Silviase/jgov_v1.4_full_ann huggingface dataset:
The number of newly entering foreign nationals with the recently established status of residence of “Technical Intern Training (1)” in 2011 reached 66,025, an increase of 40,023 (153.9%) from 2010.

According to statistics by nationality (place of origin), the largest number of newly entering foreign nationals with the status of residence of “Technical Intern Training (1)” came from China at 49,311, accounting for 74.7% of the total. China was followed by Viet Nam (6,632, or 10.0%), the Philippines (3,755, or 5.7%), and Indonesia (3,536, or 5.4%). Compared with the level in 2010, those from China increased by 29,178 (144.9%), those from Viet Nam increased by 4,448 (203.7%), those from the Philippines increased by 2,543 (209.8%), and those from Indonesia increased by 2,082 (143.2%).

## (E) Foreign Nationals Entering Japan with the Status of Residence of Resident Activities Based on Civil Status or Position (Data Section 2, Statistics (1) 13-1, 14-1)

When foreign nationals enter Japan for resident activities based on civil status or position, one of three types of statuses of residence namely “Spouse or Child of Japanese National”, “Spouse or Child of Permanent Resident”, or “Long-Term Resident” will be given. (Note that no foreign nationals newly entering Japan can obtain the status of residence of “Permanent Resident” because that status is granted only to foreign nationals who have lived in Japan for a certain period of time (Article 7, Paragraph (1) (ii) of the Immigration Control Act)).

The number of new arrivals with the status of residence of “Spouse or Child of Japanese National” reached 10,766 in 2011, while that of new arrivals with the status of residence of “Spouse or Child of Permanent Resident” reached 1,392. In 2011, the number for “Spouse or Child of Japanese National” decreased by 686 (6.0%) from a year earlier, while that for “Spouse or Child of Permanent Resident” increased by 324 (30.3%) from a year earlier.

The number of new arrivals under “Long-Term Resident” decreased by 367 (4.5%) from a year earlier to 7,811 in 2011 (Chart 9). According to statistics by nationality (place of origin), Brazil occupied the largest number of such new arrivals, standing at 2,356 (30.2%), followed by the Philippines at 2,184 (28.0%), and China at 1,815 (23.2%).
Chart 9: Changes in the number of new arrivals by the status of residence categories for activities based on civil status or position

## (2) Special Cases of Landing (except for Landing Permission for Temporary Refuge)

The number of persons who received permission for special cases of landing in 2011 was 1,915,705, a decrease of 56,385 (2.9%) from 2010.

Among those, the number of persons who received landing permission for crew members
in 2011 reached 1,897,714 which accounts for 99.1% of the total number of permission for special cases of landing and occupies the largest percentage, followed by the number of persons who received permission for landing at a port of call of 15,058 (0.8%). (Table 2)

Table 2: Changes in the number of cases of permission for special cases of landing

Year	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011
Division
Total	2,089,456	2,079,981	1,888,704	1,972,090	1,915,705
Permission for Landing at a Port of Call	41,680	31,908	34,658	24,355	15,058
Permission for Landing in Transit	371	451	394	458	2,296
Landing Permission for Crew Members	2,047,033	2,047,221	1,853,267	1,946,807	1,897,714
Permission for Emergency Landing	300	314	368	381	351
Landing Permission Due to Distress	72	87	17	89	286

The following are permission for special cases of landing by category.

### A. Permission for landing at a port of call

The number of foreign nationals who received permission for landing at a port of call in 2011 was 15,058, a decrease of 9,297 (38.2%) from 2010.

### B. Permission for landing in transit

The number of foreign nationals who received permission for landing in transit in 2011 was 2,296, an increase of 1,838 (401.3%) from 2010.

### C. Landing permission for crew members

The number of foreign nationals who received landing permission for crew members in 2011 was 1,897,714, a decrease of 49,093 (2.5%) from 2010.

### D. Permission for emergency landing

The number of foreign nationals who received permission for emergency landing in 2011 was 351, a decrease of 30 (7.9%) from 2010.

### E. Landing permission due to distress

The number of foreign nationals who received landing permission due to distress in 2011 was 286, an increase of 197 (221.3%) from 2010.

On-board search
## (3) Foreign Nationals Leaving Japan

The number of so-called “departing Japan without reserving re-entry” foreign nationals was 5,414,994, a decline of 2,450,087 (31.2%) from 2010, when the number marked a record high.

Among them, the number of persons leaving Japan with a period of stay shorter than 15 days was 4,892,797, which accounts for 90.4% of the total or almost all. Further, the number of persons leaving Japan with a period of stay shorter than 3 months was 5,236,151, which accounts for 96.7% of the total. (Table 3)

Table 3 Changes in the number of foreign nationals leaving Japan re-entry nonreserving by period of stay

Year	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011
Period of Stay
Total	7,552,966	7,592,261	6,046,150	7,865,081	5,414,994
Within 15 days	6,922,329	6,958,485	5,423,103	7,229,477	4,892,797
More than 15 days to 1 month	240,710	252,854	237,515	266,227	185,550
More than 1 month to 3 months	223,473	207,055	179,882	187,725	157,804
More than 3 months to 6 months	36,924	34,243	30,638	29,777	25,972
More than 6 months to 1 year	49,978	49,009	48,709	43,085	38,686
More than 1 year to 3 years	59,554	68,933	85,253	80,770	84,909
More than 3 years	17,630	18,618	35,945	24,976	26,308
Unknown	2,368	3,064	5,105	3,044	2,968

## 2 Judgment for Landing

## (1) Receipt and Findings of Hearings for Landing and Filing of Objections

The procedure for the landing examination consists of three steps: landing examination by an immigration inspector, hearing for landing by a special inquiry officer, and decision by the Minister of Justice. The second and third step, namely the hearing for landing and the decision of the Minister of Justice, are jointly called the “judgment for landing”. Any foreign national who is found not to meet the conditions for landing in Japan in the landing examination conducted by an immigration inspector will be handed over to a special inquiry officer, who will conduct a hearing for landing (Article 7, Paragraph (4) and Article 9, Paragraph (5) of the Immigration Control Act) $ ^{*} $ . (Chart 10)

Hearing for landing
Chart 10: Flow of landing examination

The number of new cases for the hearing for landing (the number of cases which are assigned to a special inquiry officer on account of a foreign national not having been granted landing permission by an immigration inspector) in 2011 was 10,954, an increase of 3,589 (48.7%) from the previous year.

The most common cases were those in which foreign nationals were required to undergo a hear-
ing for landing on suspicion of having submitted a false landing application, such as claiming to be a tourist or a similar status while their real purpose of entry was unlawful work or other illegal activities (not meeting the conditions provided for in Article 7, Paragraph (1), item (ii) of the Immigration Control Act). Such cases numbered 8,633, an increase of 3,528 (69.1%) from 2010 and accounted for 78.8% of the total of new cases in 2011. This was followed by cases which were assigned on account of foreign nationals who were suspected of not having valid passports or visas, such as trying to enter Japan using a forged or altered passport (not meeting the conditions provided for in Article 7, Paragraph (1), item (i) of the Act). Such cases numbered 1,526, an increase of 410 (36.7%) from 2010 and accounted for 13.9% of the total number of new cases. Furthermore, cases which were assigned to special inquiry officers on suspicion of falling under one of the reasons for denial of landing (not meeting the conditions provided for in Article 7, Paragraph (1), item (iv) of the Act) numbered 788, a decrease of 349 (30.7%) from 2010, accounting for 7.2% of the total of new cases in 2011. In 2011, two persons were handed over to special inquiry officers for refusing to provide biometric information, which became mandatory for foreign passengers to provide on and after November 20, 2007 (those who fall under Article 7, Paragraph (4) of the Act), and two persons were handed over in 2011. (Table 4)

Table 4: Changes in the number of new cases for the hearing for landing by conditions for landing

(Cases)

Year Conditions for landing	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011
Total	18,473	12,660	9,930	7,365	10,954
Using fake passports or visas (Not conforming to Article 7-(1)-(i))	2,041	1,365	1,300	1,116	1,526
False landing application (Not conforming to Article 7-(1)-(ii))	13,798	9,722	7,470	5,105	8,633
Not meeting the period of stay (Not conforming to Article 7-(1)-(iii))	4	7	0	6	5
Falling under the reasons for denial of landing (Not conforming to Article 7-(1)-(iv))	2,628	1,563	1,160	1,137	788
Not providing personal identification information (Not conforming to Article 7-(4))	2	3	0	1	2

Looking at the processing of the hearing for landing in 2011 $ ^{**} $ , the number of cases where landing was permitted as it was found to have grounds for landing permission during the hearing, decreased to 2,718 cases (6.4%) from 2010.

Also, cases in which foreign nationals were ordered to leave Japan because they were found not to meet the conditions for landing at the hearing for landing by a special inquiry officer and who later consented to the findings numbered 2,155, a decrease of 19.1% from 2010. Cases in which foreign
nationals filed objections with the Minister of Justice because they were not satisfied with the finding by a special inquiry officer that they did not meet the conditions for landing numbered 5,733, an increase of 334.7% from 1,319 in 2010. (Table 5)

Table 5: Changes in the processing of the hearing for landing

Year	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011
Division	18,496	12,661	9,938	7,304	10,993
Total	6,003	4,405	3,664	2,903	2,718
Landing permission	8,326	5,537	3,731	2,662	2,155
Expulsion order	3,097	1,967	2,014	1,319	5,733
Filing of objection	307	368	249	231	209
Withdrawal landing action	763	384	280	189	178

$ ^{*} $ “Others” includes cases where the jurisdiction has changed or the application has been withdrawn owing to the departure, escape or death of the applicant during the hearing for landing by the special inquiry officer.

## (2) Foreign Nationals Who Fall under Any of the Reasons for Denial of Landing

In principle, foreign nationals denied permission for landing are those who (1) are ordered to leave Japan after a hearing for landing or (2) are ordered to leave Japan after the results of filing an objection with the Minister of Justice.

The number of foreign nationals denied permission for landing in 2011 was 2,992, a 14.2% decrease from 3,489 in 2010.

According to statistics by nationality (place of origin), the largest number of foreign nationals denied permission for landing came consistently from R.O. Korea standing at 1,082, (36.2% of the total), followed by China standing at 412 (13.8%) and China (Taiwan) standing at 214 (7.2%). The top three countries accounted for about 57% of the total. (Chart 11)
Chart 11: Changes in the number of foreign nationals who were denied landing by major nationality (place of origin)

## (3) Special Permission for Landing

The Minister of Justice may, even if he/she finds that the objection filed is without reason, grant special permission for landing if the applicant (1) has received re-entry permission, or (2) has entered Japan under the control of another person due to human trafficking, or (3) if the Minister of Justice finds special circumstances which warrant granting special permission for landing. (Article 12, Paragraph (1) of the Immigration Control Act)

Cases in which the Minister of Justice granted special landing permission to foreign nationals denied permission as a result of filing an objection in 2011 numbered 5,416, an increase of 455.5% from 975 in 2010. (Table 6) This sharp increase resulted from the fact that upon the occurrence of the flooding in Thailand in October 2011, special permission for landing was granted to the Thai employees of Japanese-companies in Thailand that suffered damage as temporary emergency measures (see Part 2, Chapter 10, Section 2).
Table 6: Changes in the number of filings of objections and decisions by the Minister of Justice

Year Division	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011
Filing of Objection (*)	3,103	1,973	2,022	1,326	5,754
Decisions	With reason	16	10	5	18	18
Without reason (Order to leave Japan)	513	492	361	291	303
Special Permission for Landing	2,492	1,421	1,629	975	5,416
Withdrawal	76	42	20	21	8
Outstanding	6	8	7	21	9

$ ^{*} $ “Filing of objections” includes the number of outstanding cases of the previous year.

## 3 Pre-entry Examination

## (1) Advance Consultation for Issuance of Visas

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs, which is in charge of visa administration, coordinates with the Ministry of Justice, which is in charge of immigration administration, with regard to the entry of foreign nationals. The Minister of Foreign Affairs consults with the Minister of Justice when necessary, on whether a visa should be issued to a certain foreign national. This is called advance consultation for issuance of visas.

The number of cases of advance consultation for visa issuance was 6,325 in 2011, showing an increase of 1,710 from 4,615 in 2010 (37.1%).

## (2) Certificate of Eligibility

The system of the certificate of eligibility was introduced by the Act to Amend the Immigration Control Act, etc. which put into effect in 1990, with the aim of allowing foreign nationals who intend to work, study or live with someone over the mid to long term or their agents (e.g. accepting organizations) to undergo examination in advance on some of landing requirements, including eligibility for status of residence and to receive a certificate from a regional immigration bureau if they qualify. This system enables any foreign national who presents or submits a certificate of eligibility to obtain a visa and permission for landing quickly.

In 2011, the number of cases of applications for a certificate of eligibility was 238,270, a decrease of 10,253 (4.1%) from 2010.

Further, the advance consultation for issuance of visas and the examination of certificate of eligibility are jointly called pre-entry examination. In recent years, the number of processed cases of application for issuing a certificate of eligibility has steadily occupied the total number of processed cases of pre-entry examination. (Table 7)

Table 7: Changes in the number of cases of pre-entry examination

(Cases)

Year	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011
Division
Advance consultation for issuance of a visa	6,721	6,661	6,505	4,615	6,325
Application for Certificate of Eligibility	353,270	329,032	273,989	248,523	238,270
# Section 2 ☐ Foreign Nationals Residing in Japan

## The Number of Registered Foreign Nationals Residing in Japan

While the number of registered foreign nationals residing in Japan indicates the state of the "stock", which shows how many foreign nationals are living in Japan as of a certain point in time and what is their purpose, the statistics of foreign nationals on entry and departure from Japan show the "flow" of foreign nationals to and from Japan.

In principle, every foreign national who has entered Japan must apply for registration to the mayor or head of the city, town, or village in which his/her residence is located, in accordance with the Alien Registration Act (hereinafter referred to as the "Registration Act"), within 90 days of the date of his/her landing (Article 3 of the Registration Act). However, most foreign nationals who have entered Japan with the status of residence of "Temporary Visitor", accounting for more than 90% of the total number of foreign entrants, leave Japan without registering.

Therefore, the registered number of foreign nationals with the status of residence of “Temporary Visitor” is small (accounting for only 1.2% of the total number of registered foreign nationals as of the end of 2011). As a result, the statistics on the foreign nationals registered in Japan can be considered as the data mainly for foreign nationals who stay in Japan for a relatively long period of time for such purposes as employment, study or cohabitation, living a “settled life” in the local community.

Further, the following persons are not the subject of alien registration: persons with permission for provisional landing, persons with special cases of landing (excluding those who received landing permission for temporary refuge), diplomats, etc. having the status of residence of “Diplomat”, tourists on official purposes for a foreign government having the status of residence of “Official” and military personnel, and civilian employees and their family members who fall under the Agreement under the Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security between Japan and the United States of America, regarding Facilities and Areas and the Status of the U.S. Armed Forces in Japan and other agreements.

## (1) The Total Number of Registered Foreign Nationals Residing in Japan

The total number of registered foreign nationals residing in Japan had increased every year up until 2009, but has been on a decline ever since. As of the end of 2011, the number of registered foreign nationals was 2,078,508, decreased by 55,643 (2.6%) from the end of 2010. However, the number increased by about 1.2 times compared to the end of 2001, ten years ago, which means that it has been on the rise over the long run.

Registered foreign nationals accounted for 1.63% of the total Japanese population as of the end of 2011, when the total population of Japan was 127,799,000 people. The ratio decreased by a basis point 0.04% from 1.67% at the end of 2010. However, it increased by a basis point 0.23% from the end of 2001, which means that it has been on the rise over the long run. (Chart 12)
Chart 12: Changes in the number of registered foreign nationals and its percentage of the total population in Japan (%)

(*1) "Number of registered foreign nationals" as of December 31 each year.

(*2) The "percentage of the total population of Japan" is calculated based on the population as of October 1 every year taken from the "Population Estimates" and the "Population Census" of the Statistics Bureau, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications.

## (2) The Number of Registered Foreign Nationals by Nationality (Place of Origin)

According to the statistics of the number of registered foreign nationals by nationality (place of origin) as of the end of 2011, China marked the largest number at 674,879, accounting for 32.5% of the total. This was followed by Korea (545,401 accounting for 26.2%), Brazil (210,032 accounting for 10.1%), the Philippines (209,376 accounting for 10.1%), and Peru (52,843 accounting for 2.5%).

Looking at yearly changes, we find that the number of registered foreign nationals from China had been on a rise, but turned to decrease in 2011, showing a decline of 12,277 (1.8%) from 2010. Meanwhile, the number of registered foreign nationals from Korea has been continuously decreasing and decreased by 20,588 (3.6%) as of the end of 2011, as compared to the end of 2009. The number of registered foreign nationals from Brazil, which has been decreasing, after peaking in the end of 2007, decreased by 106,935 (33.7%) from 2007. While the number of registered foreign nationals from the Philippines showed a decrease at the end of 2005, it had been on an increasing trend. However, by the end of 2011, it decreased continuously from the previous year, down by 805 (0.4%) compared with the end of 2010. (Chart 13)
Chart 13: Changes in the number of registered foreign nationals by major nationality (place of origin)

## (3) The Number of Registered Foreign Nationals by Purpose (Status of Residence)

### A. “Permanent Resident” and “Special Permanent Resident” (Data Section 2, Statistics (1) 12)

According to the statistics of the number of registered foreign nationals by status of residence, those with the status of “Permanent Resident” (excluding Special Permanent Resident) were the largest group as of the end of 2011. The number of permanent residents was 598,440, an increase of 33,351 (5.9%) from the end of 2010, accounting for 28.8% of the total. (Table 8)
Table 8: Changes in the number of registered foreign nationals by status of residence

(People)

Year	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011
Status of Residence
Total	2,152,973	2,217,426	2,186,121	2,134,151	2,078,508
Professor	8,436	8,333	8,295	8,050	7,859
Artist	448	461	490	480	461
Religious Activities	4,732	4,601	4,448	4,232	4,106
Journalist	279	281	271	248	227
Investor/Business Manager	7,916	8,895	9,840	10,908	11,778
Legal/Accounting Services	145	154	161	178	169
Medical Services	174	199	220	265	322
Researcher	2,276	2,285	2,372	2,266	2,103
Instructor	9,832	10,070	10,129	10,012	10,106
Engineer	44,684	52,273	50,493	46,592	42,634
Specialist in Humanities/International Services	61,763	67,291	69,395	68,467	67,854
Intra-company Transferee	16,111	17,798	16,786	16,140	14,636
Entertainer	15,728	13,031	10,966	9,247	6,265
Skilled Labor	21,261	25,863	29,030	30,142	31,751
Technical Intern Training 1-(a)	2,707	3,991
Technical Intern Training 1-(b)	47,716	57,187
Technical Intern Training 2-(a)	1,848	2,726
Technical Intern Training 2-(b)	47,737	78,090
Cultural Activities	3,014	2,795	2,780	2,637	2,209
Temporary Visitor	49,787	40,407	33,378	29,093	23,978
College Student	132,460	138,514	145,909	201,511	188,605
Pre-college Student	38,130	41,313	46,759
Trainee	88,086	86,826	65,209	9,343	3,388
Dependent	98,167	107,641	115,081	118,865	119,359
Designated Activities	104,488	121,863	130,636	72,374	22,751
Permanent Resident	439,757	492,056	533,472	565,089	598,440
Spouse or Child of Japanese National	256,980	245,497	221,923	196,248	181,617
Spouse or Child of Permanent Resident	15,365	17,839	19,570	20,251	21,647
Long-Term Resident	268,604	258,498	221,771	194,602	177,983
Special Permanent Resident	430,229	420,305	409,565	399,106	389,085
Without Acquiring Status of Residence	13,960	13,510	12,376	9,874	3,506
Temporary Refuge	30	30	30	30	29
Others	20,131	18,797	14,766	7,893	3,646

$ ^{*} $ Status of Residence (meaning the status of residence provided for by the Immigration Control Act or the status of “special permanent resident” which allows residence)

Looking at changes in the number of permanent residents which has steadily increased during the period between the end of 2007 and the end of 2011, it increased by 158,683 (36.1%) at the end of 2011 from 439,757 as of the end of 2007.

According to statistics by nationality (place of origin), the largest number of permanent residents came from China. The number of Chinese permanent residents was 184,216 as of the end of 2011, followed by Brazil, the Philippines, Korea and Peru. Further, the numbers