Silviase/jgov_v1.4_full_ann huggingface dataset:
Figure 2-2-2 Relation of Installed-units of OSs and Size of Application Vendors or Developers

②: Horizontal Expansion Type: platforms are openly provided to various terminals (for example, Google and Windows)

Based on Gartner's Survey

Figure 2-2-2-3 Tendencies to OSs of Application Vendors or Developers, and General Description of Major Application Stores

App Store	Android Market
Operated by	Apple	Google
Date of Establishment	July 2008	October 2008
Number of registered applications	420,5000 applications (as of June 2011)	200,000 applications (as of May 2011)
Compatible device	iPhone, iPod, iPad	Android Terminals
URL	http://www.apple.com/iPhone/appstore	http://www.android.com/market
Revenue share (Operator/Developer)	30%:70%	30%:70%
Application development language	Objective C/C++	Java (Dalvik)
Registration fee for application distribution	99 to 299 dollars	25 dollars
Application Distribution Registration Site	http://developer.apple.com/iphone/program	http://market.android/com/publish/Home
Conditions of application distribution	Registration is open to individuals and corporations. Applicants should enter into contracts with Apple Inc. Required submission of tax forms such as a withholding form, etc., for US, Tex exemption.	Not Applied
Charging	Payment by credit card or pre-paid card	Google Check Out (Credit)

(Source) MIC "Research and Survey on International Comparison and Trends in Information and Telecom Industries and Services" (2012)

note that, in addition to developing the native applications for the proprietary OSs, an increasing number of developers are oriented toward developing web applications by HTML 5; the number of developers who have an HTML 5 orientation just exceeds the number of those oriented to the Android Tablet.

### b. Analysis on user behavior of application stores, based on poll surveys on Web

The poll survey on the web for the purpose of knowing how the smartphone-spread has affected the behavior of users of feature phones, smartphones, and tablet terminals — note that the number of responses for each terminal are normalized — shows the following: more than 50 % of the users have no experiences of downloading paid applications, and as for free applications, more than 50 % have downloaded less than 10 applications, suggesting that the usage of applications is not spreading so widely; the comparison of usage ratio of paid/free applications for each terminal type shows that the paid-application ratio for the tablet-terminal user is 24.4 %, more than the 14 % for smartphone users, and that for smartphone users, according to the store-by-store analysis, the paid-application download ratio differs from one application-store to another.

### c. The influence of the smartphone spread on platform-level services

The influence of the smartphone spread on the platform-level services including search, SNS, and on-line shopping are analyzed using the result of the poll-survey
Figure 2-2-2-4 Trends in Application-usage through Smartphones or Tablet-terminals

(Source) MIC "Research and Survey on International Comparison and Trends in Information and Telecom Industries and Services" (2012)

shown in the previous paragraph in the following manner: the eight services, ① search service, ② SNS service, ③ music subscription service, ④ online games, ⑤ online shopping, ⑥ video-subscription service, ⑦ ebook service, and ⑧ e-paper service, are selected; as for each service, how the type of terminal for access — feature phone, smartphone, and personal computer — influences the selection of the eight services is analyzed.

The analysis of the most frequently used service-site for each type of service by each type of terminal: smartphone, feature phone, and personal computer, shows the following: as for online shopping service and video-subscription service, no significant differences by terminal type are found; as for e-paper service, a similar trend is shown, except for some sites having a high share among smartphone users; as for music subscription service, some specific sites are much more frequently used than other sites by smartphone users, and a similar trend is found among personal computer users; as for other services, smartphone users show a trend between feature phone users and personal computer users.

The analysis of the response to a question dedicated
Figure 2-2-2-5 Influence of Smartphone-shift on Individual Service (Platform) Usage

(Source) MIC "Research and Survey on International Comparison and Trends in Information and Telecom Industries and Services" (2012)

to current smartphone users concerning whether, for the eight services, their favorite sites have changed after shifting to smartphones shows the following: in terms of the changes in the usage rate and in the site-concentration for the top tree services (platforms), for video subscription service, music subscription service, and search service, both the usage rate and the site-concentration have increased, and particularly for music subscription service, the iPhone users' shift to iTunes has boosted such trends; on the other hand, as for on-line shopping, SNS, and online games, the usage rate has increased while the site concentration is leveling-off or declining, suggesting that the inter-site competition has become active.

In addition, the users who are currently using smartphones are questioned concerning what services (platforms) they use. The responses for the individual services are summarized as the share of the individual services (indicating what services are used more frequently) (Figure 2-2-2-5); the respondents are requested to answer regarding use before buying the smartphone and after. The shares are shown in Figure 2-2-2-5. Similarly to the previous analysis, it is apparent that for the services such as search, music-subscription, and video-subscription, the "after" share is larger than the "before" share.

The analysis shown above suggests that the ecosystem strategy in the smartphone business, where terminals, OS, and services (platform) are interconnected, and third-parties having specific advantages are involved for the purpose of the enhancement of the value of overall service, has proven its effectiveness. Therefore, each of the business players in the ICT industries, when deploying their services, should pay attention to the ecosystem and platform strategies.

### 3. Changes in ICT User Behavior induced by Smartphone Spread

## (1) Smartphone user's characteristics

a. Number of ICT devices per family and Internet usage via terminal

Figure 2-2-3-1 shows the last five-year trends in the number of ICT devices per family based on the State of Japan's Communication in terms of Traffic, 2009 as follows:

While the spread of ICT devices has generally reached the level of saturation, the rapid spread of smartphones is remarkable, and new demands have emerged in connection to them.

A look at what types of terminals are frequently used by Internet users to connect to the Internet shows that 16.2% of all Internet users use smartphones, and 9.8% of people who use the Internet from outside of their homes mainly use smartphones.

At the same time, a look at what types of terminals — mobile phones, smartphones, tablet terminals — are frequently used for connecting to the Internet by what generation groups shows that more than 40 % of 20 year olds use smartphones, whereas almost all the genera
Figure 2-2-3-1 Major Information/Communication Devices in Household (2007 to 2011)

$ ^{*} $ Note: Since the end of 2010, mobile-phones / PHS (including smartphones) has been counted as an item of smartphones. The ownership-ratio, when smartphones are excluded, is 89.4 % at the end of 2011.

(Source) MIC “2011 Communications Usage Trend Survey”

Figure 2-2-3-2 Trends in Individual Use of Internet (as of the end of 2011)

Internet usage ratio by type of terminal-devices (popularization rate)

$ ^{*} $ Note: Ratio of persons who accessed the Internet in 2011 by a terminal device (excluding no-response)

$ ^{*} $ Note: Ratio of persons who accessed Internet in 2011 by using the terminal device as the primary connection device to the persons who accessed Internet in 2011 (excluding non-responses)

(Source) MIC "2011 Communications Usage Trend Survey"
Figure 2-2-3-3 Generation-by Generation Trends in Individual Use of Internet (as of the end of 2011)

(Source) MIC "2011 Communications Usage Trend Survey"

Figure 2-2-3-4 Terminal-type Comparison of Use-hours and Expenses on Mobile-use

(Source) MIC "Research and Survey on International Comparison and Trends in Information and Telecom Industries and Services" (2012)

tion groups still accept conventional mobile phones as Internet-connection terminals usable from everywhere. This suggests that the younger generation has rapidly accepted smart phones.

### b. Changes in user behaviors in terminal usage induced by the spread of smartphones

A look at the State of Japan’s Communication Traffic, 2009 for the changes in user behaviors in terminal usage induced by the spread of smartphones reveals the following:

As for the frequency of Internet usage outside the home, while more-than-once-per-day usage is just over 50% for conventional-mobile-phones, it exceeds 80% for smartphones, suggesting that smartphones accelerate Internet usage. In terms of the purpose of usage outside the home, smartphones are more frequently used than conventional mobile phones for almost all purposes, and more frequently used distinctly for the purpose of webpage browsing, social-media-access, on-line shopping, and map-viewing.

As for online shopping, smartphones are much more frequently used than conventional mobile phones for almost every purchase-item; the highest price per purchase, averaging the replies by people who have purchased goods on online-shopping sites, is 13,054 yen through conventional mobile phones and 15,533 yen through smartphones, which is 2,400 yen or about 18%
Figure 2-2-3-5 Terminal-type Comparison of Service-use

Futurephones	Smartphones	Tablet terminals
Search	75.8	97.8	94.9
SNS	65.1	112.3	86.2
Ebook	52.7	130.0	238.7
E-newspaper	33.1	139.2	154.1
Video distribution	25.6	81.5	88.2
Music distribution	55.0	87.8	95.7
Online game	75.6	109.3	70.3
Online shopping	25.9	46.8	52.0

(Source) MIC "Research and Survey on International Comparison and Trends in Information and Telecom Industries and Services" (2012)

higher than for conventional phones. It suggests that the spread of smartphones has the potential to boost users' Internet shopping.

An additional web-poll survey for the purpose of the further analysis of the changes in terminal usage-share in Internet-use and the factors affecting the terminal choice shows the following:

As for the hours of using terminals in a day inside the house or outside the house, the hours spent using smartphones are twice those for conventional mobile phones, regardless of the location where a terminal is used (inside or outside the house).

As for the mobile-related monthly expense, $ ^{6} $ the total communication service-charge including basic monthly charge, call charge and packet charge paid by a smartphone user or a tablet terminal user is more than twice that by a feature phone user, and a tablet terminal user spends more on purchasing goods on-line than the others.

Regarding the major services available on the Internet, Figure 2-2-3-5, shows in a radar chart the service-usage frequency by each type of terminal, feature phones, smartphones, tablet terminals and personal computers, normalized by that of personal computers. The figure reveals that, as for a tablet terminal, e-book services stands out, suggesting that the use of tablet terminals is closely related to e-book services.

## (2) Factors affecting the selection of smartphone

The previously-mentioned poll-survey investigated factors that users recognize as critical for selection of terminals, and changes in the users' recognition since the emergence of the smartphone or the tablet terminal, through asking questions such as, "What factors do you consider when selecting a terminal?" "What are the critical factors now that smartphones and tablet terminals are available?"

The investigation reveals the following:

With regard to the rank of importance of each factor and how it changed due to the emergence of the smartphone and the tablet terminal, the following significant difference exists between the factor of terminal price and the factor of accessibility to network services: although feature phone users recognize the factor of terminal price as critical and have maintained this recognition even since the emergence of the smartphone and the tablet terminal, smartphone users recognize the accessibility to network services as critical, and now recognize it as more critical, after the emergence of the smartphone and the tablet terminal. No other factors, while some differences are observed depending on the user type, show such a significant dependence on user
Figure 2-2-3-6 Critical-factors for Choosing Smartphones

【The most decisive factor (only one answer)】

(Source) MIC "Research and Survey on International Comparison and Trends in Information and Telecom Industries and Services" (2012)

type.

In addition, the smartphone users, when asked about why they shifted from feature phones to smartphones and when requested to ① list all the reasons, and ② choose the most critical reason, responded as follows (Figure 2-2-3-6):

As for request ① (all the reasons), “Able to use the same pages for browsing” is the most frequently chosen reason (getting 57.4 % of all the votes), and “Equipped with a wide and easy-to-read display” is the next (46.4 %); as for the question ② (most critical reason), “Able to use the same pages for browsing” is the first again (22 %). Such a high support-rating for ① and ② suggests that the smartphone’s feature of having the same level of browsing capability as personal computers is the key factor of the shift to the smartphone.

## (3) Potential of the tablet terminal to be a terminal for seniors

Although, at present, tablet terminals are dominated by the younger generations — 30s or 40s —, and are not recognized as a device for seniors, a small but increasing number of trial services on tablet terminals are senior-friendly and are expected to develop as senior-oriented services. Tablet-terminals have the potential to be used by seniors if one-stop services that are easy-to-use with tablet terminals are provided.

For the purpose of proving the possibility of such a scenario, a web-poll-survey (by-mail in some situations) was conducted for seniors on the desired one-stop services available on tablet terminals, the required features, and expectations for the services. Figure 2-2-3-7, as a result of conjoint analysis of the responses of the poll-survey, shows the willingness-to-pay for the services if they
Figure 2-2-3-7 Amount Seniors are willing to pay for Services Amount of money users are willing-to-pay per month for senior-oriented services (yen per month)

(Source) MIC "Research and Survey on Current-and-Future Usage of Smartphones or Tablet Terminals" (2012)

are available on tablet terminals as follows:

In general, respondent seniors using personal computers responded that the amount of money they can pay for a service is over 1,000 yen, suggesting that, if a tablet terminal is supplied at a monthly rent of about 500 yen including service fees, seniors interested in PCs will probably accept tablet terminals.

The results of the poll-survey on the persons who are the children of those seniors conducted concurrently with the above-mentioned survey show similar inclinations; it suggests that the activities for providing the "child-generations" with information on such terminals and services, will possibly help such terminal and services spread among seniors.

An additional mail-survey targeting the seniors who are not using personal computers shows no significant contradiction with the results of the above two surveys regarding the sum they are willing to pay; it suggests that seniors, as a whole, potentially require such tablet terminals and services.

### 4. Economic Ripple Effects of Spread of Smartphones/Tablet-terminals

The spread of smartphones/tablet-terminals is expected to bring about economic effects through stimulating consumer-spending on the Internet in a variety of fields, expanding mobile advertisement on the terminals, and expanding the smartphone/terminal market.

The analysis for the purpose of estimating the economic effects on the consumer market induced by the spread of smartphones/tablet terminals, in which the impact (direct value and increment) induced by the spread of smartphones/tablet terminals is estimated and the total economic ripple effects to all the industries (value of induced production) are estimated by using the interindustry table, shows the following: the absolute value of the direct effect is about 3.7 trillion yen annually, and the total ripple effects (increment) obtained by using interindustry analysis is about 7.2 trillion yen annually; the total job-creation (increment) is, based on the job number (for the year 2010) and the value of induced production, estimated to be 338 thousand annually (including 99 thousand in the information and communication industry, and 239 thousand in the general industries).

Note that more than half of the economic ripple effect is generated in the general industries covering a wide range of fields, including the ICT industry, which suggests that the spread of smartphone brings about economic effects on a wide variety of industries in addition to the information and communication industries.

## Section 3

# Transformation of Media driven by the Completion of Digital Network

The nationwide switchover to the digital terrestrial television broadcasting service was completed at the end of March 2012 when the termination of the analog terrestrial television broadcasting was carried-out in the
Figure 2-3-2-1 Significant Trends in Activities around Smart TV

(Source) MIC "Research and Survey on International Comparison and Trends in Information and Telecom Industries and Services" (2012)

and then defined broadly as “a TV terminal or set-top box enabling such features expanded through Internet connection as web-browsing, social-media access, utilization of applications, or device-to-device connection.” The trends in smart TV are classified following the definition as shown in Figure 2-3-2-1 focusing on what business models the players are seeking.

### a. Enhancement of video-subscription through Internet (multi-platform business model)

As for the Internet-video-subscription-service, which has been accepted as a video-distribution media particularly in overseas countries, a growing number of such trials have been started in Japan; for example, “Motto-TV”, which has been in service since April 2012 — established jointly by the five terrestrial commercial TV key stations and Dentsu Inc. — has started services focusing on Internet-video-subscription for compatible TV terminals (expansion to smartphones and tablet terminals are in the planning phase).

### b. Smart TVs enabled by open-platforms

As for trials of enabling smart TV by open-platforms, activities are seen in the “platform-creation model” seeking to enable features on platforms, such as provision of subtitles by synchronized applications with programs, or collaboration with social media.

## ●Hybridcast

Hybridcast is a system infrastructure for integrated services of broadcasting and communication under development in the NHK Science and Technical Research Institute for the purpose of providing a variety of services, where TV programs and internet services delivered through communication lines collaborate in an integrated and synchronized way. It works under a basic mechanism where various information is provided via communication lines in a collaborated and synchronized way with programs broadcast through the current terrestrial/BS broadcasting, and is able to provide "hybrid" services. To receive the Hybridcast, a dedicated receiver with enhanced features is required in place of a conventional digital-terrestrial-broadcasting receiver.

There, applications provide services through communication lines and are used through the web browser installed in a receiver, compatible with HTML 5, which is scheduled to be an international standard; the applications are divided into two types, "synchronized," available only with programs, and "non-synchronized," available independent of programs.

## ●International standardization of smart-TV platform

W3C (The World Wide Web Consortium), a non-government organization promoting the open-standardization of web-technologies available on Internet, has been discussing the standardization of smart-TV platforms. Discussions are ongoing toward the completion of the official recommendation scheduled to be released in 2014, and as a member Japan is scheduled to submit a draft in 2012.
Figure 2-3-3-2 Comprehensive Comparison of Media-evaluation Indices: Information Source 2

(Source) MIC "Research and Survey on Trends of Users' Recognition through the Improvement of ICT Infrastructure and Services (2012)"

### 3. Changes in users' recognition to the information media

In addition to the descriptions presented in the previous articles of the changes in the media environments, how the Japanese people's recognition of the various information-providing media has been affected by the changes in the media environments is introduced showing the result of a mail-poll-survey. The comprehensive comparison of evaluations of each media is introduced below, where the rating indices for measuring the media's social-influence are ① rate of utilization (access frequency, access hours), ② importance (benefits to viewers, or social status), ③ credibility (quality and quality of provided information), ④ Contribution (contribution to daily life), and ⑤ news value (it indicates to what extent the user wants to tell the information to others); note that the index ② is a vector with two axes, “importance as an information source” and “importance as an entertainment.” For the comprehensive comparison, the rating indices are presented in a form of a radar chart, where the ratio of positive answers to the total answers for each rating-index is plotted to each corresponding axis.

For the comparison of users' recognition as an information source of the media, the following media groups are selected: video-oriented medias, including "TV" and "other video-sites" for example, video-distribution/sharing sites such as YouTube or Niko-Niko Douga; text-oriented medias including "newspapers and magazines; social medias such as , mixi, Gree, Facebook, and Twitter.

Each of the radar-charts for the video-oriented media and the document-oriented media show that as for “importance as an entertainment” and “news value”, the importance difference between the group members (ex. Newspaper/magazine and social media as for the text-
Figure 2-3-3-3 Comprehensive Comparison of Media-evaluation Indices: Media Type and Transmission Type 【Video-oriented Media】 Information source 100
平 成 2 5 年 度

# 一般会计嵌入予算概算見積書

(現金收入)

内 閣 府
平 成 25 年 度 歲 入 予 算 概 算 見 積 額 総 括 表

(第 1 表)

06 内閣府主管

(单位：千円)

部 款 项 目	23 年度
决算额
(A)	24 年度	25 年度
见 精 额
(D)	对前年度予算额
比 较 增 △ 减 额
(D) 一 (C)	对23年度决算额
比 较 增 △ 减 额
(D) 一 (A)	備 考
当初要求额(B)	予算额(C)
3000-00 官業益金及官業收入
3200-00 官 業 收 入
3201-00 病 院 收 入
3201-01 宫内庁病院收入	43,864	45,323	43,765	40,343	△3,422	△3,521
4000-00 政府資產整理收入	(6,916)	(10,250)	(10,250)	(11,191)	(941)	(4,275)
3,570,094	3,517,845	3,517,845	3,519,610	1,765	△50,484
4100-00 国有財產处分收入
4101-00 国有財產売払收入	(6,916)	(10,250)	(10,250)	(11,191)	(941)	(4,275)
460,094	407,845	407,845	409,610	1,765	△50,484
4101-01 土地 壳 払 代	314,823	192,560	192,560	174,561	△17,999	△140,262
(87)	(279)	(279)	(267)	(△12)	(180)
4101-03 建 物 壳 払 代	1,837	5,879	5,879	5,612	△267	3,775
(313)	(85)	(85)	(141)	(56)	(△172)
4101-05 船 船 壳 払 代	6,593	1,791	1,791	2,981	1,190	△3,612
(6,516)	(9,886)	(9,886)	(10,783)	(897)	(4,267)
4101-50 航空機 壳 払 代	136,840	207,615	207,615	226,456	18,841	89,616