugee status, except for refugees who came from Indonesia during a 10-year period beginning in 1975.

In recent years, however, the number of foreign nationals seeking refugee status from Japan has been increasing, as the world is rapidly changing due to regional conflicts occurring around the world and the instability of a number of countries. Today, Japanese people pay more attention to refugee-related issues than before.

In light of these circumstances, Japan intends to review the refugee recognition system from the perspective of proper and prompt protection of refugees through fairer procedures. The Act for Partial Amendment of the Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act was promulgated on June 2, 2004, which included establishment of the system for permitting provisional stay and the refugee examination counselors system. The Act has been in force since May 16, 2005.

The Immigration Bureau has further improved and strengthened its organizational structure and investigation system, as well as properly implementing the new refugee recognition system, in order to handle applications for refugee status quickly and appropriately.
## Section 1 ♦ Application for Refugee Status and Findings

## 1 Application for Refugee Status

The total number of applications for refugee status during the period from 1982 through the end of 2006 was 4,882.

The number of applications hit a record high of 530 in 1982, the year in which Japan started accepting refugees. It had hovered in the 20 to 70 range until 1995, and after 1995 had remained in the 100 to 400 range. The number of applications increased significantly in 2006, reaching 954, which was the highest number since establishment of the refugee recognition system. (Table 35)

Table 35 : Changes in the number of Convention refugee applicants/findings and protected refugees

Year	1982~1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	Total
Division
Applied	1,703	260	216	353	250	336	426	384	954	4,882
Findings	Recognized	227	16	22	26	14	10	15	46	34	410
Denied	1,090	177	138	316	211	298	294	249	389	3,162
Withdrawn	271	16	25	28	39	23	41	32	48	523
Total	1,588	209	185	370	264	331	350	327	471	4,095
Humanitarian permission to stay (*1)	72(*2)	44	36	67	40	16	9	97	53	434

( * 1 )"Humanitarian permission to stay" are cases where rejected applicants were permitted to stay in Japan owing to humanitarian reason.

( $ ^{*} $ 2)The number of humanitarian permission to stay before 1998 is the total number from 1991 to 1998.

According to the statistics by nationality (place of origin), out of the above-mentioned 4,882, the largest number of applications was made by nationals from Myanmar (1,335), by Turkey (803), and Pakistan (429). The number of applicants from Asian countries and Middle Eastern countries topped the list.

According to the statistics of the number of applications in 2006 by nationality, the largest number of applications was made by nationals of Myanmar (626), followed by Turkey (149), and Iran and Sri Lanka (both 27).

## 2 Findings of Applications for Refugee Status

During the period from 1982 through the end of 2006, the number of applicants who were recognized as refugees was 410, while the number of applicants who were not recognized as such was 3,162. The number of those who withdrew their applications was 523. The proportion of those recognized as refugees to the total number of applicants (the number of those recognized as refugees to the sum of the number of those recognized as refugees and those not recognized as such) was 11.5%. In 2006, 34 applicants were recognized as refugees.

Further, the immigration administration should be allowed to make exceptional arrangements
within its authority for applicants who have special extenuating circumstances, even if they have not been recognized as refugees who fall under the definitions of refugees specified in the Convention and the Protocol. For example, if an applicant, who is denied recognition of refugee status, is unable to return to his/her home country due to situational problems in his/her country or has some other special reason requiring that he/she stay in Japan, special arrangements may be made flexibly on a case-by-case basis, taking the situation into consideration within the Japanese immigration control framework. The total number of applicants who were allowed to stay in Japan as a result of such special arrangements was 434. In 2006, 53 applicants were allowed to stay in Japan, which was the third largest number in the past. (Table 35)

## Section 2 ♦ Filing of Objections

## 1 Filing of Objections

The total number of objections filed by applicants who were denied refugee status was 2,202 during the period from 1982, the year in which the refugee recognition system was established, through the end of 2006. In 2006, the number reached a record high of 340. (Table 36)

Table 36 : Changes in the number of filings of objections and decisions of the Minister of Justice

Division	Year	1982 ~ 1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	Total
Decision	Not recognized as a refugee	797	293	177	138	316	211	298	294	249	389	3,162
Filing of objection	465	159	158	61	177	224	226	209	183	340	2,202
With reason	1	1	3	-	2	-	4	6	15	12	44
Without reason	280	46	113	142	95	232	200	155	162	127	1,552
Withdra-wn	141	16	24	6	18	34	15	23	18	33	328

$ ^{*} $ There may be cases where the number of "filing of objections" is more than the number of not recognized as a refugee, owing to cases where foreign nationals file objections in the following year after being denied refugee status.

## 2 Findings of Objections

Among the objections filed by applicants who failed to obtain refugee status, 1,924 of them were handled during the period from 1982 through the end of 2006. According to the statistics, 44 objections were considered to be with reasonable grounds and the applicants were granted refugee status. However, 1,552 objections were found to be without reasonable grounds and the remaining 328 objections were withdrawn for reasons such as the departure of the foreign national who had filed the objection.

In 2006, the number of objections that were considered to be with reasonable grounds was 12, without reasonable grounds 127, and withdrawn 33. ( Table 36)
## Section 3 ♦ Landing Permission for Temporary Refuge

Looking at landing permission granted for temporary refuge during the period from 1982 through the end of 2006, such permission was granted to 5,668 Vietnamese boat people who had filed applications before 1993. Out of 110 applicants other than Vietnamese boat people, 35 were granted landing permission, 71 were not granted landing permission, and four withdrew their applications.

According to the statistics during the period from 2002 through 2006, no applications were filed by Vietnamese boat people. However, a total of 19 foreign nationals filed applications during this five-year period, of which six were granted landing permission in 2002. ( Table 37)

Table 37 : Changes in the number of landing permissions for temporary refuge

Division Year	Boat people	Others
Recognized	Applications	Recognized	Denied	Withdrawn
Total	5,668	110	35	71	4
1982	1,037	22	22	-	-
1983	798	8	3	5	-
1984	503	5	1	4	-
1985	435	17	-	17	-
1986	330	6	1	4	1
1987	145	1	-	1	-
1988	219	1	-	1	-
1989	1,909	-	-	-	-
1990	155	4	-	4	-
1991	20	-	-	-	-
1992	100	-	-	-	-
1993	17	-	-	-	-
1994	-	-	-	-	-
1995	-	-	-	-	-
1996	-	1	-	1	-
1997	-	4	-	2	2
1998	-	6	1	5	-
1999	-	-	-	-	-
2000	-	8	-	6	-
2001	-	8	1	9	-
2002	-	11	6	5	-
2003	-	2	-	2	-
2004	-	-	-	-	-
2005	-	-	-	-	-
2006	-	6	-	5	1

$ ^{*} $ Two applications in 2000 were dealt with in 2001.
# Chapter 4 Alien Registration Process

## Section 1 ☐ Initial Registration and Closing of Registration

Alien registration starts with the registration application (initial registration) made by each foreign national who enters Japan or was born in Japan and ends with the termination of the alien registration card (hereinafter referred to as "registration card") due to the foreign national's departure from Japan, death or other circumstances warranting termination of residence in Japan.

In 2006, the number of initial registrations was 336,684, and the number of terminated registrations was 312,655.

## Section 2 ☐ Registration of Changes in Registered Matters

Some matters registered in the registration card change as foreign residents change their address, status of residence, period of stay or occupation after the initial registration. In order to ensure the registration card and the alien registration certificate reflect up-to-date facts, any foreign national who undergoes a change in any of the registered matters is obliged to submit an application for registration of the change within the prescribed period of time.

In addition, in cases where the description in the registration card is no longer accurate due to the abolishment, establishment, separation or unification of municipalities or prefectures, or change of boundaries or names thereof, the heads of municipalities shall register the relevant changes ex officio.

In 2006, the total number of applications for registration of changes was 2,179,407, showing a continued increase. The number of applications made for changes other than address changes temporarily decreased in 2001. However, it has increased as a whole, and reached 1,612,858 in 2006, making up 74.0% of the overall applications for registration of changes.

The total number of registrations of address changes and registrations of changes due to the abolishment, establishment, separation or unification of municipalities was about 570,000 in the previous year, and was 566,549 in 2006. ( Table 38)
Table 38 : Changes in the number of registrations of changes in registered matters

(Cases)

Year	Division	Changes in place of residence	Changes other than place of residence	Total
1960	174,637	100,834	275,471
1965*	154,922	198,419	353,341
1970	148,578	266,792	415,370
1975	137,195	346,942	484,137
1980*	164,026	374,366	538,392
1985*	141,276	445,040	586,316
1990	216,713	883,814	1,100,527
1995	317,807	980,901	1,298,708
2000	388,279	1,175,414	1,563,693
2001	411,405	1,090,251	1,501,656
2002	411,268	1,208,054	1,619,322
2003	453,489	1,347,221	1,800,710
2004	480,309	1,426,824	1,907,133
2005	569,793	1,448,000	2,017,793
2006	566,549	1,612,858	2,179,407

(* 3 ) The number of registrations of "Changes in place of residence" includes registrations of changes due to the abolishment, establishment, separation or unification of municipalities.

(* 1 ) * is the year of change of registration in the alien registration card.

$ ^{*} $ 2 Calculations were for each fiscal year until 1995, but for each calendar year from 2000.
平成17年度一般歳出概算

(政府案)

(单位：億円)

16 年度予算	17 年度概算
15' 增△ 减	16' 增△ 减	伸率 (%)	16' 增△ 减	伸率 (%)
社会保障関係費	197,970	8,063	4.2	203,808	5,838	2.9
文教及び科学振興費	61,330	△3,382	△5.2	57,234	△4,096	△6.7
うち科学技术術振興費	12,841	543	4.4	13,170	329	2.6
恩給関係費	11,321	△708	△5.9	10,693	△628	△5.5
防衛関係費	49,030	△500	△1.0	48,564	△466	△1.0
公共事業関係費	78,159	△2,812	△3.5	75,310	△2,849	△3.6
経済協力費	7,686	△475	△5.8	7,404	△282	△3.7
(参考)ODA	8,169	△409	△4.8	7,862	△307	△3.8
中小企業対策費	1,738	9	0.5	1,730	△8	△0.5
エネルギー対策費	5,065	△502	△9.0	4,954	△111	△2.2
食料安定供給関係費	6,825	△139	△2.0	6,755	△70	△1.0
産業投資特別会計へ繰入	988	△648	△39.6	710	△278	△28.1
その他の事項経費	52,708	1,492	2.9	52,167	△541	△1.0
予備費	3,500	0	0.0	3,500	0	0.0
一般歳出計	476,320	398	0.1	472,829	△3,491	△0.7
## 第5章 DAC援助受取国・地域リスト

図表-79 DAC援助受取国・地域リスト(2007年)

(2007年実績に適用)

*1 GNI値は2004年の数値。 *2 サウジアラビアは2004年にGNIが高所得国の基準を超えたため、2005年および2006年もGNIが高所得国の基準を超えていれば、2008年のDACリスト改訂の際に卒業する予定。
# 第2部 海上交通の安全についての施策

## 1 海上交通環境の整備

船舶の大型化，高速化，海域利用の多様化，海上交通の複雑化等を踏まえ，船舶の安全かつ円滑な航行，港湾における安全性を確保するため，航路，港湾，漁港，航路標識等の整備を推進するとともに，海図，水路誌，リアルタイム海潮流データ等の安全に関する情報の充実及びITを活用した情報提供体制の整備を図る。

① 交通安全施設等の整備

② 海上交通に関する情報提供の充実

③ 高齢社会に対応した旅客船ターミナル等の整備

④ 港湾の保安対策の推進

## 2 船舶の安全な運航の確保

海事関係者の知識・技能の維持向上や安全な運航に係る体制を確立することにより，船舶の運航面からの安全の確保を図る。

そのため，船員，水先人，旅客船事業者及び内航海運業者の資質の向上，船舶の運航管理等の充実に関する運航労務監査の強化，重大事故発生時の再発防止対策，「運輸安全マネジメント制度」の充実，また，船舶所有者が自主的に船員災害に係るリスクアセスメントとPDCAサイクルという一連の過程を定めて継続的な改善を行うことにより安全衛生水準の継続的かつ段階的な向上を図る「船内労働安全衛生マネジメントシステム」のガイドラインの普及促進等を図る等，船員災害防止に向けた計画的な取組を行う。

また、海難の再発防止や被害の軽減に資するよう、引き続き的確な原因究明を行う。

① 船舶の運航管理等の充実

② 船員の資質の確保

③ 船員災害防止対策の推進

④ 水先制度による安全の確保

⑤ 外国船舶の監督の推進

⑥ 最新の航海機器の導入等

## 3 小型船舶等の安全対策の充実

漁船，プレジャーボートなどの小型船舶等による海難が海難全体の7割を占めることから，マリンレジャー愛好者，漁業関係者が自ら安全意識を高めることに加え，安全に運航できる環境の整備及び救助体制の強化が不可欠である。

このため，ボートパーク等の整備，水域の秩序ある利用，ライフジャケットの着用，ヘリコプターを活用した機動救難体制の充実等を推進する。

さらに，船員災害防止基本計画及び船員災害防止実施計画に基づき，高年齢船員や漁船等の死傷災害防止対策を推進する。

① 小型船舶等の安全対策の推進

② ライフジャケット着用率の向上

③ プレジャーボート等の安全対策の推進

④ ボートパーク，フィッシャリーナ等の整備

⑤ 漁船等の安全対策の推進
## 第2節

## 総合戦略の推進

## 1 国家戦略の推進

政府は、平成13年1月に、「高度情報通信ネットワーク社会形成基本法」（平成12年法律第144号）を施行するとともに、「高度情報通信ネットワーク社会推進戦略本部」（IT総合戦略本部）を設置し、高度情報通信ネットワーク社会の形成に関する施策を迅速かつ重点的に推進している。

平成25年1月、IT政策の立て直しに関する安倍総理大臣からの指示を受け、平成25年3月よりIT総合戦略本部の下に「IT戦略起草委員会」を設置して検討を行い、同年6月、IT総合戦略本部決定を経て、新たなIT戦略（世界最先端IT国家創造宣言）を閣議決定した（第1章第1節参照）。

## 2 クラウドサービスの展開

## （1） ジャパン・クラウド・コンソーシアムの活動

クラウドサービスの普及を産学官が連携して総合力を発揮しつつ推進するため、平成22年12月に、民間団体「ジャパン・クラウド・コンソーシアム $ ^{*1} $ 」（オブザーバー：総務省、経済産業省及び農林水産省）が設立された。ジャパン・クラウド・コンソーシアムは、平成25年4月現在で400を超える企業・団体等が参画しており、9つのワーキンググループにおいて具体的なサービスモデルの検討、情報の共有、新たな課題の抽出等を行っている（図表5-2-2-1）。

また、平成25年1月には、防災・減災に役立つクラウドサービスの利活用事例を取りまとめ、「防災・減災等に資するICTサービス事例集」を公表している。

## 図表5-2-2-1 ジャパン・クラウド・コンソーシアム

多様な企業、団体、業種の枠を超え、わが国におけるクラウドサービスの普及・発展を産学官が連携して推進するため、民間団体「ジャパン・クラウド・コンソーシアム」(JCC)を設立。

本コンソーシアムは、クラウドサービス関連企業・団体等におけるクラウドサービスの普及・発展に向けた様々な取組みについて、横断的な情報の共有、新たな課題の抽出、解決に向けた活動等を推進。

総務省及び経済産業省は、本コンソーシアムのオブザーバとして活動を支援。

## (2) ASP・SaaS・クラウド普及促進協議会

ASP・SaaSやクラウドの普及促進を図るため、総務省は、特定非営利活動法人ASP・SaaS・クラウドコンソーシアム（ASPIC：ASP-SaaS-Cloud Consortium）と共同で設立した「ASP・SaaS・クラウド普及促進協議会 $ ^{*2} $ 」において、社会資本分野などの分野ごとにASP・SaaS・クラウドサービスを提供、利用する際の留意すべき事項等を検討している。最近の取組は以下のとおりである（図表5-2-2-2）。
図表5-2-2-2 ASP・SaaS・クラウド普及促進協議会関連の最近の取組

年月	項目	目的等	策定者
平成23年7月	「クラウドサービス利用者の保護とコンプライアンス確保のためのガイド」の策定	企業等でのクラウドサービスの利用を促進する観点から、企業の営業秘密等の保護とコンプライアンス確保に資するため、サービス調達の手順に従って発生すると考えられるリスクを整理し、契約に先立ち事前確認しておくべき重要事項を明示したガイドを策定	ASPIC
平成23年12月	「データセンターの安全・信頼性に係る情報開示指針（第2版）」の策定（改定）	クラウドサービスの安全・信頼性を向上させることを目的として、データセンター事業者が提供するデータセンター施設に関する項目について「ASP・SaaS データセンター促進協議会」と連携して検討し、結果を踏まえ改定	総務省
「IaaS・PaaSの安全・信頼性に係る情報開示指針」の策定	IaaS・PaaS事業者が提供するIaaS・PaaSサービスの比較・評価・選択の支援	総務省
（「クラウドサービスの安全・信頼性に係る情報開示指針」）	「ASP・SaaSの安全・信頼性に係る情報開示指針」、「データセンターの安全・信頼性に係る情報開示指針」、「IaaS・PaaSの安全・信頼性に係る情報開示指針」をあわせて総称	総務省
平成24年7月	「社会資本分野におけるデータガバナンスガイド」の策定	道路、橋梁、下水道、建物等の社会資本分野において、ASP・SaaS事業者が社会資本データ（台帳）の蓄積・管理（一次利用）、及び二次利用等のサービスを提供する際に留意すべき事項を、利用促進の観点からカイドとしてとりまとめたもの	総務省
「地盤情報の二次利用ガイド」の策定	ASP・SaaS事業者が、国・自治体等の地盤情報（ポーリングデータ等）をもとに、「データマネジメント」、「ブラットフォーム提供」、「付加価値サービス」等のサービスを提供する際に、順守すべき事項、留意すべき事項をカイドとしてとりまとめたもの	総務省
「ASP・SaaS・クラウドによる米・米加工品トレーサビリティサービス提供の手引き」の策定	米殻トレーサビリティ法が求める取引記録の作成・保存に係るトレーサビリティ管理のための記録と情報照会のモデルをASP・SaaS事業者向けに手引書としてまとめたもの	総務省
「ASP・SaaS事業者連携ガイド」の策定	複数のASP・SaaS事業者同士が連携してサービスを提供する際に、事業者間で留意すべき事項や事業者・利用者間で留意すべき事項を連携ガイドとしてとりまとめたもの	総務省

## (3) 「クラウドテストベッドコンソーシアム」の活動

総務省は、中小企業、ベンチャー企業等による新たなクラウドサービスの開発を支援するため、平成23年度から「中小・ベンチャー企業向け先進的クラウドサービス創出支援事業」を実施している。

同事業では、中小企業等のクラウドサービス開発を支援する環境を整備するとともに、独立行政法人情報通信研究機構及び独立行政法人統計センターと連携して、中小企業等に対してインキュベーション施策等を提供するための、平成23年12月に「クラウドテストベッドコンソーシアム $ ^{*3} $ (CTC)」を設立し、平成25年3月末時点で、61の企業及び10の団体が参加している。

CTCでは、会員にクラウドサービスの開発環境となる仮想マシンや、統計データを機械が判読可能かつ2次利用が容易な形で提供する仕組であるWebAPI（統計データベースAPI）機能を試験的に提供している。さらに、会員からの提案に基づき「統計活用ワーキンググループ」を設置し、統計情報のビジネス活用に向けた議論等を進めているほか、平成25年2月に統計データ及び統計データベースAPI機能を活用したサービスに関するアイデアを広く募集する「統計データベース・アイデアソン」を開催した。IT総合戦略本部等において、オープンデータに関する議論が本格化しており、CTCの統計情報を活用した取組は、我が国のオープンデータの先行事例の1つである。

引き続き、CTCの活動を推進し、我が国の中小企業、ベンチャー企業等のクラウドサービス創出を支援していく。

## （4） 研究開発・標準化等

中小を含む複数のクラウドが高度に連携し、広域災害時において全国から余力のあるクラウドを探し出し、最適な通信経路で迅速に連携させ、業務処理を円滑に継続させる、高信頼で省電力なクラウド間連携技術の研究開発を実施した。

この研究開発成果を基に、グローバルクラウド基盤連携技術フォーラム（GICTF）と連携しつつ、複数のクラウド間を連携する機能等を国際電気通信連合電気通信標準化部門（ITU－T）に提案するなどの取組が行われている。

## (5) クラウド政策対話等

クラウドコンピューティングに関する各国との政策対話を継続的に実施している。平成24年10月に開催された「インターネットエコノミーに関する日米政策協力対話（第4回局長級会合）」では、日米産業界の代表からクラウドコンピューティングの推進に係る課題を整理した報告書が提出された後、平成24年初頭に設置された