● The Philippines: Inter-Agency Programme to Nurture Peace, Security and Decent Work through Local Development in Conflict Areas of the Philippines (Bondoc Peninsula)

Due to the impact from the activities of the Communist Party of Philippines/New People's Army (CPP-NPA), development assistance for the Bondoc Peninsula in the Philippines is limited, and the residents suffer from extreme poverty. For this reason, Japan has provided approximately US$2.56 million worth of support through the United Nations Trust Fund for Human Security. This has been provided to the Inter-Agency Programme to Nurture Peace, Security and Decent Work through Local Development in Conflict Areas of the Philippines (Bondoc Peninsula), which

## Human Resource Development for Peacebuilding

In light of the fact that the needs from peacebuilding in the field are becoming more diverse and complex, Japan has been carrying out the Program for Human Resource Development in Asia for Peacebuilding since FY2007 to foster civilian experts from Japan and other Asian countries capable of playing an active role in peacebuilding in the field. The program consists of the pillars of: Coursework in Japan, where trainees acquire the practical knowledge and techniques deemed

## (1) Japan's Assistance to Afghanistan and Pakistan

The destabilization of Afghanistan and Pakistan are problems for not only the two countries and the region, but for the entire world as well. Japan and the other members of the international community proactively provide support to both countries in order to ensure that Afghanistan does not devolve back into a hotbed

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Japan has consistently extended assistance to Afghanistan to date, with its total assistance for the country amounting to approximately US$2.47 billion since October 2001. In 2002, Japan hosted the International Conference on Reconstruction Assistance to Afghanistan (Tokyo Conference). The conference is being implemented by the International Labour Organization (ILO) and the Food and Agriculture Organization in cooperation with on-site NGOs and local communities. This initiative supports efforts for the promotion of human security for the residents of the Bondoc Peninsula through a number of cross-sectoral and comprehensive approaches. These include the provision of goods and technical support for the agricultural and fisheries industries, support for means of making a living in non-agricultural sectors, and new business development and training.

necessary for peacebuilding out in the field; Overseas Attachment, where trainees engage in administrative work at local offices such as those of international organizations in the peacebuilding field; and support for graduates to build careers. To date, about 110 Japanese and other Asians have taken part in the training course. Many program associates who completed the program are now actually working in the field of peacebuilding, in locations such as Sudan and Timor-Leste.

of terrorism once again. Pakistan plays an important role in eradicating terrorism, such as the fact that it conducts anti-terrorism mopping-up operations in the border region with Afghanistan. As such, its stability is also key to the peace and stability of the region and the international community.

secured commitments of more than US$4.5 billion from the international community, and Japan pledged to provide assistance of up to US$500 million. In November 2009, Japan unveiled the New Strategy to Counter the Threat of Terrorism, based on which Japan would provide assistance of approximately ¥80 billion