Month/Year	Major Developments in Japanese Aid	Month/Year	International Developments in Aid
Jan. 1991	Postal Savings for International Voluntary Aid Program starts.	Feb. 1991	Gulf crisis ends.
Apr. 1991	Four key principles for implementing ODA are formulated.	Apr. 1991	European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) is founded; Japan is one of the founding members.
Jul. 1991	17th G8 Summit (G8 London Summit) (decision reached on emergency assistance for the Soviet Union.)
Dec. 1991	Soviet Union collapses; Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) is established.
Jun. 1992	Japan participates in the Earth Summit (UNCED) and announces that Japan's environmental ODA will increase to between ¥900 billion and ¥1 trillion in the five years from fiscal year 1992.	Dec. 1991	International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) were founded.
Jun. 1992	Japan's Official Development Assistance Charter is approved by the cabinet.	Jun. 1992	United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED, "Earth Summit") is held in Rio de Janeiro.
Mar. 1993	Partnership for Democracy and Development in Central America is held in Tokyo.
Jun. 1993	5th Medium-Term Target of ODA and the funds for Development Initiative are announced.	Sep. 1993	Japan co-sponsors the 1st Meeting of International Committee on Reconstruction of Cambodia (ICORC) in Paris.
Oct. 1993	Japan co-hosts the Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD I).
Oct. 1993	Plaza for International Cooperation is established.
Feb. 1994	Japan announces the Global Issues Initiative (GII) on Population and AIDS.	Nov. 1993	Treaty on European Union (EU) enters into force.
Nov. 1993	1st APEC Summit Meeting is held in Seattle.
Sep. 1994	International Conference on Population and Development is held in Cairo.
Nov. 1994	UN Voluntary Trust Fund for Assistance in Mine Action (VTF) is founded.
Feb. 1995	Ministerial Meeting of the Forum for Comprehensive Development of Indochina is hosted by Japan in Tokyo.	Jan. 1995	World Trade Organization (WTO) is founded.
May. 1995	Emergency Grant Aid for Democratization is commenced.
Aug. 1995	Grant Aid to China is suspended because of its nuclear tests.
Sep. 1995	WID (Women in Development) Initiative is announced.	Sep. 1995	4th World Conference on Women is held in Beijing.
Nov. 1995	3rd APEC Senior Officials Meeting Tokyo and 7th Ministerial Meeting Osaka are held.	Dec. 1995	Bosnia Peace Agreement is signed in Paris.
Mar. 1996	1st Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM) is held in Bangkok.
Apr. 1996	MOFA-NGO Regular Meetings start.
May 1996	Japan-China Comprehensive Forum on Environmental Cooperation is inaugurated.	May. 1996	DAC Development Partnership Strategy is adopted at the DAC High Level Meeting.
Jun. 1996	Release of the Partnership for Democratic Development (PDD) at Lyon Summit.
Aug. 1996	"Report on the Strategies for Development of Greater Mekong Area" is released.	Jun. 1996	22nd Summit Meeting (Lyon Summit) is held and the HIPC Initiative is agreed upon.
Mar. 1997	Grant Aid to China is recommenced.
Apr. 1997	Council on ODA Reforms for the 21st Century is launched.	Nov. 1996	World Food Summit is held in Rome.
Sep. 1997	Prime Minister Ryutaro Hashimoto visits China, where he proposes a bilateral agreement on environmental cooperation toward the 21st century.	Jun. 1997	Special Session of the UN General Assembly to Review and Appraise the Implementation of Agenda 21 (Earth Summit + 5) is held.
Oct. 1997	1st Japan-SPF Summit Meeting (Pacific Islands Forum) is held in Tokyo.	Jul. 1997	Thai Baht plunges in value, triggering the Asian currency and financial crisis.
Dec. 1997	Minister for Foreign Affairs Keizo Obuchi announces "10 billion yen in landmine-related assistance over the next five years."	Dec. 1997	Signing Conference of Mine Ban Convention is held in Ottawa.
Dec. 1997	Japan announces the Kyoto Initiative (Assistance to Developing Countries for Combating Global Warming).	Dec. 1997	3rd Session of the Conference of the Parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change is held in Kyoto.
Dec. 1997	Fiscal Structural Reform Act is enacted, which provides that the ODA budget will be reduced over the next three years.	Dec. 1997	United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) is founded.
Jan. 1998	Council on ODA Reforms presents its final report.
Feb. 1998	Emergency economic stabilization measures for Southeast Asia are announced.
May 1998	Suspension, in principle, of new grant aid and yen loans to India and Pakistan because of their nuclear tests.
Jun. 1998	Enactment of the Basic Law on the Administrative Reform of the Central Government.
Oct. 1998	2nd Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD II) is held.
Oct. 1998	New Miyazawa Initiative is announced.