# Explanatory Notes

Definitions of terms occurring in this document are given below.

1 (1) Penal Code Offenses: Unless otherwise noted, this describes crimes prescribed under the Penal Code with the exception of dangerous driving causing death or bodily injury, professional negligence or grave negligence resulting in death or injury in a traffic accident, and vehicular battery, and crimes prescribed under the laws given below, namely: “Explosives Control Act,” “Act on Duel,” “Act on Punishment of Physical Violence and Others,” “Act on Prevention and Disposition of Robbery, Theft, etc.,” “Act on Punishment of Unlawful Seizure of an Aircraft,” “Act on Punishment of Use and Others of Molotov Cocktails (Fire Bomb),” “Act on Punishment of the Acts to Cause Aviation Danger,” “Act on Punishment of Compulsion and Other Related Acts Committed by Those Having Taken Hostages,” “Act on Special Measures concerning the Prevention of Poisonous Substances from Contaminating Food in Circulation,” “Act on the Prevention of Bodily Harm Caused by Sarin and Similar Substances,” “Act on Punishment of Organized Crime and Control of Crime Proceeds and Other Matters,” “Act on Punishment of Politicians for Interceding with Government Agencies on Behalf of Business for Personal Gain” and “Act on Punishment of Provision, etc. of Funds for Criminal Acts for Purposes of Threatening the Public, etc.”

(2) Special Act Offenses: These are such offenses excluded from (1) described above. Unless otherwise noted, following crimes are excluded: dangerous driving causing death or bodily injury, professional negligence or grave negligence resulting in death or injury in a traffic accident, and vehicular manslaughter, and crimes prescribed under the laws given below, namely: “Road Traffic Act,” “Road Transportation Act,” “Road Trucking Vehicle Act,” “Road Act,” “Automobile Damages Security Act,” “National Expressway Act,” “Parking Lot Act,” “Act on Securing Vehicle Parking Spaces,” “Act on Special Measures concerning the Prevention of Traffic Accidents by Large-Sized Vehicles Carrying Earth and Sand,” “Act on Special Measures concerning Improvement of Taxi Business,” “Truck Transportation Business Act,” “Trucking Business Act,” “Act on the Prevention of the Generation of Particulates from Studded Tires,” and “Act on Promoting Proper Substitute Driving Business.”

(3) Crime Categories: The Penal Code offenses are classified into six types; namely, “felonious offenses,” “violent offenses,” “larceny offenses,” “intellectual offenses,” “moral offenses” and “other Penal Code offenses.”

a. Felonious offenses: Murder, robbery, arson and rape

b. Violent offenses: Violence, battery, intimidation, extortion, and unlawful assembly with dangerous weapons

c. Larceny offenses: Larceny

d. Intellectual offenses: Fraud, embezzlement (excluding embezzlement of lost articles), forgery, corruption, breach of trust, and crimes prescribed under the “Act on Punishment of Politicians for Interceding with Government Agencies on Behalf of Business for Personal Gain”

e. Moral offenses: Gambling and indecency

f. Other Penal Code offenses: Penal Code offense other than mentioned above, such as obstruction of performance of public duty, intrusion on habitation, arrest or confinement, damage or destruction of structures, etc.

(4) Professional negligence or grave negligence resulting in death or injury: Unless otherwise noted, professional negligence or grave negligence resulting in death or injury regarding offenses other than traffic accidents come in this category.

2 (1) Delinquent minors: Juvenile criminals, law-breaking juveniles and crime-prone juveniles

a. Juvenile criminal: Person who is 14-19 years old who has committed a crime (Article 3, Paragraph 1, Item 1, of the Juvenile Act)

(a) Juvenile Penal Code offender: Juvenile criminal arrested by the police for a Penal code offense

(b) Juvenile Special Act offender: Juvenile criminal arrested by the police for a Special Act offense

b. Law-breaking juvenile: Person under the age of 14 involved in the violation of criminal laws (Article 3, Paragraph 1, Item 2 of the Juvenile Act)

c. Crime-prone: Person under the age of 20 who is involved in pre-criminal activities not corresponding to