groups and individuals that support or cooperate with the fund acquisition activities of Boryokudans through such actions as offering them funds. On the surface, these individuals and groups hide their relationship with Boryokudans, but behind the scenes they are using the power and financial strength of Boryokudans to expand their own profitability, and thus can be said to be “living in coexistence” with the Boryokudans.

Boryokudans, with the threat of force in the background, either act through the business that is effectively provided to them by associate companies or collude with those individuals living in coexistence with them to carry out general business transactions and commit a multitude of fund acquisition crimes. Through such actions as unreasonable requests of corporations and government organizations, misuses public benefit systems, Furikome fraud (extortion), robbery, and larceny, Boryokudans are able to acquire funding and adapt to the times.

The police are working to crack down on Boryokudan members and those coexisting with Boryokudans who are attempting to acquire funds by undertaking business in securities trading and industries such as the industrial waste management industry, the financial industry, the construction industry, while paying attention to the trends of fund acquisition activities of boryokudan in the economic recession.

## (3) Incidents of Rivalry Conflict and Incidents of Gun Violence Caused by Boryokudans

Table 2-3 shows the progression of the number of cases, and other details, concerning rivalry conflict and gun violence caused by boryokudans in the past 10 years. In 2008, there was one case of rival conflict, leading to 3 deaths or injuries. Additionally, there were 32 incidents of handgun usage by boryokudan members, leading to 13 deaths or injuries.

Table 2-3 Trends in the Number of Incidents of Rivalry Conflicts or Gun Violence caused by Boryokudans (1999-2008)

Year	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008
Category	Number of cases (cases)	11	5	5	7	7	6	6	0	3
Rivalry Conflict	Number of incidents (times)	46	18	81	28	44	31	18	0 [ 15 ]	18	6
Number of incidents among those that involved guns	42 (91.3)	16 (88.9)	71 (87.7)	21 (75.0)	32 (72.7)	19 (61.3)	11 (61.1)	0 [ 8 ] ( [ 53.3 ] )	12 (66.7)	3 (50.0)
Number of deaths	3	1	4	2	7	4	2	0	8	3
Number of injuries	12	9	15	14	15	12	4	0 [ 6 ]	8	0
Gun Violence	Number of cases	133	92	178	112	104	85	51	36	41	32
Number of deaths	22	17	24	18	28	15	7	2	12	8
Number of injuries	20	24	20	20	27	12	6	8	7	5

Note 1: The rate of firearm use is shown in parenthesis.

In rivalry conflicts, the series of incidents between specified groups resulting from beginning to end is considered individually for "Number of incidents" and the total number of illegal acts stemming from a given conflict falls under "Number of occurrences."

3: “Incidents of gunfire” believed to have been committed by Boryokudan, etc., are cases for which it is suspected that a Boryokudan member or associated member was responsible, as well as those incidents with which it is believed that Boryokudan held an interest.

4: The incidents that are regarded as internal conflicts between Dojin-kai and Kyushu Seido-kai or the attacks by conflicts are allocated in square parentheses.