○ Regarding marine fishery resources, 19% were overexploited, 8% were depleted, and 1% was recovering from depletion. Approximately half (52%) were fully exploited, while 20% were moderately exploited or underexploited.

Changes in World Fishery Resource Conditions (Left) and Examples of Resource Conditions (Right)

Global trends in the state of world marine stocks since 1974

Condition	Examples of resources
Overexploited or depleted	Bluefin tuna (Atlantic Ocean)Pacific Cod (Northwestern Atlantic Ocean)Anchoveta (Southeastern Pacific Ocean)etc.
Fully exploited	Saithe $ ^{*} $ (Northwestern Atlantic Ocean)Sockeye salmon (Northwestern Pacific Ocean)Banana prawn (Western and Central Pacific Ocean)
Moderately exploited or underexploited	Bonito (Indian Ocean)Squid (Southeastern Pacific Ocean)Yellowfin tuna (Indian Ocean)

* Saithe: A type of codfish

Source: “The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture (SOFIA: 2008),” “Review of the state of world marine fishery resources,” FAO

## (3) Foreign countries’ fishery resource management

The Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act, the basic law governing fisheries management in the United States, was amended in January 2007 for the first time in 10 years. The amended Act stipulates strengthened resource management efforts, including eradication of overfishing, enhanced stock recovery, promotion of market-based management tools, and the expanded role of science in the decision-making process.

In the European Union (EU), resources are managed through a combination of the Common Fisheries Policy, a framework shared by all EU member countries, and individual fisheries management systems of each member country.

## (4) Japan’s bilateral fishery relations

○ Japan conducts its fishing operations in the waters off South Korea and China, and they in the waters off Japan, under its bilateral fishery agreements with the two countries.

○ Japan conducts its fishing operations based on three intergovernmental agreements with Russia:

(1) The Agreement between the Government of Japan and the Government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Concerning the Mutual Relations in the Field of Fisheries off the Coasts of the Two Countries

(2) The Agreement between the Government of Japan and the Government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on Cooperation in Fishery

(3) The Agreement between the Government of Japan and the Government of the Russian Federation on some matters of cooperation in the field of fishing operations for marine living resources

○ Japanese fishing vessels operate in the 200-mile fishing zones of the Pacific island countries and African countries under bilateral government-to-government or private-level agreements.

## (5) Japan’s multilateral fishery relations

At the annual meeting of the International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT), the Total Allowable Catch for bluefin tuna in the Eastern Atlantic, including the Mediterranean, was decided at 22,000 metric tonnes for 2009, 19,950 metric tonnes for 2010 and 18,500 metric tonnes for 2011.

The annual meeting of the Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission (WCPFC) agreed on measures by fishery type, with the aim of reducing the catch of bigeye tuna by 30% in the three years from 2009.

## (6) Current conditions of overseas fisheries cooperation

Japan implements grant aid for fisheries and technical cooperation with other countries through the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). The Overseas Fishery Cooperation Foundation imparts techniques and know-how to fishery operations of coastal countries. Japan also provides support to the Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center (SEAFDEC).