## (6) Transnational Crime and Terrorism

With globalization, the progress of high-tech devices, and the increasing movement of people, international organized crime and terrorism have become threats to the international community as a whole. International organized crime, including the illicit trade of narcotics and firearms, illegal immigration, trafficking in women and children, smuggling of cash, forgery of currencies, and money laundering, has been becoming increasingly diverse and sophisticated in its methods in recent years. As for terrorism, the power of the international terrorism organization Al Qaeda and related organizations can no longer be disregarded, and extremist activities by

##

As for measures against narcotics, Japan proactively participates in international meetings of the United Nations Commission on Narcotic Drugs, and supports developing countries centering on Asian countries, through contributions to the United Nations International Drug Control Programme (UNDCP) of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). In FY2009, projects such as monitoring of the illicit cultivation of poppy and investigations into the manufacture of illicit synthesized drugs in Myanmar, projects related to narcotics control and crime prevention in the Southeast Asia and Pacific region, and support for the creation of major plans for drug control in Laos were implemented through the use of contributions to the UNDCP Fund. Moreover, in March 2010 Japan used the FY2009 supplementary budget to contribute to the UNDCP Fund and the Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice Fund (CPCJF) of the UNODC to combat narcotics in Afghanistan. Japan also supports projects that include border management for Afghanistan and its surrounding countries, capacity building in the field of criminal justice, the development of alternative crops, and the prevention of narcotics use by young people.

organizations that have been influenced by the ideas and terrorism methods of Al Qaeda have become a new threat. In effectively responding to international organized crime and terrorism that are advancing across national borders, efforts by a single country would be limited. Thus, in addition to the strengthening of measures by each country, it is necessary for the international community as a whole to eliminate all legal loopholes through efforts such as support for capacity building in the justice and law enforcement fields in developing countries.

In regard to measures against human trafficking, Japan focuses on efforts for supporting palliative care for and the social reintegration of victims. In FY2009, Japan provided support focusing mainly on Southeast Asia through contributions to the CPCJF, including the implementation of a project of measures against human trafficking in Pattaya, Thailand (protecting vulnerable children from human trafficking and sexual exploitation). Furthermore, with regard to victims who are sheltered in Japan, Japan supports their safe repatriation and social reintegration in their home country through the International Organization for Migration (IOM). Japan also provides support for the Bali Process, which is a framework for the Asia-Pacific region concerning illegal immigration, human trafficking, and transnational crime.

Regarding measures against corruption, Japan utilized contributions to the CPCJF to hold a seminar on corruption countermeasures in Vietnam in October 2009. Officials from the Government of Vietnam and experts from international agencies took part in the seminar, where they discussed challenges regarding the effective implementation status of the United Nations Convention Against Corruption, which Vietnam has