A view downstream from the existing Macara Bridge showing pre-construction conditions (as of October 2010). Peru is on the left, and Ecuador is on the right. (Photo: Nippon Koei)

supports these countries by transferring technology and training experts to enable smooth implementation of the system.

Moreover, Japan dispatched the Medical Team of Japan Disaster Relief Team and Japanese Self-Defense Force Unit immediately after the earthquake in Haiti, provided medical aid, food, water, and shelters through the cooperation with international organizations and supported relief activities of the Japanese NGOs. At the International Conference towards a New Future for Haiti held in New York in March 2010, Japan pledged as

Terminology

## * South-South Cooperation

Cooperation provided by advanced developing countries to other developing countries, using their own personnel and experiences in development. It is conducted among mainly countries that have similar natural environments and cultural and economic circumstances, and are at a similar stage of development, etc. In addition, support by donors or international organizations for cooperation between such developing countries is referred to as "triangular cooperation." (See page 26)

assistance of $100 million, and has been assisting Haiti's national reconstruction, focusing on education, capacity building, health and medical care, and food and agriculture.

Further, after the earthquake in February 2010, Japan provided to Chile, emergency grant aid such as power generators, tents, medical equipment, and the construction of temporary hospitals. In December 2010, when Colombia and Venezuela were suffering from flood caused by continual rain, Japan provided emergency relief goods such as tents and blankets.

## $ ^{*} $ Third Country Training

Training provided by developing countries that receive funds and technical assistance from donor countries and international organizations, accept trainees from other developing countries, and transfer/disseminate development experience, knowledge, and technology. Japan provides technical and resource support for such efforts.

## $ ^{*} $ Third Country Specialist

A system for dispatching personnel from developing countries as specialists to other developing countries that are the target of cooperation, for the purpose of providing technical cooperation effectively.

## Ecuador/Peru

## “Project for Construction of the New Macara International Bridge” Grant Aid (March 2010 - Current)

Since the border dispute in Peru and Ecuador ended and a peace agreement signed in 1998, the government of Peru and Ecuador formulated a 10-year plan for the purpose of strengthening solidarity and supporting development in border regions of the both countries. As a symbolic project to encourage the consolidation of peace between the two countries, Japan decided to contribute up to ¥1.6 billion in grant aid for the construction of a new 40-ton capacity bridge to replace the current dilapidated Macara Bridge over the border that was a part of the 10-year plan. Japan is working steadily on the construction, aiming for its completion at the end of 2012. The project is expected to promote stable distribution and transport of the workforce, develop the region, mitigate regional disparity, strengthen solidarity in the border region, and encourage the consolidation of peace of the two countries.

Status of the site as of February 2011 (Photo: Nippon Koei)