### 5. History of Japan's Assistance to Developing Countries (1945 to August 2004)

Month/Year	Developments in Japanese Economic Cooperation	Month/Year	Developments in International Economic Cooperation and Major World Events
Jul. 1946	Provision of food and medical supplies to Japan under the Government Aid and Relief in Occupied Areas (GARIOA) plan begins.	Dec. 1945	Bretton Woods Convention comes into effect. International Monetary Fund (IMF) and International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD, "World Bank") are founded.
Aug. 1948	Provision of material supplies to Japan under the Economic Rehabilitation in Occupied Areas (EROA) plan begins.	Jun. 1947	European Recovery Program ("Marshall Plan") is announced.
Dec. 1950	Export Bank of Japan is founded (renamed Export-Import Bank of Japan in April 1952).	Jan. 1949	US announces Point Four Program. Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (COMECON) is established by the Soviet Union and five countries of Eastern Europe.
Jan. 1949	North Atlantic Treaty is signed to establish NATO. Colombo Plan for Cooperative Economic Development in South and Southeast Asia is inaugurated.
Apr. 1949	Jan. 1950
Jun. 1950	Korean War begins.
Sep. 1951	San Francisco Peace Treaty and Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security Between Japan and the United States of America are signed.
Aug. 1952	Japan joins the World Bank and the IMF.
Aug. 1952	A basic reparations policy is formulated.
Oct. 1953	World Bank makes its first loans to Japan.
Apr. 1954	Asian Cooperation Foundation is founded.
Oct. 1954	Japan participates in the Colombo Plan.
Nov. 1954	Japan-Burma Peace Treaty and the Agreement on Reparations and Economic Cooperation are signed.
Jul. 1955	Agreement between Japan and Thailand concerning Settlement of "Special Yen Problem" is signed.	Apr. 1955	Conference of African and Asian Nations is held in Bandung.
May. 1956	Japan-Philippines Agreement on Reparations is signed.
Apr. 1957	Preinvestment basic surveys start (prototype of development studies).	Sep. 1955	Japan joins the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT).
Jan. 1958	Japan-Indonesia Peace Treaty and the Agreement on Reparations and Economic Cooperation are signed.	Dec. 1956	Japan is granted membership to the United Nations.
Feb. 1958	Yen loans begin (Japan-India Exchange of Notes is signed).	Jan. 1958	European Economic Community (EEC) is founded.
Oct. 1958	Japan-Laos Agreement on Economic and Technological Cooperation is signed.	Apr. 1958	First Conference of Independent African Nations is held.
Mar. 1959	Japan-Cambodia Agreement on Economic and Technological Cooperation is signed.
Apr. 1959	Overseas Technological Training Center begins activities (prototype of project-type technical cooperation).
May 1959	Japan-South Vietnam Agreement on Reparations is signed.
Mar. 1960	Japan joins the DAG.	Dec. 1959	Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) is founded.
Jan. 1960	Oliver Franks points out the importance of North-South issue (in the Saturday Review).
Jan. 1960	Development Assistance Group (DAG) is founded.
Sep. 1960	Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is founded.
Sep. 1960	International Development Association (IDA, "Second World Bank") is founded.
Dec. 1960	Japan joins the IDA.