Existing city block: An existent congested residential area in Tokyo Two-story wooden house(Partly RC)

Building-to-land ratio: 60%,

Plot ratio: 150%

Site area: Approximately 8,000m $ ^{2} $

## Figure3-3-7 Overall Image of the New City Block and Improved Points

RC medium-rise cluster housing

South wing: 3-4 stories, North wing: 5-6 stories

Gross floor area increased by 20%

## Table3-3-5

Allocate a community space under a zelkova (15-20m high) with a big crown

Ensure a public space by an artificial ground (Upper part: Greening (vegetable garden), Under part: Zelkova meeting place and parking lot)

Regenerate a creek between south and north residential area by opening blind ditches

In the morning and evening, grandmas and children pour creek water on plants and sidewalks

## All residential buildings facing south

Place waterwheel mills on the creek and generate electricity for street lights in the area

residential building allocated following the shape of the land, considering wind paths

Lay down heat exchange piles for air conditioning in the ground

## Building Performance Scheduled for Introduction (equipment items)

Pave sidewalks with water-retentive pavement, and utilize rain and creek water for watering

A line of deciduous trees to secure sunlight in the winter

Building performance	Present	Year of 2010	Year of 2030
Insulation and air proof performance	Before the Energy Efficiency Standards (year of 1980), partly the Energy Efficiency Standards	The next-generation energy efficiency standards (year of 2001)	same as on the left
Utilization of heat storage	N/A	Direct heat gain	same as on the left
Specification of apertural area	Normal aluminium sash	Wooden sash + Low-E Glass	same as on the left

(equipment items)

40% of the city clock are allocated for green spaces

## Table3-3-6

Family structure	Percentage
Type A: Family of four (Husband, non-working wife, 2 children)	20 percent
Type B: Family of four (Husband, working wife, 2 children)	30 percent
Type C: Family of two (Husband, working wife)	20 percent
Type D: Family of two (Elderly couple)	30 percent
Total: Approximately 60 houses, 180 people

## Family Structure of All Houses

## Figure3-3-9

Surface Temperature Distribution During Summer Daytime (12 p.m.)

Soils for planting

Protective concrete

Waterproof layer

Smoothened mortar

Temperature: 32.3℃

25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65

Surface Temperature[ $ ^{\circ} $ C]

• On the south side, put 50cm window roofs and pergolas to shield summer sunlights. In the winter, store heats in room floors by direct heat gain and warm room inside.

## Upper story level:

Wooden insulation sash + Low-E glass at apertural areas

Shield sunlight coming into rooms by putting vines from a roof

Lower story level:

Shield sunlight coming into rooms by setting pergolas"

Ensure north-south wind path

Hot water supply

Lighting and electrical appliances

Air conditioning

Person in rooms (LDK)

Time

## Figure3-3-8 Specifications of New Residential Buildings

Green the roof top by putting vegetable gardens etc. Store rain water in water tanks for watering.

On terrace surfaces, install wooden decks, vegetable gardens and planting zones and utilize rain water for watering.

Install solar power generation (3kW per house)

On exterior walls, create aerated zone outside of external RC insulation materials, wrapping up with wooden panels from thinned woods

Put protective coating materials made from vegetal oil

Wooden panels (thinned woods)

Aerated zone

Water and wind proof moisture transmission sheets

High efficiency glass wool

Concrete building frame

• Assumption:

Protect morning and evening strong sunlights, by greening walls on the east and west side and installing external louvers at apertural areas

Tokyo, summer sunny day

Little Usage	Little Usage	Large Usage
Refrigerator, standby electricity, etc.	TV, etc.	Refrigerator, standby electricity, etc.	TV, lighting, refrigerator, standby electricity, etc.
ON	ON
Sleep in a bedroom	1	4	2	Away from home	2	3	4	1
0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23

south wind in the daytimemoderate wind in the night (sultry night)

## Figure3-3-10 Life Pattern of a Day (type B)

External temperature 32.3℃

• Wind direction:

At upper floors, solar power generation

At middle floors, solar heat collection panels (for water heater)

At lower floors, wall surface greening

• Buildings do not get high surface temperature by the effects of rooftop vegetable gardens, wall surface greening, etc., except for panels for solar power generation in the daytime.

• Surface temperature of the rooftop vegetable gardens watered in the morning and water-retentive pavement are kept at a low temperature, $ 38^{\circ} $ C, even at noon.

• At the surfaces of the tree-shaded water-retentive pavement and grasses, surface temperatures are kept lower, which is equal to or lower than air temperature.

Surface Temperature[ $ ^\circ $ C]

#### Figure3-3-11 Surface Temperature Distribution after Sunset in the Summer (8 p.m.)

• Thanks to the greened building walls on the east and west side, solar radiation heats in the daytime are not accumulated and surface temperatures get lower than air temperatures from the night to the morning.